WO2021000608A1 - 用于煤矿井下的机械手装置 - Google Patents

用于煤矿井下的机械手装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000608A1
WO2021000608A1 PCT/CN2020/080897 CN2020080897W WO2021000608A1 WO 2021000608 A1 WO2021000608 A1 WO 2021000608A1 CN 2020080897 W CN2020080897 W CN 2020080897W WO 2021000608 A1 WO2021000608 A1 WO 2021000608A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
motor
oil cylinder
gear
reducer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/080897
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张爱民
翟德华
牛乃平
李栋庆
邢建军
张志峰
郭凯
崔世杰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanxi Keda Automatic Control Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanxi Keda Automatic Control Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanxi Keda Automatic Control Co Ltd filed Critical Shanxi Keda Automatic Control Co Ltd
Priority to AU2020299731A priority Critical patent/AU2020299731B2/en
Publication of WO2021000608A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000608A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/0052—Gripping heads and other end effectors multiple gripper units or multiple end effectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J15/00—Gripping heads and other end effectors
    • B25J15/02—Gripping heads and other end effectors servo-actuated
    • B25J15/0206—Gripping heads and other end effectors servo-actuated comprising articulated grippers
    • B25J15/0213—Gripping heads and other end effectors servo-actuated comprising articulated grippers actuated by gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/102—Gears specially adapted therefor, e.g. reduction gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/12—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/10—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements
    • B25J9/14—Program-controlled manipulators characterised by positioning means for manipulator elements fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a manipulator device used in underground coal mines.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a manipulator device used in underground coal mines to solve the problems of low efficiency, high labor intensity, and high risk of existing underground coal mining mainly relying on manual operations of coal workers.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a manipulator device used in underground coal mines, including: a base, a support column, a boom, a first cylinder, a small arm, a second cylinder, a pawl assembly, and a connecting assembly; one end of the support column can be It is rotatably arranged on the base; one end of the boom is connected with the other end of the support column through a first pin, and the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder is axially connected with the side wall of the support column, The piston rod end of the first cylinder is connected to the boom, and the first cylinder drives the boom to rotate around the first pin; one end of the forearm passes through the other end of the boom
  • the second pin shaft is connected, the cylinder end of the second oil cylinder is connected with the boom shaft, the piston rod end of the second oil cylinder is connected with one end of the arm, and the second oil cylinder drives the small arm.
  • the arm rotates around the second pin shaft; the pawl assembly is connected to the other end of the forearm through the connecting assembly, wherein the connecting assembly includes a connecting rod, a first motor drive part, and a second motor The driving part; the pawl assembly is arranged on the connecting rod; the first motor driving part is used to drive the connecting rod to rotate around the center of the connecting rod; the second motor driving part is used to drive the The connecting rod rotates in the pitch direction.
  • the connecting assembly further includes: two oppositely arranged connecting plates and two first rotating shafts, one end of the two connecting plates is fixedly arranged on the connecting rod, and the other ends of the two connecting plates are respectively The two first rotating shafts are connected to the two side walls of the other end of the forearm, and the other end of the forearm is located between the two connecting plates;
  • the first motor driving part includes: The first motor and the first reducer, the first motor is arranged on the connecting rod, the output end of the first motor is connected with the input end of the first reducer, and the first reducer The output end is connected to the center of the connecting rod;
  • the second motor driving part includes: a second motor, a second reducer, a first timing belt wheel, a second timing belt wheel and a first timing belt, the second The motor is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm, the output end of the second motor is shaft-connected with the input end of the second reducer, and the output end of the second reducer is sleeved with the The
  • connection assembly further includes: a quadrilateral connection frame, two side walls of the quadrilateral connection frame are axially connected with the other end of the forearm;
  • the first motor driving part includes: a third motor, a third timing belt Wheel, the fourth synchronous belt wheel, the second synchronous belt, the second rotating shaft, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the third reducer, the third motor is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm, The output end of the third motor is sleeved with the third synchronous belt wheel, the third synchronous belt wheel and the fourth synchronous belt wheel are connected by the second synchronous belt, and the fourth synchronous belt
  • the wheel is sleeved on one end of the second rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft passes through a side wall of the quadrilateral connecting frame, the other end of the second rotating shaft is sleeved with the first bevel gear, so The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are
  • the input end of the third reducer passes through the surface of the quadrilateral connecting frame opposite to the connecting rod, and the input end of the third reducer is sleeved
  • the output end of the third reducer is connected to the center of the connecting rod
  • the second motor drive unit includes: a fourth motor, a fifth synchronous pulley, a sixth synchronous pulley, and a Three synchronous belts and a fourth reducer, the fourth motor is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm, the fifth synchronous pulley is sleeved on the output end of the fourth motor, and the first The fifth synchronous belt wheel is connected to the sixth synchronous belt wheel through the third synchronous belt, the sixth synchronous belt wheel is sleeved on the input end of the fourth reducer, and the fourth reducer is arranged at On the outer surface of the other side wall of the quadrilateral connecting frame.
  • the manipulator device for underground coal mines further includes: a hydraulic motor, a first gear and a second gear; the first gear and the second gear are located on the base, and the output end of the hydraulic motor The first gear is sleeved, the first gear meshes with the second gear, and one end of the support column is arranged on the second gear.
  • the manipulator device for underground coal mines further includes: a third gear and a sensor, the third gear is located on the base, the third gear meshes with the second gear, and the third gear is on the Set up the sensor.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines further includes: a first oil cylinder fixing assembly
  • the first oil cylinder fixing assembly includes: two opposed first fixing plates, a first oil cylinder clamping plate, and a first piston rod clamp A plate and a first guide shaft, one end of the two first fixing plates is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the support column, and the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder is located between the two first fixing plates, And the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder is axially connected with the other ends of the two first fixing plates, the first oil cylinder clamping plate is clamped on the cylinder barrel of the first oil cylinder, and the first piston The rod clamp is clamped on the piston rod of the first oil cylinder, one end of the first guide shaft is connected to the first piston rod clamp, and the other end of the first guide shaft passes through the first oil cylinder Card board.
  • the boom includes: a first boom section and a second boom section, one end of the first boom section is axially connected to the other end of the support column, and the other end of the first boom section One end of the second boom section is connected, the other end of the second boom section is axially connected to one end of the forearm, and the clamp between the first boom section and the second boom section
  • the angle is obtuse.
  • the manipulator device for underground coal mines further includes: a second cylinder fixing assembly
  • the second cylinder fixing assembly includes: a second cylinder clamp, a second piston rod clamp, and a second guide shaft.
  • the cylinder end of the second oil cylinder is axially connected with the other end of the first boom section, the second oil cylinder clamp is clamped on the cylinder bore of the second cylinder, and the second piston rod clamp is clamped On the piston rod of the second oil cylinder, one end of the second guide shaft is connected to the second piston rod clamping plate, and the other end of the second guide shaft passes through the second oil cylinder clamping plate.
  • the claw assembly includes: a third oil cylinder, a transmission rack, two fourth gears, two third shafts, and two claw parts; the piston rod end of the third oil cylinder and the transmission rack One end of the transmission rack is connected to one end, two opposite sides of the transmission rack have tooth portions, the two fourth gears are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission rack, and each fourth gear is connected to the transmission rack.
  • the teeth on the corresponding side of the transmission rack are engaged, each of the third rotating shafts passes through each of the fourth gears, and two ends of each of the third rotating shafts are connected to each of the claws.
  • the two side walls at one end of the part are connected, and the two claw parts are arranged oppositely.
  • the gripper assembly further includes two rubber plates, each of which is arranged on a surface of each gripper portion opposite to the other gripper portion.
  • the components of the manipulator device used in underground coal mines can be rotated in multiple dimensions, so that the state of the device can be adjusted according to actual needs, and coal can be collected more efficiently; and due to the hybrid drive of the oil cylinder and the motor, The rotation of the arm is driven by the oil cylinder, and the action of the claw is driven by the motor, which can not only exert the advantages of large hydraulic output, but also reduce the volume and load of the claw, with flexible control and high precision.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a manipulator device used in underground coal mines according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting assembly of a manipulator device used in underground coal mines according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the connecting assembly of the manipulator device used in underground coal mines according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the connection assembly of the manipulator device used in the underground coal mine according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the base and the supporting column of the manipulator device used in the underground coal mine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the guiding structure of the oil cylinder of the manipulator device used in the underground mine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the gripper assembly of the manipulator device used in the underground coal mine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the claw assembly of the manipulator device used in the underground coal mine according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention discloses a manipulator device used in a coal mine.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines includes: a base 1, a supporting column 2, a boom 3, a first cylinder 4, a small arm 5, a second cylinder 6, a claw assembly 7 and a connecting assembly.
  • One end of the support column 2 is rotatably arranged on the base 1 so that the support column 2 can rotate around the central axis of the support column 2. It should be understood that the central axis of the supporting column 2 is an axis extending along the length of the supporting column 2.
  • the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder 4 is axially connected with the side wall of the support column 2.
  • the piston rod end of the first oil cylinder 4 is connected with the boom 3. It should be understood that the connection position between the piston rod end of the first cylinder 4 and the boom 3 can be set according to the required rotation angle range of the boom 3, the selection of the boom 3, and so on.
  • the boom 3 is in the shape of a broken line, and the end of the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 4 is connected to the left and right positions of the middle of the boom 3.
  • the first oil cylinder 4 drives the boom 3 to rotate around the first pin shaft.
  • the cylinder end of the second cylinder 6 is axially connected with the boom 3. It should be understood that the connection position between the cylinder end of the second cylinder 6 and the boom 3 can be set according to the required rotation angle range of the forearm 5, the selection of the boom 3, and so on.
  • the boom 3 is in the shape of a broken line, and the cylinder end of the second cylinder 6 is connected to the left and right positions of the middle of the boom 3.
  • the piston rod end of the second oil cylinder 6 is connected to one end of the arm 5.
  • the second oil cylinder 6 drives the arm 5 to rotate around the second pin shaft.
  • the gripper assembly 7 and the other end of the forearm 5 are connected by a connecting assembly.
  • the claw assembly 7 is used to clamp the coal block.
  • the number of the gripper assembly 7 is two.
  • the connecting assembly includes: a connecting rod 8, a first motor driving part and a second motor driving part.
  • the gripper assembly 7 is arranged on the connecting rod 8.
  • the two claw assemblies 7 are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the connecting rod 8.
  • the first motor driving part is used to drive the connecting rod 8 to rotate around the center of the connecting rod. It should be understood that the center of the connecting rod 8 refers to the center position of the connecting rod 8 in the length direction.
  • the second motor driving part is used to drive the connecting rod 8 to rotate in the pitch direction. It should be understood that the aforementioned rotation in the pitch direction refers to rotation in the vertical direction.
  • the components of the manipulator device used in underground coal mines can be rotated in multiple dimensions, so that the state of the device can be adjusted according to actual needs, and coal can be collected more efficiently; and due to the use of hybrid power of oil cylinder and motor Drive, the rotation of the arm is driven by the oil cylinder, and the action of the claw is driven by the motor, which can not only exert the advantages of large hydraulic output, but also reduce the volume and load of the claw, and the control is flexible and accurate.
  • the connecting assembly further includes: two oppositely arranged connecting plates 9 and two first rotating shafts.
  • One ends of the two connecting plates 9 are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod 8.
  • the other ends of the two connecting plates 9 are pivotally connected to the two side walls of the other end of the forearm 5 through two first rotating shafts, and the other end of the forearm 5 is located between the two connecting plates 9.
  • the first motor drive unit includes: a first motor 10 and a first reducer 11.
  • the first motor 10 is arranged on the connecting rod 8.
  • the output end of the first motor 10 is axially connected with the input end of the first reducer 11.
  • the output end of the first speed reducer 11 is connected to the center of the connecting rod 8.
  • a first motor protective shell may be provided to protect the first motor 10.
  • the first motor 10 drives to the first reducer 11, the output end of the first reducer 11 rotates, thereby driving the connecting rod 8 to rotate around the center of the connecting rod 8, so that the claw assembly 7 can be parallel Rotate on the plane of the connecting rod 8.
  • the second motor driving part includes: a second motor 12, a second reducer 13, a first timing belt wheel 14, a second timing belt wheel 15 and a first timing belt 16.
  • the second motor 12 is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm 5.
  • the output end of the second motor 12 is axially connected to the input end of the second reducer 13.
  • a first synchronous pulley 14 is sleeved on the output end of the second reducer 13.
  • the first timing belt wheel 14 is connected to the second timing belt wheel 15 through the first timing belt 16.
  • the second timing pulley 15 is sleeved on one end of the first rotating shaft.
  • the second motor 12 drives to the second reducer 13, the output end of the second reducer 13 rotates, driving the first synchronous belt wheel 14 to rotate, the first synchronous belt wheel 14 drives to the first synchronous belt 16 ,
  • the first timing belt 16 drives the second timing pulley 15 to rotate, the second timing pulley 15 drives the first rotating shaft to rotate, the first rotating shaft drives the connecting plate 9 to rotate around the first rotating shaft, and the connecting plate 9 drives the connecting rod 8 in the pitch direction Rotation, so as to realize the rotation of the pawl assembly 7 in the pitch direction.
  • the second motor 12 is arranged in the housing of the forearm 5, which not only uses the forearm 5 itself to protect the second motor 12, but also can be explosion-proof and improve safety; in addition, no additional housing for the second motor 12 is required. , Simplifies the overall structure, saves space, and is more conducive to underground use.
  • connection assembly further includes: a quadrilateral connection frame 17.
  • the two side walls of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 are axially connected with the other end of the forearm 5.
  • the first motor drive unit includes: a third motor 18, a third synchronous belt wheel 19, a fourth synchronous belt wheel 20, a second synchronous belt 21, a second rotating shaft 22, a first bevel gear 23, a second bevel gear 24, and a Three reducer 25.
  • the third motor 18 is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm 5.
  • a third synchronous pulley 19 is sleeved on the output end of the third motor 18.
  • the third timing belt wheel 19 and the fourth timing belt wheel 20 are connected by a second timing belt 21.
  • the fourth timing pulley 20 is sleeved on one end of the second rotating shaft 22.
  • the second rotating shaft 22 passes through a side wall of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17.
  • a first bevel gear 23 is sleeved on the other end of the second rotating shaft 22.
  • the first bevel gear 23 meshes with the second bevel gear 24.
  • the first bevel gear 23 and the second bevel gear 24 are located inside the quadrilateral connecting frame 17.
  • the third speed reducer 25 is provided on the surface of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 opposite to the connecting rod 8.
  • the input end of the third reducer 25 passes through the surface of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 opposite to the connecting rod 8, and the input end of the third reducer 25 is sleeved with a second bevel gear 24.
  • the output end of the third speed reducer 25 is connected to the center of the connecting rod 8.
  • the third motor 18 drives the third synchronous belt wheel 19 to rotate, the third synchronous belt wheel 19 drives to the second synchronous belt 21, and the second synchronous belt 21 drives the fourth synchronous belt wheel 20 to rotate.
  • the pulley 20 drives the second rotating shaft 22 to rotate, the second rotating shaft 22 drives the first bevel gear 23 to rotate, the first bevel gear 23 drives the second bevel gear 24 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 24 is transmitted to the third reducer 25.
  • the speed reducer 25 drives the connecting rod 8 to rotate around the center of the connecting rod 8 so that the pawl assembly 7 can rotate on a plane parallel to the connecting rod 8.
  • the second motor drive unit includes: a fourth motor 26, a fifth synchronous belt wheel 27, a sixth synchronous belt wheel 28, a third synchronous belt 29 and a fourth speed reducer 30.
  • the fourth motor 26 is arranged in the housing at the other end of the forearm 5.
  • a fifth synchronous belt wheel 27 is sleeved on the output end of the fourth motor 26.
  • the fifth timing pulley 27 and the sixth timing pulley 28 are connected by a third timing belt 29.
  • the sixth synchronous pulley 28 is sleeved on the input end of the fourth reducer 30.
  • the fourth speed reducer 30 is provided on the outer surface of the other side wall of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17.
  • the output end of the fourth speed reducer 30 is connected to the outer surface of the other side wall of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17.
  • the fourth motor 26 drives the fifth synchronous belt wheel 27 to rotate, the fifth synchronous belt wheel 27 drives to the third synchronous belt 29, and the third synchronous belt 29 drives the sixth synchronous belt wheel 28 to rotate.
  • the pulley 28 is transmitted to the fourth reducer 30, and the fourth reducer 30 drives the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 to rotate around the connecting axis of the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 and the arm 5, so that the quadrilateral connecting frame 17 drives the connecting rod 8 to rotate in the pitch direction, thereby Realize the rotation of the claw assembly 7 in the pitch direction.
  • the forearm 5 since the third motor 18 and the fourth motor 26 are installed in the housing of the forearm 5, the forearm 5 itself is not only used to protect the third motor 18 and the fourth motor 26, but also is explosion-proof. , Improve safety and reduce the weight of the head; in addition, there is no need to provide an additional motor shell, which simplifies the overall structure, saves space, and is more conducive to underground use.
  • the manipulator device for underground coal mines further includes: a hydraulic motor 31, a first gear 32 and a second gear 33.
  • the first gear 32 and the second gear 33 are located on the base 1.
  • a first gear 32 is sleeved on the output end of the hydraulic motor 31.
  • the first gear 32 meshes with the second gear 33.
  • the first gear 32 is a driving wheel
  • the second gear 33 is a driven wheel.
  • One end of the support column 2 is provided on the second gear 33.
  • the hydraulic motor 31 can be used in conjunction with a reducer, so that a larger torque can be obtained with a smaller shape.
  • the hydraulic motor 31 is activated to drive the first gear 32 to rotate, the first gear 32 drives the second gear 33 to rotate, and the second gear 33 drives the support column 2 to rotate.
  • the hydraulic motor 31 enables the support column 2 to rotate forward and reverse 180 degrees.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines further includes: a third gear 34 and a sensor 35.
  • the third gear 34 is located on the base 1, and specifically, is axially connected with the upper surface of the base 1.
  • the third gear 34 meshes with the second gear 33.
  • a sensor 35 is provided on the third gear 33.
  • the second gear 33 when the second gear 33 rotates, it will also drive the third gear 34 to rotate.
  • the sensor 35 on the third gear 34 can collect the rotation angle and direction of the third gear 34 to obtain the rotation angle of the second gear 33 And direction, so that the angle and direction of the support column 2 can be accurately obtained, so as to control the rotation rate and direction of the hydraulic motor 31, and finally the angle and direction of the support column 2 can be controlled, and the position of the pawl assembly 7 can be adjusted more accurately In order to mine coal.
  • a corresponding protective shell can be provided to cover the first gear 32, the second gear 33, the third gear 34, etc. to protect them.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines further includes: a first oil cylinder fixing assembly.
  • the first oil cylinder fixing assembly includes two oppositely arranged first fixing plates 36, a first oil cylinder clamping plate 37, a first piston rod clamping plate 38 and a first guide shaft 39.
  • One ends of the two first fixing plates 36 are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the supporting column 2.
  • the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder 4 is located between the two first fixing plates 36, and the cylinder end of the first oil cylinder 4 is axially connected with the other ends of the two first fixing plates 36, so that the first oil cylinder 4 can go around the The shaft turns.
  • the first cylinder clamping plate 37 is clamped on the cylinder barrel of the first cylinder 4.
  • the first piston rod clamping plate 38 is clamped on the piston rod of the first oil cylinder 4.
  • One end of the first guide shaft 39 is connected to the first piston rod clamping plate 38.
  • the other end of the first guide shaft 39 passes through the first cylinder clamp 37.
  • the first piston rod clamping plate 38 prevents the piston rod of the first cylinder 4 from rotating around its central axis, thereby facilitating the control of the boom 3.
  • the first guide shaft 39 can move with the movement of the piston rod of the first cylinder 4 under the drive of the first piston rod clamping plate 38, which not only does not restrict the movement of the piston rod of the first cylinder 4, but also can further avoid the The piston rod of an oil cylinder 4 rotates around its central axis.
  • the boom 3 includes: a first boom section and a second boom section.
  • One end of the first boom section is axially connected with the other end of the support column 2.
  • the other end of the first boom section is connected to one end of the second boom section.
  • the other end of the second big arm section is axially connected with one end of the forearm 5.
  • the angle between the first boom section and the second boom section is an obtuse angle, forming a broken line shape.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines further includes: a second cylinder fixing assembly.
  • the second oil cylinder fixing assembly includes: a second oil cylinder clamping plate 40, a second piston rod clamping plate 41 and a second guide shaft 42.
  • the cylinder end of the second oil cylinder 6 is axially connected with the other end of the first boom section.
  • the second cylinder clamping plate 40 is clamped on the cylinder barrel of the second cylinder 6.
  • the second piston rod clamping plate 41 is clamped on the piston rod of the second oil cylinder 6.
  • One end of the second guide shaft 42 is connected to the second piston rod clamping plate 41.
  • the other end of the second guide shaft 42 passes through the second cylinder clamping plate 40.
  • the second piston rod clamping plate 41 prevents the piston rod of the second cylinder 6 from rotating around its central axis, thereby facilitating the control of the forearm 5.
  • the second guide shaft 42 can move with the movement of the piston rod of the second cylinder 6 under the drive of the second piston rod clamping plate 41, which not only does not restrict the movement of the piston rod of the second cylinder 6, but can further avoid the The piston rod of the second oil cylinder 6 rotates around its central axis.
  • the first oil cylinder 4 and the second oil cylinder 6 can be provided with a cable displacement measuring sensor, so that the displacement of the piston rods of the first oil cylinder 4 and the second oil cylinder 6 can be measured, so as to more accurately control the boom 3 and the forearm 5 Angle of rotation.
  • the claw assembly 7 includes: a third oil cylinder 43, a transmission rack 44, two fourth gears 45, two third rotating shafts and two claw parts 46.
  • the piston rod end of the third oil cylinder 43 is connected to one end of the transmission rack 44.
  • Two opposite sides of the transmission rack 44 have teeth.
  • the two fourth gears 45 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission rack 44, and each fourth gear 45 meshes with a tooth portion on a corresponding side of the transmission rack 44.
  • Each third rotating shaft passes through each fourth gear 45, and two ends of each third rotating shaft are connected with two side walls of one end of each claw portion 46.
  • the two claw parts 46 are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the third oil cylinder 43 pushes the transmission rack 44 to move, the transmission rack 44 drives the two fourth gears 45 to rotate synchronously, and the two fourth gears 45 respectively drive the two third shafts to rotate synchronously.
  • the three rotating shafts respectively drive the two claw parts 46 to open or close to complete coal mining. Specifically, taking the direction of FIG. 8 as a reference, when the transmission rack 44 moves downward, the two pawls 46 are opened; when the transmission rack 44 moves upward, the two paws 46 are closed.
  • the gripper assembly 7 further includes: two rubber plates 47.
  • Each rubber plate 47 is provided on the surface of each hand claw portion 46 opposite to the other hand claw portion 46.
  • the claw assembly 7 further includes a hollow shell 48.
  • the end surfaces at both ends of the third rotating shaft are fixed on the two opposite inner side walls of the hollow shell 48.
  • the transmission rack 44 and the fourth gear 45 are located in the hollow housing 48. It should be understood that the other end of the claw portion 46 extends out of the hollow housing 48.
  • the hollow shell 48 can provide protection for the transmission rack 44 and the fourth gear 45 and the like. It should be understood that the shape of the hollow shell 48 can be designed according to the shape and the opening range of the claw portion 46 to prevent the hollow shell 48 from interfering with the movement of the claw portion 46.
  • the gripper assembly 7 further includes a mounting bracket 49.
  • One side of the mounting bracket 49 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 8.
  • the other side of the mounting bracket 49 is connected with an outer side wall of the hollow shell 48, so that the pawl assembly 7 is mounted on the connecting rod 8.
  • the gripper assembly 7 further includes: a hollow connecting bracket 50.
  • One outer side wall of the hollow connecting bracket 50 is connected to the opposite side surface of the mounting bracket 49 connected to the connecting rod 8, and the outer side wall of the hollow housing 48 is close to the third cylinder 43 and the inner side of the hollow connecting bracket 50 The walls are connected, so that the gripper assembly 7 is installed on the connecting rod 8.
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines may further include: a central control unit.
  • the central control unit is used to coordinately control the first cylinder 4, the second cylinder 6, the third cylinder 43, the hydraulic motor 31, the first motor 10 (or the third motor 18) and the second motor 12 (or the fourth motor 26),
  • first cylinder 4 the second cylinder 6, the third cylinder 43, the hydraulic motor 31, the first motor 10 (or the third motor 18) and the second motor 12 (or the fourth motor 26)
  • the manipulator device used in underground coal mines of the embodiment of the present invention can replace manual loading and unloading operations, and overcome the disadvantages of manual loading and unloading; at the same time, it is a hybrid that integrates electric and hydraulic drives.
  • the power manipulator device, the body is hydraulically driven, and the claws are driven by electric motors, which can not only exert the advantages of large hydraulic output, but also reduce the volume and load of the claws, and the control is flexible. It opens up a new kind of technology to fill this gap in the coal mine field. Ideas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manipulator (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，支撑柱（2）的一端可转动地设置在底座（1）上；大臂（3）的一端与支撑杆（2）的另一端通过第一销轴连接，第一油缸（4）的缸筒端与支撑杆（2）的侧壁轴连，第一油缸（4）的活塞杆端与大臂（3）连接；小臂（5）的一端与大臂（3）的另一端通过第二销轴连接，第二油缸（6）的缸筒端与大臂（3）轴连，第二油缸（6）的活塞杆端与小臂（5）的一端连接；手爪组件（7）与小臂（5）的另一端通过连接组件连接，连接组件包括：连接杆（8）、第一电机驱动部和第二电机驱动部；手爪组件（7）设置在连接杆（8）上；第一电机驱动部用于驱动连接杆（8）绕连接杆（8）的中心转动；第二电机驱动部用于驱动连接杆（8）在俯仰向转动。该装置既能发挥液压出力大的优点，又能减小爪部的体积和负载，控制灵活且精度高。

Description

用于煤矿井下的机械手装置
本申请基于申请号为201910582211.3、申请日为2019年6月30日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及采煤技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置。
背景技术
现有井下采煤主要依靠煤矿工人人工作业，效率低，劳动强度大，并且煤矿工人长期工作在潮湿、充满粉尘的恶劣环境里，长时间、高负荷工作，严重影响到他们的身体健康，甚至有生命危险。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，以解决现有井下采煤主要依靠煤矿工人人工作业，效率低，劳动强度大，危险性高的问题。
本发明实施例提供一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，包括：底座、支撑柱、大臂、第一油缸、小臂、第二油缸、手爪组件和连接组件；所述支撑柱的一端可转动地设置在所述底座上；所述大臂的一端与所述支撑柱的另一端通过第一销轴连接，所述第一油缸的缸筒端与所述支撑柱的侧壁轴连，所述第一油缸的活塞杆端与所述大臂连接，所述第一油缸驱动所述大臂绕所述第一销轴转动；所述小臂的一端与所述大臂的另一端通过第二销轴连接，所述第二油缸的缸筒端与所述大臂轴连，所述第二油缸的活塞杆端与所述小臂的 一端连接，所述第二油缸驱动所述小臂绕所述第二销轴转动；所述手爪组件与所述小臂的另一端通过所述连接组件连接，其中，所述连接组件包括：连接杆、第一电机驱动部和第二电机驱动部；所述手爪组件设置在所述连接杆上；所述第一电机驱动部用于驱动所述连接杆绕所述连接杆的中心转动；所述第二电机驱动部用于驱动所述连接杆在俯仰向转动。
进一步，所述连接组件还包括：两个相对设置的连接板和两个第一转轴，两个所述连接板的一端固定设置在所述连接杆上，两个所述连接板的另一端分别通过两个所述第一转轴与所述小臂的另一端的两侧壁轴连，且所述小臂的另一端位于两个所述连接板之间；所述第一电机驱动部包括：第一电机和第一减速器，所述第一电机设置在所述连接杆上，所述第一电机的输出端与所述第一减速器的输入端轴连，所述第一减速器的输出端与所述连接杆的中心连接；所述第二电机驱动部包括：第二电机、第二减速器、第一同步带轮、第二同步带轮和第一同步带，所述第二电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第二电机的输出端与所述第二减速器的输入端轴连，所述第二减速器的输出端上套接有所述第一同步带轮，所述第一同步带轮通过所述第一同步带与所述第二同步带轮连接，所述第二同步带轮套接在同侧的所述第一转轴的一端上。
进一步，所述连接组件还包括：四边形连接架，所述四边形连接架的两侧壁与所述小臂的另一端轴连；所述第一电机驱动部包括：第三电机、第三同步带轮、第四同步带轮、第二同步带、第二转轴、第一伞齿轮、第二伞齿轮和第三减速器，所述第三电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第三电机的输出端上套接有所述第三同步带轮，所述第三同步带轮与所述第四同步带轮通过所述第二同步带连接，所述第四同步带轮套接在所述第二转轴的一端上，所述第二转轴穿过所述四边形连接架的一侧壁，所述第二转轴的另一端上套接有所述第一伞齿轮，所述第一伞齿轮与所述第二伞齿轮啮合， 所述第一伞齿轮和所述第二伞齿轮位于所述四边形连接架的内侧，所述第三减速器设置在所述四边形连接架的与所述连接杆相对的表面上，所述第三减速器的输入端穿过所述四边形连接架的与所述连接杆相对的表面，且所述第三减速器的输入端上套接有所述第二伞齿轮，所述第三减速器的输出端连接所述连接杆的中心；所述第二电机驱动部包括：第四电机、第五同步带轮、第六同步带轮、第三同步带和第四减速器，所述第四电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第四电机的输出端上套接有所述第五同步带轮，所述第五同步带轮与所述第六同步带轮通过所述第三同步带连接，所述第六同步带轮套接在所述第四减速器的输入端上，所述第四减速器设置在所述四边形连接架的另一侧壁的外表面上。
进一步，所述用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：液压马达、第一齿轮和第二齿轮；所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮位于所述底座上，所述液压马达的输出端上套接有所述第一齿轮，所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合，所述支撑柱的一端设置在所述第二齿轮上。
进一步，所述用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第三齿轮和传感器，所述第三齿轮位于所述底座上，所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合，所述第三齿轮上设置所述传感器。
进一步，所述用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第一油缸固定组件，所述第一油缸固定组件包括：两个相对设置的第一固定板、第一油缸卡板、第一活塞杆卡板和第一导向轴，两个所述第一固定板的一端固定设置在所述支撑柱的侧壁上，所述第一油缸的缸筒端位于两个所述第一固定板之间，且所述第一油缸的缸筒端与两个所述第一固定板的另一端轴连，所述第一油缸卡板卡接在所述第一油缸的缸筒上，所述第一活塞杆卡板卡接在所述第一油缸的活塞杆上，所述第一导向轴的一端连接所述第一活塞杆卡板，所述第一导向轴的另一端穿过所述第一油缸卡板。
进一步，所述大臂包括：第一大臂段和第二大臂段，所述第一大臂段的一端与所述支撑柱的另一端轴连，所述第一大臂段的另一端连接所述第二大臂段的一端，所述第二大臂段的另一端与所述小臂的一端轴连，所述第一大臂段和所述第二大臂段之间的夹角为钝角。
进一步，所述用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第二油缸固定组件，所述第二油缸固定组件包括：第二油缸卡板、第二活塞杆卡板和第二导向轴，所述第二油缸的缸筒端与所述第一大臂段的另一端轴连，所述第二油缸卡板卡接在所述第二油缸的缸筒上，所述第二活塞杆卡板卡接在所述第二油缸的活塞杆上，所述第二导向轴的一端连接所述第二活塞杆卡板，所述第二导向轴的另一端穿过所述第二油缸卡板。
进一步，所述手爪组件包括：第三油缸、传动齿条、两个第四齿轮、两个第三转轴和两个手爪部；所述第三油缸的活塞杆端与所述传动齿条的一端连接，所述传动齿条的一相对的两个侧面均具有齿部，两个所述第四齿轮对称设置在所述传动齿条的两侧，且每一所述第四齿轮与所述传动齿条的对应一侧的所述齿部啮合，每一所述第三转轴穿过每一所述第四齿轮，且每一所述第三转轴的两端与每一所述手爪部的一端的两侧壁连接，两个所述手爪部相对设置。
进一步，所述手爪组件还包括：两个橡胶板，每一所述橡胶板设置在每一所述手爪部的与另一所述手爪部相对的表面上。
本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其组件可以在多个维度转动，从而便于根据实际需求调整该装置的状态，更高效地采集煤炭；且由于采用油缸与电机的混合动力驱动，通过油缸驱动臂部的转动，通过电机驱动爪部的动作，既能发挥液压出力大的优点，又能减小爪部的体积和负载，控制灵活且精度高。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明一优选实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的连接组件的结构示意图；
图3是本发明另一优选实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的连接组件的外形结构示意图；
图4是本发明另一优选实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的连接组件的传动结构的示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的底座及支撑柱的连接结构的示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的油缸的导向结构的示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的手爪组件的外形结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置的手爪组件的传动结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创 造性劳动前提下所获取的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例公开了一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置。如图1所示，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置包括：底座1、支撑柱2、大臂3、第一油缸4、小臂5、第二油缸6、手爪组件7和连接组件。
支撑柱2的一端可转动地设置在底座1上，使得支撑柱2可以绕支撑柱2的中心轴线转动。应当理解的是，所述的支撑柱2的中心轴线是沿支撑柱2的长度方向延伸的轴线。
大臂3的一端与支撑柱2的另一端通过第一销轴连接。第一油缸4的缸筒端与支撑柱2的侧壁轴连。第一油缸4的活塞杆端与大臂3连接。应当理解的是，第一油缸4的活塞杆端与大臂3的连接位置可根据所需大臂3的转动角度范围、大臂3的选型等等来设置。在本发明一优选的实施例中，大臂3为折线形，第一油缸4的活塞杆端与大臂3的中部左右的位置连接。第一油缸4驱动大臂3绕第一销轴转动。
小臂5的一端与大臂3的另一端通过第二销轴连接。第二油缸6的缸筒端与大臂3轴连。应当理解的是，第二油缸6的缸筒端与大臂3的连接位置可根据所需小臂5的转动角度范围、大臂3的选型等等来设置。在本发明一优选的实施例中，大臂3为折线形，第二油缸6的缸筒端与大臂3的中部左右的位置连接。第二油缸6的活塞杆端与小臂5的一端连接。第二油缸6驱动小臂5绕第二销轴转动。
手爪组件7与小臂5的另一端通过连接组件连接。手爪组件7用于夹住煤块。优选的，手爪组件7的数量为两个。
具体的，连接组件包括：连接杆8、第一电机驱动部和第二电机驱动部。手爪组件7设置在连接杆8上。优选的，两个手爪组件7对称设置在连接杆8的两端。第一电机驱动部用于驱动连接杆8绕连接杆的中心转动。应当理解的是，所述的连接杆8的中心指的是连接杆8的长度方向上的中心位置。 第二电机驱动部用于驱动连接杆8在俯仰向转动。应当理解是的，所述的在俯仰向转动指的是在竖直方向的转动。
通过上述的结构设计，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其组件可以在多个维度转动，从而便于根据实际需求调整该装置的状态，更高效地采集煤炭；且由于采用油缸与电机的混合动力驱动，通过油缸驱动臂部的转动，通过电机驱动爪部的动作，既能发挥液压出力大的优点，又能减小爪部的体积和负载，控制灵活且精度高。
在本发明一优选的实施例中，如图2所示，连接组件还包括：两个相对设置的连接板9和两个第一转轴。两个连接板9的一端固定设置在连接杆8上。两个连接板9的另一端分别通过两个第一转轴与小臂5的另一端的两侧壁轴连，且小臂5的另一端位于两个连接板9之间。
第一电机驱动部包括：第一电机10和第一减速器11。第一电机10设置在连接杆8上。第一电机10的输出端与第一减速器11的输入端轴连。第一减速器11的输出端与连接杆8的中心连接。优选的，为了提高安全性，可设置第一电机保护壳保护第一电机10。
启动第一电机10，第一电机10向第一减速器11传动，第一减速器11的输出端转动，从而带动连接杆8绕连接杆8的中心转动，从而可实现手爪组件7在平行于连接杆8的平面上转动。
第二电机驱动部包括：第二电机12、第二减速器13、第一同步带轮14、第二同步带轮15和第一同步带16。第二电机12设置在小臂5的另一端的壳体内。第二电机12的输出端与第二减速器13的输入端轴连。第二减速器13的输出端上套接有第一同步带轮14。第一同步带轮14通过第一同步带16与第二同步带轮15连接。第二同步带轮15套接在第一转轴的一端上。
启动第二电机12，第二电机12向第二减速器13传动，第二减速器13的输出端转动，带动第一同步带轮14转动，第一同步带轮14向第一同步带 16传动，第一同步带16带动第二同步带轮15转动，第二同步带轮15带动第一转轴转动，第一转轴带动连接板9绕第一转轴转动，连接板9带动连接杆8在俯仰向转动，从而实现手爪组件7在俯仰向的转动。
此外，第二电机12设置在小臂5的壳体内，不仅利用小臂5本身对第二电机12起到保护作用，并可防爆，提高安全性；此外，无需额外设置第二电机12的外壳，简化了整体结构，节省了空间，更有利于在井下使用。
在本发明另一优选的实施例中，如图3和4所示，连接组件还包括：四边形连接架17。四边形连接架17的两侧壁与小臂5的另一端轴连。
第一电机驱动部包括：第三电机18、第三同步带轮19、第四同步带轮20、第二同步带21、第二转轴22、第一伞齿轮23、第二伞齿轮24和第三减速器25。第三电机18设置在小臂5的另一端的壳体内。第三电机18的输出端上套接有第三同步带轮19。第三同步带轮19与第四同步带轮20通过第二同步带21连接。第四同步带轮20套接在第二转轴22的一端上。第二转轴22穿过四边形连接架17的一侧壁。第二转轴22的另一端上套接有第一伞齿轮23。第一伞齿轮23与第二伞齿轮24啮合。第一伞齿轮23和第二伞齿轮24位于四边形连接架17的内侧。第三减速器25设置在四边形连接架17的与连接杆8相对的表面上。第三减速器25的输入端穿过四边形连接架17的与连接杆8相对的表面，且第三减速器25的输入端上套接有第二伞齿轮24。第三减速器25的输出端连接连接杆8的中心。
启动第三电机18，第三电机18带动第三同步带轮19转动，第三同步带轮19向第二同步带21传动，第二同步带21带动第四同步带轮20转动，第四同步带轮20带动第二转轴22转动，第二转轴22带动第一伞齿轮23转动，第一伞齿轮23带动第二伞齿轮24转动，第二伞齿轮24传动到第三减速器25，第三减速器25带动连接杆8绕连接杆8的中心转动，从而可实现手爪组件7在平行于连接杆8的平面上转动。
第二电机驱动部包括：第四电机26、第五同步带轮27、第六同步带轮28、第三同步带29和第四减速器30。第四电机26设置在小臂5的另一端的壳体内。第四电机26的输出端上套接有第五同步带轮27。第五同步带轮27与第六同步带轮28通过第三同步带29连接。第六同步带轮28套接在第四减速器30的输入端上。第四减速器30设置在四边形连接架17的另一侧壁的外表面上。第四减速器30输出端与四边形连接架17的另一侧壁的外表面连接。
启动第四电机26，第四电机26带动第五同步带轮27转动，第五同步带轮27向第三同步带29传动，第三同步带29带动第六同步带轮28转动，第六同步带轮28传动到第四减速器30，第四减速器30带动四边形连接架17绕四边形连接架17与小臂5的连接轴转动，使四边形连接架17带动连接杆8在俯仰向转动，从而实现手爪组件7在俯仰向的转动。
该优选实施例由于将第三电机18和第四电机26都安装在了小臂5的壳体内，不仅利用小臂5本身对第三电机18和第四电机26起到保护作用，并可防爆，提高安全性，减轻了头部重量；此外，无需额外设置电机的外壳，简化了整体结构，节省了空间，更有利于在井下使用。
优选的，如图5所示，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：液压马达31、第一齿轮32和第二齿轮33。第一齿轮32和第二齿轮33位于底座1上。液压马达31的输出端上套接有第一齿轮32。第一齿轮32与第二齿轮33啮合。从功能上说，第一齿轮32为主动轮，第二齿轮33为从动轮。支撑柱2的一端设置在第二齿轮33上。在本发明一优选的实施例中，液压马达31可配合减速机使用，从而可以较小的外形获得较大的扭矩。
液压马达31启动，可驱动第一齿轮32转动，第一齿轮32带动第二齿轮33转动，第二齿轮33带动支撑柱2转动。优选的，液压马达31使支撑柱2可正转和反转180度。
优选的，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第三齿轮34和传感器35。第三齿轮34位于底座1上，具体的，与底座1的上表面轴连。第三齿轮34与第二齿轮33啮合。第三齿轮33上设置传感器35。
通过该结构设计，第二齿轮33转动时，也会带动第三齿轮34转动，第三齿轮34上的传感器35可采集第三齿轮34转动的角度和方向，以得到第二齿轮33转动的角度和方向，从而可精确地得到支撑柱2转动的角度和方向，以便控制液压马达31的转动速率和方向，最终可控制支撑柱2转动的角度和方向，更精确地调整手爪组件7的位置，以便采煤。
应当理解的是，可设置相应的保护壳包覆第一齿轮32、第二齿轮33和第三齿轮34等等，以对其进行保护。
优选的，如图6所示，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第一油缸固定组件。具体的，第一油缸固定组件包括：两个相对设置的第一固定板36、第一油缸卡板37、第一活塞杆卡板38和第一导向轴39。两个第一固定板36的一端固定设置在支撑柱2的侧壁上。第一油缸4的缸筒端位于两个第一固定板36之间，且第一油缸4的缸筒端与两个第一固定板36的另一端轴连，使得第一油缸4可绕该轴转动。第一油缸卡板37卡接在第一油缸4的缸筒上。第一活塞杆卡板38卡接在第一油缸4的活塞杆上。第一导向轴39的一端连接第一活塞杆卡板38。第一导向轴39的另一端穿过第一油缸卡板37。
通过该结构设计，第一活塞杆卡板38使得第一油缸4的活塞杆不能绕其中心轴线转动，从而有利于对大臂3的控制。第一导向轴39可在第一活塞杆卡板38的带动下随着第一油缸4的活塞杆的移动而移动，不仅不会限制第一油缸4的活塞杆的移动，而且能进一步避免第一油缸4的活塞杆绕其中心轴线转动。
在本发明一优选的实施例中，大臂3包括：第一大臂段和第二大臂段。第一大臂段的一端与支撑柱2的另一端轴连。第一大臂段的另一端连接第二 大臂段的一端。第二大臂段的另一端与小臂5的一端轴连。第一大臂段和第二大臂段之间的夹角为钝角，形成折线形。
优选的，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还包括：第二油缸固定组件。第二油缸固定组件包括：第二油缸卡板40、第二活塞杆卡板41和第二导向轴42。第二油缸6的缸筒端与第一大臂段的另一端轴连。第二油缸卡板40卡接在第二油缸6的缸筒上。第二活塞杆卡板41卡接在第二油缸6的活塞杆上。第二导向轴42的一端连接第二活塞杆卡板41。第二导向轴42的另一端穿过第二油缸卡板40。
通过该结构设计，第二活塞杆卡板41使得第二油缸6的活塞杆不能绕其中心轴线转动，从而有利于对小臂5的控制。第二导向轴42可在第二活塞杆卡板41的带动下随着第二油缸6的活塞杆的移动而移动，不仅不会限制第二油缸6的活塞杆的移动，而且能进一步避免第二油缸6的活塞杆绕其中心轴线转动。
优选的，第一油缸4和第二油缸6可设置拉线位移测量传感器，从而可测量第一油缸4和第二油缸6的活塞杆的位移，以便更加精确地控制大臂3和小臂5的转动角度。
优选的，如图3、7和8所示，手爪组件7包括：第三油缸43、传动齿条44、两个第四齿轮45、两个第三转轴和两个手爪部46。第三油缸43的活塞杆端与传动齿条44的一端连接。传动齿条44的一相对的两个侧面均具有齿部。两个第四齿轮45对称设置在传动齿条44的两侧，且每一第四齿轮45与传动齿条44的对应一侧的齿部啮合。每一第三转轴穿过每一第四齿轮45，且每一第三转轴的两端与每一手爪部46的一端的两侧壁连接。两个手爪部46相对设置。
启动第三油缸43，第三油缸43推动传动齿条44移动，传动齿条44带动两个第四齿轮45同步转动，两个第四齿轮45分别带动两个第三转轴同步 转动，两个第三转轴分别带动两个手爪部46张开或者闭合，完成采煤。具体的，以图8的方向作参考，当传动齿条44向下运动时，两个手爪部46张开；当传动齿条44向上运动时，两个手爪部46闭合。
更优选的，手爪组件7还包括：两个橡胶板47。每一橡胶板47设置在每一手爪部46的与另一手爪部46相对的表面上。
通过设置橡胶板47，不仅可对手爪部46进行保护，而且橡胶的摩擦力大，更有利于手爪部46稳固抓紧煤块。
具体的，手爪组件7还包括：中空壳体48。第三转轴的两端的端面固定在中空壳体48的两相对的内侧壁上。传动齿条44和第四齿轮45位于中空壳体48内。应当理解的是，手爪部46的另一端伸出中空壳体48。
中空壳体48可对传动齿条44和第四齿轮45等提供保护。应当理解的是，可根据手爪部46的形状及张开范围设计中空壳体48的形状，避免中空壳体48干扰手爪部46的运动。
具体的，该手爪组件7还包括：安装支架49。安装支架49的一侧面与连接杆8的一端连接。安装支架49的另一侧面与中空壳体48的一外侧壁连接，从而将手爪组件7安装在连接杆8上。
更优选的，该手爪组件7还包括：中空连接支架50。中空连接支架50的一外侧壁与安装支架49的与连接杆8连接的侧面的相对的另一侧面连接，中空壳体48的外侧壁靠近第三油缸43的一端与中空连接支架50的内侧壁连接，从而将手爪组件7安装在连接杆8上。
优选的，该用于煤矿井下的机械手装置还可以包括：中控单元。中控单元用于协调控制第一油缸4、第二油缸6、第三油缸43、液压马达31、第一电机10(或第三电机18)和第二电机12(或第四电机26)，从而可更高效地采集煤炭。
综上，本发明实施例的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，可替代人工进行装 料、卸料等操作，克服人工装、卸料的弊端；同时是一款集电动、液压驱动为一体的混合动力机械手装置，本体为液压驱动，爪部采用电机驱动，既能发挥液压出力大的优点，又减小爪部的体积和负载，控制灵活，为填补煤矿领域这一空白技术开辟了一种全新的思路。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，包括：底座、支撑柱、大臂、第一油缸、小臂、第二油缸、手爪组件和连接组件；
    所述支撑柱的一端可转动地设置在所述底座上；
    所述大臂的一端与所述支撑柱的另一端通过第一销轴连接，所述第一油缸的缸筒端与所述支撑柱的侧壁轴连，所述第一油缸的活塞杆端与所述大臂连接，所述第一油缸驱动所述大臂绕所述第一销轴转动；
    所述小臂的一端与所述大臂的另一端通过第二销轴连接，所述第二油缸的缸筒端与所述大臂轴连，所述第二油缸的活塞杆端与所述小臂的一端连接，所述第二油缸驱动所述小臂绕所述第二销轴转动；
    所述手爪组件与所述小臂的另一端通过所述连接组件连接，其中，所述连接组件包括：连接杆、第一电机驱动部和第二电机驱动部；所述手爪组件设置在所述连接杆上；所述第一电机驱动部用于驱动所述连接杆绕所述连接杆的中心转动；所述第二电机驱动部用于驱动所述连接杆在俯仰向转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，所述连接组件还包括：两个相对设置的连接板和两个第一转轴，两个所述连接板的一端固定设置在所述连接杆上，两个所述连接板的另一端分别通过两个所述第一转轴与所述小臂的另一端的两侧壁轴连，且所述小臂的另一端位于两个所述连接板之间；
    所述第一电机驱动部包括：第一电机和第一减速器，所述第一电机设置在所述连接杆上，所述第一电机的输出端与所述第一减速器的输入端轴连，所述第一减速器的输出端与所述连接杆的中心连接；
    所述第二电机驱动部包括：第二电机、第二减速器、第一同步带轮、第二同步带轮和第一同步带，所述第二电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第二电机的输出端与所述第二减速器的输入端轴连，所述第二减速器的输出端上套接有所述第一同步带轮，所述第一同步带轮通过所述第一同步带 与所述第二同步带轮连接，所述第二同步带轮套接在同侧的所述第一转轴的一端上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，所述连接组件还包括：四边形连接架，所述四边形连接架的两侧壁与所述小臂的另一端轴连；
    所述第一电机驱动部包括：第三电机、第三同步带轮、第四同步带轮、第二同步带、第二转轴、第一伞齿轮、第二伞齿轮和第三减速器，所述第三电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第三电机的输出端上套接有所述第三同步带轮，所述第三同步带轮与所述第四同步带轮通过所述第二同步带连接，所述第四同步带轮套接在所述第二转轴的一端上，所述第二转轴穿过所述四边形连接架的一侧壁，所述第二转轴的另一端上套接有所述第一伞齿轮，所述第一伞齿轮与所述第二伞齿轮啮合，所述第一伞齿轮和所述第二伞齿轮位于所述四边形连接架的内侧，所述第三减速器设置在所述四边形连接架的与所述连接杆相对的表面上，所述第三减速器的输入端穿过所述四边形连接架的与所述连接杆相对的表面，且所述第三减速器的输入端上套接有所述第二伞齿轮，所述第三减速器的输出端连接所述连接杆的中心；
    所述第二电机驱动部包括：第四电机、第五同步带轮、第六同步带轮、第三同步带和第四减速器，所述第四电机设置在所述小臂的另一端的壳体内，所述第四电机的输出端上套接有所述第五同步带轮，所述第五同步带轮与所述第六同步带轮通过所述第三同步带连接，所述第六同步带轮套接在所述第四减速器的输入端上，所述第四减速器设置在所述四边形连接架的另一侧壁的外表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，还包括：液压马达、第一齿轮和第二齿轮；所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮位于所述底座上，所述液压马达的输出端上套接有所述第一齿轮，所述第一齿 轮与所述第二齿轮啮合，所述支撑柱的一端设置在所述第二齿轮上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，还包括：第三齿轮和传感器，所述第三齿轮位于所述底座上，所述第三齿轮与所述第二齿轮啮合，所述第三齿轮上设置所述传感器。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，还包括：第一油缸固定组件，所述第一油缸固定组件包括：两个相对设置的第一固定板、第一油缸卡板、第一活塞杆卡板和第一导向轴，两个所述第一固定板的一端固定设置在所述支撑柱的侧壁上，所述第一油缸的缸筒端位于两个所述第一固定板之间，且所述第一油缸的缸筒端与两个所述第一固定板的另一端轴连，所述第一油缸卡板卡接在所述第一油缸的缸筒上，所述第一活塞杆卡板卡接在所述第一油缸的活塞杆上，所述第一导向轴的一端连接所述第一活塞杆卡板，所述第一导向轴的另一端穿过所述第一油缸卡板。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，所述大臂包括：第一大臂段和第二大臂段，所述第一大臂段的一端与所述支撑柱的另一端轴连，所述第一大臂段的另一端连接所述第二大臂段的一端，所述第二大臂段的另一端与所述小臂的一端轴连，所述第一大臂段和所述第二大臂段之间的夹角为钝角。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，还包括：第二油缸固定组件，所述第二油缸固定组件包括：第二油缸卡板、第二活塞杆卡板和第二导向轴，所述第二油缸的缸筒端与所述第一大臂段的另一端轴连，所述第二油缸卡板卡接在所述第二油缸的缸筒上，所述第二活塞杆卡板卡接在所述第二油缸的活塞杆上，所述第二导向轴的一端连接所述第二活塞杆卡板，所述第二导向轴的另一端穿过所述第二油缸卡板。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，所述手爪组件包括：第三油缸、传动齿条、两个第四齿轮、两个第三转轴和 两个手爪部；所述第三油缸的活塞杆端与所述传动齿条的一端连接，所述传动齿条的一相对的两个侧面均具有齿部，两个所述第四齿轮对称设置在所述传动齿条的两侧，且每一所述第四齿轮与所述传动齿条的对应一侧的所述齿部啮合，每一所述第三转轴穿过每一所述第四齿轮，且每一所述第三转轴的两端与每一所述手爪部的一端的两侧壁连接，两个所述手爪部相对设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于煤矿井下的机械手装置，其特征在于，所述手爪组件还包括：两个橡胶板，每一所述橡胶板设置在每一所述手爪部的与另一所述手爪部相对的表面上。
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