WO2020259072A1 - 一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺 - Google Patents
一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020259072A1 WO2020259072A1 PCT/CN2020/087769 CN2020087769W WO2020259072A1 WO 2020259072 A1 WO2020259072 A1 WO 2020259072A1 CN 2020087769 W CN2020087769 W CN 2020087769W WO 2020259072 A1 WO2020259072 A1 WO 2020259072A1
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- coal
- oil
- waste
- water
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 133
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 92
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000357 carcinogen Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003183 carcinogenic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010822 slaughterhouse waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
- B03D1/1462—Discharge mechanisms for the froth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/1443—Feed or discharge mechanisms for flotation tanks
- B03D1/1468—Discharge mechanisms for the sediments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/14—Flotation machines
- B03D1/16—Flotation machines with impellers; Subaeration machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
- B03D2203/08—Coal ores, fly ash or soot
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device and a process for separating waste fats and oils for coal, in particular to a device and a process for applying waste fats such as frying oil, waste oil, slop oil and the like to coal slime separation. It belongs to the field of waste utilization technology.
- waste oils such as frying oil, waste oil, and swill oil are produced, and its safety hazards are generally concerned by the society.
- waste oils such as frying oil, waste oil, and swill oil are produced, and its safety hazards are generally concerned by the society.
- Part of the waste fats and oils were processed and refined into "edible oil” by black-hearted traders through illegal channels and then flowed into the market and returned to the table.
- animal and vegetable oils undergo high-temperature oxidation, they will produce highly toxic carcinogens such as aflatoxin and benzopyrene, which cause great harm to human health. Therefore, the comprehensive utilization of waste fats and oils benefits and protects people's healthy lives, and has important social significance.
- Coal separation is an effective method for efficient utilization of coal resources, including the main processes of gravity coal separation and foam flotation.
- the foam flotation method is mainly used to extract clean coal.
- the factors affecting flotation are the degree of coal metamorphism, coal pore structure and oxygen-containing functional groups.
- Chinese invention patent CN 106984440A believes that the porosity of coal is the key factor that determines its floatability, and it also determines its ability to absorb water.
- a device and process for waste oil and fat used in coal flotation have been proposed, which has further developed the technology of all-oil flotation of coal.
- waste oil has its own characteristics that are different from edible oil (especially vegetable oil), such as high viscosity, high density, complex composition, etc. Therefore, the continuous development of new devices and processes has greater significance and practical value for the separation of coal slime. .
- the present invention aims to provide a device and process for separating waste oil and fat for coal, and its purpose is to simultaneously solve the problem of utilization of waste oil and slime, and specifically to provide a device for separating clean coal after the combined action of waste oil and coal And technology, a new method of fine coal separation is proposed.
- the invention provides a device for separating waste grease for coal, including a slime separator, a filter, and a dryer; a baffle is provided on the left side of the slime separator, and the bottom of the baffle is in the water Below the layer, the baffle divides the slime separator into a mixing space and an oil scraping space; the top of the slime separator is equipped with a coal sample inlet and a waste grease inlet on the side.
- the agitator is located on the upper part of the slime separator ,
- the tailings discharge outlet is set at the bottom of the slime separator; there is a water supplement pipe on the side of the mixing space of the slime separator;
- the upper part of the mixing space is a dynamic layer of coal and oil, and the lower part is a static layer of coal, oil and water;
- the bottom of the oil scraping space is equipped with a horizontal mixer and an oil scraping belt;
- the oil scraping space is divided into the lower dynamic water, oil, Coal mixing layer, the middle part is a static water, oil, coal emulsified layer, and the upper part is a static layer of oil;
- the top of the oil scraper belt scrapes the oil and coal mixture out and transports it to the filter. After the filter separates the coal and oil, the coal enters the dryer.
- the present invention provides a process for using the waste grease of the above device for coal separation, which includes the following steps:
- Waste grease enters the mixing space from the waste grease inlet, coal slime enters the mixing space from the coal sample inlet, and the coal and oil are fully mixed through the agitator.
- the oil and coal mixture gradually sinks into the lower water layer by gravity;
- the horizontal mixer sucks the oil-coated coal particles into the lower part of the oil scraping space and mixes with water to form a dynamic mixing layer.
- the oil-coated coal particles gradually move upwards through the water, oil, and coal emulsion layer due to buoyancy. Into the oil layer;
- the bottom of the oil scraper belt is under the mixed water layer to ensure that the coal particles containing gangue are not scraped out.
- the oil scraper belt moves slowly from bottom to top, and the oil-coated coal particles adhere to the oil scraper belt.
- the oil scraping belt rises to the top, and then enters the filter to separate oil and coal; the separated coal enters the dryer to be dried to obtain clean coal with oil absorption;
- Coal particles with a large gangue content absorb less oil and sink to the bottom by gravity and are discharged through the tailings outlet.
- the waste oil is one or more of waste oil, slop oil, frying oil, expired edible oil, and slaughterhouse waste oil.
- the waste oil needs to undergo degumming, impurity removal, deodorization treatment and pour point reduction treatment first, and the water content of the oil is ⁇ 10% and the freezing point is ⁇ 10°C.
- the moisture content of the coal slime is ⁇ 30%, and the coal particle size is ⁇ 0.125mm.
- the invention increases the hydrophobicity of the surface and increases the volume by adsorbing waste grease into the pore structure of the coal, reducing the apparent density and facilitating floating; at the same time, the gangue is hydrophilic and non-lipophilic and separated from the clean coal.
- This method can not only increase the calorific value of the coal and reduce the water content, but also ensure the quality of the clean coal and make the coal preparation process innovative.
- the application of waste fats and oils produced in kitchens to coal slime sorting is an innovative idea to increase the yield of clean coal and an effective way to solve the problem of “turning waste into treasure” of waste fats. It is combined with coal sorting and developed a new idea The process method will achieve major technological innovation.
- the method has a simple operation process, a wide variety of coals, low production cost, and is suitable for industrialization.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for separating waste oil from coal according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 The equipment used for coal separation of waste grease is shown in Figure 1, including slime separator, filter 9, dryer 10;
- a baffle 6 is provided on the left side of the slime separator.
- the bottom end of the baffle 6 is under the water layer.
- the baffle 6 separates the slime separator into a mixing space and an oil scraping space;
- the slime separator includes coal sample inlet 1, waste grease inlet 2, agitator 3, tailings discharge outlet 4, water supplement pipe 5, baffle 6, horizontal mixer 7, oil scraping belt 8; slime separator There is a coal sample inlet 1 on the top and a waste grease inlet 2 on the side.
- the agitator 3 is located on the upper part of the slime separator.
- the tailings discharge outlet 4 is set on the bottom of the slime separator;
- a water supplement pipe 5 is provided on the side of the mixing space,
- the upper part of the mixing space is a dynamic layer of coal and oil, and the lower part is a static layer of coal, oil and water;
- the bottom of the oil scraping space is equipped with a horizontal mixer 7 and an oil scraping belt 8.
- the oil scraping space is divided into a dynamic water, oil, and coal mixing layer at the bottom, a static water, oil, and coal emulsion layer in the middle, and a static oil layer at the top ;
- the top of the oil scraping belt 8 scrapes the oil and coal mixture out and transports it to the filter 9. After the filter 9 separates the coal and oil, the coal enters the dryer 10.
- the water supplement pipe 5 is directly connected to the bottom of the slime separator and is submerged under the water layer.
- This embodiment provides a process for using waste grease in coal separation, including the following steps:
- Waste grease enters the mixing space from the waste grease inlet, coal slime enters the mixing space from the coal sample inlet, and the coal and oil are fully mixed through the agitator.
- the oil and coal mixture gradually sinks into the lower water layer by gravity;
- the horizontal mixer sucks the oil-coated coal particles into the lower part of the oil scraping space and mixes with water to form a dynamic mixing layer.
- the oil-coated coal particles gradually move upwards through the water, oil, and coal emulsion layer due to buoyancy. Into the oil layer;
- the bottom of the oil scraper belt is under the mixed water layer to ensure that the coal particles containing gangue are not scraped out.
- the oil scraper belt moves slowly from bottom to top, and the oil-coated coal particles adhere to the oil scraper belt.
- the oil scraping belt rises to the top, and then enters the filter to separate oil and coal; the separated coal enters the dryer to be dried to obtain clean coal with oil absorption;
- Coal particles with a large gangue content absorb less oil and sink to the bottom by gravity and are discharged through the tailings outlet.
- the waste oil is one or more of waste oil, slop oil, frying oil, expired edible oil, and leftover oil of slaughterhouse.
- the waste grease needs to undergo degumming, impurity removal, deodorization treatment and pour point depressing treatment.
- the water content of the grease is ⁇ 10%, and the freezing point is ⁇ 10°C.
- the moisture content of the raw material slime is less than or equal to 30%, and the coal particle size is less than or equal to 0.125 mm.
- the specific process is: in the empty slime separator, add water to the top of the bottom end of the baffle 6 through the water supplement pipe 5 2cm (2cm higher than the bottom end); then add waste grease into the waste grease inlet 2 to make The liquid level does not stop the stirring blade of the agitator 3, start stirring; then add coal slime from the coal sample inlet 1 to the bottom of the waste grease inlet 2 as the boundary, stop adding coal and continue stirring.
- start the horizontal mixer 7 to suck the oil-containing coal particles into the oil scraping space, and start the oil scraping belt 8; the oily clean coal will drop into the top as the oil scraping belt rises.
- the invention has simple operation process, wide application of coal types, low production cost, is suitable for industrialization promotion, and has industrial practicability.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺。该装置及工艺包括煤泥分选机、过滤机（9）、干燥机（10）；在煤泥分选机偏左侧设有挡板（6），挡板（6）的底端在水层下，挡板（6）将煤泥分选机分隔成搅拌空间和刮油空间；煤泥分选机的顶部设有煤样入口（1），侧面设有废油脂入口（2），搅拌器（3）位于煤泥分选机的上部，煤泥分选机的底部设置尾矿排出口（4）；在煤泥分选机的搅拌空间侧设有水补充管（5）；刮油空间底部设有横式搅拌机（7）、刮油带（8）；刮油带（8）顶部将油和煤混合物刮出输送到过滤机（9），过滤机（9）将煤和油分离后，煤进入干燥机（10）。该装置及工艺将废油脂作为介质应用到煤泥分选中，能够有效的利用废油脂；且该工艺操作流程简单、适用煤种广、生产成本低，适合工业化推广。
Description
本发明涉及一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺，具体涉及一种利用煎炸油、地沟油、潲水油等废油脂应用到煤泥分选的装置及工艺。属于废物利用技术领域。
随着人们生活水平的提高，家庭烹饪及餐饮业发展迅速，大量的诸如煎炸油、地沟油、潲水油等废弃油脂产生，其安全隐患受到社会的普遍关注。部分废弃油脂被黑心商贩通过非法渠道加工提炼成“食用油”再次流入市场，返回餐桌。由于动植物油脂经过高温氧化会产生剧毒的黄曲霉素、苯并芘等致癌物质，这对人类的健康造成极大的危害。因此，对废弃油脂的综合利用是惠及和保障人们的健康生活，具有重要的社会意义。
煤炭分选是高效利用煤炭资源的有效方法，包括重力选煤和泡沫浮选主要工艺。针对-0.5mm的煤泥主要采用泡沫浮选的方法提取精煤，而在煤的泡沫浮选过程中，煤的变质程度不同浮选的差异较大。影响浮选的因素与煤的变质程度、煤孔隙结构和含氧官能团。中国发明专利CN 106984440A认为煤的孔隙度是决定其可浮性的关键因素，而且也决定其吸附水的能力。提出了一种废油脂用于煤浮选的装置及工艺，使煤的全油浮选技术有了进一步的发展。
然而废油脂自身有区别于食用油（特别是植物油）的特点，诸如黏度大、密度高、成分复杂等，所以继续开发新的装置和工艺对煤泥的分选有更大的意义和实用价值。
本发明旨在提供一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺，其目的在于同时解决废油脂和煤泥的利用问题，具体提供一种通过废油脂和煤共同作用后分离精煤的装置及工艺，提出细粒煤分选的新方法。
本发明提供了一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置，包括煤泥分选机、过滤机、干燥机；在煤泥分选机偏左侧设有挡板，挡板的底端在水层下，挡板将煤泥分选机分隔成搅拌空间和刮油空间；煤泥分选机的顶部设有煤样入口，侧面设有废油脂入口，搅拌器位于煤泥分选机的上部，煤泥分选机的底部设置尾矿排出口；在煤泥分选机的搅拌空间侧设有水补充管；
搅拌空间的上部是煤和油混合动态层，下部是煤、油和水混合的静态层；刮油空间底部设有横式搅拌机、刮油带；刮油空间分为下部的动态水、油、煤混合搅拌层，中部为静态水、油、煤乳化层，上部为油的静态层；
所述刮油带顶部将油和煤混合物刮出输送到过滤机，过滤机将煤和油分离后，煤进入干燥机。
本发明提供了一种采用上述装置的废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，包括以下步骤：
（1）在空的煤泥分选机中，通过水补充管加水到挡板的底端上方；
废油脂从废油脂入口进入搅拌空间，煤泥从煤样入口进入搅拌空间，通过搅拌器搅拌使煤和油充分混合，油和煤混合物由重力作用逐渐下沉进入到下部的水层；
（2）横式搅拌机将包了油的煤粒吸入刮油空间下部，并和水混合形成动态的混合层，包了油的精煤粒由于浮力作用逐渐向上运动经过水、油、煤乳化层进入油层；
（3）刮油带底部在混合水层下部，保证含矸石的煤粒不被刮出，刮油带从下往上缓慢运动，包了油的精煤粒粘附到刮油带上，随着刮油带上升到达顶部，再进入过滤机进行油和煤的分离；分离后的煤再进入干燥机干燥后得到吸附油的精煤；
（4）矸石含量大的煤粒吸附油少，由重力作用下沉到底部经尾矿排出口排出。
上述方法中，所述废油脂是地沟油、潲水油、煎炸油、过期食用油、屠宰场下脚料油脂中的一种或几种。
上述方法中，所述废油脂需先经过脱胶、脱杂、脱臭处理并经过降凝处理，油脂中含水率≤10%，凝固点≤10℃。
上述方法中，所述煤泥含水率≤30%，煤粒粒径≤0.125mm。
所述精煤产品的灰分A
d=6.5%，水分M
ad=0.3%；测得高位发热量Q
gr,v,ad=30.52MJ/kg比进料煤泥发热量Q
gr,v,ad=25.97MJ/kg提高了4.55MJ/kg。
本发明通过废油脂吸附到煤炭的孔隙结构中增加其表面疏水性同时增大体积，使视密度减小利于上浮；同时使矸石亲水不亲油与精煤分离。这种方法不仅可以增加煤的发热量且减少含水量，而且保证了精煤质量，使选煤工艺得到革新。将餐厨等产生的废油脂应用到煤泥分选种是一条提高精煤产率的创新思路，是解决废油脂“变废为宝”的有效途径，与煤的分选结合并开发出新的工艺方法将实现重大的技术革新。
本发明一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置及工艺的优点在于：
（1）将废油脂作为介质应用到煤泥分选中，使废油脂变废为宝，开创利用新途径；
（2）创立了新的煤泥分选技术，不再局限于煤泥浮选工艺，提高精煤质量且增加了精煤产品的热值；
（3）该方法操作流程简单、适用煤种广、生产成本低，适合工业化推广。
图1为本发明废油脂用于煤分选的装置的结构示意图。
图中：1为煤样入口；2为废油脂入口；3为搅拌器；4为尾矿排出口；5为水补充管，6为挡板；7为横式搅拌机；8为刮油带；9为过滤机；10为干燥机；11为减速器。
下面通过实施例来进一步说明本发明，但不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1：
废油脂用于煤分选的装置见图1，包括煤泥分选机、过滤机9、干燥机10；
在煤泥分选机偏左侧设有挡板6，挡板6的底端在水层下，挡板6将煤泥分选机分隔成搅拌空间和刮油空间；
煤泥分选机包括煤样入口1、废油脂入口2、搅拌器3、尾矿排出口4、水补充管5、挡板6、横式搅拌机7、刮油带8；煤泥分选机的顶部设有煤样入口1，侧面设有废油脂入口2，搅拌器3位于煤泥分选机的上部，煤泥分选机的底部设置尾矿排出口4；在煤泥分选机的搅拌空间侧设有水补充管5，
搅拌空间的上部是煤和油混合动态层，下部是煤、油和水混合的静态层；
刮油空间底部设有横式搅拌机7、刮油带8；刮油空间分为下部的动态水、油、煤混合搅拌层，中部为静态水、油、煤乳化层，上部为油的静态层；
所述刮油带8顶部将油和煤混合物刮出输送到过滤机9，过滤机9将煤和油分离后，煤进入干燥机10。
所述水补充管5直通煤泥分选机底部没于水层下。
本实施例提供了一种废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，包括以下步骤：
（1）在空的煤泥分选机中，通过水补充管加水到挡板的底端上方；
废油脂从废油脂入口进入搅拌空间，煤泥从煤样入口进入搅拌空间，通过搅拌器搅拌使煤和油充分混合，油和煤混合物由重力作用逐渐下沉进入到下部的水层；
（2）横式搅拌机将包了油的煤粒吸入刮油空间下部，并和水混合形成动态的混合层，包了油的精煤粒由于浮力作用逐渐向上运动经过水、油、煤乳化层进入油层；
（3）刮油带底部在混合水层下部，保证含矸石的煤粒不被刮出，刮油带从下往上缓慢运动，包了油的精煤粒粘附到刮油带上，随着刮油带上升到达顶部，再进入过滤机进行油和煤的分离；分离后的煤再进入干燥机干燥后得到吸附油的精煤；
（4）矸石含量大的煤粒吸附油少，由重力作用下沉到底部经尾矿排出口排出。
所述废油脂是地沟油、潲水油、煎炸油、过期食用油、屠宰场下脚料油脂中的一种或几种。所述废油脂需先经过脱胶、脱杂、脱臭处理并经过降凝处理，油脂中含水率≤10%，凝固点≤10℃。
所述原料煤泥的含水率≤30%，煤粒粒径≤0.125mm。
具体过程为：在空的煤泥分选机中，通过水补充管5加水到挡板6的底端上方2cm（高出底端2cm）；随后从废油脂入口2往里加入废油脂，使液位没住搅拌器3的搅拌桨，开动搅拌；接着从煤样入口1往里加煤泥，以液位达到废油脂入口2底为界，停止加煤，继续搅拌。随着观察黑色的煤粒往下沉到底部，开动横式搅拌机7，将含油煤粒吸入刮油空间，启动刮油带8；含油的精煤随着刮油带的上升到顶部后滴入过滤机9中，油和煤粒逐渐被刮出，液位下降；当油完全被刮完后，开启过滤机9进行过滤，过滤完的煤粒进入干燥机10进行干燥，最后得到精煤产品。工业分析得灰分A
d=6.5%，水分M
ad=0.3%；测得高位发热量Q
gr,v,ad=30.52MJ/kg比进料煤泥发热量Q
gr,v,ad=25.97MJ/kg提高了4.55MJ/kg。
其余的水和煤粒混合物一起从尾矿排出口4，经过滤干燥后得尾矿产品，经工业分析得A
d=75%。
本发明操作流程简单、适用煤种广、生产成本低，适合工业化推广，具有工业实用性。
Claims (6)
- 一种废油脂用于煤分选的装置，其特征在于：包括煤泥分选机、过滤机、干燥机；在煤泥分选机偏左侧设有挡板，挡板的底端在水层下，挡板将煤泥分选机分隔成搅拌空间和刮油空间；煤泥分选机的顶部设有煤样入口，侧面设有废油脂入口，搅拌器位于煤泥分选机的上部，煤泥分选机的底部设置尾矿排出口；在煤泥分选机的搅拌空间侧设有水补充管，搅拌空间的上部是煤和油混合动态层，下部是煤、油和水混合的静态层；刮油空间底部设有横式搅拌机、刮油带；刮油空间分为下部的动态水、油、煤混合搅拌层，中部为静态水、油、煤乳化层，上部为油的静态层；所述刮油带顶部将油和煤混合物刮出输送到过滤机，过滤机将煤和油分离后，煤进入干燥机。
- 根据权利要求1所述的废油脂用于煤分选的装置，其特征在于：所述水补充管底端设置在煤泥分选机的底部没于水层下。
- 一种废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，采用权利要求1或2所述的装置，其特征在于包括以下步骤：（1）在空的煤泥分选机中，通过水补充管加水到挡板的底端上方；废油脂从废油脂入口进入搅拌空间，煤泥从煤样入口进入搅拌空间，通过搅拌器搅拌使煤和油充分混合，油和煤混合物由重力作用逐渐下沉进入到下部的水层；（2）横式搅拌机将包了油的煤粒吸入刮油空间下部，并和水混合形成动态的混合层，包了油的精煤粒由于浮力作用逐渐向上运动经过水、油、煤乳化层进入油层；（3）刮油带底部在混合水层下部，保证含矸石的煤粒不被刮出，刮油带从下往上缓慢运动，包了油的精煤粒粘附到刮油带上，随着刮油带上升到达顶部，再进入过滤机进行油和煤的分离；分离后的煤再进入干燥机干燥后得到吸附油的精煤；（4）矸石含量大的煤粒吸附油少，由重力作用下沉到底部经尾矿排出口排出。
- 根据权利要求3所述的废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，其特征在于：所述废油脂是地沟油、潲水油、煎炸油、过期食用油、屠宰场下脚料油脂中的一种或几种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，其特征在于：所述废油脂需先经过脱胶、脱杂、脱臭处理并经过降凝处理，油脂中含水率≤10%，凝固点≤10℃。
- 根据权利要求3所述的废油脂用于煤分选的工艺，其特征在于：原料煤泥的含水率≤30%，煤粒粒径≤0.125mm。
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