WO2020258630A1 - Pellet machine roller, pellet machine, biomass pellet production device and processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A pellet machine roller (5), a pellet machine (17), a biomass pellet processing device, and a processing method. The biomass pellet processing device comprises a first conveyor, a slicing crusher, a second conveyor, a drying device, a third conveyor, the pellet machine (17), a cooling device, and a packing line. The pellet machine roller (5) comprises a roller body (1) and gear rings (2); a plurality of rows of gear rings (2) are arranged on the outer wall of the roller body (1) in the circumferential direction, and a groove (3) is formed between any two adjacent rows of gear rings (2); a plurality of through holes (31) are formed in each groove (3) in the circumferential direction, and one end, facing the outer side of the roller body (1), of the plurality of through holes (31) is a waist-shaped long hole (32).

Description

Pellet machine roller, pellet machine, biomass pellet production equipment and processing method

Cross references to related applications

This application requires the application number of 201910563777.1 to be filed with the Chinese Patent Office on June 26, 2019, a Chinese patent application named "Pellet Machine Roller and Pellet Machine", and an application to the Chinese Patent Office on June 27, 2019 The priority of the Chinese patent application with No. 201910567496.3 and titled "Biomass Particle Processing Equipment and Processing Method", the entire content of which is incorporated in this application by reference.

Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of biomass material processing equipment, in particular to a pellet machine roller, pellet machine, biomass pellet production equipment and processing method.

Background technique

A lot of biomass wastes are often generated in daily production and life, such as construction waste wood, furniture factory scraps, straw, rice husk, sawdust, straw and so on. In the prior art, biomass material processing equipment is used to process and recover such biomass materials, so that such waste resources can be reused, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

The existing biomass pellet processing technology is often cumbersome in the application process, and it is difficult to effectively improve a series of problems such as pelletizing capacity, pelletizing quality, and packaging. There are many steps in the existing processing process, and the biomass raw material also needs a crushing process, which requires more equipment and is more difficult to process. In addition, in the production process of granulating biomass materials in the existing pellet machine, the material is easily jammed in the through holes of the roller, thereby affecting the granulation efficiency of the pellet machine.

Summary of the invention

In view of at least one of the shortcomings in the prior art, this application provides a pellet mill roller, pellet mill, biomass pellet processing equipment and processing method to improve the low pelletizing efficiency, cumbersome process steps, and cost in the prior art. Higher question.

The embodiments of this application can be implemented as follows:

The application provides a pellet machine roller, including a roller body and a gear ring;

The ring gear is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the roller body along the circumference of the roller body; the ring gear is in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of gear rings are arranged at intervals along the axis of the roller body, and a recess is formed between any two adjacent rows of gear rings. groove;

The groove is provided with a plurality of through holes communicating with the discharge cavity in the middle of the roller body, and the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the groove; each of the plurality of through holes includes a circle near the side of the discharge cavity. A round through hole and a waist-shaped long hole on the side away from the discharge cavity, a plurality of round through holes are communicated with the corresponding waist-shaped long hole.

In an embodiment of the present application, the length direction of the waist-shaped elongated hole is the same as the circumferential direction of the groove; the width of the waist-shaped elongated hole is greater than the diameter of the circular through hole.

In an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of convex teeth are formed on each row of ring gears at intervals along its circumferential direction, and the convex teeth have a set width along the axial direction of the ring gear, so that any two adjacent convex teeth A receiving groove is formed between.

In an embodiment of the present application, the cross section of the protruding teeth along the radial direction of the roller body is rectangular.

In one embodiment of the present application, the cross section of the protruding teeth along the radial direction of the roller body is trapezoidal, and the edge of the trapezoid at one end away from the roller body is connected with the edges on both sides thereof at an obtuse angle.

In an embodiment of the present application, the edges of the convex teeth are blade-shaped or saw-tooth-shaped.

In an embodiment of the present application, the number of convex teeth and through holes is the same, and the central angle formed by the line between the centers of any two adjacent convex teeth and the center of the corresponding ring gear is equal to any adjacent The angle of the central angle formed by the line connecting the center of the two through holes and the center of the corresponding groove is the same.

The application provides a pellet machine, including the pellet machine roller provided in the first aspect;

Two pellet mill rollers mesh with each other and rotate, and the multiple rows of gear rings of one pellet mill roller can be inserted into the groove of the other pellet mill roller.

In an embodiment of the present application, the protruding teeth on any row of the gear ring can extend between two adjacent through holes in the corresponding groove, and be located in the groove between the two adjacent through holes Above the bottom wall; or, the protruding teeth on any row of gear rings can extend above or inside the through holes in the corresponding grooves.

This application provides a biomass pellet processing equipment, including:

The first conveyor, the slice crusher, the second conveyor, the drying equipment, the third conveyor, the cooling device, the packing line, and the pellet machine provided in the second aspect;

The outlet of the first conveyor is connected with the inlet of the slicing crusher, and the outlet of the slicing crusher is connected with the inlet of the second conveyor;

The outlet of the second conveyor is connected with the inlet of the drying equipment, and the outlet of the drying equipment is connected with the inlet of the third conveyor;

The outlet of the third conveyor is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine;

The outlet of the pellet machine is connected with the inlet of the cooling device, and the outlet and inlet of the cooling device are connected with the inlet of the packing line.

This application provides a biomass pellet processing equipment, including:

The first conveyor, slice crusher, second conveyor, drying equipment, third conveyor, pellet machine, cooling device and packing line;

The outlet of the first conveyor is connected with the inlet of the slicing crusher, and the outlet of the slicing crusher is connected with the inlet of the second conveyor;

The outlet of the second conveyor is connected with the inlet of the drying equipment, and the outlet of the drying equipment is connected with the inlet of the third conveyor;

The outlet of the third conveyor is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine;

The outlet of the pellet machine is connected with the inlet of the cooling device, and the outlet and inlet of the cooling device are connected with the inlet of the packing line.

In an embodiment of the present application, the biomass particle processing equipment further includes a first impurity removal device;

The first cleaning device is arranged on the second conveyor;

The biomass raw materials on the second conveyor are all processed by the first impurity removal device.

In an embodiment of the present application, the biomass particle processing equipment further includes a second impurity removal device;

The second cleaning device is arranged on the third conveyor;

The biomass raw materials on the third conveyor are all processed by the second impurity removal device.

In an embodiment of the present application, the biomass pellet processing equipment further includes a screening device, which is arranged at the outlet of the pellet machine;

The screening device includes a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first inlet is connected with the outlet of the pellet machine, and the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine;

The second outlet is connected with the inlet of the cooling device.

In an embodiment of the present application, the pellet machine includes two intermeshing pellet mill rollers, and the two intermeshing pellet mill rollers are a first roller and a second roller respectively;

The first roller rotates counterclockwise at a preset speed, and the second roller rotates clockwise at a preset speed;

The center line of the first roller and the second roller is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the material enters from above the two rollers;

A plurality of gear rings are processed on the circumferential walls of the first roller and the second roller, and grooves are formed between adjacent gear rings;

The ring gear of the first roller and the groove of the second roller are staggered to form a fitting connection; the ring gear of the second roller and the groove of the first roller are staggered to form a fitting connection.

In an embodiment of the present application, a plurality of circular through holes are processed in the groove, and a waist-shaped long hole in a radial direction communicating with the circular through hole is provided above the circular through hole;

The waist-shaped long hole gradually transitions to a circular through hole.

In an embodiment of the present application, the screening device includes a top plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first sealing plate, a second sealing plate, a third sealing plate and a partition;

The screening device includes a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first inlet is connected with the outlet of the pellet machine, and the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine;

The second outlet is connected with the inlet of the cooling device;

The top plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the partition plate jointly form the feed channel of the first inlet of the screening device, and the end of the feed channel is the second outlet;

The first side plate, the second side plate, the first sealing plate, the second sealing plate, and the third sealing plate are jointly enclosed to form the return channel of the first outlet;

A plurality of penetrating sieve holes are provided on the surface of the partition.

In an embodiment of the present application, the pellet machine includes a collection bin;

The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the pellet machine through the collection bin.

This application provides a processing method, which is applied to the biomass pellet processing equipment provided in the above-mentioned fourth aspect. The processing method includes the following steps:

Feeding: transfer the biomass raw materials to be processed to the first conveyor;

Slicing: the first conveyor transports the biomass raw materials to the chip crusher, the chip crusher crushes the wooden raw materials into small pieces, and cuts the fluffy biomass raw materials such as straw into small pieces;

Drying: The slicing biomass raw material is transported to the drying equipment through the second conveyor; the biomass raw material after cleaning is transported to the dryer, dried, and then output to the pellet machine through the third conveyor ；

Granulation: The biomass raw materials on the third conveyor are transported to the pellet machine for granulation, and the pellet machine processes the biomass raw materials into rod-shaped particles;

Cooling: The qualified particles are transported to the cooling device through the first elevator conveyor for cooling;

Packing: Use the second lifting conveyor to lift the cooled finished particles to the packing line for packing, and then load them into the finished product warehouse.

In one embodiment of the present application, the discharge port of the pellet machine is provided with a screening device, and the granulation step specifically includes: screening qualified particles out of the pellet machine through the screening device, and returning unqualified particles or powder to the pellet machine In the internal collection bin, cyclic granulation is carried out.

The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include, for example:

The biomass pellet processing equipment of the embodiment of the application includes a first conveyor, a slice crusher, a second conveyor, a drying device, a third conveyor, a pellet machine, a cooling device, and a packing line. The pellet machine roller includes a roller body and a ring gear. A plurality of rows of ring gears are arranged on the outer wall of the roller body along its circumference, and grooves are formed between any two adjacent rows of gear rings; the inner edge of each groove A plurality of through holes are opened in the circumferential direction, and one end of the plurality of through holes facing the outside of the roller body is a waist-shaped long hole. The processing method provided in this application applies the processing equipment provided in this application. Compared with existing equipment and processes, the equipment and processes of the embodiments of the present application have the following effects:

1. It improves the problem that the existing processing technology has many processing steps, which is time-consuming and laborious to implement and will increase additional costs;

2. Biomass raw materials do not need to be crushed after being sliced, which greatly reduces dust pollution and can be directly granulated by a pellet machine;

3. The efficiency of this process is relatively high, and it can realize the secondary processing of leaking materials with its own screening device without additional equipment;

4. The implementation is relatively simple and convenient, easy to implement automation, and save labor costs;

5. Materials with larger particle size are not easy to block at the roller of the pellet machine, so the granulating efficiency of the pellet machine is improved.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

Figure 1 is a process flow diagram of the prior art;

2 is a cross-sectional view of the pellet machine and the screening device of the biomass pellet production equipment in the embodiment of the application;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening device in an embodiment of the application;

4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pellet machine roller provided by an embodiment of the application from a first perspective;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 4;

6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the roller of the pellet machine in an embodiment of the application from a second perspective;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pellet machine roller in the embodiment of the application from a third perspective;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pellet machine roller in the embodiment of the application from a fourth perspective;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the granulator rollers in the embodiment of the application in a state of meshing;

Figure 10 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 9;

11 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the pellet machine roller in another meshing condition in the embodiment of the application;

Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a processing method in an embodiment of the application.

Icon: 1-roller body; 2-ring gear; 21-convex tooth; 22-receiving groove; 3-groove; 31-through hole; 32-waist-shaped long hole; 33-round through hole; Discharge chamber; 5- pellet machine roller; 10- top plate; 11- first side plate; 12- second side plate; 13- first sealing plate; 14- second sealing plate; 15- third sealing plate; 16-partition board; 17-particle machine; 18-collection bin; 19-screening device; 20-sieve hole; 21-first inlet; 22-first outlet; 23-second outlet; 24-return material channel.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application generally described and shown in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of this application.

It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following figures. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of this application, it should be noted that if the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" etc. appears, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or It is the orientation or positional relationship that the products of the application are usually placed in use, which is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, structure and structure in a specific orientation. Operation, therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of this application.

In addition, if the terms "first", "second", etc. appear, they are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other.

In daily production and life, many wastes are generated, such as construction waste wood, furniture factory scraps, straw, rice husk, sawdust, straw and so on. These wastes are often very troublesome to deal with, burning in the wild will produce a lot of pollution, and it is a great waste of biomass resources. As a renewable resource, biomass materials can be very helpful to the current environmental protection if they can be recycled and reused. It can be said to be a clean energy. These biomass materials can effectively replace non-renewable energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. Biomass material processing equipment is used to process and recycle biomass materials, so as to solve the problems of biomass materials being wasted or polluting the environment, so that such waste resources can be reused, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

For example, the process flow shown in the patent number CN107603687A is shown in Figure 1. There are many steps in the processing process flow, and the biomass raw materials also need to be pulverized. The process is cumbersome, requires more equipment, is difficult to process, and does not combine specific production. Equipment, more general. In some prior art, in the production process of pelletizing biomass materials, for example, in the process of extruding larger particle size biomass materials such as straws, the materials are easily jammed in the through holes of the roller. , Thereby affecting the granulation efficiency of the pellet machine.

In order to improve at least one of the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a pellet machine roller, a pellet machine including the pellet machine roller, a biomass particle production equipment including the pellet machine, and a corresponding processing method. In order to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the equipment and processes of the present application, the biomass pellet production equipment will be introduced in detail below. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pellet machine and the screening device of the biomass pellet production equipment. Please refer to Figure 2, the embodiment provides a biomass pellet processing equipment, which includes a first conveyor (not shown in the figure), a slice crusher (not shown in the figure), a second conveyor (not shown in the figure) Not shown), drying equipment (not shown in the figure), third conveyor (not shown in the figure), pellet machine 17, screening device 19, cooling device (not shown in the figure) and packing line (not shown in the figure) Not shown in). The screening device 19 is provided at the outlet of the pellet machine 17.

The outlet of the first conveyor is connected with the inlet of the slicing crusher, and the outlet of the slicing crusher is connected with the inlet of the second conveyor;

The outlet of the second conveyor is connected with the inlet of the drying equipment, and the outlet of the drying equipment is connected with the inlet of the third conveyor;

The outlet of the third conveyor is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine 17;

The outlet of the pellet machine 17 is connected with the inlet of the cooling device, and the outlet and inlet of the cooling device are connected with the inlet of the packing line.

Biomass material processing equipment can well realize the reuse of biomass waste resources, which is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. In the application link, the existing biomass pellet processing technology is often relatively backward and cumbersome, and cannot effectively improve a series of problems such as pelletizing capacity, pelletizing quality, and packaging. The solution of this embodiment solves the problems of the current biomass particle processing process with many steps, complex processes, high processing difficulty and no specific equipment, etc., which greatly simplifies the process flow and guarantees the quality of the particles.

In an alternative embodiment, the biomass pellet production equipment further includes a first impurity removal device; the first impurity removal device is arranged on the second conveyor; the biomass raw materials on the second conveyor all pass through the first impurity removal device Removal of impurities. The first impurity removal device is installed on the second conveyor, which can remove the impurity of the biomass material for the first time. The biomass raw materials after cleaning are transported to the dryer for drying. In the future, the raw materials with a moisture content of more than 20% are dried to a moisture content of 10%-20%, and then sent to the dryer. .

In an alternative embodiment, the biomass pellet production equipment further includes a second impurity removal device; the second impurity removal device is arranged on the third conveyor; the biomass raw materials on the third conveyor all pass through the second impurity removal device Removal of impurities. The second impurity removal device can perform a second impurity removal on the biomass raw materials, and transport the biomass raw materials after the impurities have been removed to the pellet machine 17 for granulation. The pellet machine 17 can process the raw materials processed in the drying process. Material raw materials are directly formed without crushing.

Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the screening device, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, in an alternative embodiment, the screening device 19 includes a first inlet 21, a first outlet 22 and a second outlet 23, the first inlet 21 and The outlet of the pellet machine 17 is connected, the first outlet 22 is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine 17; the second outlet 23 is connected with the inlet of the cooling device.

The screening device 19 screens the qualified particles out of the granulator 17, and the unqualified granules or scraps are returned to the collection bin 18 inside the granulator 17 for circular granulation.

In an alternative embodiment, the screening device 19 includes a top plate 10, a first side plate 11, a second side plate 12, a first sealing plate 13, a second sealing plate 14, a third sealing plate 15 and a partition 16; The device 19 includes a first inlet 21, a first outlet 22 and a second outlet 23, the inlet is connected to the outlet of the pellet machine 17, the first outlet 22 is connected to the inlet of the pellet machine 17, and the second outlet 23 is connected to the inlet of the cooling device;

The top plate 10, the first side plate 11, the second side plate 12 and the partition plate 16 jointly form the feed channel of the first inlet 21 of the screening device 19, and the end of the feed channel is the second outlet 23; the first side plate 11. The second side plate 12, the first sealing plate 13, the second sealing plate 14, and the third sealing plate 15 jointly form a return channel 24 of the first outlet 22; the surface of the partition plate 16 is provided with multiple through The mesh 20.

4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pellet machine roller provided by an embodiment of the application from a first perspective; FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a second perspective view of the pellet machine roller provided by an embodiment of the application Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the pellet machine roller provided in an embodiment of the application from a third perspective; Figure 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the pellet machine roller provided in an embodiment of the application from a fourth perspective; The structure diagram of the pellet machine roller provided in the embodiment of the application in a state of engagement; FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of B in FIG. 9; FIG. 11 is a partial structure of the pellet machine roller provided in the embodiment of the application in another state of engagement Schematic. Please refer to Figures 4 to 11, the pellet machine 17 includes two pellet machine rollers 5, and the two pellet machine rollers 5 mesh with each other and rotate. In an alternative embodiment, it includes a roller body 1 and a gear ring 2; the gear ring 2 is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the roller body 1 along the circumferential direction of the roller body 1; the gear ring 2 has multiple rows and multiple rows of teeth The rings 2 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller body 1, and a groove 3 is formed between any two adjacent rows of gear rings 2; the groove 3 is provided with a plurality of communicating with the discharge cavity 4 in the middle of the roller body 1 Through holes 31, and a plurality of through holes 31 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the groove 3; each of the plurality of through holes 31 includes a circular through hole 33 on the side close to the discharge cavity 4 and a waist on the side away from the discharge cavity 4 Each of the multiple circular through holes 33 communicates with the corresponding waist-shaped elongated hole 32; the length of the waist-shaped elongated hole 32 is the same as the circumferential direction of the groove 3.

The pellet machine roller 5 provided in this application includes a roller body 1 and a gear ring 2; the roller body 1 is a hollow cylinder, and the inner hollow cavity is the discharge cavity 4; and the outer wall of the roller body 1 The ring gear 2 is circumferentially arranged, and the number of the ring gear 2 is multiple rows, and the multiple rows of gear rings 2 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the roller body 1, and are formed between any two adjacent rows of gear rings 2 Groove 3; each groove 3 is provided with a through hole 31, through the through hole 31, the groove 3 is connected with the discharge cavity 4 inside the roller body 1; each groove 3 has a through hole 31 The number is multiple, and the multiple through holes 31 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the groove 3, that is, the circumferential direction of the roller body 1.

When the pellet machine including the pellet machine roller 5 is in the process of granulating and forming biomass raw materials, two pellet machine rollers 5 mesh with each other and rotate, and the ring gear 2 on one of the pellet machine roller 5 can be embedded Into the groove 3 on the other pellet machine roller 5, the biomass material will enter the groove 3 of the two pellet machine rollers 5, and then the two pellet machine rollers 5 mesh and rotate. The material material is rolled with the pellet machine roller 5 and is brought to the meshing point of the two pellet machine rollers 5 for rolling. The biomass material in the groove 3 is squeezed into the through hole 31 opened in the groove 3, The through hole 31 is formed and finally squeezed into the discharge cavity 4.

The through holes on the rollers of the existing pellet mill are generally cylindrical through holes, and the through holes have a small diameter. During the process of granulating and forming some biomass materials with larger particle diameters, the through holes are easily affected. Blockage, thereby reducing the granulation efficiency of the pellet machine; each through hole 31 opened on the pellet machine roller 5 of the present application that communicates with the discharge cavity 4 includes a circular through hole 33 on the side close to the discharge cavity 4 And the waist-shaped long hole 32 on the side away from the discharge cavity 4, each circular through hole 33 is smoothly and excessively connected with its corresponding waist-shaped long hole 32; the waist-shaped long hole 32 is compared with the existing pellet machine roller The circular through hole on the cylinder has a larger opening area, so that in the process of compacting the biomass raw material, the biomass raw material with large particle size can more easily pass through the waist-shaped long hole 32 with a larger opening area. Enter into the circular through hole 33 located below the waist-shaped elongated hole 32; and during the rolling process, the material in the waist-shaped elongated hole 32 and the corresponding ring gear of another pellet machine roller 5 can also be increased. The contact area of 2 makes it easier for the material in the through hole 31 to be squeezed into and out of the material cavity 4, thereby effectively preventing large-diameter biomass materials from clogging in the through hole 31 and affecting the granulation efficiency of the pellet machine .

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a plurality of convex teeth 21 are formed on each row of ring gear 2 at intervals along its circumferential direction, and the convex teeth 21 are along the axis of the ring gear 2. The direction has a set width, so that a receiving groove 22 is formed between any two adjacent convex teeth 21.

In this embodiment, each row of ring gears 2 on the roller body 1 is provided with a plurality of convex teeth 21 evenly spaced along its circumferential direction. The convex teeth 21 have a set width along the axial direction of the ring gear 2, so that each row The accommodating groove 22 is formed between any two adjacent convex teeth 21 on the gear ring 2, and the accommodating groove 22 has a certain accommodating space; therefore, in the process of molding and granulating biomass raw materials, pass The accommodating groove 22 between two adjacent convex teeth 21 can grab the biomass raw material at the feed, and bring the biomass raw material to the meshing point of the two pelletizer rollers 5 for rolling and molding; Especially for raw materials with a large particle size, they are grasped by the containing groove 22 formed between two adjacent protruding teeth 21, so that the raw materials with large particle size can roll with the roller body 1 more easily, and then As the roller main body 1 rolls, it is brought to the meshing place of the two pellet mill rollers 5 for rolling, and is formed through the through hole 31 at the meshing place and then enters the discharge cavity 4.

It should be noted that the set width of the convex teeth 21 may be the width of the ring gear 2.

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIG. 6, the cross section of the protruding teeth 21 along the radial direction of the roller body 1 is rectangular.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the protruding teeth 21 along the radial direction of the roller body 1 is rectangular, and the root positions of any two adjacent rectangular protruding teeth 21 connected with the roller body 1 are separated by a certain distance, so that adjacent The cross section of the receiving groove 22 between the two convex teeth 21 is trapezoidal, which calmly increases the volume of the receiving space of the receiving groove 22, which is more conducive to the grabbing of materials with larger particle diameters. The raw material can be more easily grasped and rolled with the roller body 1 to the meshing point of the two pellet machine rollers 5 for rolling and forming, thereby improving the pelletizing efficiency of the pellet machine.

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIG. 7, the cross section of the protruding teeth 21 along the radial direction of the roller body 1 is trapezoidal, and the edge of the trapezoid at one end away from the roller body 1 and its two sides The edges are connected at obtuse angles.

In this embodiment, the cross section of the protruding teeth 21 along the radial direction of the roller body 1 is trapezoidal, the edge of the trapezoid at one end away from the roller body 1 and the edges on both sides thereof are connected at an obtuse angle, and any two adjacent trapezoids are connected. The root positions of the protruding teeth 21 and the roller body 1 are all separated by a certain distance, so that the cross section of the receiving groove 22 between two adjacent protruding teeth 21 is also trapezoidal, and the receiving groove 22 is far away from the roller body 1 has a larger opening at one end, which enlarges the accommodating space of the accommodating groove 22, which is more conducive to the grasping of materials with larger particle diameters, so that the materials with larger particle diameters can be more easily grasped and moved with the rollers. The barrel main body 1 is rolled to the meshing position of the two pellet machine rollers 5 to be rolled and formed to improve the pelletizing efficiency of the pellet machine.

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIG. 7, the edge of the protruding tooth 21 is blade-shaped.

In this embodiment, the edges of the protruding teeth 21 are in the shape of a knife edge, which can cut and crush the large-diameter raw materials at the feed, and cut the large-diameter raw materials into smaller-diameter raw materials, thereby making the The material raw materials can be more easily grasped by the receiving groove 22, and then roll with the roller body 1 to the meshing position of the two pellet machine rollers 5 for rolling and forming.

At the same time, the cut and broken raw materials can also reduce the jamming of the through holes 31 on the groove 3 to a certain extent during the extrusion molding process, thereby further improving the pelletizing efficiency of the pellet machine.

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIG. 7, the edges of the convex teeth 21 are saw-toothed.

In this embodiment, the edges of the protruding teeth 21 can also be zigzag, so that the large-diameter raw material falling into the groove 3 is chopped by the edges of the protruding teeth 21 to become smaller-diameter raw materials. It is more conducive to extrusion molding of the raw material, and it is not easy to cause jamming of the through hole 31 on the groove 3.

In an embodiment of the present application, optionally, as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, the number of convex teeth 21 and the through holes 31 are the same, and the centers of any two adjacent convex teeth 21 and the corresponding ring gear The central angle formed by the line of the center of the circle 2 is the same as the angle formed by the line of the center of any two adjacent through holes 31 and the center of the corresponding groove 3.

In this embodiment, the plurality of protruding teeth 21 on each row of ring gear 2 are arranged at equal intervals, the plurality of through holes 31 in each row of grooves 3 are also arranged at equal intervals, and each row of ring gear 2 The number of convex teeth 21 is the same as the number of through holes 31 in each row of grooves 3; the central angle formed by the line between the center of any two adjacent convex teeth 21 and the center of the corresponding ring gear 2 is adjacent to any The center angle formed by the connection between the center of the two through holes 31 and the center of the corresponding groove 3 is the same; so that the convex teeth 21 on each row of the ring gear 2 can be aligned with the through hole in the corresponding groove 3 31 one-to-one correspondence.

When installing the two pellet machine rollers 5 of the pellet machine, as shown in Figures 9 and 10, the ring gear 2 of one pellet machine roller 5 is embedded in the groove 3 of the other pellet machine roller 5 , The convex teeth 21 on the ring gear 2 at the meshing position of the two pellet machine rollers 5 do not extend into the waist-shaped long holes 32 in any corresponding groove 3, but the convex teeth 21 are located in the corresponding concave Above the bottom wall of the groove 3 between the two adjacent through holes 31 in the groove 3, so that when the two pellet machine rollers 5 rotate, they will not interfere and affect the normal meshing rotation; The accommodating groove 22 formed between the two protruding teeth crushes and grabs the large-size biomass raw material, so that the raw material can reach the meshing point of the two pellet mill rollers 5 for rolling and molding, thereby improving The granulation efficiency of the granulator.

This application also provides a pellet machine, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, comprising two pellet mill rollers 5 of any of the above embodiments, two pellet mill rollers 5 meshing and rotating with each other, and one pellet mill roller The multi-row gear ring 2 of 5 can be embedded in the groove 3 of another pellet machine roller 5.

In this embodiment, multiple rows of gear rings 2 on one pellet machine roller 5 can be embedded in the grooves 3 on another pellet machine roller 5, and the convex teeth 21 on any row of gear rings can extend into the corresponding Between two adjacent through holes 31 in the groove 3 and above the bottom wall of the groove 3 between two adjacent through holes 31; or the convex teeth 21 on any row of the ring gear 2 can extend into To above or inside the through hole 31 in the corresponding groove 3.

As shown in Fig. 9, the two granulator rollers 5 of the granulator 17 can be regarded as the first roller (left) and the second roller (right), respectively. In an alternative embodiment, the first roller rotates counterclockwise at a preset speed, and the second roller rotates clockwise at a preset speed; the center line of the first roller and the second roller is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the material Enter from above the two rollers. The rotation of the first roller and the second roller is similar to the rotation of a gear. This tooth-shaped arrangement is convenient for cutting biomass raw materials that are not in powder form, which is obviously different from the traditional pellet machine 17 which can only process powder materials. The first roller and the second roller mutually rotate and squeeze the biomass raw material, so that the biomass raw material enters the through hole 31 and is formed into rod-shaped particles, and the rod-shaped particles fall into the discharge chamber 4, and then output the material through the discharge device Cavity 4.

Optionally, the pellet machine 17 includes a collection bin 18; the first outlet 22 is connected to the inlet of the pellet machine 17 through the collection bin 18.

The sieve 20 allows particles and scraps that do not meet the size requirements of the finished product to leak from the surface of the partition 16 and enter the scrap return passage 24, and finally return from the scrap return passage 24 to the internal collection bin 18 of the pellet machine 17, for a second Processing. The particles that meet the requirements are output through the finished product discharge port.

When in use, the processing can be completed through the following steps:

Loading: fork the biomass raw materials onto the first conveyor with a loading truck;

Slicing: For woody biomass raw materials, the first conveyor transports woody biomass raw materials such as building templates, furniture factory scraps, branches, wood, etc., to the crusher, and processes them into small pieces within 80mm*80mm*10mm. Compare with straws, etc. The fluffy biomass material is cut into small sections within 10cm.

Drying: The second conveyor conveys the sliced biomass raw materials to the dryer after passing through the impurity removal device built in the second conveyor. The materials with a moisture content of more than 20% are dried to a moisture content of 10%- 20% is then output to the dryer through the third conveyor. If the incoming moisture is below 20%, it will go directly to the next process without drying.

Granulation and self-contained screening: the incoming material with a moisture content between 10% and 20% is conveyed to the pellet machine 17 through the third conveyor, and the incoming material passes through the third conveyor while passing through the third conveyor The impurity removal device above removes impurities again to ensure that the impurities in the raw materials are minimized. The pellet machine 17 directly cuts and rolls the sliced large pieces of biomass raw materials into rod-shaped particles with a density of 1.1-1.3t/m ³ and a diameter of 8-15 mm. The filter device 19 of the pellet machine 17 is installed in the pellet machine 17 At the discharging port, the granules are screened while discharging, and the unqualified granules are returned to the trough inside the granulator 17 for secondary processing.

Cooling: The finished pellets are transported to the cooling device through the first lifting conveyor, and then fully cooled to within 50°C.

Packing: The cooled finished particles are transported to the packing line through the second lifting conveyor for packing and storage.

What needs to be explained is that for different occasions, the crushing process can also be installed after slicing;

In addition to wood raw materials and straw, other biomass materials can also be used in general.

When the moisture content of the incoming material is stable at 10% to 20%, the dryer can be omitted, and the drying process can be eliminated.

Fig. 12 is a flowchart of a processing method in an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 12, the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing method. The processing method of the present application can be applied to the biomass pellet processing equipment in any of the foregoing embodiments. The processing method includes the following steps:

Feeding: transfer the biomass raw materials to be processed to the first conveyor;

Slicing: the first conveyor transports the biomass raw materials to the chip crusher, the chip crusher crushes the wooden raw materials into small pieces, and cuts the fluffy biomass raw materials such as straw into small pieces;

Drying: The slicing biomass raw material is transported to the drying equipment through the second conveyor; the biomass raw material after cleaning is transported to the dryer, dried, and then output to the pellet machine through the third conveyor 17;

Granulation: the biomass raw material on the third conveyor is transported to the pellet machine 17 for granulation, and the pellet machine 17 processes the biomass raw material into rod-shaped particles;

Cooling: The qualified particles are transported to the cooling device through the first elevator conveyor for cooling;

Packing: Use the second lifting conveyor to lift the cooled finished particles to the packing line for packing, and then load them into the finished product warehouse.

In an alternative embodiment, the granulation process can be implemented in the following ways: the discharge port of the pellet machine 17 has its own screening device 19, and the screening device 19 screens qualified particles out of the pellet machine 17, and unqualified particles Or, the crushed powder is returned to the collection bin 18 inside the granulator 17 for circular granulation.

Compared with the existing processing technology, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present application include, for example:

1. It improves the problem that the existing processing technology has many processing steps, which is time-consuming and laborious to implement and will increase additional costs;

2. Biomass raw materials do not need to be crushed after being sliced, which greatly reduces dust pollution and can be directly granulated by a pellet machine;

3. The efficiency of this process is relatively high, and it can realize the secondary processing of leaking materials with its own screening device without additional equipment;

4. The implementation is relatively simple and convenient, easy to implement automation, and save labor costs;

5. Materials with larger particle size are not easy to block at the roller of the pellet machine, so the granulating efficiency of the pellet machine is improved.

The above are only specific implementations of this application, but the protection scope of this application is not limited to this. Any change or substitution that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application shall be Covered in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Industrial applicability

The pellet machine roller, pellet machine, biomass pellet production equipment and processing method provided in the present application can improve the efficiency of the recycling process of biomass materials, simplify the process steps, reduce the recycling cost, and at the same time reduce dust pollution.

Claims (20)

A pellet machine roller, characterized in that it comprises a roller body and a gear ring; The gear ring is circumferentially arranged on the outer wall of the roller body along the circumference of the roller body; the gear ring is in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of the gear ring are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the roller body , A groove is formed between any two adjacent rows of said ring gears; A plurality of through holes communicating with the discharge cavity in the middle of the roller body are opened in the groove, and the plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the groove; a plurality of the through holes Each includes a circular through hole on the side close to the discharge cavity and a waist-shaped elongated hole on the side away from the discharge cavity, and a plurality of the circular through holes are communicated with the corresponding waist-shaped elongated holes . The pellet machine roller according to claim 1, wherein the length direction of the waist-shaped elongated hole is the same as the circumferential direction of the groove; the width of the waist-shaped elongated hole is larger than that of the circular through hole. The diameter of the hole. The pellet machine roller according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of convex teeth are formed on each row of the gear ring at intervals along its circumferential direction, and the convex teeth have a setting along the axial direction of the gear ring. The width is such that a receiving groove is formed between any two adjacent convex teeth. The pellet machine roller according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the protruding teeth along the radial direction of the roller body is rectangular. The pellet machine roller according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the protruding teeth along the radial direction of the roller body is trapezoidal, and the edge of the trapezoid at one end away from the roller body and the The edges on both sides are connected at an obtuse angle. The pellet machine roller according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the edges of the protruding teeth are blade-shaped or saw-tooth-shaped. The pellet machine roller according to any one of claims 3-6, wherein the number of the convex teeth and the through holes are the same, and the centers of any two adjacent convex teeth correspond to The central angle formed by the line connecting the centers of the ring gear is the same as the angle formed by the line connecting the centers of any two adjacent through holes and the centers of the corresponding grooves. A pellet machine, characterized by comprising two pellet machine rollers according to any one of claims 3-8; The two pellet mill rollers mesh with each other to rotate, and the multiple rows of gear rings of one pellet mill roller can be inserted into the groove of the other pellet mill roller. The pellet machine according to claim 8, wherein the protruding teeth on any row of the gear ring can extend between two adjacent through holes in the corresponding grooves, and are located in the same position. Above the bottom wall of the groove between two adjacent through holes; or, the protruding teeth on any row of the gear ring can extend above or inside the through hole in the corresponding groove. A biomass pellet processing equipment, characterized in that it comprises: The first conveyor, the slice crusher, the second conveyor, the drying equipment, the third conveyor, the cooling device, the packing line, and the pellet machine according to claim 8 or 9; The outlet of the first conveyor is connected with the inlet of the slice crusher, and the outlet of the slice crusher is connected with the inlet of the second conveyor; The outlet of the second conveyor is connected with the inlet of the drying device, and the outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the third conveyor; The outlet of the third conveyor is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine; The outlet of the pellet machine is connected with the inlet of the cooling device, and the outlet and inlet of the cooling device are connected with the inlet of the packing line. A biomass pellet processing equipment, characterized in that it comprises: The first conveyor, slice crusher, second conveyor, drying equipment, third conveyor, pellet machine, cooling device and packing line; The outlet of the first conveyor is connected with the inlet of the slice crusher, and the outlet of the slice crusher is connected with the inlet of the second conveyor; The outlet of the second conveyor is connected with the inlet of the drying device, and the outlet of the drying device is connected with the inlet of the third conveyor; The outlet of the third conveyor is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine; The outlet of the pellet machine is connected with the inlet of the cooling device, and the outlet and inlet of the cooling device are connected with the inlet of the packing line. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes a first cleaning device; The first cleaning device is arranged on the second conveyor; The biomass raw materials on the second conveyor all pass through the first impurity removal device for impurity removal treatment. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to claim 11, characterized in that: It also includes a second cleaning device; The second cleaning device is arranged on the third conveyor; The biomass raw materials on the third conveyor all pass through the second impurity removal device for impurity removal treatment. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that: It also includes a screening device, which is arranged at the outlet of the pellet machine; The screening device includes a first inlet, a first outlet, and a second outlet, the first inlet is connected with the outlet of the pellet machine, and the first outlet is connected with the inlet of the pellet machine; The second outlet is connected with the inlet of the cooling device. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to any one of claims 11-14, characterized in that: The granulator includes two granulator rollers that mesh with each other, and the two mesh rollers for the granulator are a first roller and a second roller, respectively; The first roller rotates counterclockwise at a preset speed, and the second roller rotates clockwise at a preset speed; The central line of the first roller and the second roller is arranged in a horizontal direction, and the material enters from above the two rollers; A plurality of gear rings are processed on the circumferential walls of the first roller and the second roller, and grooves are formed between adjacent gear rings; The ring gear of the first roller and the groove of the second roller are staggered to form a fitting connection; the ring gear of the second roller and the groove of the first roller are staggered, To form a mating connection. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to claim 15, characterized in that: A plurality of circular through holes are processed in the groove, and a waist-shaped long hole in a radial direction communicating with the circular through hole is provided above the circular through hole; The waist-shaped long hole gradually transitions to a circular through hole to connect. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to claim 14, characterized in that: The screening device includes a top plate, a first side plate, a second side plate, a first sealing plate, a second sealing plate, a third sealing plate and a partition; The screening device includes a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet, the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the pellet machine, and the first outlet is connected to the inlet of the pellet machine; The second outlet is connected with the inlet of the cooling device; The top plate, the first side plate, the second side plate and the partition plate jointly form the feed channel of the first inlet of the screening device, and the end of the feed channel is the second outlet; The first side plate, the second side plate, the first sealing plate, the second sealing plate, and the third sealing plate are jointly enclosed to form the return channel of the first outlet; A plurality of penetrating sieve holes are provided on the surface of the partition. The biomass pellet processing equipment according to claim 17, characterized in that: The pellet machine includes a collection bin; The first outlet is connected to the inlet of the pellet machine through the collection bin. A processing method applied to the biomass pellet processing equipment according to any one of claims 11-18, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: Feeding: transfer the biomass raw materials to be processed to the first conveyor; Slicing: the first conveyor transports the biomass raw materials to the chip crusher, the chip crusher crushes the wooden raw materials into small pieces, and cuts the fluffy biomass raw materials such as straw into small pieces; Drying: The slicing biomass raw material is transported to the drying equipment through the second conveyor; the biomass raw material after cleaning is transported to the dryer, dried, and then output to the pellet machine through the third conveyor ； Granulation: The biomass raw materials on the third conveyor are transported to the pellet machine for granulation, and the pellet machine processes the biomass raw materials into rod-shaped particles; Cooling: The qualified particles are transported to the cooling device through the first elevator conveyor for cooling; Packing: Use the second lifting conveyor to lift the cooled finished particles to the packing line for packing, and then load them into the finished product warehouse. The processing method according to claim 19, wherein the discharge port of the pellet machine is provided with a screening device, and the granulating step specifically includes: screening qualified particles out of the pellet machine through the screening device , The unqualified particles or crushed powder are returned to the collection bin inside the granulator for circular granulation.

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