WO2020244396A1 - 一种液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 - Google Patents

一种液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 Download PDF

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WO2020244396A1
WO2020244396A1 PCT/CN2020/091825 CN2020091825W WO2020244396A1 WO 2020244396 A1 WO2020244396 A1 WO 2020244396A1 CN 2020091825 W CN2020091825 W CN 2020091825W WO 2020244396 A1 WO2020244396 A1 WO 2020244396A1
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iii
liquid crystal
compound
crystal composition
general formula
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PCT/CN2020/091825
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French (fr)
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严为刚
王立威
马文阳
韩文明
徐海彬
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江苏和成显示科技有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/44Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/42Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40
    • C09K19/46Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups C09K19/06 - C09K19/40 containing esters
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, and relates to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device.
  • LCD Liquid crystal display
  • CRT cathode ray tubes
  • Liquid crystals are mainly used as dielectrics in display devices, because the optical properties of such substances can be changed by applying voltage. Therefore, the liquid crystal material must have good chemical and thermal stability, as well as good stability to electric fields and electromagnetic radiation.
  • liquid crystal materials require a liquid crystal mesophase and low viscosity in a suitable temperature range.
  • liquid crystal materials are usually used as a mixture of multiple components, easy miscibility between these components is a very important performance requirement.
  • Other properties, such as electrical conductivity, dielectric anisotropy and optical anisotropy, must meet various requirements according to the type of liquid crystal cell and the application field.
  • liquid crystal materials for LCD are developing in the direction of faster response speed and better reliability.
  • the requirement for fast response can in principle be achieved by reducing the rotational viscosity of the LC mixture.
  • the low-viscosity liquid crystal composition can increase the response speed of the liquid crystal display element and improve the problem of image retention.
  • the injection time can be shortened, and the workability can be improved.
  • Low viscosity is particularly important for the application of liquid crystal displays, which is also a direction that has been working hard to improve in this field.
  • Conjugated olefin liquid crystal compounds are the preferred monomers for reducing viscosity, and can be used in conjunction with other monomers to achieve rapid rate increase. However, the conjugated liquid crystal compound affects the low-temperature solubility of the liquid crystal composition.
  • CN108018048A improves the transmittance, and does not comprehensively meet the requirements of other performances of liquid crystal displays, such as obtaining good low-temperature mutual solubility and driving voltage. Under the circumstances, further improve the requirements for faster response speed and higher penetration rate.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display device.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present application has the advantages of moderate dielectric anisotropy and optical anisotropy, fast response, high transmittance, and good low-temperature miscibility.
  • the liquid crystal display device has a shorter response time and a higher transmittance.
  • this application provides a liquid crystal composition comprising at least one compound of general formula I, at least one compound of general formula II, at least one compound of general formula III, and at least one compound of general formula Compound of IV:
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 each independently represent a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group containing 1-10 carbon atoms, 2-10 carbon atoms linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy, 1-10 carbon atoms can be 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms, 5 Carbon atoms, 6 carbon atoms, 7 carbon atoms, 8 carbon atoms, 9 carbon atoms, 10 carbon atoms, 2-10 carbon atoms can be 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, 4 carbon atoms Atoms, 5 carbon atoms, 6 carbon atoms, 7 carbon atoms, 8 carbon atoms, 9 carbon atoms, 10 carbon atoms, exemplarily selected from -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 3 , -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH 2 -
  • the L 1 and L 2 each independently represent -F or -Cl;
  • the L 3 and L 4 each independently represent -H or -CH 3 ;
  • the ring A1, ring A2 and ring A3 each independently represent
  • the ring A4 and ring A5 are each independently
  • the dotted lines represent the access bits, and the dotted lines in this application all represent the access bits, which will not be described in detail later;
  • n1 and n2 are each independently 0, 1 or 2.
  • n1 represents 2, the ring A2 is the same or different, and when n2 represents 2, the ring A5 is the same or different;
  • the compound of general formula IV does not include the compound of general formula II.
  • the liquid crystal composition contains compounds of general formulae I, II, III and IV at the same time, the components cooperate with each other so that the composition has adjustable dielectric anisotropy, moderate optical anisotropy, fast response,
  • the compounds of general formula I and II can reduce the voltage of the liquid crystal display device and improve the display performance of the device; the compounds of general formula III and IV can adjust the liquid crystal Clearing point, refractive index anisotropy and dielectric anisotropy.
  • the compound of the general formula I accounts for 1%-45% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%. %, 45%, etc., optional 1-35%, further optional 1-30%, further optional 1-25%, further optional 2-25%, further optional 5-25%.
  • the compound of the general formula II accounts for 1%-30% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc., optionally 5 %-25%.
  • the compound of the general formula III accounts for 10%-70% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%. %, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, etc., optional 15%-65%, further optional 20-60%.
  • the compound of the general formula IV accounts for 1%-70% of the total weight of the liquid crystal composition, such as 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%. %, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, etc., optional 5%-65%, further optional 10%-60%.
  • the compound of the general formula I is any one or a combination of at least two of the compounds having the following structure:
  • the compound of the general formula II is any one or a combination of at least two of the compounds having the following structure:
  • the compound of the general formula III is any one or a combination of at least two of the compounds having the following structure:
  • R 4 and R 5 are as described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the compound of the general formula III has III-1, III-2, III-3, III-4, III-9, III-11, III-12, III-13, III-15, III -16, III-18, III-19, III-20, III-21, III-22, III-23, any one or a combination of at least two of the compounds.
  • At least one of R 4 and R 5 represents a halogenated or non-halogenated direct containing 2-10 carbon atoms Alkenyl or alkenyloxy of a chain.
  • the compound of the general formula IV is any one or a combination of at least two of the compounds having the following structure:
  • R 6 and R 7 are as described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present application provides a liquid crystal display device including the liquid crystal compound described above.
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present application has moderate dielectric anisotropy (wherein the range of ⁇ n is 0.100-0.109), moderate optical anisotropy (the range of ⁇ is (-2.8)-(-3.4)), and the response is fast (at 5V
  • the response time under voltage is as low as 5.55ms)
  • the transmittance is high (up to 25%)
  • the low temperature miscibility higher particle size where crystallization occurs
  • nCCEPCm the structural formula represented by the code shown in Table 1, it can be expressed as nCCEPCm, n represents the code number of carbon atoms in the left end of the alkyl group, e.g. n is 3, it means that the alkyl group is -C 3 H 7, C represents the code Cyclohexylene, E represents an ester group, P represents a phenylene group, and m represents the number of carbon atoms of the right end alkyl group. For example, m is 2, which means that the alkyl group is -C 2 H 5 .
  • Test item code meaning ⁇ n: Optical anisotropy (589nm, 25°C) ⁇ : Dielectric anisotropy (1KHz, 25°C) Cp: Clearing point (nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature, °C) ⁇ 1: Rotational viscosity (mPa.s, 25°C) Tc Low temperature storage phase transition point (ie lower limit temperature of nematic phase, °C) V 90 Threshold voltage (characteristic voltage at 90% relative transmittance) T off When the power is withdrawn, the time required to decrease the transmittance from 90% to 10% (ms, 25°C) T Transmittance (DMS 505 tester, box thickness 3.5 ⁇ m)
  • Cp is measured by the quantitative method of melting point meter
  • ⁇ n optical anisotropy
  • dielectric anisotropy
  • the permittivity parallel to the molecular axis
  • the permittivity perpendicular to the molecular axis
  • ⁇ 1 (rotational viscosity) is obtained by INSTEC:ALCTIR1 test, the test condition is 25 ⁇ 0.5°C, 20 micron parallel box;
  • V 90 threshold voltage
  • the test condition is 25°C
  • square wave frequency is 60Hz
  • the test voltage range is 0-10V.
  • T off is the time required to decrease the transmittance from 90% to 10% when the power is removed.
  • the test box is a VA box with a thickness of 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • T transmittance is the transmittance obtained by using DMS 505 to test the dimming device at 25°C, test voltage 5V, frequency 60Hz, and square wave.
  • the dimming device is a VA type test box with a box thickness of 3.5 ⁇ m.
  • the components used in the liquid crystal compositions of the following embodiments can be synthesized by known methods or can be obtained through commercial channels, and the components of the obtained liquid crystal compositions are tested to meet the standards of electronic compounds.
  • liquid crystal compositions in the following examples are mixed according to the distribution ratio of each component (the parentheses at the end of the components in each example are the general formulas of the components), and are mixed by conventional preparation methods such as heating, ultrasound, suspension, etc.
  • the liquid crystal composition is obtained.
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition of the present application has a shorter response time, a maximum transmittance and a lower threshold voltage; the liquid crystal provided in Examples 1-6 has appropriate dielectric anisotropy and optical Anisotropy and fast response.
  • Comparative Example 1 only does not contain compounds of general formula I and general formula II, and the low-temperature miscibility is significantly worse than that of the examples.
  • the rotational viscosity of Examples 1-6 decreased significantly with the increase of the contents of the compounds of the general formula I and the general formula II.
  • the rotational viscosity of the example 6 was reduced by about 8%, and the penetration rate was higher. There will be no segregation in a long time.
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • the liquid crystal composition includes the components in percentage by mass as shown in the following table, and the performance test results are listed in the following table:
  • 3CC2(III-1) 20% To To 4CC3(III-1) 4% To To 2CPP2(III-11) 2% To To 5PP1(III-3) 11% To To 3PPO2(III-3) 3% To To 2C1OWO2(IV-3) 1% To To 5C1OWO2(IV-3) 6% To To 3CPWO2(II) 1% To To 1VCPWO2(II) 1% To To
  • the response time of the liquid crystal compound gradually increases, and the maximum transmittance to the test light source also gradually increases , And there will be no segregation in a relatively long time, that is, under the same conditions, the sum of the added percentages of the compound of general formula I and the compound of general formula II is larger, and the liquid crystal display device can get faster response Time and higher penetration rate.
  • Example 7 does not satisfy condition a) and condition b), while Example 8 only satisfies either condition a) or condition b), and Examples 9-12 satisfy both condition a) The condition b) is satisfied.
  • the above data shows that the effect of Example 8 is better than that of Example 7, and the effect of Examples 9-12 is the best. Therefore, in the present application, if the liquid crystal composition does not satisfy the condition a) or b), satisfies one of the conditions, or satisfies both conditions, the performance of the liquid crystal composition tends to be improved.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种液晶组合物和液晶显示器件,所述液晶组合物包含至少一种通式I的化合物、至少一种通式II的化合物、至少一种通式III的化合物以及至少一种通式IV的化合物,通过这四种化合物的配合,可以使得该组合物具有介电各向异性适中、光学各向异性适中、响应快、穿透率高以及低温互溶性良好等优点,且包含该组合物的液晶显示器件具有较短的响应时间以及较高的穿透率。

Description

一种液晶组合物及液晶显示器件 技术领域
本申请属于液晶材料技术领域,涉及一种液晶组合物及液晶显示器件。
背景技术
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)因其体积小、重量轻、功耗低且显示质量优异而获得了飞速发展,特别在便携式电子信息产品中获得广泛的应用。随着用于便携式计算机、办公应用、视频应用的液晶屏幕尺寸的增加,为了使液晶显示器能够用于大屏幕显示并最终替代阴极射线管(Cathode Ray Tube,CRT),仍存在一些待解决的问题,如提高响应速度、改善低温稳定性等。
液晶主要用于显示器件中的电介质,因通过施加电压可以改变这类物质的光学性能。因此液晶材料必须具有良好的化学和热稳定性,以及良好的对电场和电磁辐射的稳定性。
此外,工业上可用的液晶材料要求在合适温度范围内具有液晶介晶相以及较低的粘度。
由于液晶材料通常作为多种组分的混合物形式使用,所以这些组分之间容易彼此混溶是非常重要的性能要求。其它性能,例如电导率、介电各向异性和光学各向异性,又必须根据液晶盒类型和应用领域而满足各种要求。
目前LCD用液晶材料向着响应速度更快,信赖性更好的方向发展。
对于快响应的要求,原则上可通过降低LC混合物的旋转粘度来实现。低粘度的液晶组合物可以提高液晶显示元件的响应速度,改善残影问题。另外,向液晶显示元件的液晶盒内注入液晶组合物时,可以缩短注入时间,能够提高 作业性。低粘度这对于液晶显示器的应用特别重要,这也是该领域内一直努力改善的方向。
而共轭烯类液晶化合物是首选的降低粘度的单体,可与其他单体配合使用可实现快速速率的提升。但是共轭系类的液晶化合物会影响液晶组合物的低温溶解性。
尽管目前对液晶显示器的基本要求是响应速度更快,但在满足响应速度提升的情况下,必须保证不能损害其他性能,例如低温稳定性。
然而在迄今公开的MLC显示器中,除了响应时间需要进一步提升外,还具有其他煞待改善的缺点,如较高的阈值电压、较差的低温稳定性、较低的穿透率等。
虽现有技术有对上述性能的改善,但仅仅是某一方面性能的改善,如CN108018048A改善穿透率,并没有综合满足液晶显示对其他性能的要求,如在获得良好低温互溶性和驱动电压的情况下,进一步完善对更快响应速度以及更高穿透率的要求。
因此,如何开发一种介电各向异性及光学各向异性适中、响应快、穿透率高、低温互溶性良好的液晶组合物的液晶组合物是本领域的研究重点。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种液晶组合物及液晶显示器件,本申请的液晶组合物具有介电各向异性及光学各向异性适中、响应快、穿透率高以及低温互溶性良好等优点,液晶显示器件具有较短的响应时间以及较高的穿透率。
为达此目的,本申请采用以下技术方案:
一方面,本申请提供一种液晶组合物,所述液晶组合物包含至少一种通式 I的化合物、至少一种通式II的化合物、至少一种通式III的化合物以及至少一种通式IV的化合物:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000001
其中,所述R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7各自独立地表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基或烯氧基,其中1-10个碳原子可以为1个碳原子、2个碳原子、3个碳原子、4个碳原子、5个碳原子、6个碳原子、7个碳原子、8个碳原子、9个碳原子、10个碳原子,2-10个碳原子可以为2个碳原子、3个碳原子、4个碳原子、5个碳原子、6个碳原子、7个碳原子、8个碳原子、9个碳原子、10个碳原子,示例性的选自-CH 3、-CH 2-CH 3、-CH 2-CH 2-CH 3、-CH 2-CH 2-CH 2-CH 3
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000002
-CH 2-O-、-CH 2-O-CH 2-、-CH=CH-、-CH=CH-CH 2-等;
所述Z 1、Z 2和Z 3各自独立地表示单键、-COO-、-O-CO-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CH 2-CH 2-、-CH=CH-、-OCH 2-或-CH 2-O-;
所述L 1和L 2各自独立地表示-F或-Cl;
所述L 3和L 4各自独立地表示-H或-CH 3
所述环A1、环A2和环A3各自独立地表示
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000004
所述环A4和环A5各自独立地
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000006
其中虚线代表接入位,本申请中的虚线均代表接入位,后续不再赘述;
所述n1和n2各自独立地为0、1或2,当n1表示2时,环A2相同或不同,当n2表示2时,环A5相同或不同;
其中通式IV的化合物不包括通式II的化合物。
在本申请中,由于液晶组合物中同时包含通式I、II、III和IV的化合物,组分相互配合使得该组合物具有介电各向异性可调、光学各向异性适中、响应快、穿透率高以及低温互溶性良好等优点,其中通式I和II的化合物共同作用能够降低液晶显示器件的电压,并提高器件的显示性能;通式III和IV的化合物共同作用能够调节液晶的清亮点、折射率各向异性以及介电各向异性。
可选地,所述通式I的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-45%,例如1%、 5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%等,可选1-35%,进一步可选1-30%,再进一步可选1-25%,再进一步可选2-25%,更进一步可选5-25%。
可选地,所述通式II的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-30%,例如1%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%等,可选5%-25%。
在本申请中,通式I的化合物和通式II的化合物占液晶组合物总重量之和较高,则液晶组合物的低温性能得到改善,响应时间较短且最大穿透率也会有所提升,但是二者的总重量之和过高,则容易造成单一成分析出,影响低温性能。
可选地,所述通式III的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的10%-70%,例如10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%等,可选15%-65%,进一步可选20-60%。
可选地,所述通式IV的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-70%,例如1%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%等,可选5%-65%,进一步可选10%-60%。
可选地,所述通式I的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000008
可选地,所述通式II的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000010
可选地,所述通式III的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000013
其中,所述R 4和R 5的限定如上文所述,在此不再赘述。
可选地,所述通式III的化合物为具有III-1、III-2、III-3、III-4、III-9、III-11、III-12、III-13、III-15、III-16、III-18、III-19、III-20、III-21、III-22、III-23结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
可选地,所述通式III-1、III-2、III-3的化合物中,所述R 4和R 5中至少一个表示含有2-10个碳原子的卤代或未卤代的直链的烯基或烯氧基。
可选地,所述通式IV的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000015
其中,所述R 6和R 7的限定如上文所述,在此不再赘述。
另一方面,本申请提供一种液晶显示器件,所述液晶显示器件包括上述所述的液晶化合物。
相对于现有技术,本申请具有以下有益效果:
本申请的液晶组合物具有介电各向异性适中(其中Δn的范围为0.100-0.109)、光学各向异性适中(Δε的范围为(-2.8)-(-3.4))、响应快(在5V电压下响应时间低至5.55ms)、穿透率高(高至25%)、低温互溶性(出现晶析的粒径较高)良好等优点;液晶显示器件具有较短的响应时间以及较高的穿透率。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案。本领域技术人员应该明了,所述实施例仅仅是帮助理解本申请,不应视为对本申请的具体限制。
为了便于表达,在以下实施例中,液晶组合物的基团结构以表1中所列的代码来表示:
表1 液晶组合物中化合物基团结构代码
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000016
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000017
以如下结构式的化合物为例对其结构代码进行说明:
Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-000018
该结构式如果用表1所示代码表示,则可以表达为nCCEPCm,代码中n表示左端烷基的碳原子数,例如n为3,即表示该烷基为-C 3H 7,代码中C表示亚环己烷基,E表示酯基,P表示亚苯基,m表示右端烷基的碳原子数,例如m为2,即表示该烷基为-C 2H 5
在以下实施例中,性能测试项目的简写代号如表2所示。
表2 性能测试项目简写代号
测试项目代号 含义
Δn: 光学各向异性(589nm,25℃)
Δε: 介电各向异性(1KHz,25℃)
Cp: 清亮点(向列-各向同性相转变温度,℃)
γ1: 旋转粘度(mPa.s,25℃)
Tc 低温存储相变点(即向列相下限温度,℃)
V 90 阈值电压(在90%相对透过率时的特征电压)
T off 撤电时,从90%透过率降至10%透过率所需的时间(ms,25℃)
T 透过率(DMS 505测试仪,盒厚3.5μm)
其中,Cp(清亮点)是使用熔点仪定量法测试的;
Δn(光学各向异性)是使用阿贝测试仪测试得到的,测试温度为25℃,测试波长为589nm;
Δε(介电各向异性),Δε=ε∥-ε⊥,其中,ε∥为平行于分子轴的介电常数,ε⊥为垂直于分子轴的介电常数,测试条件:25±0.5℃,1kHz,测试盒为VA盒,盒厚6μm;
γ1(旋转粘度)是使用INSTEC:ALCTIR1测试得到的,测试条件为25±0.5℃,20微米平行盒;
V 90(阈值电压)是通过DMS505测试得到的,测试条件为25℃,方波,频率为60Hz,测试电压范围为0-10V。
T off是在撤电时,从90%透过率降至10%透过率所需的时间。测试盒为VA盒,盒厚3.5μm。
T透过率是利用DMS 505测试调光器件在25℃下,测试电压5V,频率60Hz,方波得到的透过率。所述调光器件为盒厚3.5μm的VA型测试盒。
在本以下实施例的液晶组合物中所采用的各成分,均可以通过公知的方法进行合成或者可以通过商业途径获得,所得液晶组合物的各成分经测试符合电子类化合物标准。
以下实施例中的液晶组合物按照各组分配比(各实施例中组分末尾的括号中为所述组分的归属通式),并通过常规制备方法如采用加热、超声波、悬浮等方式混合得到液晶组合物。
实施例1
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 2% Cp(℃) 76
3CPP2(III-11) 12% Δn 0.104
3CPWO2(II) 6% Δε -3.4
3CCP1(III-12) 1% γ1(mPa·s) 104
3CCWO2(IV-2) 6%    
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 23%    
5PP1(III-3) 9%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
4C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
实施例2
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 5% Cp(℃) 75
2CPP3(III-11) 10% Δn 0.104
3CPWO2(II) 6% Δε -3.4
3CCWO2(IV-2) 6% γ1(mPa·s) 100
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 22%    
3CCV(III-1) 1%    
5PP1(III-3) 9%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
4C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
实施例3
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 10% Cp(℃) 75
2CPP3(III-11) 5% Δn 0.103
3CPWO2(II) 6% Δε -3.4
3CCWO2(IV-2) 6% γ1(mPa·s) 95
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 23%    
5PP1(III-3) 8%    
3CPO2(III-2) 1%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
3C1OWO3(IV-3) 3%    
实施例4
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 10% Cp(℃) 74.5
3CPPV2(III-11) 4% Δn 0.104
3CPWO2(II) 10% Δε -3.4
4CPWO2(II) 2% γ1(mPa·s) 87
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 25%    
5PP1(III-3) 8%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
实施例5
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 12% Cp(℃) 75
1V2CPP2(III-11) 2% Δn 0.105
3CPWO2(II) 12% Δε -3.3
3CECWO2(IV-1) 2% γ1(mPa·s) 80
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 4%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 23%    
3CC3(III-1) 2%    
5PP1(III-3) 8%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
4C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
实施例6
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在 下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 8% Cp(℃) 75
3CPP2V1(I-2) 6% Δn 0.106
3CPWO2(II) 12% Δε -3.4
3PPWO2(IV-6) 1% γ1(mPa·s) 75
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 5%    
3CC1OWO3(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 23%    
3CCV1(III-1) 2%    
5PP1(III-3) 8%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
对比例1
在本对比例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2(III-11) 5% Cp(℃) 76
3CPP2(III-11) 11% Δn 0.104
3CCWO2(IV-2) 12% Δε -3.4
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 13% γ1(mPa·s) 110
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 10.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 21%    
5PP1(III-3) 10%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8.5%    
4C1OWO2(IV-3) 3%    
由实施例1-6和对比例1的对比可知,本申请的液晶组合物的旋转粘度有所降低,能够提高液晶显示器件的响应速度,改善残影问题。由实施例1-6和对比例1的对比可知,本申请的液晶组合物中通式Ⅰ和通式Ⅱ化合物具有降低 旋转粘度的效果,因而能够提高液晶显示器件的响应速度,改善残影问题。
将实施例1-6和对比例1得到的液晶组合物在-20℃低温观察瓶和-30℃的液晶低温测试盒中每日观察是否有析出,结果见表3:
表3
  -20℃低温观察瓶 -30℃液晶低温测试盒
对比例1 7天晶析 10天晶析
实施例1 8天晶析 12天晶析
实施例2 8天晶析 12天晶析
实施例3 10天晶析 14天晶析
实施例4 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
实施例5 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
实施例6 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
将实施例1-6和对比例1得到的液晶组合物进行响应测试,结果见表4:
表4
  V 90 T off(5V)/ms T
对比例1 4.71 6.21 22.1%
实施例1 4.70 6.15 22.3%
实施例2 4.69 6.10 22.6%
实施例3 4.68 5.95 22.8%
实施例4 4.66 5.85 23.5%
实施例5 4.64 5.76 23.8%
实施例6 4.62 5.70 24.1%
通过表3和表4可以看出:本申请的液晶组合物具有较短的响应时间和最大穿透率以及较低的阈值电压;实施例1-6提供的液晶具有适当的介电异性和光学各向异性,且响应较快。对比例1相对于实施例1-6仅不包含通式Ⅰ和通式Ⅱ化合物,低温互溶性明显差于实施例。且实施例1-6的旋转黏度随着通式Ⅰ和通式Ⅱ化合物含量的增加明显降低,实施例6的旋转黏度较对比例1约降低8%,且穿透率更高,在相对较久时间内不会出现偏析现象。
实施例7
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPP2V1(I-2) 5% Cp(℃) 76
3CPO2(III-2) 2% Δn 0.105
3CPP2(III-11) 9% Δε -2.8
3CCEPC3(III-22) 1% γ1(mPa·s) 98
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 10%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 7%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 11%    
3CC2(III-1) 20%    
4CC3(III-1) 4%    
5PP1(III-3) 11%    
3PPO2(III-3) 3%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 1.5%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 5.5%    
3CPWO2(II) 9%    
3CPWO4O1(II) 1%    
实施例8
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPP2V1(I-2) 4% Cp(℃) 75
2CPP2V1(I-1) 4% Δn 0.103
3CPO2(III-2) 2% Δε -2.8
3CPP2(III-11) 6% γ1(mPa·s) 94
3CCPC3(III-18) 1%    
3CWO2(IV-1) 1%    
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 9%    
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 7%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 11%    
3CC2(III-1) 20%    
4CC3(III-1) 4%    
5PP1(III-3) 11%    
3PPO2(III-3) 3%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 2%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 5%    
3CPWO2(II) 10%    
实施例9
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPP2V1(I-2) 4% Cp(℃) 75
2CPP2V1(I-1) 4% Δn 0.105
4CPP2V1(I-3) 6% Δε -3.0
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 8% γ1(mPa·s) 73
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 6.5%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 9.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 20%    
4CC3(III-1) 4%    
5PP1(III-3) 12%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 4.5%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 6.5%    
3CPWO2(II) 7%    
3CPWO3(II) 8%    
实施例10
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPP2V1(I-2) 5% Cp(℃) 74
2CPP2V1(I-1) 6% Δn 0.109
4CPP2V1(I-3) 8% Δε -3.0
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 11.5% γ1(mPa·s) 68
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 4.5%    
5CC1OWO2(IV-4) 7%    
3CC2(III-1) 19%    
5PP1(III-3) 12.5%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 5.5%    
3C1OWO3(IV-3) 3%    
2CPWO2(II) 6%    
5CPWO2(II) 6%    
3CPWO2(II) 6%    
实施例11
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
2CPP2V1(I-1) 7% Cp(℃) 74
3CPP2V1(I-2) 7% Δn 0.108
5CPP2V1(I-4) 7% Δε -3.0
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 11.5% γ1(mPa·s) 63
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 4.5%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 3%    
3CCV2(III-1) 1%    
3CC2(III-1) 18%    
5PP1(III-3) 9.5%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 5.5%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 5%    
3CPWO2(II) 8%    
2PP2V1(III-3) 1%    
2V1CPWO2(II) 5%    
5CPWO2(II) 7%    
实施例12
在本实施例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPP2V1(I-2) 7% Cp(℃) 74
2CPP2V1(I-1) 8% Δn 0.108
4CPP2V1(I-3) 8% Δε -2.9
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 11.5% γ1(mPa·s) 59
3CC1OWO3(IV-4) 3.5%    
3CC2(III-1) 16%    
3CCV1(III-1) 3%    
5PP1(III-3) 8.5%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 8%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 4.5%    
3CPWO2(II) 8%    
2CPWO2(II) 7%    
5CPWO2(II) 7%    
对比例2
在本对比例中,液晶组合物包括如下表所示质量百分含量的组分,并且在下表中列出了其性能测试结果:
3CPO2(III-2) 2% Cp(℃) 75
3CPP2(III) 12% Δn 0.100
3CPPC3(III-11) 1% Δε -2.8
3C1OWO2(IV-3) 10% γ1(mPa·s) 108
2CC1OWO2(IV-4) 7%    
3CC1OWO2(IV-4) 11%    
3CCWO2(IV-2) 8%    
3CC2(III-1) 20%    
4CC3(III-1) 4%    
2CPP2(III-11) 2%    
5PP1(III-3) 11%    
3PPO2(III-3) 3%    
2C1OWO2(IV-3) 1%    
5C1OWO2(IV-3) 6%    
3CPWO2(II) 1%    
1VCPWO2(II) 1%    
由实施例7-12和对比例2的对比可知,本申请的液晶组合物通过添加通式I的化合物和通式II的化合物,液晶组合物的旋转粘度有所降低,能够提高液晶显示器件的响应速度,改善残影问题。
将实施例7-12和对比例2得到的液晶组合物在-20℃低温观察瓶和-30℃的液晶低温测试盒中每日观察是否有析出,结果见表5:
表5
  -20℃低温观察瓶 -30℃液晶低温测试盒
对比例2 7天晶析 10天晶析
实施例7 9天晶析 14天晶析
实施例8 10天晶析 15天晶析
实施例9 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
实施例10 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
实施例11 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
实施例12 10天未发生晶析 15天未发生晶析
将实施例7-12和对比例2-3得到的液晶组合物进行响应测试,结果见表6:
表6
  V 90 T off(5V)/ms T
对比例2 4.71 6.19 22.2%
实施例7 4.67 6.11 23.1%
实施例8 4.65 6.08 23.3%
实施例9 4.60 5.75 24.2%
实施例10 4.57 5.64 24.5%
实施例11 4.54 5.59 24.8%
实施例12 4.51 5.55 25.0%
通过表5和表6可以看出:本申请的液晶组合物具有较高的响应时间和最大穿透率以及较低的阈值电压;对比例2相对于实施例7-12仅不包含通式I化合物,低温互溶性能明显差于实施例7-12。随着通式I的化合物和通式II的化合物的添加百分含量之和增加(通过实施例7-12对比),液晶化合物的响应时间逐渐提升,对测试光源的最大穿透率也逐渐增加,且在相对较久时间内不会出现偏析现象,即相同的条件下,通式I的化合物和通式II的化合物的添加百分含量之和较大,液晶显示器件能够得到较快的响应时间和较高的穿透率。此外,对比实施例1-12可以看出,本申请中,当液晶组合物至少满条件足a)或b)之一时,液晶组合物的性能进一步提高,其中条件a)液晶组合物中含有至少两种通式I的化合物,条件b)通式I的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的至少10%以上。例如实施例1-6中,实施例1、2不满足条件a)且不满足条件b),而实施例3-5仅满足条件a)或条件b)之一,实施例6既满足条件a)又满足条件b),以上数据显示,实施例3-5的效果优于实施例1、2的效果,实施例6的效果最优。又例如实施例7-12中,实施例7不满足条件a)且不满足条件b), 而实施例8仅满足条件a)或条件b)之一,实施例9-12既满足条件a)又满足条件b),以上数据显示,实施例8的效果优于实施例7的效果,实施例9-12的效果最优。因此,本申请中,液晶组合物不满足条件a)或b)、满足之一、到满足两者,液晶组合物的性能呈现提高的趋势。
申请人声明,以上所述仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此。本申请的保护范围由权利要求书限定。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种液晶组合物,其中,所述液晶组合物包含至少一种通式I的化合物、至少一种通式II的化合物、至少一种通式III的化合物以及至少一种通式IV的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100001
    其中,所述R 1、R 2、R 3、R 4、R 5、R 6和R 7各自独立地表示含有1-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烷基或烷氧基、含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链的烯基或烯氧基;
    所述Z 1、Z 2和Z 3各自独立地表示单键、-CO-O-、-O-CO-、-CF 2O-、-OCF 2-、-CH 2-CH 2-、-CH=CH-、-OCH 2-或-CH 2O-;
    所述L 1和L 2各自独立地表示-F或-Cl;
    所述L 3和L 4各自独立地表示-H或-CH 3
    所述环A1、环A2和环A3各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100002
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100004
    所述环A4和环A5各自独立地表示
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100006
    其中虚线代表接入位;
    所述n1和n2各自独立地表示0、1或2,当n1表示2时,环A2相同或不同,当n2表示2时,环A5相同或不同;
    其中通式IV的化合物不包括通式II的化合物;
    所述通式IV的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100008
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其中,通式IV的化合物中含有至少一种通式IV-3的化合物和至少一种通式IV-4的化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100009
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液晶组合物,其中,通式I的化合物还至少满足如下条件a)或条件b)之一:
    a)所述液晶组合物中含有至少两种通式I的化合物;
    b)所述通式I的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的至少10%以上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式I的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-45%,可选1-35%,进一步可选1-30%,再进一步可选1-25%,再进一步可选2-25%,更进一步可选5-25%。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式II的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-30%,可选5%-25%。
  6. 根据权利要求1、4或5中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的10%-70%,可选15%-65%,进一步可选20-60%。
  7. 根据权利要求1或4-6中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式IV的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-70%,可选5%-65%,进一步可选10%-60%。
  8. 根据权利要求1或4-7中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式I的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100010
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100011
  9. 根据权利要求1或4-8中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100014
    所述R 4和R 5具有与权利要求1相同的限定范围;
    可选地,所述通式III的化合物为具有III-1、III-2、III-3、III-4、III-9、III-11、III-12、III-13、III-15、III-16、III-18、III-19、III-20、III-21、III-22、III-23结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III-1、III-2、III-3的化合物中,所述R 4和R 5中至少一个表示含有2-10个碳原子的卤代或未卤代的直链的烯基或烯氧基。
  11. 一种液晶显示器件,其中,所述液晶显示器件包括如权利要求1或4-10中任一项所述的液晶化合物。
  12. 根据权利要求2或3所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式I的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-45%,可选1-35%,进一步可选1-30%,再进一步可选1-25%,再进一步可选2-25%,更进一步可选5-25%。
  13. 根据权利要求2、3或12中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式II的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-30%,可选5%-25%。
  14. 根据权利要求2、3、12或13中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的10%-70%,可选15%-65%,进一步可选20-60%。
  15. 根据权利要求2、3或12-14中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式IV的化合物占液晶组合物总重量的1%-70%,可选5%-65%,进一步可选10%-60%。
  16. 根据权利要求2、3或12-15中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述 通式I的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100015
  17. 根据权利要求2、3或12-16中任一项所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III的化合物为具有如下结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合:
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100016
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100017
    Figure PCTCN2020091825-appb-100018
    所述R 4和R 5具有与权利要求2或3相同的限定范围;
    可选地,所述通式III的化合物为具有III-1、III-2、III-3、III-4、III-9、III-11、III-12、III-13、III-15、III-16、III-18、III-19、III-20、III-21、III-22、III-23结构的化合物中的任意一种或至少两种的组合。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的液晶组合物,其中,所述通式III-1、III-2、III-3的化合物中,所述R 4和R 5中至少一个表示含有2-10个碳原子的卤代或未卤代的直链的烯基或烯氧基。
  19. 一种液晶显示器件,其中,所述液晶显示器件包括如权利要求2、3或12-18中任一项所述的液晶化合物。
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