WO2020244171A1 - 一种动物行为学测试系统 - Google Patents

一种动物行为学测试系统 Download PDF

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WO2020244171A1
WO2020244171A1 PCT/CN2019/120889 CN2019120889W WO2020244171A1 WO 2020244171 A1 WO2020244171 A1 WO 2020244171A1 CN 2019120889 W CN2019120889 W CN 2019120889W WO 2020244171 A1 WO2020244171 A1 WO 2020244171A1
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box
behavioral
gas
module
animal
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刘浩然
王枫
王立平
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/48—Other medical applications
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/16—Devices for psychotechnics; Testing reaction times ; Devices for evaluating the psychological state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/40—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the nervous system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61D—VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, IMPLEMENTS, TOOLS, OR METHODS
    • A61D7/00—Devices or methods for introducing solid, liquid, or gaseous remedies or other materials into or onto the bodies of animals
    • A61D7/04—Devices for anaesthetising animals by gases or vapours; Inhaling devices

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of life science research equipment, for example, to an animal behavior test system.
  • Animal behavior test devices in related technologies have the following shortcomings.
  • First, the behavior device has poor airtightness. When used in the study of anesthetized mice, the anesthetic gas is easily diffused, which affects the personal safety of experimental researchers and the monitoring of animal behavior
  • the method is single; second, generally only simple photography can be performed under sufficient light conditions, and behavior monitoring cannot be performed in a dark environment; third, most of the experimental stimuli need to be manually triggered and applied, and the subjective impact is relatively large, which has a great impact on researchers.
  • the dependence is also greater, and at the same time poor time accuracy is sacrificed; fourth, the function is relatively single, which limits the application range of behavioral research devices.
  • This application provides an animal behavior test system, which can simultaneously monitor experimental animals under sufficient light and dark conditions, and has good stimulus accuracy for experimental animals and more comprehensive functions.
  • a behavioral box which is configured to accommodate experimental animals; the behavioral box is provided with a gas inlet through which anesthetic gas can be input into the behavioral box; stimulus presentation A module, the stimulus presentation module is arranged on the behavioral box, the stimulus presentation module is configured to present stimuli toward the experimental animal; a light pulse stimulation module, the light output of the light pulse stimulation module The end extends into the behavioral box and is suitable for being connected to the head of an experimental animal; a video monitoring module, the video monitoring module includes a visible light monitoring component and an infrared monitoring component, the visible light monitoring component is configured to To monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under sufficient light conditions, the infrared monitoring component is configured to monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under dark conditions.
  • the behavioral box includes: a main box, at least one side of the main box is a light-transmitting sheet, and the visible light monitoring component is arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting sheet of the main box; Auxiliary box, the auxiliary box is connected with the main box, and the volume of the auxiliary box is smaller than the volume of the main box, at least one side of the auxiliary box is an infrared filter, so The infrared monitoring component is arranged corresponding to the infrared filter of the auxiliary box.
  • an opening is provided on the top wall of the main box, and the stimulation presentation module is a screen fitted to the opening.
  • the auxiliary box body is a rectangular parallelepiped, and all sides of the auxiliary box body are infrared filters.
  • the animal behavior testing system further includes: a gas inlet pipe, the gas inlet pipe is in communication with the gas inlet, and the gas inlet pipe is configured to input anesthesia into the behavior box. Gas; a gas recovery pipe, the gas recovery pipe is in communication with the behavioral box, the gas recovery pipe is configured to recover the gas inside the behavioral box; a gas sampling tube, the gas sampling tube and the The behavioral box is in communication, and the gas sampling tube is configured to extract the gas inside the behavioral box and output it to an external detection device.
  • the pipe diameter of the gas recovery pipe is larger than the pipe diameter of the gas inlet pipe, and the pipe diameter of the gas inlet pipe is larger than the pipe diameter of the gas sampling pipe.
  • the optical pulse stimulation module includes: a laser generator connected to the head of the experimental animal through an optical fiber; a waveform generator connected to the laser generator To adjust the laser parameters emitted by the laser generator.
  • the light pulse stimulation module further includes a suspension rod, one end of the suspension rod is connected to the inner wall of the behavioral box, and the other end of the suspension rod is provided with a universal joint, so The optical fiber is connected to the head of the experimental animal after passing through the universal joint.
  • an adjustment hole and an adjustment glove fitted on the adjustment hole are provided on the behavioral box.
  • the stimulus presentation module includes at least one of a light emitting device, a sound emitting device, and an odor generating device.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an animal behavior test system provided by a specific embodiment of the present application.
  • Behavioral box 1 main box 11, opening 111, adjustment hole 112, auxiliary box 12, stimulation presentation module 2, optical pulse stimulation module 3, laser generator 31, waveform generator 32, suspension rod 33, Video monitoring module 4, visible light monitoring component 41, infrared monitoring component 42, control module 5, gas inlet pipe 6, gas recovery pipe 7, gas sampling pipe 8.
  • the animal behavior testing system of this embodiment includes a behavioral box 1, a stimulation presentation module 2, a light pulse stimulation module 3, and a video monitoring module 4.
  • the behavioral box 1 is configured to accommodate For experimental animals, a gas inlet is provided on the behavioral box 1, and anesthetic gas can be input into the behavioral box 1 through the gas inlet.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 is set on the behavioral box 1.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 is configured to present stimuli toward the experimental animal.
  • the light output end of the light pulse stimulation module 3 extends into the behavioral box 1 and is suitable for Connected to the head of the experimental animal, the video monitoring module 4 includes a visible light monitoring component 41 and an infrared monitoring component 42.
  • the visible light monitoring component 41 is configured to monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under sufficient light conditions
  • the infrared monitoring component 42 is configured to monitor darkness. The behavior of experimental animals under conditions.
  • the video monitoring module 4 includes a visible light monitoring component 41 that can monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under sufficient light conditions and an infrared detection component that can monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under dark conditions. Therefore, it is possible to monitor the needs of animal behavior activities in a well-lit environment, and to monitor the needs of animal behavior activities in a dark environment. Especially for rodents such as mice, the activities in the dark environment are more in line with the nature of life in the natural environment, thereby better satisfying the needs of animal behavior research.
  • the instinctive fear response of animals depends on the level of awakening and consciousness of animals. Different awakening states may cause animals to fail to realize the arrival of dangerous stimuli in time, thus failing to make defensive responses in time, and ultimately threaten survival.
  • Anesthesia state is considered to be the state of the body as opposed to awakening. By comparing the behavior of anesthesia state and awakening state, researchers can obtain very valuable experimental data.
  • the anesthetic gas can be input into the behavioral box 1 to realize the anesthesia of the experimental animal. That is to say, the animal behavior test system of this embodiment can monitor the behavioral activities of experimental animals in anesthetized state, as well as the behavioral activities of experimental animals in awake state, which satisfies the need for research on the instinctive fear of animals. .
  • the light output end of the light pulse stimulation module 3 Since the light output end of the light pulse stimulation module 3 is connected to the head of the experimental animal, it can realize the bidirectional regulation of specific brain areas of the experimental animal, activate or inhibit specific neurons, and then observe the small area through the video monitoring module 4 Changes in mouse behavior can enable experimental animals to analyze the neural circuits of the relationship between instinctive fear and awakening, thereby helping people to explore the underlying neural mechanisms that are cross-species conservative and benefit post-traumatic stress disorder and anxiety. Wait for patients with fear-related diseases.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 can always add a specific stimulus toward the behavioral box 1, or the stimulus presentation module 2 can be connected to an external control module 5, and the control module 5 can be based on experimental requirements Adjust the direction of the stimulus presentation module 2 towards the stimulus type added to the behavioral box 1. Therefore, compared with the artificially added stimulation in the related art, the animal behavior test system of the present application can improve the accuracy and effectiveness of the added stimulation.
  • the animal behavior testing system may further include a control module 5, which communicates with the stimulation presentation module 2, the optical pulse stimulation module 3, and the video monitoring module 4 to transmit data, respectively.
  • the control module 5 assumes the role of the data control and processing center, and provides the setting, output and control of experimental stimulation parameters through computer programming and according to experimental needs. That is to say, when the control module 5 exists, the stimulus added by the stimulus presentation module 2 to the experimental animal is always under the control of the control module 5, which improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the added stimulus.
  • the commonly used stimulus that induces the instinctive fear response of mice can be automatically triggered by the program, thereby improving the accuracy of the experimental stimulus.
  • the material of the behavioral box 1 can be selected from methyl methacrylate materials, stainless steel, glass, etc. according to experimental requirements, and the joints of the various parts of the behavioral box 1 are directly fitted together during the production process. , To ensure the tightness, can prevent the anesthetic gas from leaking from the behavioral box 1, so as to better solve the problem that the anesthetic gas is easily diffused in related technologies and affects the personal safety of experimental researchers.
  • the visible light monitoring component 41 can be a conventional camera
  • the infrared monitoring component 42 can be an infrared camera.
  • the models of the visible light monitoring component 41 and the infrared monitoring component 42 are not limited here, and the two can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the behavioral box body 1 includes a main box body 11 and an auxiliary box body 12. At least one side of the main box body 11 is a light-transmitting sheet, and the visible light monitoring component 41 corresponds to the main box body 11.
  • the light-transmitting sheet is provided, the auxiliary box body 12 is in communication with the main box body 11, and the volume of the auxiliary box body 12 is smaller than the volume of the main box body 11.
  • At least one side of the auxiliary box 12 is an infrared filter, and the infrared monitoring component 42 is arranged corresponding to the infrared filter of the auxiliary box 12.
  • the volume of the auxiliary box 12 is smaller than the volume of the main box 11, when the stimulus presentation module 2 presents the visual stimulus that induces the experimental animal under dark conditions, the experimental animal has a high probability of showing a nest (that is, entering the inside of the auxiliary box 12)
  • the infrared monitoring component 42 corresponds to the infrared filter setting of the auxiliary box body 12, so the infrared monitoring component 42 can monitor the experimental animal's Behavioral activities.
  • the experimental animal is likely to move in the main cabinet 11 with a larger volume.
  • the visible light monitoring component 41 can monitor the behavior of the experimental animal in real time. Therefore, the partition design of the main box body 11 and the auxiliary box body 12 can better meet various experimental conditions and stimulation needs.
  • each side of the main box 11 is a transparent sheet. Therefore, the visible light monitoring component 41 can monitor the experimental animals without dead ends, which is beneficial to the behavioral research of the experimental animals.
  • the light-transmitting sheet on the main box 11 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and is not limited to the above description.
  • the auxiliary box body 12 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and all sides of the auxiliary box body 12 are infrared filters. Therefore, the infrared monitoring component 42 can monitor the experimental animals without dead ends, which is beneficial to the behavioral research of the experimental animals.
  • the infrared filter on the auxiliary box 12 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and is not limited to the above description.
  • an opening 111 is provided on the top wall of the main box 11, and the stimulation presentation module 2 is a screen fitted at the opening 111. Therefore, on the one hand, it is beneficial for the stimulation presentation module 2 to better emit stimuli toward the experimental animals. On the other hand, the opening 111 can be used as an entrance for placing the experimental animals, which reduces the hole structure on the main box 11 and improves The sealing performance of the main box 11 is improved.
  • the edge of the opening 111 is designed with soft silica gel.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 is closed on the opening 111, the airtightness of the main box 11 can be ensured, which prevents the leakage of anesthetic gas from affecting the experimenter. The safety of a kind of animal behavior test system.
  • a temperature sensor can be added to the stimulus presentation module 2 to monitor the temperature inside the behavioral box 1, or a camera can be installed on the stimulus presentation module 2 to realize the experiment Animal shooting.
  • the animal behavior test system further includes a gas inlet pipe 6, a gas recovery pipe 7, and a gas sampling pipe 8.
  • the gas inlet pipe 6 is in communication with the behavioral box 1, and the gas inlet pipe 6 It is configured to input experimental gas toward the behavioral box 1, the gas recovery tube 7 is connected to the behavioral box 1, the gas recovery tube 7 is configured to recover the gas inside the behavioral box 1, and the gas sampling tube 8 is connected to the behavioral box.
  • the box 1 is in communication, and the gas sampling tube 8 is configured to extract the gas inside the behavioral box 1 and output it to an external detection device.
  • the existence of the gas sampling tube 8 can realize real-time monitoring of the gas concentration and composition inside the behavioral box 1 and accurately monitor the anesthesia state of the experimental animal, which is beneficial to the study of animal behavior.
  • the diameter of the gas recovery pipe 7 is greater than the diameter of the gas inlet pipe 6, and the diameter of the gas inlet pipe 6 is greater than that of the gas sampling pipe 8.
  • the gas inside the behavioral box 1 needs to be recovered after the experiment is completed. Setting the diameter of the gas recovery pipe 7 to be larger is beneficial to the rapid recovery of the gas inside the behavioral box 1 and improves the efficiency of the experiment.
  • the diameter of the gas inlet pipe 6 is relatively small, which can better control the flow of the anesthetic gas toward the behavioral box 1, so as to better control the anesthesia state of the experimental animal.
  • the diameter of the gas sampling tube 8 is small, which has less impact on the gas environment in the behavioral box 1 during the sampling process.
  • the small diameter of the gas sampling tube 8 can ensure that the internal The stable sampling of gas can also reduce the influence on the gas concentration in the behavioral box 1, thereby reducing the possibility of large changes in the anesthesia state of the experimental animals during the experiment.
  • the pipe diameters of the above three types of pipes can be designed according to actual needs, and are not limited to the above limitations.
  • the optical pulse stimulation module 3 includes a laser generator 31 and a waveform generator 32.
  • the laser generator 31 is connected to the head of the experimental animal through an optical fiber, and the waveform generator 32 is connected to the laser generator.
  • the device 31 is connected to adjust the laser parameters emitted by the laser generator 31. thus.
  • the light stimulation parameters required for optogenetic experiments such as duty cycle, amplitude, and wave width, can be realized.
  • the models of the laser generator 31 and the waveform generator 32 are not limited here, and the models of the laser generator 31 and the waveform generator 32 can be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the light pulse stimulation module 3 further includes a suspension rod 33.
  • One end of the suspension rod 33 is connected to the inner wall of the behavioral box 1, and the other end of the suspension rod 33 is provided with a universal joint, and the optical fiber is connected to the head of the experimental animal after passing through the universal joint.
  • the optical fiber connecting the head of the experimental animal will not affect the free movement of the experimental animal due to the weight, and the phenomenon of the optical fiber entanglement can be prevented.
  • an adjustment hole 112 and an adjustment glove fitted on the adjustment hole are provided on the behavioral box 1. Therefore, if the experiment requires manual intervention in certain activities and postures of the experimental animal, the hand can be stretched through the adjustment hole 112 to adjust the interior of the learning box 1, thereby facilitating the behavioral research of the animal. Adjusting the presence of gloves can prevent the experimental animal from scratching or biting the experimental personnel while ensuring the tightness of the behavioral box 1.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 includes at least one of a light emitting device, a sound emitting device, and an odor generating device.
  • the animal behavior testing system can also ensure that the acoustic wave positioning device, the fluorescence imaging device, etc., can realize real-time monitoring of experimental animals.
  • the animal behavior system of this embodiment includes a behavioral box 1, a stimulation presentation module 2, a light pulse stimulation module 3, a video monitoring module 4, and a control module 5.
  • the behavioral box 1 is configured to accommodate For experimental animals, a gas inlet is provided on the behavioral box 1, and anesthetic gas can be input into the behavioral box 1 through the gas inlet.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 is set on the behavioral box 1.
  • the stimulus presentation module 2 is configured to present stimuli toward the experimental animal.
  • the light output end of the light pulse stimulation module 3 extends into the behavioral box 1 and is suitable for Connected to the head of the experimental animal, the video monitoring module 4 includes a visible light monitoring component 41 and an infrared monitoring component 42.
  • the visible light monitoring component 41 is configured to monitor the behavior of the experimental animal under sufficient light conditions, and the infrared monitoring component 42 is configured to monitor darkness. The behavior of experimental animals under conditions.
  • the control module 5 communicates with the stimulation presentation module 2, the light pulse stimulation module 3, and the video monitoring module 4 respectively to transmit data.
  • the behavioral box 1 includes a main box 11 and an auxiliary box 12, the main box 11 is formed as a rectangular parallelepiped, the front side of the main box 11 is a light-transmitting sheet, and the visible light monitoring component 41 is arranged corresponding to the light-transmitting sheet of the main box 11. .
  • An opening 111 is provided on the top wall of the main box 11, and the stimulation presentation module 2 is a screen fitted to the opening 111.
  • An adjustment hole 112 is provided on the side wall of the behavioral box 1.
  • the auxiliary tank 12 is in communication with the main tank 11, and the volume of the auxiliary tank 12 is smaller than the volume of the main tank 11.
  • the auxiliary box body 12 is formed as a rectangular parallelepiped, and each side of the auxiliary box body 12 is an infrared transparent sheet.
  • the behavioral box 1 is provided with a gas inlet pipe 6, a gas recovery pipe 7, and a gas sampling pipe 8, which are connected to it.
  • the gas inlet pipe 6 is configured to input experimental gas toward the behavioral box 1
  • the gas recovery pipe 7 is configured
  • the gas sampling tube 8 is connected to the behavioral box 1
  • the gas sampling tube 8 is configured to extract the gas from the behavioral box 1 and output it to an external detection device.
  • the pipe diameter of the gas recovery pipe 7 is larger than the pipe diameter of the gas inlet pipe 6, and the pipe diameter of the gas inlet pipe 6 is larger than the pipe diameter of the gas sampling pipe 8.
  • the optical pulse stimulation module 3 includes a laser generator 31, a waveform generator 32, and a suspension rod 33.
  • the laser generator 31 is connected to the head of the experimental animal through an optical fiber
  • the waveform generator 32 is connected to the laser generator 31 to adjust the laser generation.
  • One end of the suspension rod 33 is connected to the inner wall of the behavioral box 1, and the other end of the suspension rod 33 is provided with a universal joint, and the optical fiber is connected to the head of the experimental animal after passing through the universal joint.
  • the animal behavior system of this embodiment can be used for behavioral research on instinctive fear, awakening, and anesthesia. It can also study the behavioral representation of animal models of mental diseases such as epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease.
  • the behavioral box 1 can be filled with gas anesthetics such as isoflurane, and is equipped with a gas sampling tube 8 to ensure the personal safety of the experimenters Safety and accuracy of gas concentration.
  • gas anesthetics such as isoflurane
  • the stimulus applied to the experimental animal can be automatically triggered by the program of the control module 5, which improves the accuracy of the experimental stimulus.
  • the light pulse stimulation module 3 is set up, taking into account the combination of conventional behavioral experiments and optogenetic technology, it can give full play to the advantages of optogenetic technology, and investigate specific behavior indicators in the state of free movement of experimental animals.

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Abstract

一种动物行为学测试系统，包括：行为学箱体（1），行为学箱体（1）被配置为容纳实验动物，行为学箱体（1）上设有气体入口，可通过气体入口向行为学箱体（1）内部输入麻醉气体；刺激呈现模组（2），刺激呈现模组（2）设在行为学箱体（1）上，刺激呈现模组（2）被配置为朝向动物呈现刺激；光脉冲刺激模组（3），光脉冲刺激模组（3）的光输出端伸入行为学箱体（1）内部，且适于与实验动物的头部相连；视频监测模组（4），视频监测模组（4）包括可见光监测组件（41）和红外监测组件（42），可见光监测组件（41）被配置为监测光线充足条件下实验动物的行为，红外监测组件（42）被配置为监测黑暗条件下实验动物的行为。

Description

一种动物行为学测试系统
本申请要求在2019年06月04日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910483279.6的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及生命科学研究设备技术领域，例如涉及一种动物行为学测试系统。
背景技术
市面上已有多种多样的、商业化成熟的动物行为学监测装置，比如，旷场测试、水迷宫、八臂迷宫、三箱社交测试等，但应用于本能恐惧及觉醒状态研究的行为系统依然缺乏。相关技术中的动物行为学测试装置具有以下缺点，第一，行为装置密闭性不好，当应用于麻醉状态小鼠研究时，麻醉气体容易扩散，影响实验研究人员的人身安全，动物行为的监测方式单一；第二，一般只能在光线充足的条件下进行简单的摄像，无法在黑暗环境中进行行为监测；第三，实验刺激大多需要人工触发、施加，主观影响较大，对研究人员的依赖性也较大，同时牺牲的还有较差的时间精确性；第四，功能较为单一，限制了行为研究装置的应用范围。
发明内容
本申请提供一种动物行为学测试系统，该动物行为学测试系统可同时在光线充足和黑暗的条件下对实验动物进行监测，对实验动物的刺激准确性较好，功能较为全面。
本申请实施例提供的一种动物行为学测试系统，包括：
行为学箱体，所述行为学箱体被配置为容纳实验动物；所述行为学箱体上设有气体入口，可通过所述气体入口向所述行为学箱体内部输入麻醉气体；刺激呈现模组，所述刺激呈现模组设在所述行为学箱体上，所述刺激呈现模组被配置为朝向实验动物呈现刺激；光脉冲刺激模组，所述光脉冲刺激模组的光输出端伸入所述行为学箱体内部，且适于与实验动物的头部相连；视频监测模组，所述视频监测模组包括可见光监测组件和红外监测组件，所述可见光监测组件被配置为监测光线充足条件下实验动物的行为，所述红外监测组件被配置为监测黑暗条件下实验动物的行为。
在一些实施例中，所述行为学箱体包括：主箱体，所述主箱体的至少一个侧面为透光片所述可见光监测组件对应所述主箱体的所述透光片设置；辅助箱体，所述辅助箱体与所述主箱体连通，且所述辅助箱体的体积小于所述主箱体的体积，所述辅助箱体的至少一个侧面为红外滤光片，所述红外监测组件对应所述辅助箱体的所述红外滤光片设置。
在一些实施例中，所述主箱体的顶壁上设有开口，所述刺激呈现模组为配合在所述开口处的屏幕。
在一些实施例中，所述辅助箱体为长方体，所述辅助箱体的全部侧面均为红外滤光片。
在一些实施例中，所述的动物行为学测试系统还包括：气体进口管，所述气体进口管与所述气体入口连通，所述气体进口管被配置为向所述行为学箱体内输入麻醉气体；气体回收管，所述气体回收管与所述行为学箱体连通，所述气体回收管被配置为回收所述行为学箱体内部的气体；气体抽样管，所述气体抽样管与所述行为学箱体连通，所述气体抽样管被配置为抽取所述行为学箱体内部的气体并输出至外部检测装置。
在一些实施例中，所述气体回收管的管径大于所述气体进口管的管径，所述气体进口管的管径大于所述气体抽样管的管径。
在一些实施例中，所述光脉冲刺激模组包括：激光发生器，所述激光发生器通过光纤与实验动物的头部相连；波形发生器，所述波形发生器与所述激光发生器相连，以调整所述激光发生器发出的激光参数。
在一些实施例中，所述光脉冲刺激模组还包括悬挂杆，所述悬挂杆的一端连接在所述行为学箱体的内壁上，所述悬挂杆的另一端设有万向接头，所述光纤穿过所述万向接头后与实验动物的头部相连。
在一些实施例中，所述行为学箱体上设有调整孔及配合在所述调整孔上的调整手套。
在一些实施例中，所述刺激呈现模组包括发光装置、发声装置及气味发生装置中的至少一种。
附图说明
图1是本申请具体实施方式提供的动物行为学测试系统的结构示意图。
附图标记：
行为学箱体1、主箱体11、开口111、调整孔112、辅助箱体12、刺激呈现 模组2、光脉冲刺激模组3、激光发生器31、波形发生器32、悬挂杆33、视频监测模组4、可见光监测组件41、红外监测组件42、控制模组5、气体进口管6、气体回收管7、气体抽样管8。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并通过具体实施方式来说明本申请的技术方案。
下面参考图1描述本申请实施例的动物行为学测试系统的结构。
如图1所示，本实施例的动物行为学测试系统包括行为学箱体1、刺激呈现模组2、光脉冲刺激模组3和视频监测模组4，行为学箱体1被配置为容纳实验动物，行为学箱体1上设有气体入口，可通过气体入口向行为学箱体1内部输入麻醉气体。刺激呈现模组2设在行为学箱体1上，刺激呈现模组2被配置为朝向实验动物呈现刺激，光脉冲刺激模组3的光输出端伸入行为学箱体1内部，且适于与实验动物的头部相连，视频监测模组4包括可见光监测组件41和红外监测组件42，可见光监测组件41被配置为监测光线充足条件下实验动物的行为，红外监测组件42被配置为监测黑暗条件下实验动物的行为。
在本实施例中，视频监测模组4包括可在光线充足的条件下监测实验动物行为的可见光监测组件41以及可在黑暗条件下监测实验动物行为的红外检测组件。由此，既能在光线充足的环境中监测动物行为活动的需求，又能在黑暗环境中监测动物行为活动的需求。尤其是对于小鼠这类啮齿类动物，其黑暗环境中的活动更符合其自然环境下生活的天性，由此更好的满足了对动物行为学研究的需要。
动物本能的恐惧反应有赖于动物觉醒水平、意识水平的高低，不同的觉醒状态可能会导致动物无法及时意识到危险性刺激的到来，从而无法及时做出防御性反应，最终威胁到生存。麻醉状态被认为是和觉醒相对的机体状态，通过对麻醉状态与觉醒状态的行为学对比，研究者可获取十分有价值的实验数据。而在本实施例中，可以朝向行为学箱体1内部输入麻醉气体，从而实现实验动物的麻醉。也就是说，本实施例的动物行为学测试系统既能监测麻醉状态的实验动物的行为活动，又能监测清醒状态的实验动物的行为活动，较好地满足了对动物的本能恐惧研究的需要。
由于光脉冲刺激模组3的光输出端与实验动物的头部相连，由此可实现对实验动物特定脑区的双向调控，激活或抑制特异性神经元，之后通过视频监测模组4观察小鼠行为上的变化，可以实现实验动物对本能恐惧及觉醒关系的神经环路进行解析，从而有助于人们探明背后具有跨物种保守性的神经机制，造福于创伤后应激障碍、焦虑症等恐惧相关疾病的患者。
在本申请中，刺激呈现模组2可以始终朝向行为学箱体1添加特定的某种刺激，也可以是刺激呈现模组2与外部的控制模组5相连，控制模组5可以根据实验要求调整刺激呈现模组2的朝向行为学箱体1添加的刺激类型。由此，相比与相关技术中的人为添加刺激，本申请的动物行为学测试系统都可提高添加刺激的精准度和实效性。
一实施例中，动物行为学测试系统还可以包括控制模组5，分别与刺激呈现模组2、光脉冲刺激模组3及视频监测模组4通信以传输数据。控制模组5承担着数据控制及处理中枢的角色，通过计算机编程、根据实验需求，提供实验刺激参数的设定、输出和控制。也就是说当控制模组5存在时，刺激呈现模组2给实验动物添加的刺激始终是在控制模组5的控制下的，提高了添加刺激的精准度和实效性。例如，常用的诱发小鼠本能恐惧反应的刺激，可通过程序实现自动化的刺激触发，从而提高了实验刺激的精确性。
一实施例中，行为学箱体1的材质根据实验需求可以从甲基丙烯酸甲酯材料、不锈钢、玻璃等材质中选择，行为学箱体1各个部分连接处在生产过程中直接嵌合在一起，保证密封性，可防止麻醉气体从行为学箱体1中泄漏，从而较好地解决了相关技术中麻醉气体容易扩散，影响实验研究人员的人身安全的问题。此外，可见光监测组件41可选择常规摄像头，而红外监测组件42可选用红外摄像机。在此不对可见光监测组件41及红外监测组件42的型号做出限定，二者可以根据实际需要进行选择。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，行为学箱体1包括主箱体11和辅助箱体12，主箱体11的至少一个侧面为透光片，可见光监测组件41对应主箱体11的透光片设置，辅助箱体12与主箱体11连通，且辅助箱体12的体积小于主箱体11的体积。辅助箱体12的至少一个侧面为红外滤光片，红外监测组件42对应辅助箱体12的红外滤光片设置。
由于辅助箱体12的体积小于主箱体11体积，黑暗条件下刺激呈现模组2呈现诱发实验动物的视觉刺激时，实验动物很大几率上会展现回窝(即进入辅助箱体12内部)的反应，此时由于辅助箱体12的至少一个侧面为红外滤光片，红外监测组件42对应辅助箱体12的红外滤光片设置，因此红外监测组件42能很好地实时监控实验动物的行为活动。而在光线充足的条件，实验动物很大几率在体积较大的主箱体11内活动，此时可见光监测组件41即可实时监控实验动物的行为活动。由此，主箱体11和辅助箱体12分区设计，能够较好地满足各种实验条件及刺激的需要。
在有的实施例中，主箱体11的各个侧面均为透光片。由此，可见光监测组件41能够无死角地对实验动物进行监测，有利于实验动物的行为学研究。当然， 在其他实施例中，主箱体11上的透光片可以根据实际情况做出调整，并不限于上述描述。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，辅助箱体12为长方体，辅助箱体12的全部侧面均为红外滤光片。由此，红外监测组件42能够无死角地对实验动物进行监测，有利于实验动物的行为学研究。当然，在其他实施例中，辅助箱体12上的红外滤光片可以根据实际情况做出调整，并不限于上述描述。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，主箱体11的顶壁上设有开口111，刺激呈现模组2为配合在开口111处的屏幕。由此，一方面有利于刺激呈现模组2较好地朝向实验动物发出刺激，另一方面，开口111可以作为放置实验动物的放入口，这样减少了主箱体11上的孔洞结构，提高了主箱体11的密封性能。
一实施例中，开口111的边缘设计有软性硅胶，刺激呈现模组2当盖合在开口111后可保证主箱体11的密闭性，避免了麻醉气体泄漏影响实验人员的现象发生，提高了一种动物行为学测试系统的安全性。
一实施例中，刺激呈现模组2为屏幕时，可以在刺激呈现模组2上加入温度传感器以监测行为学箱体1内部的温度，或者在刺激呈现模组2上安装摄像头以实现对实验动物的拍摄。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，动物行为学测试系统还包括气体进口管6、气体回收管7和气体抽样管8，气体进口管6与行为学箱体1连通，气体进口管6被配置为朝向行为学箱体1内输入实验气体，气体回收管7与行为学箱体1连通，气体回收管7被配置为回收行为学箱体1内部的气体，气体抽样管8与行为学箱体1连通，气体抽样管8被配置为抽取行为学箱体1内部的气体并输出至外部检测装置。由此，既能保证麻醉气体能够稳定的输入行为学箱体1，又能保证行为学箱体1内的气体稳定回收，避免了行为学箱体1内气体泄漏现象发生，保证了动物行为学测试系统的使用安全性。而气体抽样管8的存在能够实现行为学箱体1内部气体浓度、成分的实时监测，精准的监测实验动物处于何种麻醉状态，有利于对动物行为学的研究。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，气体回收管7的管径大于气体进口管6的管径，气体进口管6的管径大于气体抽样管8的管径。一般情况下在实验完毕后才需要回收行为学箱体1内部的气体，将气体回收管7的管径设置的较大，有利于行为学箱体1内部气体的快速回收，提高了实验效率。而气体进口管6的管径相对较小，能够较好地控制朝向行为学箱体1的麻醉气体的流量，从而更好实现对实验动物麻醉状态的控制。此外，气体抽样管8的直径较小，在抽样的过程中对行为学箱体1中的气体环境影响较小，也就是说气体抽样管8的直径较小既能保证对行为学箱体内部气体的稳定抽样，又能降低对行为学箱体1 中的气体浓度的影响，从而降低了实验过程中实验动物的麻醉状态发生较大变化的可能。当然，在其他实施例中，上述三种管道的管径可以根据实际需要设计，并不限于上述限定。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，光脉冲刺激模组3包括激光发生器31和波形发生器32，激光发生器31通过光纤与实验动物的头部相连，波形发生器32与激光发生器31相连，以调整激光发生器31发出的激光参数。由此。通过波形发生器32调节113激光发生器31发出的激光强度、出光形式，能够实现进行光遗传实验所需的光刺激参数，例如占空比、幅值、波宽等。这里不对激光发生器31和波形发生器32的型号做出限定，激光发生器31和波形发生器32的型号可以根据实际情况来选择。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，光脉冲刺激模组3还包括悬挂杆33。悬挂杆33的一端连接在行为学箱体1的内壁上，悬挂杆33的另一端设有万向接头，光纤穿过万向接头后与实验动物的头部相连。由此，让连接实验动物脑袋的光纤不会因重量影响实验动物自由活动，并且能够防止光纤缠绕的现象发生。
在一些实施例中，如图1所示，行为学箱体1上设有调整孔112及配合在调整孔上的调整手套。由此，如果实验需要人工干预实验动物的某些活动、姿态，可以将手通过调整孔112伸进行为学箱体1内部进行调整，从而方便了动物的行为学研究。调整手套的存在，在保证行为学箱体1的密封性的同时，可以避免实验动物抓伤或咬伤实验人员。
在一些实施例中，刺激呈现模组2包括发光装置、发声装置及气味发生装置中的至少一种。由此，可以朝向实验动物发出多种刺激，从而扩大动物行为学测试系统的适用范围。
在一些实施例中，动物行为学测试系统还可以保证声波定位装置，荧光成像装置等等来实现对实验动物的实时监测。
实施例：
下面根据图1描述本申请实施例的动物行为学系统的结构。
本实施例的包括动物行为学系统的包括行为学箱体1、刺激呈现模组2、光脉冲刺激模组3、视频监测模组4和控制模组5，行为学箱体1被配置为容纳实验动物，行为学箱体1上设有气体入口，可通过气体入口向行为学箱体1内部输入麻醉气体。刺激呈现模组2设在行为学箱体1上，刺激呈现模组2被配置为朝向实验动物呈现刺激，光脉冲刺激模组3的光输出端伸入行为学箱体1内部，且适于与实验动物的头部相连，视频监测模组4包括可见光监测组件41和红外监测组件42，可见光监测组件41被配置为监测光线充足条件下实验动物的 行为，红外监测组件42被配置为监测黑暗条件下实验动物的行为。控制模组5分别与刺激呈现模组2、光脉冲刺激模组3、视频监测模组4通信以传输数据。
行为学箱体1包括主箱体11和辅助箱体12，主箱体11形成为长方体，主箱体11的前侧面为透光片，可见光监测组件41对应主箱体11的透光片设置。主箱体11的顶壁上设有开口111，刺激呈现模组2为配合在开口111处的屏幕。行为学箱体1的侧壁上设有调整孔112。辅助箱体12与主箱体11连通，且辅助箱体12的体积小于主箱体11的体积。辅助箱体12形成为长方体，且辅助箱体12的各个侧面为红外透光片。
行为学箱体1上设有与其连通的气体进口管6、气体回收管7和气体抽样管8，气体进口管6被配置为朝向行为学箱体1内输入实验气体，气体回收管7被配置为回收行为学箱体1内部的气体，气体抽样管8与行为学箱体1连通，气体抽样管8被配置为抽取行为学箱体1内部的气体并输出至外部检测装置。气体回收管7的管径大于气体进口管6的管径，气体进口管6的管径大于气体抽样管8的管径。
光脉冲刺激模组3包括激光发生器31、波形发生器32和悬挂杆33，激光发生器31通过光纤与实验动物的头部相连，波形发生器32与激光发生器31相连，以调整激光发生器31发出的激光参数。悬挂杆33的一端连接在行为学箱体1的内壁上，悬挂杆33的另一端设有万向接头，光纤穿过万向接头后与实验动物的头部相连。
本实施例的动物行为学系统可用于本能恐惧、觉醒、麻醉状态的行为研究，还可以研究癫痫、阿尔兹海默症等精神疾病动物模型的行为表征。
本实施例的动物行为学系统具有以下特点：
(1)在生产过程中充分考虑了密闭性，当用于麻醉相关研究时，行为学箱体1内可充满异氟烷等气体麻醉剂，并配有气体抽样管8，保证了实验人员的人身安全及气体浓度的精确性。
(2)不但配备一般的可见光监测组件41，还结合了红外监测组件42，可以满足实验人员在黑暗环境中监测动物行为活动的需求。尤其适用于在黑暗环境中的活动更符合其自然环境下生活的天性的实验动物。
(3)朝向实验动物施加的刺激可通过控制模组5的程序实现自动化的刺激触发，提高实验刺激的精确性。
(4)设置了光脉冲刺激模组3，考虑到了常规行为学实验与光遗传技术的结合，可以充分发挥光遗传技术的特长，在实验动物自由移动的状态下考察特定的行为指标。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“有些实施例”、“其他实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种动物行为学测试系统，包括：
    行为学箱体(1)，所述行为学箱体(1)被配置为容纳实验动物，所述行为学箱体(1)上设有气体入口，可通过所述气体入口向所述行为学箱体(1)内部输入麻醉气体；
    刺激呈现模组(2)，所述刺激呈现模组(2)设在所述行为学箱体(1)上，所述刺激呈现模组(2)被配置为朝向实验动物呈现刺激；
    光脉冲刺激模组(3)，所述光脉冲刺激模组(3)的光输出端伸入所述行为学箱体(1)内部，且适于与实验动物的头部相连；
    视频监测模组(4)，所述视频监测模组(4)包括可见光监测组件(41)和红外监测组件(42)，所述可见光监测组件(41)被配置为监测光线充足条件下实验动物的行为，所述红外监测组件(42)被配置为监测黑暗条件下实验动物的行为。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述行为学箱体(1)包括：
    主箱体(11)，所述主箱体(11)的至少一个侧面为透光片，所述可见光监测组件(41)对应所述主箱体(11)的所述透光片设置；
    辅助箱体(12)，所述辅助箱体(12)与所述主箱体(11)连通，且所述辅助箱体(12)的体积小于所述主箱体(11)的体积，所述辅助箱体(12)的至少一个侧面为红外滤光片，所述红外监测组件(42)对应所述辅助箱体(12)的所述红外滤光片设置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述主箱体(11)的顶壁上设有开口(111)，所述刺激呈现模组(2)为配合在所述开口(111)处的屏幕。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，其中，所述辅助箱体(12)为长方体，所述辅助箱体(12)的全部侧面均为红外滤光片。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括：
    气体进口管(6)，所述气体进口管(6)与所述气体入口连通，所述气体进口管(6)被配置为向所述行为学箱体(1)内输入麻醉气体；
    气体回收管(7)，所述气体回收管(7)与所述行为学箱体(1)连通，所述气体回收管(7)被配置为回收所述行为学箱体(1)内部的气体；
    气体抽样管(8)，所述气体抽样管(8)与所述行为学箱体(1)连通，所述气体抽样管(8)被配置为抽取所述行为学箱体(1)内部的气体并输出至外部检测装置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的系统，其中，所述气体回收管(7)的管径大于所述气体进口管(6)的管径，所述气体进口管(6)的管径大于所述气体抽样管(8)的管径。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述光脉冲刺激模组(3)包括：
    激光发生器(31)，所述激光发生器(31)通过光纤与实验动物的头部相连；
    波形发生器(32)，所述波形发生器(32)与所述激光发生器(31)相连，以调整所述激光发生器(31)发出的激光参数。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，其中，所述光脉冲刺激模组(3)还包括悬挂杆(33)，所述悬挂杆(33)的一端连接在所述行为学箱体(1)的内壁上，所述悬挂杆(33)的另一端设有万向接头，所述光纤穿过所述万向接头后与实验动物的头部相连。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述行为学箱体(1)上设有调整孔(112)及配合在所述调整孔上的调整手套。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述刺激呈现模组(2)包括发光装置、发声装置及气味发生装置中的至少一种。
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