WO2020238984A1 - 基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法 - Google Patents

基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020238984A1
WO2020238984A1 PCT/CN2020/092698 CN2020092698W WO2020238984A1 WO 2020238984 A1 WO2020238984 A1 WO 2020238984A1 CN 2020092698 W CN2020092698 W CN 2020092698W WO 2020238984 A1 WO2020238984 A1 WO 2020238984A1
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Prior art keywords
vehicle group
under
lifting
column
support
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱慈祥
杨曦
朱世峰
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Wuhan Erhang Road & Bridge Special Engineering Co Ltd
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Wuhan Erhang Road & Bridge Special Engineering Co Ltd
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Priority to PH1/2021/553259A priority Critical patent/PH12021553259A1/en
Publication of WO2020238984A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020238984A1/zh
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D22/00—Methods or apparatus for repairing or strengthening existing bridges ; Methods or apparatus for dismantling bridges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of bridge lifting, shifting, dismantling, installation and construction, in particular to a vehicle group-based large-height lifting and shifting equipment for bridges and an implementation method thereof.
  • the existing jacking and hoisting technology can basically only move vertically, the jacking technology is complicated and basically can only move horizontally, and the rotating technology is very complicated and can only rotate limitedly.
  • the existing technology has requirements for Bridges with large headroom and rapid multi-directional displacement have poor adaptability and poor economy in combination.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide a vehicle-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment and an implementation method thereof. There is no limit, and the rapid dismantling, replacement and displacement of bridges (groups) with large clearance can be realized.
  • a vehicle group-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment includes a vehicle group and a lifting and moving support assembly.
  • the vehicle group is arranged at the lower part of the lifting and moving support assembly, and is characterized in that the lifting and moving support assembly includes :
  • each row of transforming connecting beams is fixedly installed with a plurality of vertical and parallel lower beam outer columns, and a plurality of and The inner column under the beam is arranged in parallel, the top of the inner column under the beam is fixedly connected with the bottom of the conversion connecting beam, and the bottom of the inner column under the beam is fixedly connected with the vehicle group;
  • a plurality of vertical and parallel beam support columns are fixedly installed on the upper part of the conversion connecting beam, and an upper distribution beam is fixedly installed on the beam support column, and the distribution beam is provided with a beam body for supporting the beam body.
  • the connection support is fixedly installed on the upper part of the conversion connecting beam, and an upper distribution beam is fixedly installed on the beam support column, and the distribution beam is provided with a beam body for supporting the beam body.
  • the configuration numbers of the upper beam support columns and the lower beam inner columns are the same, and the beam upper support columns and the beam lower inner columns are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction.
  • the outer column under the beam, the inner column under the beam, and the support column above the beam are all composed of multiple standard support sections.
  • a detachable bolt connection is adopted between multiple standard support sections.
  • the specifications and dimensions of the standard support section are the same.
  • the specifications and dimensions of the standard support section are different.
  • the standard support sections are all made in a modular manner.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the standard support section is cylindrical.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the standard support section is a square column.
  • the connecting support is made of flexible material.
  • the connecting support is a rubber block.
  • the supporting columns on two adjacent rows of beams are connected by a longitudinal bridge connecting piece.
  • the supporting uprights on the beams in the same row are connected to the connecting piece by a transverse bridge.
  • the lower end of the supporting column on the beam is connected to the conversion connecting beam through the diagonal brace.
  • the lower inner columns of two adjacent rows of beams are connected to the horizontal connecting rods through the inner column longitudinal bridges.
  • the inner columns under the beams in the same row are connected to the horizontal connecting rods through the inner column cross bridges.
  • the lower inner column and the lower outer column of the beam on the same side are connected by the inner and outer column horizontal connecting rods.
  • the outer uprights under the beams in the same row are connected by the horizontal connecting rods for the outer uprights.
  • a leveling fixed beam is fixedly installed on the vehicle group, and the bottom of the inner column under the beam is connected to the vehicle group through the leveling fixed beam.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an implementation method suitable for descent of a large-height bridge, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Cycle steps (4) and (5) make the beam body alternately lower until the beam body drops to the design height, and then carry out relevant treatments on the beam body, and directly move the beam body to the designated position before construction and installation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides an implementation method suitable for the lifting, displacement and installation of a large-height bridge, which is characterized in that it specifically includes the following steps:
  • the train set is synchronously jacked up so that the outer column under the beam is more than a standard connecting section length from the ground, and a standard connecting section is added at the lowest end of the outer column under the beam;
  • the vehicle group-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment of the present invention has simple structure, convenient assembly, and the lifting and transporting support components can be repeatedly used, and there is no restriction on the assembly position, and the large clearance bridge (group) can be dismantled or Replacement or displacement has obvious advantages in terms of safety, adaptability, speed, universality, and economy, including the following advantages:
  • the vehicle group and the standardized lifting and transporting device can be used for multiple cycles, which increases the mobility, adaptability and rapid operation of bridge removal, replacement or transport, especially for bridge lifting and large-scale operation with large clearance.
  • this technology has good economics, especially the system economy of the project is very good.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of the structural composition of the vehicle group-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the vehicle-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic side view of the internal support structure under the beam of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the outer support structure under the beam of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the standard connection section of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the steps of descending the beam body (beam section of a continuous beam or a simply supported beam) of a bridge with a large height lifting and displacement equipment based on the vehicle group;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the steps of lifting beam body (full-span simply supported beam, or continuous beam section) of the bridge large-height lifting and displacement equipment based on vehicle group;
  • Supporting device 2. Upper distribution beam; 3. Supporting column on the beam; 4. Longitudinal bridge connection piece; 4a, Cross bridge connection piece; 5. Diagonal brace rod; 6. Transformation connection beam; 7. Beam Lower and outer uprights; 8. Under beam and inner uprights; 9. Horizontal connecting rods for inner and outer uprights; 9a, Horizontal connecting rods for outer uprights; 10. Horizontal connecting rods for inner uprights; 10a, Horizontal connecting rods for inner uprights; 11 , Leveling the fixed beam; 12. Car set; 13, Leveling pad; 14, Card slot; 15, Beam body; 16, Support center line; 17, Cutting line; 18. Pavement; 19, Pier column.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle-based bridge large-height lifting and shifting equipment, which specifically includes a vehicle group 12 and a lifting and moving support assembly, wherein the vehicle group 12 is arranged on the lifting and moving support assembly
  • the vehicle group 12 can be an SPMT, an integrated machine for transporting and racking, a multi-kinetic energy transport vehicle, etc.
  • the vehicle group 12 integrates the hydraulic system, control system, and vehicle system of the traditional method into one, and can lift and move freely.
  • the single maximum travel and rotation angle of the vehicle group are configured according to engineering requirements, and the rotation can reach 360°.
  • the vehicle group 12 and the lifting and moving support assembly are generally configured as a complete set. In this embodiment, there are at least two sets of the vehicle group 12 and the lifting and moving support assembly.
  • the lifting and transporting support assembly specifically includes at least two rows of transformation connecting beams 6 longitudinally arranged along the beam body 15, and each row of transformation connecting beams 6 is fixedly installed with a plurality of vertical
  • the outer pillars 7 under the beam are arranged in parallel (in this embodiment, there are three outer pillars 7 under the beam, and the specific number is configured according to the construction design).
  • the top of the lower beam inner column 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conversion connecting beam 6, and the bottom of the beam lower inner column 8 is fixedly connected to the vehicle group 12.
  • the beam upper support columns 3 are fixedly installed with an upper distribution beam 2, and the distribution beam 2 is provided with a pair of beams
  • the configuration number of the upper beam support column 3 and the lower beam inner column 8 are the same, and the beam upper support column 3 and the beam lower inner column 8 are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction to ensure the lifting and transporting support assembly The stability of the supporting points during installation, dismantling and displacement.
  • the beam body 15 transfers the load to the upper beam support column 3 through the upper distribution beam 2 and down to the beam upper support column (beam lower outer column 7 and beam lower inner column 8).
  • the upper beam supporting column 3, the lower beam outer column 7, and the lower beam inner column 8 are all connected by a conversion connecting beam 6.
  • the lower beam inner column 8 acts on the vehicle group through the flat fixed beam 11, and the lower beam outer column 7 acts on the ground Leveling block 13.
  • the outer pillar under the beam 7, the inner pillar under the beam 8, and the supporting pillar 3 on the beam are all composed of multiple standard support sections.
  • the specifications and dimensions of the standard support section composed of the lower outer pillar 7, the lower beam inner pillar 8, and the upper beam support pillar 3 may be the same or different.
  • Removable bolts are used to connect multiple standard support sections.
  • the standard support section is modularly manufactured by the factory, and its form is cylindrical or square column shape, or other stable column shapes.
  • the support columns 3 on two adjacent rows of beams are connected by a longitudinal bridge connection piece 4, and the support columns 3 on the same row of beams are connected by a transverse bridge connection piece 4a.
  • the lower end of the supporting column 3 on the beam is connected with the conversion connecting beam 6 through the diagonal brace 5.
  • the upper distribution beam 2 is composed of a steel structure or other members whose strength meets the requirements.
  • the upper distribution beam 2 is configured with a connecting support 1 at a vertical coaxial position with the support column 3 on the beam, so that the beam The body load is evenly distributed on several supporting points.
  • the connecting support 1 can be made of flexible materials such as rubber pads and wood to keep the beam 15 in its original horizontal state, and upload all its loads to the lower support in the vertical direction. Components (support column 3 on the beam, outer column 7 under the beam, and inner column 8 under the beam).
  • the bottom of the supporting column 3 on the beam is placed on the conversion connecting beam 6, which is fixed on the conversion connecting beam 6 by bolts or other forms, and is reinforced by the diagonal brace 5, and the conversion connecting beam 6 is arranged in the longitudinal direction
  • the material can be steel components or other materials that meet the strength requirements.
  • the diagonal brace 5 connects the support post 3 on the beam with the conversion connecting beam 6 through bolts or other reliable forms to ensure structural stability.
  • the lower inner columns 8 of two adjacent rows of beams are connected by the inner column longitudinal bridge to the horizontal connecting rod 10, and the lower inner columns 8 of the same row of beams pass through the inner column transverse bridge Connect to the horizontal connecting rod 10a.
  • the beam lower inner column 8 and the beam lower outer column 7 on the same side are connected by the inner and outer column horizontal connecting rods 9, and the beam lower outer columns 7 of the same row are connected by the outer column horizontal connecting rods 9a.
  • two rows of upper beam support columns 3, lower beam outer columns 7, and beam lower inner columns 8 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of beam body 1. Each row is provided with 3 groups of beam upper support columns 3 and beam lower outer columns. 7.
  • the arrangement form of the lower beam inner column 8 and the beam upper support column 3 are arranged coaxially in the vertical direction.
  • the upper beam support column 3, the lower beam outer column 7, and the lower beam inner column 8 are two standard connecting sections through the column.
  • the plug is inserted to limit horizontal misalignment and ensure structural stability;
  • the standard connection section is in the form of a round steel column, and the upper part of the steel column is welded with a lifting lug in the four directions corresponding to the upper part of the steel column.
  • the purpose is to facilitate the lifting of the standard connection section while horizontally.
  • the connecting rod is better connected with the standard connecting section.
  • the lower beam inner column 8 and the train set 12 are connected and detachable through a flat fixed beam 11, which is a steel member fixedly connected to the train set 12.
  • the lower beam inner column 8 When the train set 12 rises, the lower beam inner column 8 can be lifted When the train set 12 descends, the lower inner pillar 12 of the beam can be separated from the flat fixed beam 11, which facilitates the removal of the connecting section.
  • the outer pillars 7 under the beam are arranged in a row on each side of the vehicle group 12, and their number along the transverse bridge direction can be deleted according to the stress of the bridge.
  • a standard connection section can be removed from the lower part of the outer column 7 under the beam or installed; when the vehicle group 12 is lowered, the outer column 7 under the beam is supported on the leveling pad 13 so that the inner column 8 under the beam can be separated
  • a standard connecting section can be removed or installed from the lower part of the inner column 8 under the beam at this time.
  • the present invention provides two implementation cases for further elaboration.
  • An implementation method for lowering bridges with vehicle lift displacement equipment is mainly used for bridge dismantling, lowering the bridge to a safe height for transportation, while meeting the clear height requirements of the transportation channel, or lowering to a height that can be directly and safely cut.
  • the large-height lifting and shifting equipment for the bridge based on the vehicle group is first assembled outside the site, and the vehicle group 12 is consigned to the designated position at the bottom of the beam body 15, and the upper distribution beam 2 and beam body 15 Leave a small space at the bottom of the car to install the connecting support 1 to ensure that the supporting members (supporting upright 3 on the beam, external upright under the beam 7, and internal upright under the beam 8) are upright, and the top surface of the fixed beam 11 on the train set 12 is leveled Level, and ensure that the support members are firmly connected; after the completion of the position, the vehicle group 12 is lifted up to close to the maximum lifting stroke, so that the connecting support 1 is in contact with the bottom of the beam 15 and the vehicle group 12 is lifted The pressure reaches the designed tonnage; the beam body 15 is cut by cutting to make it in a lowerable state.
  • the length of the ground is about a standard connecting section; the overall length of a standard connecting section is lowered synchronously through the vehicle group 12, so that the outer pillar 7 under the beam falls on the leveling pad 13, and the vehicle group 12 continues to descend until the inner pillar 8 under the beam is reversed.
  • the bridge is prefabricated or cast-in-place at a low elevation.
  • the bridge is lifted to the design elevation and then installed by jacking, or the low prefabricated bridge is safely moved to a designated location, and then it is jacked and translated before landing on the pier.
  • the conversion connecting beam 6 and above are first assembled on the train group 12, and a leveling fixed beam 11 is installed in the longitudinal bridge direction between the conversion continuous beam 6 and the train group 12, and then the low position is prefabricated A good beam 15 is safely transported to the vicinity of the designated installation point by the vehicle group 12, and a certain distance from the pier level to ensure that the beam body 15 can be lifted smoothly.
  • the load of the beam body is all acting on the vehicle group 12; After 12 is in place, carry out on-site debugging to ensure that the supporting structure support members (supporting column 3 on the beam, outer column 7 under the beam, and inner column 8 under the beam) are vertical, and the fixed beam 11 is leveled; 12 Synchronous jacking, so that the outer pillar 7 under the beam is more than a standard connecting section length from the ground.
  • a standard connecting section is added at the lower end of the outer pillar 7 under the beam; the whole train set 12 descends simultaneously, and the outer pillar 7 under the beam falls on the leveling On the cushion block 13, until the reaction force of the inner column 8 under the beam is fully transformed to the outer column 7 under the beam, the vehicle group continues to descend, so that the inner column 8 under the beam and the leveling fixed beam 11 are separated by more than a standard connection
  • add a standard connecting section at the lowest end of the inner column under the beam repeat the previous lifting and lowering steps, and add a standard connecting section at the bottom of the inner column under the beam 8 and the outer column under the beam 7, respectively,
  • the beam body is gradually lifted up to the designed lifting height.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
  • Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
  • Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Methods And Devices For Loading And Unloading (AREA)

Abstract

一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法，包括车组（12）和上部的升降移位支撑组件，升降移位支撑组件包括至少两排沿梁体（15）纵向布置的转化连接梁（6），每排转化连接梁（6）的下部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁下外立柱（7）和内侧的多个平行设置的梁下内立柱（8），梁下内立柱（8）的顶部与底部分别与转化连接梁（6）底部和车组（12）固定连接，转化连接梁（6）上部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁上支撑立柱（3），梁上支撑立柱（3）上固定安装有上分配梁（2），分配梁（2）上设有用于对梁体（15）进行支撑的连接支座。实施方法主要包括车组（12）顶升梁下内立柱（8）每升降一个连接段距离，相应增加或减少梁下外立柱（7）的一个标准连接段，梁下外立柱（7）和梁下内立柱（8）交替承载以使桥梁上升和下放。该装备易装，适应性强，可重复利用。

Description

基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法 技术领域
本发明涉及桥梁升降、移位、拆除、安装施工技术领域，特别涉及一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法。
背景技术
随着我国人们生活水平的提高以及公路建设与城市化进程的加快，部分城市和公路桥梁出现了规划不满足需求、通行能力不足、承载能力不够、桥梁净空不足等问题，多数需拆除、更换或移位，在进行上述作业时，特别是针对大净空、大吨位的桥梁，现有技术存在以下几点不足：
(1)桥梁拆除时，对于桥下净空较大(超过6m)的桥梁、较难直接采用凿除方法拆除，特别是无法采用爆破拆除的桥梁，只能采用先下降后分解的方式进行拆除，如既有的基于连续提升油缸的提升下放拆除方法施工难度大，需要较大的桥侧作业空间，不具有通用性，现有的基于千斤顶的桥梁顶升下放拆除方法工效低，安全性差；
(2)桥梁建造时，受公路运输限载限高限宽的影响，特别是基于工业化预制的大吨位或大净空的梁体难以在公路上进行运输安装，既有技术只能采用分片运输吊装方式建造，现场作业工作量大，工期较长，安全和质量难以保证；
(3)桥梁移位时，既有的顶升和提升技术基本只能竖向移动，顶推技术复杂且基本只能水平移动，转体技术非常复杂且只能有限转动，既有技术对于要求大净空、快速多向移位的桥梁的适应性差，组合使用的经济性很差。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足，提供一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备及其实施方法，具有升降移位结构简单、组装方便、升降移运支撑组件可以反复利用，对组装位置并无限制，可实现大净空桥梁(群)的快速拆除、 更换、移位。
本发明所采用的技术方案为：
一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，包括车组和升降移运支撑组件，所述车组设置在升降移运支撑组件的下部，其特征在于，所述升降移运支撑组件包括：
至少两排沿梁体纵向布置的转化连接梁，每排所述转化连接梁的下部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁下外立柱，在所述梁下外立柱内侧设有多个与之平行设置的梁下内立柱，所述梁下内立柱的顶部与转化连接梁底部固定连接，所述梁下内立柱的底部与车组固定连接；
在所述转化连接梁的上部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁上支撑立柱，所述梁上支撑立柱上固定安装有上分配梁，所述分配梁上设有用于对梁体进行支撑的连接支座。
作为本实施例的优选，所述梁上支撑立柱与梁下内立柱的配置数量相同，且梁上支撑立柱与梁下内立柱在竖直方向上同轴设置。
作为本实施例的优选，所述梁下外立柱、梁下内立柱、梁上支撑立柱均由多个标准支撑段组成。
作为本实施例的优选，多个标准支撑段之间采用可拆卸的螺栓连接。
作为本实施例的优选，所述标准支撑段的规格和尺寸相同。
作为本实施例的优选，标准支撑段的规格和尺寸不同。
作为本实施例的优选，所述标准支撑段均为模块化制作。
作为本实施例的优选，标准支撑段的截面形状为圆柱形。
作为本实施例的优选，标准支撑段的截面形状为方柱形。
作为本实施例的优选，所述连接支座为柔性材料。
作为本实施例的优选，所述连接支座为橡胶垫块。
作为本实施例的优选，相邻两排梁上支撑立柱之间通过纵桥向连接片连接。
作为本实施例的优选，同一排的梁上支撑立柱通过横桥向连接片连接。
作为本实施例的优选，所述梁上支撑立柱的下端通过斜撑杆与转化连接梁相连接。
作为本实施例的优选，相邻两排梁下内立柱之间通过内立柱纵桥向水平连接杆连接。
作为本实施例的优选，同一排的梁下内立柱通过内立柱横桥向水平连接杆连接。
作为本实施例的优选，同一侧的梁下内立柱和梁下外立柱通过内外立柱水平连接杆连接。
作为本实施例的优选，同一排的梁下外立柱通过外立柱水平连接杆相连接。
作为本实施例的优选，在所述车组上固定安装有垫平固定梁，梁下内立柱的底部通过垫平固定梁与车组相连接。
本发明实施例提供一种适用于大高度桥梁下降的实施方法，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)将基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备在场外组装完成，通过车组整体托运至梁体底部的指定位置，上分配梁与梁体的底部留出一小段空间安装连接支座；
(2)通过车组向上顶升至接近最大顶升行程，使支座与梁体的底部接触，并使车组的顶升压力达到设计吨位；
(3)采用切割方式切断梁体，使之处于可下放状态，此时梁体的所有荷载均通过梁下内立柱作用至车组上，并使得梁下外立柱距离地面约一个标准连接段长度；
(4)通过车组整体同步下降一个标准连接段的长度，使得梁下外立柱落于找平垫块上，车组继续下降，直至梁下内立柱的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱上，并使梁下内立柱脱空，拆除梁下内立柱最下一节的标准连接段；
(5)车组整体同步顶升一个连接段的距离，直至垫平固定梁与梁下内立柱完全接触，并承担全部梁下外立柱的全部荷载，使得梁下外立柱脱离找平垫块，拆 除梁下外立柱的最下一节的标准连接段；
(6)循环步骤(4)和(5)，使得梁体交替下放，直至梁体下降到设计高程，进而对梁体进行相关处置，直接将梁体移至指定位置再行施工和安装。
本发明实施例还提供一种适用于大高度桥梁顶升、移位、安装的实施方法，其特征在于，具体包括以下步骤：
(1)在车组上组装好转化连接梁及以上构件，转化连续梁与车组之间纵桥向安置有垫平固定梁；
(2)将低位预制好的梁体通过车组安全运至指定安装点，距离墩柱水平向一定距离，保证梁体能顺利顶升，此时梁体荷载全部作用于车组上；
(3)车组就位后，进行现场调试，保证支撑结构竖直，垫平固定梁水平；
(4)调试完成后，将车组同步顶升，使得梁下外立柱距离地面超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下外立柱最下端增加一节标准连接段；
(5)车组整体同步下降，梁下外立柱7落于找平垫块13上，直至梁下内立柱8的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱上，此时，车组继续下降，使梁下内立柱与垫平固定梁脱空超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下内立柱最下端增加一节标准连接段；
(6)循环步骤(4)和(5)，依次分别在梁下内立柱和梁下外立柱的最下面增加一节标准连接段，使得梁体逐步顶升，直至设计的顶升高度；
(7)车组移位至指定安装点后，将梁体进行下放，直至梁体准确落于墩柱，撤出车组升降移运装备，进而对梁体进行相关处置。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备具有结构简单、组装方便、各升降移运支撑组件可以反复利用，对组装位置并无限制，可实现大净空桥梁(群)拆除或更换或移位，在安全、适应、快速、通用、经济等方面均具有明显优势，包括以下几点优势：
(1)安全：顶升过程中支架对梁体的支撑点未变化，有利于保障梁体的安 全；车组将液压系统、控制系统、车辆系统集成一体，简化了移位操作，可保障作业安全；桥梁升降移运装备易于标准化，机械化程度高，操作简便，基本无高空作业；大幅减少在影响交通的区域进行作业的时间，提高了桥梁升降移位时的交通安全。
(2)适应性：可适用于各种吨位的桥梁，对地基要求较低；可适应桥梁拆除、更换和移位，可适应小吨位梁片和整跨桥梁，提高了桥梁建设的工业化程度。
(3)快速：升降移运支架整体移运吊装，采用车组直接就位方式，现场作业时间大大减少，较传统提升、顶升有明显优势；车组可根据工程需求选择必要的单次最大顶升或下降行程及旋转角度；较既有移位技术有更高效的作业能力。
(4)经济：车组及标准化的升降移运装置可实现多次周转使用，增加了桥梁拆除、更换或移运的机动性、适应性及快速作业，特别是大净空的桥梁升降和大范围桥梁转动和移位，该技术具有很好的经济性，特别是项目的系统经济性非常好。
附图说明
图1为本发明基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备的结构组成俯视图；
图2为本发明基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备的组成立面示意图；
图3为本发明梁下内支撑结构侧面示意图；
图4为本发明梁下外支撑结构侧面示意图；
图5为本发明标准连接段结构示意图；
图6为基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备下降梁体(连续梁或简支梁的梁段)的步骤示意图；
图7为基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备顶升梁体(整跨简支梁，或连续梁段)的步骤示意图；
图中标记所示：
1、支座装置；2、上分配梁；3、梁上支撑立柱；4、纵桥向连接片；4a、横桥向连接片；5、斜撑杆；6、转化连接梁；7、梁下外立柱；8、梁下内立柱；9、内外立柱水平连接杆；9a、外立柱水平连接杆；10、内立柱纵桥向水平连接杆；10a、内立柱横桥向水平连接杆；11、垫平固定梁；12、车组；13、找平垫块；14、卡槽；15、梁体；16、支撑中心线；17、切割线；18、路面；19、墩柱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
参见图1至5所示，本发明实施例提供一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，具体包括车组12和升降移运支撑组件，其中车组12设置在升降移运支撑组件的下部，在本实施例中，车组12可以为SPMT、运架一体机、多动能运输车等，车组12将传统方法的液压系统、控制系统、车辆系统集成一体，可自由升降和移位，车组单次最大行程和旋转角度根据工程需求配置，旋转可达360°。其中，车组12和升降移运支撑组件一般为成套配置，在本实施例中，车组12和升降移运支撑组件至少为两套。
参见图1至5所示，在本实施例中，升降移运支撑组件具体包括至少两排沿梁体15纵向布置的转化连接梁6，每排转化连接梁6的下部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁下外立柱7(在本实施例中，梁下外立柱7为三个，具体个数根据施工设计来配置)，在梁下外立柱7内侧设有多个与之平行设置的梁下内立柱8，所述梁下内立柱8的顶部与转化连接梁6底部固定连接，梁下内立柱8的底部与车组12固定连接。在转化连接梁6的上部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁上支撑立柱3，所述梁上支撑立柱3上固定安装有上分配梁2，所述分配梁2上设有用于对梁体15进行支撑的连接支座2。在本实施例中，梁上支 撑立柱3与梁下内立柱8的配置数量相同，且梁上支撑立柱3与梁下内立柱8在竖直方向上同轴设置，保证升降移运支撑组件的安装、拆除、移位施工过程中支撑点的稳定性。在本实施例中，梁体15通过上分配梁2将荷载传递至梁上支撑立柱3，并下传至梁上支撑立柱(梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8)。梁上支撑立柱3与梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8均通过转化连接梁6进行连接，梁下内立柱8通过垫平固定梁11作用于车组，梁下外立柱7作用于地面找平垫块13。
参见图1至5所示，在本实施例中，梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8、梁上支撑立柱3均由多个标准支撑段组成。当然，在本实施例中，下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8、梁上支撑立柱3所组成的标准支撑段的规格和尺寸可相同也可以不同。多个标准支撑段之间采用可拆卸的螺栓连接。在本实施例中，标准支撑段由工厂模块化制作，其形式为圆柱形或方柱形，也可为其他稳定柱形。
在本实施例中，相邻两排梁上支撑立柱3之间通过纵桥向连接片4连接，同一排的梁上支撑立柱3通过横桥向连接片4a连接。梁上支撑立柱3的下端通过斜撑杆5与转化连接梁6相连接。在本实施例中，上分配梁2由钢结构或其他强度满足要求的构件组成，在上分配梁2上与梁上支撑立柱3竖直方向上同轴的部位配置连接支座1，使梁体荷载均匀分布在几个支撑点上，连接支座1可以是橡胶垫块、木材等柔性材料，使梁体15保持原有水平状态，并将其荷载全部在竖直方向上传至下部的支撑构件(梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8)。
在本实施例中，梁上支撑立柱3的底部置于转化连接梁6上，通过螺栓或其他形式固定在转化连接梁6上，并通过斜撑杆5加固，转化连接梁6纵桥向布置，其材质为钢构件或其他满足强度要求的材质均可。斜撑杆5通过螺栓或其他可靠形式将梁上支撑立柱3与转化连接梁6连接，保证结构稳定性。
参见图1至5所示，在本实施例中，相邻两排梁下内立柱8之间通过内立柱纵桥向水平连接杆10连接，同一排的梁下内立柱8通过内立柱横桥向水平连 接杆10a连接。同一侧的梁下内立柱8和梁下外立柱7通过内外立柱水平连接杆9连接，同一排的梁下外立柱7通过外立柱水平连接杆9a相连接。在本实施例中，设置沿梁体1的纵向设置两排梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8，每排分别设置3组梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8。其中，梁下内立柱8的布置形式与梁上支撑立柱3在竖直方向上同轴设置，梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8上下两个标准连接段通过圆柱插头插入，限制水平错位，保证结构稳定性；标准连接段其形式为圆钢柱，钢柱靠上部位对应的四个方向分别焊接一个吊耳，其目的是方便标准连接段吊起，同时横向连接杆与标准连接段更好的连接。梁下内立柱8与车组12通过垫平固定梁11连接且可拆卸，垫平固定梁11为固定连接在车组12上的钢构件，车组12上升时可顶起梁下内立柱8，车组12下降时可使梁下内立柱12与垫平固定梁11脱离，方便拆除连准连接段。梁下外立柱7在车组12两边各布置一排，其沿横桥向的根数可根据桥梁受力情况删减。
在本实施例中，基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备的实施过程中，车组12顶升时，梁下内立柱8承担全部梁体15荷载，使梁下外立柱7与找平垫块13脱离，此时可从梁下外立柱7的下部拆除或安装一节标准连接段；车组12下降时，梁下外立柱7支撑于找平垫块13上，使梁下内立柱8脱离车组12，此时可从梁下内立柱8下部拆除或安装一节标准连接段。
根据上述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备的结构本发明提供两种实施案例来进行进一步的阐述。
实施案例一：
一种车组升降位移装备下放桥梁实施方法，主要用于桥梁拆除，将桥梁下降至安全高度移运，同时满足运输通道的净高要求，或下降至可直接安全凿除的高度。
如图6所示，实施时，先将基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备在场外组装完成，通过车组12整体托运至梁体15底部的指定位置，上分配梁2与梁体 15的底部留出一小段空间安装连接支座1，保证支撑构件(梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8)竖直，车组12上的垫平固定梁11顶面水平，且保证支撑构件之间牢靠连接；就位完成后，通过车组12向上顶升至接近最大顶升行程，使连接支座1与梁体15底部接触，并使车组12的顶升压力达到设计吨位；采用切割方式切断梁体15，使之处于可下放状态，此时梁体15的所有荷载均通过梁下内立柱8作用至车组12上，并使得梁下外立柱7距离地面约一个标准连接段长度；通过车组12整体同步下降一个标准连接段的长度，使得梁下外立柱7落于找平垫块13上，车组12继续下降，直至梁下内立柱8的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱7上，并使梁下内立柱8脱空，拆除梁下内立柱8最下一节的标准连接段；车组12整体同步顶升约一个连接段的距离，直至垫平固定梁11与梁下内立柱8完全接触，并承担全部梁下外立柱8的全部荷载，使得梁下外立柱7脱离找平垫块13，拆除梁下外立柱7的最下一节的标准连接段；循环前面的同步顶升和下降作业，依次分别拆除梁下内立柱8和梁下外立柱7的最下一节的标准连接段，使得梁体交替下放，直至梁下内立柱8全部拆除，转化连接梁6坐落于垫平固定梁11上，进而对梁体进行相关处置，或移至指定位置再行施工和安装。
实施案例二：
桥梁在低标高位置预制或现浇建造，通过顶升方式将桥梁顶至设计标高再行安装，或者将低位预制的桥梁安全移运至指定地点，经顶升并平移后落于墩台。
如图7所示，实施时，先在车组12上组装好转化连接梁6及以上结构，转化连续梁6与车组12之间纵桥向安置有垫平固定梁11，然后将低位预制好的梁体15通过车组12安全运至指定安装点附近，距离墩柱水平向一定距离，保证梁体15能顺利顶升，此时梁体的荷载全部作用于车组12上；车组12就位后，进行现场调试，保证支撑结构支撑构件(梁上支撑立柱3、梁下外立柱7、梁下内立柱8)竖直，垫平固定梁11水平；调试完成后，将车组12同步顶升，使 得梁下外立柱7距离地面超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下外立柱7最下端增加一节标准连接段；车组12整体同步下降，梁下外立柱7落于找平垫块13上，直至梁下内立柱8的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱7上，此时，车组继续下降，使梁下内立柱8与垫平固定梁11脱空超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下内立柱最下端增加一节标准连接段；循环前面的顶升和下降步骤，依次分别在梁下内立柱8和梁下外立柱7的最下面增加一节标准连接段，使得梁体逐步顶升，直至设计的顶升高度，在增加标准连接段的时候，为保证立柱整体稳定性，增加横向连接杆件；车组12移位至指定安装点后，将梁体进行下放，步骤同实施案例一，直至梁体准确落于墩柱，撤出车组升降移运装备，进而对梁体进行相关处置。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，包括车组(12)和升降移运支撑组件，所述车组(12)设置在升降移运支撑组件的下部，其特征在于，所述升降移运支撑组件包括：
    至少两排沿梁体(15)纵向布置的转化连接梁(6)，每排所述转化连接梁(6)的下部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁下外立柱(7)，在所述梁下外立柱(7)内侧设有多个与之平行设置的梁下内立柱(8)，所述梁下内立柱(8)的顶部与转化连接梁(6)底部固定连接，所述梁下内立柱(8)的底部与车组(12)固定连接；
    在所述转化连接梁(6)的上部固定安装有多个竖直平行设置的梁上支撑立柱(3)，所述梁上支撑立柱(3)上固定安装有上分配梁(2)，所述分配梁(2)上设有用于对梁体(15)进行支撑的连接支座(1)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述梁上支撑立柱(3)与梁下内立柱(8)的配置数量相同，且梁上支撑立柱(3)与梁下内立柱(8)在竖直方向上同轴设置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述梁下外立柱(7)、梁下内立柱(8)、梁上支撑立柱(3)均由多个标准支撑段组成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：多个标准支撑段之间采用可拆卸的螺栓连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述标准支撑段的规格和尺寸相同。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：标准支撑段的规格和尺寸不同。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述标准支撑段均为模块化制作。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：标准支撑段的截面形状为圆柱形。
  9. 根据权利要求3所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：标准支撑段的截面形状为方柱形。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述连接支座(1)为柔性材料。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述连接支座(1)为橡胶垫块。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：相邻两排梁上支撑立柱(3)之间通过纵桥向连接片(4)连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：同一排的梁上支撑立柱(3)通过横桥向连接片(4a)连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：所述梁上支撑立柱(3)的下端通过斜撑杆(5)与转化连接梁(6)相连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：相邻两排梁下内立柱(8)之间通过内立柱纵桥向水平连接杆(10)连接。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：同一排的梁下内立柱(8)通过内立柱横桥向水平连接杆(10a)连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：同一侧的梁下内立柱(8)和梁下外立柱(7)通过内外立柱水平连接杆(9)连接。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：同一排的梁下外立柱(7)通过外立柱水平连接杆(9a)相连接。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备，其特征在于：在所述车组(12)上固定安装有垫平固定梁(11)，梁下内立柱(8)的底部通过垫平固定梁(11)与车组(12)相连接。
  20. 一种适用于大高度桥梁下降的实施方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将基于车组的桥梁大高度升降移位装备在场外组装完成，通过车组整体托运至梁体底部的指定位置，上分配梁与梁体的底部留出一小段空间安装连接支座；
    (2)通过车组向上顶升至接近最大顶升行程，使支座与梁体的底部接触，并使车组的顶升压力达到设计吨位；
    (3)采用切割方式切断梁体，使之处于可下放状态，此时梁体的所有荷载均通过梁下内立柱作用至车组上，并使得梁下外立柱距离地面约一个标准连接段长度；
    (4)通过车组整体同步下降一个标准连接段的长度，使得梁下外立柱落于找平垫块上，车组继续下降，直至梁下内立柱的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱上，并使梁下内立柱脱空，拆除梁下内立柱最下一节的标准连接段；
    (5)车组整体同步顶升一个连接段的距离，直至垫平固定梁与梁下内立柱完全接触，并承担全部梁下外立柱的全部荷载，使得梁下外立柱脱离找平垫块，拆除梁下外立柱的最下一节的标准连接段；
    (6)循环步骤(4)和(5)，使得梁体交替下放，直至梁体下降到设计高程，进而对梁体进行相关处置，直接将梁体移至指定位置再行施工和安装。
  21. 一种适用于大高度桥梁顶升、移位、安装的实施方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)在车组上组装好转化连接梁及以上构件，转化连续梁与车组之间纵桥向安置有垫平固定梁；
    (2)将低位预制好的梁体通过车组安全运至指定安装点，距离墩柱水平向一定距离，保证梁体能顺利顶升，此时梁体荷载全部作用于车组上；
    (3)车组就位后，进行现场调试，保证支撑结构竖直，垫平固定梁水平；
    (4)调试完成后，将车组同步顶升，使得梁下外立柱距离地面超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下外立柱最下端增加一节标准连接段；
    (5)车组整体同步下降，梁下外立柱7落于找平垫块13上，直至梁下内立柱8的反力全部转化至梁下外立柱上，此时，车组继续下降，使梁下内立柱与垫平固定梁脱空超过一个标准连接段长度，在梁下内立柱最下端增加一节标准连接段；
    (6)循环步骤(4)和(5)，依次分别在梁下内立柱和梁下外立柱的最下面增加一节标准连接段，使得梁体逐步顶升，直至设计的顶升高度；
    (7)车组移位至指定安装点后，将梁体进行下放，直至梁体准确落于墩柱，撤出车组升降移运装备，进而对梁体进行相关处置。
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