WO2020233458A1 - 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法 - Google Patents

一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020233458A1
WO2020233458A1 PCT/CN2020/089876 CN2020089876W WO2020233458A1 WO 2020233458 A1 WO2020233458 A1 WO 2020233458A1 CN 2020089876 W CN2020089876 W CN 2020089876W WO 2020233458 A1 WO2020233458 A1 WO 2020233458A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve core
circular valve
transparent tube
spring
circular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/089876
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱锦远
侯聪伟
母娟
金志江
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang University
Original Assignee
Zhejiang University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang University filed Critical Zhejiang University
Priority to US17/253,632 priority Critical patent/US11703401B2/en
Publication of WO2020233458A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020233458A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G01M1/16—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested
    • G01M1/28—Determining imbalance by oscillating or rotating the body to be tested with special adaptations for determining imbalance of the body in situ, e.g. of vehicle wheels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/08—Measuring force or stress, in general by the use of counterbalancing forces
    • G01L1/083—Measuring force or stress, in general by the use of counterbalancing forces using hydraulic or pneumatic counterbalancing forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
    • G01M1/14—Determining imbalance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/003—Machine valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an experimental measuring device and a measuring method, in particular to a measuring device for the unbalanced moment of the bottom surface of a circular valve core.
  • the lower bottom surface of the piston-type circular valve core can clearly see that the pressure distribution is not balanced, and the large pressure area is shifted to the right (close to the direction of flow). Since the pressure distribution on the upper surface of the piston-type circular valve core is balanced, the resultant pressure difference formed by the upper and lower pressure differences will deviate from the central axis of the piston-type valve core, resulting in an unbalanced moment, and leading to the wall surface of the piston-type valve core Extrusion of the sealing pair will not only increase drive energy consumption and affect the sealing performance, but will even affect the leakage failure of the valve under high flow conditions. In view of this phenomenon, it is necessary to propose a device for testing the unbalanced moment of the bottom surface of the circular valve core to study the unbalanced moment of the bottom surface of the circular valve core, in order to explore its formation mechanism and methods to eliminate this phenomenon.
  • Chinese invention patent CN103115706B discloses a flat scroll spring torque detection device and its detection method.
  • the device is provided with a rotating mandrel sleeved with a spring positioning sleeve, the spring to be tested is sleeved on the spring positioning sleeve, the spring positioning sleeve and the dial A lever and a pointer are assembled between, the end of the lever is connected with the dynamometer, the end of the rotating mandrel is connected with a handle assembly, the handle assembly includes a spring lever and a pointer lever, the spring lever is clamped with the spring to be tested , The pointer is in contact with the pointer lever.
  • the device system is relatively complete, but it cannot measure the torque of the round valve core under the impact of the flow field.
  • Chinese invention patent CN104778880A discloses a spring dynamometer, which includes a support table, a spring dynamometer and a weight; the support table includes a main support frame, an auxiliary support frame and an auxiliary support frame.
  • the device solves the problem of fixing and supporting between the auxiliary support frame and the auxiliary support frame, but cannot be applied to the flow field to measure the impulse of the circular valve core.
  • the present invention aims at the lack of an experimental device for measuring the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the circular valve core on the market, and the existing equipment for measuring torque or force is complicated in structure and difficult to manufacture, and is not suitable for use in a flow field.
  • a measuring device for the unbalanced moment of the bottom surface of the circular valve core is proposed, and an unbalanced moment measurement method for the device is proposed.
  • a measuring device for the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of a circular valve core which includes a gradually expanding special-shaped tube, a water tank, a transparent tube, a spring dynamometer, a laser source, a circular valve core and a high-speed camera;
  • the circular valve core is placed in a vertical transparent tube, and the outer wall of the transparent tube is marked with positioning scales along the way; on the same height of the side wall of the circular valve core, there are several inner shackles evenly distributed in the circumferential direction and at equal angles.
  • a laser source is fixed directly above each inner shackle on the side wall of the circular spool; the laser source directly above each inner shackle is located at the same height on the side wall of the circular spool, and the laser source
  • the straight line where the laser emission direction is located passes through the center of the cross section of the circular valve core where all laser sources are located;
  • the inner wall of the transparent tube has outer shackles with the same number of inner shackles and inner hooks at the same height and circumferential equal angle
  • the ring and the outer shackle are in pairs, and each pair of inner shackle and outer shackle are connected by a tensioned spring dynamometer; when the circular valve core and the central axis of the transparent tube coincide, there is no tilting and twisting situation Bottom, all spring dynamometers are distributed symmetrically, and the pulling force direction of each spring dynamometer is parallel to the laser emission direction of the laser source directly above;
  • the tapered end of the divergent special-shaped tube is used as the water inlet, and the divergent end is smoothly communicated with the bottom of the transparent tube;
  • the high-speed camera is placed on the outside of the transparent tube and is used to circle the circumference of the transparent tube to image the posture of the circular valve core and the spring dynamometer in the tube in different directions.
  • the number of the spring dynamometer, outer shackle, inner shackle and laser source is 20.
  • the divergent special-shaped pipes are arranged in an arc shape, with water entering horizontally and water exiting vertically upwards.
  • the inner diameter of the transparent tube should be greater than the sum of the length of the two spring dynamometers and the diameter of the circular valve core.
  • the bottom surface of the circular valve core is provided with a number of bolt holes for fixing the additional layer on the bottom surface of the valve core.
  • the high-speed camera is mounted on a photographic support.
  • the top of the transparent tube is connected to the water tank.
  • all spring dynamometers have the same model and size.
  • all spring dynamometers apply the same tension to the circular valve core .
  • the transparent tube is an acrylic tube.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the circular valve core using the measuring device of any one of the above solutions, and the steps are as follows:
  • F n F' n -F 0 ;
  • R is the cross-sectional radius of the circular valve core
  • T F 11 ⁇ L 1 +F 12 ⁇ L 2 +...+F 1n ⁇ L n (4).
  • the device for measuring the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the round valve core of the present invention cleverly reflects the abstract moment distribution of the bottom surface of the valve core through the flip angle of the valve core and the pull force at different positions outside the valve core.
  • the torque of the circular valve core about a certain torsion central axis is calculated through force analysis and calculation formula.
  • the device for measuring the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the circular valve core of the present invention has strong pertinence, compact structure, simple manufacture and low cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an unbalanced moment measuring device on the bottom surface of a circular valve core.
  • Figure 2 is a top view and a front view of the circular valve core part of the device when there is no water impact, (a) is a top view, (b) is a top view.
  • Figure 3 is the top view and front view of the circular valve core part of the device when the water flow impacts, (a) is the front view of the circular valve core part without unbalanced torque, (b) is the circular valve core under the action of unbalanced torque Part of the front view, (c) is a partial top view of the circular valve core under the action of unbalanced torque.
  • a device for measuring unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of a circular valve core includes a divergent shaped tube 6, a water tank 10, a transparent tube 1, a spring dynamometer 2, a laser source 11, and a circular Shaped valve core 4 and high-speed camera 8.
  • the transparent tube 1 is a transparent acrylic tube, and the inside of the tube can be directly observed.
  • the transparent tube 1 is placed in a vertical horizontal plane, and the circular valve core 4 to be measured is placed in the vertical transparent tube 1.
  • the diameter of the main part of the transparent tube 1 is uniform, and the inner wall is smooth to avoid water flow fluctuations.
  • the outer wall of the transparent tube 1 is marked with positioning scales along the way. Generally, a scale of 5mm is set to facilitate the determination of the position of the outer laser source projected on the transparent tube 1 when the circular valve core 4 is turned over.
  • the circular spool 4 is cylindrical.
  • each inner shackle 9 is on the side wall of the circular spool 4
  • the distance between adjacent inner shackles 9 and adjacent laser sources 11 is 18°.
  • the laser source 11 directly above each inner shackle 9 is located at the same height of the side wall of the circular valve core 4, and the line of the laser emission direction of each laser source 11 passes through the circular valve where all the laser sources 11 are located.
  • the center of the cross section of the core 4 and the line where the laser emission direction is located is perpendicular to the central axis of the circular valve core 4.
  • the laser source 11 is turned on.
  • the circular spool 4 coincides with the central axis of the transparent tube 1 without tilting and twisting
  • the laser emission direction of each laser source 11 is horizontal, and the lasers of different laser sources 11 are on the positioning scale.
  • the resulting readings should be the same.
  • the circular valve core 4 is tilted and twisted, the laser emission direction of the corresponding laser source 11 will also tilt, thereby changing the reading formed by the laser on the positioning scale.
  • the torsion direction and the torsion angle of the circular valve core 4 can be restored.
  • the inner wall of the transparent tube 1 has outer shackles 3 equal in number to the inner shackles 9 and the inner shackles 9 and the outer shackles 3 are in pairs, and each The inner shackle 9 and the outer shackle 3 are connected by a tensioned spring dynamometer 2.
  • the inner diameter of the transparent tube 1 should be greater than the sum of the length of the two spring dynamometers 2 and the diameter of the round valve core 4 to facilitate installation.
  • the number of the spring dynamometer 2, the outer shackle 3, the inner shackle 9 and the laser source 11 are all 20, which can meet the usage requirements. Of course, the specific number can be adjusted appropriately if necessary.
  • the extension line of each spring dynamometer 2 passes through the center of the cross section of the circular valve core 4 where all the inner shackles 9 are located. All spring dynamometers 2 have the same model and size. When the central axis of the circular spool 4 coincides with the transparent tube 1 without tilting and torsion, all spring dynamometers 2 apply the same to the circular spool 4 The pull.
  • the two ends of the transparent tube 1 have a water inlet and a water outlet.
  • the water inlet is on the bottom and the water outlet is on the top.
  • the inlet water flows through the circular valve core 4 in an upward flow, forming a water flow that impacts the bottom surface of the valve core. 4
  • the bottom surface is propelled by water.
  • the water inlet of the transparent tube 1 is realized by the diverging special-shaped tube 6, the tapered end of the diverging special-shaped tube 6 serves as a water inlet, and the diverging end is smoothly connected with the bottom of the transparent tube 1.
  • the diverging special-shaped pipe 6 is arranged in an arc shape of approximately 90°, and the water enters horizontally and the water discharges vertically upwards.
  • the top of the transparent tube 1 is connected to the water tank 10 through a 180° curved pipe, and the water flow washed up from bottom to top is discharged into the water tank 10.
  • the diameter of the large-diameter end of the gradually expanding special-shaped tube 6 is 300 mm, which is used to connect the acrylic tube; the diameter of the small-diameter end is 100 mm, which is used to add water to the acrylic tube.
  • the diameter of the circular valve core 4 is 100 mm.
  • the high-speed camera 8 is placed outside the transparent tube 1 and is used to circle the transparent tube 1 in a circumferential direction to image the postures of the circular valve core 4 and the spring dynamometer 2 in the tube in different directions.
  • the high-speed camera 8 can be erected on the photographic stand 7, and the height of the photographic stand 7 is preferably adjustable.
  • the bottom surface of the circular valve core 4 is provided with a number of bolt holes for fixing the additional layer 5 on the bottom surface of the valve core.
  • the purpose is to change the bottom surface structure of the valve for subsequent research on how to reduce the unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the valve core.
  • the process of using this device to measure the unbalanced moment of the bottom surface of the circular spool is as follows: Place the photographic support 7 in the circumferential direction of the transparent tube 1, and use the spool dot according to the angle of the 20 inner shackles outside the circular spool 4 O is the center of the circle and is arranged in a ring-shaped concentric circle.
  • a high-speed camera 8 is mounted on the photography stand 7 to sequentially record the unbalanced state of the circular valve core 4 under the impact of water flow in different orientations, and read the scale and spring force measured by the laser source 11 on the outer wall Measure the tension on the gauge 2; measure the inclination angle of the circular spool 4 in the photos taken by the high-speed camera 8, and combine the scales on the outer wall of the laser sources 11 in different orientations to determine in which direction the circular spool 4 occurs Torsion; Measure the angle of the spring dynamometer 2 in each orientation in the photos taken by the high-speed camera 8, and calculate the component force in the vertical direction; finally combine the inclination angle of the circular spool 4 and the force of each spring Calculate the vertical component force of 2 and the vertical distance of each spring dynamometer 2 to the torsion center axis, and calculate the torque of the circular valve core 4 with respect to this torsion center axis.
  • F n F' n -F 0 ;
  • R is the cross-sectional radius of the circular valve core 4.
  • T F 11 ⁇ L 1 +F 12 ⁇ L 2 +...+F 1n ⁇ L n (4).

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，包括渐扩式异型管（6）、水箱（10）、透明管（1）、弹簧测力计（2）、激光源（11）、圆形阀芯（4）、阀芯底面附加层（5）、高速相机（8）和摄影支架（7）。圆形阀芯（4）外侧均布有内钩环（9）和激光源（11），弹簧测力计（2）与内钩环（9）和透明管（1）内壁上均布的外钩环（3）相连，透明管（1）外壁上有定位刻度。还提供一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量方法，通过高速相机（8）架设在摄影支架（7）从不同方位对圆形阀芯（4）在水流冲击下形成的不平衡状态进行记录，读出激光源（11）在外壁上所对的刻度以及弹簧测力计（2）的拉力，计算圆形阀芯（4）对应某一特定对称轴的扭矩。

Description

一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种实验测量装置及测量方法，尤其涉及一种用于圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩的测量装置。
背景技术
在水平布置的阀门中，其活塞式圆形阀芯下底面可明显看到压强分布并不均衡，大压强区域向右侧(靠近出流方向)偏移。而由于活塞式圆形阀芯上表面压强分布是均衡的，因此上下面的压差形成的压差合力会偏离活塞式阀芯的中心轴线，产生一个不平衡力矩，并导致活塞式阀芯壁面对密封副产生挤压，不仅增加驱动能耗、影响密封性能，在大流量工况下甚至会影响阀门的泄漏失效。针对该现象，需要提出一种测试圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩的装置来对圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩进行研究，以探究其形成的机理以及消除该现象的方法。
目前国内市面上还不存在一款专门针对圆形阀芯底部不平衡力矩的测量装置。中国发明专利CN103115706B公开了平面涡卷弹簧扭矩检测装置及其检测方法，该装置设有旋转芯轴上套设有弹簧定位套，待检测弹簧套设于弹簧定位套上，弹簧定位套与刻度盘之间装配有杠杆和指针，杠杆端部与所述测力计连接，旋转芯轴端部与一手柄组件连接，手柄组件包括弹簧拨杆和指针拨杆，弹簧拨杆与待检测弹簧卡接，指针与所述指针拨杆相接触。该装置系统较为完整，但无法测量在流场冲击下圆形阀芯的扭矩。
在目前市面上测量力或者力矩的工具中，较为常见的是使用弹簧来进行测量。中国发明专利CN104778880A公开了一种弹簧测力计，该装置中包含支撑台、弹簧测力计和重物；支撑台包括主支撑架、副支撑架和辅助支撑架。该装置解决了副支撑架与辅助支撑架之间的固定以及支撑问题，但无法应用于流场测量圆形阀芯所受的冲力。
发明内容
本发明针对目前市面上缺乏测量圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩的实验装置，且现存的测量扭矩或者力的装备结构复杂，制造困难，不适用于在流场中使用。为实现较为准确地测量圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩，提出了一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，并提出针对该装置的不平衡力矩测量方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明具体采用如下技术方案：
一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其包括渐扩式异型管、水箱、透明管、弹簧测力计、激光源、圆形阀芯以及高速相机；
所述的圆形阀芯置于垂直的透明管内，透明管外壁上沿程标记有定位刻度；圆形阀芯侧壁的同一高度上周向等角度均布有若干个内钩环，且圆形阀芯侧壁上在每个内钩环正上方还固定有一个激光源；每个内钩环正上方的激光源均位于圆形阀芯侧壁的同一高度处，且每个激光源的激光发射方向所在直线均穿过所有激光源所在的圆形阀芯横断面的圆心；所述透明管内壁上同一高度周向等角度均布有与内钩环数量相等的外钩环，内钩环与外钩环两两成对，且每对内钩环与外钩环通过一个张紧的弹簧测力计相连；在圆形阀芯与透明管的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计呈中心对称分布，每条弹簧测力计的拉力方向与其正上方的激光源的激光发射方向平行；
所述的渐扩式异型管的渐缩端作为进水口，渐扩端与透明管底部平滑连通；
所述的高速相机放置于透明管外部，用于绕透明管周向，在不同方位对圆形阀芯及弹簧测力计在管内的姿态进行成像。
优选的，所述的弹簧测力计、外钩环、内钩环和激光源的数量均为20。
优选的，所述的渐扩式异型管呈圆弧型布置，水平进水，垂直向上出水。
优选的，所述透明管内径应大于两个弹簧测力计的长度以及圆形阀芯直径之和。
优选的，所述的圆形阀芯底面设有若干螺栓孔，用于固定阀芯底面附加层。
优选的，所述的高速相机架设于摄影支架上。
优选的，所述的透明管顶部连通水箱。
优选的，所有弹簧测力计的型号、尺寸均相同，在圆形阀芯与透明管的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计对圆形阀芯施加相同的拉力。
优选的，所述的透明管为亚克力管。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种利用上述任一方案所述测量装置的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量方法，其步骤如下：
1)将待测量的圆形阀芯安装于测量装置中，使圆形阀芯在所有弹簧测力计的拉力下悬空于透明管中，且保证圆形阀芯与透明管的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转；
2)保持所有弹簧测力计位于同一水平面上，记录当前状态下所有弹簧测力计的示数F 0；
3)通过渐扩式异型管向透明管中进水对圆形阀芯底面进行水流冲击，待圆形阀芯达到稳定状态时，利用高速相机以水平正对圆形阀芯的高度，绕透明管周向在不同方位对圆形阀芯及弹簧测力计在管内的姿态进行成像；同时记录每条弹簧测力计的示数F′ n，以及每个激光源发射的激光在透明管外壁上定位刻度示数b n；
4)从不同方位的高速相机成像中，测量得到每条弹簧测力计与竖直方向的夹角β n；同时从成像中选取两个位于圆形阀芯横截面中一条直径两端的两个激光源，将这两个激光源连线与阀芯中轴线相交的点水平移至透明管管壁读出读数a；
5)找出与a差值最大的b n记为b max,以拍摄得到b max的方位作为圆形阀芯发生扭转的方位，在该方位对应的高速相机成像中，测量得到所有内钩环所在的圆形阀芯横断面的圆心O到透明管外壁的距离l，再通过公式(1)得到圆形阀芯的扭转角度α，该扭转角度α小于90°：
Figure PCTCN2020089876-appb-000001
6)根据公式(2)计算出每根弹簧测力计竖直方向方向上的分力F 1n：
F 1n＝F n×cos β n        (2)
其中，F n＝F′ n-F 0；
7)测出与每根弹簧测力计所在半径与圆形阀芯的扭转中心轴之间的夹角γ n，夹角γ n小于90°，所述每根弹簧测力计所在半径为与这根弹簧测力计相连的内钩环与所述圆心O的连线；根据公式(3)计算出每根弹簧测力计到扭转中心 轴所在的竖直平面的垂直距离L n：
L n＝R×sin γ n×cos α       (3)
其中R为圆形阀芯的横截面半径；
8)根据公式(4)将扭转中心轴同一侧每根弹簧测力计所产生的的扭矩相加，得到圆形阀芯的总扭矩：
T＝F 11×L 1+F 12×L 2+...+F 1n×L n        (4)。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
(1)本发明所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，将阀芯底面抽象的力矩分布情况巧妙地通过阀芯的翻转角度以及阀芯外侧不同位置的拉力大小间接反应出来，再通过受力分析以及计算公式计算出圆形阀芯关于某条扭转中心轴的扭矩。
(2)本发明所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，针对性强，结构紧凑，制造简单，造价便宜。
附图说明
为使本发明的内容更容易被理解，下面结合附图和实施案例对本发明作进一步详细说明，其中：
图1为圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置的示意图。
图2为无水流冲击时装置中圆形阀芯部分的俯视图和主视图，(a)为俯视图，(b)为俯视图。
图3为水流冲击时装置中圆形阀芯部分的俯视图和主视图，(a)为无不平衡力矩作用下圆形阀芯部分主视图，(b)为受不平衡力矩作用下圆形阀芯部分主视图，(c)为受不平衡力矩作用下圆形阀芯部分俯视图。
图中：1、透明管；2、弹簧测力计；3、外钩环；4、圆形阀芯；5、阀芯底面附加层；6、渐扩式异型管；7、摄影支架；8、高速相机；9、内钩环；10、水箱；11、激光源。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
如图1所示，在本实施例中，一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置包括渐扩式异型管6、水箱10、透明管1、弹簧测力计2、激光源11、圆形阀芯4以及高速相机8。
透明管1为透明的亚克力管，能够直接观察到管内的情况。透明管1垂直水平面放置，待测量的圆形阀芯4置于垂直的透明管1内。且透明管1的主体部分管径均匀，内壁光滑，避免产生水流波动。透明管1外壁上沿程标记有定位刻度。一般设置5mm为一个刻度，方便测定圆形阀芯4翻转时外侧激光源在透明管1上所投射的位置。圆形阀芯4成圆柱形，圆形阀芯4侧壁的同一高度上周向等角度均布有20个内钩环9，且圆形阀芯4侧壁上在每个内钩环9正上方还固定有一个激光源11，共20个激光源11。相邻内钩环9、相邻激光源11之间间隔均为18°。每个内钩环9正上方的激光源11均位于圆形阀芯4侧壁的同一高度处，且每个激光源11的激光发射方向所在直线均穿过所有激光源11所在的圆形阀芯4横断面的圆心，激光发射方向所在直线与圆形阀芯4的中轴线垂直。在实际测量过程中，将激光源11电源打开。当圆形阀芯4与透明管1的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，每个激光源11的激光发射方向均是水平的，此时不同激光源11的激光打在定位刻度上形成的读数应当是相同的。而当圆形阀芯4出现倾斜扭转时，相应的激光源11的激光发射方向也会随之出现倾斜，进而改变激光打在定位刻度上形成的读数。通过各激光源11前后读数的变化，可以还原出圆形阀芯4的扭转方向和扭转角度。
另外，计算不平衡力矩还需要计算力的大小，该装置中通过弹簧测力计2来实现。具体如图2所示，透明管1内壁上同一高度周向等角度均布有与内钩环9数量相等的外钩环3，内钩环9与外钩环3两两成对，且每对内钩环9与外钩环3通过一个张紧的弹簧测力计2相连。透明管1内径应大于两个弹簧测力计2的长度以及圆形阀芯4直径之和，以便于安装。在圆形阀芯4与透明管1的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计2呈中心对称分布，每条弹簧测力计2的拉力方向与其正上方的激光源11的激光发射方向平行。当然，由于圆形阀芯4本身具有一定的重量，因此弹簧测力计2会存在一定的倾斜角才能克服圆形阀芯4的重力使其悬浮。但只要弹簧测力计2足够多，或者弹簧测力计2的弹性系数足够大，该倾斜角度几乎可以忽略，所有弹簧测力计2可以近似 视为处于同一水平平面上。本发明中，弹簧测力计2、外钩环3、内钩环9和激光源11的数量均为20，可以满足使用要求，当然如有需要也可以适当调整具体数量。此时，每条弹簧测力计2的延长线均穿过所有内钩环9所在的圆形阀芯4横截面的圆心。所有弹簧测力计2的型号、尺寸均相同，在圆形阀芯4与透明管1的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计2对圆形阀芯4施加相同的拉力。
透明管1的两端具有进水口和出水口，进水口在下，出水口在上，进水以上升流形式流经圆形阀芯4，形成冲击阀芯底面的水流，水流对圆形阀芯4底面产生水流推动。当圆形阀芯4底面存在不平衡力矩时，会导致底面不同位置水流推力不均，形成使圆形阀芯4翻转的力矩。透明管1的进水是通过渐扩式异型管6实现的，渐扩式异型管6的渐缩端作为进水口，渐扩端与透明管1底部平滑连通。而且，为了防止进水对圆形阀芯4造成扰动，渐扩式异型管6呈近似90°的圆弧型布置，水平进水，垂直向上出水。透明管1顶部通过一个180°的弯弧形管道连通水箱10，将从下往上冲上来的水流排入水箱10。本实施例中，渐扩式异型管6大口径端的管径为300mm，用来连接亚克力管；小口径端的管径为100mm，用来往亚克力管里加水。圆形阀芯4直径为100mm。
高速相机8放置于透明管1外部，用于绕透明管1周向，在不同方位对圆形阀芯4及弹簧测力计2在管内的姿态进行成像。高速相机8可以架设于摄影支架7上，摄影支架7的高度最好可调。
另外，圆形阀芯4底面设有若干螺栓孔，用于固定阀芯底面附加层5，其目的是为了后续研究如何减小阀芯底面不平衡力矩的产生而对阀门底面结构做出改变。
上述装置在进行圆形阀芯4底部不平衡力矩测试时，水从渐扩式异型管6小口径端口进入，接着进入亚克力管1，往上涌冲击圆形阀芯4底部形成不平衡力矩。附图3(a)所示，圆形阀芯4受到水流冲击首先向上平移，弹簧测力计2受力均匀。受不平衡力矩影响，圆形阀芯4发生扭转，附图3(b)和3(c)所示，弹簧测力计2受力不均匀，不同方位激光源11在亚克力管1外壁上所留下的刻度不同。水流流经圆形阀芯4后，进入水箱10。
利用该装置进行圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量的过程如下：将摄影支架7 放置于透明管1周向，根据圆形阀芯4外侧20个内钩环所对的角度以阀芯圆点O为圆心，进行环形同心圆布置。将一台高速相机8架在摄影支架7上依次对不同方位下圆形阀芯4在水流冲击下形成的不平衡状态进行记录，读出激光源11在外壁上所对的刻度以及弹簧测力计2上的拉力；对高速相机8拍来的照片中圆形阀芯4倾斜角度进行测量，并结合不同方位激光源11在外壁上所对的刻度判断出圆形阀芯4在哪个方位发生扭转；对高速相机8拍来的照片中各个方位弹簧测力计2的角度进行测量，并计算出其竖直方向上的分力；最后结合圆形阀芯4倾斜角度、每根弹簧测力计2竖直分力以及每根弹簧测力计2到扭转中心轴的垂直距离，计算出圆形阀芯4关于这条扭转中心轴的扭矩。
下面详细叙述该圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量方法，具体步骤如下：
1)将待测量的圆形阀芯4安装于测量装置中，使圆形阀芯4在所有弹簧测力计2的拉力下悬空于透明管1中，且保证圆形阀芯4与透明管1的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转；
2)保持所有弹簧测力计2位于同一水平面上，记录当前状态下所有弹簧测力计2的示数F 0；
3)通过渐扩式异型管6向透明管1中进水对圆形阀芯4底面进行水流冲击，待圆形阀芯4达到稳定状态时，利用高速相机8以水平正对圆形阀芯4的高度，绕透明管1周向在不同方位对圆形阀芯4及弹簧测力计2在管内的姿态进行成像；同时记录每条弹簧测力计2的示数F′ n，以及每个激光源11发射的激光在透明管1外壁上定位刻度示数b n；
4)从不同方位的高速相机8成像中，测量得到每条弹簧测力计2与竖直方向的夹角β n；同时从成像中选取两个位于圆形阀芯4横截面中一条直径两端的两个激光源，将这两个激光源连线与阀芯中轴线相交的点水平移至透明管管壁读出读数a；
5)然后需要判断圆形阀芯4在水流冲击下在哪个方位发生偏转。当圆形阀芯4底部收到水流冲击时，首先水平上移，接着在不平衡力矩的作用下，在某个方位上发生扭转。通过不同方位拍摄到的圆形阀芯4不平衡状态记录圆心在亚克力管1外壁上的刻度a，并根据记录不同方位最外侧激光源11在亚克力管1外壁上的刻度，找出与a差值最大的b n记为b max,以拍摄得到b max的方位作为圆形 阀芯4发生扭转的方位，进而可以确定扭转中心轴所在位置，即b max的对应的高速相机拍摄方向。在该方位对应的高速相机8成像中，测量得到所有内钩环9所在的圆形阀芯4横断面的圆心O到透明管1外壁的距离l，再通过公式(1)得到圆形阀芯4的扭转角度α，该扭转角度α小于90°：
Figure PCTCN2020089876-appb-000002
6)根据公式(2)计算出每根弹簧测力计2竖直方向方向上的分力F 1n：
F 1n＝F n×cos β n            (2)
其中，F n＝F′ n-F 0；
7)测出与每根弹簧测力计2所在半径与圆形阀芯4的扭转中心轴之间的夹角γ n，夹角γ n小于90°；所述每根弹簧测力计2所在半径为与这根弹簧测力计2相连的内钩环9与所述圆心O的连线；根据公式(3)计算出每根弹簧测力计2到扭转中心轴所在的竖直平面的垂直距离L n：
L n＝R×sin γ n×cos α        (3)
其中R为圆形阀芯4的横截面半径；
8)整个圆形阀芯被扭转中心轴分成左右两半，右侧所有的弹簧扭矩相加的值应与左侧所有弹簧扭矩相加的值相同。因此，根据公式(4)将扭转中心轴同一侧(可选择任何一侧进行计算)每根弹簧测力计所产生的的扭矩相加，得到圆形阀芯4的总扭矩：
T＝F 11×L 1+F 12×L 2+...+F 1n×L n         (4)。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，包括渐扩式异型管(6)、水箱(10)、透明管(1)、弹簧测力计(2)、激光源(11)、圆形阀芯(4)以及高速相机(8)；
    所述的圆形阀芯(4)置于垂直的透明管(1)内，透明管(1)外壁上沿程标记有定位刻度；圆形阀芯(4)侧壁的同一高度上周向等角度均布有若干个内钩环(9)，且圆形阀芯(4)侧壁上在每个内钩环(9)正上方还固定有一个激光源(11)；每个内钩环(9)正上方的激光源(11)均位于圆形阀芯(4)侧壁的同一高度处，且每个激光源(11)的激光发射方向所在直线均穿过所有激光源(11)所在的圆形阀芯(4)横断面的圆心；所述透明管(1)内壁上同一高度周向等角度均布有与内钩环(9)数量相等的外钩环(3)，内钩环(9)与外钩环(3)两两成对，且每对内钩环(9)与外钩环(3)通过一个张紧的弹簧测力计(2)相连；在圆形阀芯(4)与透明管(1)的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计(2)呈中心对称分布，每条弹簧测力计(2)的拉力方向与其正上方的激光源(11)的激光发射方向平行；
    所述的渐扩式异型管(6)的渐缩端作为进水口，渐扩端与透明管(1)底部平滑连通；
    所述的高速相机(8)放置于透明管(1)外部，用于绕透明管(1)周向，在不同方位对圆形阀芯(4)及弹簧测力计(2)在管内的姿态进行成像。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的弹簧测力计(2)、外钩环(3)、内钩环(9)和激光源(11)的数量均为20。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的渐扩式异型管(6)呈圆弧型布置，水平进水，垂直向上出水。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述透明管(1)内径应大于两个弹簧测力计(2)的长度以及圆形阀芯(4)直径之和。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的圆形阀芯(4)底面设有若干螺栓孔，用于固定阀芯底面附加层(5)。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的高速相机(8)架设于摄影支架(7)上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的透明管(1)顶部连通水箱(10)。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所有弹簧测力计(2)的型号、尺寸均相同，在圆形阀芯(4)与透明管(1)的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转的情况下，所有弹簧测力计(2)对圆形阀芯(4)施加相同的拉力。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置，其特征在于，所述的透明管(1)为亚克力管。
  10. 一种利用如权利要求1～9任一所述测量装置的圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
    1)将待测量的圆形阀芯(4)安装于测量装置中，使圆形阀芯(4)在所有弹簧测力计(2)的拉力下悬空于透明管(1)中，且保证圆形阀芯(4)与透明管(1)的中轴线重合，没有发生倾斜扭转；
    2)保持所有弹簧测力计(2)位于同一水平面上，记录当前状态下所有弹簧测力计(2)的示数F 0；
    3)通过渐扩式异型管(6)向透明管(1)中进水对圆形阀芯(4)底面进行水流冲击，待圆形阀芯(4)达到稳定状态时，利用高速相机(8)以水平正对圆形阀芯(4)的高度，绕透明管(1)周向在不同方位对圆形阀芯(4)及弹簧测力计(2)在管内的姿态进行成像；同时记录每条弹簧测力计(2)的示数F′ n，以及每个激光源(11)发射的激光在透明管(1)外壁上定位刻度示数b n；
    4)从不同方位的高速相机(8)成像中，测量得到每条弹簧测力计(2)与竖直方向的夹角β n；同时从成像中选取两个位于圆形阀芯(4)横截面中一条直径两端的两个激光源，将这两个激光源连线与阀芯中轴线相交的点水平移至透明管管壁读出读数a；
    5)找出与a差值最大的b n记为b max,以拍摄得到b max的方位作为圆形阀芯(4)发生扭转的方位，在该方位对应的高速相机(8)成像中，测量得到所有内钩环(9)所在的圆形阀芯(4)横断面的圆心O到透明管(1)外壁的距离l， 再通过公式(1)得到圆形阀芯(4)的扭转角度α，该扭转角度α小于90°：
    Figure PCTCN2020089876-appb-100001
    6)根据公式(2)计算出每根弹簧测力计(2)竖直方向方向上的分力F 1n：
    F 1n＝F n×cosβ n  (2)
    其中，F n＝F′ n-F 0；
    7)测出与每根弹簧测力计(2)所在半径与圆形阀芯(4)的扭转中心轴之间的夹角γ n，夹角γ n小于90°；所述每根弹簧测力计(2)所在半径为与这根弹簧测力计(2)相连的内钩环(9)与所述圆心O的连线；根据公式(3)计算出每根弹簧测力计(2)到扭转中心轴所在的竖直平面的垂直距离L n：
    L n＝R×sinγ n×cosα  (3)
    其中R为圆形阀芯(4)的横截面半径；
    8)根据公式(4)将扭转中心轴同一侧每根弹簧测力计所产生的的扭矩相加，得到圆形阀芯(4)的总扭矩：
    T＝F 11×L 1+F 12×L 2+...+F 1n×L n  (4)。
PCT/CN2020/089876 2019-05-17 2020-05-12 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法 Ceased WO2020233458A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/253,632 US11703401B2 (en) 2019-05-17 2020-05-12 Measuring device and measuring method for measuring unbalanced moment of bottom surface of circular valve core

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910412747.0 2019-05-17
CN201910412747.0A CN110132455B (zh) 2019-05-17 2019-05-17 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020233458A1 true WO2020233458A1 (zh) 2020-11-26

Family

ID=67574988

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/089876 Ceased WO2020233458A1 (zh) 2019-05-17 2020-05-12 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US11703401B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN110132455B (zh)
WO (1) WO2020233458A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110132455B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2020-03-17 浙江大学 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法
CN111811808B (zh) * 2020-07-14 2021-04-27 浙江大学 一种工业用阀门阀体应力测量装置及其方法
CN112651093B (zh) * 2020-12-30 2023-04-21 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 一种汽轮机阀门蒸汽不平衡力的计算方法
CN113109206B (zh) * 2021-04-12 2023-03-24 上海天岳半导体材料有限公司 一种用于评价坩埚内原料装配均匀性的装置及方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100212422A1 (en) * 2009-02-25 2010-08-26 Jeffrey Scott Allen Method and apparatus for pre-spinning rotor forgings
US20150107375A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 Ronald Frank Stanley Balance opposition comparator
CN107300440A (zh) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-27 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 静不平衡力矩的测量装置及检测方法
CN109596247A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-09 安徽响水涧抽水蓄能有限公司 一种半伞式水泵水轮机斜切式转子支架不平衡力测试分析方法
CN110132455A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-16 浙江大学 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU542927A1 (ru) * 1973-10-19 1977-01-15 Челябинский Филиал Государственного Союзного Научно-Исследовательского Тракторного Института Стенд дл определени момента трени в торцовых уплотнени х вращающихс валов
CN101709975B (zh) * 2009-11-27 2012-05-23 北京航空航天大学 一种航空遥感惯性稳定平台不平衡力矩估计与补偿方法
CN103822741B (zh) * 2012-11-16 2016-06-22 哈尔滨飞机工业集团有限责任公司 动平衡试验台铰链力矩无线测量方法
CN103335834B (zh) * 2013-07-02 2015-08-19 南京工业大学 一种节流阀口性能试验装置
CN103499706B (zh) * 2013-09-24 2015-03-25 中国长江三峡集团公司 扭秤式流动测量仪及其测量方法
CN103924530A (zh) * 2014-04-30 2014-07-16 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 桥梁转体施工平衡重调控方法及调控系统

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100212422A1 (en) * 2009-02-25 2010-08-26 Jeffrey Scott Allen Method and apparatus for pre-spinning rotor forgings
US20150107375A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2015-04-23 Ronald Frank Stanley Balance opposition comparator
CN107300440A (zh) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-27 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 静不平衡力矩的测量装置及检测方法
CN109596247A (zh) * 2018-12-05 2019-04-09 安徽响水涧抽水蓄能有限公司 一种半伞式水泵水轮机斜切式转子支架不平衡力测试分析方法
CN110132455A (zh) * 2019-05-17 2019-08-16 浙江大学 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110132455A (zh) 2019-08-16
US11703401B2 (en) 2023-07-18
CN110132455B (zh) 2020-03-17
US20220057276A1 (en) 2022-02-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110132455B (zh) 一种圆形阀芯底面不平衡力矩测量装置及测量方法
CN105784276B (zh) 海工结构物试验模型多轴向惯量自动测量与调节装置及其使用方法
CN105951897B (zh) 检测预制管桩完整性的孔中成像装置及检测方法
CN103630705B (zh) 一种利用固态二维风速风向测量仪的测量方法
CN106053395A (zh) 水体透明度测量装置及其测量方法
WO2023198137A1 (zh) 一种具有主动压舱装置的漂浮式风机
CN118500474B (zh) 一种超重力环境下流体流量、压力的测定装置及测定方法
CN116222509A (zh) 一种光伏支架基础检测装置
CN209102330U (zh) 一种流体能量动量方程两用试验仪
CN110927824B (zh) 风速风向测试装置及测试方法
CN205742302U (zh) 一种检测预制管桩完整性的孔中成像装置
CN210952737U (zh) 一种用于建筑施工模板的平整度检测装置
LU501743B1 (en) Test device for layering degree of ceramsite concrete
CN206991614U (zh) 物理力学实验装置
CN209783580U (zh) 自平衡沉箱或沉井水平度测量装置
CN208021676U (zh) 一种具有安全警示功能的水文风向浮标装置
CN217179723U (zh) 一种便携式流量计校准装置
CN108648571B (zh) 一种理论力学力偶平衡的演示仪
CN112611362B (zh) 一种水文水利伸缩测杆
CN107356484B (zh) 一种土体三轴实验仪中试样垂度矫正装置及其使用方法
CN2519264Y (zh) 超广角镜头畸变测试装置
CN215217995U (zh) 改进型弹簧劲度系数实验仪
CN211158353U (zh) 一种用于消防系统的水流指示器
CN206804491U (zh) 渗流试验系统
CN214407462U (zh) 一种桩柱垂直度检测装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20810536

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20810536

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1