WO2020221034A1 - 听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法 - Google Patents

听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法 Download PDF

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WO2020221034A1
WO2020221034A1 PCT/CN2020/085480 CN2020085480W WO2020221034A1 WO 2020221034 A1 WO2020221034 A1 WO 2020221034A1 CN 2020085480 W CN2020085480 W CN 2020085480W WO 2020221034 A1 WO2020221034 A1 WO 2020221034A1
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spatial
sound source
motion
data
subject
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French (fr)
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倪广健
许淄豪
明东
刘宝禄
张海裕
郑琪
庞嘉
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Tianjin University
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Tianjin University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • A61B5/121—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity
    • A61B5/123—Audiometering evaluating hearing capacity subjective methods
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/302—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic sound system to listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/303—Tracking of listener position or orientation
    • H04S7/304—For headphones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/12—Audiometering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/11—Positioning of individual sound objects, e.g. moving airplane, within a sound field

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of auditory spatial positioning, and in particular to a parameterized detection system for auditory spatial positioning capability, which relates to the human auditory spatial discrimination capability of three-dimensional spatial sound sources.
  • Both single and binaural ears of humans have positioning capabilities.
  • Monoaural positioning is the auditory effect caused by the reflection of incident sound waves on each part of the auricle, which is called the auricle effect.
  • Binaural positioning relies on two clues to locate sound: the difference in the time when the sound reaches the two ears-the difference in ear time, and the difference in the intensity of the sound reaching the two ears.
  • Single-ear positioning is mainly in the vertical direction, while binaural positioning is mainly in the horizontal direction.
  • the sound waves emitted from the sound source are transmitted to the two ears, and the input information on the cochlear nerves on both sides is generated through the feelings of the cochlea on both sides, and then analyzed and synthesized by the central system, and it can be distinguished by the cooperative work of the auditory areas on both sides Sound source direction. Only when there are differences in hearing between the two ears, the brain nerves can judge the spatial location of the sound source based on these differences.
  • the sound level difference, time difference, phase difference, timbre difference, Haas effect and De Pohé effect when the sound waves emitted from the sound source reach both ears provide a basis for the determination of the sound source position.
  • the auditory system matures earlier in the process of human development. It has already started 3 months before birth. Newborns and infants already have a certain sound source localization ability, which can distinguish whether sound information comes from left or right. The accuracy of vertical sound source localization ability of young children increases with the increase of months, and it can reach 1° ⁇ 2° accurately by the age of 5, which is no significant difference compared with adults. Sound source localization testers are divided into two categories: the first category, newborn babies and patients with normal physical examination; the second category, hearing impaired patients.
  • the sound source localization test for patients with hearing disabilities can be divided into three categories: sound source localization test for patients with unilateral cochlear implantation, sound source localization test for patients with bilateral cochlear implantation, and dual mode (one cochlear implant, the opposite side) Hearing aid) patient's sound source localization test.
  • the commonly used sound source positioning test instrument is mainly a sound cage.
  • the main technical indicators of the sound cage the distance between each fixed sound source and the center is equal, that is, the radius of the sound cage is 500mm; the fixed position of the sound source: 25, divided into three transverse sections and four longitudinal sections, with eight sound sources on each transverse section , Each longitudinal section has 7 sound sources; the sound source audio frequency is divided into high frequency (3500Hz), intermediate frequency (1000Hz), low frequency (300Hz); the volume is continuously adjustable; it can be set 10-100 times (ten times per file) ) Test times; automatically judge right and wrong, and display the right or wrong times in real time; the subject judges that the answer keyboard is composed of 25 direction keys and ready, correct, and error indicators.
  • the device can not only provide the awareness of sound stimulation in 25 directions equidistant from the center of the auditory axis, but also digitally display the accuracy of auditory positioning in real time. It is a common instrument for measuring auditory positioning ability.
  • the present invention provides a parameterized auditory positioning detection system at any position in space, and the system provides an accurate parameterization of the minimum audible angle of the auditory space of the subject, see The following description:
  • a parametric detection system for auditory spatial positioning capability comprising:
  • the upper computer system calculates the space motion data according to the space coordinate conversion algorithm based on the nonlinear least squares algorithm and communicates with the lower computer; the space motion system realizes precise control of any position in space through circumferential motion, radial motion and vertical motion;
  • the real-time three-dimensional display system is built into the host computer system. Based on virtual reality technology, the three-dimensional model is reconstructed in real time through the system image, and the real-time motion data of the system is fed back; the audio system randomly generates the sound source audio data type and equal difference decibel sound source .
  • the patient objective evaluation system is used to detect the spatial location of the human ear sound source, select the spatial point data, match the real sound source spatial data, and give an objective evaluation.
  • the host computer system is composed of an industrial computer, a 144Hz refresh frequency display, and a communication cable;
  • the industrial computer randomly generates the time series and spatial positions of the spatial sound source detection points according to the spatial conversion algorithm, and caches the data in the data area, and sends the data results to the spatial motion system through the communication protocol. driver.
  • the audio system randomly generates the optimal sound source audio data with the same number of spatial positions, and randomly matches the optimal sound source audio data to the spatial coordinate data one by one, according to the coordinate points
  • the generated audio signal is played repeatedly in random order in time.
  • the patient objective evaluation system is that the subject clicks on the spatial position of the sound source on the interface of the real-time three-dimensional display system, and matches the spatial position selected by the subject with the spatial position in the buffer list. Give the evaluation result of the patient's spatial positioning ability.
  • the industrial computer converts the coordinates in the data list into the current coordinate origin according to the spatial center point of the subject’s ears, and converts the coordinates into circumferential motion pulses, radial motion pulses, and vertical motion pulses, and combines these data Temporarily store in the data stack according to the time label.
  • the subject judges the spatial position according to the audio information of the sound source, and selects the spatial position of the virtual entity on the subject’s display screen.
  • the industrial computer uses the spatial position coordinate information selected by the subject and the corresponding sequential
  • the spatial location cache data is matched, and it is given whether the subject correctly judged the spatial location of the sound source.
  • a method for parametrically detecting the minimum audible angle of auditory spatial positioning capability includes the following steps:
  • the spatial positions with the highest accuracy rate and the lowest accuracy rate are classified;
  • the speed control module of the servo motor driver makes the movement time between each sound source point equal
  • the matching is correct, continue to reduce the minimum audible angle.
  • the current audible angle is regarded as the participant's minimum audible angle.
  • the spatial distance between the sound sources is specifically: changes in the horizontal angle, the vertical angle, and the distance between the center of the sphere.
  • the present invention uses an industrial computer as the main control hardware device of the parameterized detection system, which can randomly generate the spatial position data sequence of the detection point on the space sphere based on the clinical data and the physiological parameters of the subject according to a certain algorithm, and generate the spatial point coordinate data Cache to the data list (data stack) according to the time label, and transmit the data to the motion control system through the communication protocol.
  • the circumferential movement of the detection system is driven by a servo motor and a gear structure, and accurate position control (pulse number inspection) is achieved through real-time communication and feedback calibration with an industrial computer.
  • groove-shaped tracks are used to reduce friction during circumferential movement. In addition to interference, it can also play a protective role and improve the safety factor of the parameterized detection system.
  • the radial movement of the detection system is driven by a servo motor and a screw structure.
  • the motion pulse number of the space radial control motor is calculated by the industrial computer and sent to the servo motor driver, and then the position control method is used to achieve the precise radial motion position. control.
  • the accuracy of the radial motion of the parameterized detection system is improved, and the circular motion of the servo motor is converted into a linear motion.
  • the vertical movement of the detection system is driven by a servo motor and a roller structure.
  • the vertical movement pulse data of the industrial computer is sent to the vertical movement servo motor driver, and the reverse chain length is accurately controlled according to the position control method. After the roller structure, the control accuracy of the length of the reverse chain is doubled to meet the accuracy requirements of the vertical movement.
  • the three-dimensional display system uses two 144Hz displays. One is the display screen of the operator, which displays the changes in the three-dimensional space position of the sound source in real time, so that the operator can observe the position of the sound source in real time; the other is the display screen of the subject, which can be rotated by the mouse at will , Zoom and pan the three-dimensional model of the sound source sphere space, and click on the screen to distinguish the sound source space position.
  • the examinee's hearing deviation angle medical index detection subsystem compares the generated sound source point coordinate data list with the sound source point position selected by the subject, calculates the accuracy rate and gives the average value of the offset angle, which serves as the basis for the objective evaluation of the operator (doctor) .
  • the present invention also allows the patient to make a judgment on the distance between the sound source position and the center of the sphere, which is significantly different from the sound cage detection device (only the spatial angle is judged) , There is no judgment of spatial distance).
  • This detection system can create a sound source at any fixed point within the range of a three-dimensional sphere through circumferential movement, radial movement and vertical movement according to the doctor's clinical needs, and only needs a sound source generator.
  • Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a parametric detection system for auditory spatial positioning capabilities
  • Figure 2 is a working flow chart of the parametric detection system for auditory spatial positioning capabilities
  • Figure 3 is a working flow chart of the minimum audible angle test.
  • a parametric detection system for auditory spatial positioning capability see Figure 1 and Figure 2.
  • the parametric detection system includes: host computer system 1, spatial motion system 2, real-time three-dimensional display system 3, audio system 4 and patient objective evaluation system 5. Among them,
  • the upper computer system 1 calculates the space motion data according to the space coordinate conversion algorithm based on the nonlinear least squares algorithm and communicates with the lower computer (the driver and controller of the servo motor); the space motion system 2 uses the circumferential motion, radial motion and Vertical movement realizes precise control of any position in space;
  • the real-time three-dimensional display system 3 is built into the host computer system 1. Based on virtual reality technology, the three-dimensional model is reconstructed in real time through system images, and the real-time motion data of the system is fed back; the audio system 4 randomly generates the sound source audio data type and equal difference value Sound source in decibels.
  • the patient objective evaluation system 5 is used to detect the spatial location of the human ear sound source, select the spatial point data, match with the real sound source spatial data, and give an objective evaluation.
  • the upper computer system 1 is composed of an industrial computer, a 144Hz refresh frequency display, and a communication cable.
  • the industrial computer mainly generates the time series and spatial position of the spatial sound source detection point according to the clinical indicators and the physiological parameters of the subject according to the spatial conversion algorithm, and caches the data in the data area (cache list, stack), and transfers the data through the communication protocol The result is sent to the driver of the space motion system 2; the 144Hz refresh rate display provides a virtual three-dimensional display based on the real environment.
  • the space motion system 2 is composed of three sub-modules of axial motion, radial motion and vertical motion.
  • the motion of each sub-module is controlled by the corresponding servo motor driver to control the accuracy of the motion.
  • the servo motor driver communicates with the industrial computer through the communication cable according to the communication protocol. Real-time communication is carried out to realize the precise positioning of the sound source at any point within the space sphere.
  • the real-time three-dimensional display system 3 is the data information processing part.
  • the pulse data sent by the servo motor driver of each sub-module is adjusted in real time according to the conversion rules of each sub-component in the virtual model (for example: circumferential motion system, radial motion system, etc.) in world coordinates Reconstruct the three-dimensional data display system and present it on the monitor.
  • the above-mentioned conversion rule is one-to-one correspondence between the parameters of the servo motor and the communication protocol to improve the position accuracy, which is not repeated in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the audio system 4 randomly generates the optimal sound source audio data with the same number of spatial positions based on clinical experience (usually an expert knowledge base, which will not be repeated in the embodiment of the present invention) and the physiological parameters of the subject, and the optimal The sound source audio data is randomly matched to the spatial coordinate data one by one, and the generated audio signal is randomly played repeatedly according to the time sequence of the coordinate points, making the detection result more objective.
  • the patient objective evaluation system 5 is where the subject clicks on the spatial location of the sound source on the interface of the real-time three-dimensional display system 3, and matches the spatial location selected by the subject with the spatial location in the buffer list, and gives the patient objectively The evaluation result of the spatial positioning ability.
  • the line connecting the starting point and the center of the sphere is taken as the axis, and the area where the angle between the axis and the axis is 10° and intersecting with the sphere is the candidate area.
  • the above-mentioned threshold 80% is set according to requirements in practical applications, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operator inputs the physiological parameters of the subject and the number of tests to the interactive interface of the industrial computer, and the industrial computer randomly generates a coordinate sequence of spatial points and caches it in the data list;
  • the industrial computer converts the coordinates in the data list into the current coordinate origin according to the spatial center point of the subject’s ears, and converts the coordinates into circumferential motion pulses, radial motion pulses, and vertical motion pulses, and combines these data Temporarily store in the data stack according to the time label;
  • the data frames in the data stack are transmitted to the servo motor drive through the data cable according to the RS-485 communication protocol according to the principle of "first in, first out";
  • the data will be sent to the servo motor driver corresponding to the address number in the order of circumferential movement, radial movement, and vertical movement. After the circumferential movement is completed, the radial movement will start, and finally the vertical movement. When the three motions are completed, the spatial position of the sound source will end;
  • the subject judges the spatial location based on the audio information of the sound source, and selects the virtual entity's spatial location on the subject's display screen.
  • the industrial computer uses the spatial location coordinate information selected by the subject and the corresponding sequential spatial location Cache data is matched, and whether the subject has correctly judged the spatial position of the sound source;
  • step 207 Repeat step 204 to step 206 and count, and stop the experiment when the number of experiments reaches the preset number (to ensure that the ratio of the number of high frequency, intermediate frequency, and low frequency audio is 1:1:1 during each experiment). After the experiment, the judgement accuracy rate of the subjects is given according to the judgment of the subjects.
  • the space is divided into eight parts: left front upper, left front lower, left rear upper, left rear lower, right front upper, right front lower, right rear upper, right rear lower, according to the subjects According to the judgment result of the operator, the spatial position of the highest correct rate and the lowest correct rate are calculated.
  • the entire minimum audible angle test is divided into three parts: the sound source moves in the horizontal plane for the minimum audible angle test, and the sound source moves in the mid-plane Carry out the minimum audible angle test, the minimum audible angle test of the movement of the sound source in the auditory space, that is, the sound source moves in the selected plane or space according to a certain law, and an objective evaluation is given through the judgment result of the subject;
  • the model of each device is not limited except for special instructions, and the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can complete the above-mentioned functions.

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Abstract

一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法，系统包括：上位机系统(1)计算空间运动数据并与下位机进行通讯；空间运动系统(2)通过周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动实现空间任意位置控制；实时三维显示系统(3)内置于上位机系统(1)；音频系统(4)随机生成声源音频数据类型和等差值分贝声源；患者客观评价系统(5)用于检测人的空间定位与声源空间数据进行匹配并给出客观评价。方法包括：将周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动的伺服电机驱动器的控制模式调为速度控制方式，使得每两个声源点之间的运动时间相同。声源点距离不断变化，直到被试者不能正确分辨出声源点空间位置时停止检测，此时两个声源点之间的空间角为被试者的最小可听角。听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法提高控制精度。

Description

听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及听觉空间定位领域，尤其涉及一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，该系统涉及三维空间声源的人类听觉空间辨别能力。
背景技术
听觉对声源方位的判断是人耳最重要的功能之一。人的单耳和双耳都具有定位能力。单耳定位是耳廓各部位对入射声波反射而引起的听觉效果，称为耳廓效应。双耳定位是依靠两条线索来定位声音：声音到达双耳的时间差别——耳时间差，和声音到达两只耳朵强度差。单耳定位主要表现在竖直方向，而双耳定位主要在水平方向。从声源发出的声波传入两耳，先通过两侧耳蜗的感受，分别产生两侧耳蜗神经上的输入信息，再由中枢系统进行分析综合，依靠两侧大脑听区的协同工作才能辨别出声源方向。只有当两耳听觉中存在差异，脑神经才能根据这些差异来判断声源空间方位。从声源发出的声波到达双耳时的声级差、时间差、相位差、音色差以及哈斯效应和德·波埃效应等，都为声源方位的判定提供依据。在低频(0.5-2kHz)声源定位时，人对时间差(相位差)敏感，人的时间差最大值为700ms，但在10-20ms就可以定位空间声源位置；在高频(4-16kHz)声源定位时，人对强度差敏感。
听觉系统在人体发育过程中成熟较早，在出生前3个月已经开始，新生儿及婴儿已经具备一定的声源定位能力，可区分声音信息是来自左还是右。幼儿垂直声源定位能力随着月龄增长准确度提高，到5岁时就可以准确达到1°～2°，与成人相比没有明显差异。声源定位测试者分为两大类：第一类，新出生婴儿及正常体检患者；第二类，听力障碍患者。目前听力残障患者进行声源定位测试主要可分为三类：单侧耳蜗植入患者的声源定位测试、双侧耳蜗植入患者的声源定位测试和双模式(一侧人工耳蜗，对侧助听器)患者的声源定位测试。
目前常用的声源定位测试仪器主要是音笼。音笼的主要技术指标：各固定声源与中心距离相等，即音笼半径500mm；声源固定方位：25个，分三个横剖面与四个纵剖面，每个横剖面上八个声源，每个纵剖面上有7个声源；声源音频分为高频(3500Hz)、中频(1000Hz)、低频(300Hz)；音量连续可调；可以设定10-100次(每档十次)的实验次数； 自动判断对错，并实时显示正确或错误次数；被试判断应答键盘是由25个方位键与预备、正确、错误指示灯。该装置不仅能够提供与听轴中心等距离的二十五个方位上产生声音刺激的意识，还能实时数码显示听觉定位的准确率，是测定听觉定位能力的常用仪器。
然而，常用的听觉定位能力的仪器采用固定25个声源位置进行随机声源测试，不能够提供较为精确的空间任意位置的声源测试，最为重要的一点是不能够提供被试者定位声源的最小可听角。
综上所述，亟需一种能够精确定位三维空间球体上任意一点的生源测试，且能够参数化控制声源精确位置，提供精确的被试者听觉空间的最小可听角的听觉定位检测系统。而关于这种检测系统目前还没有相关研究。
发明内容
本发明针对现有系统的不足，提供了一种参数化的空间任意位置的听觉定位检测系统，且该系统提供一种精确的被试者的听觉空间的最小可听角的参数化，详见下文描述：
一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，所述系统包括：
上位机系统按照基于非线性最小二乘算法的空间坐标转换算法计算空间运动数据并与下位机进行通讯；空间运动系统通过周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动实现空间任意位置的精确控制；
实时三维显示系统内置于上位机系统中，基于虚拟现实技术，将三维模型通过系统图像进行实时重构，反馈系统的实时运动数据；音频系统随机生成声源音频数据类型和等差值分贝声源。
患者客观评价系统用于检测人耳声源空间定位选择空间点数据、与真实声源空间数据进行匹配并给出客观评价。
其中，所述上位机系统由工控机、144Hz刷新频率显示器、通讯电缆组成；
工控机根据临床指标和被试者生理参数，根据空间转换算法随机生成空间声源检测点的时间序列和空间位置，并将数据缓存到数据区，通过通讯协议将数据结果发送到空间运动系统的驱动器。
所述音频系统根据临床经验和被试者的生理学参数，随机生成与空间位置数量相同的最优声源音频数据，并将最优声源音频数据一一随机匹配到空间坐标数据，根据坐标点的时间顺序随机重复播放生成的音频信号。
进一步地，所述患者客观评价系统是被试者在实时三维显示系统的界面上点选声源的空间位置，并将被试者选择的空间位置跟缓存列表中的空间位置进行匹配检验，客观给出患者的空间定位能力的评价结果。
所述工控机将数据列表中的坐标按照被试者双耳的空间中心点为当前坐标原点，将坐标转换成周向运动脉冲数、径向运动脉冲数以及垂直运动脉冲数，并将这些数据按照时间标签暂存到数据栈中。
具体实现时，被试者根据声源音频信息判断出空间位置，在被试者的显示屏上进行虚拟实体的空间位置选择，工控机根据被试者选择的空间位置坐标信息与对应顺次的空间位置缓存数据进行匹配，给出被试者是否正确判断出声源空间位置。
一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测最小可听角的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
根据被试者空间定位能力检测结果归类出最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置；
在最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置内任选一个空间点作为声源的起始点；
在区域的边缘点和起始点之间等比例缩小声源间空间距离；
通过伺服电机驱动器的速度控制模块使每个声源点之间运动时间相等；
实时匹配被试者点选的空间位置与声源空间位置数据，当匹配正确时继续缩小最小可听角，当大于等于阈值时，将当前可听角数值作为被试者的最小可听角。
具体实现时，当匹配不正确时，按照当前的可听角数值在目前位置点附近随机更新五组空间位置点，继续进行匹配。
所述声源间空间距离具体为：水平角度、垂直角度和球心距离变化。
本发明提供的技术方案的有益效果是：
1、高度智能化、参数化声源空间定位检测系统。本发明采用工控机作为参数化检测系统的主控硬件设备，可以通过临床数据和被试者的生理学参数，依据一定算法随机生成空间球体上检测点的空间位置数据序列，将生成空间点坐标数据按照时间标签缓存到数据列表(数据栈)，通过通讯协议将数据传输给运动控制系统。
2、检测系统的周向运动采用伺服电机与齿轮结构驱动，通过实时与工控机通讯反馈校准达到精确位置控制(脉冲数检验)，此外，在周向运动时采用凹槽状轨道降低摩擦等其他干扰之外还能起到保护作用，提高参数化检测系统的安全系数。
3、检测系统的径向运动采用伺服电机与丝杠结构驱动，通过工控机计算得出空间径 向控制电机的运动脉冲数发送到伺服电机驱动器，然后采用位置控制方式实现径向运动位置的精准控制。此外，结合丝杠驱动结构，提高参数化检测系统径向运动精确度，将伺服电机的圆周运动转变成直线运动。
4、检测系统的垂直运动采用伺服电机与滚轮结构驱动，将工控机的垂直运动脉冲数据发送到垂直运动伺服电机驱动器，根据位置控制方式实现倒链长度精确控制。在经过滚轮结构，将倒链长度控制精度提高一倍，以达到垂直运动的精度要求。
5、通过运动控制系统(轴向运动伺服电机与齿轮组，径向运动伺服电机与丝杠组，垂直伺服电机与辊筒滚轮结构三部分)的位置控制，可以实现在空间球体上的精确控制，空间位置控制精度达到0.05°。
6、三维显示系统采用两块144Hz的显示器。一块作为操作者的显示屏幕，该屏幕实时显示声源的三维空间位置变化情况，以使操作者可以实时观察声源位置；另一块作为被试者的显示屏幕，被试者通过鼠标可以任意旋转、缩放、平移声源球体空间的三维模型，在显示屏上进行点选分辨的声源空间位置。
7、被试者听觉偏移角医学指标检测子系统。该子系统通过比对生成的声源点坐标数据列表与被试者点选的声源点位置，计算出准确率并且给出偏移角的平均值，作为操作者(医生)的客观评价依据。
8、最小可听角参数化检测。在听觉三维空间选择一点作为起始点，在它周围选择另外一点作为终止点，在两点之间等比例缩小声源点到球心距离，将周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动的伺服电机驱动器的控制模式调为速度控制方式，使得每两个声源点之间的运动时间相同。声源点距离不断变化，直到被试者不能正确分辨出声源点空间位置时停止检测，此时两个声源点之间的空间角为被试者的最小可听角。
9、本发明除了让患者判断出声源的空间角度之外，还让患者必须做出声源位置距离球心的距离判断，相较于音笼检测装置有明显的不同(只有空间角度的判断，没有空间距离的判断)。
10、本检测系统可以根据医生的临床需求，通过周向运动，径向运动和垂直运动，营造三维球体范围内的任意定点的声源，并且只需要一个声源发生器。
附图说明
图1为一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统的结构图；
图2为听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统的工作流程图；
图3为听觉最小可听角测试的工作流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例1
一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，参见图1和图2，该参数化检测系统包括：上位机系统1、空间运动系统2、实时三维显示系统3、音频系统4和患者客观评价系统5，其中，
上位机系统1按照基于非线性最小二乘算法的空间坐标转换算法计算空间运动数据并与下位机(伺服电机的驱动器与控制器)进行通讯；空间运动系统2通过周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动实现空间任意位置的精确控制；
实时三维显示系统3内置于上位机系统1中，基于虚拟现实技术，将三维模型通过系统图像进行实时重构，反馈系统的实时运动数据；音频系统4随机生成声源音频数据类型和等差值分贝声源。
患者客观评价系统5用于检测人耳声源空间定位选择空间点数据、与真实声源空间数据进行匹配并给出客观评价。
具体实现时，上位机系统1是由工控机、144Hz刷新频率显示器、通讯电缆组成。工控机主要根据临床指标和被试者生理参数，根据空间转换算法随机生成空间声源检测点的时间序列和空间位置，并将数据缓存到数据区(缓存列表、堆栈)，通过通讯协议将数据结果发送到空间运动系统2的驱动器；144Hz刷新频率显示器提供基于真实环境的虚拟三维显示。
空间运动系统2由轴向运动、径向运动和垂直运动三个子模块组成，每一个子模块的运动通过对应的伺服电机驱动器控制运动的精确度，伺服电机驱动器根据通讯协议经过通讯电缆与工控机进行实时通讯，以实现声源在空间球体范围内的任一点的精确定位。
实时三维显示系统3是数据信息处理部分，将每个子模块伺服电机驱动器发送的脉冲数据根据转换规则实时调整虚拟模型中每个子部件(例如：周向运动系统，径向运动系统等)在世界坐标上的空间位置，重建三维数据显示系统，呈现在显示器上。
其中，上述转换规则是根据伺服电机的参数和通讯协议进行一一对应，用来提高位置精度，本发明实施例对此不做赘述。
音频系统4根据临床经验(通常为专家知识库，本发明实施例对此不做赘述)和被试者的生理学参数，随机生成与空间位置数量相同的最优声源音频数据，并将最优声源音频数据一一随机匹配到空间坐标数据，根据坐标点的时间顺序随机重复播放生成的音频信号，使检测结果更加客观。
患者客观评价系统5是被试者在实时三维显示系统3的界面上点选声源的空间位置，并将被试者选择的空间位置跟缓存列表中的空间位置进行匹配检验，客观给出患者的空间定位能力的评价结果。
实施例2
下面结合具体的操作步骤，对实施例1中的方案进行进一步地介绍，详见下文描述：
101：根据被试者空间定位能力检测结果归类出最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置；
102：在最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置内任选一个空间点作为声源的起始点；
103：在区域的边缘点和起始点之间等比例缩小声源间空间距离——包括：水平角度、垂直角度和球心距离变化；
具体实现时，将起始点与球心连线作为轴，在空间内与轴夹角为10°且与球体相交的区域即为备选区域范围。
104：通过伺服电机驱动器的速度控制模块使每个声源点之间运动时间相等(避免被试者根据经验提前预估空间声源下一个空间方向)；
105：实时匹配被试者点选的空间位置与声源空间位置数据，当匹配正确时继续缩小最小可听角，当匹配不正确时，按照当前的可听角数值在目前位置点附近随机更新五组空间位置点，如果匹配正确率大于等于阈值(例如：80％)则继续下去，否则停止测试，并将当前可听角数值作为被试者的最小可听角。
其中，上述阈值80％根据实际应用中的需要进行设定，本发明实施例对此不做限制。
实施例3
201：操作者将被试者的生理参数和试验测试次数输入到工控机的交互界面，工控机随机生成空间点坐标序列并且缓存到数据列表；
202：工控机将数据列表中的坐标按照被试者双耳的空间中心点为当前坐标原点，将坐标转换成周向运动脉冲数、径向运动脉冲数以及垂直运动脉冲数，并将这些数据按照时间标签暂存到数据栈中；
203：将数据栈中的数据帧按照“先入先出”的原则，按照RS-485通讯协议通过数据电缆传送到伺服电机驱动器；
204：数据将按照周向运动、径向运动、垂直运动的顺序依次发送到对应地址编号的伺服电机驱动器，当完成周向运动之后，再开始径向运动，最后是垂直运动。当三个运动动作完成时声源空间位置运动结束；
205：从测试音频库中随机选择一组音频作为声源音频数据，每个空间位置等间隔的播放声源数据三次，作为被试者的耳声空间定位的判断依据；
206：被试者根据声源音频信息判断出空间位置，在被试者的显示屏上进行虚拟实体的空间位置选择，工控机根据被试者选择的空间位置坐标信息与对应顺次的空间位置缓存数据进行匹配，给出被试者是否正确判断出声源空间位置；
207：重复步骤204到步骤206并且计数，当实验次数达到预设次数时停止实验(每次实验过程中保证高频、中频、低频的音频数量比例为1：1：1)。实验结束后，根据被试者判断情况，给出被试者的判断准确率。
实施例4
301：根据被试者空间定位能力检测结果，将空间分为八部分：左前上、左前下、左后上、左后下、右前上、右前下、右后上、右后下，根据被试者的判断结果，统计出最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置。
302：分别在最高正确率和最低争取率的空间位置内任选一个空间点作为最小可听角声源测试的起始点；
303：在区域的边缘点和起始点之间等比例缩小声源间空间距离——包括水平角度、中平面角度和球心距离变化，在等距离的小空间球体内随机生成测试空间声源位置点，将空间声源点的三维坐标按照时间标签顺序放到数据列表；整个最小可听角的测试分为三部分进行：水平面内声源移动进行最小可听角测试，中平面内声源移动进行最小可听角测试，听觉空间内声源移动的最小可听角测试，即声源分别在选定平面内或者空间内按照一定规律运动，通过被试的判断结果给出客观的评价；
304：将数据列表的数据转化为周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动的脉冲数，按照RS-485协议通过传输电缆发送到伺服电机驱动器的接收端，通过伺服电机驱动器的速度控制模块使每个声源点之间运动时间相等(避免被试者根据经验提前预估空间声源下一个空间方向)。
305：实时匹配被试者点选的空间位置与声源空间位置数据，当匹配正确时继续缩小最小可听角，当匹配不正确时，按照当前的可听角数值在目前位置点附近随机更新五组空间位置点，如果匹配正确大于等于80％则继续下去，否则停止测试，并将当前可听角数值作为被试者的最小可听角。整体流程图如图3所示。
本发明实施例对各器件的型号除做特殊说明的以外，其他器件的型号不做限制，只要能完成上述功能的器件均可。
本领域技术人员可以理解附图只是一个优选实施例的示意图，上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：
    上位机系统按照基于非线性最小二乘算法的空间坐标转换算法计算空间运动数据并与下位机进行通讯；空间运动系统通过周向运动、径向运动和垂直运动实现空间任意位置的精确控制；
    实时三维显示系统内置于上位机系统中，基于虚拟现实技术，将三维模型通过系统图像进行实时重构，反馈系统的实时运动数据；音频系统随机生成声源音频数据类型和等差值分贝声源；
    患者客观评价系统用于检测人耳声源空间定位选择空间点数据、与真实声源空间数据进行匹配并给出客观评价。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，所述上位机系统由工控机、144Hz刷新频率显示器、通讯电缆组成；
    工控机根据临床指标和被试者生理参数，根据空间转换算法随机生成空间声源检测点的时间序列和空间位置，并将数据缓存到数据区，通过通讯协议将数据结果发送到空间运动系统的驱动器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，所述音频系统根据临床经验和被试者的生理学参数，随机生成与空间位置数量相同的最优声源音频数据，并将最优声源音频数据一一随机匹配到空间坐标数据，根据坐标点的时间顺序随机重复播放生成的音频信号。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，所述患者客观评价系统是被试者在实时三维显示系统的界面上点选声源的空间位置，并将被试者选择的空间位置跟缓存列表中的空间位置进行匹配检验，客观给出患者的空间定位能力的评价结果。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，所述工控机将数据列表中的坐标按照被试者双耳的空间中心点为当前坐标原点，将坐标 转换成周向运动脉冲数、径向运动脉冲数以及垂直运动脉冲数，并将这些数据按照时间标签暂存到数据栈中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统，其特征在于，被试者根据声源音频信息判断出空间位置，在被试者的显示屏上进行虚拟实体的空间位置选择，工控机根据被试者选择的空间位置坐标信息与对应顺次的空间位置缓存数据进行匹配，给出被试者是否正确判断出声源空间位置。
  7. 一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测最小可听角的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括以下步骤：
    根据被试者空间定位能力检测结果归类出最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置；
    在最高正确率和最低正确率的空间位置内任选一个空间点作为声源的起始点；
    在区域的边缘点和起始点之间等比例缩小声源间空间距离；
    通过伺服电机驱动器的速度控制模块使每个声源点之间运动时间相等；
    实时匹配被试者点选的空间位置与声源空间位置数据，当匹配正确时继续缩小最小可听角，当大于等于阈值时，将当前可听角数值作为被试者的最小可听角。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测最小可听角的方法，其特征在于，
    当匹配不正确时，按照当前的可听角数值在目前位置点附近随机更新五组空间位置点，继续进行匹配。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测最小可听角的方法，其特征在于，所述声源间空间距离具体为：水平角度、垂直角度和球心距离变化。
PCT/CN2020/085480 2019-04-29 2020-04-18 听觉空间定位能力的参数化检测系统及最小可听角的方法 Ceased WO2020221034A1 (zh)

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