WO2020220675A1 - 一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置 - Google Patents

一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220675A1
WO2020220675A1 PCT/CN2019/122669 CN2019122669W WO2020220675A1 WO 2020220675 A1 WO2020220675 A1 WO 2020220675A1 CN 2019122669 W CN2019122669 W CN 2019122669W WO 2020220675 A1 WO2020220675 A1 WO 2020220675A1
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Prior art keywords
flue gas
smoke
chamber
pipe
main body
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PCT/CN2019/122669
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张继宁
潘慧敏
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歙县绿源环保设备有限公司
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Publication of WO2020220675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220675A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a supporting device for incineration treatment of domestic waste, belonging to the field of innovative development of supporting equipment for incineration treatment of domestic waste.
  • the provided garbage incinerator includes furnace body and flue gas treatment facilities.
  • the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet, and the furnace body is composed of an insulation layer, a preheating layer and a furnace chamber from outside to inside.
  • the furnace is composed of a combustion chamber and a smoke storage chamber located above the combustion chamber.
  • the bottom side of the combustion chamber is provided with a total smoke outlet.
  • the flue gas in the furnace is led out from here and enters the flue gas treatment system. Because this furnace body changes the temperature of other basically similar incinerators, it produces an unreasonable phenomenon of up and down discontinuity, with low failure rate, uninterrupted up and down, and good combustion effect.
  • the disclosed small garbage incinerator is mainly embodied in air preheating, prevention of ablation of the furnace flue junction, low failure rate, and extended service life.
  • preconditions there are no corresponding specific measures to prevent the synthesis and decomposition of dioxins and inhibit the formation of dioxins; the secondary combustion of flue gas.
  • the patent document of Chinese Patent No. CN201310050414.0 discloses a "flue gas conditioning and atomization acid-base comprehensive reaction tower", and the provided “acid-base comprehensive reaction tower” has three structures: upper, middle, and lower Composed of parts.
  • the upper part is a round box, and the top of the box is tapered.
  • the smoke outlet is suspended in the center of the box.
  • the bottom of the pipe is a herringbone seal.
  • the outer space of the smoke outlet is along the top of the cone.
  • a circle of blocking hooks made of flat steel is welded, and a blocking hook is also welded to the bottom of the herringbone tube, and the middle is drooping in a herringbone shape.
  • the bottom of the whole box is also herringbone, and there are several smoke outlets equally divided along the circumference. There are several circles and horizontally alternating and evenly distributed blocking hooks around the smoke outlets. All blocking hooks are suspended.
  • the middle part is a rectangular box with the same width as the diameter of the upper circle.
  • One side is provided with a smoke inlet, and the opposite direction is provided with a reaction material inlet.
  • a stirring tank for reaction materials is provided at the bottom.
  • the semicircular center of the stirring tank is equipped with a transmission component.
  • the bottom of the tank is provided with an outlet after the reaction material is used, and a sealed door is arranged outside.
  • the lower part is provided with a structure support frame, and a fixing frame is welded on one side of the support frame, which acts on the assembly of the transmission motor.
  • This patented technology provided. It is mainly reflected in the production of mixed flow treatment flow field in the reaction tower to increase the time step of desulfurization and deacidification.
  • the chemical reaction components of the reaction materials can be effectively released.
  • the moisture content of the treatment medium and the influence factors on the comprehensive reaction are not considered in the treatment process.
  • the invention provides a reasonable flue gas flow in the main furnace of a garbage incinerator, and the flue gas derived from the furnace body is fully integrated with the unit components of the preferred flue gas treatment system at the rear, and the treatment flow field is required by each Carry out flue gas conditioning treatment to coordinate closely related environmental factors and technical means.
  • the heat transfer and mass transfer orientation problems embodied by the combustion of domestic waste can largely solve the re-pollution of the natural environment.
  • a supporting device for incineration treatment of domestic garbage including an incinerator, a multi-pipe flue gas cooler, a water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector, a flue gas treatment integrated adsorption tower, an induced draft fan, and a flue gas discharge assembly; the incineration The furnace, the main multi-pipe flue gas cooler, the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector, the flue gas treatment integrated adsorption tower, the induced draft fan, and the flue gas discharge assembly are connected in sequence through the pipeline;
  • the multi-pipe flue gas cooler includes a main body, and the main body includes a flue gas outlet pipe connection, a water storage chamber, a smoke gathering chamber, and a flue gas inlet pipe from the outside to the inside; the flue gas inlet pipe is arranged at The central position of the multi-pipe flue gas cooler, the inlet pipe of the flue gas inlet pipe extends out of the top plane of the cooler;
  • the smoke collecting chamber is arranged around the flue gas inlet pipe and is located in the main body; the smoke collecting chamber is composed of an upper upper smoke collecting chamber and a lower lower smoke collecting chamber, and several branches are respectively arranged around the middle flue gas inlet pipe Smoke pipe; the said smoke inlet pipe is inserted into the mouth of the lower smoke gathering chamber, and the bottom is provided with a collision hook, which acts to disperse the flow stress of the smoke;
  • One side of the smoke gathering chamber is parallel to the branch smoke duct, and a smoke outlet duct connected to the smoke outlet pipe is provided, and the smoke outlet duct extends out of the main body; the lowermost part of the lower smoke gathering chamber Dust exhaust port is set in the center, with sealing cover on the outside;
  • the other spaces between the main body and the flue gas outlet duct, the smoke gathering chamber, and the flue gas inlet pipe are all water storage chambers; the top side of the water storage chamber is provided with a raw water inlet, and the bottom end is provided with Drain.
  • the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector includes a main body, and the outside of the main body includes a medium outlet pipe connection from top to bottom, a reservoir through which the medium outlet pipe body passes downward, a main body box, and a main body.
  • a water inlet pipe is arranged on the top of the storage pool
  • a certain gap is preset around the bottom of the reservoir and the top of the main body tank to act on the water film opening that defines the water film; the top of the main body tank is provided with three circles of disordered hooks;
  • the middle part of the main box is provided with two sets of medium diverting control parts.
  • In the middle of the two sets of medium diverting control parts there are upper and lower medium upward flow ports; the upper and lower medium upward flow ports and medium diverging control parts Disorder hooks are set at the bottom;
  • a high-pressure nozzle is arranged directly above the upstream flow ports of the upper and lower media; the high-pressure nozzle is connected to one end of the high-pressure spray pipe, and the other end extends out of the main box and is provided with a high-pressure spray pipe inlet pipe fitting.
  • the flue gas discharge assembly includes an upper exhaust smoke chamber, a middle smoke duct, a lower return smoke chamber and a smoke inlet duct;
  • the top cover of the upper smoke discharging chamber is tapered, and is composed of a cone top plate of the smoke discharging chamber, a straight enclosure plate for discharging smoke, and a bottom plate of the discharging smoke chamber; the central position of the cone top plate of the smoke discharging chamber is set Have flue gas outlet pipe connection;
  • the lower return smoke chamber is composed of a roof of the return smoke chamber, a straight wall of the return smoke chamber, and a bottom plate of the return smoke chamber;
  • the lower part of the return smoke chamber is equipped with a cleaning port
  • the upright part of the flue gas inlet duct is at the center of the main body, and the bottom is directly connected to the lower return smoke chamber, and the horizontally parallel extending part is provided with an inlet pipe connection;
  • the invention selects the main body of the garbage incinerator composed of the secondary oxygen supply incineration and two combustion chambers.
  • the combination of unit components of the flue gas treatment system adopts dry and wet mixing technology, which increases the effect of desulfurization and dust removal. Under the combined effect of the second incineration of flue gas in the incinerator, the synthesis of dioxins is prevented and suppressed, and the flue gas is discharged to the standard.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the multi-pipe flue gas cooler of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flue gas emission assembly of the present invention.
  • a supporting device for domestic waste incineration treatment including an incinerator 1, a multi-pipe flue gas cooler 2, a water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector 3, a flue gas treatment integrated adsorption tower 4, an induced draft fan 5, and a flue gas discharge assembly 6;
  • the incinerator 1, the main multi-pipe flue gas cooler 2, the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector 3, the flue gas treatment integrated adsorption tower 4, the induced draft fan 5, the flue gas discharge assembly 6 passes through the pipeline in turn connection.
  • the incinerator 1 of the present invention is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. "201810420511.7", which was filed by the applicant on May 4, 2018.
  • the flue gas cooler provided by the present invention mainly cools the high-temperature flue gas derived from the main outlet flue of the incinerator body for a second time, using water as the cooling source, and the high-temperature flue gas passes through a cooling tube placed in the water to perform The cold and heat exchange achieves the purpose of cooling the processing medium at a time.
  • the cooler of this technology changes other general setting methods of entering the medium from the side and the bottom, and sets a flue gas outlet in the middle of the structure.
  • the multi-pipe flue gas cooler 2 of the present invention includes a main body.
  • the main body includes a flue gas outlet pipe connection 2-1, a water storage chamber 2-2, a smoke gathering chamber, and a flue gas inlet pipe 2-3 from the outside to the inside.
  • the inlet pipe 2-3 is arranged in the middle of the multi-pipe flue gas cooler, and the flue gas inlet pipe inlet pipe 2-3 extends out of the top plane of the cooler;
  • the smoke collecting chamber of the present invention is arranged around the flue gas inlet pipe 2-3 and is located in the main body Inside;
  • the smoke gathering chamber is composed of the upper upper smoke gathering chamber 2-4 and the lower lower smoke gathering chamber 2-5, and a number of branch smoke ducts 2-6 are respectively arranged around the middle smoke inlet pipe 2-3; smoke
  • the inlet pipe 2-3 is inserted into the nozzle of the lower smoke collecting chamber 2-5, and the bottom is provided with a collision hook 2-7, which acts to disperse the flow stress of the flue gas;
  • one side of the smoke collecting chamber, parallel to the branch smoke pipe, is provided with
  • the flue gas outlet pipe is connected to the flue gas outlet duct 2-8 of 2-1, and the flue gas outlet duct 2-8 extends out of the main body.
  • the flue gas after cooling and exchange is carried out through the flue gas duct placed in the water, and the flue gas is discharged from here and enters the next Processing unit.
  • the bottom of the lower smoke gathering chamber 2-5 is provided with a dust outlet 2-9 in the middle, and the outside is equipped with a sealing cover; other spaces between the main body and the flue gas outlet duct, the smoke gathering chamber, and the flue gas inlet pipe are the water storage chamber 2 -2;
  • the top side of the water storage chamber 2-2 is provided with a raw water inlet 2-10, and a drainage port 2-11 is provided inside the bottom end to realize water inflow and drainage. The position of the water inlet and drainage is controlled by maintaining a certain water level.
  • the flow rate of the inlet and outlet water is determined by the water temperature after the cold and heat exchange.
  • countermeasures are taken based on the effect of high-temperature flue gas through cold and heat exchange.
  • supporting feet are provided around the bottom.
  • the main part of the multi-pipe flue gas cooler of the present invention is composed of the main body peripheral plate 2-12, the main body top plate 2-13 and the bottom plate 2-14; the smoke gathering chamber is composed of the upper smoke pool bottom plate 2-15, the inner enclosure plate 2-16, and the bottom plate 2-14.
  • the smoke pool bottom plate 2-17, the top plate 2-18, the enclosure plate 2-19, and the main body top plate 2-13 are composed. The inserted pipes are removed from the main body, and the remaining space is filled with raw cooling water.
  • the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector 3 of the present invention includes a main body.
  • the outside of the main body respectively includes a medium outlet pipe connection 3-1, a reservoir 3-2 through which the medium outlet pipe body passes downwards, and a main body box 3 from top to bottom. -3.
  • the drain pipe at the bottom of the collecting bucket is connected to 3-7 and the supporting feet 3-8 at the bottom of the main tank; in the main body, a certain gap is preset around the bottom of the reservoir and the top of the main tank to define the water film formed by the water film Port 3-9;
  • the top of the main box is provided with three circles of turbulent hooks 3-10;
  • the middle of the main box is provided with two sets of medium flow control parts 3-11, and the upper and lower medium upflow ports are located in the middle of the two sets of medium flow control parts 3-12, 3-13;
  • the structure of the water film plus high-pressure spray synthetic dust collector matched by the present invention is similar in appearance to other similar schemes, but the concept of internal components is novel and simple.
  • the internal treatment flow field of the main flue gas treatment chamber is a mixed flow flue gas treatment flow field.
  • two sets of upper and lower high-pressure spray assemblies are arranged in the middle of the space of the upper part of the processing chamber, and ribbed steel supports are used as suspended installations.
  • a high-pressure spray pipe is arranged in the middle of the flue gas flow port, and the high-pressure nozzle is directly facing the flue gas upward flow port.
  • the high-pressure spray water collides with the flue gas flowing as a fluid to accelerate the mixed flow and increase the desulfurization effect.
  • the flue gas can be further divided to flow at a high speed from the fusion port between the water film and the high-pressure spray assembly of the processing chamber, and impact the liquid surface of the water film to generate a large number of droplets and water mist.
  • the flue gas is fused and exchanged with liquid droplets and water mist through jet flow to further remove the smoke and heavy metal particles in the flue gas.
  • the high-pressure spray assembly has a roof slope that allows the edge water of the high-pressure spray to flow down all around, forming a water curtain, and the upper and lower groups act simultaneously.
  • the flue gas flows in contact with the water curtain, which can play a role in assisting dust removal.
  • the disorder hooks set on the top of the processing chamber and the bottom of the assembly top plate can control the flow rate of the flue gas to the smoke outlet and increase the accuracy of indoor flue gas treatment. Residence time. It is also an important link in the formation of the indoor mixed flow field.
  • the treated dust-containing water is connected by a pipe at the bottom of the water collecting bucket and the water outlet, and discharged into the treatment pool for use as circulating water. After treatment, the flue gas is passed through for treatment Connect the outlet pipe of the tank at the top of the chamber. Connect the next processing unit with a pipeline to complete the processing flow in the processor.
  • the induced draft fan 5 of the present invention adopts a conductive component cooling type, so as to avoid component distortion caused by long-term high-speed operation, which affects normal conduction.
  • the B-type conduction mode is used for the flue gas system compatibility. Orifice tube to help remove the aerosol water in the fan, reduce corrosion, extend the life of the fan, and reduce maintenance costs.
  • An emission assembly is provided at the rear end of the present invention, which changes the traditional flue gas emission process.
  • the flue gas uses a single channel to enter the structure, and is returned from the multiple flue gas ducts distributed around the flue gas pipe to the upper exhaust flue gas chamber, and enters the exhaust flue pipe from the smoke outlet to reduce the atmospheric pressure in the assembly. Long the flow of smoke in the structure. Promote the rationality of the entire flue gas treatment process.
  • the flue gas discharge assembly 6 includes an upper smoke discharge chamber 6-1, a middle smoke duct 6-2, a lower return smoke chamber 6-3 and a flue gas inlet duct 6-4; the upper smoke discharge chamber top cover Cone shape, composed of the top plate 6-5 of the smoke discharge chamber, the straight enclosure plate 6-6 of the smoke discharge chamber, and the bottom plate 6-7 of the smoke discharge chamber; the central position of the cone top plate 6-5 of the smoke discharge chamber is provided
  • the flue gas outlet pipe is connected to 6-8;
  • the lower return smoke chamber 6-3 is composed of the return smoke chamber roof 6-9, the return smoke chamber straight wall 6-10, and the return smoke chamber bottom plate 6-11; the lower part of the return smoke chamber Equipped with cleaning ports 6-12;
  • the upright part of the flue gas inlet duct 6-4 is at the center of the main body and the bottom is directly connected to the lower return flue chamber.
  • the horizontally extending part is provided with an inlet pipe connection, and the bottom of the flue gas inlet duct is welded with a disordered hook 6-13; Centered on the upright part of the inlet flue gas pipe, a number of flue gas pipes 6-2 are evenly distributed around the flue gas pipes 6-2, the flue gas enters the lower return flue chamber from the inlet flue gas pipe, and the return flow divides from the return flue gas pipe It enters into the exhaust smoke chamber and leads out from the junction of the flue gas outlet pipe.
  • the flue gas inlet duct 6-4 is connected with the air supply pipe of the induced draft fan 5.
  • the main body of the incinerator matched by the technology of the present invention is provided with a combustion chamber and a second combustion chamber, because a secondary air inlet is provided between the two chambers.
  • the top of the second combustion chamber is provided with an upward-rotating flow smoke port and an enveloping flue, which makes the flue gas flow in the whole structure reasonable and orderly, so the temperature of the flue gas derived from the second combustion chamber is higher.
  • the flue gas treatment system is equipped with cooling and temperature reduction and water film + high-pressure spray desulfurization and dust removal equipment.
  • the flue gas after temperature treatment has high moisture content, in order to dry the flue gas And further remove the acid gas and organic matter such as dioxins in the flue gas, cadmium, lead, and heavy metal particles with an average diameter of only 40-80 microns.
  • a comprehensive flue gas adsorption tower is installed.
  • the pollutants in the flue gas are combined and reacted with the reaction material in the treatment chamber, settled and adsorbed by the activated carbon set in the tower. Equipped with ejector equipment, the induced draft fan is branched and deflected to the flue gas discharge system and discharged through the flue gas discharge pipe.
  • the invention can make the amount of floating and flowing flue gas generated after garbage incineration is small, and the flue gas flow in the chamber is reasonable and orderly.
  • the flue gas is processed by multi-unit effect, which can effectively remove acid gas, dioxin organic matter and heavy metal particles in the flue gas.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，包括焚烧炉（1）、多管道烟气冷却器（2）、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器（3）、烟气处理综合吸附塔（4）、引风机（5）、烟气排放组合体（6）；焚烧炉（1）、主多管道烟气冷却器（2）、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器（3）、烟气处理综合吸附塔（4）、引风机（5）、烟气排放组合体（6）依次通过管道连接。该装置能阻止和仰制二噁英的合成，促使烟气达标排放。

Description

一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，属于生活垃圾焚烧处理配套设备的创新开发领域。
背景技术
纵观当前小城镇及农村垃圾处理方法及配套设备，受地理条件等制约，还是以配套小型甚至最小型垃圾处理配套设备为主。但前提是必须充分认识到活垃圾焚烧处理技术的性能至关重要，因生活垃圾焚烧与环境因子和技术手段的相互协调息息相关，如天气、季节、垃圾成份，操作过程中的“勤”与“懒”等。还有垃圾本身含湿量以及产生的热值多少，会直接影响垃圾焚烧，烟气产生和处理质量等。
如中国专利号ZL201210003681.8的专利文献所公开的一种“小型垃圾焚烧炉”。所提供的这种垃圾焚烧炉，包括炉体与烟气处理配套设施。炉体上设有进料口，炉体从外到内由保温层、预热层与炉膛组成。预热层中间没有隔板，底部设置有聚热风槽。隔板之上设置有通气孔，炉膛置于聚热风槽上方，炉膛内由燃烧室与位于燃烧室上方的储烟室组成。燃烧室的底部一侧设置有总出烟口。炉内烟气从此处导出，进入烟气处理系统。由于此炉体改变了其它基本类似的焚烧炉的温度产生上下不连贯的不合理现象，故障率低、上下连贯畅通、燃烧效果好。
所公开的这种小型垃圾焚烧炉，主要体现在，空气预热、杜绝炉膛烟道结合部烧蚀、故障率低、延长使用寿命等。但是在这样的前提条件下，针对阻止二噁英合成及分解和抑制二噁英的形成；烟气的二次燃烧问题，没有相应的具体措施。
中国专利号CN201310050414.0的专利文献所公开的一种“烟气调质雾化酸碱综合反应塔”，所提供的这种“酸碱综合反应塔”，构体由上、中、下三个部分组成。上部是一个圆型箱体，箱体上方呈锥形。锥形的中央设有出烟管，出烟管悬挂于箱体中心，管底为人字形封底，烟管四围开有三个直条形出烟口，在出烟口的外空间，沿着锥顶板焊有一圈用扁钢制作的阻挡钩，在人字形的管底同样焊有阻挡钩，中间下垂呈人字形。整个箱底也同样呈人字形，并设有几个沿着四周等分的出烟口，在出烟口四周的实地焊有几圈一横一直相互交替均匀分布的阻挡钩，所有的阻挡钩悬挂在中部箱体的上部中央。整个固体坐落在一个与下箱体相等面积的中央。中部是一个长方形箱体，宽度与上圆体直径相等。一侧设置有进烟口，相对方向设置有反应材料入口。底部是反应材料搅动槽，在搅动槽的半圆中心配有传动构件，在槽底设置有反应材料作用后出口，外配密封门。下部设置有构体支持架，在支持架的一侧焊制有固定架，作用于传动电机的装配。操作前，从反应材料入口，直接投入反应材料，启 动传动构件，由抓斗抓起反应材料抛洒，使整个空间充满气雾状态，处理介质与气雾混合。使其在阻挡钩作用下，形成气旋呈紊乱状态，在反应箱内充分混合，增加综合反应效果。让其在这样的处理流场中有效释放化学反应成份。所提供的这种专利技术。主要体现在反应塔内制作混流处理流场来增加脱硫脱酸的时间步合理，反应材料的化学反应成份可有效地尽数释放。但在处理流程中没有考虑处理介质的含湿成份，对综合反应的影响因素。还有在处理流程中的蒸发，干燥和半干法综合反应程序，以及构体空间大小的合理性对化学反应效果的影响等。
发明内容
本发明提供一种在垃圾焚烧炉主体炉膛内存在合理烟气流程，从炉体内导出的烟气充分融合于后部优选的烟气处理系统所配套的单元构件，按各自所需的处理流场进行烟气调质处理，让息息相关的环境因子与技术手段相互协调。让生活垃圾通过燃烧处理所体现的传热和传质导向问题，很大程度上解决对自然环境造成再度污染。
一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，包括焚烧炉、多管道烟气冷却器、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器、烟气处理综合吸附塔、引风机、烟气排放组合体；所述的焚烧炉、主多管道烟气冷却器、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器、烟气处理综合吸附塔、引风机、烟气排放组合体依次通过管道连接；
所述的多管道烟气冷却器包括主体，所述的主体由外向内依次包括烟气出口管接、储水室、聚烟室、烟气气进口管；所述的烟气进口管设置在多管道烟气冷却器正中位置，烟气进口管进口管伸出冷却器顶平面；
所述的聚烟室围绕烟气进口管设置且位于主体内；所述的聚烟室由上部的上聚烟室和下部的下聚烟室组成，中部烟气进口管的四周分别设置若干分支导烟管；所述的烟气进口管插入下聚烟室的管口，且底部设置有碰撞钩，作用于分散烟气流动应力；
所述的聚烟室一侧，与分支导烟管并列，设置有烟气出口管接的烟气出口导管，所所述的烟气出口导管伸出主体；所述的下聚烟室最下部正中设置排尘口，外部配密封盖；
所述的主体与烟气出口导管、聚烟室、烟气气进口管之间的其它空间均为储水室；所述的储水室顶端一侧设置有原水进口，底端一内里设置有排水口。
进一步，所述的水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器包括主体，所述的主体外部从上至下分别包括介质出口管接、介质出口管管身向下穿过的储水池、主体箱、主体箱上的高压喷淋管进口管件、主体箱的下部设置的介质进口管接、与主体箱底部对接连通的尘灰水聚斗、尘灰水聚斗底部设置的排水管接及主体箱底部设置的支撑脚；
所述的储水池顶部设置有进水管；
所述的主体内，在储水池底部与主体箱顶部四周预设有一定的间隙作用于界定水膜形成的水膜口；所述的主体箱顶部设置有三圈紊乱钩；
所述的主体箱中部设置有两组介质分流控制件，在分两组介质分流控制件正中位置有上、下介质上行流动口；所述的在上、下介质上行流动口及介质分流控制件底部，设置有紊乱钩；
所述的上、下介质上行流动口正上方设置有高压喷咀；所述的高压喷嘴连接在高压力喷洒管一端，另一端伸出与主体箱设置高压喷淋管进口管件。
进一步，所述的烟气排放组合体包括上部的排送烟室、中部的导烟管、下部的回送烟室和烟气进口导管；
所述的上部排送烟室顶盖呈锥形，由排送烟室锥顶板、排送烟气直围板、排送烟室底板构成；所述的排送烟室锥顶板的正中位置设有烟气出口管接；
所述的下部的回送烟室，由回送烟室顶板、回送烟室直围板、回送烟室底板构成；
回送烟室下部配有清灰口；
所述的烟气进口导管直立部分处于主体中心位置且底部直通下部的回送烟室，横向平行伸出部分设置进口管接；
以所述进口导烟管直立部分为中心，四周均匀分布若干回送烟气的导烟管，烟气从进口烟气导管进入下部的回送烟室，折回分流从回送烟气导管进排送烟室，从烟气出口管接处导出。
本发明选用了由二次供氧焚烧和两燃室组成一体的垃圾焚烧炉主体。烟气处理系统所配套的单元构件组合采用了干湿法混合技术，增加了脱硫除尘的效果。在焚烧炉内烟气二次焚烧的共同作用下，阻止和仰制二噁英的合成，促使烟气达标排放。
附图说明
图1为本发明的连接结构示意图。
图2为本发明多管道烟气冷却器接的结构示意图。
图3为本发明水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器的外部结构示意图。
图4为本发明水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器的剖示图。
图5为本发明烟气排放组合体的的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，包括焚烧炉1、多管道烟气冷却器2、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器3、烟气处理综合吸附塔4、引风机5、烟气排放组合体6；所述的焚烧炉1、主多管道烟气冷却器2、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器3、烟气处理综合吸附塔4、引风机5、 烟气排放组合体6依次通过管道连接。
本发明的焚烧炉1见中国专利号”“201810420511.7”公开的内容，该专利为本申请人于2018年5月4日申请。
本发明所配套的烟气冷却器，主要是将焚烧炉主体从总出口烟导出的高温烟气进行二次降温冷却，以水作为冷却源，高温烟气穿过置于水中的冷却管，实行冷热交换，达到处理介质一次降温冷却的目的，本技术冷却器改变其它由侧面和下部进入介质的广普性设置方法，在构体内部正中设置烟气出口。本发明的多管道烟气冷却器2包括主体，主体由外向内依次包括烟气出口管接2-1、储水室2-2、聚烟室、烟气气进口管2-3；烟气进口管2-3设置在多管道烟气冷却器正中位置，烟气进口管进口管2-3伸出冷却器顶平面；本发明的聚烟室围绕烟气进口管2-3设置且位于主体内；聚烟室由上部的上聚烟室2-4和下部的下聚烟室2-5组成，中部烟气进口管2-3的四周分别设置若干分支导烟管2-6；烟气进口管2-3插入下聚烟室2-5的管口，且底部设置有碰撞钩2-7，作用于分散烟气流动应力；聚烟室一侧，与分支导烟管并列，设置有烟气出口管接2-1的烟气出口导管2-8，烟气出口导管2-8伸出主体，通过置于水中的烟气导管实行冷却交换后的烟气从此处导出，进入下一处理单元。下聚烟室2-5最下部正中设置排尘口2-9，外部配密封盖；主体与烟气出口导管、聚烟室、烟气气进口管之间的其它空间均为储水室2-2；储水室2-2顶端一侧设置有原水进口2-10，底端一内里设置有排水口2-11，实现进水和排水，按保持一定水位线来控制进排水的位置。进排水流动的速度以实行冷热交换后的水温高低来决定。总的来说是以高温烟气通过冷热交换的效果来采取应对措施。为了保持构体的平稳和牢固性，底部四周配有支撑垫脚。
本发明多管道烟气冷却器主体部分由主体外围板2-12、主体顶板2-13和底板2-14构成；聚烟室由上烟池底板2-15、内围板2-16、下烟池底板2-17、顶板2-18、围板2-19、主体顶板2-13构成，主体内除去插入的管件，余下空间注入冷却原水。
本发明水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器3包括主体，主体外部从上至下分别包括介质出口管接3-1、介质出口管管身向下穿过的储水池3-2、主体箱3-3、主体箱上的高压喷淋管进口管件3-4、主体箱的下部设置的介质进口管接3-5、与主体箱底部对接连通的尘灰水聚斗3-6、尘灰水聚斗底部设置的排水管接3-7及主体箱底部设置的支撑脚3-8；主体内，在储水池底部与主体箱顶部四周预设有一定的间隙作用于界定水膜形成的水膜口3-9；主体箱顶部设置有三圈紊乱钩3-10；主体箱中部设置有两组介质分流控制件3-11，在分两组介质分流控制件正中位置有上、下介质上行流动口3-12、3-13；在上、下介质上行流动口3-12、3-13及介质分流控制件3-11底部，设置有紊乱钩3-10；上、下介质上行流动口口3-12、3-13正上方设置有高压喷咀；高压喷嘴连接在高压力喷洒管3-14一端，另一端伸出与主体箱设置高压喷 淋管进口管件。储水池顶部设置有进水管3-15。
本发明所配套的水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器与其它同类方案的构体外形大同小异，但内部构件构思新颖简单。为提高脱硫除尘器的质量和迅速降低烟气中的温度，阻止二噁英合成。烟气主处理室的内部处理流场为混流流动烟气处理流场。为了使其产生一定的压力梯度，增加利用带的粘性系数，在处理室上部的空间正中位置，设置有上下两组高压喷淋组合件，用罗纹钢筋支撑作为悬空设置。由分流控制件顶板，介质分流制件上行流动口。介质与水膜交融口、紊乱钩组成。在室顶出烟口管接底部的四周分布有紊乱钩，这样可控制处理室空间内部流动流场中的速度场、射流速度和主流速度比合理有序。高温烟气由进烟口进入处理室下部后。切向向上分流流动。因出烟口位置处于处理室顶盖的正中位置，与介质分流制件的上行流动口垂直对应。
为烟气分流流动的主流通口，在外力作用下所产生的烟气流动正应力迅速改变成剪切应力，必须配用引射设备引风机，促使处理室内混流处理流场的形成和有效除去烟气中的烟尘及重金属颗粒物。在烟气流动口正中位置设置有高压喷淋管、高压喷咀正对烟气上行流动口。高压喷淋水与呈朿流体流动的烟气接触碰撞，加速混流，增加脱硫效果。还可以将烟气进一步分流从处理室水膜与高压喷淋组合件之间的交融口高速流动，冲击水膜液面产生大量的液滴和水雾。烟气通过射流流动与液滴和水雾融合交换，进一步除去烟气中的烟尘及重金属颗粒物。高压喷淋组合件，所设置的顶板坡面，能使高压喷淋的边缘水在四周下淌，形成水簾，上下两组同时作用。烟气与水簾接触流动，可以起到辅助除尘的作用，在处理室顶和组合件顶板的底部所设置的紊乱钩，可以控制烟气向出烟口流动的速度，增加室内处理烟气的确停留时间。也是室内混流流场形成的重要环节，处理后的含尘水，由下部所设置的聚水斗和出水口用管道连接，排入处理水池，作为循环水利用，处理后烟气由穿过处理室顶部储水池的出口管接。用管道连接下一个处理单元，完成处理器内的处理流程。
本发明的烟气处理综合吸附塔见中国专利号“201820657303.4”公开的内容，该专利为本申请人于2018年5月4日申请。
本发明引风机5采用传导部件冷却型，以免长时间高速运转造成部件失真，影响正常传导，以B型传导方式为烟气系统配伍使用，风机侧开清灰孔，配密封门，底部配排水口管，以利于除去风机内气雾积水，减少腐蚀,延长风机使用寿命，减少维修费用。
在本发明最后端配套了排放组合体，改变了传统的烟气排放流程。创新了烟气采用单通道进入构体，由分布在进烟管四围的多个烟气导管回送至上部的排送烟室，从岀烟口进入排放烟管排放减少组合体内的大气压力，拉长了烟气在构体内的流程。促使了整个烟气处理流程的合理性。
烟气排放组合体6包括上部的排送烟室6-1、中部的导烟管6-2、下部的回送烟室6-3和烟气进口导管6-4；上部排送烟室顶盖呈锥形，由排送烟室锥顶板6-5、排送烟气直围板6-6、排送烟室底板6-7构成；排送烟室锥顶板6-5的正中位置设有烟气出口管接6-8；下部的回送烟室6-3，由回送烟室顶板6-9、回送烟室直围板6-10、回送烟室底板6-11构成；回送烟室下部配有清灰口6-12；烟气进口导管6-4直立部分处于主体中心位置且底部直通下部的回送烟室，横向平行伸出部分设置进口管接，烟气进口导管底部焊接有紊乱钩6-13；以进口导烟管直立部分为中心，四周均匀分布若干回送烟气的导烟管6-2，烟气从进口烟气导管进入下部的回送烟室，折回分流从回送烟气导管进排送烟室，从烟气出口管接处导出。烟气进口导管6-4与引风机5的送风管连接。
本发明技术所配套的焚烧炉主体，设置有一燃室和二燃室，由于二室之间设置有二次进风道。二燃室顶部设置有上旋式流动烟口和环抱式烟道,使得整个构体内烟气流程合理有序,故从二燃室导出的烟气温度较高。为迅速降低烟温阻止二噁英合成，在烟气处理系统依次配套了冷却降温和水膜+高压喷淋脱硫除尘设备，通过温法处理后的烟气中含湿量高，为了干燥烟气和进一步除去烟气中的酸性气体和二噁英等有机物及镉、铅、平均直径仅为40-80微米的重金属颗粒物。在温法处理后的基础上，配套了烟气综合吸附塔，烟气中的污染物在处理室内，通过与反应材料中合反应，沉降并通过塔内所设的活性炭吸附后。配套了引射设备引风机向烟气排放系统以分支折流的方式，通过烟气排放管排放。
本发明能使垃圾焚烧后所产生的浮升流动的烟气量小，膛内呈现的烟气流程合理有序。烟气通过多单元效应处理，能有效除去烟气中的酸性气体和二噁英有机物和重金属颗粒物。本发明尽管上文对本发明的具体实施方式给予了详细描述和说明，但是应该指明的是，我们可以依据本发明的构想对上述实施方式进行各种等效改变和修改，其所产生的功能作用仍未超出说明书所涵盖的精神时，均应在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，其特征在于，包括焚烧炉、多管道烟气冷却器、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器、烟气处理综合吸附塔、引风机、烟气排放组合体；所述的焚烧炉、主多管道烟气冷却器、水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器、烟气处理综合吸附塔、引风机、烟气排放组合体依次通过管道连接；
    所述的多管道烟气冷却器包括主体，所述的主体由外向内依次包括烟气出口管接、储水室、聚烟室、烟气气进口管；所述的烟气进口管设置在多管道烟气冷却器正中位置，烟气进口管进口管伸出冷却器顶平面；
    所述的聚烟室围绕烟气进口管设置且位于主体内；所述的聚烟室由上部的上聚烟室和下部的下聚烟室组成，中部烟气进口管的四周分别设置若干分支导烟管；所述的烟气进口管插入下聚烟室的管口，且底部设置有碰撞钩，作用于分散烟气流动应力；
    所述的聚烟室一侧，与分支导烟管并列，设置有烟气出口管接的烟气出口导管，所所述的烟气出口导管伸出主体；所述的下聚烟室最下部正中设置排尘口，外部配密封盖；
    所述的主体与烟气出口导管、聚烟室、烟气气进口管之间的其它空间均为储水室；所述的储水室顶端一侧设置有原水进口，底端一内里设置有排水口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，其特征在于，所述的水膜加高压喷淋合成除尘器包括主体，所述的主体外部从上至下分别包括介质出口管接、介质出口管管身向下穿过的储水池、主体箱、主体箱上的高压喷淋管进口管件、主体箱的下部设置的介质进口管接、与主体箱底部对接连通的尘灰水聚斗、尘灰水聚斗底部设置的排水管接及主体箱底部设置的支撑脚；
    所述的储水池顶部设置有进水管；
    所述的主体内，在储水池底部与主体箱顶部四周预设有一定的间隙作用于界定水膜形成的水膜口；所述的主体箱顶部设置有三圈紊乱钩；
    所述的主体箱中部设置有两组介质分流控制件，在分两组介质分流控制件正中位置有上、下介质上行流动口；所述的在上、下介质上行流动口及介质分流控制件底部，设置有紊乱钩；
    所述的上、下介质上行流动口正上方设置有高压喷咀；所述的高压喷嘴连接在高压力喷洒管一端，另一端伸出与主体箱设置高压喷淋管进口管件。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置，其特征在于，所述的烟气排放组合体包括上部的排送烟室、中部的导烟管、下部的回送烟室和烟气进口导管；
    所述的上部排送烟室顶盖呈锥形，由排送烟室锥顶板、排送烟气直围板、排送烟室底板构成；所述的排送烟室锥顶板的正中位置设有烟气出口管接；
    所述的下部的回送烟室，由回送烟室顶板、回送烟室直围板、回送烟室底板构成； 回送烟室下部配有清灰口；
    所述的烟气进口导管直立部分处于主体中心位置且底部直通下部的回送烟室，横向平行伸出部分设置进口管接；
    以所述进口导烟管直立部分为中心，四周均匀分布若干回送烟气的导烟管，烟气从进口烟气导管进入下部的回送烟室，折回分流从回送烟气导管进排送烟室，从烟气出口管接处导出。
PCT/CN2019/122669 2019-04-30 2019-12-03 一种生活垃圾焚烧处理配套装置 WO2020220675A1 (zh)

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