WO2020215478A1 - 综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法 - Google Patents

综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2020215478A1
WO2020215478A1 PCT/CN2019/092924 CN2019092924W WO2020215478A1 WO 2020215478 A1 WO2020215478 A1 WO 2020215478A1 CN 2019092924 W CN2019092924 W CN 2019092924W WO 2020215478 A1 WO2020215478 A1 WO 2020215478A1
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dust
shearer
air
coal
spray
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PCT/CN2019/092924
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
聂文
修子豪
陈大伟
蔡鹏�
彭慧天
闫嘉祎
刘强
杨波
杜涛
杨士博
张海涵
刘华君
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山东科技大学
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Priority to US16/966,295 priority Critical patent/US11028693B2/en
Publication of WO2020215478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020215478A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
    • E21F5/04—Spraying barriers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
    • E21C27/02—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam solely by slitting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/22—Equipment for preventing the formation of, or for removal of, dust
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
    • E21F5/20—Drawing-off or depositing dust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mine dust removal, in particular to a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection type dust-removing wind and mist curtain device and method.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection control dust removal wind and mist curtain device and method, which can control the dust from the source of the flour dust generated by the fully mechanized mining work, focusing on the cutting of the working face shearer And the two major processes of moving the rack, the dust control technology and method are used to effectively control the working flour dust.
  • the device and method are simple and effective, and have obvious dust control effects and wide applications.
  • One of the tasks of the present invention is to provide a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection control dust removal wind and mist curtain device, which adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a fully mechanized coal mining face suction-induced convection type dust-removing wind and mist curtain device which includes a suction-type dust-cleaning fan, a fan-shaped deflector, a spray device outside the shearer, and a spray device between hydraulic supports.
  • dust-cleaning fans There are two types of dust-cleaning fans, which are respectively located near the rocker arm of the shearer, and the two are symmetrically arranged; the extracting-type dust-cleaning fans are all provided with a suction port and an air outlet, and the suction port Both face the front and rear drums of the shearer, and the air outlet is connected to the fan-shaped deflector;
  • the external spraying device of the shearer is installed on both sides of the machine body of the shearer near the rocker arm, sprays on the front and rear drums at a certain angle to form a fog screen, and cuts the front and rear drums of the shearer Part of the dust generated at the time is atomized to reduce dust;
  • the spraying device between the hydraulic support frames is installed at the two hydraulic supports before the moving frame and the two hydraulic supports on the downwind side of the front drum of the shearer, at a certain angle to the coal wall
  • the directional spray forms a fog screen in the airway space, and is used to block part of the dust from polluting the upwind and downwind sides.
  • Another task of the present invention is to provide a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection control dust removal method, which adopts the following steps:
  • the fan-shaped flow hood connected to the air outlet expands the original columnar air flow to the roof and floor of the roadway in the vertical space through the fan-shaped flow hood to form a fan-shaped air curtain with a gradually increasing fan area, which does not capture the settlement of the spray. Dust is blocked, and a substantially closed full-section dust-cleaning air chamber is formed in the working area of the shearer operator. A large amount of high-concentration dust blocked by the air-mist curtain and the droplets generated by the spray are induced into the goaf by the air flow. In the process of spreading to the downwind side, it is continuously combined with the droplets to settle, thereby preventing the dust in the goaf from returning to the working surface with the wind flow again.
  • the present invention provides a new type of suction-induced convection type dust-removing wind and mist curtain device and method for fully mechanized mining face, through dust suction purification, convection wind curtain dust blocking, induced dust to enter the goaf area and spray dust reduction phase
  • the combined method performs spray dust reduction, suction removal-induced dust reduction on the working area of the coal mining machine driver at a fully mechanized coal mining face.
  • a series of measures taken during the entire dust control and removal process are safe and reliable. High-concentration dust can be effectively controlled to create a clean and safe production environment.
  • Fig. 1 (1a)(1b)(1c) is a schematic front view of the present invention demonstrating the dust reduction effect before and after the implementation of the new suction-induced convection control dust removal wind and mist curtain device and method for a fully mechanized mining face.
  • Figure 2 (2a) (2b) (2c) is a schematic rear view of the present invention demonstrating the dust reduction effect before and after the implementation of the new suction and induced convection control wind and mist screen device and method for fully mechanized mining face.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic left view of the new suction-induced convection type dust-removing wind and fog screen device of the present invention for fully mechanized mining face after implementation.
  • the present invention proposes a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection type dust removal wind and mist curtain device and method.
  • the present invention is a fully mechanized mining face suction-induced convection type dust-removing wind and mist curtain device, including hydraulic support spraying device 2, drum 4, extracting dust-cleaning fan 6, coal mining machine 7.
  • the method mainly includes a combination of dust suction 5 purification, convection air curtain 9 dust prevention, induction of dust particles 13 into the goaf 14 and spray dust reduction.
  • the shearer 7 and hydraulic supports are installed with corresponding devices to achieve the Effective control of dust production in the two processes of coal cutting and frame transfer.
  • the convection-controlled dust-removing air curtain 9 is formed by the joint action of two extractable dust-cleaning fans 6 and the fan-shaped guide cover 16.
  • the air curtain 9 dust prevention method is mainly installed in the shearer 7 body near the rocker arm. Withdrawable dust-cleaning fan 6, the suction port is directly opposite to the front and rear drums 4 of the shearer 7, and the fan-shaped guide cover 16 is connected to the outlet. When it is opened, the suction port absorbs part of the dust generated by the shearer drum 4 during cutting.
  • a fan-shaped air curtain 9 is formed at the air outlet and a full-section dust-cleaning air chamber is basically formed at the shearer driver 8 to prevent dust from entering the driver’s work area as much as possible.
  • the integrated dust control device on the entire shearer 7 follows the shearer Start and stop at the same time.
  • the outer spraying device 10 of the shearer is installed on both sides of the machine body of the shearer 7 near the rocker arms, spraying at a certain angle on the front and rear drums 4 and forming a fog screen, which cuts part of the dust generated when the front and rear drums 4 of the shearer are cut.
  • Carry out atomization and dust reduction; the spraying device 2 between the hydraulic support frames is installed at the two hydraulic supports 15 in front of the moving frame and the two hydraulic supports on the downwind side of the front drum of the shearer, spraying in the direction of the coal wall at a certain angle in the tunnel space
  • a fog screen is formed to block the spread of pollution on the upwind and downwind sides of some dust.
  • the air curtain 9 formed by the extractive dust-cleaning fan 6 combines with the droplets produced by the spray to form an air mist curtain. While blocking the dust, it also induces the dust particles 13 and the droplets 12 into the goaf 14. Some of the dust particles 13 are in the goaf.
  • the area 14 is continuously wrapped by droplets 12 during the downwind side diffusion process, and the formation of dust-mist coupling particles 11 accelerates the settlement of dust during the diffusion process in the goaf.
  • the new suction-induced convection control dust removal method for fully mechanized mining face is to open the spray 1 between the hydraulic support frame and the spray 3 outside the shearer to form a fog screen at the corresponding position to wrap the large amount of dust generated in the process of moving the frame and cutting coal. , So that part of the dust particles 13 combine with the droplets 12 to settle, which greatly reduces the pollution diffusion of dust to the sidewalk.
  • the extractable dust-cleaning fan 6 is turned on to rotate part of the high-concentration dust produced by the coal shearer 7 through the impeller. The generated negative pressure is sucked into the fan and removed by centrifugation. The momentum of the air pushed by the blades increases. A high-speed wind flow field is formed at the air outlet.
  • the fan-shaped deflector 16 is connected at the air outlet, and the original cylindrical air flow is passed through the fan-shaped deflector in the vertical space.
  • the inside is expanded to the roof and floor of the roadway to form a fan-shaped air curtain 9 with a gradually increasing area.
  • the spray 3 outside the shearer and the spray 1 between the hydraulic support frames do not capture the settled dust for further blocking.
  • the flow air curtain 9 forms a basically closed full-section dust-cleaning air chamber in the working area of the shearer driver, which effectively reduces the threat of high concentrations of dust to the physical and mental health of the shearer driver 8.
  • the large amount of dust blocked by the air curtain 9 is While the pollution on the leeward side diffuses, the spray 1 between the dust particles 13 and the hydraulic support frame and the mist 12 produced by the spray 3 outside the coal shearer are induced into the goaf 14, so that the dust is constantly being diffused in the goaf.
  • the mist 12 wraps up, speeds up the dust settling, and prevents the goaf 14 dust from flowing back to the working surface again with the wind flow.
  • the series of measures adopted in the entire dust control and removal process of the present invention are safe and reliable.
  • the dust generated in the coal mining process of the fully mechanized coal mining face, especially the high-concentration dust in the working area of the shearer driver, can be effectively controlled, creating cleanliness for the operators , Safe production environment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Fouling (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)

Abstract

公开了一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法。该装置包括抽出式净尘风机（6）、扇形导流罩（16）、采煤机外喷雾装置（10）及液压支架架间喷雾装置（2），采煤机外喷雾装置和液压支架架间喷雾装置分别安装在靠近采煤机摇臂的机身两侧以及移架前两个液压支架（15）处与采煤机前滚筒（4）下风侧两个液压支架处，并呈一定角度喷射形成相应的雾幕，对移架及割煤所产生的大量粉尘进行雾化降尘。该方法包括同时开启对称安装在靠近采煤机机身摇臂处的两台抽出式净尘风机，其吸风口分别正对采煤机前后滚筒，出风口处连接扇形导流罩。该装置和方法改善了综采工作面工作人员的作业环境，保障了煤矿的安全生产。

Description

综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿除尘技术领域，具体涉及一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法。
背景技术
煤炭一直是我国最大的能源支撑，在全国已探明的石化能源储量中，石油和天然气仅占6％，其余94％均为煤炭，煤炭行业为国民经济长期快速发展做出了突出贡献。随着综合机械化水平的不断提高，产尘量大的问题也日益严峻，根据测量数据，在不开启降尘设备的情况下，综采工作面各工序同时作业时产生的粉尘可超过4000mg/m 3，远远超过了国家标准，对煤矿的安全生产以及作业工人的身体健康造成了严重的威胁。
针对当前所面临的问题，各国学者、专家也进行了深入的研究，虽然现阶段的煤层注水、喷雾降尘等措施的实施在一定程度上起到了降尘作用，但如今随着机械化程度不断提高，产尘量也在不断增加，使得现有的控除尘措施的降尘效果并不明显，尤其是从事采煤机工作者作业区域内的粉尘控制效果不佳，严重危害采煤区工作者的身心健康和矿井的安全生产。因此，当下设计出更为完善合理的综采工作面控除尘装置及综合控除尘方法显得尤为重要。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
本发明的目的在于提供一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法，从综采工作面粉尘产生的源头对粉尘加以控制，重点针对工作面采煤机截割及移架两大工序，采用控除尘技术与方法对工作面粉尘进行有效控制，该装置及方法简便有效，对粉尘的控制效果明显、应用广泛。
本发明的任务之一在于提供一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装 置，其采用了如下技术方案：
一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置，其包括抽出式净尘风机、扇形导流罩、采煤机外喷雾装置及液压支架架间喷雾装置，所述的抽出式净尘风机设置有两台，其分别位于采煤机机身靠近摇臂处，且二者对称设置；所述的抽出式净尘风机均设置有吸风口和出风口，所述的吸风口均正对所述采煤机的前后滚筒，所述的出风口连接所述的扇形导流罩；
所述的采煤机外喷雾装置安装在所述采煤机的机身两侧靠近摇臂处，呈一定角度喷射在所述的前后滚筒并形成雾幕，并对采煤机前后滚筒截割时所产生的部分粉尘进行雾化降尘；所述的液压支架架间喷雾装置安装在移架前两个液压支架处与采煤机前滚筒下风侧两个液压支架处，呈一定角度向煤壁方向喷射在机道空间内形成雾幕，并用于阻隔部分粉尘向上风侧与下风侧发生污染扩散。
本发明的另一任务在于提供一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘方法，其采用了以下步骤：
S1、开启液压支架架间喷雾装置与采煤机外喷雾装置在对应位置形成雾幕对移架、割煤过程中产生的大量粉尘进行包裹，使得部分粉尘与雾滴结合发生沉降，同时开启抽出式净尘风机将采煤机割煤产生的部分高浓度粉尘通过叶轮旋转产生的负压吸入所述的抽出式净尘风机内离心去除，空气受叶片推挤动量增加，出风口处形成高速风流场；
S2、与出风口处连接的扇形导流罩，将原始的柱状风流通过扇形导流罩在垂直空间内分别向巷道顶板、底板扩大形成扇形面积逐渐增大的风幕，对喷雾没有捕捉沉降的粉尘进行阻隔，在采煤机操作者的作业区域形成基本封闭全断面的净尘风室，被风雾幕阻隔的大量高浓度粉尘以及喷雾所产生的雾滴经风流诱导进入采空区，粉尘在向下风侧扩散的过程中不断与雾滴结合发生沉降，从而阻止采空区内的粉尘再次随风流回流至工作面。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明带来了以下有益技术效果：
(1)本发明提供的一种综采工作面新型吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及 方法，通过吸尘净化、对流风幕阻尘、诱导粉尘进入采空区及喷雾降尘相结合的方法对综采工作面采煤机司机作业区域进行喷雾降尘、吸除-诱导降尘，整个控除尘过程中所采取的一系列措施安全可靠，综采工作面煤炭开采作业过程司机作业区域的高浓度粉尘可以得到有效的控制，营造清洁、安全的生产环境。
(2)对改善综采工作面工作人员的作业环境，保障煤矿的安全生产具有重要的现实意义。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明：
图1中(1a)(1b)(1c)是本发明中演示综采工作面新型吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法实施前后的降尘效果示意图正视图。
图2中(2a)(2b)(2c)是本发明中演示综采工作面新型吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法实施前后的降尘效果示意图后视图。
图3是本发明的综采工作面新型吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置实施后的示意图左视图。
图中：
1-液压支架架间喷雾，2-液压支架喷雾装置，3-采煤机外喷雾，4-滚筒，5-吸尘，6-抽出式净尘风机，7-采煤机，8-司机处，9-风幕，10-采煤机外喷雾装置，11-尘雾耦合颗粒，12-雾滴，13-粉尘颗粒，14-采空区，15-液压支架，16-扇形导流罩，1a-1c是实施前后降尘效果的比正视图，2a-2c是实施前后降尘效果对比后视图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
本发明提出了一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置及方法，为了使本发明的优点、技术方案更加清楚、明确，下面结合具体实施例对本发明做详细说明。
结合图1至图3所示，本发明一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置，包括液压支架喷雾装置2、滚筒4、抽出式净尘风机6、采煤机7、采煤机外 喷雾装置10、液压支架15及扇形导流罩16。其方法主要包括吸尘5净化、对流风幕9阻尘、诱导粉尘颗粒13进入采空区14及喷雾降尘相结合的方法，通过在采煤机7和液压支架上安装相应的装置，实现对割煤和移架两工序产尘的有效控制。
对流式控除尘风幕9由两台抽出式净尘风机6和扇形导流罩16共同作用形成，其中风幕9阻尘方法主要在采煤机7机身靠近摇臂处安装对称的两台抽出式净尘风机6，吸风口分别正对采煤机7前后滚筒4，出风口处连接扇形导流罩16，开启时，吸风口吸除采煤机滚筒4截割时产生的部分粉尘，出风口处形成扇形风幕9在采煤机司机处8基本形成阻隔全断面的净尘风室，尽可能阻止粉尘进入司机工作区，整个采煤机7上的综合控尘装置随采煤机同时启停。
采煤机外喷雾装置10安装在采煤机7机身两侧靠近摇臂处，呈一定角度喷射在前后滚筒4并形成雾幕，对采煤机前后滚筒4截割时所产生的部分粉尘进行雾化降尘；液压支架架间喷雾装置2安装在移架前两个液压支架15处与采煤机前滚筒下风侧两个液压支架处，呈一定角度向煤壁方向喷射在机道空间内形成雾幕，阻隔部分粉尘向上风侧与下风侧发生污染扩散。抽出式净尘风机6形成的风幕9与喷雾产生的雾滴结合形成风雾幕在阻隔粉尘的同时还将粉尘颗粒13与雾滴12诱导进入采空区14，部分粉尘颗粒13在采空区14内向下风侧扩散过程中不断被雾滴12包裹，尘雾耦合颗粒11的形成加快了粉尘在采空区内扩散过程中的沉降。
综采工作面新型吸除-诱导对流式控除尘方法是通过开启液压支架架间喷雾1与采煤机外喷雾3在对应位置形成雾幕对移架、割煤过程中产生的大量粉尘进行包裹，使得部分粉尘颗粒13与雾滴12结合发生沉降，大幅度的减小粉尘向人行道的污染扩散，同时开启抽出式净尘风机6将采煤机7割煤产生的部分高浓度粉尘通过叶轮旋转产生的负压吸入风机内离心去除，空气受叶片推挤动量增加，出风口处形成高速风流场，在出风口处连接扇形导流罩16，将原始的柱状风流通过扇形导流罩在垂直空间内分别向巷道顶板、底板扩大形成扇形面积逐渐增大的风幕9，对采煤机外喷雾3以及液压支架架间喷雾1没有捕捉沉降到的粉尘进行进一步的阻隔，风机6所产生的对流风幕9在采煤机司机作业区域形成基本封闭全断面的净尘风室，有效的降低了高浓度粉尘对采煤机司机8身心健康的威胁， 而被风幕9阻隔的大量粉尘在向下风侧污染扩散的同时还将粉尘颗粒13与液压支架架间喷雾1和采煤机外喷雾3所产生的雾滴12诱导进入采空区14，使得粉尘在采空区内扩散过程中不断被雾滴12包裹，加快了粉尘的沉降，阻止了采空区14粉尘再次随风流回流至工作面。
本发明整个控除尘过程中所采取的一系列措施安全可靠，综采工作面煤炭开采过程中产生的粉尘尤其是采煤机司机作业区域的高浓度粉尘可以得到有效的控制，给作业人员营造清洁、安全的生产环境。
本发明未述及的部分借鉴现有技术即可实现。
需要说明的是：在本说明书的教导下本领域技术人员所做出的任何等同方式，或明显变型方式均应在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置，其包括抽出式净尘风机、扇形导流罩、采煤机外喷雾装置及液压支架架间喷雾装置，其特征在于：
    所述的抽出式净尘风机设置有两台，其分别位于采煤机机身靠近摇臂处，且二者对称设置；所述的抽出式净尘风机均设置有吸风口和出风口，所述的吸风口均正对所述采煤机的前后滚筒，所述的出风口连接所述的扇形导流罩；
    所述的采煤机外喷雾装置安装在所述采煤机的机身两侧靠近摇臂处，呈一定角度喷射在所述的前后滚筒并形成雾幕，并对采煤机前后滚筒截割时所产生的部分粉尘进行雾化降尘；所述的液压支架架间喷雾装置安装在移架前两个液压支架处与采煤机前滚筒下风侧两个液压支架处，呈一定角度向煤壁方向喷射在机道空间内形成雾幕，并用于阻隔部分粉尘向上风侧与下风侧发生污染扩散。
  2. 一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘方法，其特征在于，其采用权利要求1所述的一种综采工作面吸除-诱导对流式控除尘风雾幕装置，所述除尘方法依次包括以下步骤：
    S1、开启液压支架架间喷雾装置与采煤机外喷雾装置在对应位置形成雾幕对移架、割煤过程中产生的大量粉尘进行包裹，使得部分粉尘与雾滴结合发生沉降，同时开启抽出式净尘风机将采煤机割煤产生的部分高浓度粉尘通过叶轮旋转产生的负压吸入所述的抽出式净尘风机内离心去除，空气受叶片推挤动量增加，出风口处形成高速风流场；
    S2、与出风口处连接的扇形导流罩，将原始的柱状风流通过扇形导流罩在垂直空间内分别向巷道顶板、底板扩大形成扇形面积逐渐增大的风幕，对喷雾没有捕捉沉降的粉尘进行阻隔，在采煤机操作者的作业区域形成基本封闭全断面的净尘风室，被风雾幕阻 隔的大量高浓度粉尘以及喷雾所产生的雾滴经风流诱导进入采空区，粉尘在向下风侧扩散的过程中不断与雾滴结合发生沉降，从而阻止采空区内的粉尘再次随风流回流至工作面。
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