WO2020199432A1 - 一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机 - Google Patents

一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020199432A1
WO2020199432A1 PCT/CN2019/097951 CN2019097951W WO2020199432A1 WO 2020199432 A1 WO2020199432 A1 WO 2020199432A1 CN 2019097951 W CN2019097951 W CN 2019097951W WO 2020199432 A1 WO2020199432 A1 WO 2020199432A1
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Prior art keywords
noise reduction
channel
acoustic channel
feedback
reduction filter
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PCT/CN2019/097951
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王若蕙
于锴
王凯
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Priority to US17/442,226 priority Critical patent/US12014718B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1785—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices
    • G10K11/17853—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter
    • G10K11/17854—Methods, e.g. algorithms; Devices of the filter the filter being an adaptive filter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1783—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase handling or detecting of non-standard events or conditions, e.g. changing operating modes under specific operating conditions
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17813—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms
    • G10K11/17817—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the acoustic paths, e.g. estimating, calibrating or testing of transfer functions or cross-terms between the output signals and the error signals, i.e. secondary path
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
    • G10K11/17825—Error signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1787—General system configurations
    • G10K11/17875—General system configurations using an error signal without a reference signal, e.g. pure feedback
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
    • H04R3/02—Circuits for transducers for preventing acoustic reaction, i.e. acoustic oscillatory feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/108—Communication systems, e.g. where useful sound is kept and noise is cancelled
    • G10K2210/1081—Earphones, e.g. for telephones, ear protectors or headsets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/10—Applications
    • G10K2210/112—Ducts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3026—Feedback
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3028—Filtering, e.g. Kalman filters or special analogue or digital filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/50—Miscellaneous
    • G10K2210/507—Flow or turbulence
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1041—Mechanical or electronic switches, or control elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1083—Reduction of ambient noise
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/10—Details of earpieces, attachments therefor, earphones or monophonic headphones covered by H04R1/10 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/01—Hearing devices using active noise cancellation

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of noise reduction technology, and in particular to a feedback noise reduction method, system and earphones.
  • Active noise control technology mainly uses the interference principle of sound waves to cancel the original environmental noise signal through a noise reduction signal that is equivalent to the environmental noise signal.
  • the microphone is responsible for collecting noise signals and horn signals, and passing them to the noise reduction filter.
  • the noise reduction filter filters the sound signals collected by the microphone to produce a noise reduction equivalent to the noise signal.
  • the noise signal is played through the speaker, which can cancel the noise signal. Therefore, the feedback noise reduction system can effectively reduce the influence of noise, thereby improving the listening effect.
  • the feedback noise reduction system is susceptible to external interference and self-excited oscillation, which causes the horn in the feedback noise reduction system to emit abnormal sounds such as howling or periodic oscillation, which affects the listening effect.
  • Various aspects of the present application provide a feedback noise reduction method, system and earphones, which are used to improve the stability of the feedback noise reduction system, effectively resist external interference, and thereby ensure the listening effect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a feedback noise reduction method, including:
  • the frequency response of the second noise reduction filter in the preset frequency band is lower than that of the first noise reduction filter.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a feedback noise reduction system, including a controller, a first noise reduction filter, a second noise reduction filter, and a speaker; the controller is used to detect the gap between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system The channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel; when it is determined that the acoustic channel is in a disturbed state according to the channel morphological parameters, switch the noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter Noise reduction filter; and a noise reduction signal is generated by the second noise reduction filter to cancel the noise signal entering the feedback noise reduction system;
  • the frequency response of the second noise reduction filter in the preset frequency band is lower than that of the first noise reduction filter.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a headset including the aforementioned feedback noise reduction system.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, which when the computer instructions are executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to execute the aforementioned feedback noise reduction method.
  • the noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system is switched from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter, and the second noise reduction filter is better than the first noise reduction filter Resist the external interference received by the acoustic channel.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system can be adaptively switched to the second noise reduction filter that can better resist external interference , So as to improve the stability of the feedback noise reduction system when receiving external interference, and then optimize the user's listening effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a feedback noise reduction method provided by an embodiment of this application
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the amplitude-frequency response of the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the phase-frequency response comparison of the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feedback noise reduction system provided by another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a headset provided by another embodiment of this application.
  • the feedback noise reduction system when the feedback noise reduction system is interfered by the outside world, it may affect the user's listening effect.
  • it in some embodiments of the present application: by detecting the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system, it can be determined whether the acoustic channel is in an interfered state; When the acoustic channel is disturbed, switch the noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter. The second noise reduction filter is compared with the first noise reduction filter , Can better resist the external interference received by the acoustic channel.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system can be adaptively switched to the second noise reduction filter that can better resist external interference , So as to improve the stability of the feedback noise reduction system when receiving external interference, and then optimize the user's listening effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a feedback noise reduction method provided by an embodiment of the application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes:
  • the feedback noise reduction method provided in this embodiment can be applied to a feedback noise reduction system to resist the influence of external interference on the feedback noise reduction system.
  • the application scenarios of the feedback noise reduction system are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the feedback noise reduction system can be applied to the earphone noise reduction scene or the car noise reduction scene. Of course, it can also be applied to other application scenarios that require feedback noise reduction. This embodiment does not limit this.
  • external interference includes, but is not limited to, external force operations such as pressing and pinching of the application scene where the feedback noise reduction system is located, or pressure changes in the environment where the application scene is located.
  • the external interference may be a user's pressing operation on the headset earmuffs.
  • the acoustic channel by detecting the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the loudspeaker in the feedback noise reduction system, it can be determined whether the acoustic channel is in a disturbed state.
  • the acoustic channel between the microphone and the loudspeaker may change in shape, which causes the channel transfer function of the acoustic channel to change, which in turn causes the gain of the feedback loop corresponding to the feedback noise reduction system to easily increase. High to close to 0dB or even higher than 0dB, and this will cause the feedback loop to self-oscillate, resulting in high-frequency howling or low-frequency resonance, causing the speakers of the feedback noise reduction system to emit harsh screams or periodic vibrations.
  • the feedback loop refers to the closed loop composed of the microphone, noise reduction filter and speaker in the feedback system.
  • the external interference of the feedback noise reduction system is discovered in time.
  • the channel morphological parameters of other acoustic channels in the feedback noise reduction system can also be detected, and the channel morphological changes of other acoustic channels are used as the basis for judging whether the feedback noise reduction system is subject to external interference. Not limited.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system can be switched from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter Noise reduction filter. Accordingly, when the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system is in a disturbed state, the second noise reduction filter can be used to generate a noise reduction signal to cancel the noise signal entering the feedback noise reduction system.
  • a first noise reduction filter and a second noise reduction filter may be provided in the feedback noise reduction system.
  • the first noise reduction filter is a noise reduction filter designed to achieve the best noise reduction effect of the feedback noise reduction system. Based on the frequency response of the first noise reduction filter, the feedback noise reduction system can be undisturbed The best noise reduction effect is achieved in the state.
  • the second noise reduction filter has a lower frequency response at the preset frequency. This may cause the noise reduction effect of the second noise reduction filter to be lower than that of the first noise reduction filter, but it makes The second noise reduction filter is more suitable for situations where the feedback noise reduction system is subject to external interference.
  • the channel transfer function of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system can be adjusted and adjusted. Changes to improve the gain increase of the feedback loop and avoid self-oscillation of the feedback noise reduction system.
  • the preset frequency band may include a frequency band lower than the first preset frequency and/or a frequency band higher than the second preset frequency; the second preset frequency is greater than the first preset frequency. That is, the second noise reduction filter can be configured with a lower frequency response in the preset low frequency band and/or the preset high frequency band.
  • the frequency response may include an amplitude frequency response and/or a phase frequency response.
  • FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of the comparison of the amplitude-frequency response of the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of the phase-frequency response comparison of the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • curve a represents the frequency response of the first noise reduction filter; the first preset frequency can be 200HZ, the second preset frequency can be 1000HZ, and the second noise reduction filter is in a frequency band less than 200HZ , Both the amplitude-frequency response and the phase-frequency response are lower than the first noise reduction filter, and the second noise reduction filter is in a segment greater than 1000HZ, and the amplitude-frequency response is lower than the first noise reduction filter.
  • the frequency responses shown in Figs. 2a and 2b are all exemplary, and this embodiment is not limited.
  • a double-throw switch can be added to the feedback noise reduction system, and by controlling the double-throw switch, the switching between the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter in the feedback noise reduction system can be realized.
  • the noise reduction filter used is switched from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter. Compared with the first noise reduction filter, the second noise reduction filter can better resist the external interference received by the acoustic channel .
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system can be adaptively switched to the second noise reduction filter that can better resist external interference , So as to improve the stability of the feedback noise reduction system when receiving external interference, and then optimize the user's listening effect.
  • the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel can be continuously detected; When it is determined that the acoustic channel is in an undisturbed state based on the continuously detected channel morphological parameters, switch the noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system from the second noise reduction filter back to the first noise reduction filter; use the first noise reduction filter The noise filter generates a noise reduction signal to cancel the noise signal entering the feedback noise reduction system.
  • the undisturbed state of the acoustic channel can be found, so that the acoustic channel can be in the undisturbed state.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system is restored to the first noise reduction filter in time, so that the first noise reduction filter is used to generate a noise reduction signal, thereby obtaining a better noise reduction effect.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system can be changed from the first The noise reduction filter is switched to the operation of the second noise reduction filter.
  • the above operation can also be performed after the acoustic channel enters the interfered state for a period of time, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the noise reduction filter used in the feedback noise reduction system is switched from the second noise reduction filter back to the second noise reduction filter.
  • the operation of a noise reduction filter can also be performed after the acoustic channel enters an undisturbed state for a period of time, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system is squeezed according to the channel morphological parameters; in the case of determining that the acoustic channel is squeezed, the acoustic channel is determined In the disturbed state; in the case of determining that the acoustic channel is not squeezed, it is determined that the acoustic channel is in an undisturbed state.
  • the channel morphological parameter corresponding to the acoustic channel can be used as the reference parameter.
  • the acoustic channel can be determined to be squeezed, and when the channel morphological parameter is detected to match the reference parameter, it can be determined The acoustic channel is not squeezed.
  • the process of determining whether the acoustic channel is squeezed can be an intermittent or continuous process, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • a sensor can be used to detect and feedback the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the noise reduction system.
  • the sensor can be fitted in the acoustic channel.
  • the sensor may be an airflow measurement sensor or a deformation sensor, etc.
  • the type of the sensor is not limited in this embodiment. The following will take an airflow measurement sensor as an example to describe in detail the process of judging whether the acoustic channel is squeezed according to the channel morphological parameters.
  • the airflow measurement sensor is used to detect the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel, and the detected channel morphological parameters include but are not limited to gas flow rate and gas flow direction.
  • sound venting devices such as sound venting holes and sound venting pipes can be added to the acoustic channel, and the airflow measurement sensor is arranged at the gas inlet and outlet of the sound venting device.
  • this embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the airflow measurement sensor can detect the airflow. Accordingly, in this embodiment, when it is detected that the gas flow direction in the channel morphological parameter is from the inside to the outside of the acoustic channel, and the gas flow rate gradually increases to greater than the first preset threshold, it can be determined that the acoustic channel is squeezed .
  • the first preset threshold can be flexibly set, for example, it can be set to zero. Of course, the embodiment is not limited to this.
  • the acoustic channel after detecting that the acoustic channel is being squeezed, continue to detect the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel, and the acoustic channel is squeezed from the beginning to being squeezed to the limit, and then to be squeezed.
  • the deformation process that is loose but not restored to the unsqueezed form is determined to be the disturbed state of the acoustic channel.
  • different deformation nodes correspond to different channel shape parameters.
  • the previous article has introduced the channel shape parameters corresponding to the deformation node that is squeezed to the limit.
  • the channel shape parameter of the deformation node that is squeezed to the limit can be that the gas flow rate reaches zero, and the deformation node that is loosened corresponds to
  • the channel morphology parameter of can be the gas flow direction from the outside to the inside of the acoustic channel.
  • the gas flow direction in the channel morphological parameters can be detected as flowing from the outside to the inside of the acoustic channel, and the gas flow rate gradually changes If it is smaller than the second preset threshold, it is determined that the acoustic channel is not squeezed.
  • the second preset threshold can also be flexibly set, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the switching between the disturbed state and the undisturbed state of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker can be accurately monitored.
  • switching the situation adaptively switch the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter in the feedback noise reduction system. Therefore, when the feedback noise reduction system is subject to external interference, it can resist the influence of external interference on the feedback noise reduction system, and when the feedback noise reduction system is not subject to external interference, the best noise reduction effect can be obtained.
  • the user's listening effect is optimized.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a feedback noise reduction system provided by another embodiment of the application.
  • the feedback noise reduction system includes: a controller 30, a first noise reduction filter 31, a second noise reduction filter 32, a microphone 33 and a speaker 34.
  • the controller 30 is used to detect the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone 33 and the loudspeaker 34; when the acoustic channel is determined to be in an interfered state according to the channel morphological parameters, the noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system is reduced from the first
  • the noise filter 31 is switched to the second noise reduction filter 32; and the second noise reduction filter 32 generates a noise reduction signal to cancel the noise signal entering the feedback noise reduction system; wherein, the second noise reduction filter 32 It is assumed that the frequency response of the frequency band is lower than the first noise reduction filter 31.
  • a double-throw switch 35 can be added to the feedback noise reduction system, and the controller 30 can realize the first noise reduction filter 31 and the second noise reduction filter 32 by controlling the double throw switch 35 Switch.
  • other methods such as software control can also be used to switch the first noise reduction filter 31 and the second noise reduction filter 32, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the present application by detecting the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone and the speaker in the feedback noise reduction system, it can be determined whether the acoustic channel is in the disturbed state; when the acoustic channel is in the disturbed state, the The noise reduction filter used by the feedback noise reduction system is switched from the first noise reduction filter to the second noise reduction filter. Compared with the first noise reduction filter, the second noise reduction filter can better resist the acoustic channel reception. Outside interference.
  • the first noise reduction filter and the second noise reduction filter in the feedback noise reduction system can be adaptively switched according to the interference of the acoustic channel, so that when the acoustic channel is interfered by the outside world , Effectively resist external interference, and in turn, can optimize the user's listening effect.
  • controller 30 is further configured to:
  • the first noise reduction filter 31 is used to generate a noise reduction signal to cancel the noise signal entering the feedback noise reduction system.
  • controller 30 is further configured to:
  • a sensor 36 is provided in the acoustic channel, and the controller 30 is specifically configured to:
  • the sensor 36 is used to detect the channel morphological parameters of the acoustic channel between the microphone 33 and the speaker 34.
  • the senor 36 is an airflow measurement sensor, and the airflow measurement sensor is used to detect the channel morphology parameters of the acoustic channel.
  • the channel morphology parameters include gas flow rate and gas flow direction; the controller determines whether the acoustic channel is When extruding, it is used for:
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a headset provided by another embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 4, the headset includes the feedback noise reduction system provided by any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the earphone may be a headphone, earphone, neck-mounted earphone, etc.
  • the product form of the earphone is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the headset provided by this embodiment Structural units such as earmuffs 43 may also be included.
  • Fig. 4 only shows the basic structure of the earphone, but this should not limit the structure of the earphone in this embodiment. It should be understood that the feedback noise reduction system provided by any of the foregoing embodiments is included. All earphones should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
  • structural units such as the noise reduction filter and the controller may be located outside the earmuff 43, of course, may also be located in the earmuff or other positions, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed, the steps that can be executed by the feedback noise reduction system in the foregoing method embodiment can be implemented.
  • the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program codes.
  • a computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can guide a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including the instruction device.
  • the device implements the functions specified in one process or multiple processes in the flowchart and/or one block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing equipment, so that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce computer-implemented processing, so as to execute on the computer or other programmable equipment.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing functions specified in a flow or multiple flows in the flowchart and/or a block or multiple blocks in the block diagram.
  • the computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
  • processors CPU
  • input/output interfaces network interfaces
  • memory volatile and non-volatile memory
  • the memory may include non-permanent memory in computer readable media, random access memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of computer readable media.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • flash RAM flash memory
  • Computer-readable media include permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media, and information storage can be realized by any method or technology.
  • the information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media can be used to store information that can be accessed by computing devices. According to the definition in this article, computer-readable media does not include transitory media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种反馈降噪方法、系统、耳机及存储介质，其中，所述方法包括：检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；当根据所述通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器；利用所述第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；其中，所述第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于所述第一降噪滤波器。本实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，自适应地将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器切换至能够更好抵抗外界干扰的第二降噪滤波器，从而提高系统稳定性，进而优化用户的听音效果。

Description

[根据细则26改正09.09.2019]　一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机
本申请要求于2019年4月3日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910266991.0、发明名称为“一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及降噪技术领域，尤其涉及一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机。
背景技术
主动噪声控制技术主要是利用了声波的干涉原理，通过一个与环境噪声信号等值反相的降噪信号来抵消原有环境噪声信号。
在反馈降噪系统中，麦克风负责采集噪声信号和喇叭信号，并传递给降噪滤波器，降噪滤波器对麦克风采集到的声音信号进行滤波处理，以产生与噪声信号等值反相的降噪信号并通过扬声器播放，从而可抵消噪声信号。因此，基于反馈降噪系统可有效降低噪声影响，从而提高听音效果。
但是，反馈降噪系统易受到外界干扰而发生自激振荡，这导致在反馈降噪系统收到外界干扰时，其中的喇叭可能会发出啸叫或周期震荡声等异常声音，影响听音效果。
发明内容
本申请的多个方面提供一种反馈降噪方法、系统及耳机，用以提高反馈降噪系统的稳定性，有效抵抗外界干扰，进而保证听音效果。
本申请实施例提供一种反馈降噪方法，包括：
检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；
当根据所述通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器；
利用所述第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；
其中，所述第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于所述第一降噪滤波器。
本申请实施例还提供一种反馈降噪系统，包括控制器、第一降噪滤波器、第二降噪滤波器和扬声器；所述控制器用于检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；当根据所述通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器；并由第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；
其中，所述第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于所述第一降噪滤波器。
本申请实施例还提供一种耳机，包括前述的反馈降噪系统。
本申请实施例还提供一种存储计算机指令的计算机可读存储介质，当所述计算机指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，致使所述一个或多个处理器执行前述的反馈降噪方法。
在本申请实施例中，通过检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，可判断所述声学通道是否处于被干扰状态；当所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器，第二降噪滤波器与第一降噪滤波器相比，可更好地抵抗声学通道收到的外界干扰。据此，本申请实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，自适应地将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器切换至能够更好抵抗外界干扰的第二降噪滤波器，从而提高反馈降噪系统在收到外界干扰时的系统稳定性，进而优化用户的听音效果。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请一实施例提供的一种反馈降噪方法的流程示意图；
图2a为本申请一实施例提供的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器的幅频响应对比示意图；
图2b为本申请一实施例提供的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器的相频响应对比示意图；
图3为本申请另一实施例提供的一种反馈降噪系统的结构示意图；
图4为本申请又一实施例提供的一种耳机的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请具体实施例及相应的附图对本申请技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
目前，当反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，可能会影响用户的听音效果。为了解决现有技术存在的问题，在本申请的一些实施例中：通过检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，可判断声学通道是否处于被干扰状态；当声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器，第二降噪滤波器与第一降噪滤波器相比，可更好地抵抗声学通道收到的外界干扰。据此，本申请实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，自适应地将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器切换至能够更好抵抗外界干扰的第二降噪滤波器，从 而提高反馈降噪系统在收到外界干扰时的系统稳定性，进而优化用户的听音效果。
以下结合附图，详细说明本申请各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的一种反馈降噪方法的流程示意图。如图1所示，该方法包括：
100、检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；
102、当根据通道形态参数确定该声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器，其中，第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于第一降噪滤波器；
103、利用第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
本实施例提供的反馈降噪方法可应用于反馈降噪系统中，用以抵抗外界干扰对反馈降噪系统造成的影响。其中，本实施例中并不限定反馈降噪系统的应用场景，反馈降噪系统可应用在耳机降噪场景或汽车降噪场景，当然，还可应用在其它需要进行反馈降噪的应用场景中，本实施例对此不作限定。
其中，外界干扰包括但不限于对反馈降噪系统所处应用场景的按压、捏挤等外力操作或者应用场景所处环境的压强变化等。例如，对于耳机降噪场景，外界干扰可能是用户对耳机耳罩的按压操作。
本实施例中，可通过检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，判断该声学通道是否处于被干扰状态。
当反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道可能发生形态变化，这导致该声学通道的声道传递函数发生变化，进而导致反馈降噪系统对应的反馈回路的增益容易升高至接近0dB甚至高于0dB，而这会使反馈回路发生自激振荡，从而产生高频啸叫或低频共振，造成反馈降噪系 统的扬声器发出刺耳尖叫声或周期震荡声。其中，反馈回路是指反馈系统中的麦克风、降噪滤波器和扬声器构成的闭环回路。
据此，本实施例中，通过检查反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态变化情况，及时发现反馈降噪系统受到的外界干扰。当然，本实施例中，还可检测反馈降噪系统中其它声学通道的通道形态参数，以其它声学通道的通道形态变化情况作为判断反馈降噪系统是否受到外界干扰的依据，本实施例对此不作限定。
当根据通道形态参数确定反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道处于被干扰状态时，可将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器。据此，可在反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道处于被干扰状态时，利用第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
如前记载，当反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道处于被干扰状态时，该声学通道的声道传递函数发生变化，则可能导致反馈回路的增益升高。为了降低该声学通道的声学传递函数的变化对反馈回路的增益造成的影响，本实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统中设置第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器。
第一降噪滤波器为以反馈降噪系统达到最佳降噪效果为目标而设计出的降噪滤波器，基于第一降噪滤波器的频率响应，可在反馈降噪系统处于未被干扰状态时达到最佳降噪效果。第二降噪滤波器与第一降噪滤波器相比，在预设频率的频率响应更低，这可能导致第二降噪滤波器的降噪效果不及第一降噪滤波器，但却使得第二降噪滤波器更适用于反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰的情况。
在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，基于第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的较低的频率响应，可调和反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的 声道传递函数的变化，从而改善反馈回路的增益升高问题，进而避免反馈降噪系统发生自激振荡。
其中，预设频段可以包括低于第一预设频率的频段和/或高于第二预设频率的频段；第二预设频率大于第一预设频率。也即是，可为第二降噪滤波器在预设的低频段和/或预设的高频段配置更低的频率响应。频率响应可包括幅频响应和/或相频响应。
图2a为本申请一实施例提供的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器的幅频响应对比示意图。图2b为本申请一实施例提供的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器的相频响应对比示意图。如图2a和2b所示，曲线a表示第一降噪滤波器的频率响应；第一预设频率可以是200HZ，第二预设频率可以是1000HZ，第二降噪滤波器在小于200HZ的频段，幅频响应和相频响应均低于第一降噪滤波器，第二降噪滤波器在大于1000HZ的片段，幅频响应低于第一降噪滤波器。当然，图2a和2b中示出的频率响应均是示例性的，本实施例并不限于。
在一些实际应用中，可在反馈降噪系统中增加双掷开关，通过控制双掷开关，可实现反馈降噪系统中第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器之间的切换。
本实施例中：通过检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，可判断声学通道是否处于被干扰状态；当声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器，第二降噪滤波器与第一降噪滤波器相比，可更好地抵抗声学通道收到的外界干扰。据此，本申请实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，自适应地将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器切换至能够更好抵抗外界干扰的第二降噪滤波器，从而提高反馈降噪系统在收到外界干扰时的系统稳定性，进而优化用户的听音效果。
在上述或下述实施例中，在将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器从第一 降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器后，还可继续检测声学通道的通道形态参数；当根据继续检测到的通道形态参数确定声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第二降噪滤波器切换回第一降噪滤波器；利用第一降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
本实施例中，通过间断性或持续性地检测反馈降噪系统中麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，可发现该声学通道的未被干扰状态，从而可在该声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，及时将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器恢复为第一降噪滤波器，以利用第一降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，进而获得更好的降噪效果。
值得说明的是，本实施例中，可在发现反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道进入被干扰状态时，即执行将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换为第二降噪滤波器的操作，当然，也可在该声学通道进入被干扰状态一段时候后，再执行上述操作，本实施例对此不作限定。同理，本实施例中，可在发现该声学通道从被干扰状态恢复为未被干扰状态时，即执行将反馈降噪系统中使用的降噪滤波器从第二降噪滤波器切换回第一降噪滤波器的操作，当然，也可在该声学通道进入未被干扰状态一段时候后，再执行上述操作，本实施例对此也不作限定。
在上述或下述实施例中，可根据通道形态参数判断反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道是否被挤压；在判断出声学通道被挤压的情况下，确定声学通道处于被干扰状态；在判断出声学通道不被挤压的情况下，确定声学通道处于未被干扰状态。
在实际应用中，可将反馈降噪系统中麦克风和扬声器之间的声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，该声学通道对应的通道形态参数作为基准参数。在反馈降噪系统的使用过程中，当检测到通道形态参数与该基准参数不匹配时，可 确定该声学通道被挤压，而当检测到通道形态参数与该基准参数匹配时，可确定该声学通道不被挤压。另外，判断该声学通道是否被挤压的过程可以是一个间断性或持续性的过程，本实施例对此不作限定。
本实施例中，可利用传感器检测反馈降噪系统中麦克风和扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数。传感器可装配在该声学通道中。
其中，传感器可以是气流测量传感器或形变传感器等等，本实施例对传感器的类型不作限定。以下将以气流测量传感器为例，详细说明根据通道形态参数判断该声学通道是否被挤压的过程。
当传感器采用气流测量传感器时，气流测量传感器用于检测该声学通道的通道形态参数，而检测到的通道形态参数包括但不限于气体流速和气体流向。在一些实际应用中，可在声学通道中增加泄声孔、泄声管道等泄声装置，而将气流测量传感器设置在泄声装置的气体出入口处。当然，本实施例并不限于此。
由于该声学通道被挤压时，声学通道的容积减小，声学通道内的空气收到压缩，压强增大，这导致声学通道内外产生压强差，从而产生从声学通道内部流向外部的气流，此时，气流测量传感器可检测到该气流。据此，本实施例中，可在检测到通道形态参数中的气体流向为从声学通道的内部向外部流动，且气体流速逐渐增大至大于第一预设阈值时，确定声学通道被挤压。其中，第一预设阈值可灵活设定，例如，可设定为零，当然，本实施例不限于此。
另外，本实施例中，可在检测到该声学通道开始被挤压后，继续检测该声学通道的通道形态参数，并将该声学通道从开始被挤压到被挤压到极限，再到被松开但未恢复至不被挤压形态的形变过程，确定为该声学通道的被干扰状态。在这个形变过程中，不同的形变节点对应的通道形态参数不同。前文已经介绍了开始被挤压这一形变节点对应的通道形态参数，基于此，被挤 压到极限这一形变节点的通道形态参数可以是气体流速达到零，而被松开这一形变节点对应的通道形态参数则可以是气体流向为从声学通道的外部向内部流动。当然，这些仅是示例性的，本实施例并不限于此。
当声学通道经历过上述形变过程后，可恢复为非干扰状态，因此，本实施例中，可在检测到通道形态参数中的气体流向为从声学通道的外部向内部流动，且气体流速逐渐变小至小于第二预设阈值，则确定声学通道不被挤压。其中，第二预设阈值也可灵活设定，本实施例对此不作限定。
据此，本实施例中，可在反馈降噪系统使用过程中，准确监测其中的麦克风与扬声器之间声学通道的被干扰状态和未被干扰状态的切换情况，从而，可根据两种状态的切换情况，自适应地切换反馈降噪系统中的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器。因此，可在反馈降噪系统受到外界干扰时，抵抗外界干扰对反馈降噪系统造成的影响，而在反馈降噪系统未受到外界干扰时，可获得最佳的降噪效果，从而，在反馈降噪系统的使用过程中，优化用户的听音效果。
图3为本申请另一实施例提供的一种反馈降噪系统的结构示意图。如图3所示，该反馈降噪系统包括：控制器30、第一降噪滤波器31、第二降噪滤波器32、麦克风33和扬声器34。
控制器30用于检测麦克风33与扬声器34之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；当根据通道形态参数确定声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器31切换至第二降噪滤波器32；并由第二降噪滤波器32产生降噪信号，以抵消进入反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；其中，第二降噪滤波器32在预设频段的频率响应低于第一降噪滤波器31。
在实际应用中，如图3所示，可在反馈降噪系统中增加双掷开关35，控制器30可通过控制双掷开关35实现第一降噪滤波器31和第二降噪滤波器32的切换。当然，也可采用软件控制等其它方式实现第一降噪滤波器31和 第二降噪滤波器32的切换，本实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请的一些实施例中：通过检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，可判断声学通道是否处于被干扰状态；当声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器，第二降噪滤波器与第一降噪滤波器相比，可更好地抵抗声学通道收到的外界干扰。据此，本申请实施例中，可根据声学通道的被干扰情况，自适应地切换反馈降噪系统中的第一降噪滤波器和第二降噪滤波器，以在声学通道受到外界干扰时，有效抵抗外界干扰，进而，可优化用户的听音效果。
在一可选实施例中，控制器30还用于：
继续检测声学通道的通道形态参数；
当根据继续检测到的通道形态参数确定声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，将反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第二降噪滤波器32切换回第一降噪滤波器31；
利用第一降噪滤波器31产生降噪信号，以抵消进入反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
在一可选实施例中，控制器30还用于：
根据通道形态参数判断声学通道是否被挤压；
在判断出声学通道被挤压的情况下，确定声学通道处于被干扰状态；
在判断出声学通道不被挤压的情况下，确定声学通道处于未被干扰状态。
在一可选实施例中，声学通道中设置有传感器36，控制器30具体用于：
利用传感器36检测麦克风33与扬声器34之间的声学通道的通道形态参数。
在一可选实施例中，传感器36为气流测量传感器，气流测量传感器用于检测声学通道的通道形态参数，通道形态参数包括气体流速和气体流向；控制器在根据通道形态参数判断声学通道是否被挤压时，用于：
当气体流向为从声学通道的内部向外部流动，且气体流速逐渐增大至大于第一预设阈值时，确定声学通道被挤压；
当气体流向为从声学通道的外部向内部流动，且气体流速逐渐增大至小于第二预设阈值，则确定声学通道不被挤压。
值得说明的是，上述针对反馈降噪系统的相关实施例中涉及到的技术细节，可参考前文中有关反馈降噪方法的各实施例中的描述，为节省篇幅，在此不再详述，但这不应造成对本申请保护范围的损失。
图4为本申请又一实施例提供的一种耳机的结构示意图。如图4所示，该耳机包括前述任一实施例提供的反馈降噪系统。
其中，该耳机可以是头戴式耳机、入耳式耳机、颈挂式耳机等等，本实施例对该耳机的产品形态不作限定。
另外，如图4所示，除了反馈降噪系统中的麦克风40和扬声器41以及增设的用于检测麦克风40和扬声器41之间声学通道的通道形态参数的传感器42等，本实施例提供的耳机还可包括耳套43等结构单元。
值得说明的是，图4仅是出了耳机的基本结构构，但这并不应造成对本实施例中耳机的结构限定，应当理解的是，包含前述任一实施例提供的反馈降噪系统的耳机都应属于本发明的保护范围。另外，降噪滤波器、控制器等结构单元可位于耳套43外，当然也可位于耳套内或者其它位置，本实施例对此不作限定。
相应地，本申请实施例还提供一种存储有计算机程序的计算机可读存储介质，计算机程序被执行时能够实现上述方法实施例中可由反馈降噪系统执行的各步骤。
需要说明的是，本文中的“第一”、“第二”等描述，是用于区分不同的降噪滤波器、预设频率、预设阈值等，不代表先后顺序，也不代表主次顺序，也不限定“第一”和“第二”是不同的类型。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的 处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
在一个典型的配置中，计算设备包括一个或多个处理器(CPU)、输入/输出接口、网络接口和内存。
内存可能包括计算机可读介质中的非永久性存储器，随机存取存储器(RAM)和/或非易失性内存等形式，如只读存储器(ROM)或闪存(flash RAM)。内存是计算机可读介质的示例。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
还需要说明的是，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、商品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、商品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅为本申请的实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请。对于本领域 技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原理之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种反馈降噪方法，其特征在于，包括：
    检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；
    当根据所述通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波器；
    利用所述第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；
    其中，所述第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于所述第一降噪滤波器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    继续检测所述声学通道的通道形态参数；
    当根据继续检测到的通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从所述第二降噪滤波器切换回所述第一降噪滤波器；
    利用所述第一降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述通道形态参数判断所述声学通道是否被挤压；
    在判断出所述声学通道被挤压的情况下，确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态；
    在判断出所述声学通道不被挤压的情况下，确定所述声学通道处于未被 干扰状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述声学通道中设置有传感器，则检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数，包括：
    利用所述传感器检测反馈降噪系统中的麦克风与扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传感器为气流测量传感器，所述气流测量传感器用于检测所述声学通道的通道形态参数，所述通道形态参数包括气体流速和气体流向；
    所述根据所述通道形态参数判断所述声学通道是否被挤压，包括：
    当所述气体流向为从所述声学通道的内部向外部流动，且所述气体流速逐渐增大至大于第一预设阈值时，确定所述声学通道被挤压；
    当所述气体流向为从所述声学通道的外部向内部流动，且所述气体流速逐渐减小至小于第二预设阈值，则确定所述声学通道不被挤压。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设频段包括低于第一预设频率的频段和/或高于第二预设频率的频段，其中，所述第二预设频率大于所述第一预设频率。
  7. 一种反馈降噪系统，其特征在于，包括控制器、第一降噪滤波器、第二降噪滤波器、麦克风和扬声器；
    所述控制器用于检测所述麦克风与所述扬声器之间的声学通道的通道形态参数；当根据所述通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从第一降噪滤波器切换至第二降噪滤波 器；并由第二降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号；
    其中，所述第二降噪滤波器在预设频段的频率响应低于所述第一降噪滤波器。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的反馈降噪系统，其特征在于，所述控制器还用于：
    继续检测所述声学通道的通道形态参数；
    当根据继续检测到的通道形态参数确定所述声学通道处于未被干扰状态时，将所述反馈降噪系统使用的降噪滤波器从所述第二降噪滤波器切换回所述第一降噪滤波器；
    利用所述第一降噪滤波器产生降噪信号，以抵消进入所述反馈降噪系统的噪声信号。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的反馈降噪系统，其特征在于，所述控制器还用于：
    根据所述通道形态参数判断所述声学通道是否被挤压；
    在判断出所述声学通道被挤压的情况下，确定所述声学通道处于被干扰状态；
    在判断出所述声学通道不被挤压的情况下，确定所述声学通道处于未被干扰状态。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的反馈降噪系统，其特征在于，所述声学通道中设置有传感器，所述传感器为气流测量传感器，所述气流测量传感器用于检测所述声学通道的通道形态参数，所述通道形态参数包括气体流速和气体 流向；所述控制器在根据所述通道形态参数判断所述声学通道是否被挤压时，用于：
    当所述气体流向为从所述声学通道的内部向外部流动，且所述气体流速逐渐增大至大于第一预设阈值时，确定所述声学通道被挤压；
    当所述气体流向为从所述声学通道的外部向内部流动，且所述气体流速逐渐增大至小于第二预设阈值，则确定所述声学通道不被挤压。
  11. 一种耳机，其特征在于，包括权利要求7～10任一项所述的反馈降噪系统。
  12. 一种存储计算机指令的计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，当所述计算机指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，致使所述一个或多个处理器执行权利要求1-6任一项所述的反馈降噪方法。
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