WO2020172949A1 - 一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置 - Google Patents

一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020172949A1
WO2020172949A1 PCT/CN2019/081328 CN2019081328W WO2020172949A1 WO 2020172949 A1 WO2020172949 A1 WO 2020172949A1 CN 2019081328 W CN2019081328 W CN 2019081328W WO 2020172949 A1 WO2020172949 A1 WO 2020172949A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rail
tripod
output
fixed rail
movable rail
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/081328
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
寇子明
高贵军
张静
孙福利
薛佳宝
Original Assignee
太原理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 太原理工大学 filed Critical 太原理工大学
Priority to US17/279,103 priority Critical patent/US12104328B2/en
Priority to AU2019431920A priority patent/AU2019431920B2/en
Publication of WO2020172949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020172949A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B25/00—Tracks for special kinds of railways
    • E01B25/22—Tracks for railways with the vehicle suspended from rigid supporting rails
    • E01B25/26—Switches; Crossings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B61B13/04—Monorail systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L5/00—Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks; Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals
    • B61L5/04—Fluid-pressure devices for operating points or scotch-blocks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B5/00—Rails; Guard rails; Distance-keeping means for them
    • E01B5/02—Rails
    • E01B5/14—Rails for special parts of the track, e.g. for curves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2202/00—Characteristics of moving parts of rail systems, e.g. switches, special frogs, tongues
    • E01B2202/04—Nature of the support or bearing
    • E01B2202/044—Rolling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to rail vehicle technology, in particular to a switch device for a monorail crane.
  • a monorail crane is often used to transport goods and people in special occasions such as coal mine tunnels, road tunnels, and railway tunnels.
  • the main advantages of monorail crane transportation are: first, the monorail crane has a small section and high utilization of the roadway section space. ; Second, it can be used for continuous non-reload transportation in flat and inclined lanes, and its transport load is not limited by the conditions of the floor, and can run on various vertical curves, flat curves and complex curves; third, it can be completed from the mining area depot to the working surface
  • the auxiliary transportation without reloading can be used for auxiliary transportation operations that connect the main transportation roadway and mining area roadway together.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is expected to provide a switch device for a monorail crane to enhance safety and stability.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a switch device for a monorail crane.
  • the device includes a rack, an input fixed rail that is connected to an input rail, an output fixed rail that is connected to an output rail, and is arranged on the input fixed rail and the output rail.
  • the movable rail includes a first movable rail capable of simultaneously docking the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail and a second movable rail capable of simultaneously docking the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail;
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail are fixed to each other, and both can rotate with a horizontal line as the axis, and the upper rail faces of the first movable rail and the second movable rail differ by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction. .
  • the device further includes a tripod
  • the tripod includes an input end corresponding to the input track and an output end corresponding to the output track, and both the input end and the output end are provided with shaft heads
  • the tripod is rotatably installed on the frame through the shaft head, and the frame is provided with a support matched with the shaft head; the first movable rail and the second movable rail are respectively fixed to the Above and below the tripod, when the tripod rotates, the first movable rail and the second movable rail both rotate with a horizontal line as an axis.
  • the device further includes a driving device for driving the tripod to rotate, and the driving device is arranged at either end of the input end or the output end of the frame corresponding to the tripod.
  • the frame further includes a limit block that limits the angle of rotation of the tripod, the limit block is located within the radius of rotation of the tripod; the first movable rail is simultaneously connected to the input When the fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, the upper surface of the tripod abuts against the stop block, and the second movable rail butts at the same time the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail, The lower surface of the tripod abuts against the limiting block.
  • the movable rail is provided with an arc section connecting the input fixed rail and the output fixed rail in the traveling direction of the crane, and the size of the arc section is preset.
  • the support includes a bearing seat and a rolling bearing, the bearing seat is fixed on the frame, the outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the bearing seat, and the inner ring of the rolling bearing is connected to the shaft of the tripod. Head fit.
  • the driving device is a first motor, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the shaft head of the tripod.
  • the driving device includes a bidirectional hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a second hydraulic cylinder
  • the bidirectional hydraulic pump includes two first outlets respectively connected to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder.
  • An oil port and a second oil outlet, the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the shaft head of the tripod via a rack and pinion mechanism;
  • the first hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft head of the tripod to rotate clockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism; when the second oil outlet of the two-way hydraulic pump When oil is discharged from the oil outlet, the second hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft head of the tripod to rotate counterclockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism.
  • the driving device further includes a second motor that drives the bidirectional hydraulic pump.
  • the second motor rotates forward, the first oil outlet of the bidirectional hydraulic pump outputs oil, and the second motor reverses.
  • the second oil outlet of the bidirectional hydraulic pump discharges oil.
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail are respectively fixed to the tripod through a plurality of connecting parts, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the tripod are both provided with matching parts
  • a first preset structure, both the first movable rail and the second movable rail are provided with a second preset structure that cooperates with the connecting member.
  • the switch device for a monorail crane includes a frame, an input fixed rail that is connected to an input rail, an output fixed rail that is connected to an output rail, and an activity set between the input fixed rail and the output fixed rail Rail;
  • the input fixed rail is provided at one end of the rack
  • the output fixed rail includes a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail, the first output fixed rail and the second output fixed rail respectively Is provided at the other end of the rack;
  • the movable rail includes a first movable rail that can simultaneously dock the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and a first movable rail that can simultaneously dock the input fixed rail and the second
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail are fixed to each other, and both can rotate on the horizontal line, the first movable rail and the second movable rail
  • the upper rail faces differ by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction; it can be seen that in the switch device for monorail cranes of the embodiment of the present
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a switch device for a monorail crane in a mine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic top view of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tripod and movable rail in the switch device for monorail crane in the mine of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of one end of the switch device for monorail crane in the mine of the embodiment of the present invention where the driving device is installed;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial schematic diagram of the other end of the switch device for the monorail crane in the mine according to the embodiment of the present invention where the driving device is not installed;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder in a switch device for a monorail crane in a mine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional hydraulic pump in a switch device for a monorail crane in a mine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of bolts and threaded seats in the switch device for monorail cranes in the mine of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the orthographic projection of FIG. 8.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be an electrical connection, or a communication between two components, or a direct connection. , It can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • first ⁇ second ⁇ third is involved in the embodiment of the present invention, it only distinguishes similar objects and does not represent a specific order for the objects. Understandably, “first ⁇ second ⁇ third” Two ⁇ third” can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence when permitted. It should be understood that the objects distinguished by “first ⁇ second ⁇ third” can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a switch device for a monorail crane.
  • the device includes a rack, an input fixed rail that is connected to an input rail, an output fixed rail that is connected to an output rail, and is arranged on the input fixed rail and the output rail.
  • the movable rail between the fixed rails; the input fixed rail is arranged at one end of the rack, the output fixed rail includes a first output fixed rail and a second output fixed rail, the first output fixed rail and the The second output fixed rails are respectively arranged at the other end of the rack;
  • the movable rail includes a first movable rail that can simultaneously dock the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, and can simultaneously dock the input
  • the fixed rail and the second movable rail of the second output fixed rail; the first movable rail and the second movable rail are fixed to each other, and both can rotate about the horizontal line, the first movable rail and The direction of the upper rail surface of the second movable rail differs by 180 degrees in the circumferential direction.
  • the switch device for a monorail crane of the embodiment of the present invention is used for rails with two branch roads, that is, one input rail and two output rails. It can be understood that it can also be used for more branch roads.
  • the input fixed rail, the first output fixed rail, and the second output fixed rail are all used to connect the input rail or the output rail, so a related structure of the connection rail is provided, and the related structure It can be a connecting plate.
  • the switch device for a monorail crane in the embodiment of the present invention by rotating the first movable rail and the second movable rail to change the track, compared with the mobile movable rail in the prior art, the docking of the changing track is more accurate, and the monorail is reduced.
  • the bumps of the crane and the wear to the wheels of the monorail crane are safer and more stable.
  • the movable track in the prior art is often a kind of swing, that is, the moving track is an arc, so there is a deflection angle gap between the fixed track and the movable track, and the butt joint Not precise enough. But by changing the orbit by rotation, this problem no longer exists.
  • the device further includes a tripod
  • the tripod includes an input end corresponding to the input track and an output end corresponding to the output track, and both the input end and the output end are provided with Axle head
  • the tripod is rotatably installed on the frame through the shaft head
  • the frame is provided with a support matched with the shaft head
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail are respectively It is fixed above and below the tripod.
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail both rotate with the horizontal line as the axis.
  • it is more convenient to install the movable rail can also correspond to the rails of two fork roads, and has a stable structure. It can be understood that other shapes are also possible, such as a trapezoid.
  • the device further includes a driving device for driving the tripod to rotate, and the driving device is arranged at either end of the input end or the output end of the frame corresponding to the tripod. It can be understood that a manual switch is also possible.
  • the frame further includes a limit block for limiting the angle of rotation of the tripod, the limit block is located within the radius of rotation of the tripod; the first movable rails are connected at the same time When the input fixed rail and the first output fixed rail, the upper surface of the tripod abuts against the stop block, and the second movable rail simultaneously butts with the input fixed rail and the second output fixed rail When railing, the lower surface of the tripod abuts against the limiting block. In this way, the position after the rotation of the movable rail is stopped is more accurate, and it is convenient to dock with the fixed rail. It can be understood that setting the rotation angle by the driving device can also limit the position of the movable rail after the rotation stops.
  • the movable rail is provided with an arc section connecting the input fixed rail and the output fixed rail in the traveling direction of the crane, and the size of the arc section is preset.
  • the smooth connection may be a connection method in which a straight line and a circular arc are connected, the straight line is taken as the tangent of the circle where the circular arc is located, and the connection point is a tangent point.
  • the support includes a bearing seat and a rolling bearing
  • the bearing seat is fixed on the frame
  • the outer ring of the rolling bearing is fixed on the bearing seat
  • the inner ring of the rolling bearing is connected to the triangle
  • the shaft head of the frame matches.
  • the rolling bearing has rolling friction, low resistance, not easy to jam, and the lubricating oil is relatively sealed, can maintain good lubrication for a long time, and is more suitable for harsh conditions such as underground mines; in the prior art, the track is changed by movement, generally sliding friction, resistance Large, easy to jam, and the lubricating oil is not sealed enough, and the lubrication condition is poor.
  • the driving device is a first motor, and the output shaft of the first motor is connected to the shaft head of the tripod.
  • the first motor is a stepper motor or a servo motor, which can not only drive the tripod to rotate, but also accurately control the rotation angle of the tripod to ensure that the movable rail and the fixed rail are correctly connected.
  • the driving device includes a bidirectional hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a second hydraulic cylinder.
  • the bidirectional hydraulic pump includes a first oil outlet connected to the first hydraulic cylinder, and The second oil outlet of the second hydraulic cylinder, the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder are respectively connected to the shaft head of the tripod through a rack and pinion mechanism; when the two-way hydraulic pump is When oil is discharged from the first oil outlet, the first hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft head of the tripod to rotate clockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism; when oil is discharged from the second oil outlet of the bidirectional hydraulic pump, The second hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft head of the tripod to rotate counterclockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism.
  • the hydraulic system including the two-way hydraulic pump, the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the rotation of the shaft head of the tripod, which is more stable and has a failure rate than a motor drive. low.
  • the above mentioned only the hydraulic oil outlet of the two-way hydraulic pump.
  • the oil return port is also required.
  • the two-way hydraulic pump also includes the first oil outlet.
  • the first oil return port corresponding to the port and the second oil return port corresponding to the second oil outlet are understood by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the piston rods of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder may be the same hydraulic cylinder, that is, it may be a double-acting hydraulic cylinder. In this way, the pipeline arrangement of the two-way hydraulic pump may also be simplify.
  • the driving device further includes a second motor that drives the bidirectional hydraulic pump.
  • the second motor rotates forward, the first oil outlet of the bidirectional hydraulic pump outputs oil, and the first When the two motors are reversed, the second oil outlet of the bidirectional hydraulic pump discharges oil.
  • the rotation direction of the movable rail can be controlled, and the control is more convenient.
  • the first movable rail and the second movable rail are respectively fixed to the tripod by a plurality of connecting parts, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the tripod are both provided with the connection
  • a first preset structure for component cooperation, the first movable rail and the second movable rail are both provided with a second preset structure for cooperation with the connecting component.
  • the connecting member may be a bolt
  • the first preset structure may be a slot that can fix the head of the bolt
  • the second preset structure may be a threaded hole, so that the structure is simple and easy to disassemble
  • the connecting component may also be other components, such as an I-beam.
  • One end of the I-beam is fixed to the first movable rail or the second movable rail, and the other end is fixed to the tripod. The way can be threaded.
  • this embodiment is a switch device for a monorail crane in a mine.
  • the device includes a frame 11, an input fixed rail 12, an output fixed rail and a movable rail;
  • the input fixed rail 12 Is arranged at one end of the rack 11,
  • the output fixed rail includes a first output fixed rail 131 and a second output fixed rail 132, the first output fixed rail 131 and the second output fixed rail 132 are respectively arranged at The other end of the rack 11;
  • the movable rail includes a first movable rail 141 that can simultaneously dock the input fixed rail 12 and the first output fixed rail 131, and can simultaneously dock the input fixed rail 12 and
  • the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 are respectively fixed above and below the tripod 15, the tripod 15 can be a horizontal line
  • the axis rotates, that is, the upper rail faces of the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 differ by 180 degrees in
  • the tripod 15 includes an input end corresponding to the input track and an output end corresponding to the output track, and both the input end and the output end are provided with shaft heads. 151.
  • the tripod 15 is rotatably installed on the frame 11 through the shaft head 151, and both ends of the frame 11 are provided with supports that cooperate with the shaft head 151; specifically, for ease of installation 4, a connecting shaft 161 is installed in the support at one end of the frame 11, the shaft head 151 at one end of the tripod 15 is connected to the connecting shaft 161, and the other end of the tripod 15
  • the shaft head 151 is directly connected to the support, so that the tripod 15 can rotate relative to the frame 11 through the shaft head 151, the connecting shaft 161 and the support; as can be seen from FIG.
  • the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 are both on the right side of the tripod, so that the second movable rail 142 below the tripod 15 is connected to the second movable rail 142 on the right side of the tripod 15
  • the first movable rail 141 is located on the left side of the tripod 15 and can be docked with the second fixed output rail 132 on the left side of the tripod 15 to achieve the purpose of changing the track.
  • the device further includes a driving device for driving the tripod 15 to rotate, and the driving device is arranged at either end of the frame 11 corresponding to the input end or the output end of the tripod 15.
  • the driving device includes a two-way hydraulic pump 171 and a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 172.
  • the two-way hydraulic pump 171 includes two two-way hydraulic pumps respectively connected to the double-acting hydraulic cylinders 172.
  • the first oil outlet 173 and the second oil outlet 174 of the oil inlet, the piston rod (not shown in the figure) of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 172 is connected to the rack and pinion mechanism (not shown in the figure)
  • the shaft head 151 of the tripod 15 is connected; when oil is discharged from the first oil outlet 173 of the bidirectional hydraulic pump 171, the oil inlet on the left side of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 172 enters the oil, and the piston rod moves to the right Move, the shaft head 151 of the tripod 15 is driven to rotate clockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism; when the second oil outlet 174 of the bidirectional hydraulic pump 171 outputs oil, the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 172 on the right Oil is fed into the oil inlet, the piston rod moves to the left, and the shaft head 151 of the tripod 15 is driven to rotate counterclockwise through the rack and pinion mechanism.
  • the hydraulic system including the two-way hydraulic pump 171 and the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 172 drives the shaft head 151 of the tripod 15 to rotate, which is more stable and has a lower failure rate than a motor drive.
  • the driving device drives the connecting shaft 161 to drive the shaft head 151 to rotate.
  • the two-way hydraulic pump 171 is placed in a hydraulic tank, and the hydraulic tank includes at least half of the hydraulic oil.
  • the two-way hydraulic pump 171 shown in the figure is actually the shell of the hydraulic tank.
  • the frame 11 further includes a limit block 181 that limits the angle of rotation of the tripod 15, and the limit block 181 is located in the rotation of the tripod 15.
  • the limit block 181 limits the angle of rotation of the tripod 15, and the limit block 181 is located in the rotation of the tripod 15.
  • the movable rail is provided with an arc section connecting the input fixed rail 12 and the output fixed rail in the traveling direction of the monorail crane, and the size of the arc section is preset, That is, the movable rail is a curve in the moving direction of the monorail crane. In this way, the butt joint of the movable rail and the fixed rail is smoothly connected, which further reduces the bumps of the monorail crane and the wear on the wheels of the monorail crane.
  • the support includes a bearing seat 162 and a rolling bearing 163.
  • the bearing seat 162 is fixed to the frame 11, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 163 is fixed to the On the bearing seat 162, the inner ring of the rolling bearing 163 is matched with the shaft head 151 of the tripod 15.
  • the rolling bearing 163 has rolling friction, low resistance, not easy to jam, and the lubricating oil is relatively sealed, can maintain good lubrication for a long time, and is more suitable for harsh conditions such as underground mines.
  • the driving device further includes a second motor 175 that drives the bidirectional hydraulic pump 171.
  • the bidirectional hydraulic pump 171 Oil is discharged from the first oil outlet 173.
  • the second motor 175 reverses, the second oil outlet 174 of the bidirectional hydraulic pump 171 outputs oil. In this way, by controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the second motor 175, the rotation direction of the movable rail can be controlled, and the control is easier.
  • the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 may be fixed to the tripod 15 by a plurality of connecting parts, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the connecting parts are bolts. 191.
  • the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 are respectively fixed to the tripod 15 by a plurality of bolts 191, and the upper and lower surfaces of the tripod 15 are both provided with the bolts 191
  • the first movable rail 141 and the second movable rail 142 are both provided with a threaded seat 193 that cooperates with the bolt 191.
  • the specific assembly method may be: first fix the connecting seat 192 to the upper surface of the tripod 15, and then fix the threaded seat 193 to the bottom of the movable rail; then fix the bolt 191 Sleeve two nuts; screw the screw of the bolt 191 sleeved in the nut into the threaded seat 193 and tighten it, and at the same time tighten the first nut 194 of the two nuts, that is, the end surface of the first nut 194 abuts the movable The bottom of the rail; move the movable rail, insert the head of the bolt 191 into the connecting seat 192 from the side, because the bolt 191 has been connected to the movable rail, that is, the entire movable rail is connected to the tripod 15, and then the two The second nut 195 of the two nuts is tightened so that the end surface of the second nut 195 abuts the connecting seat 192.
  • This structure is simple and easy to disassemble.
  • the device further includes a connecting plate 20, which is arranged on the input fixed rail 12, the first output fixed rail 131, and the second output fixed rail 132 The end part is used to connect the input track or output track.
  • the device further includes a position sensor 21, which is arranged on the frame 11.
  • the position sensor 21 Acquire induction. If the position of the movable rail is deviated and does not rotate to the correct position, the position sensor 21 will not be able to sense it, and will sound an alarm and send out a fault signal, which will be transmitted back to the driver’s cab and the central control room , Through the central control room, the signal lights on the road are automatically changed to prohibition or red lights to avoid damage to the monorail crane during driving, and the maintenance personnel are notified, and the maintenance personnel receive the fault signal and perform maintenance.
  • the device can also not control the signal lights on the road through the driver’s cab or the central control room. Instead, the maintenance personnel can manually change the signal lights that control the road to no traffic or light up the red light, and perform maintenance. This situation is applicable to The control failure of the central control room may simplify the control system of the central control room.
  • the device further includes lifting lugs 22 for fixing the device to the top wall of the coal mine tunnel.
  • the switch device for a monorail crane by rotating the first movable rail and the second movable rail to change the track, the changing track is accurately connected, and the bumps of the monorail crane and the wear on the wheels of the monorail crane are reduced. More secure and stable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Carriers, Traveling Bodies, And Overhead Traveling Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，包括机架（11）、对接输入轨道的输入固定轨（12）、对接输出轨道的输出固定轨和设置在输入固定轨（12）和输出固定轨之间的活动轨；输入固定轨（12）设置于机架（11）的一端，输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨（131）和第二输出固定轨（132），第一输出固定轨（131）和第二输出固定轨（132）分别设置在机架（11）的另一端；活动轨包括能同时对接输入固定轨（12）和第一输出固定轨（131）的第一活动轨（141）与能同时对接输入固定轨（12）和第二输出固定轨（132）的第二活动轨（142）；第一活动轨（141）和第二活动轨（142）相互固定在一起，且均能以水平线为轴线转动，第一活动轨（141）和第二活动轨（142）的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度。

Description

一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201910139054.9、申请日为2019年02月25日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道车辆技术，具体涉及一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置。
背景技术
在煤矿巷道、公路隧道、铁路隧道等特殊场合中运输货物及人员，经常会用到一种单轨吊车，单轨吊车运输的主要优点：一是单轨吊车的本机截面小，巷道断面空间利用率高；二是可用于平巷和斜巷的连续不转载运输，其运送载荷不受底板条件限制，可在各种竖曲线、平曲线及复杂曲线运行；三是可完成从采区车场直至工作面不经转载的辅助运输，可用于把主要运输大巷和采区巷道连在一起的辅助运输作业。
单轨吊车在井下使用时，常常需要用到道岔装置，以便单轨吊车能通达更多的地方。但是现有的道岔装置变换轨道时，活动导轨和固定导轨对接不够精确，存在偏折夹角缝隙，该缝隙导致单轨吊车过岔时过于颠簸，并对单轨吊车的车轮造成磨损，存在一定的安全隐患，也不够稳定。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例期望提供一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，增强安全稳定性。
为达到上述目的，本发明实施例的技术方案是这样实现的：
本发明实施例提供了一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，所述装置包括机架、对接输入轨道的输入固定轨、对接输出轨道的输出固定轨和设置在所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨之间的活动轨；所述输入固定轨设置于所述机架的一端，所述输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨和第二输出固定轨，所述第一输出固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨分别设置在所述机架的另一端；
所述活动轨包括能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨的第一活动轨与能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨的第二活动轨；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨相互固定在一起，且均能以水平线为轴线转动，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度。
上述方案中，所述装置还包括三角架，所述三角架包括对应所述输入轨道的输入端和对应所述输出轨道的输出端，所述输入端和所述输出端均设有轴头，所述三角架通过所述轴头可转动的安装于所述机架，所述机架设有与所述轴头配合的支承；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别固定于所述三角架的上方和下方，所述三角架转动时，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均以水平线为轴线转动。
上述方案中，所述装置还包括驱动所述三角架转动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置在所述机架对应所述三角架的输入端或输出端中的任意一端。
上述方案中，所述机架还包括限制所述三角架转动的角度的限位块，所述限位块位于所述三角架的转动半径范围内；所述第一活动轨同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨时，所述三角架的上表面抵靠所述限位块，所述第二活动轨同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨 时，所述三角架的下表面抵靠所述限位块。
上述方案中，所述活动轨在所述吊车行驶的方向均设有对接所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨的弧形段，所述弧形段的尺寸为预设。
上述方案中，支承包括轴承座和滚动轴承，所述轴承座固定在所述机架上，所述滚动轴承的外圈固定于所述轴承座上，所述滚动轴承的内圈与所述三角架的轴头配合。
上述方案中，所述驱动装置为第一电机，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述三角架的轴头连接。
上述方案中，所述驱动装置包括双向液压泵、第一液压缸和第二液压缸，所述双向液压泵包括两个分别连接所述第一液压缸、所述第二液压缸的第一出油口和第二出油口，所述第一液压缸和所述第二液压缸的活塞杆分别通过齿轮齿条机构与所述三角架的轴头连接；
当所述双向液压泵的第一出油口出油时，所述第一液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头顺时针转动；当所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油时，所述第二液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头逆时针转动。
上述方案中，所述驱动装置还包括驱动所述双向液压泵的第二电机，所述第二电机正转时，所述双向液压泵的第一出油口出油，所述第二电机反转时，所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油。
上述方案中，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别通过多个连接部件固定于所述三角架，所述三角架的上表面和下表面均设有与所述连接部件配合的第一预设结构，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均设有与所述连接部件配合的第二预设结构。
本发明实施例的用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，包括机架、对接输入轨道的输入固定轨、对接输出轨道的输出固定轨和设置在所述输入固定轨和所 述输出固定轨之间的活动轨；所述输入固定轨设置于所述机架的一端，所述输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨和第二输出固定轨，所述第一输出固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨分别设置在所述机架的另一端；所述活动轨包括能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨的第一活动轨与能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨的第二活动轨；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨相互固定在一起，且均能以水平线为轴线转动，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度；可见，本发明实施例的用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，通过转动所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨变换轨道，变换轨道对接精确，减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损，更安全稳定。
本发明实施例的其他有益效果将在具体实施方式中结合具体技术方案进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置的示意图；
图2为图1的俯视示意图；
图3为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中三角架及活动轨的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中安装驱动装置的一端的局部示意图；
图5为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中未安装驱动装置的另一端的局部示意图；
图6为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中双作用液压缸的示意图；
图7为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中双向液压泵的示意图；
图8为本发明实施例矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置中螺栓和螺纹座连接的示意图；
图9为图8的正投影示意图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例记载中，除非另有说明和限定，术语“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是电连接，也可以是两个元件内部的连通，可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例中如有涉及的术语“第一\第二\第三”，仅是区别类似的对象，不代表针对对象的特定排序，可以理解地，“第一\第二\第三”在允许的情况下可以互换特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解“第一\第二\第三”区分的对象在适当情况下可以互换，以使这里描述的本发明的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。
本发明实施例提供了一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，所述装置包括机架、对接输入轨道的输入固定轨、对接输出轨道的输出固定轨和设置在所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨之间的活动轨；所述输入固定轨设置于所述机架的一端，所述输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨和第二输出固定轨，所述第一输出固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨分别设置在所述机架的另一端；所述活动轨包括能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨的第一活动轨、和能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨的第二活动轨；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨相互固定在一起，且均能以水平线为轴线转动，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度。
本发明实施例的用于单轨吊车的道岔装置是用于有两个岔路的轨道的，即一条输入轨，两条输出轨，能够理解，也可以是用于更多岔路的轨 道。
所述输入固定轨、第一输出固定轨和第二输出固定轨(以下将三者简称为固定轨)均用于连接输入轨道或输出轨道，因此设置有连接轨道的相关结构，所述相关结构可以是连接板。
本发明实施例的用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，通过转动所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨变换轨道，相比现有技术中的移动活动轨，变换轨道对接更精确，减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损，更安全稳定。由于两个输出轨道一般不是平行的，因此现有技术中的移动活动轨，往往是一种摆动，即移动轨迹是一条弧形，这样固定轨和活动轨之间存在偏折夹角缝隙，对接不够精确。而通过转动变换轨道，则不再存在这个问题。
另外，通过转动变换轨道，除了变换机构的动力，还有活动轨自身的重力，使活动轨在变化后的位置更稳定，不会在单轨吊车运行时移动，进一步减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括三角架，所述三角架包括对应所述输入轨道的输入端和对应所述输出轨道的输出端，所述输入端和所述输出端均设有轴头，所述三角架通过所述轴头可转动的安装于所述机架，所述机架设有与所述轴头配合的支承；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别固定于所述三角架的上方和下方，所述三角架转动时，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均以水平线为轴线转动。这样，更便于安装所述活动轨，也能对应两个岔路的轨道，结构也稳固。能够理解，采用其它形状也是可以的，例如可以是梯形。
在一种实施方式中，所述装置还包括驱动所述三角架转动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置在所述机架对应所述三角架的输入端或输出端中的任意一端。能够理解，手动扳也是可以的。
在一种实施方式中，所述机架还包括限制所述三角架转动的角度的限 位块，所述限位块位于所述三角架的转动半径范围内；所述第一活动轨同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨时，所述三角架的上表面抵靠所述限位块，所述第二活动轨同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨时，所述三角架的下表面抵靠所述限位块。这样，使活动轨转动停止后的位置更准确，便于与固定轨对接。能够理解，通过驱动装置设定转动角度，也能限制活动轨转动停止后的位置。
在一种实施方式中，所述活动轨在所述吊车行驶的方向均设有对接所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨的弧形段，所述弧形段的尺寸为预设。这样，活动轨和固定轨对接处是光滑连接，进一步减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损。所述光滑连接可以是直线和圆弧连接时，把直线作为圆弧所在圆的切线，连接点为切点的一种连接方式，不作详述。
在一种实施方式中，支承包括轴承座和滚动轴承，所述轴承座固定在所述机架上，所述滚动轴承的外圈固定于所述轴承座上，所述滚动轴承的内圈与所述三角架的轴头配合。滚动轴承是滚动摩擦，阻力小，不易卡住，而且润滑油比较密封，能长时间保持良好润滑，更适合如矿井下等恶劣条件；现有技术中的通过移动变换轨道，一般是滑动摩擦，阻力较大，容易卡住，且润滑油不够密封，润滑条件差。
在一种实施方式中，所述驱动装置为第一电机，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述三角架的轴头连接。具体地，所述第一电机为步进电机或伺服电机，这样不仅能驱动所述三角架转动，而且能精确控制所述三角架的转动角度，确保活动轨和固定轨对接正确。
在一种实施方式中，所述驱动装置包括双向液压泵、第一液压缸和第二液压缸，所述双向液压泵包括连接所述第一液压缸的第一出油口、和连接所述第二液压缸的第二出油口，所述第一液压缸和所述第二液压缸的活塞杆分别通过齿轮齿条机构与所述三角架的轴头连接；当所述双向液压泵 的第一出油口出油时，所述第一液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头顺时针转动；当所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油时，所述第二液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头逆时针转动。通过所述双向液压泵、所述第一液压缸和所述第二液压缸的活塞杆在内的液压系统，驱动所述三角架的轴头的转动，相比电机驱动，更稳定，故障率低。当然，上述仅提到双向液压泵的液压油出口，实际上，还需要回油口，即双向液压泵除了包括第一出油口和第二出油口外，还包括与所述第一出油口对应的第一回油口和与所述第二出油口对应的第二回油口，这是本领域技术人员都理解的，不再详述。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一液压缸和所述第二液压缸的活塞杆可以是同一个液压缸，即可以是一个双作用液压缸，这样，双向液压泵的管路设置也可以简化。
在一种实施方式中，所述驱动装置还包括驱动所述双向液压泵的第二电机，所述第二电机正转时，所述双向液压泵的第一出油口出油，所述第二电机反转时，所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油。这样，通过控制所述第二电机的正转或反转，即可控制所述活动轨的转动方向，控制更简便。
在一种实施方式中，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别通过多个连接部件固定于所述三角架，所述三角架的上表面和下表面均设有与所述连接部件配合的第一预设结构，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均设有与所述连接部件配合的第二预设结构。这里，所述连接部件可以是螺栓，所述第一预设结构可以是能固定所述螺栓头部的卡槽，所述第二预设结构可以是螺纹孔，这样结构简单，且拆卸方便；能够理解，所述连接部件也可以是其它部件，例如可以是工字钢，所述工字钢一端固定于所述第一活动轨或第二活动轨，另一端固定于所述三角架，固定的方式可以是螺纹。
以下结合附图及具体实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理 解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明实施例，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1、2所示，本实施例为一种矿井内用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，所述装置包括机架11、输入固定轨12、输出固定轨和活动轨；所述输入固定轨12设置于所述机架11的一端，所述输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨131和第二输出固定轨132，所述第一输出固定轨131和所述第二输出固定轨132分别设置在所述机架11的另一端；所述活动轨包括能同时对接所述输入固定轨12和所述第一输出固定轨131的第一活动轨141、与能同时对接所述输入固定轨12和所述第二输出固定轨132的第二活动轨142；所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142分别固定于三角架15的上方和下方，所述三角架15能以水平线为轴线转动，即所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度。
如图3所示，一种实现方式中，所述三角架15包括对应所述输入轨道的输入端和对应所述输出轨道的输出端，所述输入端和所述输出端均设有轴头151，所述三角架15通过所述轴头151可转动的安装于所述机架11，所述机架11两端均设有与所述轴头151配合的支承；具体地，为了便于安装，如图4所示，所述机架11一端的所述支承中安装有连接轴161，所述三角架15一端的轴头151和所述连接轴161相连接，所述三角架15另一端的轴头151直接连接到所述支承，这样，所述三角架15可以通过所述轴头151、所述连接轴161及所述支承相对于所述机架11转动；从图3可以看出，所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142均在所述三角架的右侧，这样，所述三角架15下方的第二活动轨142对接所述三角架15右侧的第一输出固定轨131；当所述第一活动轨141转动到所述三角架15下方时。所述第一活动轨141就位于所述三角架15的左侧，可以对接所述三角架15左侧的第二输出固定轨132，也就达到变换轨道的目的。
一种实现方式中，所述装置还包括驱动所述三角架15转动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置在所述机架11对应所述三角架15的输入端或输出端中的任意一端。
具体地，如图4、6、7所示，所述驱动装置包括双向液压泵171、双作用液压缸172，所述双向液压泵171包括两个分别连接所述双作用液压缸172的两个进油口的第一出油口173和第二出油口174，所述双作用液压缸172的活塞杆(未在图中示出)通过齿轮齿条机构(未在图中示出)与所述三角架15的轴头151连接；当所述双向液压泵171的第一出油口173出油时，所述双作用液压缸172左边的进油口进油，所述活塞杆向右移动，通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架15的轴头151顺时针转动；当所述双向液压泵171的第二出油口174出油时，所述双作用液压缸172右边的进油口进油，所述活塞杆向左移动，通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架15的轴头151逆时针转动。通过所述双向液压泵171和所述双作用液压缸172在内的液压系统，驱动所述三角架15的轴头151的转动，相比电机驱动，更稳定，故障率低。具体地，所述驱动装置是通过驱动连接轴161，进而带动所述轴头151的转动的。
具体地，所述双向液压泵171放置在一个液压箱体中，所述液压箱体中包括至少大半箱的液压油，图中示出的双向液压泵171实际是液压箱的外壳。
一种实现方式中，如图4、5所示，所述机架11还包括限制所述三角架15转动的角度的限位块181，所述限位块181位于所述三角架15的转动半径范围内；所述第一活动轨141同时对接所述输入固定轨12和所述第一输出固定轨131时，所述三角架15的上表面抵靠所述限位块181，所述第二活动轨142同时对接所述输入固定轨12和所述第二输出固定轨132时，所述三角架15的下表面抵靠所述限位块181。这样，使活动轨转动停止后 的位置更准确，便于与固定轨对接。
一种实现方式中，所述活动轨在所述单轨吊车行驶的方向均设有对接所述输入固定轨12和所述输出固定轨的弧形段，所述弧形段的尺寸为预设，即所述活动轨在单轨吊车的移动方向上是曲线。这样，活动轨和固定轨对接处是光滑连接，进一步减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损。
一种实现方式中，如图4、5所示，所述支承包括轴承座162和滚动轴承163，所述轴承座162固定在所述机架11上，所述滚动轴承163的外圈固定于所述轴承座162上，所述滚动轴承163的内圈与所述三角架15的轴头151配合。滚动轴承163是滚动摩擦，阻力小，不易卡住，而且润滑油比较密封，能长时间保持良好润滑，更适合如矿井下等恶劣条件。
一种实现方式中，如图4、7所示，所述驱动装置还包括驱动所述双向液压泵171的第二电机175，所述第二电机175正转时，所述双向液压泵171的第一出油口173出油，所述第二电机175反转时，所述双向液压泵171的第二出油口174出油。这样，通过控制所述第二电机175的正反转，即可控制所述活动轨的转动方向，控制更简便。
一种实现方式中，所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142可以分别通过多个连接部件固定于所述三角架15，如图8、9所示，所述连接部件为螺栓191，所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142分别通过多个螺栓191固定于所述三角架15，所述三角架15的上表面和下表面均设有与所述螺栓191配合的连接座192，所述第一活动轨141和所述第二活动轨142均设有与所述螺栓191配合的螺纹座193。这样连接方便，且拆卸方便；具体的装配方式可以是：先将连接座192固定于所述三角架15的上表面，再将螺纹座193固定于所述活动轨底部；然后将所述螺栓191套入两个螺母；将套入螺母的螺栓191的螺杆旋入所述螺纹座193并拧紧，同时将两个螺母中的第一螺母194拧紧，即第一螺母194的端面抵靠所述活动轨底部； 移动所述活动轨，将所述螺栓191的头部从侧面插入所述连接座192，由于螺栓191已连接到活动轨，即整个活动轨与所述三角架15连接，再将两个螺母中的第二螺母195拧紧，使第二螺母195的端面抵靠所述连接座192。这样结构简单，方便拆卸。
一种实现方式中，如图1、2所示，所述装置还包括连接板20，所述连接板20设置于所述输入固定轨12、第一输出固定轨131和第二输出固定轨132的端部，用于连接输入轨道或输出轨道。
一种实现方式中，如图4所示，所述装置还包括位置传感器21，所述位置传感器21设置于机架11上，当活动轨进行转动并与固定轨对接后，所述位置传感器21获取感应，如果活动轨的位置有偏差，没有转动到正确的位置，所述位置传感器21感应不到，会发出警报声音，并发出故障信号，所述故障信号会传回到司机室和中控室，通过中控室将道路上的信号灯自动变为禁止通行或亮起红灯，避免单轨吊车在行驶中受损，并通知检修人员，检修人员收到故障信号，进行检修。
另外，所述装置也可以不通过司机室或中控室控制道路上的信号灯，而是通过检修人员手动将控制道路的信号灯变为禁止通行或亮起红灯，并进行检修，这种情况适用于中控室的控制失灵或为简化所述中控室的控制系统。
一种实现方式中，如图1、2所示，所述装置还包括吊耳22，所述吊耳22用于将所述装置固定于所述煤矿巷道的顶壁。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
本发明实施例的用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，通过转动所述第一活动轨 和所述第二活动轨变换轨道，变换轨道对接精确，减少单轨吊车的颠簸和对单轨吊车的车轮的磨损，更安全稳定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于单轨吊车的道岔装置，所述装置包括机架、对接输入轨道的输入固定轨、对接输出轨道的输出固定轨和设置在所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨之间的活动轨；所述输入固定轨设置于所述机架的一端，所述输出固定轨包括第一输出固定轨和第二输出固定轨，所述第一输出固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨分别设置在所述机架的另一端；
    所述活动轨包括能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨的第一活动轨与能同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨的第二活动轨；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨相互固定在一起，且均能以水平线为轴线转动，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨的上轨面朝向在圆周方向相差180度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的道岔装置，其中，所述装置还包括三角架，所述三角架包括对应所述输入轨道的输入端和对应所述输出轨道的输出端，所述输入端和所述输出端均设有轴头，所述三角架通过所述轴头可转动的安装于所述机架，所述机架设有与所述轴头配合的支承；所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别固定于所述三角架的上方和下方，所述三角架转动时，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均以水平线为轴线转动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的道岔装置，其中，所述装置还包括驱动所述三角架转动的驱动装置，所述驱动装置设置在所述机架对应所述三角架的输入端或输出端中的任意一端。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的道岔装置，其中，所述机架还包括限制所述三角架转动的角度的限位块，所述限位块位于所述三角架的转动半径范围内；所述第一活动轨同时对接所述输入固定轨和所述第一输出固定轨时，所述三角架的上表面抵靠所述限位块，所述第二活动轨同时对接 所述输入固定轨和所述第二输出固定轨时，所述三角架的下表面抵靠所述限位块。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的道岔装置，其中，所述活动轨在所述吊车行驶的方向均设有对接所述输入固定轨和所述输出固定轨的弧形段，所述弧形段的尺寸为预设。
  6. 根据权利要求2至4任一项所述的道岔装置，其中，所述支承包括轴承座和滚动轴承，所述轴承座固定在所述机架上，所述滚动轴承的外圈固定于所述轴承座上，所述滚动轴承的内圈与所述三角架的轴头配合。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的道岔装置，其中，所述驱动装置为第一电机，所述第一电机的输出轴与所述三角架的轴头连接。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的道岔装置，其中，所述驱动装置包括双向液压泵、第一液压缸和第二液压缸，所述双向液压泵包括两个分别连接所述第一液压缸、所述第二液压缸的第一出油口和第二出油口，所述第一液压缸和所述第二液压缸的活塞杆分别通过齿轮齿条机构与所述三角架的轴头连接；
    当所述双向液压泵的第一出油口出油时，所述第一液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头顺时针转动；当所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油时，所述第二液压缸通过所述齿轮齿条机构驱动所述三角架的轴头逆时针转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的道岔装置，其中，所述驱动装置还包括驱动所述双向液压泵的第二电机，所述第二电机正转时，所述双向液压泵的第一出油口出油，所述第二电机反转时，所述双向液压泵的第二出油口出油。
  10. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的道岔装置，其中，所述第一 活动轨和所述第二活动轨分别通过多个连接部件固定于所述三角架，所述三角架的上表面和下表面均设有与所述连接部件配合的第一预设结构，所述第一活动轨和所述第二活动轨均设有与所述连接部件配合的第二预设结构。
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