WO2020168289A1 - Nasal spray compositions and related treatment methods - Google Patents

Nasal spray compositions and related treatment methods Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020168289A1
WO2020168289A1 PCT/US2020/018430 US2020018430W WO2020168289A1 WO 2020168289 A1 WO2020168289 A1 WO 2020168289A1 US 2020018430 W US2020018430 W US 2020018430W WO 2020168289 A1 WO2020168289 A1 WO 2020168289A1
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Prior art keywords
composition
mass
concentration
nasal spray
nasal
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PCT/US2020/018430
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French (fr)
Inventor
Gustavo Ferrer
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Ferrer Medical Innovations, LLC
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Priority to CA3159816A priority Critical patent/CA3159816A1/en
Priority to EP20754134.3A priority patent/EP3965886A4/en
Publication of WO2020168289A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020168289A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0043—Nose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4402—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof only substituted in position 2, e.g. pheniramine, bisacodyl
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/045—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates
    • A61K31/047—Hydroxy compounds, e.g. alcohols; Salts thereof, e.g. alcoholates having two or more hydroxy groups, e.g. sorbitol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
    • A61K31/137—Arylalkylamines, e.g. amphetamine, epinephrine, salbutamol, ephedrine or methadone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/13—Amines
    • A61K31/14—Quaternary ammonium compounds, e.g. edrophonium, choline
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
    • A61K31/58—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids containing heterocyclic rings, e.g. danazol, stanozolol, pancuronium or digitogenin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/75—Rutaceae (Rue family)
    • A61K36/752—Citrus, e.g. lime, orange or lemon
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/886—Aloeaceae (Aloe family), e.g. aloe vera
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
    • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/46—Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof, e.g. skin, bone, milk, cotton fibre, eggshell, oxgall or plant extracts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/08—Solutions

Definitions

  • compositions that may be used to treat various conditions including cold and allergy symptoms such as nasal drip, coughing, sneezing, sinusitis, and the like. Some embodiments and implementations may also provide an antiviral effect and/or be preventative of viral disease, either using chlorpheniramine individually or in combination with xylitol. In preferred embodiments and
  • the composition may be provided in the form of a nasal spray and/or be delivered into a subject’s nasal and/or sinus passages.
  • alternative embodiments and implementations may be made into suspensions, lozenges, tablets, capsules, topical formulations, and/or ingestible products, such as teas or other beverages, for example, or other liquid formulations that may be inserted into nasal passages other than in the form of a spray, such as drops.
  • the method may comprise method for treating a cold or allergy condition and restoring nasal flora in a human, which method may comprise the steps of identifying a human subject having a cold or allergy condition and obtaining a nasal spray composition comprising chlorpheniramine in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.4% and about 1 % by mass); xylitol in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass; and fluticasone propionate in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass.
  • the nasal spray composition may then be delivered into the human subject’s nasal passages.
  • the nasal spray composition may further comprise aloe vera.
  • the aloe vera may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
  • the nasal spray composition may further comprise at least one of benzalkonium chloride and grapefruit seed extract.
  • the step of delivering the nasal spray composition may comprise delivering 1 -2 sprays of the composition in each nostril every six, eight, or twelve hours.
  • the method may comprise identifying a human subject having a cold or allergy condition and obtaining a nasal spray
  • composition comprising an antihistamine comprising at least one of chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine.
  • the antihistamine may be present in a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred formulations, between about 0.25% and about 4% by mass).
  • the composition may further comprise a corticosteroid, which may be present in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass.
  • the composition may further comprise xylitol in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass.
  • the composition may be delivered into the human subject’s nasal passages.
  • the corticosteroid may comprise fluticasone propionate.
  • the fluticasone propionate may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1 % by mass.
  • the xylitol may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass.
  • the nasal spray composition may further comprise aloe vera, which, in some such implementations, may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
  • the composition may comprise an antihistamine, such as chlorpheniramine and/or diphenhydramine, which may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.25% and about 4%) by mass.
  • the composition may further comprise xylitol or another suitable non-hexose sugar alcohol. The xylitol and/or other sugar alcohol(s) may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass.
  • the xylitol and/or other sugar alcohol(s) may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass.
  • the composition may further comprise a corticosteroid, such as fluticasone propionate, which may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass.
  • fluticasone propionate may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass.
  • the antihistamine may comprise chlorpheniramine.
  • the chlorpheniramine may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.4 and about 1.0% by mass).
  • Some embodiments may further comprise aloe vera, which preferably may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 3.0% by mass.
  • the aloe vera may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.05% and about 2.0% by mass.
  • compositions that may be provided in nasal sprays and/or otherwise delivered into a subject’s nasal and/or sinus passages.
  • compositions, and preferred implementations of related methods may be used to treat various conditions including cold and allergy symptoms such as nasal drip, coughing, sneezing, sinusitis, and the like. Some embodiments may also allow for restoring and/or improving the natural flora of the nasal cavity to provide more long-lasting health improvements. However, it is anticipated that alternative embodiments and implementations may be made into suspensions, lozenges, tablets, capsules, topical formulations, and/or ingestible products, such as teas or other beverages, for example.
  • the three formulations involved in this protocol include one that comprises an agent used for blocking mucus production, such as azelastine hydrochloride, one that comprises an agent used for nasal drying, such as ipratropium bromide, and one that comprises a corticosteroid for decreasing inflammation, such as flunisolide.
  • these formulations are to be delivered with two sprays into each nostril twice daily for one month, after which the symptoms are reevaluated. If the symptoms have improved, the same regimen is continued for an additional two months, after which the dosage may be decreased to a single spray in each nostril twice daily, and then after an additional month to two months may be decreased again to a single spray in each nostril once daily.
  • this protocol suffers from a number of drawbacks and disadvantages. For example, it is rather cumbersome and requires a patient to obtain and/or mix several different ingredients and/or formulations. This can also lead to confusion, misinterpretation, and/or misuse of the protocol guidelines, which can cause poor performance, overdose, and increase the risk of unwanted side effects. In addition, several of the formulations and/or ingredients are unpleasant in taste and/or smell and can cause an undesirable aftertaste (azelastine hydrochloride), also limiting its usefulness in treating children.
  • the protocol is also rather expensive due to the various formulations involved. The protocol also has room for improvement in terms of efficacy. For example, the side effects can lead to dry nasal tissue, bacterial infections, and other side effects.
  • the formulation will be available over the counter and will provide for treatment of sinusitis, rhinitis, and otitis in a single composition that may replace, and improve upon, a full regimen of other nasal sprays.
  • compositions disclosed herein overcome many of these drawbacks and/or other drawbacks of the prior art by, in some preferred embodiments and/or treatment methods, combining the most desirable agents and concentrations into a single composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, and may include other ingredients for decreasing various side effects, such as xylitol or another non-hexose sugar alcohol, which may provide a number of benefits, such as inhibiting bacterial growth, fungal growth, decreasing undue nasal drying, enhancing anti-inflammatory benefits, and/or decreasing the unwanted aftertaste of the product.
  • xylitol or another non-hexose sugar alcohol which may provide a number of benefits, such as inhibiting bacterial growth, fungal growth, decreasing undue nasal drying, enhancing anti-inflammatory benefits, and/or decreasing the unwanted aftertaste of the product.
  • an antihistamine such as, in preferred embodiments, chlorpheniramine and/or diphenhydramine.
  • chlorpheniramine or another suitable antihistamine may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 0.25 and about 10% by mass (more preferably, between about 0.25 and about 4% by mass). In more preferred embodiments, the
  • chlorpheniramine or another suitable antihistamine may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 2% and about 3% by mass.
  • the concentration may be slightly less.
  • the concentration of diphenhydramine may be between about 1 % and about 2% by mass.
  • one or more corticosteroids or other intranasal steroids are included in the formulation.
  • mometasone, fluticasone propionate, fluticasone furoate, triamcinolone acetonide, and/or budesonide glucocorticoid may be included.
  • the corticosteroid may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 0.01 and about 3% by mass, and may comprise, for example, fluticasone propionate.
  • the fluticasone propionate may be present in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1 % by mass.
  • the fluticasone propionate may be present in a
  • xylitol or, alternatively, another non-hexose sugar alcohol, such as xylose, erythritol, ribose, and/or arabinose, may be included in the formulation.
  • xylitol or another such ingredient may provide a number of benefits and may provide a synergistic effect with the other ingredients of the
  • xylitol in particular has been shown to be very effective in moisturizing nasal passages and the like. Without being limited by theory, this is thought to occur because xylitol can create a hyper-osmotic solution that pulls moisture towards it from surrounding tissues without generated mucous.
  • the combination of xylitol, or other similar compositions disclosed herein may result in a decrease in mucous production, potentially along with accompanying anti-bacterial and other health benefits associated with xylitol and/or other similar agents.
  • Xylitol may also enhance the taste and/or reduce the negative smell/aftertaste issues commonly associated with prior art formulations. Moreover, by providing a sweetener that does not include sugar and serves as an active agent in the formulation, several benefits may be derived.
  • xylitol acts as a sweetener
  • xylitol enhances the ability of other agents to treat bacterial infections by actively starving the microorganisms causing the symptoms, rather than one that counteracts the active ingredients in a nasal spray or other treatment composition by feeding the microorganisms, or one that only passively starves the microorganisms by providing a sweetener that is not consumed by the more common oral and pharyngeal pathogens.
  • compositions including xylitol may result in improved ability to treat various symptoms that may be caused by microorganisms (along with other not caused by microorganisms) and, more importantly, to fight the bacterial and/or other microorganisms behind these symptoms.
  • xylitol or, alternatively, one of the other preferably non-hexose sugar alcohols disclosed herein, is present in a concentration of between about 5 and about 15% by mass. In more preferred formulations, xylitol may be present in a concentration of between about 10 and about 15% by mass. Although xylitol has been used as a sweetener in a variety of products, it should be noted that it is considered an active ingredient in the preferred formulations of the invention disclosed herein due to its moisturizing and/or antibacterial properties.
  • More preferred formulations may include various other ingredients, such as aloe vera. Including aloe vera, preferably along with xylitol, may enhance the synergistic effects referenced elsewhere herein. More particularly, aloe vera may provide a soothing, moisturizing, and/or cooling effect that may increase user compliance and/or may heal irritated tissue, such as nasal and/or sinus passages in preferred embodiments, which may be caused by, for example, repeated nose wiping, sneezing, nose blowing, and the like. In preferred formulations, aloe vera is present in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 3.0% by mass.
  • grapefruit seed extract may be included in the formulation in an amount between about 0.01 and about 3% by mass.
  • Glycerine if included, preferably ranges between about 0.05 and about 3% by mass.
  • benzalkonium chloride which may be a suitable substitute for grapefruit seed extract, may be present in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 0.2% by mass.
  • the remainder of the formulation may comprise (preferably purified) water.
  • purified water may be present in a range from about 80 to about 98% by mass. In some such formulations, the purified water may be present in a range from about 80 to about 90% by mass. In a more preferred
  • water may be present in a concentration of about 87.5%.
  • concentrations of the ingredients in these formulations may vary by around 5% from the concentrations provided herein.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like
  • the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • concentrations may vary by, for example, by about 5% in certain alternative embodiments and related methods.
  • one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods.
  • the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by, for example, by about 5% in certain alternative embodiments and related methods. Similarly, one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods. compos on, e compos on may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every twelve hours, preferably in the form of 1 - 2 sprays in each nostril.
  • the present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by 5% in certain alternative
  • the composition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril.
  • the present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by 5% in certain alternative
  • c omposition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril.
  • the present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
  • the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • the present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, allergy and/or cold symptoms, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • the composition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril.
  • the present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, allergy and/or cold symptoms, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • compositions for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • compositions preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
  • compositions disclosed herein may be administered via liquid drops from a dropper, topically (in some cases using a cotton swab or the like), orally, via a mister or atomizer, and/or via any other suitable manner of administration.
  • alternative compositions and treatment methods are contemplated in which the preferred nasal sprays may be replaced with
  • Any methods disclosed herein may comprise one or more steps or actions for performing the described method.
  • the method steps and/or actions may be
  • any reference to“one embodiment,”“an embodiment,” or“the embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment.
  • the quoted phrases, or variations thereof, as recited throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

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Abstract

Compositions for treatment of various nasal and/or sinus conditions, such as sinusitis, rhinitis, nasal drip, coughing, sneezing, cold, influenza, viral infections, and the like, along with related treatment methods. Certain compositions according to preferred embodiments of the invention may comprise one or more antihistamines, one or more corticosteroids, and xylitol. Some embodiments may further comprise aloe vera and/or various other optional ingredients, such as benzalkonium chloride and/or grapefruit seed extract.

Description

NASAL SPRAY COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED TREATMENT METHODS
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims the benefit under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/806,364, which was filed February 15, 2019 and titled “NASAL SPRAY COMPOSITIONS AND RELATED TREATMENT METHODS,” which is hereby incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
SUMMARY
[0002] Disclosed herein are various compositions that may be used to treat various conditions including cold and allergy symptoms such as nasal drip, coughing, sneezing, sinusitis, and the like. Some embodiments and implementations may also provide an antiviral effect and/or be preventative of viral disease, either using chlorpheniramine individually or in combination with xylitol. In preferred embodiments and
implementations of related methods, the composition may be provided in the form of a nasal spray and/or be delivered into a subject’s nasal and/or sinus passages. However, it is anticipated that alternative embodiments and implementations may be made into suspensions, lozenges, tablets, capsules, topical formulations, and/or ingestible products, such as teas or other beverages, for example, or other liquid formulations that may be inserted into nasal passages other than in the form of a spray, such as drops.
[0003] In a more particular example of a treatment method according to some implementations, the method may comprise method for treating a cold or allergy condition and restoring nasal flora in a human, which method may comprise the steps of identifying a human subject having a cold or allergy condition and obtaining a nasal spray composition comprising chlorpheniramine in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.4% and about 1 % by mass); xylitol in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass; and fluticasone propionate in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass. The nasal spray composition may then be delivered into the human subject’s nasal passages.
l [0004] In some implementations, the nasal spray composition may further comprise aloe vera. In some such implementations, the aloe vera may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
[0005] In some implementations, the nasal spray composition may further comprise at least one of benzalkonium chloride and grapefruit seed extract.
[0006] In some implementations, the step of delivering the nasal spray composition may comprise delivering 1 -2 sprays of the composition in each nostril every six, eight, or twelve hours.
[0007] In another specific example of a method for treating a cold or allergy condition in a human according to other implementations, the method may comprise identifying a human subject having a cold or allergy condition and obtaining a nasal spray
composition comprising an antihistamine comprising at least one of chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine. The antihistamine may be present in a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred formulations, between about 0.25% and about 4% by mass). The composition may further comprise a corticosteroid, which may be present in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass. The composition may further comprise xylitol in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass. The composition may be delivered into the human subject’s nasal passages.
[0008] In some implementations, the corticosteroid may comprise fluticasone propionate. In some such implementations, the fluticasone propionate may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1 % by mass.
[0009] In some implementations, the xylitol may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass.
[0010] In some implementations, the nasal spray composition may further comprise aloe vera, which, in some such implementations, may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
[0011] In an example of a composition, such as a nasal spray composition, which may be used for treatment of a cold or allergy condition, the composition may comprise an antihistamine, such as chlorpheniramine and/or diphenhydramine, which may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.25% and about 4%) by mass. The composition may further comprise xylitol or another suitable non-hexose sugar alcohol. The xylitol and/or other sugar alcohol(s) may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass. In some embodiments, the xylitol and/or other sugar alcohol(s) may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass. The composition may further comprise a corticosteroid, such as fluticasone propionate, which may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass.
[0012] In some embodiments, fluticasone propionate may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass.
[0013] In some embodiments, the antihistamine may comprise chlorpheniramine. In some such embodiments, the chlorpheniramine may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 10% by mass (in more preferred compositions, between about 0.4 and about 1.0% by mass).
[0014] Some embodiments may further comprise aloe vera, which preferably may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 3.0% by mass. In some such embodiments, the aloe vera may be present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.05% and about 2.0% by mass.
[0015] The features, structures, steps, or characteristics disclosed herein in connection with one embodiment or implementation may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more alternative embodiments or implementations. It should also be understood that any reference to a detail associated with an“embodiment” may be incorporated into and/or used with an“implementation,” and vice versa.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] Disclosed herein are various compositions that may be provided in nasal sprays and/or otherwise delivered into a subject’s nasal and/or sinus passages.
Preferred embodiments of such compositions, and preferred implementations of related methods, may be used to treat various conditions including cold and allergy symptoms such as nasal drip, coughing, sneezing, sinusitis, and the like. Some embodiments may also allow for restoring and/or improving the natural flora of the nasal cavity to provide more long-lasting health improvements. However, it is anticipated that alternative embodiments and implementations may be made into suspensions, lozenges, tablets, capsules, topical formulations, and/or ingestible products, such as teas or other beverages, for example.
[0017] Research has indicated that use of a nasal saline alone is insufficient for the treatment of various symptoms associated with allergies and chronic sinusitis and/or rhinitis. Other treatment options and/or protocols have been tried, such as a protocol that combines saline and three other nasal spray formulations. This protocol involves using the nasal saline twice daily to cleanse the nasal passages and prepare them for delivery of the other sprays.
[0018] The three formulations involved in this protocol include one that comprises an agent used for blocking mucus production, such as azelastine hydrochloride, one that comprises an agent used for nasal drying, such as ipratropium bromide, and one that comprises a corticosteroid for decreasing inflammation, such as flunisolide. According to the protocol, these formulations are to be delivered with two sprays into each nostril twice daily for one month, after which the symptoms are reevaluated. If the symptoms have improved, the same regimen is continued for an additional two months, after which the dosage may be decreased to a single spray in each nostril twice daily, and then after an additional month to two months may be decreased again to a single spray in each nostril once daily.
[0019] Although effective, this protocol suffers from a number of drawbacks and disadvantages. For example, it is rather cumbersome and requires a patient to obtain and/or mix several different ingredients and/or formulations. This can also lead to confusion, misinterpretation, and/or misuse of the protocol guidelines, which can cause poor performance, overdose, and increase the risk of unwanted side effects. In addition, several of the formulations and/or ingredients are unpleasant in taste and/or smell and can cause an undesirable aftertaste (azelastine hydrochloride), also limiting its usefulness in treating children. The protocol is also rather expensive due to the various formulations involved. The protocol also has room for improvement in terms of efficacy. For example, the side effects can lead to dry nasal tissue, bacterial infections, and other side effects. Preferably, the formulation will be available over the counter and will provide for treatment of sinusitis, rhinitis, and otitis in a single composition that may replace, and improve upon, a full regimen of other nasal sprays.
[0020] The preferred compositions disclosed herein overcome many of these drawbacks and/or other drawbacks of the prior art by, in some preferred embodiments and/or treatment methods, combining the most desirable agents and concentrations into a single composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, and may include other ingredients for decreasing various side effects, such as xylitol or another non-hexose sugar alcohol, which may provide a number of benefits, such as inhibiting bacterial growth, fungal growth, decreasing undue nasal drying, enhancing anti-inflammatory benefits, and/or decreasing the unwanted aftertaste of the product.
[0021] In most preferred compositions, an antihistamine is provided, such as, in preferred embodiments, chlorpheniramine and/or diphenhydramine. The
chlorpheniramine or another suitable antihistamine may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 0.25 and about 10% by mass (more preferably, between about 0.25 and about 4% by mass). In more preferred embodiments, the
chlorpheniramine or another suitable antihistamine may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 2% and about 3% by mass.
[0022] In certain embodiments of formulations comprising diphenhydramine, the concentration may be slightly less. For example, in some such embodiments, the concentration of diphenhydramine may be between about 1 % and about 2% by mass.
[0023] Preferably, one or more corticosteroids or other intranasal steroids are included in the formulation. For example, in preferred embodiments, mometasone, fluticasone propionate, fluticasone furoate, triamcinolone acetonide, and/or budesonide glucocorticoid may be included. The corticosteroid may be present in the formulation in a concentration between about 0.01 and about 3% by mass, and may comprise, for example, fluticasone propionate. In some such formulations, the fluticasone propionate may be present in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1 % by mass. In more preferred formulations, the fluticasone propionate may be present in a
concentration of about 0.05% by mass.
[0024] In most preferred compositions, xylitol or, alternatively, another non-hexose sugar alcohol, such as xylose, erythritol, ribose, and/or arabinose, may be included in the formulation. Including xylitol or another such ingredient may provide a number of benefits and may provide a synergistic effect with the other ingredients of the
formulation. Xylitol in particular has been shown to be very effective in moisturizing nasal passages and the like. Without being limited by theory, this is thought to occur because xylitol can create a hyper-osmotic solution that pulls moisture towards it from surrounding tissues without generated mucous. Thus, the combination of xylitol, or other similar compositions disclosed herein, may result in a decrease in mucous production, potentially along with accompanying anti-bacterial and other health benefits associated with xylitol and/or other similar agents.
[0025] Xylitol may also enhance the taste and/or reduce the negative smell/aftertaste issues commonly associated with prior art formulations. Moreover, by providing a sweetener that does not include sugar and serves as an active agent in the formulation, several benefits may be derived. For example, although xylitol acts as a sweetener, unlike typical sweeteners, xylitol enhances the ability of other agents to treat bacterial infections by actively starving the microorganisms causing the symptoms, rather than one that counteracts the active ingredients in a nasal spray or other treatment composition by feeding the microorganisms, or one that only passively starves the microorganisms by providing a sweetener that is not consumed by the more common oral and pharyngeal pathogens. Thus, compositions including xylitol may result in improved ability to treat various symptoms that may be caused by microorganisms (along with other not caused by microorganisms) and, more importantly, to fight the bacterial and/or other microorganisms behind these symptoms.
[0026] Preferably, xylitol or, alternatively, one of the other preferably non-hexose sugar alcohols disclosed herein, is present in a concentration of between about 5 and about 15% by mass. In more preferred formulations, xylitol may be present in a concentration of between about 10 and about 15% by mass. Although xylitol has been used as a sweetener in a variety of products, it should be noted that it is considered an active ingredient in the preferred formulations of the invention disclosed herein due to its moisturizing and/or antibacterial properties.
[0027] More preferred formulations may include various other ingredients, such as aloe vera. Including aloe vera, preferably along with xylitol, may enhance the synergistic effects referenced elsewhere herein. More particularly, aloe vera may provide a soothing, moisturizing, and/or cooling effect that may increase user compliance and/or may heal irritated tissue, such as nasal and/or sinus passages in preferred embodiments, which may be caused by, for example, repeated nose wiping, sneezing, nose blowing, and the like. In preferred formulations, aloe vera is present in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 3.0% by mass.
[0028] Even more preferred formulations may include other ingredients, such as grapefruit see extract, benzalkonium chloride, and/or glycerine, preferably along with purified water. Thus, in some such embodiments, grapefruit seed extract may be included in the formulation in an amount between about 0.01 and about 3% by mass. Glycerine, if included, preferably ranges between about 0.05 and about 3% by mass. In embodiments comprising benzalkonium chloride, which may be a suitable substitute for grapefruit seed extract, may be present in a concentration of between about 0.05 and about 0.2% by mass. The remainder of the formulation may comprise (preferably purified) water. In some formulations, purified water may be present in a range from about 80 to about 98% by mass. In some such formulations, the purified water may be present in a range from about 80 to about 90% by mass. In a more preferred
formulation, water may be present in a concentration of about 87.5%.
[0029] Additional more specific and, generally speaking, more preferred,
embodiments of the invention are disclosed below. Although these formulations have very specific ingredients and concentrations, it should be understood that the
concentrations of the ingredients in these formulations may vary by around 5% from the concentrations provided herein.
Example 1
[0030] In a more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by, for example, by about 5% in certain alternative embodiments and related methods. Similarly, one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods.
Figure imgf000009_0001
cav y every we ve ours, pre era y n the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 2
[0032] In a more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by, for example, by about 5% in certain alternative embodiments and related methods. Similarly, one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods.
Figure imgf000010_0001
compos on, e compos on may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every twelve hours, preferably in the form of 1 - 2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 3
[0034] In another more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by 5% in certain alternative
embodiments and related methods. Similarly, one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods.
Figure imgf000011_0001
xamp e , n cer a n implementations of treatment methods involving this composition, the composition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 4
[0036] In another more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below. However, as mentioned above, these concentrations may vary by 5% in certain alternative
embodiments and related methods. Similarly, one or more of these ingredients may be omitted and/or replaced with an alternative substantially similar ingredient in still other embodiments and related methods.
c
Figure imgf000012_0001
omposition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa, reducing inflammation, and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, acute or chronic sinusitis and related conditions, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 5
[0038] In another more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
Figure imgf000013_0001
be delivered into a subject s nasal cavity every twelve hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, allergy and/or cold symptoms, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 6
[0040] In yet another more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
[0041] In certain
Figure imgf000013_0002
implementations of treatment methods involving this composition, the composition may be delivered into a subject’s nasal cavity every four to six hours, preferably in the form of 1 -2 sprays in each nostril. The present inventor has found that doing so is highly effective in drying the nasal mucosa and/or restoring the natural, nasal flora. It can therefore be used to treat, for example, allergy and/or cold symptoms, including nasal drip, cough, and nasal dryness.
Example 7
[0042] In yet another even more particular example of a composition, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
Figure imgf000014_0001
Example 8
[0043] In another example of a composition according to other embodiments, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
Figure imgf000015_0001
Example 9
[0044] In still another example of a composition according to other embodiments, preferably in the form of a nasal spray, for treating various symptoms associated with allergies, sinusitis, colds, and the like, the composition may comprise the following ingredients in at least approximately the concentrations (by mass) presented in the chart below.
Figure imgf000015_0002
[0045] It will be understood by those having skill in the art that changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles presented herein. For example, the compositions disclosed herein may be administered via liquid drops from a dropper, topically (in some cases using a cotton swab or the like), orally, via a mister or atomizer, and/or via any other suitable manner of administration. In addition, alternative compositions and treatment methods are contemplated in which the preferred nasal sprays may be replaced with
suspensions, lozenges, tablets, capsules, topical formulations, and/or ingestible products, such as teas or other beverages, for example. In addition, any suitable combination of various embodiments, or the features thereof, is contemplated.
[0046] Any methods disclosed herein may comprise one or more steps or actions for performing the described method. The method steps and/or actions may be
interchanged with one another. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is required for proper operation of the embodiment, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified.
[0047] Throughout this specification, any reference to“one embodiment,”“an embodiment,” or“the embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the quoted phrases, or variations thereof, as recited throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
[0048] Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the above description of
embodiments, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single
embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the
disclosure. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that any claim require more features than those expressly recited in that claim. Rather, inventive aspects lie in a combination of fewer than all features of any single foregoing disclosed embodiment. It will be apparent to those having skill in the art that changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles set forth herein.
[0049] Likewise, benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to various embodiments. However, benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any benefit, advantage, or solution to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, a required, or an essential feature or element. The scope of the present invention should, therefore, be determined only by the following claims.

Claims

1. A method for treating a cold, influenza, viral infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, or allergy condition and restoring nasal flora in a human, the method comprising the steps of:
identifying a human subject having a cold influenza, viral infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, or allergy condition;
obtaining a nasal spray composition, the nasal spray composition comprising:
chlorpheniramine in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 10% by mass;
xylitol in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass; and
fluticasone propionate in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass; and
delivering the nasal spray composition into the human subject’s nasal passages.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nasal spray composition further comprises aloe vera.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the aloe vera is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the nasal spray composition further comprises at least one of benzalkonium chloride and grapefruit seed extract.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the step of delivering the nasal spray composition comprises delivering 1 -2 sprays of the composition in each nostril every six, eight, or twelve hours.
6. A method for treating a cold, influenza, viral infection, rhinitis, sinusitis, or allergy condition in a human, the method comprising the steps of:
identifying a human subject having a cold or allergy condition;
obtaining a nasal spray composition, the nasal spray composition comprising:
an antihistamine comprising at least one of chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine, the antihistamine comprising a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% by mass;
a corticosteroid in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass; and
xylitol in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass; and
delivering the nasal spray composition into the human subject’s nasal passages.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the corticosteroid comprises fluticasone propionate.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the fluticasone propionate is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1 % by mass.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the xylitol is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the nasal spray composition further comprises aloe vera.
11. The method of claim 10, wherein the aloe vera is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 2%.
12. A nasal spray composition for treatment of a cold or allergy condition, the composition comprising:
an antihistamine comprising at least one of chlorpheniramine and diphenhydramine, the antihistamine comprising a concentration of between about 0.25% and about 10% by mass;
xylitol in a concentration of between about 5% and about 15% by mass; and
a corticosteroid in a concentration of between about 0.01 % and about 3% by mass.
13. The nasal spray composition of claim 12, wherein the corticosteroid comprises fluticasone propionate.
14. The nasal spray composition of claim 13, wherein the fluticasone propionate is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.03% and about 1.0% by mass.
15. The nasal spray composition of claim 12, wherein the xylitol is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 10% and about 15% by mass.
16. The nasal spray composition of claim 12, wherein the antihistamine comprises chlorpheniramine.
17. The nasal spray composition of claim 16, wherein the chlorpheniramine is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.4% and about 1.0% by mass.
18. The nasal spray composition of claim 12, further comprising aloe vera.
19. The nasal spray composition of claim 18, wherein the aloe vera is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.02% and about 3.0% by mass.
20. The nasal spray composition of claim 19, wherein the aloe vera is present in the composition in a concentration of between about 0.05% and about 2.0% by mass.
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