WO2020140429A1 - 轮组结构、转向架及车辆 - Google Patents

轮组结构、转向架及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020140429A1
WO2020140429A1 PCT/CN2019/098690 CN2019098690W WO2020140429A1 WO 2020140429 A1 WO2020140429 A1 WO 2020140429A1 CN 2019098690 W CN2019098690 W CN 2019098690W WO 2020140429 A1 WO2020140429 A1 WO 2020140429A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
push rod
wheel set
set structure
wheel
locking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/098690
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
穆凤军
徐世锋
邵文东
王厂
刘振明
许善超
Original Assignee
中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司
Publication of WO2020140429A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020140429A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F7/00—Rail vehicles equipped for use on tracks of different width

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular, to a wheel set structure, bogie, and vehicle.
  • variable gauge wheel sets can effectively solve the straight-through operation in different intervals of gauge. It can eliminate the need for passengers to change passengers, and the cargo does not need to be changed.
  • the vehicle can automatically change the gauge through the ground facilities during operation, which can greatly improve the transportation efficiency.
  • the wheels can move laterally on the axle.
  • a spring force acts on the inclined surface of the unlocking disc to squeeze the protrusions on the shrapnel into the V-ring grooves of the wheels.
  • Unable to move radially at this time, the wheels are fixed laterally to the axle, keeping the distance between the two wheels fixed (matching the gauge).
  • the unlocking guide rail on the ground squeezes the unlocking disc to the left and moves to the left, and the unlocking disc moves obliquely to the left to release the squeezing of the protrusion of the shrapnel to complete unlocking.
  • the wheel moves laterally under the action of the wheel guide, and the radial movement of the shrapnel comes out of a V-ring groove of the wheel.
  • the unlocking guide gradually releases the unlocking disc, and the unlocking disc gradually moves to the right under the action of the spring ,
  • the slanting surface of the unlocking disc squeezes the protrusion on the shrapnel into the other V-ring groove of the wheel to complete the locking. Since the shrapnel needs to be deformed to lock and release in the whole process, damage will occur under long-term use, which directly affects the normal track change of the track gauge wheelset.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wheel set structure, a bogie, and a vehicle to solve the problem that the shrapnel of the wheel set structure in the prior art is easily damaged.
  • a wheel set structure including: a rotating shaft; a wheel body, the wheel body is disposed on the rotating shaft; a locking portion, the locking portion has a limit contact with the wheel body A first position and a second position spaced from the wheel body; a drive assembly, the drive assembly is drivingly connected to the locking portion to drive the locking portion to move between the first position and the second position.
  • the driving assembly includes: a push rod portion that is movably disposed with respect to the rotating shaft, and the push rod portion is drivingly connected with the locking portion to drive the locking portion to move in a direction close to or away from the wheel body.
  • the locking portion is provided with a penetration hole, and the push rod portion is penetrated in the penetration hole, so that when the push rod portion moves relative to the penetration hole, the push rod portion drives the locking portion to move.
  • the extending direction of the through hole and the axial direction of the rotating shaft have a first preset included angle, and the first predetermined included angle is an acute angle; wherein, the push rod portion is movably provided along the axial direction of the rotating shaft to drive The locking part moves in the radial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the driving assembly further includes an elastic piece, the elastic piece is disposed on the push rod portion, and the elastic piece contacts the hole wall of the through hole to prevent a gap between the push rod portion and the through hole.
  • the shrapnel includes a fixed segment and a free segment, the fixed segment is connected with the push rod part, at least part of the free segment is spaced apart from the push rod part; wherein, the free segment is connected with the fixed segment, and the free segment is rotatable relative to the fixed segment It is arranged so that after the free section is penetrated in the penetration hole, the free section is in contact with the hole wall of the penetration hole.
  • the wheel set structure further includes: a limit portion, the limit portion is fixedly disposed relative to the rotating shaft, a limit position hole is provided on the limit portion, and a locking portion is provided in the limit hole, so that the push rod portion drives the locking portion Move along the extension of the limit hole.
  • the driving assembly further includes: an unlocking disc, the unlocking disc is connected to the push rod part, and the unlocking disc is used to contact the unlocking driving part, so that the unlocking driving part drives the push rod part to move through the unlocking disc.
  • the driving assembly further includes: a sleeve hub, the sleeve hub is sleeved on the rotating shaft; a sleeve, the sleeve is connected with the sleeve hub, an unlocking disc is sleeved on the sleeve, and can be along the axial direction of the sleeve Mobile setting; the return spring, one end of the return spring is in contact with the sleeve, the other end of the return spring is in contact with the unlocking disc, so that after the unlocking disc is separated from the unlocking drive part, the return spring drives the push rod part to move and push The lever portion drives the locking portion to move from the second position to the first position.
  • the unlocking disc is provided with a first connecting part
  • the sleeve is provided with a second connecting part adapted to the first connecting part, the first connecting part is connected with the second connecting part, so that the unlocking disc is opposite to the
  • the sleeve is fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the sleeve.
  • the unlocking disc includes: a body portion connected to the push rod portion; a wear pad connected to a side of the body portion facing away from the push rod portion, the wear pad being used to contact the unlock driving portion.
  • a mounting groove is provided on the body part, and a mounting protrusion is provided on the wear pad, and the mounting protrusion is connected to the mounting groove; wherein, the mounting protrusion is an elastic structure, the mounting groove is an expansion structure, and the mounting groove is along the groove of the mounting groove The mouth gradually expands in the direction of the groove bottom of the installation groove.
  • the wheel body is provided with a stop groove, and the locking portion moves in a direction approaching or away from the stop groove, so that the locking portion has a first position locked in the stop groove and disengaged from the stop groove Second position.
  • the wheel set structure further includes: a dust seat, the dust seat sleeve is disposed on the rotating shaft and is connected to the wheel body; a bushing, the bushing is disposed between the rotating shaft and the wheel body; wherein, one end of the bushing is The dust seat is in limited contact to restrict the bushing from escaping from the wheel body.
  • a bogie including a wheel set structure, the wheel set structure being the aforementioned wheel set structure.
  • a vehicle including a bogie, which is the bogie described above.
  • the wheel set structure of the present invention can realize the locking and releasing of the wheel body by the locking part through the driving component driving the locking part.
  • the locking part comes into contact with the wheel body limit, and at this time, the wheel body and the rotating shaft are axially fixed.
  • the drive assembly drives the locking portion to release the wheel body, and at this time, the wheel body is movable along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the wheel set structure of the present invention directly locks and releases the wheel body through the driving component directly driving the locking part.
  • the locking part only needs to be moved in the whole process, and the driving component does not cause damage to the locking part.
  • the elastic pieces in the prior art are locked and released by deformation, and the locking portion of the present invention is more stable and reliable in structure, which solves the problem that the elastic pieces of the wheel set structure in the prior art are easily damaged.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of a wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a driving assembly of a wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of the cooperation between the push rod part and the locking part of the wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the limiting portion of the wheel set structure according to the present invention from a first perspective
  • FIG. 6 shows a second perspective structural view of the limiting portion of the wheel set structure according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a sectional structure of a wheel body and a sleeve hub according to the wheel set structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a wheel body according to the wheel set structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural view of the wheel body of the wheel set structure according to the present invention from a first perspective
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic structural view of the wheel body of the wheel set structure according to the present invention from a second perspective
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic sectional view of the sleeve hub of the wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic structural view of the sleeve hub of the wheel set structure according to the present invention from a first perspective
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic structural view of the sleeve hub of the wheel set structure according to the present invention from a second perspective;
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic structural view of the body portion of the unlocking disc according to the wheel set structure of the present invention
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the cooperation structure of the unlocking disk and the sleeve of the wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 17 shows a partially enlarged schematic structural view of the cooperation between the unlocking disc and the sleeve of the wheel set structure according to the present invention
  • FIG. 18 shows a partial structural diagram of an unlocking disk according to the wheel set structure of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a wheel set structure, please refer to FIGS. 1 to 18, the wheel set structure includes: a rotating shaft 10; a wheel body 20, the wheel body 20 is disposed on the rotating shaft 10; a locking portion 40, the locking portion 40 has The first position where the wheel body 20 is in limited contact and the second position spaced from the wheel body 20; the drive assembly 30, which is drivingly connected with the locking portion 40 to drive the locking portion 40 in the first position and the second position Movement between positions.
  • the locking part 40 can be locked and released by the locking part 40 on the wheel body 20 through the driving assembly 30 driving the locking part 40.
  • the locking portion 40 is in limited contact with the wheel body 20, and at this time, the wheel body 20 and the rotating shaft 10 are axially fixed.
  • the driving assembly 30 drives the locking portion 40 to release the wheel body 20.
  • the wheel body 20 is movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10.
  • the wheel assembly structure of the present invention directly drives the locking portion 40 through the driving assembly 30 to achieve locking and releasing of the wheel body 20, the locking portion 40 only needs to move during the whole process, and the driving assembly 30 does not lock the locking portion 40 causes damage.
  • the locking portion 40 of the present invention is more stable and reliable in structure, and solves the problem that the shrapnel of the wheel set structure in the prior art is easily damaged.
  • the driving assembly 30 includes: a push rod portion 31 that is movably disposed relative to the rotating shaft 10
  • the push rod portion 31 is drivingly connected to the locking portion 40 to drive the locking portion 40 to move toward or away from the wheel body 20.
  • the push rod portion 31 is provided on the driving assembly 30, and the push rod portion 31 is movably provided relative to the rotating shaft 10, so that when the push rod portion 31 moves, the push rod portion 31 can be driven and locked
  • the portion 40 moves in a direction close to or away from the wheel body 20, thereby locking and releasing the wheel body 20.
  • the angle between the moving direction of the push rod portion 31 and the moving direction of the locking portion 40 is 90 degrees, that is, the push rod portion 31 moves in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, and the locking portion 40 moves along The rotating shaft 10 moves in the radial direction.
  • the locking portion 40 is provided with a through hole 41, and the push rod portion 31 is inserted into the through hole 41, so that when the push rod portion 31 moves relative to the through hole 41, the push rod portion 31 drives and locks Section 40 moves.
  • the extending direction of the through hole 41 and the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10 have a first preset included angle, and the first preset included angle is an acute angle; wherein, the push rod portion 31 is movably provided in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10 to drive the locking portion 40 to move in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 10.
  • the extending direction of the through hole 41 is inclined to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, so that when the push rod portion 31 moves along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, the push rod portion 31 can drive the locking portion 40 along Or move away from the wheel body 20.
  • the locking portion 40 moves in the radial direction of the rotating shaft 10 or in a direction inclined to the radial direction of the rotating shaft 10, that is, between the moving direction of the push rod portion 31 and the moving direction of the locking portion 40
  • the included angle is not 90 degrees.
  • the driving assembly 30 further includes: an elastic piece 32, the elastic piece 32 is disposed on the push rod portion 31, the elastic piece 32 and the hole of the through hole 41 The walls are in contact to prevent a gap between the push rod portion 31 and the penetration hole 41.
  • the elastic rod 32 is provided on the push rod portion 31, so that the elastic blade 32 can close the gap between the push rod portion 31 and the through hole 41, that is, the push rod portion 31 and the elastic blade 32 are combined
  • the filling hole 41 is filled to prevent the locking portion 40 from moving relative to the push rod portion 31 under normal circumstances.
  • the elastic piece 32 since the elastic piece 32 has an elastic structure, on the basis of ensuring the closure of the through hole 41, it does not affect its movement relative to the through hole 41.
  • the shrapnel 32 includes a fixed section 321 and a free section 322, the fixed section 321 is connected to the push rod portion 31, and at least part of the free section 322 is spaced apart from the push rod portion 31;
  • the segments 321 are connected, and the free segment 322 is rotatably disposed relative to the fixed segment 321, so that after the free segment 322 is threaded in the threading hole 41, the free segment 322 contacts the hole wall of the threading hole 41.
  • the fixed section 321 is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the free section 322 is relatively inclined to the fixed section 321, so as to adapt to the structure of the push rod portion 31.
  • the wheel set structure further includes: a limiting portion 50, the limiting portion 50 is fixedly disposed relative to the rotating shaft 10, and a limited position is provided on the limiting portion 50
  • the hole 51 and the locking portion 40 are provided in the limiting hole 51, so that the push rod portion 31 drives the locking portion 40 to move in the extending direction of the limiting hole 51.
  • the setting of the limiting portion 50 can ensure that the locking portion 40 moves along the extending direction of the limiting hole 51, thereby ensuring that the locking portion 40 and the wheel body 20 are reliably in contact with each other.
  • the position-limiting portion 50 is provided with an escape groove 52 that is opposite to the push rod portion 31 to prevent the push-rod portion 31 from contacting the limit portion 50.
  • the avoidance groove 52 is an inclined groove, that is, inclined downward with respect to the horizontal direction.
  • the driving assembly 30 further includes: an unlocking disk 33 connected to the push rod portion 31, the unlocking disk 33 being used to contact the unlock driving portion 100 to allow the unlock driving portion 100 to pass The unlocking disk 33 drives the push rod portion 31 to move.
  • the unlocking driving part 100 drives the push rod part 31 to move through the unlocking disc 33, so that the push rod part 31 drives the locking part 40 to move from the first position to the second position.
  • the driving assembly 30 further includes: a sleeve hub 34, the sleeve hub 34 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 10; a sleeve 35, the sleeve 35 is connected to the sleeve hub 34, and an unlocking disk 33 is sleeved on the sleeve 35 And is movably provided in the axial direction of the sleeve 35; a return spring 36, one end of the return spring 36 abuts the sleeve 35, and the other end of the return spring 36 abuts the unlocking disk 33 to disengage from the unlocking disk 33
  • the return spring 36 drives the push rod part 31 to move through the unlocking disc 33, and the push rod part 31 drives the locking part 40 to move from the second position to the first position.
  • the return spring 36 pushes the unlocking disk 33 to return to the original position, so that the push rod can be made
  • the portion 31 drives the locking portion 40 to move from the second position to the first position.
  • the unlocking disk 33 is provided with a first connection portion 331, and the sleeve 35 is provided with a first connection portion 331 adapted to The second connection portion 351 and the first connection portion 331 are connected to the second connection portion 351 so that the unlocking disk 33 is fixedly disposed in the circumferential direction of the sleeve 35 relative to the sleeve 35.
  • the first connection portion 331 is a protrusion and the second connection portion 351 is a groove; or, the first connection portion 331 is a groove and the second connection portion 351 is a protrusion.
  • the unlocking disk 33 includes: a body portion 332 connected to the push rod portion 31; a wear pad 333 connected to the side of the body portion 332 facing away from the push rod portion 31, The wear pad 333 is for contacting with the unlocking driving part 100.
  • the wear pad 333 is provided on the body portion 332 to prevent the unlocking drive portion 100 from directly contacting the body portion 332, thereby causing wear.
  • the body part 332 is provided with a mounting groove 334
  • the wear pad 333 is provided with a mounting protrusion 335
  • the mounting protrusion 335 is connected to the mounting groove 334 ;
  • the installation protrusion 335 is an elastic structure
  • the installation groove 334 is an expansion structure
  • the installation groove 334 gradually expands in the direction of the groove opening of the installation groove 334 to the groove bottom of the installation groove 334.
  • the mounting protrusion 335 on the wear pad 333 is installed into the mounting groove 334 by deformation.
  • the wear pad 333 may be a whole, or may include a plurality of sub-wear pads, and the plurality of sub-wear pads are spliced to form a wear pad 333.
  • the wheel body 20 is provided with a stop groove 21, and the locking portion 40 moves in a direction approaching or away from the stop groove 21, so that the locking portion 40 has a first position locked in the stop groove 21 and The second position disengaged from the stop groove 21.
  • the stop groove 21 is an annular groove, and there are a plurality of locking portions 40.
  • the plurality of locking portions 40 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the wheel body 20.
  • the push rod portion 31 is a plurality of
  • the lever portion 31 is provided corresponding to the plurality of locking portions 40 one by one.
  • the wheel set structure further includes: a dust seat 110, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 10 and connected to the wheel body 20; a bush 120, a bush 120 is disposed between the rotating shaft 10 and the wheel body 20; wherein, one end of the bush 120 is in limit contact with the dust seat 110 to restrict the bush 120 from detaching from the wheel body 20.
  • the dustproof seat 110 can provide a dustproof effect, and the bushing 120 can be activated and stopped.
  • the wheel set structure of the present invention is a variable gauge wheel set, which includes a wheel (wheel body 20), an axle (rotation shaft 10), a bush 120, a locking device, an inner dust cover (outer guard 37) ) And the outer dust seat (dust seat 110).
  • the locking device includes a locking pin box (limiting portion 50), a locking pin (locking portion 40), a control lever (push rod portion 31), an elastic piece 32, a return spring (return spring 36), a sleeve 35, a sleeve The cylinder hub 34, the unlocking disk 33, and the wear pad 333.
  • the wheel is mounted on the axle, and a bush 120 is added between the wheel and the axle, and the wheel can move left and right on the axle.
  • the sleeve hub 34 is mounted on the axle inside the wheel and has an interference fit with the axle.
  • the sleeve 35 is mounted on the sleeve hub 34, and the two are bolted together.
  • the unlocking disk 33 is sleeved on the sleeve 35.
  • the control lever is installed on the vertical side of the unlocking disc and is connected with bolts.
  • the spring piece 32 is bolted to the lower part of the lever shaft.
  • the locking pin box is installed on the vertical side of the sleeve 35 and is connected with bolts.
  • the inclined face of the locking pin (through hole 41) is sleeved on the inclined plane composed of the control rod, with the cone head downward and inserted into the locking pin box.
  • One end of the inner dust cover is bolted to the facade of the unlocking disc, and the other end is bolted to the wheel spoke plate.
  • the inner dust cover has a certain elasticity, which can ensure that the entire locking device does not enter foreign objects during operation.
  • One end of the outer dust seat is connected with the wheel hub by bolts, and the other end is covered between the bearing and the wheel to ensure the cleanliness between the wheel and the bearing.
  • the wheel can move left and right on the axle, and the lateral force is transmitted through the locking pin and the ring groove (stop groove 21) on the hub.
  • the unlocking guide rail (unlocking drive part 100) on the ground presses the unlocking disc toward the outside of the track, and the unlocking disc compresses the recovery spring while driving the control rod outward, and the control rod drives the locking pin upward through the slope effect Move, leave the ring groove of the hub to complete the unlocking, the wheel moves to the right and left under the effect of the wheel guide 90, then the unlocking guide on the ground gradually releases the unlocking disc, and the compressed recovery spring pushes the unlocking disc to move inward, and at the same time drives the control rod inward Move, the control rod drives the locking pin to move down into the wheel ring groove to complete the gauge change.
  • the sleeve hub 34 is sleeved on the axle and has an interference fit with the axle.
  • the sleeve 35 is mounted on the sleeve hub 34 and connected with bolts.
  • the unlocking disc is sleeved on the sleeve 35, and the groove of the inner cylinder body is matched with the protrusion of the sleeve cylinder body.
  • the control lever is installed on the vertical side of the unlocking disc near the wheel side.
  • the lever rod seat is connected to the unlocking disc with a bolt.
  • the slope of the shaft is inserted into the pin hole of the locking pin.
  • the control lever is equipped with a shrapnel to eliminate the control rod composition and The gap between the locking pin holes ensures the locking effect and prevents the locking pin from shaking.
  • the lock pin box is installed on the vertical side of the sleeve close to the wheel side with a bolt connection.
  • the lock pin can move vertically in the lock pin box, and a chute is opened on the side close to the wheel to prevent it from interfering with the control rod. put one's oar in.
  • the inclined face of the locking pin is sleeved on the inclined plane composed of the control rod, the cone head is downward, and inserted into the locking pin box.
  • the recovery spring is installed between the vertical side of the sleeve and the vertical side of the unlocking disc, the end of the side of the unlocking disc is under the control rod seat, and the pre-tensioning force of the recovery spring is provided to prevent the spring from striking out.
  • the wear pad is installed on the side of the unlocking disc away from the wheel to relieve the damage of the unlocking disc by the ground rail.
  • the unlocking disc compresses the return spring, and at the same time drives the lever to form a leftward movement, using the slope effect of the sloped portion of the lever to force the locking pin to move upward to form an unlock
  • the compressed recovery spring pushes the unlocking disk to move to the right under the action of its resilience, and at the same time drives the control rod to move to the right, with the aid of the control rod to form the inclined surface of the joint part with the locking pin The effect is to move the locking pin downward to complete the locking function.
  • the inner hub of the wheel is lengthened, and a ring groove is provided on the hub, and the ring groove is used to cooperate with the locking pin to realize the unlocking and locking functions when changing the gauge and to transmit the lateral force.
  • a first stop 23 is provided at the end of the hub, which is used to cooperate with the second stop 341 on the sleeve hub.
  • the sleeve hub is provided with a second stop 341 at the end, which can ensure that the convex portion of the first stop 23 at the end of the wheel hub can move in the second stop 341 to realize the wheel on the axle Moves left and right, the first stop 23 and the second stop 341 cooperate to transmit torque.
  • Bolt holes are provided on the spoke plate for bolt connection with the inner dust cover, and bolt holes are provided on the outer hub for cooperating with the outer dust seat.
  • the outer dust seat can prevent dust on the one hand and the other Ensure that the bushing does not run out to the outside of the wheelset.
  • the inner side of the wheel hub hole is provided with a rib, which can ensure that the bush does not serially move toward the inside of the wheel pair, and the rib and the outer dust seat together ensure that the bush does not move left and right on the axle.
  • Bolt holes are provided on the vertical edges of the sleeve hub for connection with the sleeve. Among them, the central hole 22 of the wheel allows the axle to pass through.
  • the inner cylinder of the unlocking disc is provided with a groove (first connecting portion 331), and the sleeve cylinder is provided with a protrusion (second connecting portion 351), and the groove of the unlocking disc is transmitted in cooperation with the protrusion of the sleeve cylinder Torque.
  • the inner surface of the unlocking disc is provided with a groove with an internal wide opening and a narrow opening (mounting groove 334), and the wear pad is provided with a protrusion with a wide external root and a narrow portion (mounting protrusion 335), which cooperates with the groove of the unlocking disc, and the wear pad is divided into several sections for loading In the groove, it is used to protect the unlocking disc from the damage of the ground rail.
  • Bolt holes are set on the rising disc surface of the unlocking disc for bolt connection with the control rod and the inner dust cover; the cylinder body of the unlocking disc under the spring is longer, and the end is provided with a long chamfer to ensure that the spring expansion and contraction process does not Stuck.
  • control lever consists of a control lever, a spring piece, a washer and a bolt.
  • the control lever and the spring piece are arranged in a slope structure at the contact portion with the locking pin, and the hole for the locking pin and the control lever is arranged in a slope structure.
  • the control lever When the control lever moves to the right, the control lever obliquely faces the locking pin to provide a diagonal downward force perpendicular to the inclined plane. Under the action of the downward component force and the gravity of the locking pin, the locking pin moves downward, and the locking function is completed when the locking pin enters the wheel ring groove.
  • the elastic piece is arranged on the lower part of the control rod, and the elastic piece is connected with the control rod with a bolt. When the locking pin is locked, the elastic piece can eliminate the gap between the locking pin and the control rod to ensure that the locking pin will not be locked Shake to improve the safety of the locking device.
  • the keyway coordination between the unlocking disc and the wear pad can be changed to welding, riveting, bolt connection and other connection methods.
  • the wear pad can be integrated with the unlocking disc as a whole, or can be divided into several parts to cooperate with the unlocking disc; the material of the wear pad can be non-metallic, metal and other materials.
  • the lever body can be square, round, etc.
  • the locking pin hole can be square, round, etc.
  • the locking pin can be square, round, tapered, etc.
  • the lever and the shrapnel It can be connected by welding, riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the connection between the control rod and the unlocking disc can be welding, riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the control rod can be an inclined surface as a whole.
  • connection methods can be welding, riveting, bonding, etc.
  • the keyway connection between the sleeve and the unlocking disc may be welding, riveting, bolting, bonding and other connection methods, and the groove and the protrusion may be divided into several sections to cooperate.
  • the lock pin box may have a square, round, etc. structure, and the groove of the lock pin box may have a round, square, etc. shape.
  • the locking device adopts the form that the control rod moves left and right to drive the locking pin to move up and down.
  • the control rod and the locking pin are connected by a slope, and the locking pin is moved up and down to achieve the up and down of the locking pin Move to complete unlocking and locking.
  • the shrapnel is installed under the control rod to ensure that there is no gap between the control rod composition and the locking pin when the locking pin is locked, which can ensure that the locking pin does not shake during locking and improve the safety of the locking device.
  • Install a wear pad on the unlocking disc to protect the unlocking disc from damage by the ground rail. A large internal opening and a small form of connection are used between the unlocking disc and the wear pad.
  • Add a bush between the wheel and the axle to reduce the wear of the wheel and the axle.
  • a rib is provided at the wheel hub hole to prevent the bushing from running.
  • the invention also provides a bogie including a wheel set structure, and the wheel set structure is the above wheel set structure.
  • the invention also provides a vehicle including a bogie, which is the bogie described above.
  • the wheel body 20 is movably disposed on the wheel guide 90; the unlocking drive section 100 is spaced from the wheel guide 90; wherein, when the wheel body 20 moves to a preset position, the unlocking drive section 100 and the drive assembly are unlocked 30 contacts, so that after the unlocking drive part 100 drives the locking part 40 through the drive assembly 30 to move from the first position to the second position, the wheel body 20 moves along the rotating shaft 10 under the drive of the wheel guide 90.
  • the wheel bodies 20 are arranged in pairs, and the pair of two wheel bodies 20 are arranged oppositely.
  • the two unlocking drive parts 100 can simultaneously drive the two drive assemblies 30, so that the drive assemblies 30 drive the corresponding locks ⁇ 40.
  • the locking part 40 can be locked and released by the locking part 40 on the wheel body 20 through the driving assembly 30 driving the locking part 40.
  • the locking portion 40 is in limited contact with the wheel body 20, and at this time, the wheel body 20 and the rotating shaft 10 are axially fixed.
  • the driving assembly 30 drives the locking portion 40 to release the wheel body 20.
  • the wheel body 20 is movable in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10.
  • the wheel assembly structure of the present invention directly drives the locking portion 40 through the driving assembly 30 to achieve locking and releasing of the wheel body 20, the locking portion 40 only needs to move during the whole process, and the driving assembly 30 does not lock the locking portion 40 causes damage.
  • the locking portion 40 of the present invention is more stable and reliable in structure, and solves the problem that the shrapnel of the wheel set structure in the prior art is easily damaged.
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “above”, “above”, etc. can be used here to describe as shown in the figure The spatial relationship between a device or feature shown and other devices or features. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation of the device described in the figures. For example, if a device in the drawings is turned upside down, a device described as “above another device or configuration” or “above another device or configuration” will then be positioned as “below other device or configuration” or “in Under other devices or structures”. Thus, the exemplary term “above” may include both “above” and “below” orientations. The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations), and the relative description of the space used here is explained accordingly.

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Abstract

一种轮组结构、转向架及车辆，轮组结构包括：转轴（10）；轮体（20），轮体（20）设置在转轴（10）上；锁紧部（40），锁紧部（40）具有与轮体（20）限位接触的第一位置和与轮体（20）相间隔的第二位置；驱动组件（30），驱动组件（30）与锁紧部（40）驱动连接，以驱动锁紧部（40）在第一位置和第二位置之间运动，该轮组结构解决了现有的轮组结构的弹片容易损坏的问题。

Description

轮组结构、转向架及车辆 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆领域，具体而言，涉及一种轮组结构、转向架及车辆。
背景技术
现有技术中，在采用铁路运输货物时，不同路段或不同国家采用的铁路轨距均有不同，故需要在不同轨距线路的过渡口岸采用货物倒装或更换车辆走行部的方式实现货物的连续运输，不仅效率低下而且存在货物损耗的现象。采用变轨距轮对可有效地解决轨距不同区间的直通运行。它可以使旅客无需换乘，货物无需换装，车辆在运行过程中通过地面设施自动变换轨距，可大大提高运输效率。在运输危险货物、换装时易腐坏的货物、易污染环境的货物、加固费用较高和需要防护的货物时，采用变轨距轮对技术更能显示其优越性。
现有技术中，针对变轨距轮对，车轮可以在车轴上横向移动，正常运行时通过一个弹簧力作用下，使得解锁盘斜面将弹片上的凸起挤压进车轮V型环槽内，无法径向移动，这时车轮与车轴横向固定，保持2车轮距离固定(与轨距匹配)。当车轮通过地面变轨距设施时，地面的解锁导轨向左侧挤压解锁盘向左侧移动，解锁盘斜面向左移动放开对弹片凸起的挤压，完成解锁。车轮在车轮导轨作用下横向移动，弹片凸起径向移动从车轮一个V型环槽内脱出，当车轮移动到合适位置后，解锁导轨逐步释放解锁盘，在弹簧作用下解锁盘逐渐向右移动，解锁盘斜面将弹片上的凸起重新挤压进车轮另一个V型环槽内，完成锁闭。由于弹片在整个过程中需要通过变形来实现锁紧与释放，从而在长时间使用的情况下会出现损坏，直接影响变轨距轮对的正常变轨。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种轮组结构、转向架及车辆，以解决现有技术中的轮组结构的弹片容易损坏的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的第一个方面，提供了一种轮组结构，包括：转轴；轮体，轮体设置在转轴上；锁紧部，锁紧部具有与轮体限位接触的第一位置和与轮体相间隔的第二位置；驱动组件，驱动组件与锁紧部驱动连接，以驱动锁紧部在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
进一步地，驱动组件包括：推杆部，推杆部相对于转轴可移动地设置，推杆部与锁紧部驱动连接，以驱动锁紧部沿靠近或远离轮体的方向移动。
进一步地，推杆部的移动方向与锁紧部的移动方向之间具有预设夹角。
进一步地，锁紧部上设置有穿设孔，推杆部穿设在穿设孔内，以在推杆部相对于穿设孔移动时，推杆部驱动锁紧部移动。
进一步地，穿设孔的延伸方向与转轴的轴向方向具有第一预设夹角，第一预设夹角为锐角；其中，推杆部沿转轴的轴向方向可移动地设置，以驱动锁紧部沿转轴的径向方向移动。
进一步地，驱动组件还包括：弹片，弹片设置在推杆部上，弹片与穿设孔的孔壁相接触，以防止推杆部与穿设孔之间具有间隙。
进一步地，弹片包括固定段和自由段，固定段与推杆部相连接，自由段的至少部分与推杆部间隔设置；其中，自由段与固定段相连接，自由段相对于固定段可转动地设置，以在自由段穿设在穿设孔内后，自由段与穿设孔的孔壁相接触。
进一步地，轮组结构还包括：限位部，限位部相对于转轴固定设置，限位部上设置有限位孔，锁紧部设置在限位孔内，以使推杆部驱动锁紧部沿限位孔的延伸方向移动。
进一步地，驱动组件还包括：解锁盘，解锁盘与推杆部相连接，解锁盘用于与解锁驱动部相接触，以使解锁驱动部通过解锁盘驱动推杆部移动。
进一步地，驱动组件还包括：套筒毂，套筒毂套设在转轴上；套筒，套筒与套筒毂相连接，解锁盘套设在套筒上且沿套筒的轴向方向可移动地设置；复位弹簧，复位弹簧的一端与套筒相抵接，复位弹簧的另一端与解锁盘相抵接，以在解锁盘脱离解锁驱动部后，复位弹簧通过解锁盘驱动推杆部移动，推杆部驱动锁紧部由第二位置移动至第一位置。
进一步地，解锁盘上设置有第一连接部，套筒上设置有与第一连接部相适配的第二连接部，第一连接部与第二连接部相连接，以使解锁盘相对于套筒在套筒的周向方向上固定设置。
进一步地，解锁盘包括：本体部，本体部与推杆部相连接；磨耗垫，磨耗垫与本体部背离推杆部的一侧相连接，磨耗垫用于与解锁驱动部相接触。
进一步地，本体部上设置有安装槽，磨耗垫上设置有安装凸起，安装凸起与安装槽相连接；其中，安装凸起为弹性结构，安装槽为扩张结构，安装槽沿安装槽的槽口至安装槽的槽底的方向上逐渐扩大。
进一步地，轮体上设置有止挡槽，锁紧部沿靠近或远离止挡槽的方向移动，以使锁紧部具有卡止在止挡槽内的第一位置和与止挡槽相脱离的第二位置。
进一步地，轮组结构还包括：防尘座，防尘座套设在转轴上且与轮体相连接；衬套，衬套设置在转轴与轮体之间；其中，衬套的一端与防尘座限位接触，以限制衬套脱离轮体。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供了一种转向架，包括轮组结构，轮组结构为上述的轮组结构。
根据本发明的第三个方面，提供了一种车辆，包括转向架，转向架为上述的转向架。
本发明的轮组结构通过驱动组件驱动锁紧部可以实现锁紧部对轮体的锁紧与释放。在具体使用过程中，轮体正常移动时，锁紧部与轮体限位接触，此时轮体与转轴轴向固定。当需要调解轮体的位置时，驱动组件驱动锁紧部释放轮体，此时，轮体沿转轴的轴向方向可移动。本发明的轮组结构由于是通过驱动组件直接驱动锁紧部实现对轮体的锁紧与释放，整个过程锁紧部仅完成移动即可，驱动组件不会对锁紧部造成损伤，相对于现有技术中的弹片通过变形实现锁紧与释放，本发明的锁紧部结构上更加稳定可靠，解决了现有技术中的轮组结构的弹片容易损坏的问题。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图2示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的实施例的结构示意图；
图3示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的驱动组件的剖面结构示意图；
图4示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的推杆部与锁紧部的配合剖面结构示意图；
图5示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的限位部的第一个视角的结构示意图；
图6示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的限位部的第二个视角的结构示意图；
图7示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的轮体与套筒毂的配合剖面结构示意图；
图8示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的轮体的剖面结构示意图；
图9示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的轮体的第一个视角的结构示意图；
图10示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的轮体的第二个视角的结构示意图；
图11示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的套筒毂的剖面结构示意图；
图12示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的套筒毂的第一个视角的结构示意图；
图13示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的套筒毂的第二个视角的结构示意图；
图14示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的解锁盘的本体部的结构示意图；
图15示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的解锁盘的本体部的剖面结构示意图；
图16示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的解锁盘与套筒的配合结构示意图；
图17示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的解锁盘与套筒的配合局部放大结构示意图；
图18示出了根据本发明的轮组结构的解锁盘的局部结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、转轴；20、轮体；21、止挡槽；22、中心孔；23、第一止口；30、驱动组件；31、推杆部；32、弹片；321、固定段；322、自由段；33、解锁盘；331、第一连接部；332、本体部；334、安装槽；333、磨耗垫；335、安装凸起；34、套筒毂；341、第二止口；35、套筒；351、第二连接部；36、复位弹簧；37、外防护部；40、锁紧部；41、穿设孔；50、限位部；51、限位孔；52、避让槽；90、车轮导轨；100、解锁驱动部；110、防尘座；120、衬套。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
本发明提供了一种轮组结构，请参考图1至图18，轮组结构包括：转轴10；轮体20，轮体20设置在转轴10上；锁紧部40，锁紧部40具有与轮体20限位接触的第一位置和与轮体20相间隔的第二位置；驱动组件30，驱动组件30与锁紧部40驱动连接，以驱动锁紧部40在第一位置和第二位置之间运动。
本发明的轮组结构通过驱动组件30驱动锁紧部40可以实现锁紧部40对轮体20的锁紧与释放。在具体使用过程中，轮体20正常移动时，锁紧部40与轮体20限位接触，此时轮体20与转轴10轴向固定。当需要调解轮体20的位置时，驱动组件30驱动锁紧部40释放轮体20，此时，轮体20沿转轴10的轴向方向可移动。本发明的轮组结构由于是通过驱动组件30直接驱动锁紧部40实现对轮体20的锁紧与释放，整个过程锁紧部40仅完成移动即可，驱动组件30不会对锁紧部40造成损伤，相对于现有技术中的弹片通过变形实现锁紧与释放，本发明的锁紧部40结构上更加稳定可靠，解决了现有技术中的轮组结构的弹片容易损坏的问题。
为了能够驱动锁紧部40在第一位置和第二位置之间运动，如图1和图4所示，驱动组件30包括：推杆部31，推杆部31相对于转轴10可移动地设置，推杆部31与锁紧部40驱动连接，以驱动锁紧部40沿靠近或远离轮体20的方向移动。
在本实施例中，通过在驱动组件30上设置有推杆部31，且推杆部31相对于转轴10可移动地设置，从而可以在推杆部31移动时，推杆部31驱动锁紧部40沿靠近或远离轮体20的方向移动，以此实现对轮体20的锁紧与释放。
优选地，推杆部31的移动方向与锁紧部40的移动方向之间具有预设夹角。
在本实施例中，推杆部31的移动方向与锁紧部40的移动方向之间的夹角为90度，即推杆部31沿转轴10的轴向方向移动，而锁紧部40沿转轴10的径向方向移动。
优选地，锁紧部40上设置有穿设孔41，推杆部31穿设在穿设孔41内，以在推杆部31相对于穿设孔41移动时，推杆部31驱动锁紧部40移动。
为了能够保证推杆部31驱动锁紧部40移动，穿设孔41的延伸方向与转轴10的轴向方向具有第一预设夹角，第一预设夹角为锐角；其中，推杆部31沿转轴10的轴向方向可移动地设置，以驱动锁紧部40沿转轴10的径向方向移动。
在本实施例中，穿设孔41的延伸方向倾斜于转轴10的轴向方向，从而在推杆部31沿转轴10的轴向方向移动时，推杆部31可以驱动锁紧部40沿靠近或远离轮体20的方向移动。
在本实施例中，锁紧部40沿转轴10的径向方向，或者沿倾斜于转轴10的径向方向的方向移动，即推杆部31的移动方向与锁紧部40的移动方向之间的夹角非90度。
为了能够保证驱动组件30与锁紧部40的相对稳定性，如图4所示，驱动组件30还包括：弹片32，弹片32设置在推杆部31上，弹片32与穿设孔41的孔壁相接触，以防止推杆部31与穿设孔41之间具有间隙。
在本实施例中，通过在推杆部31上设置有弹片32，从而使得弹片32可以将推杆部31与穿设孔41之间具有间隙进行封闭，即推杆部31与弹片32相结合来填充穿设孔41，以此防止正常情况下锁紧部40相对推杆部31移动。
在本实施例中，由于弹片32为弹性结构，故在保证对穿设孔41的封闭的基础上，又不会影响其相对于穿设孔41移动。
针对弹片32的具体结构，弹片32包括固定段321和自由段322，固定段321与推杆部31相连接，自由段322的至少部分与推杆部31间隔设置；其中，自由段322与固定段321相连接，自由段322相对于固定段321可转动地设置，以在自由段322穿设在穿设孔41内后，自由段322与穿设孔41的孔壁相接触。
在本实施例中，由于自由段322与推杆部31之间具有一定的间隙，故在自由段322与推杆部31进入穿设孔41后，自由段322可以在弹力的作用下与穿设孔41的孔壁相贴合。
在本实施例中，固定段321和自由段322之间具有夹角，固定段321沿水平方向设置，而自由段322相对倾斜于固定段321，以此与推杆部31的结构相适应。
为了能够控制锁紧部40的移动方向，如图5和图6所示，轮组结构还包括：限位部50，限位部50相对于转轴10固定设置，限位部50上设置有限位孔51，锁紧部40设置在限位孔51内，以使推杆部31驱动锁紧部40沿限位孔51的延伸方向移动。
在本实施例中，限位部50的设置可以保证锁紧部40沿限位孔51的延伸方向移动，从而保证锁紧部40与轮体20可靠地相接触。
在本实施例中，限位部50上设置有避让槽52，避让槽52与推杆部31相对设置，以防止推杆部31与限位部50相接触。其中，避让槽52为一个倾斜槽，即相对于水平方向向下倾斜。
为了能够驱动推杆部31移动，驱动组件30还包括：解锁盘33，解锁盘33与推杆部31相连接，解锁盘33用于与解锁驱动部100相接触，以使解锁驱动部100通过解锁盘33驱动推杆部31移动。
在本实施例中，当需要轮体20移动时，解锁驱动部100通过解锁盘33驱动推杆部31移动，从而使得推杆部31带动锁紧部40由第一位置移动至第二位置。
优选地，驱动组件30还包括：套筒毂34，套筒毂34套设在转轴10上；套筒35，套筒35与套筒毂34相连接，解锁盘33套设在套筒35上且沿套筒35的轴向方向可移动地设置；复位弹簧36，复位弹簧36的一端与套筒35相抵接，复位弹簧36的另一端与解锁盘33相抵接，以在解锁盘33脱离解锁驱动部100后，复位弹簧36通过解锁盘33驱动推杆部31移动，推杆部31驱动锁紧部40由第二位置移动至第一位置。
在本实施例中，当解锁驱动部100与解锁盘33分离后，即解锁盘33上没有外设驱动力，此时，复位弹簧36推动解锁盘33恢复至最初的位置，从而可以使得推杆部31驱动锁紧部40由第二位置移动至第一位置。
为了能够保证解锁盘33相对于套筒35移动，如图14和图15所示，解锁盘33上设置有第一连接部331，套筒35上设置有与第一连接部331相适配的第二连接部351，第一连接部331与第二连接部351相连接，以使解锁盘33相对于套筒35在套筒35的周向方向上固定设置。
在本实施例中，第一连接部331为凸起，第二连接部351为凹槽；或，第一连接部331为凹槽，第二连接部351为凸起。其中，第一连接部331和第二连接部351可以为多个。
针对解锁盘33的具体结构，解锁盘33包括：本体部332，本体部332与推杆部31相连接；磨耗垫333，磨耗垫333与本体部332背离推杆部31的一侧相连接，磨耗垫333用于与解锁驱动部100相接触。
在本实施例中，通过在本体部332上设置有磨耗垫333可以防止解锁驱动部100直接与本体部332相接触，从而造成的磨损。
针对磨耗垫333与本体部332的具体连接方式，如图18所示，本体部332上设置有安装槽334，磨耗垫333上设置有安装凸起335，安装凸起335与安装槽334相连接；其中，安装凸起335为弹性结构，安装槽334为扩张结构，安装槽334沿安装槽334的槽口至安装槽334的槽底的方向上逐渐扩大。
在本实施例中，磨耗垫333上的安装凸起335通过变形安装到安装槽334内。
在本实施例中，磨耗垫333可以是一个整体，也可以包括多个子磨耗垫，多个子磨耗垫相拼接形成一个磨耗垫333。
优选地，轮体20上设置有止挡槽21，锁紧部40沿靠近或远离止挡槽21的方向移动，以使锁紧部40具有卡止在止挡槽21内的第一位置和与止挡槽21相脱离的第二位置。
在本实施例中，止挡槽21为一个环形槽，锁紧部40多个，多个锁紧部40沿轮体20的周向方向间隔设置，推杆部31为多个，多个推杆部31与多个锁紧部40一一相对应地设置。
为了防止外界物质进入到转轴10与轮体20之间，轮组结构还包括：防尘座110，防尘座110套设在转轴10上且与轮体20相连接；衬套120，衬套120设置在转轴10与轮体20之间；其中，衬套120的一端与防尘座110限位接触，以限制衬套120脱离轮体20。
在本实施例中，通过设置有防尘座110即可以起到防尘作用，有可以对衬套120启动止挡作用。
针对本发明的轮组结构的一个具体实施例：
本发明的轮组结构是一种可变轨距轮对，该轮对包括车轮(轮体20)、车轴(转轴10)、衬套120、锁紧装置、内防尘罩(外防护部37)和外防尘座(防尘座110)。锁紧装置包括锁紧销盒(限位部50)、锁紧销(锁紧部40)、控制杆(推杆部31)、弹片32、复原弹簧(复位弹簧36)、套筒35、套筒毂34、解锁盘33、磨耗垫333。
在本实施例中，车轮安装在车轴上，车轮与车轴之间加装衬套120，车轮可以在车轴上左右移动。套筒毂34安装在车轮内侧的车轴上，与车轴过盈配合。套筒35安装在套筒毂34上，二者之间用螺栓连接。解锁盘33套装在套筒35上。控制杆安装在解锁盘立边上，用螺栓连接。弹片32用螺栓安装在控制杆杆身下部。锁紧销盒安装在套筒35立边上，用螺栓连接。锁紧销斜面孔(穿设孔41)套在控制杆组成的斜面上，锥头向下，插入锁紧销盒内。内防尘罩的一端与解锁盘的立面用螺栓连接，另一端与车轮辐板用螺栓连接，内防尘罩具有一定弹性，可以保证整个锁紧装置在运用过程中不进异物。外防尘座一端与车轮轮毂用螺栓连接，另一端覆盖在轴承与车轮之间，以保证车轮与轴承之间部位的清洁。
在本实施例中，车轮可以在车轴上左右移动，横向力通过锁紧销与轮毂上的环槽(止挡槽21)传递。当车轮通过地面变轨设施时，地面的解锁导轨(解锁驱动部100)向轨道外侧挤压解锁盘，解锁盘压缩复原弹簧同时带动控制杆向外移动，控制杆通过斜面效应带动锁紧销向上移动，离开轮毂环槽，完成解锁，车轮在车轮导轨90作用下左右移动到合适位置，随后地面的解锁导轨逐步释放解锁盘，压缩的复原弹簧推动解锁盘向里移动，同时带动控制杆向里移动，控制杆带动锁紧销向下移动至车轮环槽中，完成轨距变换。
在本实施例中，套筒毂34套在车轴上，与车轴过盈配合。套筒35安装在套筒毂34上，用螺栓连接。解锁盘套在套筒35上，其内部筒身凹槽与套筒筒身上凸起配合。控制杆组成安装在解锁盘立边上靠近车轮侧，控制杆杆座与解锁盘用螺栓连接，杆身斜面部分插入锁紧销 销孔内，控制杆上安装有弹片，可消除控制杆组成与锁紧销孔之间的缝隙，保证锁紧效果，避免锁紧销晃动。
在本实施例中，锁紧销盒用螺栓连接安装在套筒立边上靠近车轮侧，锁紧销可以在锁紧销盒内垂直移动，靠近车轮一侧开有斜槽，防止与控制杆干涉。锁紧销斜面孔套在控制杆组成的斜面上，锥头向下，插入锁紧销盒内。复原弹簧安装在套筒立边与解锁盘立边之间，解锁盘侧端头处于控制杆座下方，且复原弹簧设置有预紧力，以防弹簧串出。磨耗垫安装在解锁盘远离车轮侧，以缓解地面导轨对解锁盘的损伤。
在本实施例中，当外力迫使解锁盘向左移动时，解锁盘压缩复原弹簧，同时带动控制杆组成向左移动，利用控制杆组成斜面部分的斜面效应，迫使锁紧销向上移动，形成解锁；当解锁盘上外力撤去后，被压缩的复原弹簧在其复原弹力作用下，推动解锁盘向右移动，同时带动控制杆组成向右移动，借助于控制杆组成与锁紧销结合部分的斜面效应，使锁紧销向下移动，完成锁紧功能。
在本实施例中，该车轮内侧轮毂加长，且在轮毂上设置了环槽，该环槽用于与所述锁紧销配合，实现变轨距时的解锁和锁紧功能并传递横向力。在轮毂端部设置第一止口23，该用于与套筒毂上的第二止口341配合。套筒毂在端部设置第二止口341，该第二止口341可保证车轮轮毂端头处的第一止口23凸起部分能在该第二止口341中移动以实现车轮在车轴上的左右移动，第一止口23与第二止口341配合传递扭矩。辐板上设置螺栓孔，用于跟内防尘罩用螺栓连接，外轮毂上设置螺栓孔，用于跟外防尘座用螺栓配合，外防尘座一方面可以防尘，另一方面可以保证衬套不向轮对外侧串动。车轮轮毂孔内侧设置挡边，该挡边可以保证衬套不向轮对内侧串动，由该挡边和外防尘座一起保证衬套在车轴上不会左右移动。在套筒毂立边上设置螺栓孔，用于跟套筒连接。其中，车轮的中心孔22供车轴穿过。
在本实施例中，解锁盘内部筒身设置凹槽(第一连接部331)，套筒筒身设置凸起(第二连接部351)，解锁盘凹槽与套筒筒身凸起配合传递扭矩。解锁盘立面上设置内部宽开口窄的凹槽(安装槽334)，磨耗垫设置外部宽根部窄的凸起(安装凸起335)，与解锁盘凹槽配合，磨耗垫分成数段装入凹槽中，用于保护解锁盘不受地面导轨的损害。解锁盘立起的盘面上设置螺栓孔，用于与控制杆及内防尘罩用螺栓连接；处于弹簧下部的解锁盘筒身较长，且端部设置长倒角，可以保证弹簧伸缩过程不卡滞。
在本实施例中，控制杆组成包括控制杆、弹片、垫圈和螺栓，控制杆与弹片在与锁紧销接触部分设置为斜面结构，锁紧销与控制杆配合的孔设置为斜面结构，当控制杆向左移动时，控制杆斜面部分向左移动，控制杆斜面向锁紧销提供一个垂直于斜面的斜向上的力，该力在竖直方向的向上的分力迫使锁紧销向上移动，当锁紧销离开车轮环槽时即完成解锁功能，当控制杆向右移动时，控制杆斜面向锁紧销提供一个垂直于斜面的斜向下的力，在该力在竖直方向的向下的分力和锁紧销重力的作用下，锁紧销向下移动，当锁紧销进入车轮环槽中时即完成锁紧功能。在控制杆的下部设置弹片，该弹片与控制杆用螺栓连接，在锁紧销锁紧时，该弹片可消除锁紧销与控制杆组成之间的缝隙，保证锁紧销锁紧时不会晃动，提高锁紧装置的安全性。
在本实施例中，解锁盘与磨耗垫之间的键槽配合可以改为焊接、铆接、螺栓连接等连接方式。磨耗垫可以整体与解锁盘配合，也可以分成几部分与解锁盘配合；磨耗垫材质可以为非金属、金属等材质。
在本实施例中，控制杆杆体可以为方形、圆形等形状，锁紧销孔可以为方形、圆形等形状，锁紧销可以为方形、圆形、锥形等形状；控制杆与弹片可以焊接、铆接、粘接等连接方式；控制杆与解锁盘连接可以为焊接、铆接、粘接等连接方式；控制杆可以整体为斜面。
在本实施例中，套筒与套筒毂之间、锁紧销盒与套筒之间、解锁盘与内防尘罩之间、内防尘罩与车轮之间、外防尘座与车轮之间可以为焊接、铆接、粘接等连接方式。
在本实施例中，套筒与解锁盘之间的键槽连接可以为焊接、铆接、螺栓连接、粘接等连接方式，凹槽与凸起可以分成数段配合。
在本实施例中，锁紧销盒可以为方形、圆形等结构，锁紧销盒的槽可以为圆形、方形等形状。
在本实施例中，锁紧装置采用控制杆左右运动带动锁紧销上下运动的形式，控制杆和锁紧销通过斜面连接，通过控制杆的向外和向里移动来实现锁紧销的上下移动，完成解锁和锁闭。在控制杆下面装设弹片，保证锁紧销锁紧时控制杆组成与锁紧销之间无间隙，可保证锁紧销在锁紧时不晃动，提高锁紧装置的安全性。在解锁盘上安装磨耗垫，可保护解锁盘不受地面导轨的损害。解锁盘与磨耗垫之间采用内部大开口小形式的连接。在车轮与车轴之间加装衬套，减轻车轮与车轴的磨耗。在车轮轮毂孔处设置挡边，可阻挡衬套串动。
本发明还提供了一种转向架，包括轮组结构，轮组结构为上述的轮组结构。
本发明还提供了一种车辆，包括转向架，转向架为上述的转向架。
在本实施例中，轮体20可移动地设置在车轮导轨90上；解锁驱动部100与车轮导轨90间隔设置；其中，当轮体20移动至预设位置时，解锁驱动部100与驱动组件30相接触，以在解锁驱动部100通过驱动组件30驱动锁紧部40由第一位置移动至第二位置后，轮体20在车轮导轨90的驱动下沿转轴10移动。
在本实施例中，轮体20成对设置，成对的两个轮体20相对设置，两个解锁驱动部100可以同时驱动两个驱动组件30，以此使驱动组件30驱动相应的锁紧部40。
从以上的描述中，可以看出，本发明上述的实施例实现了如下技术效果：
本发明的轮组结构通过驱动组件30驱动锁紧部40可以实现锁紧部40对轮体20的锁紧与释放。在具体使用过程中，轮体20正常移动时，锁紧部40与轮体20限位接触，此时轮体20与转轴10轴向固定。当需要调解轮体20的位置时，驱动组件30驱动锁紧部40释放轮体20，此时，轮体20沿转轴10的轴向方向可移动。本发明的轮组结构由于是通过驱动组件30直接驱动锁紧部40实现对轮体20的锁紧与释放，整个过程锁紧部40仅完成移动即可，驱动 组件30不会对锁紧部40造成损伤，相对于现有技术中的弹片通过变形实现锁紧与释放，本发明的锁紧部40结构上更加稳定可靠，解决了现有技术中的轮组结构的弹片容易损坏的问题。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本申请的实施方式例如能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种轮组结构，其特征在于，包括：
    转轴(10)；
    轮体(20)，所述轮体(20)设置在所述转轴(10)上；
    锁紧部(40)，所述锁紧部(40)具有与所述轮体(20)限位接触的第一位置和与所述轮体(20)相间隔的第二位置；
    驱动组件(30)，所述驱动组件(30)与所述锁紧部(40)驱动连接，以驱动所述锁紧部(40)在所述第一位置和所述第二位置之间运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(30)包括：
    推杆部(31)，所述推杆部(31)相对于所述转轴(10)可移动地设置，所述推杆部(31)与所述锁紧部(40)驱动连接，以驱动所述锁紧部(40)沿靠近或远离所述轮体(20)的方向移动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述推杆部(31)的移动方向与所述锁紧部(40)的移动方向之间具有预设夹角。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述锁紧部(40)上设置有穿设孔(41)，所述推杆部(31)穿设在所述穿设孔(41)内，以在所述推杆部(31)相对于所述穿设孔(41)移动时，所述推杆部(31)驱动所述锁紧部(40)移动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述穿设孔(41)的延伸方向与所述转轴(10)的轴向方向具有第一预设夹角，所述第一预设夹角为锐角；
    其中，所述推杆部(31)沿所述转轴(10)的轴向方向可移动地设置，以驱动所述锁紧部(40)沿所述转轴(10)的径向方向移动。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(30)还包括：
    弹片(32)，所述弹片(32)设置在所述推杆部(31)上，所述弹片(32)与所述穿设孔(41)的孔壁相接触，以防止所述推杆部(31)与所述穿设孔(41)之间具有间隙。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述弹片(32)包括固定段(321)和自由段(322)，所述固定段(321)与所述推杆部(31)相连接，所述自由段(322)的至少部分与所述推杆部(31)间隔设置；
    其中，所述自由段(322)与所述固定段(321)相连接，所述自由段(322)相对于所述固定段(321)可转动地设置，以在所述自由段(322)穿设在所述穿设孔(41)内后，所述自由段(322)与所述穿设孔(41)的孔壁相接触。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述轮组结构还包括：
    限位部(50)，所述限位部(50)相对于所述转轴(10)固定设置，所述限位部(50)上设置有限位孔(51)，所述锁紧部(40)设置在所述限位孔(51)内，以使所述推杆部(31)驱动所述锁紧部(40)沿所述限位孔(51)的延伸方向移动。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(30)还包括：
    解锁盘(33)，所述解锁盘(33)与所述推杆部(31)相连接，所述解锁盘(33)用于与解锁驱动部(100)相接触，以使所述解锁驱动部(100)通过所述解锁盘(33)驱动所述推杆部(31)移动。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述驱动组件(30)还包括：
    套筒毂(34)，所述套筒毂(34)套设在所述转轴(10)上；
    套筒(35)，所述套筒(35)与所述套筒毂(34)相连接，所述解锁盘(33)套设在所述套筒(35)上且沿所述套筒(35)的轴向方向可移动地设置；
    复位弹簧(36)，所述复位弹簧(36)的一端与所述套筒(35)相抵接，所述复位弹簧(36)的另一端与所述解锁盘(33)相抵接，以在所述解锁盘(33)脱离所述解锁驱动部(100)后，所述复位弹簧(36)通过所述解锁盘(33)驱动所述推杆部(31)移动，所述推杆部(31)驱动所述锁紧部(40)由所述第二位置移动至所述第一位置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述解锁盘(33)上设置有第一连接部(331)，所述套筒(35)上设置有与所述第一连接部(331)相适配的第二连接部(351)，所述第一连接部(331)与所述第二连接部(351)相连接，以使所述解锁盘(33)相对于所述套筒(35)在所述套筒(35)的周向方向上固定设置。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述解锁盘(33)包括：
    本体部(332)，所述本体部(332)与所述推杆部(31)相连接；
    磨耗垫(333)，所述磨耗垫(333)与所述本体部(332)背离所述推杆部(31)的一侧相连接，所述磨耗垫(333)用于与所述解锁驱动部(100)相接触。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述本体部(332)上设置有安装槽(334)，所述磨耗垫(333)上设置有安装凸起(335)，所述安装凸起(335)与所述安装槽(334)相连接；
    其中，所述安装凸起(335)为弹性结构，所述安装槽(334)为扩张结构，所述安装槽(334)沿所述安装槽(334)的槽口至所述安装槽(334)的槽底的方向上逐渐扩大。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述轮体(20)上设置有止挡槽(21)，所述锁紧部(40)沿靠近或远离所述止挡槽(21)的方向移动，以使所述锁紧部(40)具有卡止在所述止挡槽(21)内的所述第一位置和与所述止挡槽(21)相脱离的所述第二位置。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的轮组结构，其特征在于，所述轮组结构还包括：
    防尘座(110)，所述防尘座(110)套设在所述转轴(10)上且与所述轮体(20)相连接；
    衬套(120)，所述衬套(120)设置在所述转轴(10)与所述轮体(20)之间；
    其中，所述衬套(120)的一端与所述防尘座(110)限位接触，以限制所述衬套(120)脱离所述轮体(20)。
  16. 一种转向架，包括轮组结构，其特征在于，所述轮组结构为权利要求1至15中任一项所述的轮组结构。
  17. 一种车辆，包括转向架，其特征在于，所述转向架为权利要求16所述的转向架。
PCT/CN2019/098690 2019-01-03 2019-07-31 轮组结构、转向架及车辆 WO2020140429A1 (zh)

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