WO2020134973A1 - 隔热材以及冰箱 - Google Patents

隔热材以及冰箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134973A1
WO2020134973A1 PCT/CN2019/123673 CN2019123673W WO2020134973A1 WO 2020134973 A1 WO2020134973 A1 WO 2020134973A1 CN 2019123673 W CN2019123673 W CN 2019123673W WO 2020134973 A1 WO2020134973 A1 WO 2020134973A1
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Prior art keywords
density polyethylene
protective film
transparent
aerogel
less
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PCT/CN2019/123673
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杉木稔则
Original Assignee
青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司
海尔智家股份有限公司
Aqua株式会社
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Publication of WO2020134973A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134973A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/02—Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/06—Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat insulating material adopting aerogel.
  • it also relates to a refrigerator including a heat insulating material using aerogel.
  • aerogel is a new material expected as the core material of heat insulation materials. Insulation materials that use this aerogel as a core material and are packaged with packaging materials have attracted attention.
  • Japanese Patent No. 5669617 discloses that a sealed container is filled with an aerogel as a heat insulating material, and the sealed container is composed of an airtight film and the pressure in the sealed container is 101 to 104 Pa Scope.
  • the object of the present invention is to use a transparent monolithic aerogel as a heat insulating material.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transparent heat insulating material while taking advantage of the characteristics of a transparent aerogel.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the thermal insulation performance by appropriately depressurizing the aerogel package.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transparent refrigerator in which the storage in the refrigerator is observed from the outside by providing a transparent heat insulating material between the transparent outer box and the transparent inner box.
  • the present invention provides a heat insulating material, including a transparent monolithic aerogel wrapped by a protective film, the protective film including high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene with a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less Density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene or single layer of unstretched polypropylene, or a laminate including: high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene with a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less , Low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene or unstretched polypropylene; and biaxially stretched polypropylene, biaxially stretched nylon or polyethylene terephthalate with a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 28 ⁇ m or less .
  • Aerogels are brittle and have low strength, but by covering with a protective film, the strength is increased, and handling of the heat insulating material becomes easy. Therefore, the present invention can use a transparent monolithic aerogel as a heat insulating material. In addition, the present invention can provide a transparent heat insulating material by covering a transparent monolithic aerogel with a transparent protective film.
  • the present invention provides a heat insulating material including a transparent monolithic aerogel packaged with a protective film, the protective film is a laminate, and the laminate includes a high density with a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less Polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene or unstretched polypropylene; transparent vapor-deposited films with a thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less; and those with a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 28 ⁇ m or less
  • the package is decompressed to a range of atmospheric pressure to 10 kPa.
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can provide a transparent heat insulating material by covering a transparent monolithic aerogel with a transparent protective film. Furthermore, by appropriately depressurizing the aerogel package, the thermal insulation performance can be improved.
  • the present invention provides a heat insulating material including a transparent monolithic aerogel packaged with a protective film, the protective film is a laminate, and the laminate includes a high density with a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less Polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or unstretched polypropylene; transparent or aluminum vapor-deposited film with a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less, or a film thickness of 6.5 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the thermal insulation performance can be improved.
  • an aluminum vapor-deposited film or aluminum foil as a protective film, airtightness can be sufficiently ensured.
  • the refrigerator of the present invention is provided with the heat insulating material according to any of the foregoing embodiments between the transparent outer box and the transparent inner box.
  • the present invention can provide a transparent refrigerator, and a transparent heat insulating material is provided between the transparent outer box and the transparent inner box, so that the stored objects in the refrigerator can be observed from the outside.
  • the existing transparent refrigerator is partitioned by laminated glass. Therefore, it is heavy.
  • the aerogel is very light, so it can make the transparent refrigerator lightweight.
  • the outer box and the inner box are made of glass or resin.
  • the outer box and the inner box can be made transparent.
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can make use of the characteristics of a transparent aerogel to provide a transparent heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can improve the thermal insulation performance by appropriately decompressing the aerogel package.
  • the present invention can provide a transparent refrigerator in which the storage in the refrigerator is observed from the outside by providing a transparent heat insulating material between the transparent outer box and the transparent inner box.
  • FIG. 1 is a (a) plan view and (b) A-A cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a (a) plan view and (b) B-B cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a second embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a (a) plan view and (b) C-C cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a third embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a refrigerator using the transparent heat insulating material of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 is a side view of a refrigerator using the transparent heat insulating material of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a (a) plan view and (b) A-A cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1.
  • the heat insulating material 101 includes a transparent monolithic aerogel 103 packaged with a transparent protective film 105.
  • the transparent monolithic aerogel 103 has an average pore size of 40 nm or less, and the porosity exceeds 80%.
  • the aerogel 103 may have a square shape with a side of 20 cm and a thickness of about 5 mm. This size is only an example, and the transparent monolithic aerogel can be larger.
  • the transparent protective film 105 surrounds the aerogel 103 in a square or only a quadrilateral shape and is sandwiched from above and below.
  • the protective film 105 seals the aerogel 103 by thermal welding.
  • the protective film 105 may be a single layer or a laminate of protective films.
  • the transparent protective film 105 may be a high-density polyethylene, a medium-density polyethylene, a low-density polyethylene, a linear low-density polyethylene or a film having a thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less. Unstretched polypropylene.
  • the protective film 105 may be a laminate including the first protective film 107 and the second protective film 109 (for example, refer to FIG. 1b ).
  • the aerogel 103 is surrounded by the first protective film 107 from above and below.
  • the aerogel 103 and the first protective film 107 are surrounded by the second protective film 109 from above and below.
  • the first protective film 107 and the second protective film 109 are thermally welded to seal the aerogel 103.
  • the first protective film 107 may be high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or unstretched polypropylene having a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first protective film is transparent.
  • the second protective film 109 may be a biaxially oriented polypropylene, a biaxially oriented nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 28 ⁇ m or less.
  • the second protective film is transparent.
  • the first protective film 107 and the second protective film 109 may be stacked alternately.
  • Aerogels are brittle and have low strength, but by covering with a protective film, the strength is increased, and handling of the heat insulating material becomes easy.
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can provide a transparent heat insulating material by covering a transparent monolithic aerogel with a transparent protective film.
  • FIG. 2 is a (a) plan view and (b) B-B cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 2.
  • the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a third protective film 211 is provided.
  • the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the inside of the protective film 205 is evacuated and decompressed.
  • the heat insulating material 201 includes a transparent monolithic aerogel 203 wrapped with a transparent protective film 205.
  • the transparent protective film 205 is a laminate including a first protective film 209, a third protective film 211, and a second protective film 213.
  • the aerogel 203 is surrounded by the first protective film 209 from above and below. Furthermore, the aerogel 203 and the first protective film 209 are surrounded by the third protective film 211 from above and below. Furthermore, the aerogel 203, the first protective film 209, and the third protective film 211 are surrounded by the second protective film 213 from above and below. The first protective film 209, the third protective film 211, and the second protective film 213 are thermally welded to seal the aerogel 203.
  • the first protective film 209 may be high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or unstretched polypropylene having a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first protective film is transparent.
  • the third protective film 211 may be a transparent vapor-deposited film having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less.
  • the second protective film 213 may be biaxially stretched polypropylene, biaxially stretched nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate with a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 28 ⁇ m or less.
  • the second protective film is transparent.
  • the first protective film 209, the second protective film 213, and the third protective film 211 may be stacked alternately.
  • a part 207 of the protective film is not thermally welded but is retained to evacuate the aerogel 203 from the part 207 of the protective film. After evacuation, a part of the protective film 207 is sealed by thermal welding.
  • the pressure in the package after evacuation is atmospheric pressure to 10kPa. Even if the transparent monolithic aerogel remains intact, the heat insulation is high. Therefore, the heat insulation material of the present embodiment can obtain high heat insulation even if the vacuum degree is lower than that of a normal vacuum heat insulation material.
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can exert the characteristics of a transparent aerogel and can provide a transparent heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can improve the thermal insulation performance by appropriately depressurizing the aerogel package.
  • FIG. 3 is a (a) plan view and (b) C-C cross-sectional view showing a heat insulating material according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a non-transparent third protective film 311 is provided.
  • the third embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the inside of the protective film 305 is evacuated and decompressed.
  • the heat insulating material 301 includes a transparent monolithic aerogel 303 wrapped with a protective film 305.
  • the protective film 305 is a laminate including a first protective film 309, a third protective film 311, and a second protective film 313.
  • the aerogel 303 is surrounded by the first protective film 309 from above and below. Furthermore, the aerogel 303 and the first protective film 309 are surrounded by the third protective film 311 from above and below. Furthermore, the aerogel 303, the first protective film 309, and the third protective film 311 are surrounded by the second protective film 313 from above and below. The first protective film 309, the third protective film 311, and the second protective film 313 are thermally welded to seal the aerogel 303.
  • the first protective film 309 may be high-density polyethylene, medium-density polyethylene, low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene, or unstretched polypropylene having a film thickness of 30 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the third protective film 311 may be an aluminum vapor-deposited film having a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 18 ⁇ m or less or an aluminum foil having a film thickness of 6.5 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m or less.
  • the second protective film 313 may be biaxially stretched polypropylene, biaxially stretched nylon, or polyethylene terephthalate with a film thickness of 12 ⁇ m or more and 28 ⁇ m or less.
  • the first protective film 309, the second protective film 313, and the third protective film 311 can be stacked alternately.
  • a part 307 of the protective film is not thermally welded but remains.
  • the aerogel 303 is evacuated from a part 307 of the protective film. After evacuation, a part of the protective film 307 is blocked by thermal welding.
  • the pressure in the package after evacuation is atmospheric pressure to 10kPa. Even if the transparent monolithic aerogel remains intact, the heat insulation is high. Therefore, the heat insulation material of the present embodiment can obtain high heat insulation even if the vacuum degree is lower than that of a normal vacuum heat insulation material. In addition, by using the metal film in the heat insulating material of this embodiment, the airtightness after sealing can be kept high.
  • a transparent monolithic aerogel can be used as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can improve the thermal insulation performance by appropriately decompressing the aerogel package.
  • an aluminum vapor-deposited film or aluminum foil as a protective film, airtightness can be sufficiently ensured.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are front views of the refrigerator 401 using the transparent heat insulating material of the present invention.
  • 5 is a side view of the refrigerator 401 using the transparent heat insulating material of the present invention. The application of the transparent heat insulating material of the present invention to the refrigerator 401 will be described with reference to the embodiments of FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the refrigerator 401 includes a refrigerator compartment 403, a vegetable compartment 404 and a freezer compartment 405.
  • the door 413 of the refrigerator compartment 403 includes a handle 407.
  • a handle is also provided on the door of the freezer compartment 405.
  • the refrigerator compartment 403 includes an outer box 409 and an inner box 411 made of transparent glass or resin.
  • the freezer compartment 405 also includes a transparent outer box and a transparent inner box.
  • a plurality of transparent heat insulating materials 415 are provided in the door body 413.
  • Each transparent heat insulation material is a square with a size of 20 square centimeters. Therefore, in the door body 413, the transparent heat insulation material 415 is arranged in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the refrigerator 401 and covered with the transparent heat insulation material.
  • transparent heat insulation material 415 is arranged in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the refrigerator 401 and covered with the transparent heat insulation material.
  • the door body of the refrigerator 401 of this embodiment is made of transparent glass or resin. Therefore, through the transparent door body and the transparent heat insulating material, the stored objects in the refrigerator can be viewed through the door body.
  • the door of the freezer compartment 405 is also made of transparent glass or resin, and is also covered with a transparent heat insulating material. Therefore, the freezer compartment 405 can be viewed through the door of the freezer compartment 405 in the refrigerator.
  • a transparent heat insulating material 419 is provided between the inner box and the outer box on the left side 417 of the refrigerator 401.
  • the left side surface 417 is arranged in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the refrigerator 401 and is covered with a plurality of transparent heat insulating materials 419.
  • the right side is similarly arranged in the longitudinal and lateral directions of the refrigerator 401 and covered with a plurality of transparent heat insulating materials.
  • the refrigerator 401 of the present embodiment is provided with a transparent heat insulating material 423 between the transparent inner box and the transparent outer box, it is possible to view the stored items in the refrigerator from the side.
  • a transparent heat insulating material 423 may be provided on the back surface 421 of the refrigerator 401.
  • the back surface 421 of the refrigerator 401 is provided with structures such as multiple air ducts, an opaque condenser 437, an evaporator 441, and piping 439.
  • the back surface 421 of the refrigerator 401 since the back surface 421 of the refrigerator 401 is often installed toward the wall, it may not be transparent.
  • a transparent heat insulating material 427 may be provided on the top plate 425. If it is a refrigerator with a low height, the contents stored in the refrigerator can be viewed from above. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a transparent heat insulating material 431 may be provided on the bottom plate 429.
  • the intermediate partition 433 uses a transparent member, and a transparent heat insulating material 435 may be provided in the intermediate partition.
  • the refrigerator compartment 403 and the vegetable compartment 404 are partitioned by transparent glass or resin. Therefore, the refrigerator compartment 403, the vegetable compartment 404, and the freezer compartment 405 can recognize each other's indoor storage items.
  • the refrigerator 401 of the present embodiment includes an inner box and an outer box, but it is also possible to omit the inner box and arrange the heat insulating material in the refrigerator.
  • the transparent monolithic aerogel 103 is smaller than the door and outer wall of the refrigerator 401 is arranged, a plurality of heat insulating materials are arranged, but the monolithic aerogel 103 is smaller than that of the refrigerator 401.
  • the door body and outer wall are large enough, it can also be used as a single heat insulation material.
  • the refrigerator 401 provided by the present invention uses the transparent monolithic aerogel 103 as a heat insulating material.
  • the present invention can provide a transparent refrigerator 401, and by providing a transparent heat insulating material between the transparent outer box and the transparent inner box, the stored contents in the refrigerator can be viewed from the outside.
  • the conventional transparent refrigerator is partitioned by laminated glass, so it is heavy.
  • the aerogel 103 is very light, so the weight of the transparent refrigerator 401 can be reduced.
  • the present invention can be used as a heat insulating material. In addition, it can be applied to windows and refrigerators that require transparent heat insulating materials.

Abstract

一种隔热材及冰箱，该隔热材包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，保护膜包括膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯的单层；或者包括层叠体，所述层叠体包括：膜厚为30脚以上且50脚以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯；以及膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯；从而发挥透明气凝胶的特性而提供透明的隔热层。

Description

隔热材以及冰箱 技术领域
本发明涉及一种采用气凝胶的隔热材。另外，还涉及一种包括采用气凝胶的隔热材的冰箱。
背景技术
以冰箱为首，在各个领域盛行开发隔热材，其中，气凝胶是作为隔热材的芯材而被期待的新材料。以该气凝胶作为芯材且以包装材包装后的隔热材受到关注。
在日本专利第5669617号公报的专利文献中，公开了将气凝胶填充于密封容器来作为隔热材，并且，公开了密封容器由气密性薄膜组成以及密封容器内的压力处于101～104Pa的范围。
另一方面，近年，在气凝胶中还得到了透明的整料状(monolith)的气凝胶，这样的气凝胶是多孔质，比重轻。另外，气凝胶若细孔径小至数十纳米并且气孔率超过数十百分数，则将得到透明且隔热性优异的气凝胶。现在，关于这样的透明的整料状的气凝胶，得到了面积数十平方厘米且厚度数毫米的气凝胶。
(发明要解决的问题)
虽然探讨了一种包装，其将不透明的粉末状、纤维中含有的气凝胶用于隔热材，但并未充分探讨将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材的包装。若在气密性薄膜中使用不透明的材料，则无法发挥气凝胶的透明的性质。另外，透明的整料状的气凝胶自身具有充分的隔热性，而由于是多孔质，因此即使包装内抽真空，也无法将空气充分抽走。
发明内容
本发明的目的是将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明的目的是发挥透明的气凝胶的特性而提供透明的隔热材。进而，本发明的目的是通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压来使隔热性能得以提高。进而，本发明的目的是提供一种透明的冰箱，通过在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有透明的隔热材而从外部观察冰箱内的保存物。
(用于解决问题的技术方案)
本发明提供一种隔热材，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，所述保护膜包括膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯的单层、或者包括层叠体，所述层叠体包括：膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯；以及膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
气凝胶脆且强度低，但通过以保护膜进行覆盖，从而增加强度，隔热材的处理变得容易。因 此，本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明通过将透明的整料状的气凝胶以透明的保护膜进行覆盖，能提供透明的隔热材。
本发明提供一种隔热材，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，所述保护膜是层叠体，所述层叠体包括：膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或者未拉伸聚丙烯；膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的透明蒸镀膜；以及膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，所述包装被减压为大气压至10kPa的范围。
本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明通过将透明的整料状的气凝胶以透明的保护膜进行覆盖，能提供透明的隔热材。进而，通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压，能使隔热性能得以提高。
本发明提供一种隔热材，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，所述保护膜是层叠体，所述层叠体包括：膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或者未拉伸聚丙烯；膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的透明或铝蒸镀膜或者膜厚为6.5μm以上且9μm以下的铝箔；以及膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，所述包装被减压为大气压至10kPa的范围。
本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压，能使隔热性能得以提高。进而，通过将铝蒸镀膜或者铝箔用于保护膜，能充分保证气密性。
本发明的冰箱在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有前述任一实施方式所述的隔热材。
本发明能够提供一种透明的冰箱，通过在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有透明的隔热材而能从外部观察冰箱内的保存物。现有的透明的冰箱由层叠玻璃进行分隔。故而重量重。气凝胶非常轻，因此能使透明的冰箱的重量轻。
关于本发明的冰箱，所述外箱和所述内箱由玻璃或者树脂构成。
通过使用玻璃或者树脂，能使外箱与内箱透明。
(发明效果)
本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明能发挥透明的气凝胶的特性而提供透明的隔热材。进而，本发明能通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压来使隔热性能得以提高。进而，本发明能提供一种透明的冰箱，通过在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有透明的隔热材而从外部观察冰箱内的保存物。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)A-A剖视图；
图2是表示本发明的第二实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)B-B剖视图；
图3是表示本发明的第三实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)C-C剖视图；
图4是采用本发明的透明的隔热材的冰箱的主视图；
图5是采用本发明的透明的隔热材的冰箱的侧视图。
标号说明：
101，隔热材；103，气凝胶；105，保护膜；107，第一保护膜；109，第二保护膜；
201，隔热材；203，气凝胶；205，保护膜；207，保护膜的一部分；209，第一保护膜；211，第三保护膜；213，第二保护膜；301，隔热材；303，气凝胶；305，保护膜；307，保护膜的一部分；309，第一保护膜；311，第三保护膜；313，第二保护膜；401，冰箱；403，冷藏室；404，蔬菜室；405，冷冻室；407，把手；409，外箱；411，内箱；413，门体；415，隔热材；417，左侧面；419，隔热材；421，背面；423，隔热材；425，顶板；427，隔热材；429，底板；431，隔热材；433，中间隔板；435，隔热材；437，冷凝器；439，配管；441，蒸发器
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图来说明用于实施本发明的各种实施方式。考虑到要点的说明或者理解的容易性，在不同附图中为了方便将标号改变或者设为相同来表示。考虑到要点的说明或者理解的容易性，为了方便将实施方式分开表示，但不同实施方式所示的结构能进行局部的置换或者组合。在第二实施方式以后考虑到第一实施方式和要点的说明或者理解的容易性，为了方便，将实施方式分开表示，但不同实施方式所示的结构能进行局部的置换或者组合。
(第一实施方式)
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)A-A剖视图。参照图1来说明第一实施方式。
如图1a所示，隔热材101包括由透明的保护膜105包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶103。透明的整料状的气凝胶103例如平均细孔为40nm以下，气孔率超过80％。另外，气凝胶103可以呈一边为20cm的正方形，且厚度为5mm左右。该大小只是例示，透明的整料状的气凝胶还可以更大。
透明的保护膜105将气凝胶103的周围以正方形或者仅以四边形进行包围且从上下夹持。保护膜105通过热熔接来密封气凝胶103。保护膜105可以是保护膜的单层或者层叠体。
在保护膜105为单层的情况下，透明的保护膜105可以是膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯。
另外，保护膜105可以是包含第一保护膜107和第二保护膜109的层叠体(例如，参照图 1b)。此时，气凝胶103由第一保护膜107从上下包围。进而，气凝胶103和第一保护膜107由第二保护膜109从上下包围。对第一保护膜107和第二保护膜109进行热熔接，来密封气凝胶103。
第一保护膜107可以是膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯。第一保护膜是透明的。
另外，第二保护膜109可以是膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。第二保护膜是透明的。第一保护膜107与第二保护膜109可以更换层叠。
气凝胶脆且强度低，但通过以保护膜进行覆盖，从而增加强度，隔热材的处理变得容易。本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明通过将透明的整料状的气凝胶以透明的保护膜进行覆盖，能提供透明的隔热材。
(第二实施方式)
图2是表示本发明的第二实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)B-B剖视图。参照图2来说明第二实施方式。
第二实施方式与第一实施方式不同之处在于设置有第三保护膜211。另外，第二实施方式与第一实施方式不同之处在于在保护膜205的内部被抽真空且被减压。
如图2a所示，与第一实施方式同样，隔热材201包括由透明的保护膜205包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶203。如图2b所示，透明的保护膜205是包括第一保护膜209、第三保护膜211和第二保护膜213的层叠体。
气凝胶203由第一保护膜209从上下包围。进而，气凝胶203和第一保护膜209由第三保护膜211从上下包围。进而，气凝胶203、第一保护膜209和第三保护膜211由第二保护膜213从上下包围。对第一保护膜209、第三保护膜211和第二保护膜213进行热熔接来密封气凝胶203。
第一保护膜209可以是膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯。第一保护膜是透明的。
第三保护膜211可以是膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的透明蒸镀膜。
另外，第二保护膜213可以是膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。第二保护膜是透明的。第一保护膜209、第二保护膜213和第三保护膜211可以更换层叠。
如图2a所示，与第一实施方式不同，保护膜的一部分207未被热熔接而是被保留从该保护膜的一部分207对气凝胶203进行抽真空。在经过抽真空后，该保护膜的一部分207通过热熔接 进行封堵。
经过抽真空后的包装内的压力是大气压至10kPa。透明的整料状的气凝胶即使保持原状，隔热性也高，因此本实施方式的隔热材即使真空度低于通常的真空隔热材，也能得到高的隔热性。
本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明能发挥透明的气凝胶的特性，能提供透明的隔热材。进而，本发明通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压，能使隔热性能得以提高。
(第三实施方式)
图3是表示本发明的第三实施方式的隔热材的(a)俯视图和(b)C-C剖视图。参照图3来说明第三实施方式。
第三实施方式与第一实施方式不同在于设置非透明的第三保护膜311。另外，第三实施方式与第一实施方式不同之处在于在保护膜305的内部被抽真空且被减压。
如图3a所示，与第一实施方式同样，隔热材301包括由保护膜305包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶303。如图3b所示，保护膜305是包括第一保护膜309、第三保护膜311和第二保护膜313的层叠体。
气凝胶303由第一保护膜309从上下包围。进而，气凝胶303和第一保护膜309由第三保护膜311从上下包围。进而，气凝胶303、第一保护膜309和第三保护膜311由第二保护膜313从上下包围。对第一保护膜309、第三保护膜311和第二保护膜313进行热熔接来密封气凝胶303。
第一保护膜309可以是膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯。
第三保护膜311可以是膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的铝蒸镀膜或者膜厚为6.5μm以上且9μm以下的铝箔。
另外，第二保护膜313可以是膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。第一保护膜309、第二保护膜313和第三保护膜311能更换层叠。
如图3a所示，与第一实施方式不同，保护膜的一部分307未被热熔接而是被保留。从该保护膜的一部分307对气凝胶303进行抽真空。在经过抽真空后，该保护膜的一部分307通过热熔接而被封堵。
经过抽真空后的包装内的压力是大气压至10kPa。透明的整料状的气凝胶即使保持原状，隔热性也高，因此本实施方式的隔热材即使真空度低于通常的真空隔热材，也能得到高的隔热性。另外，本实施方式的隔热材通过使用金属膜，能将密封后的气密性保持得较高。
本发明能将透明的整料状的气凝胶用于隔热材。另外，本发明通过将气凝胶的包装内适度减压，能提高隔热性能。另外，通过将铝蒸镀膜或者铝箔用于保护膜，能充分保证气密性。
(将本发明的透明的隔热材应用于冰箱的例子)
图4是采用本发明的透明的隔热材的冰箱401的主视图。图5是采用本发明的透明的隔热材的冰箱401的侧视图。参照图4以及图5的实施例，来说明将本发明的透明的隔热材在冰箱401中的应用。
如图4、图5所示，冰箱401包括冷藏室403、蔬菜室404和冷冻室405。冷藏室403的门体413包括把手407。虽未图示，但还在冷冻室405的门体设置把手。冷藏室403包括由透明的玻璃或者树脂构成的外箱409和内箱411。冷冻室405同样包括透明的外箱和透明的内箱。
如图4所示，在门体413之中设置多个透明的隔热材415。每个透明的隔热材呈大小为20平方厘米的正方形，因此在门体413中，在冰箱401的纵向与横向上排列且铺满有透明的隔热材415。在此，并非将全部透明的隔热材进行了图示，而是绘示了代表性的透明的隔热材。
本实施方式的冰箱401的门体由透明的玻璃或者树脂构成。因此，通过透明的门体和透明的隔热材，能穿过门体来视认冰箱内的保存物。虽未图示，但冷冻室405的门体同样由透明的玻璃或者树脂构成，同样被透明的隔热材铺满。因此，针对冷冻室405，能穿过其门体来视认冰箱内的保存物。
如图4和图5所示，在冰箱401的左侧面417的内箱与外箱之间设置有透明的隔热材419。如图5所示，左侧面417与门体413同样，在冰箱401的纵向与横向上排列且铺满有多个透明的隔热材419。虽然在此描述了左侧面，但右侧面也同样，在冰箱401的纵向与横向上排列且铺满有多个透明的隔热材。
本实施方式的冰箱401由于在透明的内箱与透明的外箱之间设置有透明的隔热材423，因此还能从侧面视认冰箱内的保存物。
如图5所示，还可以在冰箱401的背面421设置有透明的隔热材423。冰箱401的背面421设置有多风道等构造物、非透明的冷凝器437、蒸发器441以及配管439。另外，冰箱401的背面421多数情况下朝向壁进行设置，故而，可以不设为透明。
如图4以及图5所示，还可以在顶板425设置透明的隔热材427。若为高度低的冰箱，则能从上面视认冰箱内的保存物。如图4以及图5所示，还可以在底板429设置透明的隔热材431。
如图5所示，中间隔板433使用透明的构件，还可以在中间隔板中设置透明的隔热材435。另外，冷藏室403与蔬菜室404之间由透明的玻璃或者树脂进行分隔。因此，冷藏室403、蔬菜室404以及冷冻室405能视认彼此的室内的保存物。
本实施方式的冰箱401包括内箱和外箱，但还可以采用省略内箱而将隔热材配置于冰箱内的方式。另外，虽然例示了在透明的整料状的气凝胶103比冰箱401的门体、外壁小时，将隔热材 排列多个的情况，但整料状的气凝胶103在比冰箱401的门体、外壁足够大的情况下，还能作为1个隔热材进行使用。
如此，本发明提供的冰箱401，其将透明的整料状的气凝胶103用于隔热材。尤其是，本发明能提供透明的冰箱401，通过在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有透明的隔热材，从而能从外部视认冰箱内的保存物。
另外，现有的透明的冰箱由层叠玻璃进行分隔，故而重量重。气凝胶103非常轻，因此能减轻透明的冰箱401的重量。
(工业实用性)
本发明能作为隔热材进行利用。另外，能应用于需要透明的隔热材的窗、冰箱等。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种隔热材，其特征在于，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，
    所述保护膜包括膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯的单层、或者
    所述保护膜包括层叠体，所述层叠体包括：膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯；以及膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的隔热材，其特征在于，所述气凝胶的平均细孔为40nm以下，气孔率超过80％。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的隔热材，其特征在于，所述保护膜是膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或未拉伸聚丙烯。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的隔热材，其特征在于，所述保护膜是所述层叠体。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的隔热材，其特征在于，密封气凝胶将所述气凝胶的周围进行包围且从上下夹持，密封气凝胶密封所述气凝胶。
  6. 一种隔热材，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，
    所述保护膜是层叠体，所述层叠体包括：
    膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或者未拉伸聚丙烯；
    膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的透明蒸镀膜；以及
    膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，
    所述包装被减压为大气压至10kPa的范围。
  7. 一种隔热材，包括由保护膜包装的透明的整料状的气凝胶，
    所述保护膜是层叠体，所述层叠体包括：
    膜厚为30μm以上且50μm以下的高密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、低密度聚乙烯、直链状低密度聚乙烯或者未拉伸聚丙烯；
    膜厚为12μm以上且18μm以下的铝蒸镀膜或者膜厚为6.5μm以上且9μm以下的铝箔；以及
    膜厚为12μm以上且28μm以下的双向拉伸聚丙烯、双向拉伸尼龙或者聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，
    所述包装被减压为大气压至10kPa的范围。
  8. 一种冰箱，其特征在于，在透明的外箱与透明的内箱之间设置有权利要求1至7中任一项所述的隔热材。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的冰箱，其特征在于，所述外箱和所述内箱由玻璃或者树脂构成。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的冰箱，其特征在于，还包括透明的门体，所述门体中也设置有所述隔热材。
PCT/CN2019/123673 2018-12-27 2019-12-06 隔热材以及冰箱 WO2020134973A1 (zh)

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