WO2020133366A1 - 一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 - Google Patents
一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020133366A1 WO2020133366A1 PCT/CN2018/125374 CN2018125374W WO2020133366A1 WO 2020133366 A1 WO2020133366 A1 WO 2020133366A1 CN 2018125374 W CN2018125374 W CN 2018125374W WO 2020133366 A1 WO2020133366 A1 WO 2020133366A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reef
- ginseng
- plate
- artificial
- apostichopus japonicus
- Prior art date
Links
- 241000965254 Apostichopus japonicus Species 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 189
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 189
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 189
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 189
- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 claims description 56
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 26
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 19
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 12
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/70—Artificial fishing banks or reefs
- A01K61/73—Artificial fishing banks or reefs assembled of components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Definitions
- Low survival rate the traditional ginseng reefs (rocks, cement components, etc.) and their setting methods are mostly available for the sea cucumbers to inhabit, attach, and shelter in a small area, and they cannot provide sufficient bait, which leads to the survival of the sea cucumbers.
- the rate is low, especially the survival rate of ginseng seedlings under 120 head/kg is less than 50%.
- Stichopus japonicus grows slowly and the breeding cycle is long: because of the bottom sowing, the stichopus japonicus cannot be artificially fed to supplement bait, and the traditional ginseng reef (stones, cement components, etc.) and its setting method are not conducive to water exchange, nutrients and water Biological bait resources reproduce slowly and in small quantities, resulting in slow growth of sea cucumbers and long breeding cycles.
- the invention also provides a method for using the artificial ginseng reef to carry out seabed cultivation of sea cucumber, including the following steps:
- the size of the ginseng seedlings in step 2) is 30-500 heads/kg.
- the first reef plate (1) and the second reef plate (2) of the artificial ginseng reef provided by the present invention are connected in an inverted "V" shape, suitable for sowing sea cucumber propagation in shallow seabed, and can increase the sea cucumber. And the attachment area of organic matter such as biological bait to improve practical efficiency; the first reef plate (1) and the second reef plate (2) are evenly provided with circular holes to increase the attachment area of the sea cucumber and increase the unit area parameter The amount of seedlings to be injected, while ensuring the circulation of seawater, minimizes the impact on the ecological environment.
- the surface of the artificial ginseng reef is a hemp surface, which is conducive to the attachment of ginseng seedlings.
- the method of the present invention can reduce the lower limit of the ginseng seedling delivery specification and increase the survival rate of ginseng seedlings.
- the survival rate of ginseng seedlings with a size of less than 120 heads/kg is lower than 50%.
- the survival rate of ginseng seedlings can reach 98% ⁇ 100%, 50 heads/pound can reach 94 ⁇ %96%, 100 heads/pound can reach 89% ⁇ 92%, 150 heads/pound can reach 84% ⁇ 87%, 500 heads / Jin can reach 76%.
- the hole is preferably a circular hole, and may also be a polygon, such as a quadrilateral or a hexagon.
- the diameter of the circular hole is preferably 0.2 to 0.4 m, more preferably 0.25 to 0.35 m, and most preferably 0.3m; when the hole is a polygon, the diagonal length of the hole polygon is preferably 0.2 to 0.4m, more preferably 0.25 to 0.35m, and most preferably 0.3m.
- the first reef plate (1) and the second reef plate (2) are not provided with a circular hole at 0.4 to 0.6 m near the free end, and more preferably 0.5 m near the free end
- a circular hole at 0.4 to 0.6 m near the free end, and more preferably 0.5 m near the free end
- the material of the first reef slab (1) and the second reef slab (2) of the artificial ginseng reef is ordinary concrete material, preferably ordinary concrete with the reference number C20-C30; the first reef slab ( 1)
- the surface of the second reef board (2) is preferably hemp surface, which is more conducive to the adhesion of organic matter such as sea cucumber and biological bait.
- the ginseng seedlings are thrown into the sea area where the artificial ginseng reef is located at a density of 7 to 15 heads per square meter for propagation.
- the ginseng seedlings are preferably those that stop eating for 1 to 3 days after cultivation, and the cultivation includes pond cage cultivation and workshop cultivation; the specifications of the ginseng seedlings are preferably 30 to 500 heads per catty.
- the feeding density of ginseng seedlings is preferably determined according to the specifications of the ginseng seedlings.
- the specific density of ginseng seedlings with 25 to 35 heads per catty is 7 to 10 heads per square meter; the density of ginseng seedlings with 45 to 55 heads per kg 7-11 heads/m2; 90 ⁇ 110 heads/kg of ginseng seedlings are 7.5 ⁇ 12 heads/m2; 145 ⁇ 155 heads/kg of ginseng seedlings are 8-13 heads/m2 ; The stocking density of 480-520 heads/kg of ginseng seedlings is 9-15 heads/m2.
- the delivery time of the ginseng seedlings depends on the location of the sea area, and is preferably from April to May or October to November.
- the method of putting ginseng seedlings is preferably placed in the water or directly sprinkled; more preferably, it is placed in the water, and the water is preferably placed in a bag and placed by the diver to the artificial ginseng reef.
- the seedling density is 10 heads/m 2. In April and October 2017, a total of about 6.656 million heads (83200 kg) were put in.
- the artificial ginseng reef structure used is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is the first reef plate, 2 is the second reef plate, and 3 is the circular hole.
- the ginseng reef facility group is arranged in an inverted "W" as a whole and arranged in a " ⁇ " type.
- the angle between the free end of the outermost artificial ginseng reef in the ginseng facility group and the current direction is 15°, each phase
- the adjacent two ginseng reef facility groups are separated by 40m.
- Each ginseng reef facility group includes 13 artificial ginseng reefs.
- the length and width of the artificial ginseng reef is 2m, and the diameter of the circular hole is 0.2m.
- the length is 26m, the width is 2m, and the height is 1.732m.
- ship cranes are used to randomly place and mix stones and square-shaped cement components in the designated sea area at 240 acres for a total of more than 2,600 cubic meters.
- the seeding density is 13 heads/m 2 , about 2.428 million heads (10449kg) were put on November 5, 2016, and 4.52 million heads (17343kg) were put on May 13, 2017, totaling 6.948 million heads (27792kg).
- the artificial ginseng reef structure used is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is the first reef plate, 2 is the second reef plate, and 3 is the circular hole.
- the ginseng reef facility group is arranged in an inverted "W” and arranged in a " ⁇ " shape.
- the angle between the free end of the outermost artificial ginseng reef in the ginseng facility group and the current direction is 10°, each phase
- the interval between adjacent two ginseng reef facility groups is 50m.
- Each ginseng reef facility group includes 4 artificial ginseng reefs.
- the length and width of the artificial ginseng reef is 2m.
- the diameter of the circular hole is 0.35m. It is 8m long, 2m wide, and 1.732m high.
- the seedling density is 8 heads/m 2.
- 1.121 million heads (4484kg) were put in, and on May 12, 2017, 3.238 million heads (12952kg) were put in, totaling 4.359 million heads (17436kg).
- ship cranes are used to randomly place and mix stones and square-shaped cement components in the designated sea area at 240 acres for a total of more than 2,600 cubic meters.
- the seedling density is 8 heads/m 2. About 1.12 million heads (4038kg) were put on November 9, 2016, and 3.22 million heads (13322kg) were put on May 16, 2017, totaling 4.34 million heads (17360kg).
- Example 3 and Comparative Example 3 it can be seen that the method of the present invention can increase the growth rate of ginseng seedlings by more than 10% and improve the survival rate under the same sea environment, seedling specifications, seedling density and other conditions.
- the rate is more than 12%
- the recovery rate is increased by more than 32%
- the output of sea cucumber is increased by more than 45%
- the output of other catches is increased by more than 18%.
- the artificial ginseng reef structure used is shown in Figure 1, where 1 is the first reef plate, 2 is the second reef plate, and 3 is the circular hole.
- the ginseng reef facility group is arranged in an inverted "W” and arranged in a " ⁇ " type.
- the angle between the free end of the outermost artificial ginseng reef in the ginseng facility group and the direction of the current is 25°, each phase
- the interval between adjacent two ginseng reef facility groups is 30m.
- Each ginseng reef facility group includes 6 artificial ginseng reefs.
- the length and width of the artificial ginseng reef is 2m, and the diameter of the circular hole is 0.25m.
- the length is 12m, the width is 2m, and the height is 1.732m.
- the seedling density is 14 heads/m 2. On May 6, 2015, 3.92 million heads (3890 kg) were put in, and on November 12, 2015, 7.28 million heads (7310 kg) were put in, totaling 11.2 million heads (11200 kg).
- the seedling density is 14 heads/m 2. About 3.9 million heads (3977kg) were put on May 11, 2015, and 7.22 million heads (7143kg) were put on November 12, 2015, totaling 11.12 million heads (11120kg).
- Example 4 According to Example 4 and Comparative Example 4, it can be seen that the method of the present invention can increase the growth rate of ginseng seedlings by more than 2% and improve the survival rate under the same sea environment, seedling specifications, seedling density, etc.
- the rate is more than 34%
- the recovery rate is increased by more than 45%
- the total output of sea cucumber is increased by more than 49%
- the output of other catches is increased by more than 16%.
- the artificial ginseng reef structure used includes 1 first reef plate, 2 second reef plate, and 3 square holes.
- the length and width of the artificial ginseng reef plate is 1.5m, and the holes in the ginseng reef are squares with a length of 0.3m.
- the two ginseng reef plates are connected by an inverted "V" at an internal angle of 65° to form an artificial ginseng reef.
- Each ginseng facility group includes 8 artificial ginseng reefs.
- Each ginseng facility group has a length of 12m, a width of 1.5m, and a height of 1.265m.
- the ginseng reef facility group is arranged in an inverted "W” and arranged in a " ⁇ " shape.
- the angle between the free end of the outermost artificial ginseng reef in the ginseng facility group and the current direction is 10°, each phase There is an interval of 30m between the two adjacent reef facility groups.
- the reef facility groups are placed at designated points in the designated sea area using ship cranes.
- the seedling density is 9 heads/m 2 , 1.22 million heads (20333kg) were placed on May 12, 2016, and 2.4 million heads (40000kg) were added on November 2, 2016, totaling 3.62 million heads (60333kg).
- the seedling density is 9 heads/m 2. About 1.25 million heads (20833kg) were put on May 7, 2016, and 2.37 million heads (39500kg) were put on November 3, 2016, totaling 3.62 million heads (60333kg).
- Example 5 Comparative Example 5, it can be seen that the method of the present invention can increase the growth rate of ginseng seedlings by more than 13% and improve the survival rate under the same sea environment, seedling specifications, seedling density and other conditions.
- the rate is more than 11%
- the recovery rate is increased by more than 34%
- the total output of sea cucumber is increased by more than 51.8%
- the output of other catches is increased by more than 16%.
- the artificial ginseng reef used includes 1 first reef plate, 2 second reef plate, and 3 hexagonal holes.
- the artificial ginseng reef plate has a length and width of 2.5m
- the upper hole of the ginseng reef is a hexagon with a diagonal length of 0.3m
- the two ginseng reef plates are connected by an inverted "V" at an internal angle of 55° to form an artificial ginseng reef.
- Each ginseng facility group includes 12 artificial ginseng reefs.
- Each ginseng facility group has a length of 30m, a width of 2.5m, and a height of 2.218m.
- the ginseng reef facility group is arranged in an inverted "W" as a whole and arranged in a " ⁇ " type.
- the angle between the free end of the outermost artificial ginseng reef in the ginseng facility group and the current direction is 15°, each phase There is a 50m interval between two adjacent reef facility groups.
- the reef facility groups are placed at designated points in the designated sea area using ship cranes.
- the seedling density is 11 heads/m 2. On May 9, 2015, 1.83 million heads (6,100 kg) were placed. On November 4, 2015, 3.67 million heads (12,233 kg) were placed, totaling 5.5 million heads (18,333 kg).
- ship cranes are used to randomly place and mix 225 acres of stones and box-shaped cement components at designated points in the designated sea area.
- the seedling density is 11 heads/m 2 , about 1.85 million heads (6166.7kg) were put on May 9, 2015, and 3.65 million heads (12166.7kg) were put on November 4, 2015, totaling 5.5 million heads (18333.3 kg).
- Example 6 and Comparative Example 6 it can be seen that the method of the present invention can increase the growth rate of ginseng seedlings by more than 25% and improve the survival rate under the same sea environment, seedling specifications, seedling density and other conditions.
- the rate is more than 18%
- the recovery rate is increased by more than 33%
- the output of sea cucumber is increased by more than 66%
- the output of other catches is increased by more than 17%.
- the artificial ginseng reef and method provided by the present invention can greatly increase the suitable seedling density, increase the survival rate of proliferation, shorten the cultivation period, increase the recovery rate and the harvested amount of other catch resources.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
一种人工参礁及利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法,所述人工参礁包括普通混凝土材料的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2),所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒"V"形连接,并且,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置有孔洞(3)且两者一体成型。所述方法包括的步骤有:1)将若干个所述人工参礁按倒"W"形拼接为一个参礁设施组,所述参礁设施组呈"彡"形平行排列在海底,所述相邻两个参礁设施组之间的间隔为30-50m,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为10-25°;2)将参苗按照7~15头/平方米的密度投放至人工参礁所在海域进行增殖;3)12~36个月后收获刺参。所述人工参礁及方法能够提升适宜的放苗密度、提高增殖成活率、缩短培养周期。
Description
本发明属于刺参养殖技术领域,尤其涉及一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法。
刺参底播增殖是一种健康、生态的养殖模式,即在适宜海区按一定密度投放一定规格的刺参苗种,使之在海底自然生长、不断增殖。上述适宜海区分为两种,一种是岩礁或砂石底质海区,可直接投放参苗;另一种是通过投放人工参礁对海底进行生境改造的海区,包括岩礁、砂石、硬泥沙等底质的海区。上述人工参礁的种类目前有很多,从材质上分主要有石块、水泥构件、混凝土构件、报废渔船和车辆以及牡蛎壳等,从形状上分主要有圆管形、立方体、长方体、三棱柱、梯台形等。人工参礁的合理设计和科学投放,不仅能够起到诱集刺参、为刺参提供遮蔽物的作用,还可以改善海底生态环境、提高生物资源量以供刺参摄食促其生长以及集聚鱼、虾等其他经济海产品进而增加产出效益。
目前投放人工参礁进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产主要存在以下问题:放苗密度及养殖单产量低:目前常用的石块以及人工设计的构件参礁往往易对海流产生阻挡,投放密度不能过大,大多不超过海区面积的30%,导致可供刺参利用的附着面积减少和放苗密度的降低(通常不超过3-7头/平方米),养成后单产大多在50-70kg/亩。成活率低:传统参礁(石块、水泥构件等)及其设置方法大多可供刺参栖息、附着及用于遮蔽的面积小,也无法提供充足的饵料,导致底播增殖的刺参成活率较低,尤其是投放120头/斤以下的参苗成活率就不足50%。刺参生长较慢,养殖周期长:因底播增殖刺参无法进行人工投喂补充饵料,加之传统参礁(石块、水泥构件等)及其设置方法不利于水体交换,水中的营养物质及生物饵料资源繁殖慢、量少,导致刺参生长缓慢,养殖周期长。回捕率低:传统的石块等参礁及其设置方法通常形状不规则、集参效果差,导致刺参设置较散、潜水员采捕困难。集渔效果差:传统参礁功能单一,设置方法也起不到引导海流和集渔的效果,或者效果很差,导致鱼虾等其他副产物少,效益低, 利润率大多在30%-40%。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种人工参礁及利用所述设施进行刺参海底养殖方法;所述人工参礁及方法能够大幅提升适宜放苗密度,提高增殖成活率,缩短培养周期,提高回捕率和其他渔获物资源的收获量。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供了以下技术方案:
一种人工参礁,所述人工参礁包括普通混凝土材料的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2);所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒“V”形连接,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置孔洞(3);所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)一体成型。
优选的,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)连接角的内角为50~70°。
优选的,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)连接角的内角为55~65°。
优选的,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的板面为麻面。
优选的,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的厚度为0.25~0.35m,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的长度为1.5m~2.5m,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的宽度为1.5m~2.5m。
优选的,所述孔洞为圆形孔洞,所述圆形孔洞的直径为0.2~0.4m。
优选的,所述孔洞为正多边形孔洞,所述正多边形孔洞的对角线为0.2~0.4m。
优选的,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)靠近自由端一侧的0.4~0.6m不设置孔洞。
本发明还提供了利用所述的人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将若干个所述人工参礁按照倒“W”形状拼接为一个参礁设施组,所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形平行排列在海底,所述相邻两个参礁设施组之间的间隔为30~50m;所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为10~25°;
2)将参苗按照7~15头/平方米的密度投放至人工参礁所在海域进行增殖;
3)12~36个月后收获刺参。
优选的,所述一个参礁设施组包括4~13个所述人工参礁。
优选的,步骤2)中所述参苗的投放时间为4~5月份或10~11月份。
优选的,步骤2)中所述参苗的规格为30~500头/斤。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的人工参礁的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒“V”形连接,适于浅海底播增殖刺参,能够增加刺参及生物饵料等有机质的附着面积,提高实用效率;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置圆形孔洞,在增大刺参的附着面积,提高单位面积参苗的投放量,同时保障海水的流通性,最大限度减少对生态环境的影响。
进一步的,所述人工参礁的表面为麻面,利于参苗的附着。
本发明提供的利用所述的人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法,通过将所述人工参礁组成参礁设施组,并将所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形排列;使得所述参礁设施组的设置不阻挡海水正常流动,避免形成死水团,并能有效防止参礁移动;“彡”形排列可留出缓冲带形成环流,有利于交换海底有机质等可供刺参摄食的营养物质。人工参礁上的圆形孔洞能够减弱海水流速,利于底栖藻类繁殖和刺参的移动摄食,从而促进刺参生长,提高其他渔获物资源的收获量。
根据实施例记载,使用本发明所述的刺参海底养殖的方法,能够大幅提升适宜放苗密度,从常规的150头苗放3~5头/平方,提升至8~13头/平方。
本发明所述方法能够降低参苗投放规格下限,提高参苗成活率,按照传统方法投放规格120头/斤以下的参苗成活率低于50%,本发明所述方法投放30头/斤的参苗成活率可达98%~100%,50头/斤可达94~%96%,100头/斤可达89%~92%,150头/斤可达84%~87%,500头/斤可达76%。
本发明所述方法能够提高参苗的生长速度,不同规格组别的参苗的生长速率均有所提高。
本发明所述方法还能够提高回捕率,常规方法的回捕率在40%左右,本发明所述方法可达到45.8%~58.2%。
本发明所述方法还能够增加15%以上的其他渔获物资源量,增加经济收益。
说明书附图
图1为本发明所述人工参礁的结构示意图;
图2为本发明所述人工参礁在海底的投放示意图。
本发明提供了一种人工参礁,所述人工参礁包括普通混凝土材料的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2);所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒“V”形连接,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置孔洞;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)一体成型。本发明所述人工参礁的结构如图1所示,其中1为第一礁板,2为第二礁板,3为圆形孔洞。
在本发明中,所述人工参礁的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒“V”形连接,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的连接角内角优选为50~70°,更优选为55~65°,最优选为60°;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的连接角内角在上述角度范围内,可使人工参礁的第一礁板和第二礁板与海底平面组成结构稳定的等边/或接近等边三角形,有利于整个礁体构件在海底牢固放置、不易被海流移动。如果此内角过小,则构件重心升高且受海流推力面积增加,不利于礁体构件稳固,同时两块礁板的坡度变陡也不利于海参等生物附着。如果此内角过大,则人工参礁的第一礁板和第二礁板与海底平面夹角变小,整个礁体构件的有效可附着面积也变小。
本发明中所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置孔洞。本发明中,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的厚度优选为0.25~0.35m,更优选为0.28~0.32m,最优选为0.3m;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的长度优选为1.5m~2.5m,更优选为1.7~2.3m,最优选为2.0m;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的宽度优选为1.5m~2.5m,更优选为1.7~2.3m,最优选为2.0m。本发明中,所述孔洞优选为圆形孔洞,还可以为多边形,例如四边形或六边形,所述圆形孔洞的直径优选为0.2~0.4m,更优选为 0.25~0.35m,最优选为0.3m;当所述孔洞为多边形时,所述孔洞多边形的对角线长度优选为0.2~0.4m,更优选为0.25~0.35m,最优选为0.3m。本发明中,优选的所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)靠近自由端一侧的0.4~0.6m不设置圆形孔洞,更优选为靠近自由端一侧的0.5m不设置圆形孔洞;这是因为当人工参礁投放海底后,必定有一定的淤陷,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)靠近自由端的部分会插入海底的淤泥中,即使设置圆形孔洞也起不到防止阻挡海流的目的,不设置圆形孔洞能够增加所述人工参礁在海底的固定性,减少人工参礁的移动。
本发明中,所述人工参礁的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的材料为普通混凝土材料,优选为标号为C20-C30的普通混凝土;所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的板面优选为麻面,麻面更有利于刺参及生物性饵料等有机质的附着。
本发明提供了一种利用所述的人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法,包括以下步骤:1)将若干个所述人工参礁按照倒“W”形状拼接为一个参礁设施组,所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形平行排列在海底,所述相邻两个参礁设施组之间的间隔为30~50m;所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为10~25°;2)将参苗按照7~15头/平方米的密度投放至人工参礁所在海域进行增殖;3)12~36个月后收获刺参。
本发明在人工参礁投放之前选择合适的海区,所述海区优选为潮流畅通、海底无大的暗流的海区;所述海区优选为水质清新,无污染,无大量淡水注入;所述海区周年水温变化范围优选在2℃~27℃,所述海区的海水的pH值变化范围优选在7.8-8.4;所述海区的盐度范围变化优选为25~33,所述海区海水中的含泥量优选在20%以下,所述海区的底质优选为砂砾、岩礁底。
本发明在选择合适的海区后,将若干个所述人工参礁按照倒“W”形状拼接为一个参礁设施组,所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形平行排列在海底。在本发明中,所述一个参礁设施组优选的包括4~13个所述人工参礁,更优选为5~9个;本发明中,所述倒“W”形状的参礁设施组不阻挡海水正常流动,避免形成死水团,并能有效防止参礁移动。本发明中,所述相邻 两个参礁设施组之间的间隔为30~50m,优选为35~45m,最优选为40m;本发明中,所述人工参礁在海底的投放示意图如图2所示,其中4为海平面,5为海底,箭头所指方向为海流方向。本发明中,所述参礁设施组与海流方向之间的夹角θ优选为10~25°,更优选为12~22°,最优选为15~20°;所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形平行排列的方式能够留出缓冲带形成环流,环流有利于交换海底有机质等可供刺参摄食的营养物质。
本发明在投放人工参礁后,将参苗按照7~15头/平方米的密度投放至人工参礁所在海域进行增殖。在本发明中,所述参苗优选为培育后停食1~3d的参苗,所述培育包括池塘网箱培育和车间培育;所述参苗的规格优选为30~500头/斤,所述参苗的投放密度优选的根据参苗的规格而定,具体的25~35头/斤的参苗的投放密度为7~10头/平方米;45~55头/斤的参苗的投放密度为7-11头/平方米;90~110头/斤的参苗的投放密度为7.5~12头/平方米;145~155头/斤的参苗的投放密度为8~13头/平方米;480~520头/斤的参苗的投放密度为9~15头/平方米。本发明中,所述参苗的投放时间按照海区的位置而定,优选为4~5月份或10~11月份。本发明中所述参苗的投放方法优选为下水放置或直接洒播;更优选为下水放置,所述下水放置优选为将参苗放入袋中,由潜水员定位至人工参礁后投放。
本发明在投放参苗后,12~36个月后收获刺参。本发明对所述收获刺参的方法没有特殊限定,采用本领域常规的刺参收获方法即可。
下面结合实施例对本发明提供的技术方案进行详细的说明,但是不能把它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
以下实施例1-4中每个参礁构件的孔洞均为圆形,连接角内角均为优选的60度,即每个参礁构件按倒“V”字置于海底后与海底组成等边三角形;实施例5参礁连接角内角为65度;实施例6参礁构件孔洞为六边形。
成活率=收获时存活个体数量(包括逃逸出放苗区的)÷投放苗种数量×100%。回捕率=收获个体数量(仅放苗区域)÷投放苗种数量×100%。
实施例1
威海荣成海区(1000亩)
(1)所用人工参礁结构如图1所示,其中1为第一礁板,2为第二礁板,3为圆形孔洞。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为20°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔30m,每个参礁设施组包括9个人工参礁,人工参礁的长宽均为2m,圆形孔洞的直径为0.3m;每个参礁设施组的长为18m、宽为2m、高为1.732m。采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经池塘网箱培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为30头/斤-50头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按10头/m
2,2017年4月25日投放约266.8万头(33325kg),2017年10月26日投放约400万头(50025kg),共计666.8万头(83350kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获规格为141.8g/头的商品鲜参316.7万头(449.1吨),回捕率为47.5%,成活率为98.1%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2987.65kg·km
-2。
对比例1
2017年起,在威海荣成海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产。
(1)在1000亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁300亩,共计投礁量3250余方。
(2)选择经池塘网箱培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为30头/斤-50头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按10头/m
2,2017年4月、10月两次共投放约665.6万头(83200kg)。
(4)2018年5月下旬,刺参平均规格生长为约103.2g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约210.1万头(216.8吨),回捕率为31.6%,成活率为89.4%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源 密度约为2598.21kg·km
-2。
根据实施例1和对比例1,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度37%以上,提高成活率10%以上,提高回捕率50%以上,综合提高刺参产量107%以上,提高其他渔获物产量15%以上。
实施例2
烟台蓬莱海区(800亩)
(1)所用人工参礁结构如图1所示,其中1为第一礁板,2为第二礁板,3为圆形孔洞。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为15°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔40m,每个参礁设施组包括13个人工参礁,人工参礁的长宽为2m,圆形孔洞的直径为0.2m;每个参礁设施组的长为26m、宽为2m、高为1.732m。采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经池塘网箱培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为100头/斤-150头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按13头/m
2,2016年11月2日投放242.8万头(10405.7kg),2017年5月8日投放450.9万头(17342.3kg),共计693.7万头(27748kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获规格为128.5g/头的商品鲜参317.6万头(408.1吨),回捕率为45.8%,成活率为90.4%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2176.37kg·km
-2。
对比例2
2016年起,在烟台蓬莱海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产。
(1)在800亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁240亩,共计投礁量2600余方。
(2)选择经池塘网箱培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为100头/斤-150头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按13头/m
2,2016年11月5日投放约242.8万头(10449kg),2017年5月13日投放452万头(17343kg),共计694.8万头(27792kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,刺参平均规格生长为约93.4g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约279.3万头(260.9吨),回捕率为40.2%,成活率为78.2%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为1870.54kg·km
-2。
根据实施例2和对比例2,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度38%以上,提高成活率16%以上,提高回捕率14%以上,综合提高刺参产量56%以上,提高其他渔获物产量16%以上。
实施例3
青岛崂山海区(800亩)
(1)所用人工参礁结构如图1所示,其中1为第一礁板,2为第二礁板,3为圆形孔洞。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为10°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔50m,每个参礁设施组包括4个人工参礁,人工参礁的长宽为2m,圆形孔洞的直径为0.35m;每个参礁设施组的长为8m、宽为2m、高为1.732m。采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经车间培育的刺参苗种,所选参苗规格为100头/斤-150头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按8头/m
2,2016年11月6日投放112.1万头(4484kg),2017年5月12日投放323.8万头(12952kg),共计435.9万头(17436kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获规格为115.4g/头的商品鲜参223.2万头(257.6吨),回捕率为51.2%,成活率为91.3%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为1998.76kg·km
-2。
对比例3
2016年11月起,在青岛崂山海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海 底播增殖生产。
(1)在800亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁240亩,共计投礁量2600余方。
(2)选择经车间培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为100头/斤-150头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按8头/m
2,2016年11月9日投放约112万头(4038kg),2017年5月16日投放322万头(13322kg),共计434万头(17360kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,刺参平均规格生长为约105.2g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约168.8万头(177.6吨),回捕率为38.9%,成活率为81.3%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为1696.74kg·km
-2。
根据实施例3和对比例3,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度10%以上,提高成活率12%以上,提高回捕率32%以上,综合提高刺参产量45%以上,提高其他渔获物产量18%以上。
实施例4
日照三山岛海区(1200亩)
(1)所用人工参礁结构如图1所示,其中1为第一礁板,2为第二礁板,3为圆形孔洞。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为25°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔30m,每个参礁设施组包括6个人工参礁,人工参礁的长宽为2m,圆形孔洞的直径为0.25m;每个参礁设施组的长为12m、宽为2m、高为1.732m。采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经车间培育的刺参苗种,所选参苗规格约为500头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按14头/m
2,2015年5月6日投放392万头(3890kg),2015年11月12日投放728万头(7310kg),共计1120万头(11200kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获规格为92.4g/头的商品鲜参651.8万头(602.3吨),回捕率为58.2%,成活率为76.3%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密 度约为2256.87kg·km
-2。
对比例4
2015年5月起,在日照三山岛海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产。
(1)在1200亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁360亩,共计投礁量3900余方。
(2)选择经车间培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为500头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按14头/m
2,2015年5月11日投放约390万头(3977kg),2015年11月12日投放722万头(7143kg),共计1112万头(11120kg)。
(4)2018年5月、10月,刺参平均规格生长为约90.3g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约447万头(403.6吨),回捕率为40.2%,成活率为56.9%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为1948.26kg·km
-2。
根据实施例4和对比例4,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度2%以上,提高成活率34%以上,提高回捕率45%以上,综合提高刺参产量49%以上,提高其他渔获物产量16%以上。
实施例5
烟台长岛海区(600亩)
(1)所用人工参礁结构包括1第一礁板,2第二礁板,3正方形孔洞。人工参礁板的长宽为1.5m,参礁上孔洞为边长0.3m的正方形,两块参礁板按65°内角呈倒“V”字连接呈一个人工参礁。每个参礁设施组包括8个人工参礁,每个参礁设施组的长为12m、宽为1.5m,高为1.265m。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为10°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔30m,参礁设施组采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经车间培育的刺参苗种,所选参苗规格约为25-35头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按9头/m
2,2016年5月12日投放122万头(20333kg),2016年11月2日投放240万头(40000kg),共计362万头(60333kg)。
(4)2017年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获 规格为102.5g/头的商品鲜参173.1万头(177.4吨),回捕率为47.8%,成活率为98.4%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2974.13kg·km
-2。
对比例5
2016年5月起,在烟台长岛海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产。
(1)在600亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁180亩,共计投礁量1950余方。
(2)选择经车间培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为25-35头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按9头/m
2,2016年5月7日投放约125万头(20833kg),2016年11月3日投放237万头(39500kg),共计362万头(60333kg)。
(4)2017年5月、10月,刺参平均规格生长为约90.7g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约128.9万头(116.9吨),回捕率为35.6%,成活率为88.6%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2563.9kg·km
-2。
根据实施例5和对比例5,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度13%以上,提高成活率11%以上,提高回捕率34%以上,综合提高刺参产量51.8%以上,提高其他渔获物产量16%以上。
实施例6
威海乳山海区(750亩)
(1)所用人工参礁包括1第一礁板,2第二礁板,3六边形孔洞。人工参礁板的长宽为2.5m,参礁上孔洞为对角线长0.3m的六边形,两块参礁板按55°内角呈倒“V”字连接呈一个人工参礁。每个参礁设施组包括12个人工参礁,每个参礁设施组的长为30m、宽为2.5m,高为2.218m。所述参礁设施组呈倒“W”整体按“彡”型排列放置,所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流方向之间的夹角为15°,每相邻两个参礁设施组之间间隔50m,参礁设施组采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点投放。
(2)选择经车间培育的刺参苗种,所选参苗规格约为145-155头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按11头/m
2,2015年5月9日投放183万头(6100kg),2015年11月4日投放367万头(12233kg),共计550万头(18333kg)。
(4)2017年5月、10月,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。两季累计收获规格为121.4g/头的商品鲜参294.3万头(357.3吨),回捕率为53.5%,成活率为92.7%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2347.65kg·km
-2。
对比例6
2015年5月起,在威海乳山海区采用传统方法及设施进行刺参浅海底播增殖生产。
(1)在1200亩海区采用船栽吊车在指定海域定点随机、混合投放石块及方框型水泥构件参礁225亩,共计投礁量2400余方。
(2)选择经车间培育后的苗种,所选参苗规格为145-155头/斤。
(3)投苗密度按11头/m
2,2015年5月9日投放约185万头(6166.7kg),2015年11月4日投放365万头(12166.7kg),共计550万头(18333.3kg)。
(4)2017年5月、10月,刺参平均规格生长为约97.1g/头,潜水员下海人工拾取收获。共采捕商品参约221.5万头(215.1吨),回捕率为40.3%,成活率为78.6%。拖网调查各类鱼类、虾蟹类、头足类等经济渔获物资源密度约为2006.53kg·km
-2。
根据实施例6和对比例6,可以看出,在相同的海区环境、投苗规格、投苗密度等条件下,本发明所述方法较传统方法可提高参苗生长速度25%以上,提高成活率18%以上,提高回捕率33%以上,综合提高刺参产量66%以上,提高其他渔获物产量17%以上。
由上述实施例和对比例可知,本发明提供的人工参礁及方法能够大幅提升适宜放苗密度,提高增殖成活率,缩短培养周期,提高回捕率和其他渔获物资源的收获量。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (12)
- 一种人工参礁,其特征在于,所述人工参礁包括普通混凝土材料的第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2);所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)呈倒“V”形连接,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)上均匀设置孔洞(3);所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)一体成型。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)连接角的内角为50~70°。
- 根据权利要求2所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)连接角的内角为55~65°。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的板面为麻面。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的厚度为0.25~0.35m,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的长度为1.5m~2.5m,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)的宽度为1.5m~2.5m。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述孔洞为圆形孔洞,所述圆形孔洞的直径为0.2~0.4m。
- 根据权利要求1所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述孔洞为正多边形孔洞,所述正多边形孔洞的对角线为0.2~0.4m。
- 根据权利要求1或5所述的人工参礁,其特征在于,所述第一礁板(1)和第二礁板(2)靠近自由端一侧的0.4~0.6m不设置孔洞。
- 一种利用权利要求1~8任意一项所述的人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法,包括以下步骤:1)将若干个所述人工参礁按照倒“W”形状拼接为一个参礁设施组,所述参礁设施组呈“彡”形平行排列在海底,所述相邻两个参礁设施组之间的间隔为30~50m;所述参礁设施组中最外侧的人工参礁的自由端与海流 方向之间的夹角为10~25°;2)将参苗按照7~15头/平方米的密度投放至人工参礁所在海域进行增殖;3)12~36个月后收获刺参。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述一个参礁设施组包括4~13个所述人工参礁。
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中所述参苗的投放时间为4~5月份或10~11月份。
- 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,步骤2)中所述参苗的规格为30~500头/斤。
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019546317A JP6997791B2 (ja) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | 人工ナマコリーフを利用したマナマコの海底養殖方法 |
PCT/CN2018/125374 WO2020133366A1 (zh) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | 一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2018/125374 WO2020133366A1 (zh) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | 一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020133366A1 true WO2020133366A1 (zh) | 2020-07-02 |
Family
ID=71125851
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2018/125374 WO2020133366A1 (zh) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | 一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP6997791B2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2020133366A1 (zh) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112136733A (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-29 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心 | 一种刺参和单环刺螠工厂化立体生态养殖方法 |
CN112568158A (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 一种刺参、日本对虾、三疣梭子蟹和石莼绿色无公害养殖方法 |
CN112673998A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院(烟台市海洋科学技术研究所、烟台市渔业技术推广站、烟台市水生动物疫病防控中心) | 一种刺参与单环刺螠的循环养殖方法 |
CN115362957A (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | 用于珊瑚受精卵培育与珊瑚浮浪幼虫底播的装置及方法 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101040608A (zh) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-26 | 双长河 | 移动式海参礁 |
CN201349441Y (zh) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-11-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 复合型海珍品增殖人工鱼礁 |
KR101180523B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-07 | 이상민 | 해삼 및 전복용 초 |
CN203181787U (zh) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-09-11 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | 一种用于池塘海参养殖的组合式多层三角体人工礁 |
CN104686399A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | 一种应用于避光性鱼类驯养的人工鱼礁 |
CN204860565U (zh) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-12-16 | 杨书戈 | 一种多层v型网片人工渔礁 |
CN207653320U (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-27 | 刘胜艳 | 一种水产养殖用人工礁 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-29 WO PCT/CN2018/125374 patent/WO2020133366A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2018-12-29 JP JP2019546317A patent/JP6997791B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101040608A (zh) * | 2007-04-13 | 2007-09-26 | 双长河 | 移动式海参礁 |
CN201349441Y (zh) * | 2008-12-18 | 2009-11-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 复合型海珍品增殖人工鱼礁 |
KR101180523B1 (ko) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-07 | 이상민 | 해삼 및 전복용 초 |
CN203181787U (zh) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-09-11 | 国家海洋局第一海洋研究所 | 一种用于池塘海参养殖的组合式多层三角体人工礁 |
CN104686399A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | 一种应用于避光性鱼类驯养的人工鱼礁 |
CN204860565U (zh) * | 2015-08-22 | 2015-12-16 | 杨书戈 | 一种多层v型网片人工渔礁 |
CN207653320U (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2018-07-27 | 刘胜艳 | 一种水产养殖用人工礁 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112136733A (zh) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-12-29 | 大连市现代农业生产发展服务中心 | 一种刺参和单环刺螠工厂化立体生态养殖方法 |
CN112568158A (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | 一种刺参、日本对虾、三疣梭子蟹和石莼绿色无公害养殖方法 |
CN112673998A (zh) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-20 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院(烟台市海洋科学技术研究所、烟台市渔业技术推广站、烟台市水生动物疫病防控中心) | 一种刺参与单环刺螠的循环养殖方法 |
CN115362957A (zh) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-22 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | 用于珊瑚受精卵培育与珊瑚浮浪幼虫底播的装置及方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2021515536A (ja) | 2021-06-24 |
JP6997791B2 (ja) | 2022-01-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2020133366A1 (zh) | 一种利用人工参礁进行刺参海底养殖的方法 | |
Mao et al. | Bivalve production in China | |
Mottet | Enhancement of the marine environment for fisheries and aquaculture in Japan | |
CN104663552B (zh) | 一种生态修复型海洋牧场及其构建方法 | |
CN101326894B (zh) | 一种人工藻场及其构建方法 | |
CN106719220B (zh) | 一种具有消浪功能的海洋牧场的建设方法 | |
CN106234266B (zh) | 一种活牡蛎礁区藻-贝-参生态增养殖的方法 | |
CN104521839B (zh) | 一种上升流式人工鱼礁 | |
CN107018889A (zh) | 一种组装式多功能人工藻礁 | |
KR101395758B1 (ko) | 해삼용 인공어초 | |
Dare et al. | Historical and current status of cockle and mussel stocks in The Wash | |
CN109699542A (zh) | 一种长牡蛎和南美白对虾的池塘立体混养方法 | |
CN103598123A (zh) | 真蛸半隔离海水养殖网箱及其养殖方法 | |
CN202680165U (zh) | 一种用于海藻移植的礁体 | |
CN210580516U (zh) | 一种用于鱼类产卵和保育的管道框架浮鱼礁 | |
CN102696513A (zh) | 一种陆基养蟹装置及其养蟹方法 | |
CN210808819U (zh) | 一种方便运输的珊瑚修复型人工鱼礁 | |
CN109496945A (zh) | 一种人工参礁以及刺参海底养殖方法 | |
Chen et al. | Marine fish cage culture in China | |
CN105248339B (zh) | 一种叉形大泷六线鱼产卵礁 | |
Chen | Progress and problems of netcage culture of grouper (Epinephelus tauvina F) in Singapore | |
CN101352152B (zh) | 瘤背石磺生态繁育方法 | |
CN209390865U (zh) | 一种人工参礁 | |
CN203072656U (zh) | 一种正三棱柱人工鱼礁 | |
KR20200106672A (ko) | 육상용 해삼 양식장 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019546317 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 18945095 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 18945095 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |