WO2020126053A1 - Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel - Google Patents

Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020126053A1
WO2020126053A1 PCT/EP2018/086751 EP2018086751W WO2020126053A1 WO 2020126053 A1 WO2020126053 A1 WO 2020126053A1 EP 2018086751 W EP2018086751 W EP 2018086751W WO 2020126053 A1 WO2020126053 A1 WO 2020126053A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nickel
based alloy
max
use according
alloy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/086751
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English (en)
Inventor
Christine Geers
Thomas Helander
Mats Lundberg
Original Assignee
Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab filed Critical Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab
Priority to PCT/EP2018/086751 priority Critical patent/WO2020126053A1/fr
Priority to CN201880100401.0A priority patent/CN113195758B/zh
Priority to US17/415,197 priority patent/US20220074026A1/en
Priority to EP18829878.0A priority patent/EP3899074B1/fr
Publication of WO2020126053A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020126053A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
    • C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
    • C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
    • C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a use of a component manufactured from a nickel-based alloy in a molten salt mixture environment, especially a carbonate salt mixture environment.
  • salt mixtures are more stable and are based on carbonate salts, usually lithium- sodium - and potassium carbonates (LiNaK; Li 2 C0 3 -Na 2 C0 3 -K 2 C0 3 ). Even though these salt mixtures are more stable, it has been shown that they are even more corrosive and the studies regarding corrosion performed so far with these salt mixtures have not provided any promising results.
  • LiNaK lithium- sodium - and potassium carbonates
  • the aspect of the present disclosure is therefore to provide a solution to the above- mentioned problems or to at least reduce them.
  • the present disclosure relates to a use of a component manufactured from a dispersion strengthened nickel-based alloy comprising in weight% (wt%):
  • one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb 0.25-2.5;
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that a component manufactured by an aluminium oxide forming nickel-based alloy comprising certain elements in certain ranges will have corrosion properties superior to other materials in a molten carbonate salt mixture environment, even in temperatures up to 750 °C.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-section of sample A after exposure.
  • the cross-section shows the surface layer with the bulk material below.
  • Sample A is an alloy according to the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section of sample B after exposure.
  • the cross-section shows the surface layer of the sample with the bulk material below;
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-section of sample C after exposure.
  • the cross-section shows the surface layer of the sample with the bulk material below
  • Figure 4A shows a cross-section of sample D after exposure.
  • the cross-section shows the surface layer of the sample with the bulk material below;
  • Figure 4B shows a cross-section of sample D after exposure The cross-section shows the zone with precipitates in the sample under the surface.
  • the present nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter is an alumina forming nickel-base alloy which has been proven to be able to form and maintain a protective alumina oxide in a molten carbonate salt mixture, for example a LiNaK carbonate salt mixture under pure CO2 at a temperature of 750°C.
  • the nickel -based alloy has the following composition in weight% (wt%):
  • one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb 0.25-2.5;
  • REM rare- earth metals
  • a component comprising the present nickel- based alloy is resistant against corrosion in a molten carbonate salt mixture environment because firstly the temperature in these environments is too low for the formation of aluminum oxide and secondly this environment has proven to be very corrosive to other similar alloys as shown in the SERI-report SERIIPR-255-2561 entitled“The Corrosion of Selected Alloys in eutectic Lithium-Sodium-Potassium Carbonate at 900°C”.
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method for storing heat, the method comprises
  • the component could for example be used for storing the salt melt mixture.
  • the present disclosure relates to a component containing a dispersion strengthened nickel-based alloy, the dispersion strengthened nickel-based alloy comprising the following in weight% (wt%):
  • one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb 0.25-2.5;
  • the present disclosure relates to a method for corrosion resistance, the method comprising:
  • component contains a dispersion strengthened nickel-based alloy comprising the following in weight% (wt%):
  • the present disclosure also relates to a method for improving corrosion properties of a component, the method comprising:
  • a dispersion strengthened nickel-based alloy comprising the following in weight% (wt%):
  • one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb 0.25-2.5;
  • the component which is exposed to the molten carbonate salt mixture environment will form an outer layer of aluminum oxide on the component.
  • the component is preoxidating prior to exposing the component to the molten carbonate salt mixture environment, wherein preoxidating forms an outer layer of aluminum oxide on the component.
  • the elementary composition of the nickel-based alloy is generally as defined hereinabove or hereinafter and the function of each alloying element is further described below. However, the listing of functions and effects of the respective alloying elements is not to be seen as complete, but there may be further functions and effects of said alloying elements.
  • the terms weight% and wt% are used interchangeably.
  • the nickel-based alloy consists of all the elements mentioned hereinabove or hereinafter in the ranges mentioned hereinabove or hereinafter.
  • Carbon in free form will take interstitial locations in the crystal structure and thereby lock the mobility of dislocations at temperatures up to approximately 400-500°C. Carbon will also form carbides with other elements in the present nickel-based alloy such as Ta, Ti,
  • the present nickel-based alloy therefore comprises 0.05-0.2 wt% C.
  • Silicon can be present in the present nickel -based alloy in a content up to 1.5 wt%.
  • the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter only comprises impurity content of Si, i.e. up to 0.3 wt%.
  • Manganese (Mn) Manganese is present in the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter as an impurity. It is likely that up to 0.5 wt% Mn can be allowed without negatively influencing the properties of the present nickel-based alloy, whereby the alloy comprises maximally 0.5 wt% Mn. According to one embodiment, the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter only comprises an impurity content of Mn, i.e. up to 0.2 wt%.
  • Chromium is an element which during a long period of time has been the leading element when it comes to creating a dense and protective oxide scale. Less than 15 wt% Cr in an austenitic structure tends to render an oxide which is not entirely covering the surface and which is not dense and consequently render an insufficient oxidation resistance to the alloy. There is also a risk that the material closest to the oxide is depleted of Cr such that possible damages to the oxide cannot heal since there is not sufficient Cr to form new oxide.
  • a nickel-based alloy as the present alloy comprising at least 3 wt% Al, such as at least 4 wt% Al should however not comprise more than about 20 wt% Cr as higher contents increase the risk of formation of g’ and b phases. Therefore, in order to minimise the presence of g’ and b phases, the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter comprises max 20 wt% Cr. At too high Cr contents, there may also be a risk of formation of other unwanted phases, such as s-phase and chromium rich ferrite and furthermore Cr may also, at high contents, stabilise nickel aluminides. Thus, the alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter comprises 15-20 wt% Cr, such as 17-20 wt% Cr, such as 17- 19 wt% Cr.
  • Aluminium is an element that generates a much denser and more protective oxide scale compared to Cr. Aluminium can however not replace Cr since the formation of the aluminium oxide is slower than the chromium oxide at lower temperatures.
  • the alloy comprises at least 3 wt% Al, such as at least 4 wt% Al, which will ensure a sufficient oxidation resistance at high temperatures and that the oxide covers the surface entirely.
  • the relatively high content of A1 provides excellent oxidation resistance even at temperatures of about 1100 °C.
  • the alloy should therefore comprise 3-6 wt% Al, such as 3.5-5.5 wt%, such as 4 - 5.5 wt% Al.
  • the present nickel-based alloy comprises at least 15 wt% Fe. High contents of iron may however lead to formation of unwanted phases. Therefore, the present nickel- based alloy shall not comprise more than 25 wt% Fe.
  • a Fe content over approximately 21-22 wt% may increase the risk of formation of a b-phase (NiAl), which in some cases can be embrittling.
  • the present alloy may therefore comprise 16-21.5 wt% Fe.
  • the present alloy comprises 17-21 wt% Fe.
  • the alloy according to the present disclosure is a nickel-based alloy.
  • Nickel is an element which stabilises the austenitic structure in present alloys and thereby counteracts the formation of some brittle intermetallic phases, such as s-phase.
  • the austenitic structure of the present alloy is beneficial, for example, when it comes to welding.
  • the austenitic structure has also shown to contribute to a good creep strength for the present alloy at high temperatures.
  • the alloy comprises 52-62 wt% Ni, such as 52-60wt% Ni.
  • a part of the content of Ni may be substituted with Co in order to increase the mechanical strength of the alloy, this may also be done for the present nickel-based alloy.
  • a part of the Ni content of the present alloy may be replaced with an equal amount of Co.
  • the Co content shall, however, not exceed 10 wt%. According to one embodiment, the Co content does not exceed 8 wt%. According to another embodiment, the Co content does not exceed 5 wt%, according to yet another embodiment, the Co content is less than 1 wt%
  • N takes interstitial locations in the crystal structure and thereby locks the dislocation mobility at temperatures up to approximately 400-500°C.
  • Nitrogen also forms nitrides and/or carbon nitrides with other elements in the present nickel-based alloy such as Ta, Ti, Hf, Zr and Nb. In a microstructure where these particles are finely dispersed, they will confer obstacles for the dislocation mobility, especially at higher temperatures. Therefore, N is added in order to improve the creep strength of the present nickel base alloy.
  • the present alloy comprises 0.03-0.15 wt% N, such as 0.05-0.15 wt% N, such as 0.05-0.10 wt% N.
  • Oxygen may be present in the present nickel-based alloy either in the form of an impurity, or as an active addition up to 0.5 wt%. Oxygen may contribute to increasing the creep strength of the present alloy by forming small oxide dispersions together with Zr, Hf, Ta and Ti, which, when they are finely distributed in the alloy, improves its creep strength. These oxide dispersions have higher dissolution temperature than corresponding carbides and nitrides, whereby oxygen is a preferred addition for use at high
  • the alloy comprises 10 - 2000 ppm O, According to another embodiment, 20 - 2000 ppm O. According to another embodiment, the alloy comprises 10-200 ppm, 200-2000 ppm O or 400-1000 ppm O.
  • Tantalum, Hafnium, Zirconium, Titanium and Niobium Tantalum, Hafnium, Zirconium, Titanium and Niobium (Ta, Hf, Zr, Ti, Nb)
  • the elements in the group consisting of Ta, Hf and Zr forms very small and stable particles with carbon and nitrogen. It is these particles which, if they are finely dispersed in the structure, will help to lock dislocation movement and thereby increase the creep strength, i.e. provides the dispersion strengthening. It is also possible to accomplish this effect with addition of Ti. Additions of Ti can, however, sometimes lead to problems, especially during powder metallurgical production of the alloy, since it will form carbides and nitrides already in the melt before atomisation, which in turn may clog the orifice during the atomisation. Niobium also forms stable dispersions with C and or N and can therefore suitably be added to the present nickel-based alloy.
  • the alloy comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb in an amount of 0.25-2.2 wt%, such as 0.3-1.5 wt%, such as 0.6-1.5 wt%.
  • the alloy may also comprise such an amount of the elements Ta, Zr, Hf, Ti and Nb that essentially all C and N is bound to these elements. This ensures that for example the risk of formation of chromium carbides during high temperature use of the alloy is significantly reduced.
  • the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter comprises 0.1-0.5wt% Hf.
  • the present nickel-based alloy comprises 0.05-0.35 wt% Zr.
  • the present nickel-based alloy comprises 0.05-0.5 wt% Ta.
  • the present nickel-based alloy comprises 0.05-0.4 wt% Ti.
  • the present nickel-based alloy comprises 0.1-0.8 wt% Nb.
  • Rare earth metals relates in this context to the elements of group three of the periodic table, Sc, Y, and La as well as the fourteen lanthanides. REM affects the oxidation properties by doping of the formed oxide. Excess alloying of these elements often gives an oxide which tends to spall of the surface and a too low addition of these elements tends to give an oxide with weaker adhesion to the metal surface.
  • the present nickel-based alloy may comprise one or more elements from the group consisting of REM in a content of up to 0.5 wt% in total, such as 0.05-0.25 wt%. According to a one embodiment, yttrium is added to the alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter in an amount of 0.05-0.25 wt%.
  • the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter may also comprise normally occurring impurities as a result of the raw material used or the selected manufacturing process.
  • impurities but not limiting to are Ca, S and P.
  • other alloying elements, which will not affect the properties of the alloy may optionally be added in amounts up to 1 wt%.
  • the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter may be manufactured according to conventional methods, e.g. casting followed by hot working and/or cold working and optional additional heat treatment.
  • the nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter may also be produced as a powder product.
  • the process used for manufacturing a component thereof may then be for example hot isostatic pressure process (HIP).
  • HIP hot isostatic pressure process
  • a component may be a tube, a strip, a plate or a wire. It should be noted that the component may also have any shape depending on where and how it will be used.
  • the component could also be a coating which in turn protects another material, e.g. the present nickel-based alloy is a coating on a component manufactured form a stainless steel.
  • the component comprising the nickel-based alloy may be preoxidated before use.
  • the present example was performed in order to investigate the impact of molten salt mixtures on chromia and alumina (i.e. chromium oxide respectively aluminium oxide) forming alloys.
  • the samples (A-D) used is shown in Table 1. The investigation was carried out by isothermal and long-term cyclic exposures up to 750 h and in temperatures up to 750 °C.
  • the sample materials were cut into coupons, ground to a 1200 grit finish with SiC paper, cleaned, weighed and placed into alumina crucibles, which were filled with salt mixture.
  • the salt mixtures were prepared freshly for each exposure cycle by careful mixing of the components, L1CO3, NaCC>3 and KCO3, in equal amounts using a mortar.
  • the prepared crucibles were placed into a heat constant zone of a horizontal tube furnace. After adjusting the atmosphere and purging with CO2 for at least 8 h, the heating of the crucibles was activated. Once a week the crucibles were checked and refilled with the salt mixture. After the targeted dwell time, the furnace was cooled down before removing the crucibles.
  • the exposed samples were washed with warm water (60°C) and were then treated by using ultrasonic treatment.
  • the exposed samples were studied by using optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, SEM.
  • SEM was used for identifying surface species, oxide scale formation and internal corrosion processes.
  • the cross-section images from the SEM investigation are shown in figures 1-4 for sample A, B, C and D.
  • Figure 1 shows that a thin protective oxide layer has been formed on Sample A, which is a sample of the present nickel-based alloy as defined hereinabove or hereinafter.
  • the formed oxide layer was adherent, had good surface coverage and was only a few microns thick after the exposures. Furthermore, SEM investigations showed that the bulk material under the surface layer was not affected by the molten carbonate salt mixture exposure.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross-section image for sample B, which is a typical FeCrAl-alloy.
  • the surface oxide formed was not completely protective.
  • the oxide was relatively thick and not dense.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross-section image for sample C, which is a high temperature stainless steel.
  • the formed surface oxide was both thick and porous and non-adherent.
  • Figure 4A shows a cross-section image for sample D, which is an example of a nickel base alloy containing silicon. On this sample, a thick porous and non-adherent oxide was formed on the surface. Closer examination of the bulk material by using SEM showed that the bulk was affected in a zone which extended more than 100 microns into the sample. In this zone, it was found that large number of precipices had been formed as shown in figure 4B .
  • sample A which is the present nickel-based alloy, had superior corrosion resistance in this aggressive molten carbonate salt mixture environment.
  • the surface oxide formed was thin, dense and adherent and protective. Further, the microstructure of the bulk material under the surface had not been affected by the exposure.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne l'utilisation d'un composant fabriqué à partir d'un matériau à base de nickel allié à l'aluminium dans un environnement de sel fondu, en particulier des environnements de sel de carbonate.
PCT/EP2018/086751 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel WO2020126053A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/086751 WO2020126053A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel
CN201880100401.0A CN113195758B (zh) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 镍类合金的新用途
US17/415,197 US20220074026A1 (en) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 New use of a nickel-based alloy
EP18829878.0A EP3899074B1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2018/086751 WO2020126053A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Nouvelle utilisation d'un alliage à base de nickel

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WO2020126053A1 true WO2020126053A1 (fr) 2020-06-25

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EP (1) EP3899074B1 (fr)
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112322939A (zh) * 2020-11-04 2021-02-05 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 一种镍基高温合金及其制备方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0508058A1 (fr) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Krupp VDM GmbH Alliage austénitique nickel-chrome-fer
WO2007124996A1 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Récipient réactionnel pour la production d'acide sulfhydrique
WO2010059105A1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Alliage à base de nickel formant de l'oxyde d'aluminium
US20110067398A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Concentrated solar power system
US20170164426A1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2017-06-08 Ati Properties Llc Austenitic stainless steels including molybdenum
WO2017198831A1 (fr) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Objet comprenant un alliage à base de nickel pré-oxydé

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KR100339795B1 (ko) * 2000-01-25 2002-06-07 박호군 탄산염 차단막이 구비된 직접 내부개질형 용융탄산염연료전지
CN103966476B (zh) * 2013-02-01 2017-07-07 中国科学院金属研究所 一种性能优异的抗熔盐腐蚀的镍基高温合金
RU2613805C1 (ru) * 2016-02-17 2017-03-21 Дмитрий Леонидович Михайлов Коррозионно-стойкий сплав на основе никеля
CN107034386B (zh) * 2017-04-14 2018-11-27 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 一种抗熔盐腐蚀高温复合材料及熔盐堆堆芯结构件
CN108458182A (zh) * 2018-04-23 2018-08-28 上海冀晟能源科技有限公司 耐高温熔盐腐蚀的密封件及其制造方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0508058A1 (fr) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Krupp VDM GmbH Alliage austénitique nickel-chrome-fer
US20170164426A1 (en) * 2000-08-17 2017-06-08 Ati Properties Llc Austenitic stainless steels including molybdenum
WO2007124996A1 (fr) * 2006-04-27 2007-11-08 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Récipient réactionnel pour la production d'acide sulfhydrique
WO2010059105A1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Alliage à base de nickel formant de l'oxyde d'aluminium
US20110067398A1 (en) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Concentrated solar power system
WO2017198831A1 (fr) * 2016-05-20 2017-11-23 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Objet comprenant un alliage à base de nickel pré-oxydé

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112322939A (zh) * 2020-11-04 2021-02-05 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 一种镍基高温合金及其制备方法

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Publication number Publication date
CN113195758A (zh) 2021-07-30
US20220074026A1 (en) 2022-03-10
EP3899074A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
EP3899074B1 (fr) 2023-04-26
CN113195758B (zh) 2022-08-23

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