WO2020118975A1 - 一种渐变介质界面探测方法 - Google Patents

一种渐变介质界面探测方法 Download PDF

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WO2020118975A1
WO2020118975A1 PCT/CN2019/080713 CN2019080713W WO2020118975A1 WO 2020118975 A1 WO2020118975 A1 WO 2020118975A1 CN 2019080713 W CN2019080713 W CN 2019080713W WO 2020118975 A1 WO2020118975 A1 WO 2020118975A1
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interface
frequency
transmitter
receiver
echo signal
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French (fr)
Inventor
郭银景
刘珍
吕文红
陆翔
孙红雨
郭晓涵
周玉洁
杨文健
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V9/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods not provided for in groups G01V1/00 - G01V8/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of gradient medium detection, and in particular to a method for detecting gradient medium interface.
  • the reflection of the elastic wave at the interface of the progressive medium distribution is progressive reflection, which causes the receiver to detect the echo
  • Doppler frequency in the signal
  • the stimulated resonance signal generated when the elastic wave propagates in the formation will intermodulate with the carrier, and will also generate frequency components similar to the Doppler frequency; identification and extraction
  • the reflection wave of the progressive medium distribution interface has certain difficulties, which will affect the analysis quality of the groove wave analysis; it is precisely because the frequency distribution of the reflected wave of the progressive reflection has its unique characteristics, in principle, the identification of the progressive medium distribution interface is feasible .
  • the characteristics and interface distribution of the progressive medium often save a lot of manpower and material resources for practical work applications.
  • the progressive medium detection method can be used to analyze part of the echo signal spectrum of the formation to determine the water The location of the pond, so as to adopt better detection tools and methods for practical work. Therefore, the analysis of the echo signal spectrum of the distribution interface of the progressive medium is of great significance to the detection of the interface of the gradient medium.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gradient medium interface detection method, through the analysis of the echo signal, better feedback of the distribution of the underground medium, to provide users with detailed geological information.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a gradient medium interface detection method includes a detection device and a host computer.
  • the detection device includes a housing, and a transmitter and a receiver are provided on the housing, and both the transmitter and the receiver are connected to the upper electromechanical device;
  • the detection method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Place the housing parallel to the ground surface of the progressive medium interface to be measured, modulate the transmitter, so that the transmitter transmits a single frequency continuous elastic wave signal to the gradient medium interface;
  • Step 2 The receiver continuously receives the echo signal reflected from the interface of the graded medium, and sends the received echo signal to the host computer;
  • Step 3 The frequency content of the echo signal spectrum is similar to the “Doppler frequency”, and the spectrum information of the echo signal is analyzed in the host computer according to the method of analyzing the Doppler frequency to obtain the progressive medium interface Medium characteristics and interface distribution.
  • the transmitter and the receiver are both vertically arranged on the housing, and the transmitter and the receiver are parallel to each other.
  • the method of analyzing the Doppler frequency is: a single frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter
  • the method for detecting the interface of the graded medium provided by the present invention fully considers that it is difficult to identify and extract the reflected wave of the progressive medium distribution interface, which will affect the analysis quality of the echo analysis. Therefore, the spectrum of the progressive reflected echo signal should be used For analysis.
  • the present invention uses the Doppler frequency analysis model to express the change of the information component in the echo as the amplitude and frequency change of the Doppler frequency signal component, which solves the problem of the progressive medium distribution interface.
  • the analysis of wave signal spectrum has a concise and clear identification effect, which improves the efficiency of the interface detection method.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a gradient medium interface.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a detection device.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1.
  • Example 4 is a schematic diagram of Example 2.
  • a gradient medium interface detection method includes a detection device and a host computer, the detection device includes a housing 1, the housing is provided with a transmitter 2 and a receiver 3, the transmitter and the receiver All are connected with the upper electromechanical.
  • the transmitter and the receiver are both vertically arranged on the housing, and the transmitter and the receiver are parallel to each other.
  • the transmitter is used to transmit a single frequency continuous elastic wave signal
  • the receiver is used to receive the echo signal reflected by the progressive medium interface.
  • the reflection formed by the gradient medium interface is also gradient, and the influence of the gradient medium interface on the echo signal is shown as The amplitude and frequency of Doppler frequency signal components vary.
  • the detection method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The shell is parallel to the ground surface of the progressive medium interface to be measured, and the transmitter is modulated so that the transmitter transmits a single-frequency continuous elastic wave signal to the gradient medium interface;
  • Step 2 The receiver continuously receives the echo signal reflected from the interface of the graded medium, and sends the received echo signal to the host computer;
  • Step 3 The frequency component of the echo signal spectrum is similar to the "Doppler frequency".
  • the spectral information of the echo signal is analyzed according to the method of analyzing the Doppler frequency to obtain the progressive medium interface. Medium characteristics and interface distribution.
  • the method of analyzing the Doppler frequency is: a single frequency signal transmitted by the transmitter
  • the reflection frequency of the echo signal varies with the change of the interface density of the gradual medium.
  • the frequency shift is:
  • the plus and minus of can determine the characteristics of geological gradient media and the interface distribution of the geological layer.
  • the geological layer 1 includes a first dielectric layer x is a soil layer, a second dielectric layer y is a mud layer, and a third dielectric layer z is a water layer.
  • the present invention is used to detect the geological layer.
  • the transmitter continuously transmits a continuous single-frequency elastic wave signal, the frequency of the transmitted signal is 100 Hz, and transmits the echo signal received by the receiver to the upper computer to obtain the echo signal spectrum.
  • the present invention is used to detect the medium interface of geological layer II.
  • the transmitter of the casing of the present invention emits a continuous single-frequency signal with a signal frequency of 100 Hz, and after receiving the spectrum information of the echo signal, the frequency of the a-layer echo signal is obtained
  • the spectrum information obtained by the receiver is the echo signal spectrum under the combined action of a progressive dielectric layer, and the echo frequency of the dielectric layer with different densities
  • the dielectric layer is ideally modeled to illustrate the principle.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种渐变介质界面探测方法，包括探测装置和上位机，探测装置包括壳体（1），壳体（1）上设置有发射机（2）和接收机（3），发射机（2）和接收机（3）均与上位机电连接。通过将壳体（1）平行于待测的渐进介质界面的地表面上，调制发射机（2），使发射机（2）向渐变介质界面发射单频连续弹性波信号；接收机（3）持续接收渐变介质界面反射的回波信号，并将接收到的回波信号送至上位机；回波信号中含有与多普勒频率相似的频率成份，在上位机中按照分析多普勒频率的方法对回波信号进行分析，得出渐进介质界面的介质特性和界面分布。该方法利用多普勒频率分析方法，解决了渐进介质分布界面回波信号频谱的分析问题，提高了界面探测方法的效率。

Description

说明书 发明名称：一种渐变介质界面探测方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及渐变介质探测领域， 具体涉及一种渐变介质界面探测方法。
背景技术
[0002] 实际地层的上下界面常常是渐进界面， 其波阻抗也是渐变的， 形成的反射是“ 渐进反射”。 传统的地下介质探测技术， 关注点大多数放在目标地层的探测， 过 多的关注目标介质层的回波信号， 而忽略反射的回波信号频谱中的频率特性。 但是介质的分布千差万别， 尤其是渐进介质界面的分布， 这种界面分布对回波 的影响也表现出多样性。
[0003] 因地层介质密度大流动性差， 单频弹性波在不同介质中传播时的传播特性相差 非常大； 因此表现出渐进介质分布界面对弹性波的反射是渐进反射， 导致接收 机探测回波信号中会有“多普勒频率”的出现； 同时， 地层中弹性波传播时产生的 受激谐振信号会与载波产生交调， 也会产生与多普勒频率相似的频率成份； 鉴 别与提取渐进介质分布界面反射波有一定的难度， 会对槽波分析的分析质量产 生影响； 正是由于渐进反射的反射波频率分布具有其特有的特征， 原理上说渐 进介质分布界面的鉴别是可行的。 在实际地质探测中， 渐进介质的特性和界面 分布情况对于实际工作应用往往会节省很多人力物力， 例如对水塘的探测中， 可以通过采用渐进介质探测方法分析部分地层回波信号频谱， 确定水塘的位置 ， 从而采取更佳的探测工具和方法进行实际工作。 因此渐进介质分布界面的回 波信号频谱分析对渐变介质界面的探测具有重要的意义。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本发明的目的是提供了一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 通过对回波信号分析， 更 好地反馈地下介质的分布情况， 为用户提供详细的地质信息。 [0005] 本发明采用以下的技术方案：
[0006] 一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 包括探测装置和上位机， 探测装置包括壳体， 壳 体上设置有发射机和接收机， 发射机和接收机均与上位机电连接；
[0007] 探测方法包括以下步骤：
[0008] 步骤 1 : 将壳体平行于待测的渐进介质界面的地表面上， 调制发射机， 使发射 机向渐变介质界面发射单频连续弹性波信号；
[0009] 步骤 2: 接收机持续接收渐变介质界面反射的回波信号， 并将接收到的回波信 号送至上位机；
[0010] 步骤 3: 回波信号频谱中频率成份与“多普勒频率”相似， 在上位机中按照分析 多普勒频率的方法对回波信号的频谱信息进行分析， 得出渐进介质界面的介质 特性和界面分布。
[0011] 优选地， 所述发射机和接收机均垂直的设置在壳体上， 发射机与接收机相互平 行。
[0012] 优选地， 所述分析多普勒频率的方法为： 发射机发射的单频信号
与该介质层反射的回波信号的频率
J
之间为发射源与接受体之间的相对运动， 其信号频率之间存在类似于多普勒频 移的频移
4/
， 则：
[0013]
Figure imgf000004_0001
[0014] 根据频移 ¥
的正负可判断出地质的渐变介质特性和该地质层的界面分布。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0015] 本发明具有的有益效果是：
[0016] 本发明提供的渐变介质界面探测方法， 充分考虑到鉴别与提取渐进介质分布界 面反射波有一定的难度， 会对回波分析的分析质量产生影响， 因此要利用渐进 反射回波信号频谱进行分析。 与现有的界面探测技术相比， 本发明利用多普勒 频率分析模型， 将回波中信息分量的变化表现为多普勒频率信号分量的幅值与 频率变化， 解决了渐进介质分布界面回波信号频谱的分析问题， 识别效果简洁 明了， 提高了界面探测方法的效率。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0017] 图 1为渐变介质界面探测方法的流程图。
[0018] 图 2为探测装置的结构示意图。
[0019] 图 3为实施例 1的示意图。
[0020] 图 4为实施例 2的示意图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0021] 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明：
[0022] 结合图 1至图 4， 一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 包括探测装置和上位机， 探测装 置包括壳体 1， 壳体上设置有发射机 2和接收机 3 , 发射机和接收机均与上位机电 连接。
[0023] 发射机和接收机均垂直的设置在壳体上， 发射机与接收机相互平行。
[0024] 发射机用于发射单频连续弹性波信号， 接收机用于接收渐进介质界面反射的回 波信号。
[0025] 渐变介质界面形成的反射也是渐变的， 渐变介质界面对回波信号的影响表现为 多普勒频率信号分量的幅值和频率变化。
[0026] 探测方法包括以下步骤：
[0027] 步骤 1 : 将壳体平行于待测的渐进介质界面的地表面上， 调制发射机， 使发射 机向渐变介质界面发射单频连续弹性波信号；
[0028] 步骤 2: 接收机持续接收渐变介质界面反射的回波信号， 并将接收到的回波信 号送至上位机；
[0029] 步骤 3: 回波信号频谱中频率成份与“多普勒频率”相似， 在上位机中按照分析 多普勒频率的方法对回波信号的频谱信息进行分析， 得出渐进介质界面的介质 特性和界面分布。
[0030] 分析多普勒频率的方法为： 发射机发射的单频信号
与该介质层反射的回波信号的频率
之间为发射源与接受体之间的相对运动， 其信号频率之间存在类似于多普勒频 移的频移 ¥
， 则：
[0031]
Figure imgf000006_0001
[0032] 由发射机发现信号到接收机接收到回波信号， 回波信号的反射频率随渐变介质 界面密度的变化呈现不同的情况， 呈现在频移中为：
Af <; D 或者
Af > 0
[0033] 根据频移
Af
的正负可判断出地质的渐变介质特性和该地质层的界面分布。
[0034] 实施例 1
[0035] 如图 3所示， 地质层 I包括第一介质层 x是土层、 第二介质层 y是泥层、 第三介质 层 z是水层， 利用本发明对该地质层进行探测。
[0036] 发射机持续发射连续单频弹性波信号， 发射信号的频率为 100Hz， 将接收机接 收到的回波信号传至上位机得到回波信号频谱。
[0037] 这种情况下第一介质层 x的回波信号的频率
/l
为 100Hz， 第二介质层 y的回波信号的频率
为 120Hz， 第三介质层 z的回波信号的频率 fs
为 100Hz。 发射信号频率
保持不变， 而第一介质层 X与第三介质层 Z都不是渐变截止界面， 所以
Figure imgf000007_0001
和 fs
与发射信号频率相同。 在地质层 I中， 只有第二介质层 y为渐变介质界面， 可以得 出第二介质层 y的频移
Figure imgf000008_0001
， 且该介质界面的介质密度
P
由第一介质层 x到第三介质层 z层的逐渐减小。
[0038] 实施例 2
[0039] 如图 4所示， 利用本发明对地质层 II进行介质界面探测。 本发明壳体的发射机发 射信号频率为 100Hz的连续单频信号， 在接收到的回波信号频谱信息， 得出 a层 回波信号的频率
/i
为 100Hz， b层回波信号的频率
为 80Hz， c层回波信号的频率 f 为 100Hz， 由此计算出该层频移
4/; <❹ 得出地质层 n中的渐变介质层为 b层， 且该层介质密度 p
应由 a到 c层逐渐增大。 [0040] 在实际探测中， 接收机得到的频谱信息是一渐进介质层综合作用下的回波信号 频谱， 不同密度的介质层的回波频率
是由该层的密度特性和成份特征导致的， 本实施例将该介质层理想模型化， 用 以说明原理。
[0041] 当然， 上述说明并非是对本发明的限制， 本发明也并不仅限于上述举例， 本技 术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、 改型、 添加或替换， 也应属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 其特征在于， 包括探测装置和上位机， 探测装置包括壳体， 壳体上设置有发射机和接收机， 发射机和接收机 均与上位机电连接；
探测方法包括以下步骤：
步骤 1 : 将壳体平行于待测的渐进介质界面的地表面上， 调制发射机 ， 使发射机向渐变介质界面发射单频连续弹性波信号；
步骤 2: 接收机持续接收渐变介质界面反射的回波信号， 并将接收到 的回波信号送至上位机；
步骤 3: 回波信号频谱中的频率成份与“多普勒频率”相似， 在上位机 中按照分析多普勒频率的方法对回波信号的频谱信息进行分析， 得出 渐进介质界面的介质特性和界面分布。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 其特征在于， 所 述发射机和接收机均垂直的设置在壳体上， 发射机与接收机相互平行
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种渐变介质界面探测方法， 其特征在于， 所 述分析多普勒频率的方法为： 发射机发射的单频信号
Figure imgf000010_0001
与该介质层反射的回波信号的频率
/
之间为发射源与接受体之间的相对运动， 其信号频率之间存在类似于 多普勒频移的频移
¥
， 则：
Figure imgf000010_0002
根据频移
A/
的正负可判断出地质的渐变介质特性和该地质层的界面分布。
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CN102508299A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2012-06-20 中国石油大学(华东) 在井中发射并接收偶极横波的远探测方法
CN103760607A (zh) * 2014-01-26 2014-04-30 中国科学院声学研究所 地质探测方法及装置

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