WO2020114219A1 - 一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构 - Google Patents

一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020114219A1
WO2020114219A1 PCT/CN2019/118717 CN2019118717W WO2020114219A1 WO 2020114219 A1 WO2020114219 A1 WO 2020114219A1 CN 2019118717 W CN2019118717 W CN 2019118717W WO 2020114219 A1 WO2020114219 A1 WO 2020114219A1
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Prior art keywords
stator
machine base
air
end cover
pressure inside
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/118717
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴楠
孙德强
屈斌
张江涛
倪伟
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CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
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CRRC Yongji Electric Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020114219A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020114219A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/10—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by gaseous cooling medium flowing in closed circuit, a part of which is external to the machine casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a motor ventilation cooling structure, in particular to a cooling structure that balances the wind pressure inside the machine base.
  • the existing motor is evenly arranged with ventilation channels on the circumference. After the wind enters the motor from the air inlet, it passes through the axial air path to cool the motor.
  • the existing motor air path is evenly arranged. After the wind enters from the upper air inlet, the air volume of each air channel is balanced, the air volume near the air inlet is large, and the air volume away is small.
  • the air path formed by the sealing ring and the base of the existing motor end cover causes a small local air path when entering the lower part of the motor, and the air volume entering the lower part of the motor is smaller.
  • the present invention provides a cooling structure that balances the wind pressure inside the machine base in order to solve a series of technical problems such as the large air volume at the near-inlet due to the unreasonable arrangement of the air path of the motor, the small air volume at the far side, especially the lower air volume at the lower part of the motor.
  • the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a cooling system which balances the wind pressure inside the machine base
  • the structure including the machine base, is installed on the air inlet end cover and the air outlet end cover of the front and rear ends of the base respectively.
  • the base is provided with a stator; the base has an air inlet at the top near its front end; the air inlet end cover faces inward
  • the stator teeth protrude from the sealing ring to seal the rotor.
  • the sealing ring and the air inlet end cover form a V-shaped air path structure.
  • the sealing ring protruding from the end cover of the present invention is installed in cooperation with the machine base to form a seal to the rotor to ensure that the air path only passes through the stator; the sealing ring and the end cover together form a "herringbone" air path, which can distribute more under the motor Air volume.
  • this structure distributes the air duct area unevenly in the circumferential direction.
  • the small air duct area above the air inlet has a large air resistance and the large air duct area below the air resistance is small, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of the upper and lower air volume.
  • the balanced cooling stator cooling structure of the present invention is used for a permanent magnet traction motor with forced stator ventilation and rotor sealing.
  • the motor is installed by combining a stator and an end cover, and forms an axial cooling air path after sealing. Due to its reasonable design, this structure makes the air volume of the vents inside the motor more uniform and the air volume and pressure of the upper and lower parts of the motor more uniform; it is especially suitable for permanent magnet traction motors with forced stator ventilation and rotor sealing, especially for high cooling and heat dissipation requirements and volume
  • the direct-drive permanent-magnet traction motor for locomotives with small and light weight is more suitable.
  • the implementation of the scheme of the present invention provides a balanced and ventilated stator cooling structure for the field of locomotive direct-drive traction motors.
  • the structure combines the advantages of axial ventilation holes, optimized air volume and air pressure, and small space occupation. It can be widely used in the field of locomotive direct-drive traction motors, especially in the case of high requirements on the space under the vehicle and the user can not provide a large air pressure. Significantly.
  • the innovative design of the solution of the present invention is to use the punching plate body to set up and down uneven ventilation channels to optimize the air resistance and air volume distribution. It not only meets the design requirements of forced ventilation, but also has reasonable air path structure, wind resistance, and air volume distribution. The ventilation and overall heat dissipation effects are very good, making the motor smaller and more reliable.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the air path of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the stator axial air path of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of the upper and lower air path inside the motor below the air inlet.
  • Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the axial wind path of the existing motor stator.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the uniform distribution structure of the existing ventilation holes.
  • FIG. 6 Schematic diagram of the existing end cover wind guide structure.
  • 1-round weight-reducing hole 2-waist-shaped ventilation channel, 3-stator rectangular opening slot, 4-semicircular marking slot, 5-one of the inner and outer diameters of the upper and lower air paths, 6 of the inner and outer diameters of the upper and lower air paths Second, 7-outlet end cover, 8-frame, 9-inlet, 10-inlet end cover, 11-outlet, 12-stator, 13-sealing ring.
  • the axial air channels on the circumference of the stator 12 include a plurality of waist-shaped ventilation channels 2 spaced around the center of the stator 12; the waist-shaped ventilation channels 2 located at the lower part of the stator 12 have a larger aperture than the waist-shaped ventilation channels 2 located at the upper part of the stator; The ventilation channel 2 is opened on the stator punching body.
  • the diameter of the waist-shaped ventilation channel 2 gradually increases from top to bottom; the top of the stator 12 has a semi-circular marking slot 4 between the two waist-shaped ventilation channels 2; the waist-shaped ventilation channel There is also a circular weight-reducing hole 1 arranged between the two.
  • the sealing ring 13 extends obliquely toward the stator from a position near the center of the air inlet end cover to form a flared structure, and then extends horizontally to the stator teeth and seals butt with the stator teeth Seal the rotor; the flared part corresponds to the air inlet 9 of the base 8. It is equivalent to the position where the sealing ring is connected to the front end cover toward the center of the end cover, and then extends outward to form a V-shaped structure.
  • This structure is used in the field of locomotive direct-drive traction motors.
  • the axial air path structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • the air path is integrally installed by the base, the air inlet end cover, and the air outlet end cover.
  • the sealing ring protruding from the end cover is installed in cooperation with the base to form a seal to the rotor to ensure that the air path only passes through the stator.
  • the structure is unevenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the air duct area.
  • the air duct above the air inlet has a small air resistance and a large air resistance
  • the air duct below the area has a large air resistance and small resistance. (See Figure 2).
  • This structure is provided with a "herringbone” air path at the air inlet end cover (see Figure 3), which can distribute more air volume under the motor; comparing with Figure 6, it can be seen that the air volume is closer to the rotating shaft (that is, close to the center of the motor) ), can better reduce the heat inside the motor.
  • the motor punching plate, pressing ring, and pulling plate are combined into a machine base by welding, and end covers at both ends are installed at the end of the stop.
  • the sealing ring on the end cover seals the rotor to ensure that the cooling air only flows out from the stator air path.
  • Special ventilating structure design including the "man" shape air duct of the air inlet end cover, the uneven air duct structure in the iron core of the base frame to optimize the air resistance and balance the air volume, balance the air volume and air pressure inside the motor, and facilitate the heat dissipation of the motor.
  • the air inlet end cover has a "man” shape air path, and the end cover has a "V" shape extending arm structure to increase the air guide area and balance the air volume.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，包括机座（8），分别安装在机座（8）前后端的进风端端盖（10）和出风端端盖（7），机座（8）内设有定子（12）；机座（8）在靠近其前端的顶部开有进风口（9）；进风端端盖（10）内侧向定子齿部伸出密封环（13）将转子密封，密封环（13）与进风端端盖（10）构成V型风路结构。该结构集轴向通风孔、优化风量风压、占用空间小等优点，能广泛应用于机车直驱牵引电机领域，尤其在对车底空间要求较高、用户不能提供较大风压的情况下优势显著。

Description

一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构 技术领域
本发明涉及电机通风冷却结构，具体为一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构。
背景技术
货运机车在随着行业不断发展，要求功率及转矩不断提高，车体体积及重量受限，致使车体上设备安装空间变小，这就要求牵引电机具有冷却散热能力强、体积小、重量轻等特点。而冲片和由冲片制成的铁心则是电机的导磁体，是机电能量转换的媒介质，其结构的好坏直接影响电机性能。为满足牵引电机体积、重量、通风散热等要求，有必要发明一种全新的定子通风冷却结构，以能够满足机车直驱系统的各项特定要求。
与本发明相关的现有技术
1、现有定子通风冷却技术方案如图4、图5、图6所示，其特点如下：
a)现有的电机在圆周上均匀布置通风道，风从进风口进入电机后穿过轴向风路对电机进行冷却。
b)现有的电机端盖伸出的密封环为同圆布置，将风引流向下，防止风进入转子。
2、现有技术方案的缺点：
a.现有电机风路均匀布置，风从上部进风口进入后导致每个风道的风量部均衡，靠近进风口风量大，远离的风量小。
b.现有电机端盖的密封环与机座形成的风路在进入电机下部分时造成局部风路小，进入电机下部的风量更小。
发明内容
本发明为解决目前由于电机风路布置不合理导致近进风口风量大，远离的风量小、特别是电机下部风量更小等一系列技术问题，提供一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构。
本发明是采用以下技术方案实现的：一种平衡机座内部风压的冷
却结构，包括机座，分别安装在机座前后端的进风口端盖和出风口端盖，机座内设有定子；机座在靠近其前端的顶部开有进风口；进风口端盖 内侧向定子齿部伸出密封环将转子密封，密封环与进风口端盖构成V型风路结构。
在机车直驱牵引领域，受铁路轨距、机车轮径的影响，电机外形尺寸及重量受限的情况下，既要保证电机的出力，又要降低电机的温升。传统冷却方式受空间及重量限制较难完成设计，加之在出力增加、过载要求增大等因素使得电机发热问题也突出，设计变得更为困难。只能合理利用电机的空间，将冷却风路合理布置，提高散热效率、减小电机局部高温现象。
本发明端盖伸出的密封环与机座配合安装，对转子形成密封，保证风路只通过定子；密封环与端盖共同构成“人”字型风路，可使电机下方分配更多的风量。
进一步的，本结构在圆周方向风道面积进行不均衡分配，进风口上方风道面积小风阻较大，下方风道面积大风阻小，有利于将上下风量均匀分配。
本发明所述平衡通风的定子冷却结构用于定子强迫通风、转子密封的永磁牵引电机，电机采用定子、端盖组合安装而成，密封后形成轴向冷却风路。该结构因其结构合理设计使电机内部的通风口的风量更加均匀、电机上下部分风量风压更加均匀；特别适用于定子强迫通风、转子密封的永磁牵引电机，尤其针对冷却散热要求高、体积小、重量轻工况下的机车直驱永磁牵引电机更为适用。
本发明技术方案带来的有益效果
1、本发明方案的实施，为机车直驱牵引电机领域提供了一种平衡通风的定子冷却结构。该结构集轴向通风孔、优化风量风压、占用空间小等优点，能广泛应用于机车直驱牵引电机领域，尤其在对车底空间要求较高、用户不能提供较大风压的情况下优势显著。
2、本发明方案的创新设计是采用冲片本体设置上下不均衡通风道，优化风阻、风量分布。不仅满足强迫通风设计要求，而且风路结构、风阻、风量分配合理，通风和整体散热效果都很好，使电机体积更小，可靠性更高。
附图说明
图1本发明风路示意图。
图2本发明定子轴向风路剖面结构示意图。
图3进风口下方电机内部上下风路结构示意图。
图4现有电机定子轴向风路结构示意图。
图5现有通风孔圆周均布结构示意图。
图6现有端盖导风结构示意图。
1-圆形减重孔，2-腰形通风道，3-定子矩形开口槽，4-半圆形的标记槽，5-上下风路内外径示意之一，6-上下风路内外径示意之二，7-出风端端盖，8-机座，9-进风口，10-进风端端盖，11-出风口，12-定子，13-密封环。
具体实施方式
定子12圆周上的轴向风道包括环绕定子12中心间隔布置的若干腰形通风道2；位于定子12下部的腰形通风道2孔径大于位于定子上部的腰形通风道2；所述腰形通风道2开在定子冲片本体上。
如图2所示，所述腰形通风道2的孔径自上而下逐渐增大；定子12顶部在两个腰形通风道2之间开有半圆形的标记槽4；腰形通风道2之间还布设有圆形减重孔1。
如图1所示，所述密封环13由进风口端盖内侧靠近其中心的位置向定子方向倾斜延伸，构成一个扩口结构，然后再水平延伸至定子齿部并与定子齿部密封对接以密封转子；扩口部分与机座8的进风口9相对应。相当于密封环与前端盖连接的位置朝向端盖中心，然后向外延伸，构成一个V型结构。
本结构运用在机车直驱牵引电机领域，轴向风路结构如图1所示。风路整体由机座、进风口端盖、出风端端盖组合安装而成，同时端盖伸出的密封环与机座配合安装，对转子形成密封，保证风路只通过定子。
本结构在圆周方向风道面积进行不均衡分配，进风口上方风道面积小风阻较大，下方风道面积大风阻小，有利于将上下风量均匀分配。(见图2)。
本结构在进风口端盖设有“人”字型风路(见图3)，可使电机下方分配更多的风量；对比图6可知，风量更多的接近转轴(也就是接近电机的中心)，能够更好的减低电机内部的热量。
具体实施过程
通过焊接将电机冲片、压圈、拉板组合成机座，止口部位安装两端端盖，同时端盖上的密封环将转子密封起来，保证冷却风只从定子风路流出。
本发明的技术关键点：
特殊通风结构设计，包含进风口端盖“人”字型风路，机座铁心中优化风阻、平衡风量的不均衡通风道结构，平衡了电机内部的风量风压，便于电机整机散热。
本发明的保护点：
1.进风口端盖“人”字型风路，端盖“V”型伸出臂结构，增大导风面积，均衡风量。
2.机座铁心轴向不对称风路设计，上下不均匀、高度不相同腰形通风道设计。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，包括机座(8)，分别安装在机座(8)前后端的进风口端盖(10)和出风口端盖(7)，机座(8)内设有定子(12)；机座(8)在靠近其前端的顶部开有进风口(9)；
    其特征在于，进风口端盖(10)内侧向定子(12)齿部伸出密封环(13)将转子密封，密封环(13)与进风口端盖(10)构成V型风路结构。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，定子(12)圆周上的轴向风道采用不均衡分配，位于定子(12)上方的风道面积小，下方风道面积大。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，定子(12)圆周上的轴向风道包括环绕定子(12)中心间隔布置的若干腰形通风道(2)；位于定子(12)下部的腰形通风道(2)孔径大于位于定子上部的腰形通风道(2)；所述腰形通风道(2)开在定子冲片本体上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述腰形通风道(2)的孔径自上而下逐渐增大。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，定子(12)顶部在两个腰形通风道(2)之间开有半圆形的标记槽(4)。
  6. 如权利要求2或3所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，相邻腰形通风道(2)之间还布设有圆形减重孔(1)。
  7. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述密封环(13)由进风口端盖(10)内侧靠近其中心的位置向定子方向倾斜延伸，构成一个扩口结构，然后再水平延伸至定子齿部并与定子齿部密封对接以密封转子。
  8. 如权利要求5所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征在于，所述密封环(13)由进风口端盖内侧靠近其中心的位置向定子方向倾斜延伸，构成一个扩口结构，然后再水平延伸至定子齿部并与定子齿部密封对接以密封转子。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构，其特征 在于，所述密封环(13)由进风口端盖内侧靠近其中心的位置向定子方向倾斜延伸，构成一个扩口结构，然后再水平延伸至定子齿部并与定子齿部密封对接以密封转子。
PCT/CN2019/118717 2018-12-07 2019-11-15 一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构 Ceased WO2020114219A1 (zh)

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CN109525068B (zh) * 2018-12-07 2021-04-02 中车永济电机有限公司 一种平衡机座内部风压的冷却结构
CN112079149A (zh) * 2019-06-12 2020-12-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 用于投料系统的回收装置和方法以及投料系统
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