WO2020099814A1 - Apparatus for growing plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more growing pods (9) stacked one above the other and a water supply (1) connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit (8) which extends through each pod in turn to provide water to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium.

Description

APPARATUS FOR GROWING PLANTS

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to systems for plant cultivation, and more particularly to a modular vertical growing system.

2. Description of the Related Art

Gardening is a popular activity practiced by many millions of people worldwide. For many, however, conventional gardening techniques involve procedures which present obstacles, particularly for persons with mobility limitations, physical disabilities or injuries, psychological disorders, old age or other factors. Further, most people now live in urban locations, commonly without access to a garden, or with limited space, limited time or other restrictions. Many do not have access to fresh and nutritional produce which is affordable and are unable to grow this themselves. it would be useful to address the above problems by providing a growing system which is easy for all users to assemble and operate, is vertically configured to allow for easy wheelchair or mobility-restricted access and to take up little space and has numerous design features which specifically address many of the issues faced by those who wish to garden.

The prior art reveals a number of designs intended to enable physically challenged individuals to grow plants. Such designs typically reveal basic table top planting devices, allowing for wheelchair access. The devices are typically of limited functionality, with a single planting platform, no automated functions and are lacking in innovation. They do not address many of the issues faced by individuals with wide ranging disabilities or other limitations restricting their ability to garden. They are effectively conventional growing systems placed in an elevated position to avoid the need to bend to ground level.

Prior art designs typically make no or limited reference to the therapeutic and wellness value of gardening activities or seek to address the poor access of many to the therapeutic benefits of gardening including for those dealing with physical injury or impairment, mobility issues, or other conditions, those suffering from mental or psychological conditions such as autism or learning difficulties, depression, stress, bereavement, feelings of isolation or the elderly and infirm.

Accordingly, a need exists for a horticultural apparatus presented as a vertical system easily accessible by persons in wheelchairs or otherwise operating with restricted mobility, those with other physical impairment or injuries, those with mental, psychological or other conditions and those with location restrictions, which in each case make conventional gardening challenging or impossible, which provides high therapeutic value for those who will benefit from this, which is an efficient, effective and affordable growing system and which has other features which support easy assembly and operation, providing a product accessible to the widest range of users regardless of their circumstances.

The prior art reveals a number of growing systems and apparatus targeted at those with disabilities.

US6907693B discloses a portable gardening station for growing plants.

US7159358B2 discloses a mobile, sit-and-plant gardening station.

US8904706B discloses a horizontal planter apparatus with a drain vent.

KR20100137827A discloses a multifunctional horticultural table for a user in a wheelchair.

JP2005211000A discloses a raised planter on a frame with a work table.

US5394647A discloses a hydroponic growing system with horizontal chambers.

US10070593B2 discloses a horticultural planter apparatus with a raised surface for wheelchair users.

KR101552592B1 discloses a horticulture system for blind people to grow seeds and seedlings.

The systems disclosed in the prior art aimed at disabled users are typically basic in functionality and generally do not incorporate automated features, are horizontally configured and require significant effort in assembly and operation, as well as requiring considerable space. Such systems are aimed at a narrow range of disabilities, typically for elderly or wheelchair-bound individuals, and not for those who are paraplegic, amputees, those with spinal or other injuries, those with broader mobility issues, those with psychological conditions or learning difficulties and many other disability categories.

Traditional growing methods typically require relatively large areas of horizontal space, soil cultivation and significant quantities of accessible water, as welt as considerable effort.

Hydroponic growing systems have a number of general advantages over conventional growing, including lower water usage, smaller space requirements and no requirement for soil cultivation. Hydroponic systems may also be configured in a vertical arrangement.

Existing vertical hydroponic growing systems are typically expensive to manufacture and complicated to assemble and operate. Consequently, there is a need for a vertical hydroponic system that is more economical to manufacture, more efficient and simpler to use than previous models and can be used in a range of urban and other locations, as well as providing a system capable of easy assembly and operation by all users, including those with disabilities of all kinds. There is thus a requirement for a device which will be affordable and of utility to individuals in most global locations, providing users with a cost- effective means to grow their own produce, while using relatively little water, and thereby produce fresh nutritional food for themselves and their families, as well as enjoying the activity of gardening.

The prior art discloses a number of vertical growing systems.

US4419843 discloses a seif-irrigating vertical planter having a pan-shaped base mounted an upstanding tubular post.

US6612073 discloses a vertical plant growing container system with stackable containers.

US5309761 discloses a vertical growing system with stacking plant pots with drainage openings.

US6840008, discloses a vertical planting system with expanded polystyrene growing containers.

IN201741028076 discloses an automated structure for growing plants using aeroponic technology.

US5533302 discloses a modular planting system for growing plants in a vertical column. The foregoing and other prior art vertical growing devices of which the present inventor is aware are subject to numerous limitations, of which the following are a few examples. The vertical growing systems in the prior art are typically basic in construction and functionality and require high levels of intervention.

The prior art systems typically do not include features specifically designed or with a combination and configuration of components to make assembly and operation easy or even possible for individuals with disabilities and are instead aimed only at the able-bodied user.

Prior art systems do not generally have a modular and adaptable design allowing for easy changes to alternative configurations to suit the height or other requirements of particular users.

Prior art systems do not generally have simple rotational functionality, allowing for easy access to planting sections for those with physical challenges or to rotate the plants towards the light source. Prior art systems do not generally allow for changing the positioning of growing modules, at all or without disturbing the plants or the growing medium.

The prior art systems generally do not' have different and interchangeable sizes of growing container allowing for better growing conditions for the plants in lower containers by having smaller containers in the upper sections, as well as lowering the centre of gravity of the system, aiding stability.

The shape of the growing pots in the prior art systems is typically not optimized for growth and space. Many have sharp edges which can damage plant stems, which can lead to infections and disease, as well as impeded plant growth and health.

Prior art systems do not generally take account in their design of the different requirements of different plants in terms of size, rate of growth or other variants. The known prior art systems have no integrated functionality to support plants as they grow, thereby leading to inefficient growing conditions and stability issues. Prior art systems do not generally allow for Increasing or decreasing the vertical space between growing containers in a simple operation, enabling height adaptability for the convenience of the user as well as enabling optimal growing conditions for the plants.

The known prior art systems do not have aspects which materially and deliberately increase and optimize oxygenation of the water solution.

None of the prior art systems incorporates a water fountains or similar features which create sound for the blind.

The prior art systems do not have brail incorporated into the components of the device, and in all cases are provided in a single tower configuration only.

The prior art systems generally have a reservoir of large capacity leading to the water nutrient solution lasting for long periods thereby becoming unbalanced and sub-optimal for plant health.

The known prior art systems do not have an anchor point for, where present, the pump in the reservoir, thereby allowing lateral and vertical movement of the fluid transmission pipe, leading to disconnection risk and stability issues.

Prior art systems generally do not take account of potential instability issues, which arise through factors such as changes in the centre of gravity of the system as plants grow and become heavier, often unevenly. The systems typically have a relatively small horizontal footprint, but a high centre of gravity, particularly once the growing medium has absorbed and become heavy with fluid and plants have grown and become heavier. Plants often extend laterally as they grow, and grow at different rates, creating an unbalanced configuration, leading to risk of tipping.

The vertical growing systems in the prior art have few or no design features to avoid or mitigate the risk of tipping, an issue not mentioned in the prior art descriptions. The risk of tipping is a real and serious one, which could lead to serious injury as well as damage to the system if this occurs.

Some prior art systems use a vertical support rod or transmission pipe passing upward through each growing pot. In such cases, the rod or pipe is in intimate contact with the growing medium in each pot, providing a fluid path of least resistance through the container, thereby allowing fluid to bypass the growing medium and return directly to the reservoir. The intimate contact between the rod or pipe and the growing medium also makes disassembly and reassembly difficult as the growing medium will tend to collapse inwards once no longer supported. Re-threading the rod or pipe through the growing medium is difficult or impossible, and in attempting this growing medium can easily be forced down the pipe and into the pump, causing noise and mechanical damage.

Some prior art devices allow fluid from higher containers to drip onto plants in lower containers. Such fluids may be harmful to leaves and blossoms. Plant foliage may also deflect fluids out of the container and thereby wasted.

A problem common to many vertical growing devices in the prior art, particularly those made of materials such as expanded polystyrene, is that the containers are subject to rapid degradation by ultraviolet rays and damage during normal use.

OBJECTS AND ADVANTAGES

It would be advantageous to incorporate a number of features which advance the field of growing systems for individuals with a range of physical and other challenges, including blind and partially sighted individuals, and incorporates features and functions specifically designed around the widest range of disabilities and other challenges.

It would be advantageous to provide a growing system which is easy to operate by all users, can be situated in the widest range of locations and requires little space, requires no soil cultivation, has an automated self-watering irrigation system using relatively little water, enables inexpert gardeners to grow fresh, healthy produce at or close to the point of consumption, is modular and adaptable in its design configuration, can be used in any region regardless of climate, and is economic to produce, thereby being accessible to the widest range of consumers and other growers.

It would be advantageous to achieve one or more of the above requirements with apparatus which spans both the conventional vertical growing system market and the disabled market in terms of functionality, ease of use, accessibility and affordability.

It would be advantageous to provide apparatus which may also be utilised by able bodied individuals and those without such challenges.

One possible object of the present invention is to provide a vertical plant growing system which is accessible and of utility by the widest range of persons including persons with the widest range of disabilities or other circumstances which make conventional gardening activities difficult or impossible, and thereby to enable as many people as possible to engage in gardening and growing activities in their home, care home or other environment wherever located. Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which is simple, efficient and engaging, and thereby provides persons with mental illness, psychological conditions, learning difficulties or similar a highly therapeutic apparatus and thereby Improve their wellbeing. Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system to be used effectively for educational purposes enabling teachers to highlight many issues and areas of learning, such as water and food security, healthy eating, environmental issues and the process of growing plants, with a modem device. Another possible object of t e present invention is to provide a growing system which enables individuals and families to grow their own fresh, healthy and highly nutritional produce without the use of harmful chemicals and enabling production at or close to the point of consumption. Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which is highly efficient, easy to assemble, operate and maintain, and can grow a wide range of fresh produce and plants rapidly in an automated process.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which has an automated water and nutrient supply system, which minimises the time and effort required to grow produce.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which is modular with easily interchangeable core components and can easily be adapted to a wide variety of alternative configurations to suit the widest range of user needs or preferences, by altering the height of, and spacing between, the growing pods with one or more spacers, by varying the number of growing pods and by using growing pods of different sizes.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which incorporates features which enhance the oxygenation of the water flowing through the system, thereby improving the nutrient absorption, growth rate and health of plants grown in the device.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which incorporates a water fountain feature for additional aesthetic appeal and creates appealing sounds and visual impact, as well as improving the oxygenation of the water flowing through the system.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which is easily rotatable to aid ease of planting, tending and harvesting, as well as enabling optimisation of sunlight incidence on the plants contained therein.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system that can be operated with little electrical power and low water consumption.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which can be powered either through a mains electricity supply but also through a long life rechargeable battery, the latter thereby enabling the system to be situated in locations without a mains electricity power supply, as well as enabling solar charging.

Another possible object of the invention is to provide a growing system which requires little space and can be located on a balcony, patio, terrace, sunroom, conservatory, kitchen, mini green house or other small space, particularly in urban locations where many people do not have access to a garden.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which incorporates design features which optimise the incidence of light and air flow on the plants grown, thereby optimising growth rates and health of the plants and the growing environment.

Another possible object of the present invention is to provide a growing system which is inexpensive to manufacture, purchase and operate, thereby enabling the highest number of consumers to acquire and use the system, wherever located and notwithstanding their limited financial means.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

The present invention addresses one or more of the shortcomings of existing vertical and horizontal growing systems or other problems. It would be useful to provide significant and novel improvements to a number of the most important core aspects found in certain existing growing systems, incorporate components which in combination present a system which is easy to assemble and operate, and provide apparatus which is of optimal utility and appeal to the widest range of users, including in particular those with disabilities According to the present invention there is provided apparatus or a kit of parts for growing plants as set out in the claims.

According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of growing plants as claimed.

In one embodiment of the present invention a single tower is provided such as that illustrated in FIG 1 , and comprises a reservoir, a submersible pump located in the reservoir which is optionally attached to e timer, a series of stackable growing pods each with four individual growing points or lobes, the pods stacking in a vertical configuration one on top of another, a pipe connected to the pump passing vertically upward through the centre of each growing pod, a water fountain attachment at the top of the pipe, a disperser dish attaching to the pipe near the top of the tower and below the fountain attachment, and optionally several connectors and fittings.

In preferred embodiments, no tools are required to assemble or disassemble the systems of the present invention.

The apparatus of the present invention may use coconut coir as the growing medium. Coconut coir is a clean, sustainable and easy to use product which is light in weight, which has exceptional water and nutrient retention properties, excellent drainage properties and a long lifespan, reducing the need to frequently replace the growing medium. The coconut coir also provides a well aerated, neutral growing medium, supporting the plant and its roots. By using this inert growing medium, the use of soil is avoided, thereby significantly reducing or avoiding many soil related issues, such as pests and diseases.

The growing medium such as coconut coir is typically placed into each of the growing pods as the growing medium for the plants. A solution of mineral nutrients is typically mixed with water, and the reservoir may then be filled with the nutrient-water solution. To place the system into operation, a pump is typically switched on and, if present, a timer set for the pump to operate at set intervals. Preferably, the pump delivers the nutrient-enriched water solution upwards through the internal fluid transmission pipe to the top of the system at set timed intervals, for example to run for one minute every two hours over perhaps eight cycles a day, or as required by local conditions. The water-nutrient solution may flow out of the fountain nozzle at the top of the pipe and then be dispersed through the disperser dish, cascading down through each growing pod sequentially, being absorbed by the coir growing medium in each pod and delivered thereby directly to the roots of each plant.

In one embodiment, the dish has an aperture for mounting about the conduit or sleeve therefor. The aperture may be formed in a recess on the underside of the dish. In addition, the aperture may have a peripheral lip which is raised with respect to the floor of the dish. It will be appreciated that the recess on the underside may form the lip in the base of the dish that surrounds and defines the aperture. The conduit or sleeve may include an inner male connector extending from one end thereof to facilitate mating of adjoining sections of conduits or sleeves. The male connector generally has the same inner diameter but a smaller outer diameter than the conduit or sleeve and extends in use into the adjacent conduit or sleeve and thereby includes an abutment at its outer junction with the main body of the conduit or sleeve from which it extends and upon which the dish aperture periphery is sized to be supported.

The male connector may be push fit or designed for threaded engagement with the adjacent conduit or sleeve so that the dish is conveniently clamped therebetween. Advantageously, the recessed aperture provides aesthetic improvement by hiding the conduit or sleeve connection and typically by this means forms a raised lip on the base of the dish surrounding the aperture to prevent water ingress.

Typically, the surplus water-nutrient solution returns to the reservoir at the bottom of the system for recirculation. Generally, in the invention, water loss through evaporation is minimal. The water reservoir, the piping and most of the growing medium (but not the plants) may be shielded from the sun, further minimising any evaporation. This is a significant benefit of a closed irrigation system, reducing the frequency of replacing the water-nutrient solution in the reservoir.

Typically, the movement of the water through the system provides oxygenation of the water as it circulates, which further supports fast and healthy root and plant growth. Vertical cascading of water may also be used to add further oxygenation to the process. Oxygen is a primary driver of healthy roots systems, fast plant growth and health.

Plants may receive all the water, minerals and oxygen they need, through this automated functionality.

The system may be self-contained and capable of extended unattended operation. The device may be compact in size and have nigh cultivation efficiency. The system may use very little power, with Just the timer and a low wattage pump using minimal electricity for very short durations. The system may be provided in two alternative power configurations, either mains electricity or rechargeable battery driven. If desired, the system can also be run on solar power, with a solar panel and battery unit.

In some embodiments, the system may effectively run by itself for long periods, requiring minimal maintenance, it typically requires reservoir refills only every two to three weeks depending on air temperature, humidity levels and stage of plant growth, and can be left to run itself when the grower is away for periods of up to several weeks.

In some embodiments, plants receive a regular and continuous supply of water and mineral nutrients, tailored to their specific requirements. With this, they grow quickly and efficiently. Produce is typically highly flavoured and high in nutritional content.

In some embodiments, yields are typically significantly higher than equivalent soil-grown produce, with materially faster growing times for most crops, and considerably less maintenance.

In some embodiments, as no soil is used, most of the issues associated with growing in soil, such as pests, funguses, soil-based diseases, weeds, leaching, erosion and the need for crop rotation are largely avoided.

In some embodiments, the system optimises growing functionality, is aesthetically pleasing, and has modular features which enable a flexible and variable configuration depending on the needs or preferences of the individual concerned.

In some embodiments, the design of the apparatus particularly focuses on creating a system which will enable gardening and growing by individuals with conditions which otherwise restrict or preclude this. Such categories include: the elderly and infirm, disabled and other wheelchair users, paraplegics, amputees, those with conditions such as cerebral palsy, those with musculoskeletal injuries or conditions, blind or partially sighted individuals, those with dexterity issues, arthritis sufferers, those with learning difficulties, those suffering with mental, psychological or other conditions such as Alzheimer's, dementia, autism, and similar, persons dealing with physical injuries or with impaired or limited mobility, as from a stroke, a neurodegenerative disease, damage to the spinaf cord, or other conditions, children, as well as the broader general public not affected by such forgoing conditions or challenges

In some embodiments, the system incorporates a plurality of individual growing pods arranged in a vertically stacked configuration, each growing pod having a plurality of upwardly facing planting sections into which an inert coconut coir growing medium is placed to accommodate plants of diverse kinds, with a self-watering integrated irrigation system, providing a mineral-enriched water solution from a reservoir located at the base of the apparatus to the top of the system, for downward transmission through the system thereby watering and feeding the plants in each growing pod.

In some embodiments, the present invention also enables the user to grow their own produce at or close to the point of consumption or sale to others, with produce being fresh and high in nutritional content, avoiding long food transportation chains and reducing damage to the environment.

In some embodiments, the present invention also uses materially less water than conventional growing systems and is thereby of significant utility and appeal to users in locations where water may be in short supply or expensive or for whom frequent plant watering or other attention is impossible or a challenge.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. The embodiments illustrated herein are presently preferred; it is understood, however, that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown, wherein:

FIG 1 presents a frontal view of the apparatus according to the invention in a preferred embodiment, incorporating a single disperser dish located in the upper section of the device. In this embodiment, the device incorporates six growing pods, with the lower three growing pods being of a relatively larger size compared to the upper three growing pods being of a relatively smaller size.

FIG 2 presents a frontal view of the apparatus according to the invention in another preferred embodiment, incorporating two disperser dishes located in the upper section of the device. In this embodiment, the device incorporates six growing pods, with the lower three growing pods being of a relatively larger size compared to the upper three growing pods being of a relatively smaller size.

FIG 3 presents a frontal view, a side view and a top view of the reservoir located at the base of the apparatus according to the invention. FIG 4a presents four alternative views of the lid located on the top of the reservoir of the apparatus according to the invention.

FIG 4b presents four alternative views of a modified version of lid of FIG 4a.

FIG 5a presents a side view and a top view of each of the larger and the smaller growing pods.

FIG 5b presents an exploded perspective view of the growing pod in an alternative arrangement.

FIG 5c presents a perspective view of the growing pod in an alternative arrangement.

FIG 5d presents an expanded perspective view of the sockets of the growing pod.

FIG 6 presents four alternative views of the rotating bearing plate located in t e central recess of the lid

FIG 7 presents three side views of a growing pod set into the rotating bearing.

FIG 8 presents a side view and a top view of two growing pods set one on top of the other in stacked formation.

FIG 9 presents a side view of a spacer which is set vertically and centrally into each growing pod.

FIG 10 presents two side views of the top end of a conduit pipe with two disperser dishes, fountain attachment, connectors and stoppers.

FIG 11a presents a side view and two top views of the disperser dish.

FIG 11 b presents a exploded perspective view and expanded view of a disperser dish mounted between adjacent sleeves.

FIG 12 presents a side view and a top view of the spacer.

FIG 13 presents a two side views of an embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention with three growing pods and three spacers, set into the rotating bearing incorporated into the lid above the reservoir FIG 14 presents three views of the adjustable plant support tie, illustrating how each end of the tie is inserted into a growing pod. FIG 15 presents a frontal view of an embodiment of the present invention incorporating multiple towers above a single reservoir

FIG 16 presents a frontal view of an embodiment of the present invention which is of a small scale suitable for a counter top, incorporating three miniaturised mini towers of mini growing pods, and an LED lighting component.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Dealing with each component in the apparatus according to the invention in turn:

The reservoir, illustrated in FIG 1 and FIG 3, at the base of the system (1 ) in its preferred embodiment is square in horizontal profile, with a footprint large enough to optimise stability, but with a limited capacity to avoid overfilling of the reservoir. On the underside of the reservoir are feet (2), two of which in one embodiment have adjustable levelling components.

The reservoir has rounded edges and comers in its construction, avoiding sharp edges as well as for aesthetic appeal. The reservoir incorporates housings (3) in its floor for two weights to be placed to maintain weight in the reservoir when the reservoir has depleted its fluid content, to lower the centre of gravity of the system as low as practicable, to optimise stability of the system, and avoid tipping. The addition of weights in a reservoir is not seen in the prior art.

The reservoir incorporates two housings (4) on each of two opposite sides to insert a water tight compartment in the reservoir interior, created by a separate compartment which when inserted is partitioned from the remainder of the reservoir interior. The compartment may accommodate either a retractable power cable spool for mains power or a removable rechargeable battery in the non-mains version. The alternative mains or battery functionality within the same system is not seen in the prior art. The power supply is to provide electricity for operation of the pump.

The reservoir has a sump section (5) in which the pump is located, enabling substantially all water nutrient solution to flow to the pump inlet and allowing for full evacuation of the reservoir, a feature not seen in the prior art. In the preferred embodiment, the pump base locks into the sump (6), thereby precluding lateral or vertical movement of the pump once set in place, which significantly improves rigidity and stability of the vertical pipe and tower of growing pods above.

The locking mechanism for the pump is an important feature. The devices disclosed in the prior art do not incorporate any anchoring or fixing of the pump in the reservoir of such devices. The tower above may therefore move laterally, with a heightened risk of tipping. This tipping risk increases as the centre of gravity of the system migrates upwards, as plants grow. None of the prior art devices address this risk adequately or at all.

When the pump used is securely fixed in place and when the fluid transmission pipe is securely connected and locked in place in the fluid outlet of the pump, no lateral movement of the transmission pipe or the growing tower is possible.

The reservoir size and capacity is designed such that the water nutrient solution should be sufficient for two to four weeks of automated watering.

The height of the reservoir will enable easy access for wheelchair users and others, as the growing areas are above the reservoir. The reservoir may in one embodiment incorporate a horizontal mesh filter (7), located above the pump, to reduce risk of particles falling into the bottom of the reservoir.

The pump is joined to the vertical pipe (8) through which fluid from the reservoir transitions upwards through the growing pods (9) to the top of the system, with a connector (10) joining the pump to the pipe.

The reservoir has a lid (11 ), illustrated in FIG 4a. The lid fits precisely on to the top surface (12) of the reservoir, with the same lateral dimensions as the reservoir. The lid has rounded edges and comers for both safety and aesthetics. The lid has two hinged openings (13) on opposite sides, for inspection and to house the compartment for the power cord or battery, respectively.

In one embodiment, the lid has two small ports (14) to insert a water heater or other components if required. The lid has a central opening (15) into which the rotational bearing plate (16) and housing for the first growing pod is inserted. The circular bearing (17) allows the entire tower of growing pods to be rotated, particularly important for users with limited movement or dexterity, with such functionality assisting with planting, tending; viewing, harvesting and recording growth as well turning the plants in turn to the sun or light source. Figure 4b shows a modified version of the lid of FIG 4a in which the central opening (15) includes a cruciform brace (102) with a centrally disposed aperture (104) at the junction (105) of the cross struts (106, 108). Once assembled, the central aperture (104) accommodates the central pipe (8) therethrough in dose fitting engagement. Therefore, in practice the lateral movement of the pipe is minimised to prevent any shift in the centre of gravity in or around the reservoir thus destabilising the column of growing pods. The cruciform brace (102) is produced from stainless steel or high density polyethylene. This feature compliments the fixed pump as weight shifting in the base of the column is a particular problem in prior art systems.

The bearing mechanism, illustrated in FIG 7, comprises a circular bearing (17) which is embedded within a recess (18) in a square or round plate (19), illustrated in FIG 6, which in turn is inserted into the lid of the reservoir. The plate has recesses (20) on its upper surface located laterally outward from the circular bearing, shaped to accept the feet of; the first growing pod (9) or spacer (21 ).

The conduit pipe (8) feeding water nutrient solution up through the system is made of rigid material, to give lateral stability and strength. The pipe (8) passes vertically through each growing pod (9), to the top of the system.

The pipe is supplied in two main sections, with an internal connector joining the two parts, to make fitting as easy as possible. By having an internal connector between the two pipe sections, the growing pods can easily be inserted on to the pipe and easily removed. The pipe length is tailored to the height of the particular system or configuration used, which is dependent upon the number of growing pods and spacers used.

The pipe design is particularly aimed at those with disabilities, dexterity, sight or other issues.

The growing pod, illustrated in FIG 5a, has a proprietary and unique design, with a lightweight but strong and durable construction. Each growing pod sits on top of the next pod down, as illustrated in FIG 8, with specifically designed feet (22) on the lower surface and sockets (23) on the upper surface, for easy fitting.

An alternative arrangement is shown in FIG 5b whereby the feet (22) and sockets (23) include a mating spigot (202) and aperture (204). The spigot (202) extends vertically from the base of the foot (22) and is accommodated in a close fitting aperture (204) in the base (205) of the socket (23) to more securely fix the feet (22) of the upper pod in the sockets (23) of the lower pod. This is particularly advantageous in larger pods where the weight of the contents of the pod may cause the upper parts of the pod to flex outwardly and may otherwise displace the feet from the sockets under the consequent forces applied to the feet. The sockets (23) are generally in the form of an arcuate lip (206) on a foot support (205) inwardly extending from the pod wall midway between twc adjacent lobes (208) of the growing pod. The socket (23) is formed at the height of the upper rim (210) of the pod. The lip (206) extends upwardly along the outer portion of the foot support (205) to outwardly restrain the foot (22) of the adjacent pod once located in position. The arrangement includes a supporting pillar (207) formed in the inner wall of the pod immediately below the arcuate lip which terminates at its upper end in the horizontal platform which acts as the support (205) upon which the feet (22) of the upper pod are supported and in which is formed the aperture (204) for close fitting engagement therethrough with the spigot (202) extending vertically downwards from the base of the feet (22) of the upper pod.

The growing pod design and size are optimised to enable ease of fitting and removal and may also be easily rotated individually.

Each growing pod has an extended lobe design, with four growing points (24) each extending laterally outwards from the centre in order to maximise the amount of light incidence on the plants in each growing point, as well as the incidence of fresh air, important for plant health and the reduction of pests.

Each growing pod stacks, as illustrated in FIG 8, in a manner such that the growing points of each growing pod are horizontally offset from the growing points of the growing pods above and below, providing each plant with free vertical space up to the growing points of second growing pod above, optimising the incidence of sunlight and air flow for each plant. Each growing pod incorporates drain holes (25) in its floor spaced to spread water flow and optimize drainage. Each growing pod has a central hole through which the fluid transmission pipe passes. The growing pod has a central raised circular ridge or collar (26) around the central hole to house the pipe sleeves (27), described below.

The size and shape of the growing pod is designed to optimise root space, water flow and ease of use. The angled sides (28) of the growing pod below each growing point, tapering inwards from top to bottom, are designed to maximise heat deflection in strong sun and heat absorption in weaker light conditions.

The shape of the growing pod also transfers the weight of the tower inwards towards the centre of the structure to optimise stability. The upper outer edges (29) have a rounded profile to minimise damage to plant stems, as well as providing an aesthetic appearance. The growing pods are presented in multiple lateral and height sizes, interchangeable as preferred by the user. The embodiment includes in each of the four flat sides (32) of each growing pod two small apertures (30) into which proprietary and inventive plant support ties (31 ), illustrated in FIG 14, may be inserted. Each plant tie comprises a cord (33), with a small toggle spring stop cord lock (34), and a small plug (35) attached to one end, with another identical plug threaded on to the cord and located along the opposite side of the cord from the first plug which is moveable by sliding it in either direction along the length of the cord. The plant tie cord is attached to the growing pod by pushing the plug at one end of the cord into one of the lateral anchor holes in the side wall of the growing pod above the pod in which the plants to be supported are located and secured into position by turning the plug through ninety degrees. The plug can be easily removed if required with a similar ninety degree turn, whereby the plug can be pulled back through the anchor hole. The cord is looped around the plant as required, and the other end of the cord attached to the same growing pod by pushing the plug (36) into the second anchor hole located beside the first anchor hole and secured in place by turning the plug through ninety degrees.

The length of the plant tie may easily be adjusted by pulling the cord loop through the toggle, which is unlocked by pressing on the toggle button, and locked into place by releasing the toggle button. In this way the plant may be drawn upwards and inwards to the required degree by adjusting the length of the plant tie. The operation is simple and effective. The length of the cord may easily be further adjusted over time as may be required and can be removed entirely by pulling the cord plugs out of the holes in the growing pod. The plugs and toggle on the plant support apparatus are of sufficient size and shape to make their use possible by those with dexterity issues, sight issues or other disabilities. The plant cord apparatus is considered to have broader applications in horticulture and plant growing activities.

Advantageously, the adjustable plant tie provides support for a plant growing upwards form a lower growing pod.

Each growing pod incorporates an internal raised line (37) to indicate where the growing medium should be filled to. This is visible and may also be felt by touch by a user who is blind or partially sighted. The system is designed to allow the user to select the preferred number and size of growing pods used, depending on the desired height. The system can comprise as few as one growing pod and as many as six growing pods. This modular adaptability is useful particularly for users with disabilities or height restrictions, as the working height of the system can be tailored to the preferred height in each case, avoiding stain or inaccessibility. The ability to use a different number and size of growing pods also makes the system readily adaptable for different plants, certain of which will require more height and space than others.

The growing pods are provided in multiple sizes, as illustrated in FIG land FIG 2, being shown of a larger sized pod (38) and a smaller, narrower sized pod (39). The pods located at the lower portion of the system will typically be of the larger size, and the higher pods the smaller size. The smaller pods allow more sunlight to fall on lower plants, allow greater air flow and create more room for larger plants growing upwards from below. This configuration also provides the tower with greater stability, as the centre of gravity of the system is lowered compared to a system with equally sized pods.

Users can choose which configuration of larger or smaller sized pods they prefer, and pods may be swapped in and out with ease, due to the combination of design features herein.

In other embodiments, growing pods of greater or smaller dimensions may be used, in systems also incorporating larger or smaller versions of the reservoir, with other components being similarly of a different size to be incorporated into the larger of smaller system. In such other embodiments, growing pods would also have additional growing sections, increasing from four to six or more as the lateral size of the growing pod is increased. This adaptability in terms of growing pod size with the modular construction makes this possible and simple, enables growers to increase the scale of their growing operations with a larger growing pod size, or to scale down the size of the system to meet their requirements in terms of space and the growing volume preferences.

In assembling the tower, a sleeve (27) is inserted into each growing pod to fit vertically over a raised collar (26) around the central hole (40). One purpose of this sleeve is to enable the user to add or remove a growing pod from the stack without disturbing the growing medium in each growing pod as the sleeve will separate the fluid transmission pipe from the growing medium in the pod, it otherwise being very difficult to reinsert the pipe into a pod if the growing medium is exposed and loose. The sleeve also inhibits water nutrient solution from travelling down along the central pipe and back to the reservoir rather than through the growing medium in the pod. The sleeve is comprised of a hollow tube of rigid material and stands above the level of the growing medium in each pod. The sleeve is circular in profije of a diameter slightly wider than the internal fluid pipe. The sleeve is easy to fit and remove, with a friction fitting. To further inhibit water nutrient solution from travelling down the central pipe, the sleeve may be fitted with a cap (302). The cap includes a central aperture (304) for the central water pipe to pass therethrough but minimises water or nutrient ingress from the pod above. At the top of the fluid transmission pipe a connecting collar (41 ) is fitted attaching a final short piece of pipe (42) to the lower pipe section. The disperser dish (43) described below rests upon a washer or stopper (44) fitted on to the transmission pipe, which in turn rests upon the upper face of the connecting collar. At the top of the transmission pipe is another connector, to attach the water fountain nozzle to the pipe. In one embodiment, a second collar (45) and stopper (44) may be added to enable a second disperser dish (46) to be fitted above the first. The functions of the disperser dish and water fountain nozzle are described below. In an alternative embodiment, the disperser dish (43) is not mounted on a separate washer and collar. Instead, adjacent sleeves are connected at the dish (43), one above and one below as seen in FIG 11 b. A first lower sleeve (402) has a threaded male portion (404) of smaller outer diameter extending upwardly through the central aperture (406) of the disperser (43) to mate with the sleeve on the other side thereof (408). The male portion (404) and the mating end (410) of the adjacent sleeve are designed for threaded engagement therebetween.

The periphery of the aperture (412) is sized to fit closely around the male portion (404) and rest upon the abutment (411 ) at the juncture thereof with the rest of the sleeve. The mating sleeve (408) similarly abuts against the other side of the dish about the aperture to securely fix the dish in position. The aperture (406) is formed in a recess on the underside of the dish. In addition, the aperture is formed with a peripheral lip which is raised with respect to the floor of the dish. It will be appreciated that the recess on the underside effectively forms the lip in the base of the dish on the opposite side and that surrounds and defines the aperture.

The male connector may also be push fit as an alternative to threaded engagement with the adjacent sleeve. Advantageously, the recessed aperture provides aesthetic improvement by hiding the sleeve connection and at the same time forms a raised lip on the base of the dish surrounding the aperture to prevent water ingress.

The system incorporates a water fountain feature (47), illustrated in FIG 10. This comprises a nozzle fitted to the top of the fluid transmission pipe which creates a fountain effect as the water nutrient solution emerges from the pipe. The solution then cascades downwards into the disperser dish, for further downward transmission through successive growing pods. In one embodiment, the fluid solution transitions from the fluid transmission pipe into a first disperser dish, and in turn to a second disperser dish arranged below the first disperser dish, and then downwards into the first growing pod. A range of different fountain nozzles can be used depending on the preferred effect. One consequence of this inventive and novel feature not seen in systems in the prior art is to create a sound effect, which is an appealing feature but also important for the visually impaired, adding to the experience as well as alerting the visually impaired user of the movement of water through the system. By this, there is provided both a growing system and a water feature.

The water fountain feature also adds oxygenation to the water nutrient solution. A high dissolved oxygen content in water is well known to significantly enhance nutrient absorption by the root systems of plants, resulting in faster growth, higher yields and healthy plants. The fountain effect creates a spray of water which readily absorbs oxygen as it moves through the air and downwards into the disperser dish.

The upper section of the transmission pipe also allows for the attachment of additional components for the further enhancement of the operation of the apparatus. Such additional components may include a shading cover of lightweight material which extends laterally outward from the centre, with an optional fine mesh screen which provides shading of the plants below. This component has particular utility in regions where the sun is strong, and where the plants will accordingly benefit from a degree of shading. The shading cover also has the effect of reducing the air temperature below, by several degrees, which is a further benefit for the growing of plants in hot climates as temperatures above a certain level has an adverse impact on the health and growing ability of many plants.

Other components may be attached to the upper section of the transmission pipe such as small lights positioned in a configuration such that the plants below are provided with supplemental light to further aid their growth.

A disperser dish (43), illustrated in FIG 11 , is fitted on to the fluid transmission pipe above the highest growing pod. The disperser arrests the rapid flow of the water nutrient solution flowing from the fountain nozzle. Two dispersers dishes may be included, creating a waterfall effect. This sequential cascading adds to the oxygenation and the amount of dissolved oxygen in the fluid solution as it migrates through the growing pods. It also creates additional sound. It adds to the visual and auditory impact of the system, further enhancing the positioning of the apparatus as a combination of growing system and water feature.

The disperser dish (43) is circular in profile with a diameter designed to capture and control the water nutrient solution flow from above, avoiding dispersal of said solution directly on to the plants below. The disperser dish has multiple holes (48) located in a configuration to channel the water nutrient solution to the mid-section of the first growing pod. The height and positioning of the disperser dishes can be adjusted up or down as desired.

A spacer (21 ), illustrated in FIG 12, is provided to be placed between growing pods to increase height and space between each growing pod, allowing for greater air flow and less crowding of plants, optimizing healthy plant growth and reducing pest incidence. The spacer is another element of modular design in the apparatus, designed to enable multiple configurations of the system in particular to provide maximum flexibility for individuals who have more difficulty bending down. The spacer has an inventive and novel design, with feet (49) and sockets (50) matching the feet (23) and sockets(22) in each growing pod, thereby enabling a growing pod to fit on top of or below a spacer, or on top of or below another growing pod, as preferred. The spacer fits precisely with each pod above and below, illustrated In FIG 13. If preferred, multiple spacers (51 ) can be used in series to extend the vertical space between each growing pod.

The spacer has an open top (52) and bottom (53), as illustrated in FIG 12, to allow the flow of the water nutrient solution from the growing pod immediately above the spacer through to the growing pod immediately below the spacer. The spacer has openings (54) on all four sides, enabling visual inspection of the water flow, as well as providing additional air flow around plants and through the tower.

All components together comprising the apparatus are designed to assist the visually impaired. An inventive and novel aspect of the apparatus comprises the incorporation in one or more embodiments of Brail into each component, being a specific arrangement of raised dots which can be interpreted by an unsighted or partially sighted user. This will greatly assist visually impaired users to identify each part, in assembly, operation and disassembly operations. The growing medium line incorporated into each growing pod is also an example of this. The sounds of the system, in particular the water feature and disperser cascading function, are also intended to be appealing and useful to visually impaired users.

Many other features of the apparatus, including but not limited to the ease of assembly, modular design and construction, simple operation, fully automated and self-watering functionality, and other features are all specifically designed to make the system accessible for use by the visually impaired.

The apparatus is also designed specifically to make the system as accessible as possible to those with the fullest range of disability, impairment, motor limitations, dexterity issues, those using wheelchairs, and those with other restrictions to normal gardening activity. This includes the vertical configuration of the system, the modular design and optionality on height, the lightweight but robust nature of the components, the ease of assembly and operation, the ability to use the system inside or outside, the ability to swap pods and the use of spacers, the long time between reservoir refilling, the fully automated and self-watering functionality, the incorporation of rounded edges and absence of sharp comers, and essentially all other design features. Another embodiment of the apparatus, illustrated in FIG 15, presents a growing system incorporating more than one tower of growing pods (55), arranged above a single reservoir. Such embodiments comprise a two tower system, a three tower system and a four tower system. In each such embodiment, a single reservoir (56) forms the base of the device, with the same core components as in the single tower embodiment described above. Each multiple device incorporates modified fluid transmission piping (58) attached through a multiple outlet connector connecting said piping to a single pump (57) located on the floor of the reservoir. Each multiple tower system operates in an identical manner to the single tower embodiment of the device. The multiple tower embodiments of the device provide the user with the ability to grow larger volumes of produce and a greater variety of plants when compared to the single tower embodiment, within a single apparatus.

In another embodiment of the apparatus, a device is presented, illustrated in FIG 16, comprising a multiple tower growing system of a significantly smaller size than the embodiments of the present invention disclosed above, in such embodiment, a device is presented with a reservoir (60) at its base, and three towers of vertically stacked growing pods (59) arranged above the reservoir in a lateral configuration along the top of the reservoir. A small submersible pump (61) is located on the floor of the reservoir, attached to a timer. The device incorporates modified fluid transmission piping attached through a multiple outlet connector connecting said piping to a single pump located on the floor of the reservoir. The system operates in an identical manner to the single tower embodiment of the device, although on a miniaturised scale making the device of utility and appeal for a kitchen counter top or similar location. The device incorporates an LED lighting component, such that plants can be grown in an inside location for all year round inside growing. The prior art does not disclose a hydroponic growing system comprising a series of small sized towers.

Suitable materials for the components of the present invention will be known to the skilled person. For example, HDPE, particularly, HDPE 2 is a suitable material, especially for those parts in contact with the growing medium, in use.

While the present invention has been illustrated by description of several embodiments and while the illustrative embodiments have been described in detail, it is not the intention of the applicant to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the appended claims to such detail. Additional modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. The invention in its broader aspects is therefore not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus and methods, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly,! departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of applicant's general inventive concept.

Claims

1. Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more growing pods stacked one above the other and a water supply connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide water to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium, characterized in that a sleeve is provided in each pod to accommodate the conduit therethrough and which is effective to separate the conduit from the growing medium in use.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the sleeve extends upwardly from the base of the pod and terminates at a level which is typically above the level of the growing medium in use.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall of each sleeve and the inner side wall of each pod define the chamber of each pod in use.

4. Apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sleeve is fitted with a cap, wherein the cap includes a central aperture for the central water pipe to pass therethrough.

5. Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more pods stacked one above the other and a water supply connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide a water supply to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium, characterized in that the water outlet for the conduit is located above the uppermost pod and is adapted to provide multiple water streams therethrough to cascade in the direction of the pod below.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a dish is located below the water outlet and is positioned to receive the cascading water streams to prevent direct impact with; the pod contents and wherein the dish is provided with apertures to allow water flow therethrough to the pod contents below.

7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the cross-sectional area of the conduit is reduced prior to the outlet to provide increased pressure at the outlet.

8. Apparatus according to any of claims 6-7, wherein there may be further dishes: generally each arranged in series below the one above.

9. Apparatus according to any of claims 5-8, wherein the dish is mounted about the conduit, optionally via a fixing sleeve therefor.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the conduit or the sleeve therefor include a stopper on which the dish sits to prevent downward movement of the dish.

11. Apparatus according to any of claims 6-10, wherein the dish has an aperture for mounting about the conduit or sleeve therefor.

12. Apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the aperture for mounting about the conduit is formed in a recess on the underside of the dish.

13. Apparatus according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the aperture for mounting about the conduit has a peripheral lip which is raised with respect to the floor of the dish.

14. Apparatus according to any of claims 5 to 13, wherein the conduit or sleeve includes an inner male connector at its end which extends into the adjacent piece and includes an abutment at its junction with the main body of the conduit or sleeve upon which the dish may be supported.

15. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the conduit extends through each pod via a centrally disposed hole termed in the base of the pod.

16. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the sleeve is mounted in each pod about a centrally disposed hole.

17. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the hole has an upright collar around the periphery thereof adapted for close fitting engagement with the base of the sleeve for secure mounting thereof.

18. Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more pods stacked one above the other and a water supply connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide a water supply to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium, characterized in that a spacer is located between adjacent pods to increase the space therebetween.

19. Apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the spacer is adapted for stacking in the same manner as the pods.

20. Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more pods stacked one above the other and a water supply connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide a water supply to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium, characterized in that an adjustable cord is fitted to one or more pods to provide an adjustable support for plant i material.

21. Apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the adjustable cord is secured by two anchor points on the pod.

22. Apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more pods stacked one above the other and a water reservoir connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide a water supply to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium, characterized in that the conduit has two or more sections.

23. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the conduit extends through each pod via a centrally disposed hole formed in the base of the pod.

24. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the sleeve is mounted in each pod about a centrally disposed hole.

25. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the hole has an upright collar around the periphery thereof adapted for close fitting engagement with the base of the sleeve for secure mounting thereof.

26. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the conduit is formed of rigid material.

27. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein a sun shade is located above the water outlet to provide shade for the pods thereunder.

28. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the water supply is a reservoir optionally located at or near the base of the apparatus.

29. Apparatus according to claim 28, wherein the reservoir is associated with a pump operable to pump water to the water outlet.

30. Apparatus according to claim 29, wherein the pump is securely located centrally in the reservoir, preferably at or near the base thereof.

31. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the base of each pod includes a series of drainage apertures.

32. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the pods are adapted for stacking securely.

33. Apparatus according to claim 32, wherein the adjacent stacked pods are adapted with suitable male and female connectors for secure engagement.

34. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the column is mounted on a base unit.

35. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the base unit includes one or more of the reservoir, a power supply and the pump.

36. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the column is axially rotatable with respect to the base unit.

37. Apparatus according to claim 36, wherein a bearing is located between the base unit and the column to facilitate relative rotation therebetween.

38. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein there are multiple columns in spaced arrangement mounted in a common base unit.

39. Apparatus according to any of claim 36-37, wherein the base unit includes a lid and the lid has an opening (15) into which a bearing plate (16) for the bearing is inserted and an aperture is located in the opening, fixed in position by a brace through which water from a reservoir in the base unit passes via a conduit connected to the aperture.

40. Apparatus according to claim 39, wherein the brace is fixed to the edges of the opening.

41. Apparatus according to claim 38 or 39, wherein the brace is cruciform and the aperture is formed at the junction of the cross members of the brace.

42. Apparatus according to any of claims 39-41 , wherein the aperture is designed for close fitting engagement with the conduit.

43. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein the apparatus is adapted for growing plants in a hydroponic or aeroponic system, preferably, a hydroponic system.

44. Apparatus according to any preceding claim, wherein a shade is located below the water outlet to provide shade for the pods thereunder and includes a concave portion (as viewed from above) to receive the cascading water streams to prevent direct impact with the pod contents and wherein the shade is provided with apertures to allow water flow therethrough to the pod contents below.

45. Apparatus according to claim 44, wherein the shade includes both convex and concave portions.

46. Apparatus according to claim 33, wherein the male connectors are the feet of the pod and the female connectors are accommodating sockets formed in the rim of the pod.

47. Apparatus according to claim 46, wherein the female connectors include or are associated with a support for the base of the male connectors, typically, the support extends inwardly from the inner wall of the pod at the location where the feet of an adjacent pod will engage therewith, more typically, the support is co-planar with the base of the feet of the pods.

48. Apparatus according to claim 33, 46 or 47, wherein the connectors include a spigot and accommodating aperture, typically, wherein the spigot extends downwardly from the base of a foot and the accommodating aperture is formed in or association with the female connector, more typically, the aperture is formed in the support

49. Apparatus according to any of claims 46-48, wherein the socket is an arcuate lip extending upwardly from the outer side of the support.

50. Apparatus according to claim 41 , wherein the support for the feet is a platform. Typically, the support forms the base of the socket.

51. A kit of parts adapted to form apparatus according to any preceding claim.

52. A kit of parts according to claim 51 , wherein at least some of the parts are designed to be interchangeable.

53. A kit of parts according to claim 52, wherein the interchangeable parts are selected from the pods, sleeves, conduit sections and outlets, dishes, shades, stoppers, spacers, cords, pumps and/or base units or combinations thereof.

54. A kit of parts adapted to be interchangeably assembled into apparatus for growing plants comprising a column of two or more growing pods stacked one above the other and a water supply connected to the uppermost pod via a conduit which extends through each pod in turn to provide water to the uppermost pod, each pod defining a chamber for holding a plant and growing medium.

55. A kit of parts according to claim 54 comprising any one or more of the features of any of claims 1 to 53.

56. A method of growing plants in apparatus according to any preceding claim.