WO2020093405A1 - 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统 - Google Patents

一种燃料电池冷却循环系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020093405A1
WO2020093405A1 PCT/CN2018/114927 CN2018114927W WO2020093405A1 WO 2020093405 A1 WO2020093405 A1 WO 2020093405A1 CN 2018114927 W CN2018114927 W CN 2018114927W WO 2020093405 A1 WO2020093405 A1 WO 2020093405A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
coolant
way valve
heating
battery reactor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/114927
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邓佳
李勇
易勇
陈星富
李海君
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd, Broad Ocean Motor EV Co Ltd filed Critical Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020093405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020093405A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
    • H01M8/04701—Temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel cell cooling cycle system.
  • Existing fuel cells include a battery reactor that generates electricity using an electrochemical reaction, a cooling system that reduces the temperature of the battery reactor, and a fuel cell system controller that controls the battery reactor and the cooling system.
  • the battery reactor includes a battery reactor and an air extraction device. The air extraction device sends air to the battery reactor.
  • the battery reactor uses the electrochemical reaction between the hydrogen stored in the gas cylinder and the oxygen in the air to generate electrical energy. In this process The medium battery reactor will emit a large amount of reaction by-products-heat and water, where the heat is taken away by the cooling system, but the water will remain on the fuel cell proton exchange membrane.
  • the optimal operating temperature of the fuel cell is between 60 °C -70 °C, the reliability of the fuel cell is insufficient at low temperatures, and the waiting time for starting at low temperature cold start is too long to quickly increase the temperature of the fuel cell. Will seriously affect the efficiency of the fuel cell.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108615916A discloses a fuel cell.
  • the heater is equipped with a heating element inside. After the heating element is energized, it will flow into The coolant of the heater is heated to solve the problem of low fuel cell operating efficiency caused by low temperature during low temperature startup, but the technology also has the following problems: On the one hand, the coolant heating and circulation performance of the existing heater Poor, affecting the efficiency of the fuel cell; on the other hand, due to the larger volume of the heater, occupying the fuel cell space, resulting in increased fuel cell costs.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell cooling circulation system, which can not only optimize the heating and circulation performance of the cooling liquid, but also have a simple and compact structure.
  • a fuel cell cooling cycle system includes a cooling system.
  • the cooling system includes a battery reactor, a water pump, a radiator, a thermostatic three-way valve, and a pipeline that generate electricity using an electrochemical reaction of air and hydrogen.
  • the battery reactor, a water pump, The radiator and the constant temperature three-way valve are connected by a pipeline, and the pipeline is at least partly a heating pipeline.
  • the above heating pipe includes a pipe body and a heating unit.
  • the pipe body includes a pipe wall, an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface, and the heating unit is provided in the pipe wall or on the inner wall surface or the outer wall surface.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the above-mentioned heat generating unit is circular, arc or square.
  • the above-mentioned heat generating units are plural, and the heat generating units are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the pipe body.
  • the above-mentioned heat generating units are plural, and the heat generating units are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pipe body.
  • the above-mentioned heating unit is a self-heating device or an electric heating device.
  • the above electric heating device is a resistance wire or a heating chip, a microwave device or a PTC heating element.
  • the pipeline between the heat generating pipeline and the battery reactor is connected through a three-way joint or a straight-through joint.
  • the above-mentioned electric heating device is electrically connected to the external power source through the pipe body or the three-way joint or the straight-through joint.
  • a first temperature sensor is provided at the coolant inlet of the battery reactor
  • a second temperature sensor is provided at the coolant outlet of the battery reactor
  • the coolant outlet of the battery reactor is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump
  • the water pump The coolant outlet of the radiator is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator.
  • the coolant outlet of the radiator is connected to the second valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve.
  • the first valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve is connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump.
  • the third valve port of the through valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor.
  • the pipeline connecting the third valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve and the coolant inlet of the battery reactor is at least partially a heat generating pipeline.
  • An electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the water pump and the radiator, one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor through a pipeline, and the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor At least part of the connected pipes are heating pipes.
  • the above-mentioned electromagnetic three-way valve includes a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, the first interface is connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump, the second interface and the coolant inlet of the radiator and the first valve port of the constant temperature three-way valve
  • the third interface is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor.
  • the above-mentioned cooling system further includes a coolant replenishment circuit.
  • the coolant replenishment circuit includes a deionization filter, an expansion tank, and a pressure sensor.
  • One end of the deionization filter is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor through a pipe.
  • the deionization filter The other end is connected to the expansion water tank, and the other end of the expansion water tank is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump.
  • the pressure sensor is located in the cooling system and detects the coolant hydraulic pressure of the cooling system.
  • An electromagnetic valve is connected between the cooling liquid inlet of the battery reactor and the deionization filter.
  • the present invention has the following effects:
  • the pipeline is at least partly a heating pipe, and the heating pipe is directly used to heat the cooling fluid of the fuel cell, which can not only optimize the heating and circulation performance of the cooling fluid, thereby improving the working efficiency of the fuel cell; and the structure is simple and compact, not Will increase the volume of the fuel cell, thereby saving fuel cell space and cost.
  • the heating pipe includes a pipe body and a heating unit.
  • the pipe body includes a pipe wall, an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface.
  • the heating unit is provided in the pipe wall. By setting the heating unit in the pipe wall, not only can the heating be rapid, but also the sealing effect Good; the heating unit is located on the inner wall surface of the pipe body and can be heated quickly.
  • the heating unit is in direct contact with the coolant and the contact area is large, so as to improve the heating efficiency; the heating unit is located on the outer wall surface of the pipe body, which not only realizes heating, but also facilitates the heating unit Installation and replacement.
  • the heating unit is ring-shaped, arc-shaped or square.
  • the ring-shaped heating unit can wrap or cover the entire length of the pipe body, so that the temperature of the cooling liquid can be quickly raised, and the heating effect is good; the arc-shaped heating unit can be more Close to the pipe body, which makes the installation convenient and low cost; square heating unit, when the pipe body is not cylindrical or round, can be better installed flexibly according to needs.
  • the heating units are arranged at intervals along the length of the pipe body, and can be heated all the way along the flow direction of the liquid, with less loss.
  • the heat generating units are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pipe body, and the circumferential distribution can make the liquid evenly heated.
  • the heating unit is a self-heating device.
  • the self-heating device does not need to add other energy supply devices.
  • the structure is simple; the electric heating device is more mature, safe and effective to use this heating unit, and the heating unit can be uniformly controlled according to demand. .
  • the heating unit is a resistance wire or a heating sheet or a microwave device or a PTC heating body.
  • the common heating unit is used. When the heating unit needs to be replaced, it can be replaced at any time, saving cost and time.
  • the pipeline between the heating pipeline and the battery reactor is connected by a three-way joint or a straight joint.
  • Different joints are used according to actual needs, which not only facilitates installation and replacement, but also reduces costs, and uses ordinary pipelines in parts that do not require heating. , Use heating pipes for the parts that need to be heated.
  • the electric heating device is electrically connected to an external power source through a pipe body or a three-way joint or a straight joint.
  • an external power source By connecting an external power source to the pipe body or a three-way joint or a straight joint, wiring and replacement can be more convenient.
  • a first temperature sensor is provided at the coolant inlet of the battery reactor, and a second temperature sensor is provided at the coolant outlet of the battery reactor.
  • the coolant outlet of the battery reactor is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump.
  • the coolant outlet of the water pump is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator.
  • the coolant outlet of the radiator is connected to the second valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve.
  • the first valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve is connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump.
  • the third port of the three-way valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor.
  • the constant temperature three-way valve is used to control the flow direction of the coolant in the cooling system.
  • the pipe connecting the third valve port of the thermostatic three-way valve and the battery reactor coolant inlet is at least partly a heating pipe, the heating pipe is installed in a reasonable position, the heating effect is good, and the energy consumption loss is small.
  • An electromagnetic three-way valve is provided between the water pump and the radiator, and one interface of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor through a pipeline, and the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor At least part of the connected pipeline is a heating pipeline.
  • the electromagnetic three-way valve is used to switch between the cold start and the normal working state of the battery reactor.
  • the electromagnetic three-way valve When the cold start starts, the electromagnetic three-way valve is opened, and the heating pipe is connected to heat the coolant; when the temperature reaches normal After the work is required, the heating pipe is cut off by closing the electromagnetic three-way valve, and the radiator or constant temperature three-way valve is connected to enter the normal working state, so that the cold start of the fuel cell cooling cycle system and the normal working state are quickly switched to improve heating or heat dissipation effectiveness.
  • the cooling system further includes a coolant supplement circuit, the coolant supplement circuit includes a deionization filter, an expansion tank, and a pressure sensor.
  • the coolant supplement circuit is used to balance the hydraulic pressure of the cooling system and the supplement of coolant, and deionization
  • the filter can filter the ions in the cooling liquid; the pressure sensor is located at the cooling liquid outlet of the battery reactor, and the detection of the hydraulic pressure is more accurate.
  • a solenoid valve is connected between the coolant inlet of the battery reactor and the deionization filter.
  • the pressure sensor detects the coolant hydraulic pressure of the cooling system.
  • the fuel cell system controller can control the solenoid valve according to the coolant hydraulic pressure to ensure the cooling system. Hydraulic pressure is normal.
  • Embodiment 1 is a structural block diagram of a fuel cell cooling cycle system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of another fuel cell cooling cycle system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a heating pipe provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a heating pipe provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a heating pipe provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6a to 6c are structural diagrams of a heating pipe according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a fuel cell cooling cycle system according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a fuel cell cooling cycle system according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the preferred configuration of the fuel cell cooling cycle system of FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a fuel cell cooling cycle system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a preferred configuration of the fuel cell cooling cycle system of FIG. 10.
  • a fuel cell cooling cycle system includes a cooling system 10 including a battery reactor 5, a water pump 12, and heat dissipation using the electrochemical reaction of air and hydrogen to generate electricity 13, thermostat three-way valve 14 and pipeline, the battery reactor 5, the water pump 12, the radiator 13, and the thermostat three-way valve 14 are connected by a pipeline, the pipeline is at least partially a heating pipe 15, the heating pipe 15 It includes a pipe body 151 and a heating unit 152.
  • the pipe body 151 includes a pipe wall 1511, an inner wall surface 1512 and an outer wall surface 1513.
  • the heating unit 152 is disposed in the pipe wall 1511 or on the inner wall surface 1512 or the outer wall surface 1513.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the heating unit 152 is circular.
  • the heating unit 152 may be an electric heating device such as a resistance wire or a heating sheet or a microwave device or a PTC heating element.
  • the heating unit 152 may also be a self-heating device such as: Metal magnesium, sodium hydroxide, metal vanadium, metal titanium, etc.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 4, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1.
  • the heating unit is arc-shaped, and the heating unit 152 is provided at any position of the pipe body, for example: In the wall 1511, or on the inner wall surface 1512 or the outer wall surface 1513, the heating unit 152 may be one or more; when there are multiple heating units 152, the heating units 152 are circumferentially spaced along the pipe body 151 Configuration, the interval configuration may be uniformly distributed or irregularly distributed.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in FIG. 5, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1.
  • the heating unit is square, and the heating unit 152 is provided at any position of the pipe body, for example: at the wall 1511 In the middle or on the inner wall surface 1512 or the outer wall surface 1513, the heating unit 152 may be one or more; when there are multiple heating units 152, the heating units 152 are spaced along the circumferential direction of the pipe body 151,
  • the interval configuration method may be uniformly distributed or irregularly distributed.
  • Embodiment 4 As shown in FIGS. 6a to 6c, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1.
  • the heating unit 152 is provided at any position of the pipe body, for example: in the pipe wall 1511 or inside On the wall surface 1512 or the outer wall surface 1513, the heating unit 152 may be one or more. When the heating unit 152 is multiple, the multiple heating units 152 are arranged at intervals along the length of the pipe body 151.
  • the interval configuration method can be uniformly distributed or irregularly distributed.
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 7, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 4.
  • the pipeline between the heating pipe 15 and the battery reactor 5 is passed through a three-way joint 16 or a straight joint (FIG. (Not shown in the figure), the electric heating device is electrically connected to an external power source (not shown in the figure) through the pipe body 151 or the three-way connector 16 or the straight-through connector (not shown in the figure).
  • Embodiment 6 As shown in FIGS. 8 to 9, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiments 1 to 4, the first temperature sensor 31 and the battery reactor 5 are provided at the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 A second temperature sensor 32 is provided at the coolant outlet.
  • the coolant outlet of the battery reactor 5 is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump 12.
  • the coolant outlet of the water pump 12 is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator 13.
  • the liquid outlet is connected to the second valve port 142 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14, the first valve port 141 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14 is connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump 12, and the third valve port 143 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14 is connected to the battery reactor 5 is connected to the coolant inlet, the third valve port 143 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 at least in part is a heating pipe 15, the cooling system 10 further includes a coolant supplement circuit 20
  • the coolant replenishment circuit 20 includes a deionization filter 24, an expansion water tank 22, and a pressure sensor 23.
  • One end of the deionization filter 24 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 through a pipe, and the deionization filter The other end of 24 is connected to the expansion water tank 22, and the other end of the expansion water tank 22 is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump 12, the expansion water tank is located at the highest point of the cooling system 10, the pressure sensor 23 is located in the cooling system 10 and detects the cooling of the cooling system 10 In hydraulic pressure, a solenoid valve 21 is connected between the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 and the deionizing filter 24.
  • Embodiment 7 As shown in FIGS. 10 to 11, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of Embodiments 1 to 4, the first temperature sensor 31 and the battery reactor are provided at the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 A second temperature sensor 32 is provided at the coolant outlet of 5, the coolant outlet of the battery reactor 5 is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump 12, the coolant outlet of the water pump 12 is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator 13, the radiator The coolant outlet of 13 is connected to the second valve port 142 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14, the first valve port 141 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14 is connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump 12, and the third valve port 143 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14 Connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5, an electromagnetic three-way valve 17 is provided between the water pump 12 and the radiator 13, and one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve 17 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 through a pipe.
  • the pipeline connecting the electromagnetic three-way valve 17 and the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 is at least partially a heating pipe 15.
  • the electromagnetic three-way valve 17 includes a first port 171, a second port 172, and a third port 173.
  • the first Interface 171 Connected to the coolant outlet of the water pump 12, the second port 172 is connected to the coolant inlet of the radiator 13 and the first valve port 141 of the thermostatic three-way valve 14, and the third port 173 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 when cold
  • the electromagnetic three-way valve 17 is opened, and the heating pipe 15 is connected to heat the coolant; when the temperature reaches the normal working requirements, the heating pipe 15 is cut off by closing the electromagnetic three-way valve 17, the radiator 13 or the thermostatic three-way is connected
  • the valve 14 enters the normal working state, and the coolant replenishment circuit 20 includes a deionization filter 24, an expansion water tank 22, and a pressure sensor 23.
  • One end of the deionization filter 24 is connected to the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 through a pipeline, and the deionization filter
  • the other end of the device 24 is connected to the expansion water tank 22, the other end of the expansion water tank 22 is connected to the coolant inlet of the water pump 12, the expansion water tank is located at the highest point of the cooling system, the pressure sensor 23 is located in the cooling system 10 and detects the cooling system 10
  • the coolant is hydraulically pressured, and a solenoid valve 21 is connected between the coolant inlet of the battery reactor 5 and the deionizing filter 24.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，包括冷却系统(10)，所述冷却系统(10)包括利用空气和氢气的电化学反应而发电的电池反应堆(5)、水泵(12)、散热器(13)、恒温三通阀(14)和管道，所述电池反应堆(5)、水泵(12)、散热器(13)、恒温三通阀(14)之间通过管道连接，所述管道至少部分是发热管道(15)，直接利用发热管道（15）对燃料电池的冷却液进行加热，不仅可以优化对冷却液的加热与流通性能，从而提高燃料电池的工作效率；而且结构简单、紧凑，不会增加燃料电池的体积，从而节约燃料电池的空间和成本。

Description

一种燃料电池冷却循环系统 技术领域：
本发明涉及一种燃料电池冷却循环系统。
背景技术：
现有的燃料电池包括利用电化学反应而发电的电池反应堆，对电池反应堆进行降温的冷却系统、以及对电池反应堆和冷却系统进行控制的燃料电池系统控制器。电池反应堆包括电池反应堆和抽风装置，抽风装置向电池反应堆送入空气，电池反应堆利用储存在气瓶中的氢气与被送入的空气中的氧气之间发生电化学反应来产生电能，在此过程中电池反应堆会排出大量的反应副产物——热量和水，其中，热量被冷却系统带走，而水却会残留在燃料电池质子交换膜上。在低温环境下，关闭电池反应堆后残留在燃料电池质子交换膜上的水将会结冰，进而破坏燃料电池质子交换膜。同时，燃料电池的最佳工作温度在60℃-70℃之间，在低温状态下燃料电池的可靠性不足，且在低温冷启动时启动的等待时间过长，不能快速提高燃料电池温度，将会严重影响燃料电池的效率。
为解决上述问题，公开号为CN108615916A的中国专利公开了一种燃料电池，通过在燃料电池冷却系统的回路上增加一个单独的加热器，加热器内部装有加热元件，加热元件通电后，将流入加热器的冷却液加热，从而解决了低温启动时，因温度过低而造成燃料电池工作效率低的问题，但该技术还存在如下问题：一方面，现有加热器的冷却液加热与流通性能差，影响燃料电池工作效率；另一方面，因加热器体积较大，占用燃料电池空间，造成燃料电池成本增加。
发明内容：
本发明的目的是提供一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，不仅可以优化对冷却液加热与流通性能，而且结构简单、紧凑。
一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，包括冷却系统,所述冷却系统包括利用空气和氢气的电化学反应而发电的电池反应堆、水泵、散热器、恒温三通阀和管道，所述电池反应堆、水泵、散热器、恒温三通阀之间通过管道连接,所述管道至少 部分是发热管道。
上述所述发热管道包括管道本体和发热单元，所述管道本体包括管壁、内壁面和外壁面，发热单元设于管壁中或内壁面或外壁面上。
上述所述发热单元的截面形状是圆环状或圆弧状或方形。
上述所述发热单元是多个，多个发热单元沿管道本体长度方向间隔配置。
上述所述发热单元是多个，多个发热单元沿管道本体周向间隔配置。
上述所述发热单元是自发热器件或电发热器件。
上述所述电发热器件是电阻丝或发热片或微波器件或PTC发热体。
上述所述发热管道与电池反应堆之间的管道通过三通接头或直通接头连接。
上述所述电发热器件通过管道本体或三通接头或直通接头与外部电源电连接。
上述所述电池反应堆的冷却液入口处设有第一温度传感器，电池反应堆的冷却液出口处设有第二温度传感器，所述电池反应堆的冷却液出口与水泵的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵的冷却液出口与散热器的冷却液入口连接，散热器的冷却液出口与恒温三通阀的第二阀口连接，恒温三通阀的第一阀口与水泵的冷却液出口连接，恒温三通阀的第三阀口与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接。
上述所述恒温三通阀的第三阀口与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接的管道至少部分是发热管道。
上述所述水泵与散热器之间设有电磁三通阀，电磁三通阀的其中一个接口通过管道与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接，所述电磁三通阀与电池反应堆的冷却液入口之间连接的管道至少部分是发热管道。
上述所述电磁三通阀包括第一接口，第二接口和第三接口，第一接口连接水泵的冷却液出口，第二接口与散热器的冷却液入口及恒温三通阀的第一阀口连接，第三接口与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接。
上述所述冷却系统还包括冷却液补充回路，所述冷却液补充回路包括去离 子过滤器、膨胀水箱和压力传感器，去离子过滤器一端通过管道与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接，去离子过滤器另一端与膨胀水箱连接，膨胀水箱另一端与水泵的冷却液入口连接，压力传感器位于冷却系统内并检测冷却系统的冷却液液压。
上述所述电池反应堆的冷却液入口与去离子过滤器之间连接有电磁阀。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下效果：
1)所述管道至少部分是发热管道，直接利用发热管道对燃料电池的冷却液进行加热，不仅可以优化对冷却液加热与流通性能，从而提高燃料电池的工作效率；而且结构简单、紧凑，不会增加燃料电池的体积，从而节约燃料电池的空间和成本。
2)发热管道包括管道本体和发热单元，所述管道本体包括管壁、内壁面和外壁面，发热单元设于管壁中，通过把发热单元设置于管壁中不仅能快速加热，而且密封效果好；发热单元位于管道本体内壁面，可以快速加热，发热单元与冷却液直接接触且接触面积较大，从而达到提高发热效率；发热单元位于管道本体外壁面，不仅可实现发热，而且方便发热单元的安装及更换。
3)发热单元是圆环状或圆弧状或方形，圆环状的发热单元可包裹或覆盖整段管道本体，使得能快速提升冷却液的温度，发热效果好；圆弧状发热单元可更紧贴管道本体，使得安装方便，成本低；方形的发热单元，当管道本体不是圆柱形或圆形时可更好的根据需要灵活安装。
4)发热单元沿管道本体长度方向间隔配置，可沿着液体的流向一直加热，较少损耗。
5)发热单元沿管道本体周向间隔配置，周向分布可使液体加热均匀。
6)发热单元是自发热器件，使用自发热器件，无需增加其他的提供能源的装置，结构简单；电发热器件，使用这种发热单元更加成熟、安全有效，可根据需求对发热单元进行统一控制。
7)发热单元是电阻丝或发热片或微波器件或PTC发热体，使用常见的发热 单元，在发热单元需更换时，可随时更换，节约成本及时间。
8)所述发热管道与电池反应堆之间的管道通过三通接头或直通接头连接，根据实际需求使用不同的接头，不仅方便安装与更换，还可减少成本，在不需要加热的部分使用普通管道，需要加热的部分使用发热管道。
9)所述电发热器件通过管道本体或三通接头或直通接头与外部电源电连接，通过在管道本体或三通接头或直通接头接外部电源，可更方便接线及更换。
10)所述电池反应堆的冷却液入口处设有第一温度传感器，电池反应堆的冷却液出口处设有第二温度传感器，所述电池反应堆的冷却液出口与水泵的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵的冷却液出口与散热器的冷却液入口连接，散热器的冷却液出口与恒温三通阀的第二阀口连接，恒温三通阀的第一阀口与水泵的冷却液出口连接，恒温三通阀的第三阀口与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接，利用恒温三通阀控制冷却系统中冷却液的流向，设计、结构简单，电池工作效率高。
11)所述恒温三通阀的第三阀口与电池反应堆冷却液入口之间连接的管道至少部分是发热管道，发热管道安装位置合理，发热效果好，能耗损失小。
12)所述水泵与散热器之间设有电磁三通阀，电磁三通阀的其中一个接口通过管道与电池反应堆的冷却液入口连接，所述电磁三通阀与电池反应堆冷却液入口之间连接的管道至少部分是发热管道，通过电磁三通阀实现电池反应堆的冷启动与正常工作状态切换，当冷启动时，电磁三通阀打开，接通发热管道对冷却液加热；当温度达到正常工作要求后，通过关闭电磁三通阀来切断发热管道，接通散热器或恒温三通阀进入常工作状态，从而实现燃料电池冷却循环系统的冷启动与正常工作状态快速切换，提高加热或散热效率。
13)所述冷却系统还包括冷却液补充回路，所述冷却液补充回路包括去离子过滤器、膨胀水箱和压力传感器，冷却液补充回路用于平衡冷却系统的液压及冷却液的补充，去离子过滤器可过滤冷却液中的离子；所述压力传感器位于电池反应堆的冷却液出口，对液压的检测更准确。
14)电池反应堆的冷却液入口与去离子过滤器之间连接有电磁阀，压力传 感器检测冷却系统的冷却液液压，燃料电池系统控制器可根据冷却液液压对电磁阀进行控制，确保冷却系统的液压正常。
附图说明：
图1是本发明实施例一提供的燃料电池冷却循环系统结构方框图；
图2是本发明实施例一提供的另一种燃料电池冷却循环系统结构方框图；
图3是本发明实施例一提供的发热管道结构图；
图4是本发明实施例二提供的发热管道结构图；
图5是本发明实施例三提供的发热管道结构图；
图6a至图6c是本发明实施例四的发热管道结构图；
图7是本发明实施例五的燃料电池冷却循环系统结构方框图；
图8是本发明实施例六的燃料电池冷却循环系统结构方框图；
图9是图8的燃料电池冷却循环系统优选项的结构方框图；
图10是本发明实施例七的燃料电池冷却循环系统结构方框图；
图11是图10的燃料电池冷却循环系统优选项的结构方框图。
具体实施方式：
下面通过具体实施例并结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一：如图1至图3所示一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，包括冷却系统10，所述冷却系统10包括利用空气和氢气的电化学反应而发电的电池反应堆5、水泵12、散热器13、恒温三通阀14和管道，所述电池反应堆5、水泵12、散热器13、恒温三通阀14之间通过管道连接，所述管道至少部分是发热管道15，所述发热管道15包括管道本体151和发热单元152，所述管道本体151包括管壁1511、内壁面1512和外壁面1513，所述发热单元152设于管壁1511中或内壁面1512或外壁面1513上，所述发热单元152的截面形状是圆环状，所述发热单元152可以是电发热器件如：电阻丝或发热片或微波器件或PTC发热体等，所述发热单元152还可以是自发热器件如:金属镁、氢氧化钠、金属钒、金属钛 等。
实施例二：如图4所示，本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进一步改进，所述发热单元是圆弧状，所述发热单元152设置在管道本体的任何位置，例如：在管壁1511中或者在内壁面1512上或者外壁面1513上，所述发热单元152可以是一个，也可以是多个；当发热单元152为多个的时候，发热单元152沿管道本体151周向间隔配置，所述间隔配置方式可以是均布也可以是不规则的分布方式。
实施例三：如图5所示，本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进一步改进，所述发热单元是方形，所述发热单元152设置在管道本体的任何位置，例如：在管壁1511中或者在内壁面1512上或者外壁面1513上，所述发热单元152可以是一个，也可以是多个；当发热单元152为多个的时候，发热单元152沿管道本体151周向间隔配置，所述间隔配置方式可以是均布也可以是不规则的分布方式。
实施例四：如图6a至图6c所示，本实施例是在实施例一的基础上进一步改进，所述发热单元152设置在管道本体的任何位置，例如：在管壁1511中或者在内壁面1512上或者外壁面1513上，所述发热单元152可以是一个，也可以是多个，当所述发热单元152是多个，多个发热单元152沿管道本体151长度方向间隔配置，所述间隔配置方式可以是均布也可以是不规则的分布方式。
实施例五：如图7所示，本实施例是在实施例一至实施例四的基础上进一步改进，所述发热管道15与电池反应堆5之间的管道通过三通接头16或直通接头(图中未显示)连接，所述电发热器件通过管道本体151或三通接头16或直通接头(图中未显示)与外部电源(图中未显示)电连接。
实施例六：如图8至图9，本实施例是在实施例一至实施例四的基础上进一步改进，所述电池反应堆5的冷却液入口处设有第一温度传感器31、电池反应堆5的冷却液出口处设有第二温度传感器32，电池反应堆5冷却液出口与水泵12的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵12的冷却液出口与散热器13的冷却液入口连接，散热器13的冷却液出口与恒温三通阀14的第二阀口142连接，恒温三通阀14的第一阀口141与水泵12的冷却液出口连接，恒温三通阀14的第三阀口143与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，所述恒温三通阀14的第三阀口143与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接的管道至少部分是发热管道15，所述冷却系统10还包括冷却液补充回路20，所述冷却液补充回路20包括去离子过滤器24、膨胀水箱22和压力传感器23，去离子过滤器24一端通过管道与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，去离子过滤器24另一端与膨胀水箱22连接，膨胀水箱22另一端与水泵12的冷却液入口连接，所述膨胀水箱位于冷却系统10的最高点，压力传感器23位于冷却系统10内并检测冷却系统10的冷却液液压，所述电池反应堆5的冷却液入口与去离子过滤器24之间连接有电磁阀21。
实施例七：如图10至图11所示，本实施例是在实施例一至实施例四的基础上进一步改进，所述电池反应堆5的冷却液入口处设有第一温度传感器31、电池反应堆5的冷却液出口处设有第二温度传感器32，电池反应堆5的冷却液出口与水泵12的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵12的冷却液出口与散热器13的冷却液入口连接，散热器13的冷却液出口与恒温三通阀14的第二阀口142连接，恒温三通阀14的第一阀口141与水泵12的冷却液出口连接，恒温三通阀14的第三阀口143与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵12与散热器13之间设有电磁三通阀17，电磁三通阀17的其中一个接口通过管道与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，所述电磁三通阀17与电池反应堆5冷却液入口之间连接的管道至少部分是发热管道15，所述电磁三通阀17包括第一接口171，第二接口172 和第三接口173，第一接口171连接水泵12的冷却液出口，第二接口172与散热器13的冷却液入口及恒温三通阀14的第一阀口141连接，第三接口173与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，当冷启动时，电磁三通阀17打开，接通发热管道15对冷却液加热；当温度达到正常工作要求后，通过关闭电磁三通阀17来切断发热管道15，接通散热器13或恒温三通阀14进入常工作状态，所述冷却液补充回路20包括去离子过滤器24、膨胀水箱22和压力传感器23，去离子过滤器24一端通过管道与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，去离子过滤器24的另一端与膨胀水箱22连接，膨胀水箱22另一端与水泵12的冷却液入口连接，所述膨胀水箱位于冷却系统的最高点，压力传感器23位于冷却系统10内并检测冷却系统10的冷却液液压，所述电池反应堆5的冷却液入口与去离子过滤器24之间连接有电磁阀21。
以上实施例为本发明的较佳实施方式，但本发明的实施方式不限于此，其他任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，包括冷却系统(10),所述冷却系统(10)包括利用空气和氢气的电化学反应而发电的电池反应堆(5)、水泵(12)、散热器(13)、恒温三通阀(14)和管道，所述电池反应堆(5)、水泵(12)、散热器(13)、恒温三通阀(14)之间通过管道连接，其特征在于：所述管道至少部分是发热管道(15)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热管道(15)包括管道本体(151)和发热单元(152)，所述管道本体(151)包括管壁(1511)、内壁面(1512)和外壁面(1513)，发热单元(152)设于管壁(1511)中或内壁面(1512)上或外壁面(1513)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热单元(152)的截面形状是圆环状或圆弧状或方形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热单元(152)是多个，多个发热单元(152)沿管道本体(151)长度方向间隔配置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热单元(152)是多个，多个发热单元(152)沿管道本体(151)周向间隔配置。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热单元(152)是自发热器件或电发热器件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述电发热器件是电阻丝或发热片或微波器件或PTC发热体。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5或6或7所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述发热管道(15)与电池反应堆(5)之间的管道通过三通接头(16)或直通接头连接。
  9. 根据权利要求6或7所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述电发热器件通过管道本体(151)或三通接头(16)或直通接头与外部电源电连 接。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2或3或4或5或6或7所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口处设有第一温度传感器(31)，电池反应堆(5)的冷却液出口处设有第二温度传感器(32)，所述电池反应堆(5)的冷却液出口与水泵(12)的冷却液入口连接，所述水泵(12)的冷却液出口与散热器(13)的冷却液入口连接，散热器(13)的冷却液出口与恒温三通阀(14)的第二阀口(142)连接，恒温三通阀(14)的第一阀口(141)与水泵(12)的冷却液出口连接，恒温三通阀(14)的第三阀口(143)与电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述恒温三通阀(14)的第三阀口(143)与电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口连接的管道至少部分是发热管道(15)。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述水泵(12)与散热器(13)之间设有电磁三通阀(17)，电磁三通阀(17)的其中一个接口通过管道与电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口连接，所述电磁三通阀(17)与电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口之间连接的管道至少部分是发热管道(15)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述电磁三通阀(17)包括第一接口(171)，第二接口(172)和第三接口(173)，第一接口(171)连接水泵(12)的冷却液出口，第二接口(172)与散热器(13)的冷却液入口及恒温三通阀(14)的第一阀口(141)连接，第三接口(173)与电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述冷却系统(10)还包括冷却液补充回路(20)，所述冷却液补充回路(20)包括去离子过滤器(24)、膨胀水箱(22)和压力传感器(23)，去离子过滤器(24)一端通过管道与电池反应堆5的冷却液入口连接，去离子过滤器(24)另一端与膨胀水箱(22)连接，膨胀水箱(22)另一端与水泵(12)的冷却液入口连接，压力传感器 (23)位于冷却系统(10)内并检测冷却系统(10)的冷却液液压。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种燃料电池冷却循环系统，其特征在于：所述电池反应堆(5)的冷却液入口与去离子过滤器(24)之间连接有电磁阀(21)。
PCT/CN2018/114927 2018-11-07 2018-11-10 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统 Ceased WO2020093405A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811320219.4A CN109473697B (zh) 2018-11-07 2018-11-07 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统
CN201811320219.4 2018-11-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020093405A1 true WO2020093405A1 (zh) 2020-05-14

Family

ID=65671962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/114927 Ceased WO2020093405A1 (zh) 2018-11-07 2018-11-10 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109473697B (zh)
WO (1) WO2020093405A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110120533A (zh) * 2019-05-15 2019-08-13 上海楞次新能源汽车科技有限公司 车用燃料电池系统的冷却系统
KR102843023B1 (ko) * 2020-11-30 2025-08-05 현대자동차주식회사 통합 냉각 제어 밸브
CN113300059B (zh) * 2021-05-13 2022-09-23 潍柴动力股份有限公司 一种冷却液加注结构及方法与一种燃料电池发动机系统
KR102576221B1 (ko) * 2021-05-21 2023-09-07 현대모비스 주식회사 연료전지 시스템에서 냉각수 온도를 제어하기 위한 방법

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102496730A (zh) * 2011-11-24 2012-06-13 新源动力股份有限公司 一种燃料电池发电系统低温启动的热管理系统及其方法
CN105101491A (zh) * 2014-05-25 2015-11-25 廊坊市爱帝工业控制技术有限公司 电热管道
CN206430367U (zh) * 2016-07-11 2017-08-22 江苏理工学院 发热管道
CN108091903A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-05-29 清华大学 一种燃料电池电堆热管理装置、系统和方法
CN108615916A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2018-10-02 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种燃料电池及其控制方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2196757Y (zh) * 1994-03-22 1995-05-10 郑成通 一种电热水器
CN202791117U (zh) * 2012-08-28 2013-03-13 李俊川 恒温伴热软管
KR102335975B1 (ko) * 2017-03-31 2021-12-07 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지 시스템
CN108054411A (zh) * 2018-01-17 2018-05-18 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 一种商用车燃料电池热管理系统
CN208011134U (zh) * 2018-03-30 2018-10-26 中国水利水电第四工程局有限公司 一种自制管道加热保温装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102496730A (zh) * 2011-11-24 2012-06-13 新源动力股份有限公司 一种燃料电池发电系统低温启动的热管理系统及其方法
CN105101491A (zh) * 2014-05-25 2015-11-25 廊坊市爱帝工业控制技术有限公司 电热管道
CN206430367U (zh) * 2016-07-11 2017-08-22 江苏理工学院 发热管道
CN108091903A (zh) * 2018-01-19 2018-05-29 清华大学 一种燃料电池电堆热管理装置、系统和方法
CN108615916A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2018-10-02 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 一种燃料电池及其控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109473697B (zh) 2020-12-15
CN109473697A (zh) 2019-03-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108615916B (zh) 一种燃料电池及其控制方法
CN107120840B (zh) 控制来自废热回收系统的热水供给的温度的结构
CN109473697B (zh) 一种燃料电池冷却循环系统
CN204902240U (zh) 一种相变储热式电热水器
CN109461952B (zh) 一种船用燃料电池热电联供系统
CN108302770A (zh) 一种零冷水燃气热水系统自动防冻方法
CN106123309A (zh) 进水预热式电热水器
CN208423063U (zh) 一种燃料电池
CN206113296U (zh) 进水预热式电热水器
CN111900436A (zh) 一种燃料电池供氢系统及燃料电池系统
CN114198904B (zh) 燃气采暖热水炉
CN117832539A (zh) 一种燃料电池发动机热管理系统
KR100817504B1 (ko) 전기보일러
CN212571052U (zh) 一种燃料电池供氢系统及燃料电池系统
CN114927719A (zh) 一种用于氢燃料电池的恒温调控装置
CN210640317U (zh) 一种自动监测冷却液液位且防外泄的燃料电池冷却系统
CN112952139B (zh) 一种燃料电池散热系统
CN106152484A (zh) 速热储水式电热水器
CN114441106A (zh) 一种具有加热功能的氢浓度传感器及燃料电池系统
CN206055943U (zh) 快速调温式电热水器
CN206094528U (zh) 速热储水式电热水器
CN207569979U (zh) 内加热外循环电暖器
CN205690492U (zh) 一种空气源热电热泵地暖装置
CN216811807U (zh) 工质蒸发器及orc发电系统
CN220627867U (zh) 一种高温甲醇燃料电池热管理系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18939330

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18939330

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1