WO2020087390A1 - Antenne hélicoïdale et dispositif de communication - Google Patents

Antenne hélicoïdale et dispositif de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020087390A1
WO2020087390A1 PCT/CN2018/113174 CN2018113174W WO2020087390A1 WO 2020087390 A1 WO2020087390 A1 WO 2020087390A1 CN 2018113174 W CN2018113174 W CN 2018113174W WO 2020087390 A1 WO2020087390 A1 WO 2020087390A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arm
helical
helical antenna
antenna according
spiral
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/113174
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
叶璐
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201880010923.1A priority Critical patent/CN110313104B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2018/113174 priority patent/WO2020087390A1/fr
Publication of WO2020087390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020087390A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of communication antennas, in particular to a helical antenna and communication equipment.
  • the current positioning antenna is mainly a single-frequency antenna and has a narrow frequency band, which makes it difficult to meet the requirements of multi-system coverage.
  • the present application provides a helical antenna capable of covering multiple systems, and a communication device including the helical antenna.
  • the helical antenna includes a dielectric tube, a feed substrate, and a plurality of radiating vibrators; the dielectric tube is carried on the feeding substrate, and a plurality of the radiating vibrators are spirally provided on the outer surface of the dielectric tube, and the feed
  • the electric substrate is provided with a feeding port, and each of the radiation vibrators includes a first spiral arm, a second spiral arm, and a parasitic arm.
  • the first spiral arm and the second spiral arm have different lengths and are spaced apart, and all The first spiral arm and the second spiral arm are electrically connected to the feed port; the parasitic arm and the second spiral arm extend in the same direction and are coupled.
  • the communication device includes the helical antenna.
  • the helical antenna provided by the present application, by helically arranging a plurality of radiating elements on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder, compared with ordinary antennas such as wire antennas, while maintaining the same length of the radiating elements, it can greatly Reduces the volume of the antenna.
  • the radiating oscillator includes a first spiral arm and a second spiral arm with different lengths. The first spiral arm and the second spiral arm can receive or transmit signals of different frequencies, thereby realizing multiple spiral antennas. System coverage.
  • the helical antenna further includes a parasitic arm coupled with the second helical arm, and the coupling between the parasitic arm and the second helical arm can increase the Broaden the signal of the frequency band to get better signal quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a helical antenna according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a parasitic arm according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a parasitic arm according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the return loss (S11) of the helical antenna described in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the E-plane total gain direction of the helical antenna described in FIG. 1 at 1.58 GHz.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the helical antenna described in FIG. 1 at an axial ratio of the E plane at 1.58 GHz.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the E-plane total gain direction of the helical antenna described in FIG. 1 at 1.23 GHz.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the E-plane axial ratio direction of the helical antenna described in FIG. 1 at 1.23 GHz.
  • a component when a component is said to be “fixed” to another component, it can be directly on another component or it can also exist in a centered component. When a component is considered to be “connected” to another component, it can be directly connected to another component or there can be centered components at the same time.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including the helical antenna provided by the present application.
  • the communication device may be an unmanned aerial vehicle or an automobile.
  • the communication device can have the characteristics of multi-frequency points and wide bandwidth, can meet the requirements of multi-system coverage, and have more accurate positioning.
  • this application provides a helical antenna 100 including a dielectric tube 10, a feeding substrate 20 and a plurality of radiating elements 30.
  • the dielectric cylinder 10 is carried on the feed substrate 20.
  • a plurality of the radiation oscillators 30 are spirally arranged on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder 10 uniformly, that is, the distance between any adjacent radiation oscillators 30 is the same.
  • the helical antenna 100 can be greatly reduced by spirally arranging the radiating oscillator 30 on the surface of the dielectric cylinder 10 while keeping the length of the radiating oscillator 30 constant. The volume is easy to promote.
  • the helical antenna 100 is a four-arm helical antenna, that is, there are four radiating oscillators 30, and the four radiating oscillators 30 are evenly spirally arranged on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder 10.
  • the helical antenna 100 in this application is an LDS (Laser-Direct-structuring, laser direct forming) antenna, that is, the omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna 100 is obtained through an LDS processing process.
  • the dielectric cylinder 10 is formed by molding, and then the radiation oscillator 30 is formed on the dielectric cylinder 10 by laser laser technology.
  • the LDS process is simpler, more stable and reliable, and the antenna can be easily formed Processed into any shape structure.
  • the helical antenna in this embodiment is manufactured by the LDS process, and a dielectric material with a lower dielectric constant than that of the helical antenna in the prior art can be used, so that the distance between adjacent radiation elements 30 can be ensured
  • the normal signal transmission can be smaller compared to the prior art, thereby further reducing the volume of the helical antenna 100.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectric cylinder 10 of the helical antenna 100 is 2.9. It can be understood that the dielectric cylinder 10 may be formed of other dielectric materials with a dielectric constant.
  • the medium cylinder 10 has a truncated cone shape, that is, it is obtained by truncating the tapered cylinder with a plane portion parallel to the ground of the tapered cylinder.
  • the dielectric cylinder 10 in the shape of a round table is being installed on the feed substrate 20, that is, the end face of the medium cylinder 10 having a larger diameter is fixed on the feed substrate 20.
  • the dielectric cylinder 10 includes a side wall 11 and a top wall 12 located on the side of the side wall 11 away from the feed substrate 20 and connected to the side wall 11.
  • the height of the media cylinder 10 is 50 mm to 70 mm
  • the radius of the end face with a larger diameter is 18 mm
  • the radius of the end face with a smaller diameter is 10 mm.
  • the medium cylinder 10 may also be a cylindrical cylinder.
  • the circular-cone-shaped dielectric cylinder in this embodiment is a cone-shaped antenna made from the circular-conical-shaped dielectric cylinder in the direction of the cone in the direction of the figure compared to the cylindrical dielectric cylinder The gain is higher and has a better effect. If the same antenna gain as the cylindrical shape is set, the size of the conical antenna can be made smaller.
  • the feeding substrate 20 is a PCB board.
  • An antenna metal ground is provided on a side of the feed substrate 20 facing the dielectric cylinder 10, and the antenna metal ground is grounded.
  • the antenna metal ground is a copper-clad metal foil provided on the feed substrate 20, and the copper-clad metal foil is grounded.
  • a plurality of feed ports 22 are provided on the feed substrate 20, and the feed ports 22 are used for signal transmission.
  • the feed port 22 corresponds to the radiation vibrator 30 one-to-one, and inputs or outputs signals for the corresponding radiation vibrator 30.
  • the feed port 22 is electrically connected to an external device, and the signal of the external device is transmitted to the radiation vibrator 40 through the feed port 22 and sent out through the radiation vibrator 30; or, the radiation vibrator 30 receives Signal and transmit the received signal to an external device through the feed port 22.
  • the four feed ports 22 are fed with signals with the same amplitude and a phase difference of 90 ° in sequence, which can make the antenna have a cardioid pattern, good front-to-back ratio and excellent wide-beam circular polarization characteristics. Suitable for use as a receiving antenna for satellite positioning systems.
  • the feed port 22 is a metal copper pillar.
  • Each of the radiation vibrators 30 includes a first spiral arm 31, a second spiral arm 32, and a parasitic arm 33, the first spiral arm 31 and the second spiral arm 32 have different lengths, so that the first spiral arm 31 is
  • the second spiral arms 32 can be arranged side by side, and the first spiral arm 31 is electrically connected to the second spiral arm 32.
  • the end of the first spiral arm 31 near the feed substrate 10 and the end of the second spiral arm 32 near the feed substrate 10 are electrically connected by a first microstrip line 34.
  • the parasitic arm 33 is spaced apart from the first spiral arm 31 and coupled with the second spiral arm 32 so as to expand the bandwidth of the frequency band corresponding to the second spiral arm 32.
  • both the first spiral arm 31 and the second spiral arm 32 are electrically connected to the feed port 22 to feed or output signals through the feed port 22.
  • the first spiral arm 31 is electrically connected to the feed port 22 through the second microstrip line 35.
  • the second spiral arm 32 is connected to the antenna metal ground through a third microstrip line 36 to ground the radiating element 30. It can be understood that, in some other embodiments of the present application, the radiating oscillator 30 may not be grounded.
  • the length of the first spiral arm 31 is 1 / 4 ⁇ 1 , where ⁇ 1 is the wavelength of the first signal to receive or transmit the first signal through the first spiral arm 31.
  • the first signal is a signal with a signal frequency of about 1.58 GHz. It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, when the first signal that the helical antenna 100 needs to receive or transmit is a signal of another frequency, the length of the first helical arm 31 can be changed to receive the signal The frequency is the first signal of other frequencies.
  • the length of the second spiral arm 32 is 1 / 4 ⁇ 2 , where ⁇ 2 is the second signal wavelength to receive or transmit the second signal through the second spiral arm 32.
  • the second signal is a signal with a signal frequency of about 1.23 GHz
  • the first spiral arm 31 and the second spiral arm 32 of the spiral antenna 100 can receive or transmit the L1 frequency band with GPS ( 1.58GHz), L2 frequency band (about 1.23GHz), GLONASS L1 (about 1.61GHz), L2 frequency band (about 1.25GHz), Beidou B1 frequency band (about 1.561GHz) and other coupled signals to make the spiral
  • the antenna 100 covers multiple system signals. It can also be understood that, in other embodiments of the present invention, when the second signal that the helical antenna 100 needs to receive or send is a signal of another frequency, the length of the second helical arm 32 can be changed to receive The signal frequency is the second signal of other frequencies.
  • the angle between the projections of the two ends of the first spiral arm 31 on the feed substrate 20 and the line connecting the center of the feed substrate 20 is 150 ° -200 °. In this embodiment, the included angle is 180 °.
  • the angle between the projection of the two ends of the second spiral arm on the feed substrate 20 and the line connecting the center of the feed substrate 20 is 70 ° -110 °), so that the omnidirectional circular pole
  • the polarized antenna 200 has a better circular polarization effect.
  • each of the first spiral arms 31 spirals on the side wall 11 of the media cylinder 10 and extends to the top wall 12 of the media cylinder 10, and is short-circuited on the top wall 12.
  • the short-circuit position of each first spiral arm 31 on the top wall 12 is the center position of the top wall 12.
  • the ends of the first spiral arm 31 and the second spiral arm 32 of each radiating oscillator 30 facing away from the feeding substrate 20 may be both open ends .
  • any two ends of the first spiral arm 31 facing away from the feed substrate 20 are short-circuited, and the other two ends facing away from the feed substrate 20 are both open ends.
  • the length and width of the parasitic arm 33 are smaller than the second spiral arm 32 to increase the bandwidth of the second spiral arm 3.
  • the parasitic arm 33 is triangular, the parasitic arm 33 is disposed on one side of the second spiral arm 32, and is partially connected to the second spiral arm 32, and other parts are connected to the second spiral The arms 32 are spaced apart. It can be understood that the parasitic arm 33 may be completely spaced from the second spiral arm 32 or completely connected to the second spiral arm 32.
  • the parasitic arm 33 may also be trapezoidal or square, and the shape is not specifically limited here.
  • the parasitic arm 33 is provided with a gap 331, and the coupling effect between the parasitic arm 33 and the second coupling arm 32 is adjusted through the gap 331, and Adjust the resonance of the overall antenna.
  • the gap 331 is provided with the parasitic arm 33 in the middle position.
  • the parasitic arms 33 may also be multiple, and the multiple parasitic arms 33 are arranged perpendicular to the extending direction of the second spiral arm 32 to pass the multiple parasitic arms
  • the common effect of 33 is to tune the whole antenna, which is convenient for expanding bandwidth.
  • the one parasitic arm 33 closest to the second spiral arm 32 may partially fit or be spaced apart from the second spiral arm 32, and the other is spaced apart from the second spiral arm 32.
  • the helical antenna 100 further includes a round table 40 disposed between the dielectric cylinder 20 and the feed substrate 10, the first microstrip line 34, and the second microstrip
  • the strip line 35 and the third microstrip line 36 are both provided on the outer wall of the circular table 40, so as to reduce the number of non-radiating parts such as the first microstrip line 34, the second microstrip line 35, and the third microstrip line 36.
  • the non-radiating portions such as the first microstrip line 34, the second microstrip line 35, and the third microstrip line 36 may also be directly provided on the surface of the dielectric cylinder 10 .
  • the helical antenna 100 provided by the present application, by helically arranging a plurality of radiating elements 30 on the outer surface of the dielectric cylinder 10, compared to a common antenna such as a wire antenna, maintaining the length of the radiating elements 30 unchanged In this case, the size of the antenna can be greatly reduced.
  • the radiation vibrator 30 includes a first spiral arm 31 and a second spiral arm 32 with different lengths. The first spiral arm 31 and the second spiral arm 32 can receive or transmit signals of different frequencies to achieve The multi-system coverage of the helical antenna 100 is described.
  • the helical antenna 100 further includes a parasitic arm 33 coupled with the second helical arm 32, and the coupling of the parasitic arm 33 and the second helical arm 32 can increase the number of The frequency band signals corresponding to the two spiral arms 32 are widened to obtain better signal quality.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the return loss (S11) of the helical antenna 100.
  • the abscissa in the figure is the frequency (GHz), and the ordinate is the S11 parameter (dB).
  • the spiral antenna 100 achieves S11 ⁇ -10dB at 1.2224-1.2585GHz and 1.5471-1.6112GHz, which means that the spiral antenna 100 is at 1.23 Around GHz and around 1.58GHz have better matching characteristics, achieve better dual-band matching characteristics, can well receive or send signals with frequencies around 1.23GHz and around 1.58GHz, and can achieve multi-system coverage.
  • the bandwidths corresponding to the two frequency bands 1.2224-1.2585GHz and 1.5471-1.6112GHz are relatively wide, meeting the needs of practical applications.
  • FIG. 6 is a directional diagram of the total gain of the E-plane of the helical antenna 100 at 1.58 GHz.
  • the abscissa in the figure is the Theta angle (deg), and the ordinate is the total gain GainTotal (dB).
  • dB total gain GainTotal
  • FIG. 7 is an E-plane axial ratio directional diagram of the helical antenna 100 at 1.58 GHz.
  • the abscissa is Theta angle (deg)
  • the ordinate is the axis ratio Axial Ratio (dB). It can be seen from the figure that in the direction of maximum gain (the position of 0 ° in this embodiment), the axial ratio is 0.1013 dB, which means that the helical antenna 100 has good circular polarization characteristics.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph of the total gain of the E-plane of the helical antenna 100 at 1.23 GHz.
  • the abscissa is the Theta angle (deg), and the ordinate is the total gain GainTotal (dB). It can be seen from the figure that the gain of the helical antenna 100 reaches 1.17 dB at 1.23 GHz, which indicates that the helical antenna 100 can receive or radiate a signal of about 1.23 GHz and produce good signal quality.
  • FIG. 9 is the E-plane axial ratio directional diagram of the helical antenna 100 at 1.23 GHz, the abscissa is Theta angle (deg), and the ordinate is the axial ratio Axial Ratio (dB).
  • the axial ratio is 0.0720 dB in the direction of maximum gain (0 ° position in this embodiment), which means that the helical antenna 100 has good circular polarization characteristics.
  • the E-plane refers to the cut plane of the antenna pattern parallel to the electric field direction. It can be seen from the above simulation results that the four-arm helical antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application has the characteristics of high gain, high efficiency, low axial ratio and good circular polarization, and can cover GPS L1, L2, GLONASS L1, L2, Beidou ’s
  • the B1 and B2 frequency bands meet the requirements of multi-system coverage. In addition, the bandwidth corresponding to different frequency bands is relatively wide to meet the actual application requirements.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une antenne hélicoïdale et un dispositif de communication. L'antenne hélicoïdale comprend un cylindre diélectrique, un substrat d'alimentation et de multiples oscillateurs de rayonnement. Le cylindre diélectrique est porté sur le substrat d'alimentation, et les multiples oscillateurs de rayonnement sont disposés en spirale au niveau d'une surface extérieure du cylindre diélectrique. Chacun des oscillateurs de rayonnement comprend un premier bras hélicoïdal, un second bras hélicoïdal et un bras parasite, le premier bras hélicoïdal et le second bras hélicoïdal ayant des longueurs différentes et étant agencés à des intervalles. Des signaux ayant différentes fréquences peuvent être reçus ou envoyés au moyen du premier bras hélicoïdal et du second bras hélicoïdal, de façon à réaliser une couverture multi-système de l'antenne hélicoïdale. Le bras parasite et le second bras hélicoïdal ont la même direction d'extension et sont couplés, et l'élargissement de la bande de fréquences de signaux correspondant au second bras hélicoïdal peut être augmenté au moyen du couplage entre le bras parasite et le second bras hélicoïdal, de manière à obtenir une meilleure qualité de signal.
PCT/CN2018/113174 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 Antenne hélicoïdale et dispositif de communication WO2020087390A1 (fr)

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CN201880010923.1A CN110313104B (zh) 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 螺旋天线及通信设备
PCT/CN2018/113174 WO2020087390A1 (fr) 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 Antenne hélicoïdale et dispositif de communication

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Cited By (6)

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CN113193340A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-30 中国民航大学 基于fpc柔性材料的北斗轻小型多臂测量型天线
CN113571884A (zh) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-29 河北工业大学 一种应用于植入式无线胶囊系统的螺旋天线
CN113644438A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-12 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线装置及电子设备
CN114843766A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-02 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 一种低轨卫星通信天线
CN117317576A (zh) * 2023-11-29 2023-12-29 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 一种宽频带四臂螺旋天线
WO2024159692A1 (fr) * 2023-01-31 2024-08-08 禾邦电子(苏州)有限公司 Antenne multifréquence à alimentation couplée et antenne hélicoïdale à polarisation circulaire multibande à alimentation couplée

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CN115000689A (zh) * 2022-07-06 2022-09-02 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 一种全向圆极化天线

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113193340A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-07-30 中国民航大学 基于fpc柔性材料的北斗轻小型多臂测量型天线
CN113571884A (zh) * 2021-07-22 2021-10-29 河北工业大学 一种应用于植入式无线胶囊系统的螺旋天线
CN113571884B (zh) * 2021-07-22 2024-01-12 河北工业大学 一种应用于植入式无线胶囊系统的螺旋天线
CN113644438A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-12 维沃移动通信有限公司 天线装置及电子设备
CN114843766A (zh) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-02 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 一种低轨卫星通信天线
CN114843766B (zh) * 2022-05-31 2024-04-26 重庆两江卫星移动通信有限公司 一种低轨卫星通信天线
WO2024159692A1 (fr) * 2023-01-31 2024-08-08 禾邦电子(苏州)有限公司 Antenne multifréquence à alimentation couplée et antenne hélicoïdale à polarisation circulaire multibande à alimentation couplée
CN117317576A (zh) * 2023-11-29 2023-12-29 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 一种宽频带四臂螺旋天线
CN117317576B (zh) * 2023-11-29 2024-02-06 福建福大北斗通信科技有限公司 一种宽频带四臂螺旋天线

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