WO2020052386A1 - 屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物 - Google Patents

屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052386A1
WO2020052386A1 PCT/CN2019/099881 CN2019099881W WO2020052386A1 WO 2020052386 A1 WO2020052386 A1 WO 2020052386A1 CN 2019099881 W CN2019099881 W CN 2019099881W WO 2020052386 A1 WO2020052386 A1 WO 2020052386A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
components
elastic
vibration
container
damping
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/099881
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘容彰
Original Assignee
刘容彰
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 刘容彰 filed Critical 刘容彰
Priority to JP2020572960A priority Critical patent/JP2021522850A/ja
Priority to EP19860807.7A priority patent/EP3798381A4/en
Publication of WO2020052386A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052386A1/zh
Priority to US17/134,477 priority patent/US20210115689A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
    • A01G9/033—Flat containers for turf, lawn or the like, e.g. for covering roofs
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
    • E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
    • E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
    • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
    • E04D11/00—Roof covering, as far as not restricted to features covered by only one of groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00; Roof covering in ways not provided for by groups E04D1/00 - E04D9/00, e.g. built-up roofs, elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • E04D11/005—Supports for elevated load-supporting roof coverings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
    • F16F2222/08—Inertia
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/0208—Alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2224/00—Materials; Material properties
    • F16F2224/02—Materials; Material properties solids
    • F16F2224/025—Elastomers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0029—Location, co-location
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
    • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
    • F16F7/108—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on plastics springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
    • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
    • F16F7/112—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on fluid springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
    • F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
    • F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
    • F16F7/116—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted on metal springs

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of building greening, windproof and earthquake resistance, and particularly relates to a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device and a building.
  • roof greening One of the important ways of roof greening is to build a flower pond on the roof, and plant green plants in the flower pond to form a sky garden.
  • the function of the roof flower pond is only to achieve roof greening, and its function is relatively single. In the prior art, there is still no deep excavation of its potential functionality.
  • a roof greening and windproof and vibration damping device is provided to solve the technical problem that the attic flower pond in the prior art can only achieve roof greening and has a relatively simple function.
  • a building is provided to solve the technical problems of wind and earthquake resistance of buildings in the prior art.
  • a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device which includes a planting container for accommodating plants and a buffer device for windproof and vibration damping.
  • the buffer device includes a plurality of roofs for installation on the outside.
  • the elastic vibration isolation component on the platform and a number of damping and buffer components for mounting on the roof wall of the outside, each of the elastic vibration isolation components is fixed on the container.
  • the plant is an aquatic plant
  • the soil is located at the bottom of the container
  • the water is located above the soil
  • the root of the aquatic plant is grown in the soil. Stems and leaves grow in the water.
  • each of the elastic isolation components is a metal elastic isolation component
  • each of the elastic isolation components is an air spring isolation component
  • each of the elastic isolation components is a rubber or plastic inner elastic isolation component
  • each of the elastic isolation components is a magnetic spring isolation component
  • each of the elastic isolation components is a composite material elastic isolation component
  • each of the elastic isolation components is the two or more composite elastic isolation components described above.
  • each of the elastic isolation components is a dry friction damping shock absorber.
  • the dry friction damping shock absorber includes an elastic member and a friction pair assembly, and both ends of the elastic member and the friction pair assembly are respectively installed at the lower end of the container and the roof. On the platform, and the axial direction of the elastic member and the friction pair assembly is kept parallel.
  • each of the damping buffer components is a viscous liquid energy-consuming damper
  • each of the damping and buffering components is a metal energy consuming damper
  • each of the damping buffer components is a viscoelastic energy dissipation damper
  • each of the damping buffer components is an internal friction energy dissipation damper
  • each of the damping buffer components is a magnetic fluid variable resistance energy dissipation damper
  • each of the damping buffer components is the above two or more kinds of energy consuming dampers.
  • each of the buffering devices is a common rubber vibration isolating support which integrates an elastic vibration isolation function and a damping buffer function;
  • each of the buffer devices is a high-damping rubber vibration-isolating support
  • each of the buffer devices is a lead-core rubber vibration isolation support
  • each of the buffer devices is the above-mentioned two or more composite rubber vibration-isolating bearings.
  • each of the elastic isolation components is connected to the container-containing container; each of the damping buffer components is connected to the container-containing container.
  • each of the damping buffer component and each of the elastic isolation components is connected to the outer peripheral side wall of the container-containing container in a uniform and divergent manner with the center of the container-containing container as a circle center.
  • a container cavity for containing soil, fertilizer, water, and plants is provided in the container, and the soil, the fertilizer, the water, the plant, and the container can collectively constitute an inertial body. .
  • each of the elastic vibration isolation components, each of the damping buffer components, and the inertial body collectively constitute a windproof and seismic system.
  • the inertia body, the elastic vibration isolation component, and the damping buffer component collectively constitute a compound vibration absorption system.
  • the buffer device further includes several universal moving components, each of which is installed at a lower end of the container.
  • a building characterized in that a plurality of the above-mentioned roof greening, windproof and vibration damping devices are installed on the roof of the building.
  • a plurality of the elastic vibration isolation components and a plurality of the damping buffer components are fixed to the furniture and electrical equipment in the building.
  • the roof greening and wind-proof and shock-absorbing device provided by the embodiment of the present application, by planting or accommodating green plants in its container, thus first realizes the greening of the roof of the building, Added greenery.
  • the container container is equipped with several elastic isolation components and damping buffer components, when the building is affected by strong winds, seismic waves (seismic transverse waves, seismic longitudinal waves, and surface waves), the container is inertial. Under the action of relative movement with the building, a number of elastic isolation components and damping and buffering components absorb and consume the energy transmitted to the building by wind, seismic transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves, which significantly reduces the tilting of the building. The amplitude allows the above-ground part of the building to remain relatively stable relative to its foundation.
  • the soil, water, and plants in the container contain a mass of inertia.
  • the inertial body, the elastic vibration isolation component and the damping buffer component are configured with reasonable performance parameters.
  • a system is constructed and installed on the building. Under the action of earthquake and wind, it can perform vibration isolation, passive energy dissipation, or tuning. Shock absorbing effect, enhance the seismic and windproof ability of the building.
  • the traditional roof greening device will increase the bearing weight of the building and increase the danger of the building.
  • the roof greening and wind-proof vibration damping device of the present application realizes the in-depth expansion of the traditional roof greening function, although with the increase of the total mass of the inertial body, the elastic isolation component and the damping buffer component, the load on the building will Correspondingly increased, but a system composed of an inertial body, an elastic isolation component and a damping buffer component will achieve better wind and seismic effects.
  • the total mass of the inertial body, elastic isolation component and damping buffer component will be better.
  • the positive effects (increasing the safety of the building) of the increase of the increase are far greater than the negative effects (increasing the danger of the building).
  • the beneficial effect of the building provided by the embodiment of the present application is that the building provided by the embodiment of the present application has a plurality of the above-mentioned roof greening and wind-proof and shock-absorbing devices installed on the roof.
  • the roof greening and wind-proof and vibration-suppressing device can effectively restrain the impact of seismic transverse waves and high wind swings on the above-ground part of the building, significantly reduce the swing amplitude of the building, and effectively reduce the seismic transverse waves, surface waves, and longitudinal waves and strong winds on the building.
  • the damage of the building improves the ability of the building to survive and remain intact during earthquakes and winds.
  • the building not only has good wind and earthquake resistance, but also has the advantages of beautifying the city, regulating the air, and reducing the urban heat island effect. Many advantages of friendliness.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an inertial body, a damping buffer component, and an elastic isolation component of a roof greening and windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a first schematic structural diagram of a buffer device and a planting container of a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a planting container for terrestrial plants in a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a planting container containing aquatic plants in a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a second structural schematic diagram of a buffer device and a planting container of a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-type vibration absorbing structure of a building, a roof greening, and a wind-proof and vibration-damping device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a universal moving component and a buffer device of a roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation,” “connected,” “connected,” and “fixed” should be broadly understood unless otherwise specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed connections or removable connections. , Or integrated; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction between the two elements.
  • installation should be broadly understood unless otherwise specified and limited. For example, they can be fixed connections or removable connections. , Or integrated; it can be mechanical or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of the two elements or the interaction between the two elements.
  • the roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a container for holding plants 11 and a buffer device 20 for windproof and vibration suppression.
  • An elastic isolation component 21 for mounting on the outside roof platform 31 and a plurality of damping and cushioning components 22 for mounting on the outside roof wall.
  • Each of the elastic isolation components 21 is fixed on the planting container 11, and each of the damping buffer components 22 is fixed on the planting container 11.
  • the letter identifications k 1 to k 8 each indicate the elastic vibration isolation component 21, and the letter identifications C 1 to C 8 each indicate the damping buffer component 22.
  • the roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device provided in the embodiment of the present application, by planting or accommodating a greening plant 15 in the container 11, the greening of the roof of the building 30 is realized first, and the greenness of the building 30 is added. meaning.
  • the container container 11 is equipped with a number of elastic isolation components 21 and damping buffer components 22, when the building 30 is affected by strong winds, seismic waves (seismic shear waves, seismic longitudinal waves, and seismic surface waves) and sway, the container The inertial body 10 of the planting container moves relative to the building 30 under the effect of inertia. Under the dual effects of the damping buffer component 22 and the elastic isolation component 21, it can absorb and consume the wind, seismic transverse wave, longitudinal wave, and surface wave transmission.
  • the energy given to the building thus significantly reduces the tilting amplitude of the building 30, so that the above-ground portion of the building 30 can remain relatively stable with respect to its portion 40 of the foundation.
  • the soil 12, water 14, plants, etc. in the container 11 together constitute an inertial body 10 with a certain mass.
  • the inertial body 10 and the elastic isolation component 21 and the damping buffer component 22 are reasonably configured with reasonable performance parameters to prevent resonance, and constitute a system installed on the building 30.
  • When an earthquake occurs or the wind strikes In addition, it can not only play the role of vibration isolation, passive energy dissipation or tuned vibration reduction, but also enhance the seismic and windproof capabilities of the building 30.
  • the traditional roof greening device will increase the bearing weight of the building and increase the danger of the building.
  • the roof greening and wind-proof vibration damping device of the present application realizes the in-depth expansion of the traditional roof greening function, although with the increase of the total mass of the inertial body, the elastic isolation component and the damping buffer component, the load on the building will be increased. Correspondingly increased, but a system composed of an inertial body, an elastic isolation component and a damping buffer component will achieve better wind and seismic effects. The total mass of the inertial body, elastic isolation component and damping buffer component will be better.
  • the positive effects (increasing the safety of the building) of the increase of the increase are far greater than the negative effects (increasing the danger of the building).
  • the planting container 11 can also be stably placed on the roof, preventing the planting container 11 from being blown away or shaken by the strong wind or seismic wave.
  • the roof greening and wind-proof and shock-absorbing device achieved by the embodiments of the present application achieves the in-depth expansion of the traditional roof greening function.
  • each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 is a metal elastic vibration isolation component (the specific structural diagram is not shown, and it is only shown in a schematic diagram); or, each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 is rubber or plastic internal elastic Isolation components (not shown); or each of the elastic isolation components 21 is an air spring isolation component (not shown); or each of the elastic isolation components 21 is a magnetic spring isolation component (not shown); or, Each of the elastic isolation components 21 is a composite elastic isolation component (not shown); or, each of the elastic isolation components 21 is a composite elastic isolation component (not shown).
  • the elastic vibration isolation component 21 may be a combination of one or more of the above-mentioned elastic components, and the above-mentioned elastic components can achieve elastic shock absorption and buffering in two directions, such as rubber and plastic.
  • the internal elastic isolation component can realize elastic shock absorption and buffering in a three-dimensional space in a vertical direction and a horizontal plane through its elastic deformation.
  • the principle of elastic buffering of the other elastic components described above will not be repeated here. Since the manufacturing cost of the above-mentioned elastic components is relatively low, the manufacturing cost of the roof greening, windproof and vibration damping device provided by the embodiment of the present application is also low.
  • each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 may also be a dry friction damping shock absorber (not shown);
  • the dry friction damping shock absorber includes an elastic member and a friction pair assembly, and two ends of the elastic member are respectively installed in the container.
  • the lower end of 11 and the roof platform 31, the opposite ends of the friction subassembly are also respectively installed on the lower end of the container container 11 and the roof platform 31, and the axial direction of the elastic member and the friction subassembly is kept parallel.
  • the joint action of the elastic member and the friction pair assembly can not only achieve the friction damping function of each of the elastic isolation components 21, but also can play a function of longitudinal vibration isolation between the container 11 and the main body of the building 30.
  • Each of the elastic vibration isolating components 21 may also be a liquid damping shock absorber; the liquid damping shock absorber includes an elastic member and a hydraulic component, and both ends of the elastic member are respectively installed on the lower end of the container container 11 and the roof platform 31. The opposite ends are also respectively installed on the lower end of the container 11 and the roof platform 31, and the axial direction of the elastic member and the hydraulic component is kept parallel. In this way, due to the advantages of lower manufacturing costs and simple maintenance of liquid damping shock absorbers, this also reduces the overall construction cost of roof greening and windproof and vibration damping devices.
  • Each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 may also be an air damping shock absorber.
  • each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 may also be selected as a rubber damping shock absorber or the like.
  • each damping buffer component is a viscous liquid energy-consuming damper (not shown); or each damping buffer component is a metal energy-consuming damper (not shown); or each damping buffer component All are viscoelastic energy dissipative dampers (not shown); or, each damping buffer component is an internal friction energy dissipating damper (not shown); or, each damping buffer component is a magneto-fluid variable energy dissipation damper (Not shown in the figure); or each damping and buffering component is the above two or more energy dissipating dampers (not shown in the figure).
  • each damping buffer component to one or more of the above-mentioned damping components, when the shear wave and surface wave generated by strong wind or earthquake comes, the above-mentioned damping component can pass through the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the composite elastic deformation is used to cushion the effects of strong winds and seismic shear waves.
  • each elastic isolation component 21 is connected to the lower end of the container container 11.
  • the inertial body 10 moves relative to the building 30 under the action of inertia, and several elastic isolation components 21 and damping buffer components 22 Absorbs and consumes the energy of buildings 30 facing seismic longitudinal waves, seismic transverse waves, seismic surface waves, and strong winds, thereby improving the building's ability to resist vertical and horizontal composite effects.
  • the buffer end of each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21 can be installed on the lower end surface of the container receiving container 11 or on the side wall of the lower end of the container receiving container 11, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • each cushioning device is an ordinary rubber isolation support that integrates an elastic isolation function and a damping cushioning function; or each cushioning device is a high-damping rubber isolation support
  • each buffer device is a lead-core rubber isolation support; or each buffer device is the above two or more composite rubber isolation supports.
  • each elastic vibration isolation component is connected to the plant container; each damping buffer component is connected to the plant container.
  • each elastic vibration isolation component and each damping buffer component are connected in a paired space with the planting container to realize absorbing and consuming energy of the building.
  • Each damping buffer component and each elastic isolation component can be uniformly divergently connected to the outer side wall of the container container as the center of the container container to ensure that each damping buffer component and each elastic isolation component can absorb and consume from The energy transmitted to the building 30 by seismic waves and strong wind in all directions of the horizontal plane.
  • a container for holding soil 12, fertilizer 13, water 14, and plants is provided in the container 11, and the soil 12, fertilizer 13, The water 14, the plants, and the container 11 collectively constitute an inertial body 10.
  • the plant may be a terrestrial plant 15 or an aquatic plant 16.
  • the branches and leaves of the terrestrial plant 15 may damp the tilting of the building under the action of earthquake waves or strong winds.
  • the bottom of the container 11 is filled with soil 12, and the soil 12 is filled with water 14.
  • the roots of the plant 16 grow in the soil 12, and the stems and leaves of the aquatic plant 16 grow in the water 14, so that the stable accommodation of the aquatic plant 16 in the container 11 is achieved.
  • the water container 14 contains water 14, so that when the building 30 is subjected to horizontal forces such as strong wind, seismic transverse waves and seismic surface waves, the water 14 contained in the container 11 is because the water 14 Due to the dual characteristics of inertia and fluidity, the container container 11 and the water 14 flow relative to each other and grow in the water 14.
  • the stems, leaves of the aquatic plants 16 and the water 14 have a viscous damping effect, thereby inhibiting the tilting of the building 30. Amplitude.
  • the inertial body 10 composed of the water 14, the soil 12 and the aquatic plants 16 in the container 11 is moved relative to the building 30 under the action of inertia and cooperates with the elastic isolation component 21 and the damping cushion component of the buffer device 20. 22 Achieve double buffering, suppress and absorb the energy transmitted to the building 30 by seismic waves and / or strong wind, and reduce and suppress the tilting amplitude of the building 30.
  • each of the elastic vibration isolation components 21, each of the damping buffer components 22 and the inertial body 10 collectively constitute a windproof and seismic system.
  • each of the elastic isolation components 21, each of the damping buffer components 22, and the inertial body 10 can comprehensively function, and each of the elastic isolation components 21 and each of the damping buffer components 22 is used.
  • the generated damping effect and the inertia effect generated by the inertial body 10 together achieve the suppression of the shaking and vibration amplitude of the building 30, and ensure the safety of the building 30 when facing strong winds and earthquakes.
  • a plurality of types of systems composed of a variety of inertial bodies 10, an elastic isolation component 21 and a damping buffer component 22 are installed on the same building 30 at the same time, and the final result constitutes a double-type vibration absorption system.
  • the buffer device 20 further includes a plurality of universal moving components 17, each of which is installed at the lower end of the container body. Specifically, by installing a plurality of universal moving components 17 on the bottom of the container body, when the container body relatively slides relative to the roof of the building 30 under the effect of inertia, the universal moving component 17 and each elastic vibration isolation component 21 Cooperating with each damping and buffering component 22 can also realize the hedging effect of the container body of the roof greening and wind-proof damping device on the building tilt caused by earthquake transverse waves or strong winds when an earthquake or strong wind comes.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a building 30, and the roof of the building 30 is provided with a plurality of the above-mentioned roof greening, windproof and vibration damping devices.
  • the building 30 of the present application has a plurality of the above-mentioned roof greening and wind-proof vibration damping devices installed on the roof, when the building 30 faces an earthquake or a strong wind, its roof-greening and wind-proof vibration damping devices can effectively restrain The impact of earthquake transverse waves and high wind swing on the above-ground part of the building 30, significantly reducing the amplitude of the swing of the building 30, effectively reducing the damage of the seismic transverse wave to the building 30, and improving the building 30's survival and integrity in the event of earthquakes and high winds ability.
  • the building 30 since there are a plurality of the above-mentioned roof greening and wind-proof and vibration-suppressing devices on the roof of the building 30, the building 30 not only has good wind and earthquake resistance, but also has the advantages of beautifying the city, regulating the air, and reducing the urban heat island effect. And many other environmentally friendly advantages. Further, a lower end of the building 30 may be installed with a shock absorbing and seismic assembly 32 connected to the foundation 40.

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Abstract

一种屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物，屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置包括容植容器（11）和缓冲装置（20），缓冲装置（20）包括弹性隔震组件（21）和阻尼缓冲组件（22）。泥土（12）、水（14）、肥料（13）、植物和容植容器（11）构成惯性体（10）。惯性体（10）与弹性隔震组件（21）和阻尼缓冲组件（22）三者构成一个系统，安装在建筑物上；地震强风侵袭时，惯性体（10）在惯性作用下与建筑物产生相对移动，各弹性隔震组件（21）和各阻尼缓冲组件（22）吸收能量，起到隔振、被动耗能减震或调谐减震作用，增强建筑物的抗震防风能力，实现对传统屋顶绿化功能的拓展。

Description

屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物
本申请要求于2018年09月12日提交中国专利局，申请号为201821493647.2，申请名称为“屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于建筑物绿化、防风和抗震技术领域，尤其涉及一种屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物。
 背景技术
随着人们环保意识的增强和对美好生活的追求，人们将建筑物与绿植相结合。在现代建筑中，通常会注重对建筑物的绿化（习惯称为屋顶绿化），而将建筑物与绿植相结合，能够显著降低城市的热岛效应，有效提升居民的生活环境质量。屋顶绿化能够有效提升城市绿化覆盖，创造空中景观，改善环境质量。
屋顶绿化的重要方式之一是在屋顶建造花池，在花池内种植绿植，形成空中花园。目前，屋顶花池的作用仅仅在于实现屋顶绿化，其功能较为单一，现有技术中也缺乏对其潜在功能性的深度挖掘。
 技术问题
本申请实施例的目的在于：第一方面：提供一种屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，用以解决现有技术中的顶楼花池仅能实现屋顶绿化，功能较为单一的技术问题。
第二方面，提供一种建筑物，用以解决现有技术中的建筑物防风抗震的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述技术问题，本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
第一方面，提供了一种屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，包括用于容植植物的容植容器和用于防风和抑震的缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置包括若干用于安装于外界的屋顶平台上的弹性隔震组件和若干用于安装于外界的屋顶墙壁上的阻尼缓冲组件，各所述弹性隔震组件均固定在容植容器上。
进一步地，所述植物为水生植物，所述泥土位于所述容植容器的底部，所述水位于所述泥土之上，所述水生植物的根生长在所述泥土中，所述水生植物的茎和叶生长在所述水中。
进一步地，各所述弹性隔震组件均为金属弹性隔震组件；
或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为空气弹簧隔离组件；
或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为橡胶、塑胶内弹性隔离组件；
或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为磁性弹簧隔离组件；
或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为复合材料弹性隔离组件；
或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为上述两种或多种复合弹性隔离组件。
进一步地，各所述弹性隔震组件均为干摩擦阻尼减震器。
进一步地，所述干摩擦阻尼减震器包括弹性件和摩擦副组件，所述弹性件的两端和所述摩擦副组件的两端均分别安装于所述容植容器的下端和所述屋顶平台上，且所述弹性件和所述摩擦副组件的轴向方向保持平行。
进一步地，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为黏滞液体耗能阻尼器；
或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为金属耗能阻尼器；
或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为黏弹性耗能阻尼器；
或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为内摩擦耗能阻尼器；
或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为磁流体变阻耗能阻尼器；
或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为上述两种或多种耗能阻尼器。
进一步地，各所述缓冲装置均为融合弹性隔震功能和阻尼缓冲功能为一体的普通橡胶隔震支座；
或者，各所述缓冲装置为高阻尼橡胶隔震支座；
或者，各所述缓冲装置为铅芯橡胶隔震支座；
或者，各所述缓冲装置为上述两种或多种复合橡胶隔震支座。
进一步地，各所述弹性隔震组件与所述的容植容器相连接；各所述阻尼缓冲组件均与所述容植容器的相连接。
进一步地，各所述阻尼缓冲组件和各弹性隔震组件均以所述容植容器的中心为圆心呈均匀发散状连接于所述容植容器的外周侧壁。
进一步地，所述容植容器内开设有用于容置泥土、肥料、水和植物的容腔，所述泥土、所述肥料、所述水、所述植物和所述容植容器共同构成惯性体。
进一步地，各所述弹性隔震组件、各所述阻尼缓冲组件和所述惯性体共同构成防风抗震系统。
进一步地，所述惯性体、所述弹性隔震组件和所述阻尼缓冲组件共同构成复式吸振系统。
进一步地，所述缓冲装置还包括若干万向移动组件，各所述万向移动组件均安装于所述容植容器的下端。
第二方面，提供了一种建筑物，其特征在于：所述建筑物的屋顶安装若干个上述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置。
进一步地，所述建筑物内的家具和电器设备上均固定有若干所述弹性隔震组件和若干所述阻尼缓冲组件。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，通过在其容植容器内种植或容置绿化植物，这样便首先实现了对建筑物的屋顶绿化，为建筑物增添了绿意。而由于容植容器安装有若干弹性隔震组件阻尼缓冲组件，这样当建筑物在受到大风、地震波（地震横波、地震纵波和地震面波）的影响而发生摆动时，使得容植容器在惯性的作用下而与建筑物产生相对移动，若干弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件发挥吸收和消耗大风、地震横波、纵波和面波传递给建筑物的能量，如此便显著减小了建筑物倾摆的幅度，使得建筑物的地上部分能够相对于其地基部分保持相对稳定。同时，容植容器内的泥土、水、植物等共同构成有一定质量的惯性体。惯性体的质量越大，其吸收地震和风的能量越强。惯性体与弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件三者进行合理的性能参数配置，构成的一个系统，安装在建筑物上，在地震和风的作用下，可以起隔振、被动耗能减震或调谐减震作用，增强建筑物的抗震、防风能力。而传统屋顶绿化装置会增加建筑物的承载重量，增加了建筑物的危险性。本申请的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置实现了对传统屋顶绿化功能的深度拓展，尽管随着惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件的总质量的增加，其对建筑物所产生的负载会相应增大，但惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件三者构成的一个系统，其所能够实现的防风和抗震效果会越好，惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件的总质量的增加所产生的正面作用（增强建筑物的安全性）也远大于其产生的负面作用（增强建筑物的危险性）。
本申请实施例提供的建筑物的有益效果在于：本申请实施例提供的建筑物，由于在其屋顶安装有多个上述屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，那么当该建筑物面临地震或大风时，其屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置便能够有效地抑制住地震横波和大风摆动对建筑物地上部分的影响，显著降低建筑物的摆动幅度，有效降低了地震横波、面波和纵波以及强风对建筑物的伤害，提升了建筑物在地震和大风时的生存和保持完好能力。而由于建筑物的屋顶存在有多个上述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，那么建筑物在拥有良好的抗风抗震性能的同时，也兼具有美化城市、调节空气、降低城市热岛效应等环境友好的诸多优点。
 附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的惯性体、阻尼缓冲组件和弹性隔震组件的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的缓冲装置和容植容器的结构示意图一；
图3为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的容置有陆生植物的容植容器的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的容置有水生植物的容植容器的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的缓冲装置和容植容器的结构示意图二；
图6为本申请实施例提供的建筑物及屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的复式吸振结构的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的万向移动组件和缓冲装置的结构示意图。
其中，图中各附图标记：
10—惯性体              11—容植容器           12—泥土
13—肥料                14—水                 15—陆生植物
16—水生植物           17—万向移动组件20—缓冲装置
21—弹性隔震组件22—阻尼缓冲组件       30—建筑物
31—屋顶平台            32—减震抗震组件       40—地基。
 本发明的实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图1~7描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
如图1~3所示，本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，包括用于容植植物的容植容器11和用于防风和抑震的缓冲装置20，缓冲装置20包括若干用于安装于外界的屋顶平台31上的弹性隔震组件21和若干用于安装于外界的屋顶墙壁上的阻尼缓冲组件22。各弹性隔震组件21均固定在容植容器11上，各阻尼缓冲组件22均固定在容植容器11上。其中，字母标识k 1~k 8均表示弹性隔震组件21，字母标识C 1~C 8均表示阻尼缓冲组件22。
本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，通过在其容植容器11内种植或容置绿化植物15，这样便首先实现了对建筑物30的屋顶绿化，为建筑物30增添了绿意。而由于容植容器11安装有若干弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22，这样当建筑物30在受到大风、地震波（地震横波、地震纵波和地震面波）的影响而发生摆动时，使得容植容器的惯性体10在惯性的作用而与建筑物30产生相对移动，在阻尼缓冲组件22和弹性隔震组件21的双重作用下，其能够吸收和消耗大风、地震横波、纵波和面波传递给建筑物的能量，如此便显著减小了建筑物30倾摆的幅度，使得建筑物30的地上部分能够相对于其地基40部分保持相对稳定。惯性体10的质量越大，其吸收地震和风的能量越强。同时，容植容器11内的泥土12、水14、植物等共同构成有一定质量的惯性体10。惯性体10与弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22三者进行合理的性能参数合理配置以防共振产生，构成的一个系统，安装在建筑物30上，当地震发生时或在风的袭击作用下，不仅可以起到隔振、被动耗能减震或调谐减震作用，增强建筑物30的抗震、防风能力。而传统屋顶绿化装置会增加建筑物的承载重量，增加了建筑物的危险性。本申请的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置实现了对传统屋顶绿化功能的深度拓展，尽管随着惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件的总质量的增加，其对建筑物所产生的负载会相应增大，但惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件三者构成的一个系统，其所能够实现的防风和抗震效果会越好，惯性体、弹性隔震组件和阻尼缓冲组件的总质量的增加所产生的正面作用（增强建筑物的安全性）也远大于其产生的负面作用（增强建筑物的危险性）。同时，在阻尼缓冲组件22和弹性隔震组件21的支撑下，容植容器11也能够被稳定地放设于屋顶上，避免了容植容器11在强风或地震波的作用下被吹离或震离屋顶，这样便实现了对容植容器11和容植容器11内的绿色植物的有效保护，防止其脱离建筑物30屋顶后落下砸伤路人。如此，本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置实现了对传统屋顶绿化功能的深度拓展。
在一个实施方式中，各弹性隔震组件21均为金属弹性隔震组件（具体结构图未示，只作原理性简图表示）；或者，各弹性隔震组件21均为橡胶、塑胶内弹性隔离组件（图未示）；或者，各弹性隔震组件21均为空气弹簧隔离组件（图未示）；或者，各弹性隔震组件21均为磁性弹簧隔离组件（图未示）；或者，各弹性隔震组件21均为复合材料弹性隔离组件（图未示）；或者，各弹性隔震组件21均为上述两种或多种复合弹性隔离组件（图未示）。具体地，弹性隔震组件21可为上述的一种或多种弹性组件组合而成，而上述的弹性组件均能够实现垂直方向和水平方向两个方向上的弹性减震缓冲，比如橡胶、塑胶内弹性隔离组件即可通过其弹性变形而实现垂直方向和水平面的三维空间的弹性减震缓冲，其余上述弹性组件的弹性缓冲原理此处不再做赘述。由于上述弹性组件制造成本多较为低廉，这样便使得本申请实施例提供的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的制造成本也较低。
而当强风或地震所产生的纵波、横波和面波来临时，上述的弹性组件便能够通过发生垂直方向和水平方向上的复合弹性变形来缓冲地震纵波、强风和地震横波所产生的影响。
可选地，各弹性隔震组件21还可为干摩擦阻尼减震器（图未示）；干摩擦阻尼减震器包括弹性件和摩擦副组件，弹性件的两端分别安装于容植容器11的下端和屋顶平台31上，摩擦副组件的相对两端也分别安装于容植容器11的下端和屋顶平台31上，且弹性件和摩擦副组件的轴向方向保持平行。如此，弹性件和摩擦副组件共同作用既能够实现各弹性隔震组件21的摩擦阻尼功能，进而能够在容植容器11和建筑物30主体之间起到纵向隔震减震的功能。各弹性隔震组件21还可为液体阻尼减震器；液体阻尼减震器包括弹性件和液压组件，弹性件的两端分别安装于容植容器11的下端和屋顶平台31上，液压组件的相对两端也分别安装于容植容器11的下端和屋顶平台31上，且弹性件和液压组件的轴向方向保持平行。如此，得益于液体阻尼减震器制造成本较低，维护简单的优势，这样也降低了屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的整体建造成本。各弹性隔震组件21还可为空气阻尼减震器。那么得益于空气阻尼减震器的隔振效率很高、体积小巧易于安装的特点，其能够适用于装配空间较小的安装工位，同时也能够显著地提升屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的隔震能力。当然，根据实际情况，各弹性隔震组件21亦可选择为橡胶阻尼减震器等。
在一个实施方式中，各阻尼缓冲组件均为黏滞液体耗能阻尼器（图未示）；或者，各阻尼缓冲组件均为金属耗能阻尼器（图未示）；或者，各阻尼缓冲组件均为黏弹性耗能阻尼器（图未示）；或者，各阻尼缓冲组件均为内摩擦耗能阻尼器（图未示）；或者，各阻尼缓冲组件均为磁流体变阻耗能阻尼器（图未示）；或者，各阻尼缓冲组件均为上述两种或多种耗能阻尼器（图未示）。具体地，通过将各阻尼缓冲组件限定为上述一种或多种减震组件，那么当强风或地震所产生的横波和面波来临时，上述的减震组件便能够通过发生垂直方向和水平方向上的复合弹性变形来缓冲强风和地震横波所产生的影响。
在一个实施方式中，如图3~5所示，各弹性隔震组件21的缓冲端与容植容器11的下端相连接。具体地，当建筑物30面临着地震纵波、地震横波和地震面波以及强风的侵袭时，惯性体10在惯性作用下而与建筑物30产生相对移动，若干弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22吸收、消耗建筑物30面对地震纵波、地震横波、地震面波以及强风的能量，从而提升建筑物垂直和水平复合作用的抵御能力。同时，各弹性隔震组件21的缓冲端可安装于容植容器11的下端面上，亦可安装于容植容器11下端的侧壁上，本实施例对此不做限定。
在一个实施方式中，如图1~3所示，各缓冲装置均为融合弹性隔震功能和阻尼缓冲功能为一体的普通橡胶隔震支座；或者，各缓冲装置为高阻尼橡胶隔震支座；或者，各缓冲装置为铅芯橡胶隔震支座；或者，各缓冲装置为上述两种或多种复合橡胶隔震支座。具体地，通过将缓冲装置设置为上述兼具有弹性隔震和阻尼缓冲功能橡胶质隔震支座，这样上述的橡胶质隔震支座便实现了弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22的双重吸收和消耗能量的功能。
在一个实施方式中，如图1~3所示，各弹性隔震组件与的容植容器相连接；各阻尼缓冲组件均与容植容器相连接。具体地，各弹性隔震组件与各阻尼缓冲组件成对间隔与容植容器相连接，以实现吸收和消耗建筑物的能量。各阻尼缓冲组件和各弹性隔震组件便可以容植容器的中心为圆心呈均匀发散状连接于容植容器的外周侧壁，以保证各阻尼缓冲组件和各弹性隔震组件能够吸收和消耗来自水平面的各个方向的地震波和强风传递至建筑物30的能量。
在一个实施方式中，如图3和图4所示，容植容器11内开设有用于容置泥土12、肥料13、水14和植物的容腔（图未示），泥土12、肥料13、水14、植物和容植容器11共同构成惯性体10。具体地，植物可以为陆生植物15或是水生植物16，当植物为陆生植物15时，陆生植物15的枝叶可在地震波或强风的作用下对建筑物的倾摆起到阻尼作用。
如图3所示，而当容植容器11内种植或容置有水生植物16（比如睡莲等）时，容植容器11的底部盛有泥土12，而泥土12之上盛满水14，水生植物16的根生长在泥土12中，而水生植物16的茎和叶生长在水14中，这样便实现了水生植物16在容植容器11内的稳定容置。同时，由于容植容器11内盛有水14，这样当建筑物30在承受强风、地震横波和地震面波等水平方向的作用力时，容植容器11内盛有的水14，因为水14的惯性和流动性双重特性的作用，容植容器11与水14发生相对流动，生长在水14中，水生植物16的茎、叶与水14发生粘性阻尼作用，从而抑制建筑物30的倾摆幅度。
如此，容植容器11内的水14、泥土12以及水生植物16共同构成的惯性体10在惯性的作用下相对于建筑物30产生移动并协同缓冲装置20的弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22实现双重缓冲抑震、吸收和消耗地震波和/或强风传递给建筑物30的能量，降低和抑制建筑物30的倾摆幅度。
在一个实施方式中，如图3、图4和图5所示，各弹性隔震组件21、各阻尼缓冲组件22和惯性体10共同构成防风抗震系统。具体地，当建筑物30在面临强风、地震波的作用时，各弹性隔震组件21、各阻尼缓冲组件22和惯性体10便能够综合作用，利用各弹性隔震组件21和各阻尼缓冲组件22所产生的缓冲阻尼效应和惯性体10本身所产生的惯性作用而共同实现对建筑物30晃动和振动幅度的抑制，保障了建筑物30在面对强风和地震时的安全性。
如图6所示，多种惯性体10、弹性隔震组件21和阻尼缓冲组件22三者构成的多种类型的系统，同时安装在同一建筑物30上，最终结果构成复式吸振系统。通过上述各种类型的系统共振频率进行合理分布、优化设计，将会获得更宽频带的吸振效果，更好保护建筑物30。
在一个实施方式中，如图7所示，缓冲装置20还包括若干万向移动组件17，各万向移动组件17均安装于容器本体的下端。具体地，通过在容器本体的底部安装若干万向移动组件17，那么容器本体在惯性的作用下相对于建筑物30的屋顶发生相对滑动时，这样万向移动组件17与各弹性隔震组件21和各阻尼缓冲组件22相互配合便同样能够实现在地震或强风来临时，屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置的容器本体对地震横波或强风引发的建筑倾摆的对冲作用。
本申请实施例还提供了一种建筑物30，建筑物30的屋顶安装有若干个上述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置。
本申请的建筑物30，由于在其屋顶安装有多个上述屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，那么当该建筑物30面临地震或大风时，其屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置便能够有效地抑制住地震横波和大风摆动对建筑物30地上部分的影响，显著降低建筑物30的摆动幅度，有效降低了地震横波对建筑物30的伤害，提升了建筑物30在地震和大风时的生存和保持完好能力。而由于建筑物30的屋顶存在有多个上述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，那么建筑物30在拥有良好的抗风抗震性能的同时，也兼具有美化城市、调节空气、降低城市热岛效应等环境友好的诸多优点。进一步地，建筑物30的下端可安装有与地基40相连接的减震抗震组件32。
依据本申请的精神和原则，可以用于建筑物30内的家具、电器设备等装备上固定若干弹性隔震组件和若干阻尼缓冲组件，扩展家具、电气设备等装备对建筑物30的减震抗震功能。
以上仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：包括用于容植植物的容植容器和用于防风和抑震的缓冲装置，所述缓冲装置包括若干用于安装于外界的屋顶平台上的弹性隔震组件和若干用于安装于外界的屋顶墙壁上的阻尼缓冲组件，各所述弹性隔震组件均固定在容植容器上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：所述植物为水生植物，所述泥土位于所述容植容器的底部，所述水位于所述泥土之上，所述水生植物的根生长在所述泥土中，所述水生植物的茎和叶生长在所述水中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述弹性隔震组件均为金属弹性隔震组件；
    或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为空气弹簧隔离组件；
    或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为橡胶、塑胶内弹性隔离组件；
    或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为磁性弹簧隔离组件；
    或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为复合材料弹性隔离组件；
    或者，各所述弹性隔震组件均为上述两种或多种复合弹性隔离组件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述弹性隔震组件均为干摩擦阻尼减震器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：所述干摩擦阻尼减震器包括弹性件和摩擦副组件，所述弹性件的两端和所述摩擦副组件的两端均分别安装于所述容植容器的下端和所述屋顶平台上，且所述弹性件和所述摩擦副组件的轴向方向保持平行。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为黏滞液体耗能阻尼器；
    或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为金属耗能阻尼器；
    或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为黏弹性耗能阻尼器；
    或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为内摩擦耗能阻尼器；
    或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为磁流体变阻耗能阻尼器；
    或者，各所述阻尼缓冲组件均为上述两种或多种耗能阻尼器。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述缓冲装置均为融合弹性隔震功能和阻尼缓冲功能为一体的普通橡胶隔震支座；
    或者，各所述缓冲装置为高阻尼橡胶隔震支座；
    或者，各所述缓冲装置为铅芯橡胶隔震支座；
    或者，各所述缓冲装置为上述两种或多种复合橡胶隔震支座。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述弹性隔震组件与所述的容植容器相连接；各所述阻尼缓冲组件均与所述容植容器的相连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述阻尼缓冲组件和各弹性隔震组件均以所述容植容器的中心为圆心呈均匀发散状连接于所述容植容器的外周侧壁。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：所述容植容器内开设有用于容置泥土、肥料、水和植物的容腔，所述泥土、所述肥料、所述水、所述植物和所述容植容器共同构成惯性体。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：各所述弹性隔震组件、各所述阻尼缓冲组件和所述惯性体共同构成防风抗震系统。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：所述惯性体、所述弹性隔震组件和所述阻尼缓冲组件共同构成复式吸振系统。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置，其特征在于：所述缓冲装置还包括若干万向移动组件，各所述万向移动组件均安装于所述容植容器的下端。
  14. 一种建筑物，其特征在于：所述建筑物的屋顶安装若干个权利要求1所述的屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的建筑物，其特征在于：所述建筑物内的家具和电器设备上均固定有若干所述弹性隔震组件和若干所述阻尼缓冲组件。
PCT/CN2019/099881 2018-09-12 2019-08-09 屋顶绿化、防风抑震装置及建筑物 WO2020052386A1 (zh)

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