WO2020042363A1 - 多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统 - Google Patents

多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020042363A1
WO2020042363A1 PCT/CN2018/114520 CN2018114520W WO2020042363A1 WO 2020042363 A1 WO2020042363 A1 WO 2020042363A1 CN 2018114520 W CN2018114520 W CN 2018114520W WO 2020042363 A1 WO2020042363 A1 WO 2020042363A1
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Prior art keywords
array
antenna
receiving
security inspection
transmitting
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑小平
赵自然
于洋
乔灵博
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of security inspection, and in particular, to a multiple-receiving and multiple-receiving antenna array for terahertz near-field imaging, a multiple-receiving and multiple-receiving array antenna and a security inspection system.
  • Terahertz imaging technology is a technology that uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves with a frequency band of 0.1THz-10THz. Compared with traditional X-ray imaging technology, infrared imaging technology, and microwave imaging technology, terahertz imaging has good security, The advantages of strong penetrability, high image quality, and certain substance recognition capabilities have attracted more and more attention.
  • Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) imaging radar is a radar that uses multiple combinations of transmit and receive antenna units to generate images with a small number of antennas. It has low cost and complexity. , Fast data acquisition rate and so on.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • the terahertz imaging technology based on multi-receiving and multi-receiving imaging combines the advantages of terahertz imaging and multi-receiving imaging radar. It has important application value in the fields of human security, medical diagnosis, military reconnaissance, etc.
  • the security field has natural advantages.
  • array design is a very critical issue in imaging systems, and it has a direct or indirect impact on imaging quality, parameter estimation, and target detection.
  • a reasonable array arrangement can not only obtain good imaging quality, but also reduce the number of array elements and simplify the complexity of the system.
  • the equivalent phase center principle cannot ignore the approximate error, and with the increase of the signal frequency, to the terahertz frequency band, the phase error caused by the delay error will further increase. Therefore, the linear MIMO antenna array currently designed based on the principle of equivalent phase center has serious side-bar artifacts in near-field imaging, which affects the imaging quality.
  • the present application discloses a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO antenna, and a security inspection system for terahertz near-field imaging with smaller side-gate artifacts.
  • the present application provides a multiple-receiving multiple antenna array, including a receiving antenna sub-array and a plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays.
  • the plurality of transmitting antenna subarrays are disposed at both ends of the receiving antenna subarray, and the receiving antenna subarray and the plurality of transmitting antenna subarrays are disposed on a same arc.
  • the receiving antenna sub-array includes a plurality of receiving antennas, and the plurality of receiving antennas are disposed on a same arc, and the spacing between adjacent receiving antennas is equal.
  • each of the transmit antenna sub-arrays includes a plurality of transmit antennas.
  • the plurality of transmitting antennas are disposed at both ends of the plurality of receiving antennas, and an interval between adjacent transmitting antennas is equal, and the plurality of transmitting antennas and the plurality of receiving antennas are disposed in a same circle. On the arc.
  • the arc length between the plurality of receiving antennas and the equivalent array antenna formed by the plurality of transmitting antennas is less than or equal to one-half the center wavelength.
  • the MIMO antenna array includes two transmission antenna sub-arrays, and the two transmission antenna sub-arrays are disposed at two ends of the reception antenna sub-array.
  • each of the transmitting antenna sub-arrays includes 5 transmitting antennas.
  • the receiving antenna sub-array includes 20 receiving antennas, and five of the receiving antennas are respectively provided at both ends of the receiving antennas.
  • the operating frequency band of the receiving antenna sub-array is at least partially the same as the operating frequency band of the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays.
  • a MIMO antenna includes a transceiver, an electronic switch, and a MIMO antenna array.
  • the transceiver is electrically connected to the MIMO antenna array, and the transceiver is configured to generate a transmission.
  • the electronic switch is configured to switch the plurality of transmitting antennas and the plurality of receiving antennas.
  • the transceiver is a millimeter wave transceiver.
  • the transceiver is a terahertz transceiver.
  • a security inspection system includes a plurality of security inspection modules.
  • Each of the security inspection modules includes at least one MIMO antenna.
  • the security inspection system further includes a processing module, which is electrically connected to the output ends of the plurality of security inspection modules and is configured to process data detected by the plurality of security inspection modules.
  • each of the security check modules includes a circular arc structure, and at least one of the multiple-receiving multiple-array antennas is nested in the circular arc structure.
  • the multiple-receiving multiple-array antenna is slidably connected to the arc structure, so as to realize up-and-down scanning of the detection object.
  • the security inspection system includes two of the security inspection modules, the two security inspection modules are oppositely disposed, and a detection object is disposed between the two security inspection modules.
  • the multiple-receiving multiple-array antenna uses a linear array.
  • the multiple-transmission multiple-array antenna uses a surface array array.
  • the multiple-receive multiple-array antenna is a cylindrical array antenna.
  • the MIMO array antenna is a circular-arc array antenna.
  • the application provides a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO array antenna, and a security inspection system for terahertz near-field imaging.
  • the plurality of transmitting antennas transmit a detection signal based on a transmitted signal.
  • the receiving antenna receives a reflected signal and feeds the reflected signal back to transceiver.
  • the receiving antenna and the plurality of transmitting antennas are arranged on the same arc, and are evenly distributed.
  • the receiving antenna and the plurality of transmitting antennas are disposed on the same arc, so that the distance between the receiving antenna and the plurality of transmitting antennas to the center of the circle is equal.
  • any combination of a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna can be replaced by a co-located antenna located at the center of the two. Only in the far field condition can the principle of equivalent phase center be established, and the approximate error cannot be ignored in the near field condition. And with the increase of signal frequency, to the terahertz frequency band, the phase error caused by the delay error will further increase.
  • the MIMO antenna array utilizes the characteristic that the distance from any point on the circle to the center of the circle is equal.
  • the method of designing a linear MIMO antenna array based on the principle of equivalent phase center is modified to solve the existing linear shape based on the principle of equivalent phase center. MIMO arrays suffer from serious side-bar artifacts in near-field imaging, which improves imaging quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a MIMO antenna array provided by this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission antenna and a receiving antenna provided by the present application forming an equivalent single-receiving single-emitting antenna;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear MIMO antenna array and an equivalent single-receive-single-transmit array
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment provided by this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent array structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment provided by this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a point spread function of a MIMO antenna array and an equivalent array structure of the MIMO antenna array and an equivalent array of the MIMO antenna array in an embodiment provided by the present application at 330 GHz to 350 GHz;
  • FIG. 9 is a point spread function of a MIMO antenna array and a linear MIMO array at 330 GHz to 350 GHz according to an embodiment provided by this application;
  • 10 is a simulation parameter of a MIMO antenna array and a linear MIMO array in a millimeter wave band according to an embodiment provided by the present application;
  • FIG. 11 is a point spread function of a MIMO antenna array and a linear MIMO array in a range of 25 GHz to 35 GHz in an embodiment provided by this application;
  • FIG. 12 is a point spread function of a MIMO antenna array and a linear MIMO array at 120 GHz to 150 GHz in an embodiment provided by this application;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a security inspection system provided by the present application.
  • the present application provides a MIMO antenna array (MIMO antenna array) 10 including a receiving antenna sub-array 110 and a plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120.
  • the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are disposed at both ends of the receiving antenna sub-array 110, and the receiving antenna sub-array 110 and the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are disposed on the same arc.
  • the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 transmit detection signals based on the transmitted signals, and the receiving antenna sub-array 110 receives the reflected signals and feeds the reflected signals back to the transceiver.
  • the receiving antenna sub-arrays 110 and the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are arranged on the same arc and are evenly distributed.
  • the receiving antenna sub-array 110 and the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are disposed on the same arc, so that the distance between the receiving antenna sub-array 110 and the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 and the center of the circle 130 is equal. .
  • any combination of a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna can be replaced by an antenna that is located at the center of the two and is located at the same position as the transceiver. Only in the far-field condition can the principle of equivalent phase center be established, and the approximation error in the near-field condition cannot be ignored. And with the increase of signal frequency, to the terahertz frequency band, the phase error caused by the delay error will further increase.
  • the MIMO antenna array 10 utilizes the characteristic that the distance from any point on the circle to the center of the circle 130 is equal.
  • the method of designing a linear MIMO antenna array based on the principle of equivalent phase center is modified to solve the existing problems based on the principle of equivalent phase center.
  • the linear MIMO array has serious side-bar artifacts in near-field imaging, which improves the imaging quality.
  • the receiving antenna sub-array 110 includes a plurality of receiving antennas 111, and the plurality of receiving antennas 111 are disposed on a same arc, and the spacing between adjacent receiving antennas 111 is equal.
  • each of the transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 includes a plurality of transmitting antennas 121.
  • the plurality of transmitting antennas 121 are disposed at both ends of the plurality of receiving antennas 111, the distance between adjacent transmitting antennas 121 is equal, and the plurality of transmitting antennas 121 and the plurality of receiving antennas 111 are disposed On the same arc.
  • the arc distance between the adjacent receiving antenna 111, the adjacent transmitting antenna 121, and the adjacent receiving antenna 111 and the transmitting antenna 121 needs to satisfy
  • the arc length between the equivalent array antennas formed by the plurality of transmitting antennas 121 is less than or equal to one-half the center wavelength ⁇ c.
  • the center wavelength ⁇ c is a wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the emitted broadband electromagnetic wave.
  • any combination of a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna can be replaced by a co-located antenna located at both centers.
  • the method of designing a linear MIMO antenna array based on the principle of equivalent phase center is modified by using the characteristic that the distance from any point on the circle to the center 130 is equal.
  • the combination of the transmitting antenna 121 at (r, ⁇ T ) and the receiving antenna 111 at (r, ⁇ R ) in the polar coordinate system can be located at (r, ( ⁇ T + ⁇ R ) / 2)
  • the corresponding MIMO array can be obtained by designing a circular arc equivalent single-received-single-shot antenna array that meets the imaging requirements.
  • the equivalent single-received-single-shot antenna array has a similar side-grid level in the near field.
  • the correction is made to solve the problem that the existing linear MIMO array based on the principle of equivalent phase center has serious side-bar artifacts in near-field imaging, and improves the imaging quality.
  • the MIMO antenna array 10 includes two transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120.
  • the two transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are disposed at two ends of the receiving antenna sub-array 110.
  • each of the transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 includes five transmitting antennas 121, and the receiving antenna sub-array 110 includes 20 receiving antennas 111.
  • the two transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 are respectively disposed at both ends of the receiving antenna sub-array 110, and each of the transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120 includes five transmitting antennas 121, and the receiving antenna sub-array 110 includes 20 receiving antennas 111. That is, five of the transmitting antennas 121 are disposed at one end of the 20 receiving antennas 111, and five of the transmitting antennas 121 are disposed at the other end of the 20 receiving antennas 111.
  • the radiation source is selected in the terahertz band.
  • a linear MIMO array designed based on the principle of equivalent phase and the MIMO antenna array 10 were simulated and tested. Two types of MIMO arrays with ten transmissions and twenty receptions were used at the same time.
  • a ten-to-twenty-receive MIMO array refers to ten of the transmitting antennas 121 and 20 of the receiving antennas 111, and every five of the transmitting antennas 121 are respectively disposed at two ends of the 20 of the receiving antennas 111.
  • FIG. 6 shows the MIMO antenna array with ten transmitters and its equivalent array structure
  • FIG. 7 shows the simulation parameters of the MIMO antenna array with ten transmitters and its equivalent in the terahertz band.
  • FIG. 8 is a point spread function of a MIMO antenna array of ten transmissions and twenty receptions and an equivalent array structure of the MIMO antenna array and its equivalent array at 330 GHz to 350 GHz.
  • the azimuth sampling range d is (-8 ⁇ c , 8 ⁇ c ), and ⁇ c is the center wavelength.
  • the simulation results shown in FIG. 8 show that in near-field imaging with an imaging distance of 0.1 m, the point spread function (PSF) of the MIMO antenna array 10 and its equivalent array described in the present application almost coincide, and it is verified that Consistency of imaging performance of the MIMO antenna array 10 and its equivalent array under near-field conditions.
  • PSF point spread function
  • FIG. 9 is a point spread function of a ten-round, twenty-receive MIMO antenna array and a linear MIMO array at 330 GHz to 350 GHz. It can be seen from FIG. 9 that under near-field conditions, the side-grid level of the MIMO antenna array 10 provided in the present application is significantly lower than that of a linear MIMO array designed based on the principle of equivalent phase.
  • the parameter settings are as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the MIMO antenna array 10 and the linear MIMO antenna array described in this application are simulated in the millimeter wave bands of 25GHz-35GHz and 120GHz-150GHz. test.
  • the side gate level of the MIMO antenna array 10 described in the present application is also significantly lower than a linear MIMO array designed based on the equivalent phase principle. Therefore, the MIMO antenna array 10 described in the present application is effective in the millimeter wave band, and can also be applied to other electromagnetic wave bands.
  • the operating frequency band of the receiving antenna sub-array 110 is at least partially the same as the operating frequency band of the plurality of transmitting antenna sub-arrays 120.
  • a MIMO array antenna (MIMO array antenna) 20 includes a transceiver, an electronic switch, and the MIMO antenna array 10 according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the transceiver and the MIMO antenna array 10 Electrically connected, the transceiver is used to generate a transmission signal, and the electronic switch is used to switch between the plurality of transmitting antennas and the plurality of receiving antennas.
  • the transceiver is used to implement mutual conversion between electromagnetic wave signals and electrical signals.
  • the transceiver may be, for example, a millimeter wave transceiver or a terahertz transceiver according to the frequency of the transmitted signal.
  • the transmitting antenna in the MIMO antenna array 10 transmits a detection signal based on the transmitted signal, and the receiving antenna is used to receive the reflected signal and feed the reflected signal back to the transceiver.
  • a security inspection system 30 includes a plurality of security inspection modules 310 and a processing module 320.
  • Each of the security inspection modules 310 includes at least one MIMO array antenna 20 according to the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing module 320 is electrically connected to the output terminals of the multiple security inspection modules 310 and is configured to process data detected by the multiple security inspection modules 310.
  • Each of the security inspection modules 310 includes at least one MIMO array antenna 20 according to the foregoing embodiment, and is configured to propagate electromagnetic wave signals transmitted by the transceiver to the detection object 40 to implement the detection. Detection and scanning of the object 40.
  • the MIMO array antenna 20 may be a linear array or an area array.
  • the processing module 320 may be various terminal devices having processing and computing functions, such as a server, a tablet personal computer, a desktop computer, a laptop PC, a netbook computer, or a smart phone.
  • the electromagnetic wave emitted by the transmitting antenna 121 in the MIMO array antenna 20 is reflected by the detection object 40 to obtain a reflected signal.
  • the reflected signal is converted into an electrical signal after being received by the receiving antenna 111, and the received and transmitted signals are mixed and demodulated. And then passed to the processing module 320.
  • the processing module 320 can process the scan image of the detection object 40 based on the demodulated data, so as to detect the detection object 40.
  • the security inspection system 30 can be used to perform security inspection on the detection object 40.
  • the number of the security inspection module 310 may be one or more.
  • a plurality of the security inspection modules 310 are disposed around the detection object 40 to detect the detection object 40 from different directions.
  • the terahertz wave has the characteristics of unique fingerprint spectrum, wide frequency band, penetrability, high resolution, and non-hazardous. It can be used for non-destructive testing and security inspection, which improves people's travel safety.
  • the MIMO array antenna 20 can be a cylindrical array antenna, which can scan the detection object 40 in all directions, and obtain the information of the detection object 40 in a wider range.
  • the security inspection system 30 includes two of the security inspection modules 310, and the two security inspection modules 310 are oppositely disposed, and the detection object 40 is disposed between the two security inspection modules 310, Can be used for detection.
  • each of the security inspection modules 310 further includes an arc structure 311, and at least one of the MIMO array antennas 20 is nested in the arc structure 311.
  • the MIMO array antenna 20 may be a circular-arc array antenna, which is installed on the circular-arc structure 311 to form a circular arc with the detection object 40 as a center, so that the detection object 40 can be realized from various directions. Scanning ensures the safety of people travelling.
  • each of the security inspection modules 310 may include a plurality of the MIMO array antennas 20, and the plurality of MIMO array antennas 20 may be fixedly nested in the arc structure 311 to form a surface array array.
  • the multiple MIMO array antennas 20 can realize all-round scanning of the detection object 40 without sliding, which saves the time of detection by the security inspection system 30, improves the efficiency of the security inspection system 30, and facilitates people. Travel.
  • the MIMO array antenna 20 is slidably connected to the arc structure 311 to implement up-and-down scanning of the detection object.
  • the MIMO array antenna 20 can be implemented in the circular arc structure 311. Slide up and down to scan along the height direction, so that the detection object 40 can be scanned in all directions, and the information of the detection object 40 can be obtained to a greater extent, avoiding people carrying dangerous items when traveling, and endangering social safety.
  • the security inspection module 310 further includes a frequency mixing unit and a demodulation unit.
  • the frequency mixing unit is connected to the transceiver, obtains a reference signal based on mixing the transmitted signal and the local oscillator signal, and obtains a measurement signal based on mixing the reflected signal and the local oscillator signal.
  • the eigen signal is generated by the transceiver, and the demodulation unit is used to demodulate a reference signal and a measurement signal to obtain detection data.

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  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请公开一种多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统。接收天线与多个发射天线设置于同一条圆弧上，可以使得所述接收天线与多个所述发射天线到圆心的距离相等。

Description

多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统
相关申请
本申请要求2018年08月30日申请的，申请号为201811004650.8，名称为“多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及安检领域，特别是涉及一种面向太赫兹近场成像的多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统。
背景技术
太赫兹成像技术是利用频率波段为0.1THz-10THz的高频电磁波来成像的技术，相比于传统的X光成像技术、红外成像技术、微波成像技术而言，太赫兹成像具有安全性好、穿透性强、图像质量高以及一定物质识别能力等优势，因此受到了越来越多的关注。多输入多输出(多收多发)(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，MIMO)成像雷达是一种利用收发天线单元的多重组合来实现以较少的天线数目生成图像的雷达，具备成本及复杂程度低，数据获取速率快等特点。而基于多收多发的太赫兹成像技术融合了太赫兹成像和多收多发成像雷达的优点，在人体安检、医疗诊断、军事侦察等领域具有重要的应用价值，尤其是在针对违禁物品检查的人体安检领域有着天然的优势。
其中，阵列设计是成像系统中一个非常关键的问题，它对成像质量、参数估计、目标检测等都有直接或间接的影响。合理的阵列排布不仅能够获得良好的成像质量，而且可以减少阵元数目、简化系统的复杂度。等效相位中心原理在近场条件下，不能忽略近似误差，并且随着信号频率的提高，到太赫兹频段，由时延误差引起的相位误差将进一步加大。因此，目前基于等效相位中心原理设计的直线形MIMO天线阵列在近场成像中存在着严重旁栅伪影的问题，影响了成像质量。
申请内容
有鉴于此，本申请公开一种面向太赫兹近场成像具有较小旁栅伪影的多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统。
本申请提供一种多收多发天线阵列，包括接收天线子阵以及多个发射天线子阵。所述多个发射天线子阵设置于所述接收天线子阵的两端，且所述接收天线子阵与所述多个发射天线子阵设置于同一条圆弧上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述接收天线子阵包括多个接收天线，所述多个接收天线设置于同一条圆弧上，且相邻所述接收天线之间的间距相等。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述发射天线子阵包括多个发射天线。所述多个发射天线，设置于多个所述接收天线的两端，相邻所述发射天线之间的间距相等，且所述多个发射天线与所多个述接收天线设置于同一条圆弧上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多个接收天线与所述多个发射天线形成的等效阵列天线之间的圆弧长度小于等于二分之一中心波长。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发天线阵列包括2个所述发射天线子阵，2个所述发射天线子阵设置于所述接收天线子阵的两端。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述发射天线子阵包括5个发射天线。
在其中一个实施例中，所述接收天线子阵包括20个接收天线，20个所述接收天线的两端分别设置有5个所述发射天线。
在其中一个实施例中，所述接收天线子阵的工作频段与所述多个发射天线子阵的工作频段至少部分相同。
在其中一个实施例中，一种多收多发阵列天线包括收发器、电子开关与多收多发天线阵列，所述收发器与所述多收多发天线阵列电连接，所述收发器设置为产生发射信号，所述电子开关设置为切换所述多个发射天线和所述多个接收天线的开关。
在其中一个实施例中，所述收发器为毫米波收发器。
在其中一个实施例中，所述收发器为太赫兹收发器。
在其中一个实施例中，一种安检系统包括多个安检模块。每个所述安检模块包括至少一个多收多发阵列天线。
在其中一个实施例中，所述安检系统还包括处理模块，所述处理模块与所述多个安检模块的输出端电连接，设置为处理所述多个安检模块检测到数据。
在其中一个实施例中，每个所述安检模块包括圆弧结构，至少一个所述多收多发阵列天线嵌套于所述圆弧结构中。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发阵列天线与所述圆弧结构滑动连接，用以实现对检测物体的上下扫描。
在其中一个实施例中，所述安检系统包括两个所述安检模块，两个所述安检模块相对 设置，且检测物体设置于两个所述安检模块之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发阵列天线采用线阵阵列。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发阵列天线采用面阵阵列。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发阵列天线为柱面形状的阵列天线。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多收多发阵列天线为圆弧形阵列天线。
本申请提供一种面向太赫兹近场成像的MIMO天线阵列、MIMO阵列天线及安检系统，所述多个发射天线基于发射信号发射检测信号，所述接收天线接收反射信号，并将反射信号反馈至收发器。所述接收天线与所述多个发射天线设置于同一条圆弧上，并且均匀分布。所述接收天线与所述多个发射天线设置于同一条圆弧上，可以使得所述接收天线与所述多个发射天线到圆心的距离相等。
依照等效相位中心原理，任意一对发射天线与接收天线的组合都可以用位于两者中心的一个收发同置的天线来代替。只有在远场条件下，等效相位中心原理才能成立，近场条件下近似误差将不能忽略。并且随着信号频率的提高，到太赫兹频段，由时延误差引起的相位误差将进一步加大。所述MIMO天线阵列利用圆上任意一点到圆心的距离相等的特性，对基于等效相位中心原理设计直线形MIMO天线阵列的方法进行了修正，解决了现有基于等效相位中心原理的直线形MIMO阵列在近场成像中存在严重旁栅伪影的问题，提高了成像质量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据公开的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请提供的MIMO天线阵列结构示意图；
图2为本申请提供的发射天线与接收天线形成等效单收单发天线示意图；
图3为直线形MIMO天线阵列及其等效单收单发阵列结构示意图；
图4为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列结构示意图；
图5为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列的等效阵列结构示意图；
图6为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构参数；
图7为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构在太赫兹波段内的仿真参数；
图8为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构在330GHz～350GHz中MIMO天线阵列及其等效阵列的点扩散函数；
图9为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列与直线形MIMO阵列在330GHz～350GHz中的点扩散函数；
图10为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列与直线形MIMO阵列在毫米波波段仿真参数；
图11为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列与直线形MIMO阵列在25GHz～35GHz中的点扩散函数；
图12为本申请提供的一个实施例中MIMO天线阵列与直线形MIMO阵列在120GHz～150GHz中的点扩散函数；
图13为本申请提供的安检系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下通过实施例，并结合附图，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
请参见图1，本申请提供一种多收多发天线阵列(MIMO天线阵列)10包括接收天线子阵110以及多个发射天线子阵120。所述多个发射天线子阵120设置于所述接收天线子阵110的两端，且所述接收天线子阵110与所述多个发射天线子阵120设置于同一条圆弧上。
所述多个发射天线子阵120基于发射信号发射检测信号，所述接收天线子阵110接收反射信号，并将反射信号反馈至收发器。所述接收天线子阵110与所述多个发射天线子阵120设置于同一条圆弧上，并且均匀分布。所述接收天线子阵110与所述多个发射天线子阵120设置于同一条圆弧上，可以使得所述接收天线子阵110与所述多个发射天线子阵120到圆心130的距离相等。
依照等效相位中心原理，任意一对发射天线与接收天线的组合都可以用一个位于两者中心的收发同置的天线来代替。只有在远场条件下，等效相位中心原理才能成立，近场条 件下近似误差将不能忽略。并且随着信号频率的提高，到太赫兹频段，由时延误差引起的相位误差将进一步加大。所述MIMO天线阵列10利用圆上任意一点到圆心130的距离相等的特性，对基于等效相位中心原理设计直线形MIMO天线阵列的方法进行了修正，解决了现有基于等效相位中心原理的直线形MIMO阵列在近场成像中存在严重旁栅伪影的问题，提高了成像质量。
在一个实施例中，所述接收天线子阵110包括多个接收天线111，所述多个接收天线111设置于同一条圆弧上，且相邻所述接收天线111之间的间距相等。
在一个实施例中，每个所述发射天线子阵120包括多个发射天线121。所述多个发射天线121设置于所述多个接收天线111的两端，相邻所述发射天线121之间的间距相等，且所述多个发射天线121与所述多个接收天线111设置于同一条圆弧上。
相邻所述接收天线111、相邻所述发射天线121以及相邻的所述接收天线111与所述发射天线121之间的圆弧间距，需要满足由所述多个接收天线111与所述多个发射天线121形成的等效阵列天线之间的圆弧长度小于等于二分之一中心波长λc。其中，中心波长λc为发射的宽带电磁波中心频率对应的波长。
请参见图2，依照等效相位中心原理，任意一对发射天线与接收天线的组合都可以用位于两者中心的一个收发同置的天线来代替。利用圆上任意一点到圆心130的距离相等的特性，对基于等效相位中心原理设计直线形MIMO天线阵列的方法进行了修正。在极坐标系中(r,θ T)处的所述发射天线121与(r,θ R)处的所述接收天线111的组合可以用位于(r，(θ T+θ R)/2)处的收发同置的等效天线50来替代，而由于圆上任意一点到圆心130的距离相等，时延τ TR＝(r T+r R)/c＝2rv/c将恒成立。可通过设计满足成像要求的圆弧形等效单收单发天线阵列，继而分解得到相应的MIMO阵列。
因此，所述MIMO天线阵列10不存在近似误差，在近场中和等效的单收单发天线阵列具有相近的旁栅水平，对基于等效相位中心原理设计直线形MIMO天线阵列的方法进行了修正，解决了现有基于等效相位中心原理的直线形MIMO阵列在近场成像中存在严重旁栅伪影的问题，提高了成像质量。
在一个实施例中，所述MIMO天线阵列10包括2个所述发射天线子阵120。2个所述发射天线子阵120设置于所述接收天线子阵110的两端。
在一个实施例中，每个所述发射天线子阵120包括5个发射天线121，所述接收天线子阵110包括20个接收天线111。
2个所述发射天线子阵120分别设置于所述接收天线子阵110的两端，且每个所述发射天线子阵120包括5个所述发射天线121，所述接收天线子阵110包括20个所述接收天 线111。也就是说5个所述发射天线121设置于20个所述接收天线111的一端，5个所述发射天线121设置于20个所述接收天线111的另一端。
请参见图3-5，在一个实施例中，辐射源选择在太赫兹波段。首先对基于等效相位原理设计的直线形MIMO阵列，以及所述MIMO天线阵列10进行了仿真测试，同时采用两种十发二十收MIMO阵列。十发二十收MIMO阵列指10个所述发射天线121和20个所述接收天线111，且每5个所述发射天线121分别设置于20个所述接收天线111的两端。
请参见图6为十发二十收MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构参数，图7为十发二十收MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构在太赫兹波段内的仿真参数。
请参见图8，为十发二十收MIMO天线阵列以及其等效阵列结构在330GHz～350GHz中MIMO天线阵列及其等效阵列的点扩散函数。其中方位向采样范围d为(-8λ c，8λ c)，λ c为中心波长。从图8所示的仿真结果显示，在成像距离为0.1m的近场成像中，本申请所述MIMO天线阵列10与其等效阵列的点扩散函数(point spread function，PSF)几乎重合，验证了在近场条件下本申请所述MIMO天线阵列10与其等效阵列成像性能的一致性。
请参见图9，为十发二十收MIMO天线阵列与直线形MIMO阵列在330GHz～350GHz中的点扩散函数。从图9可知在近场条件下，本申请提供的所述MIMO天线阵列10的旁栅水平明显低于基于等效相位原理设计的直线形MIMO阵列，仿真实验验证了本申请的有效性。
请参见图10-12，在一个实施例中，参数设置如图10所示，在25GHz-35GHz和120GHz-150GHz的毫米波波段对本申请所述MIMO天线阵列10与直线形MIMO天线阵列进行了仿真测试。从图11与图12可以看出，在毫米波波段，本申请所述MIMO天线阵列10的旁栅水平同样明显低于基于等效相位原理设计的直线形MIMO阵列。因此，本申请所述MIMO天线阵列10在毫米波波段具有有效性，同样可以适用于其他电磁波段。
在一个实施例中，所述接收天线子阵110的工作频段与所述多个发射天线子阵120的工作频段至少部分相同。
在一个实施例中，一种多收多发阵列天线(MIMO阵列天线)20包括收发器、电子开关和上述任一实施例所述的MIMO天线阵列10，所述收发器与所述MIMO天线阵列10电连接，所述收发器用以产生发射信号，所述电子开关用以切换所述多个发射天线和所述多个接收天线的开关。
所述收发器用于实现电磁波信号和电信号的相互转换，所述收发器根据发射信号的频率例如可以为毫米波收发器或太赫兹收发器等。所述MIMO天线阵列10中发射天线基于发射信号发射检测信号，接收天线用以接收反射信号，并将反射信号反馈至所述收发器。
在一个实施例中，一种安检系统30包括多个安检模块310以及处理模块320。每个所述安检模块310包括至少一个如上述实施例所述的MIMO阵列天线20。所述处理模块320与所述多个安检模块310的输出端电连接，用以处理所述多个安检模块310检测到数据。
每个所述安检模块310包括至少一个如上述实施例所述的MIMO阵列天线20，用于将所述收发器发射的电磁波信号进行传播，以传播至所述检测物体40，实现对所述检测物体40的检测扫描。其中，所述MIMO阵列天线20可以采用线阵阵列或面阵阵列。
所述处理模块320可以是各种具有处理计算功能的终端设备，例如服务器、平板个人计算机、台式计算机、膝上型PC、上网本计算机或者智能手机等。所述MIMO阵列天线20中的所述发射天线121发射的电磁波经由所述检测物体40反射得到反射信号，反射信号由所述接收天线111接收后转换为电信号，收发信号经混频及解调后传给所述处理模块320。所述处理模块320基于解调后的数据即可处理得到所述检测物体40的切面扫描图，从而实现对所述检测物体40的检测。
通过所述安检系统30可以用于对检测物体40进行安检。所述安检模块310的个数可以为1个或多个。多个所述安检模块310围绕所述检测物体40设置，用以从不同方位对所述检测物体40进行检测。太赫兹波具有独特的指纹谱、宽频带、穿透性、高分辨率和无危害性的特点，可以进行无损检测、安全检查等，提高了人们出行的安全性。
在一个实施例中，所述MIMO阵列天线20可以为柱面形状的阵列天线，全方位实现对所述检测物体40进行扫描，更大范围的获得所述检测物体40的信息。
在一个实施例中，所述安检系统30包括两个所述安检模块310，且两个所述安检模块310相对设置，所述检测物体40设置于所述两个所述安检模块310之间，可以用来检测。
在一个实施例中，每个所述安检模块310还包括圆弧结构311，至少一个所述MIMO阵列天线20嵌套于所述圆弧结构311中。
所述MIMO阵列天线20可以为圆弧形阵列天线，安装于所述圆弧结构311，形成一个以所述检测物体40为圆心的圆弧，从而可以从各个方向实现对所述检测物体40的扫描，确保了人们出行的安全性。
在一个实施例中，每个所述安检模块310可以包括多个所述MIMO阵列天线20，所述多个MIMO阵列天线20可以固定嵌套于所述圆弧结构311中，形成面阵阵列，使多个所述MIMO阵列天线20无需滑动也可实现对所述检测物体40的全方位扫描，节省了所述安检系统30检测的时间，提高了所述安检系统30的效率，更方便了人们出行。
在一个实施例中，所述MIMO阵列天线20与所述圆弧结构311滑动连接，用以实现对检测物体的上下扫描。
通过在所述圆弧结构311与所述MIMO阵列天线20之间安装一个滑轮，且在所述圆弧结构311内设置一个滑动槽，可以实现所述MIMO阵列天线20在所述圆弧结构311内上下滑动，沿着高度方向进行扫描，从而可以对所述检测物体40全方位进行扫描，更大范围的获得所述检测物体40的信息，避免人们出行时携带有危险物品，危害社会安全。
在一个实施例中，所述安检模块310还包括混频单元与解调单元。所述混频单元连接于所述收发器，基于发射信号和本振信号混频得到参考信号，以及基于反射信号和本振信号混频得到测量信号。其中，本征信号由所述收发器产生，所述解调单元用以解调参考信号与测量信号得到检测数据。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，包括：
    接收天线子阵；以及
    多个发射天线子阵，设置于所述接收天线子阵的两端，且所述接收天线子阵与所述多个发射天线子阵设置于同一条圆弧上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，所述接收天线子阵包括：
    多个接收天线，设置于同一条圆弧上，且相邻所述接收天线之间的间距相等。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，每个所述发射天线子阵包括：
    多个发射天线，设置于多个所述接收天线的两端，相邻所述发射天线之间的间距相等，且所述多个发射天线与所多个述接收天线设置于同一条圆弧上。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，所述多个接收天线与所述多个发射天线形成的等效阵列天线之间的圆弧长度小于等于二分之一中心波长。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，所述多收多发天线阵列包括2个所述发射天线子阵，2个所述发射天线子阵设置于所述接收天线子阵的两端。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，每个所述发射天线子阵包括5个发射天线。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，所述接收天线子阵包括20个接收天线，20个所述接收天线的两端分别设置有5个所述发射天线。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的多收多发天线阵列，其特征在于，所述接收天线子阵的工作频段与所述多个发射天线子阵的工作频段至少部分相同。
  9. 一种多收多发阵列天线，其特征在于，包括收发器、电子开关与多收多发天线阵列，所述收发器与所述多收多发天线阵列电连接，所述收发器设置为产生发射信号，所述电子开关设置为切换所述多个发射天线和所述多个接收天线的开关。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的多收多发阵列天线，其特征在于，所述收发器为毫米波收发器。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的多收多发阵列天线，其特征在于，所述收发器为太赫兹收发器。
  12. 一种安检系统，其特征在于，包括：
    多个安检模块，每个所述安检模块包括至少一个多收多发阵列天线。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述安检系统还包括：
    处理模块，与所述多个安检模块的输出端电连接，设置为处理所述多个安检模块检测到数据。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，每个所述安检模块包括：
    圆弧结构，至少一个所述多收多发阵列天线嵌套于所述圆弧结构中。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述多收多发阵列天线与所述圆弧结构滑动连接。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述安检系统包括两个所述安检模块，两个所述安检模块相对设置，且检测物体设置于两个所述安检模块之间。
  17. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述多收多发阵列天线采用线阵阵列。
  18. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述多收多发阵列天线采用面阵阵列。
  19. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述多收多发阵列天线为柱面形状的阵列天线。
  20. 如权利要求12所述的安检系统，其特征在于，所述多收多发阵列天线为圆弧形阵列天线。
PCT/CN2018/114520 2018-08-30 2018-11-08 多收多发天线阵列、多收多发阵列天线及安检系统 Ceased WO2020042363A1 (zh)

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