WO2020038319A1 - 一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺 - Google Patents

一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020038319A1
WO2020038319A1 PCT/CN2019/101324 CN2019101324W WO2020038319A1 WO 2020038319 A1 WO2020038319 A1 WO 2020038319A1 CN 2019101324 W CN2019101324 W CN 2019101324W WO 2020038319 A1 WO2020038319 A1 WO 2020038319A1
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Prior art keywords
crusher
crushing
jaw
movable jaw
vertical
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PCT/CN2019/101324
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱兴良
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吴卿
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B02C1/04—Jaw crushers or pulverisers with single-acting jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C21/00—Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/02—Feeding devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vertical building integrated system for single building blocks and its breaking process. It belongs to the technical field of integrated material crushing equipment.
  • the crushing operation is not completed by a single machine at one time, but is completed by multi-machine multi-stage crushing.
  • auxiliary machines such as feeders, conveyors, and sieving machines (also known as vibrating screens) must be provided.
  • the feeders transport the raw materials to the first-level material crushing equipment. After the first crushing, the initial The broken product is transported to the secondary material crushing equipment for further crushing, and then to the third-level crushing, fourth-level crushing, etc., and finally conveyed to the screening machine for screening by the conveyor.
  • the qualified products are classified into the warehouse, and the unqualified products pass The conveyor is crushed again by the material crushing equipment, and it starts and ends again and again to form a crushing production line. Crushing production lines are widely used in the field of building materials and mining resources.
  • the crushing production line under the traditional technology is a spreading mesh crushing production line model, which is divided into multiple sections. The two sections are connected by a 25-35 m straight conveyor belt, which occupies a large area and is inconvenient to manage. Environmental pollution such as “noise” is difficult to eradicate; because “production workers are within the broken production line”, it is difficult to eradicate “safe” hidden dangers.
  • the invention proposes a building vertical vertical crushing integrated system for building blocks that is convenient for operation, management and maintenance, and reduces noise and dust pollution, and its crushing process, to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to use a building block type modular flexible assembly structure or a piece of building to quickly install and disassemble the building or a yurt structure of a single building block.
  • the entire single building block can be quickly installed and disassembled to change the original outdoor operation.
  • the material crushing equipment in the single block building is vertically aligned.
  • the discharge opening of the upper crushing equipment is aligned with the feed opening of the lower crushing equipment.
  • the innovative design of the vertical docking structure reduces the use of conveying devices. With the help of gravity, the centralized installation of equipment and the building of integrated equipment can be achieved to reduce noise and dust pollution.
  • a vertical integrated building crushing system for a single building block includes a closed or semi-closed single building block, and a vertical arrangement of a multi-layer crusher mounting rack is placed in the single building block;
  • Each layer of the crusher mounting rack is arranged with material crushing equipment arranged from top to bottom according to the material crushing and screening order, including a feeder on the first floor and a jaw crusher, and a first crusher on the second floor. And the material screening equipment located at the bottommost layer, the outlet of the jaw crusher and the feed inlet of the first crusher are arranged in abutment;
  • the material to be crushed is sequentially crushed by the material crushing equipment arranged from top to bottom under the action of gravity;
  • the single building block is a building block type modular active assembly structure or a quick installation and disassembly structure or a yurt structure.
  • the crusher mounting frame includes a horizontal support frame for placing a material crushing device or a feeder or a material screening device and a vertical support frame for supporting the horizontal support frame; the vertical support frame And the horizontal support frame is a quick installation and removal structure.
  • the single building block is a building block type modular active assembly structure including a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate, and the top plate, the bottom plate and the side plate are fixed to the vertical support frame and the lateral support frame by bolts.
  • the single building block is a yurt structure, including a mounting frame, a felt bag and an outer cover which are sequentially installed on the mounting frame from the inside to the outside, and the mounting frame includes a Hana vertically arranged and erected on the Oni on Hana.
  • each layer of the crusher mounting rack further includes a second crusher located on the third layer and a third crusher located on the fourth layer.
  • the first crusher is a jaw crusher or a cone crusher or One of a roller crusher or an impact crusher
  • the second crusher and the third crusher are one of an impact crusher or a hammer crusher
  • the feed of the second crusher is The port is provided in abutment with the discharge port of the first crusher
  • the feed port in the third crusher is provided in abutment with the discharge port of the second crusher.
  • the feeding opening of the second crusher is provided with an expansion opening to prevent material from splashing outside, and the discharging opening of the second crusher and the feeding inlet of the third crusher are connected through a feeding pipe and a collection box. .
  • the jaw crusher includes a frame, a front movable jaw assembly, a rear movable jaw assembly, a fixed jaw plate fixedly arranged with the frame, and a fixed connection with the front movable jaw assembly and relative to The movable jaw is fixedly arranged on the fixed jaw.
  • the lower end of the fixed jaw and the lower end of the movable jaw form a discharge opening and a crushing cavity.
  • the front movable jaw assembly includes a front movable jaw and a front eccentric drive shaft that drives the front movable jaw to work;
  • the rear movable jaw assembly includes a rear movable jaw and a rear eccentric drive shaft that drives the rear movable jaw to work
  • the front and rear sides of the rear movable jaw are respectively provided with elbow pads which are not on the same horizontal line and staggered from each other, and the front and rear toggle jaw pads are respectively connected with a front toggle plate and a rear toggle plate,
  • One end of the rear elbow is hinged to the rear elbow pad of the rear movable jaw, and the opposite end is connected to the frame by adjusting bolts; one end of the front elbow is hinged to the front elbow pad of the rear movable jaw.
  • One end is hinged to the front movable jaw.
  • connection points of the front and rear brackets of the crusher are staggered up and down.
  • the rear moving jaw performs work in a circle to perform upper and lower "small angle boosting" work.
  • the original "breaking stroke” caused by the "upper and lower angular displacement movement” of the elbow pad becomes The “leverage movement” together produces a “breaking stroke”. If the forward moving jaw breaking stroke is a fixed value, the up and down “sliding” stroke of the toggle will be shortened, which will greatly reduce the wear and temperature of the toggle head and make the rear Work on the upper, lower, front and back of the moving jaw.
  • the front and rear sets of toggle joints are staggered up and down, and the innovative design with dual boosting functions is used to make the original "breaking stroke” caused by the “upper and lower angular displacement movement” of the toggles changed to the “backward moving jaw” “Back and forth and up and down movements” together produce a "breaking stroke", thereby greatly abrading and warming up the head of the toggle, and the eccentric shaft is uniformly subjected to work and force.
  • front eccentric drive shaft and the rear eccentric drive shaft are connected to the front drive gear and the rear drive gear, respectively, the front drive gear and the rear drive gear mesh with each other, and the front movable jaw is pivotally connected to the front eccentric drive shaft.
  • the rear movable jaw is pivotally connected to the rear eccentric drive shaft.
  • a crushing process for a vertical building integrated system of a single building block includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Assemble the crusher mounting rack at the construction site, and transport multiple material crushing equipment to each layer of the crusher mounting rack through the lifting device;
  • Step 2 Set up a single building or yurt consisting of a top plate, a bottom plate and a side plate on the basis of the crusher mounting rack;
  • Step 3 Feeding to the jaw crusher through the feeder, the first crushing operation of the material through the jaw crusher, the material after the first crushing is dropped into the second crusher and The third layer crusher performs the crushing operation;
  • Step 4 After the multi-stage crushing, the materials are conveyed to the material screening equipment for screening and storage.
  • the innovative idea of the present invention lies in: (1) centrally setting up all equipment to establish a foundation for environmental protection measures; (2) then solving the logistics problems brought about by the equipment concentration by using the crushing equipment docking method by means of the gravity of the material; (3) the centralized The equipment is integrated to build a house, and the original outdoor operation is changed to indoor operation to prevent noise and dust pollution.
  • the significant structural features of the present invention are: a building block type modular active assembly structure or a quick installation and disassembly structure of parts or a yurt structure of a building block and a building block in a building block are arranged vertically, and the output of the upper-level crushing device is discharged. The opening is aligned with the feed opening of the lower crushing equipment.
  • the core technology of the invention is to use the method of quickly disassembling and installing the single building block and the inlet and outlet of the crushing equipment to achieve rapid crushing of materials, and to realize centralized installation of equipment and building of integrated equipment to reduce noise and dust pollution.
  • the invention relates to a vertical single-block crushing integrated system for building blocks, which centrally sets all equipment in a single-story vertical building to establish a foundation for environmental protection measures; and then aligns the feeding port of the feeding device with the feeding port of the first-level crushing device.
  • the outlet of the primary crushing equipment is aligned with the inlet of the secondary crushing equipment, and so on ... until the outlet of the final crushing equipment is connected to the material screening equipment through a conveying device, and finally screened into the warehouse
  • Integrate the integrated equipment to build a house change the original outdoor operation to indoor operation, prevent noise and dust pollution, greatly simplify the process of the crushing production line, and protect and save valuable land after the equipment is sealed. Resources, greatly saving land occupation, convenient operation, convenient management and maintenance, energy saving and consumption reduction.
  • the innovative design of the entire crushing equipment has a vertical butt-type structure, which reduces the use of conveying devices; and the crushing production line is put into operation once and relocated and used multiple times, eliminating the need for secondary (multiple) infrastructure construction costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vertical building integrated system of a single building block according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a jaw crusher in a building single-block vertical crushing integrated system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a vertical building integrated system of single building blocks according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a single block building in a vertical block integrated system of a single block building of the present invention (1);
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a single building block in a vertical building integrated system of single building blocks according to the present invention (2);
  • FIG. 6 is a force analysis diagram of the state of FIG. 2.
  • a building block vertical building integration system includes a closed or semi-closed building block building 12, A multi-layered crusher mounting rack in a vertical arrangement is placed in the single building block 12;
  • Each layer of the crusher mounting rack is arranged with material crushing equipment arranged from top to bottom according to the material crushing and screening order, and includes a feeder 1 on the first floor, a jaw crusher 2, and a first on the second floor.
  • the crusher 3 and the material screening device 6 located at the bottom are connected to the conveyor belt 7, and the outlet of the jaw crusher 2 and the feed inlet of the first crusher 3 are arranged straight and perpendicular; There is a height difference between the material crushing equipment on the adjacent upper and lower floors. Under the action of gravity, the material crushing operation is completed by the material crushing equipment arranged from top to bottom;
  • the single building block 12 is modular Flexible assembly structure or loose parts quick installation disassembly structure or yurt structure.
  • the crusher mounting frame includes a horizontal support frame 11 for mounting material crushing equipment or a feeder 1 or a material screening device 6 and a vertical support frame 10 for supporting the lateral support frame 11;
  • the support frame 10 and the lateral support frame 11 are quick-installation and disassembly structures.
  • Each layer of the crusher mounting rack further includes a second crusher 4 on the third layer and a third crusher 5 on the fourth layer.
  • the first crusher 3 is a jaw crusher or a cone crusher or For one of the roller crusher or impact crusher, the feeding and discharging mode of the first crusher 3 is up, down, and the second crusher 4 and the third crusher 5 are impact crushers or One of the hammer crushers, the feeding and discharging modes of the second crusher 4 and the third crusher 5 are left in and down, and the feeding port of the second crusher 4 and the first
  • the discharge opening of the crusher 3 is diagonally abutted, and the feed inlet of the third crusher 5 and the discharge outlet of the second crusher 4 are diagonally abutted.
  • the feed opening of the second crusher 4 is provided with an expansion opening 9 to prevent material from splashing outside.
  • the discharge opening of the second crusher 4 and the feed inlet of the third crusher 5 pass through a conveying pipe and a collection box. 8 are connected.
  • the single block building 12 is a modular type modular active assembly.
  • the structure includes a top plate 27, a bottom plate 26, and a side plate 25.
  • the top plate 27, the bottom plate 26, and the side plate 25 are fixed to the vertical support frame 10 and the lateral support frame 11 by bolts.
  • the top plate 27, the bottom plate 26 and the side plates 25 are made of thin steel plates, and sealing strips are arranged between each other.
  • the single building block 12 is a yurt structure, and includes a mounting frame 30 and a felt bag 28 and an outer cover 29 which are sequentially installed on the mounting frame 30 from the inside to the outside.
  • the mounting frame 30 includes a Hana and a vertical installation. Oni on the Hana.
  • the jaw crusher 2 includes a frame 13, a front movable jaw assembly, a rear movable jaw assembly, and A fixed jaw 14 fixedly disposed on the frame 13 and a movable jaw 15 fixedly connected to the front movable jaw assembly and movably disposed relative to the fixed jaw 14, a lower end of the fixed jaw 14 and a movable jaw
  • the lower end of 15 forms a discharge opening and a crushing cavity.
  • the front movable jaw assembly includes a front movable jaw 16 and a front eccentric drive shaft 17 which drives the front movable jaw 16 to work;
  • the rear movable jaw assembly includes a rear movable jaw 19 and a rear eccentricity which drives the rear movable jaw 19 to work.
  • the drive shaft 18 is provided with elbow pads on the front and rear sides of the rear movable jaw 19 which are not on the same horizontal line and staggered from each other.
  • one end of the rear elbow 23 is hingedly connected to the rear elbow pad 21 of the rear movable jaw 19, and the opposite end is connected to the frame 13 by adjusting bolts 24; one end of the front elbow 20 is hinged At the front toggle pad 22 of the rear movable jaw 19, the opposite end is hinged to the front movable jaw 16.
  • connection points of the front and rear brackets of the crusher are staggered up and down.
  • the rear movable jaw 19 performs a circle of work.
  • the position of the front elbow pad 22 and the rear elbow pad 21 is shifted up and down, so that the original “breaking stroke” caused by the “upper and lower angular displacement movement” of the elbow becomes The rearward jaw 19 “back-and-forth up-and-down lever movement” together produces a “breaking stroke”.
  • the forward-moving jaw 16's breaking stroke is a fixed value, then the up and down “sliding” stroke of the toggle will be shortened, thereby greatly reducing the toggle head.
  • the parts are worn and warmed, and the work of the upper, lower, front, and back of the rear jaw is performed, and the work and force of the front jaw are uniform.
  • the front and rear sets of elbow joints are staggered up and down, and the innovative design with double boosting function is used to make the original "breaking stroke” caused by the “upper and lower angular displacement movement” of the elbow into the rear moving jaw 19
  • the "back-and-forth-up-and-down movement” together produces a "breaking stroke", thereby greatly abrading and warming up the head of the toggle, and the work of the eccentric shaft is uniformly applied.
  • the analysis of the force is as follows: See FIG. 6 for the analysis of the force of the lower part of the front jaw 16.
  • the toggle plate only analyzes the rear toggle plate 23.
  • the rear movable jaw 19 is driven by the motor to perform circular motion.
  • the front toggle plate 20 and the rear toggle plate 23 are staggered with each other to form a power point and a resistance point.
  • the power arm of the power point is greater than
  • the front eccentric drive shaft 17 and the rear eccentric drive shaft 18 are respectively connected to the front drive gear and the rear drive gear, the front drive gear and the rear drive gear mesh with each other, and the front movable jaw 19 is pivotally connected to the front eccentric drive shaft 17, The rear movable jaw 19 is pivotally connected to the rear eccentric drive shaft 18.
  • a crushing process for a vertical building integrated system of a single building block includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Assemble the crusher mounting rack at the construction site, and transport multiple material crushing equipment to each layer of the crusher mounting rack through the lifting device;
  • Step 2 Build a single building or yurt consisting of a top plate 27, a bottom plate 26, and a side plate 25 on the basis of the crusher mounting rack;
  • Step 3 Feeding to the jaw crusher 2 through the feeder 1, the first crushing operation of the material through the jaw crusher 2, the material after the first crushing is dropped into the second layer in turn under the effect of gravity
  • the crusher and the third layer crusher perform the crushing operation
  • Step 4 After the multi-stage crushing, the materials are conveyed to the material screening equipment for screening and storage.

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  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，包括一封闭式或半封闭式的积木单楼（12），积木单楼内放置有一个呈垂直布置的多层破碎机安放架；破碎机安放架各层根据物料破碎筛分顺序自上而下依次排列放置有物料破碎设备，包括位于第一层的喂料机（1）和颚式破碎机（2）、位于第二层的第一破碎机（3）和位于最底层的物料筛分设备（6），颚式破碎机的出料口与第一破碎机的进料口对接设置；相邻上下层的物料破碎设备之间存有高低落差。该积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统集中安放多台物料破碎设备，方便作业、方便管理与维修，减少噪音和粉尘污染。

Description

一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺。属于物料破碎集成设备技术领域。
背景技术
破碎作业不是单机一次性完成的而是由多机多段破碎来完成的。另外还要配套喂料机、输送机及筛分机(也称振动筛)等等辅机，由喂料机将原料输送至一级物料破碎设备，进行第一次破碎后，通过输送机将初破产品输送至二级物料破碎设备进行再次破碎，再到三级破碎、四级破碎等等，最后通过输送机输送至筛分机进行筛分，合格的成品归类入库，不合格的产品通过输送机反至物料破碎设备进行再次破碎，周而复始，从而组成一条破碎生产线。破碎生产线广泛应用于建筑材料领域，矿山资源开采领域。
传统技术下的破碎生产线是展开式网状破碎生产线模式，分多段破碎，两段破碎之间用25-35米的直线输送带相连接，占地大，管理不方便；对“粉尘、污水和噪音”等环保污染难以根治；因“生产工人处在破碎生产线之内”后，难以根治“安全”隐患。
在现有技术中，破碎生产线分为“固定式”和“移动式”两大类：
“固定式”的优点是1设备安装不受长宽高空间限制，破碎生产线大型化不受限制；2物料输送自由展开，十分方便；3维修空间充足；其缺点是1一旦破碎生产线建设完成就不能移动；2占地大；3对土地有侵浊；
而“移动式”的优点是1可以异地搬迁作业；2对土地没有侵浊；3搬迁后再次安装，无需再次投入基础设施成本；其缺点是1设备受公路运输条件的长宽高空间限制，只适合微型、小型破碎生产线；2物料输送机构复杂造价高；3维修空间狭窄，使维修极不方便。
且现有技术下的破碎生产线一般大多都是露天生产线，在破碎作业时，会产生大量的粉尘及噪音，环境污染很大，对生产和健康都非常不利；加上目前国家矿山企业的绿色环保要求越来越严，环保不达标就责令停产；因此，有效的防尘防噪音污染治理措施很必要。继而，矿山企业为了减少环境污染，纷纷对破碎生产线采取有效的除尘措施，由于这种展开式破碎生产线占地面积大，采取统一建房的方式，工程巨大，并不可取，所以，有的矿山企业采取对单台设备建房的方式，这样一来，虽然有效的治理了粉尘和噪音，但是对于设备的管理来说，产生诸多不便。于是，矿山行业的发展，急需在“固定式”和“移动式”这两种传统的模式以外，寻找(创新)更好的第三种模式……
综上所述，为了解决现有技术存在的问题，目前亟需发明一种集中安放多台物料破碎设备，方便作业、方便管理与维修，减少噪音和粉尘污染的积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统。整个积木单楼可快速拆卸安装，实用性强，适用对拆装、体积要求高的物料破碎场地，整体性一体化设备建房，可实现标准化、自动化流水线式的生产。
发明内容
本发明提出一种集中安放多台物料破碎设备，方便作业、方便管理与维修，减少噪音和粉尘污染的积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺，解决现有技术存在的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是运用一积木式模块化活络拼装结构或散件快速安装拆卸结构或蒙古包结构的积木单楼，整个积木单楼可快速安装拆卸，变原先的室外作业为室内作业，再者积木单楼内的物料破碎设备呈垂直排列状，上级破碎设备的出料口和下级破碎设备的进料口对准，创新设计垂直对接型结构，减少了输送装置的使用，借助重力，实现设备集中设置和一体化设备建房，减少噪音和粉尘污染。
一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，包括一封闭式或半封闭式的积木单楼，所述积木单楼内放置有一个呈垂直布置的多层破碎机安放架；
所述破碎机安放架各层根据物料破碎筛分顺序自上而下依次排列放置有物料破碎设备，包括位于第一层的喂料机和颚式破碎机、位于第二层的第一破碎 机和位于最底层的物料筛分设备，所述颚式破碎机的出料口与第一破碎机的进料口对接设置；
相邻上下层的物料破碎设备之间存有高低落差，待破碎物料在重力作用下，依次通过由上至下布置的物料破碎设备完成物料破碎作业；
所述积木单楼为积木式模块化活络拼装结构或散件快速安装拆卸结构或蒙古包结构。
进一步地，所述破碎机安放架包括用于安放物料破碎设备或喂料机或物料筛分设备的横向支撑架和用于支撑所述横向支撑架的竖向支撑架；所述竖向支撑架和横向支撑架为快速安装拆卸结构。
进一步地，所述积木单楼为积木式模块化活络拼装结构，包括顶板、底板和侧板，所述顶板、底板和侧板通过螺栓与所述竖向支撑架和横向支撑架相固定。
进一步地，所述积木单楼为蒙古包结构，包括安装架和从内至外依次安装在所述安装架上的毡包、外罩，所述安装架包括竖向布设的哈纳和架设在所述哈纳上的奥尼。
进一步地，所述破碎机安放架各层还包括有位于第三层的第二破碎机和位于第四层的第三破碎机，所述第一破碎机为颚式破碎机或圆锥破碎机或对辊式破碎机或冲击式破碎机中的一种，所述第二破碎机和第三破碎机为反击式破碎机或锤式破碎机中的一种，所述第二破碎机的进料口与所述第一破碎机的出料口对接设置，所述第三破碎机的进料口与所述第二破碎机的出料口对接设置。
进一步地，所述第二破碎机的进料口设置有防止物料外溅的扩展开口，所述第二破碎机的出料口和第三破碎机的进料口通过输料管道和收集箱相连。
进一步地，所述颚式破碎机包括机架、前动颚总成、后动颚总成、与所述机架固定设置的固定颚板和与所述前动颚总成固定连接且相对于固定颚板可移动地设置的活动颚板，固定颚板的下端与活动颚板的下端形成排料口和破碎腔。
进一步地，所述前动颚总成包括前动颚和带动所述前动颚工作的前偏心驱动轴；后动颚总成包括后动颚和带动所述后动颚工作的后偏心驱动轴，所述后动颚的前后两侧分别设置有不在同一水平线上且相互呈错开状的肘板垫，所述 后动颚前后两侧的肘板垫分别连接有前肘板和后肘板，后肘板一端铰链连接在后动颚的后肘板垫，相对的另一端通过调节螺栓连接在机架上；所述前肘板一端铰链连接在后动颚的前肘板垫，相对的另一端铰链连接在前动颚上。
运用巧妙的“错式”结构设计，使得由单纯后动颚上下运动的“小角增力”做功，提升为后动颚上下运动的“小角增力”和后动颚前后运动的“杠杆增力”两者共同做功；并使后动颚运动受力均匀。
破碎机的前、后两套的肘板连接点上下错开，当前动颚带动后动颚作功时，后动颚作功一圈，对前动颚进行上、下“小角增力”作功的同时，由于前肘板垫与后肘板垫位置的上、下的错开，使得原来由肘板的“上下角位移运动”而产生的“破碎冲程”，变为由后动颚“前后上下杠杆运动”共同产生“破碎冲程”，假如前动颚破碎冲程是一个定值，那么肘板的上下“滑动”行程就会缩短，从而大幅度降低了肘板头部磨损和升温，并使后动颚上、下、前、后全程作功，前动颚作功受力均匀。
前、后两套的肘板连接点上下错开，运用具有双增力功能的创新设计，使得原来由肘板的“上下角位移运动”而产生的“破碎冲程”，变为由后动颚“前后上下运动”共同产生“破碎冲程”，从而大幅度技术肘板头部磨损和升温，并是偏心轴作功受力均匀。
它将现有技术动颚下部运动由“减力”的状态变为“高增力”状态，其受力分析如下：前动颚下部受力分析参见图6，为便于分析比较，现将分离前肘板，仅分析后肘板，后动颚在电机的带动下，做圆周运动，前肘板和后肘板相互错开形成了一个动力点和阻力点，动力点的动力臂大于阻力点的阻力臂，形成了一个省力增力杠杆，F1*a＝F2*b，当a大于b时，F2大于F1，故给前肘板产生了一个大破碎动力。
进一步地，前偏心驱动轴和后偏心驱动轴分别与前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮连接，所述前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮相互啮合，所述前动颚枢接在前偏心驱动轴上，所述后动颚枢接在后偏心驱动轴上。
一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的破碎工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在施工现场组装破碎机安放架，并将多个物料破碎设备通过提升装置分别运送至破碎机安放架各层；
步骤二、在破碎机安放架的基础上搭设由顶板、底板和侧板组成的积木单楼或蒙古包；
步骤三、通过喂料机向颚式破碎机进行喂料，通过颚式破碎机进行物料第一次破碎作业，第一次破碎完成后的物料在重力作用下依次掉入第二层破碎机和第三层破碎机进行破碎作业；
步骤四、经过多级破碎后，将物料输送至物料筛分设备进行筛分入库。
本发明的创新思路在于：1将所有的设备集中设置，为环保措施建立基础；2然后将由设备集中所带来的物流难题，采用破碎设备对接的方式借助物料重力作用解决；3将集中起来的设备整体性一体化建房，变原室外作业为室内作业，防止噪音和粉尘污染。
本发明的显著结构特征是：一积木式模块化活络拼装结构或散件快速安装拆卸结构或蒙古包结构的积木单楼和积木单楼内的物料破碎设备呈垂直排列状，上级破碎设备的出料口和下级破碎设备的进料口对准。
本发明的核心技术是：运用可快速拆卸安装的积木单楼和破碎设备进出料口对接的方式实现物料快速破碎，且实现设备集中设置和一体化设备建房，减少噪音和粉尘污染。
本发明具有以下的特点和显著效果：
本发明涉及的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统将所有的设备集中单楼垂直设置，为环保措施建立基础；然后将喂料设备的喂料口对准一级破碎设备的进料口，一级破碎设备的出料口对准二级破碎设备的进料口，以此类推……,直到最后一级破碎设备的出料口通过输送装置与物料筛分设备连接，最后筛分入库；将集中起来的设备整体性一体化建房，变原室外作业为室内作业，防止噪音和粉尘污染，极大地简化了破碎生产线的工艺流程，集中设备且密封后，保护并节约了宝贵的土地资源，大幅度地节约占地，方便作业、方便管理与维修，可节能降耗。
整个破碎设备创新设计垂直对接型结构，减少了输送装置的使用；且破碎生产线一次投入，多次异地迁移使用，免除了二次(多次)基础建设成本。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统中颚式破碎机的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的立体图；
图4为本发明一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统中积木单楼的结构示意图(1)；
图5为本发明一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统中积木单楼的结构示意图(2)；
图6为图2状态的受力分析图。
图中：1-喂料机；2-颚式破碎机；3-第一破碎机；4-第二破碎机；5-第三破碎机；6-物料筛分设备；7-输送带；8-收集箱；9-扩展开口；10-竖向支撑架；11-横向支撑架；12-积木单楼；13-机架；14-固定颚板；15-活动颚板；16-前动颚；17-前偏心驱动轴；18-后偏心驱动轴；19-后动颚；20-前肘板；21-后肘板垫；22-前肘板垫；23-后肘板；24-调节螺栓；25-侧板；26-底板；27-顶板；28-毡包；29-外罩；30-安装架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
参照图1和图3所示的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的结构示意图和立体图，一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，包括一封闭式或半封闭式的积木单楼12，所述积木单楼12内放置有一个呈垂直布置的多层破碎机安放架；
所述破碎机安放架各层根据物料破碎筛分顺序自上而下依次排列放置有物料破碎设备，包括位于第一层的喂料机1和颚式破碎机2、位于第二层的第一破碎机3和位于最底层的物料筛分设备6，物料筛分设备6与输送带7相连，所述颚式破碎机2的出料口与第一破碎机3的进料口直线垂直设置；相邻上下层的物料破碎设备之间存有高低落差，待破碎物料在重力作用下，依次通过由上至下布置的物料破碎设备完成物料破碎作业；所述积木单楼12为积木式模块化活络拼装结构或散件快速安装拆卸结构或蒙古包结构。所述破碎机安放架包括用于安放物料破碎设备或喂料机1或物料筛分设备6的横向支撑架11和用于支撑所述横向支撑架11的竖向支撑架10；所述竖向支撑架10和横向支撑架11为快速安装拆卸结构。所述破碎机安放架各层还包括有位于第三层的第二破碎机4和位于第四层的第三破碎机5，所述第一破碎机3为颚式破碎机或圆锥破碎机或对辊式破碎机或冲击式破碎机中的一种，第一破碎机3的进料出料模式呈上进下出，所述第二破碎机4和第三破碎机5为反击式破碎机或锤式破碎机中的一种，所述第二破碎机4和第三破碎机5的进料出料模式呈左进下出，所述第二破碎机4的进料口与所述第一破碎机3的出料口斜向对接设置，所述第三破碎机5的进料口与所述第二破碎机4的出料口斜向对接设置。所述第二破碎机4的进料口设置有防止物料外溅的扩展开口9，所述第二破碎机4的出料口和第三破碎机5的进料口通过输料管道和收集箱8相连。
参照图4和图5中所示的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统中积木单楼的结构示意图(1)和结构示意图(2)；所述积木单楼12为积木式模块化活络拼装结构，包括顶板27、底板26和侧板25，所述顶板27、底板26和侧板25通过螺栓与所述竖向支撑架10和横向支撑架11相固定。所述顶板27、底板26和侧板25采用薄钢板，且相互之间设置有密封条。
所述积木单楼12为蒙古包结构，包括安装架30和从内至外依次安装在所述安装架30上的毡包28、外罩29，所述安装架30包括竖向布设的哈纳和架设在所述哈纳上的奥尼。
参照图2所示的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统中颚式破碎机的结构示意图；所述颚式破碎机2包括机架13、前动颚总成、后动颚总成、与所述机架13固定设置的固定颚板14和与所述前动颚总成固定连接且相对于固定颚板14 可移动地设置的活动颚板15，固定颚板14的下端与活动颚板15的下端形成排料口和破碎腔。
所述前动颚总成包括前动颚16和带动所述前动颚16工作的前偏心驱动轴17；后动颚总成包括后动颚19和带动所述后动颚19工作的后偏心驱动轴18，所述后动颚19的前后两侧分别设置有不在同一水平线上且相互呈错开状的肘板垫，所述后动颚19前后两侧的肘板垫分别连接有前肘板20和后肘板23，后肘板23一端铰链连接在后动颚19的后肘板垫21，相对的另一端通过调节螺栓24连接在机架13上；所述前肘板20一端铰链连接在后动颚19的前肘板垫22，相对的另一端铰链连接在前动颚16上。
运用巧妙的“错式”结构设计，使得由单纯后动颚19上下运动的“小角增力”做功，提升为后动颚19上下运动的“小角增力”和后动颚19前后运动的“杠杆增力”两者共同做功；并使后动颚19运动受力均匀。
破碎机的前、后两套的肘板连接点上下错开，当前动颚16带动后动颚19作功时，后动颚19作功一圈，对前动颚16进行上、下“小角增力”作功的同时，由于前肘板垫22与后肘板垫21位置的上、下的错开，使得原来由肘板的“上下角位移运动”而产生的“破碎冲程”，变为由后动颚19“前后上下杠杆运动”共同产生“破碎冲程”，假如前动颚16破碎冲程是一个定值，那么肘板的上下“滑动”行程就会缩短，从而大幅度降低了肘板头部磨损和升温，并使后动颚上、下、前、后全程作功，前动颚作功受力均匀。
前、后两套的肘板连接点上下错开，运用具有双增力功能的创新设计，使得原来由肘板的“上下角位移运动”而产生的“破碎冲程”，变为由后动颚19“前后上下运动”共同产生“破碎冲程”，从而大幅度技术肘板头部磨损和升温，并是偏心轴作功受力均匀。
它将现有技术动颚下部运动由“减力”的状态变为“高增力”状态，其受力分析如下：前动颚16下部受力分析参见图6，为便于分析比较，现将分离前肘板，仅分析后肘板23，后动颚19在电机的带动下，做圆周运动，前肘板20和后肘板23相互错开形成了一个动力点和阻力点，动力点的动力臂大于阻力点的阻力臂，形成了一个省力增力杠杆，F1*a＝F2*b，当a大于b时，F2大于F1，故给前肘板20产生了一个大破碎动力。
前偏心驱动轴17和后偏心驱动轴18分别与前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮连接，所述前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮相互啮合，所述前动颚19枢接在前偏心驱动轴17上，所述后动颚19枢接在后偏心驱动轴18上。
一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的破碎工艺，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、在施工现场组装破碎机安放架，并将多个物料破碎设备通过提升装置分别运送至破碎机安放架各层；
步骤二、在破碎机安放架的基础上搭设由顶板27、底板26和侧板25组成的积木单楼或蒙古包；
步骤三、通过喂料机1向颚式破碎机2进行喂料，通过颚式破碎机2进行物料第一次破碎作业，第一次破碎完成后的物料在重力作用下依次掉入第二层破碎机和第三层破碎机进行破碎作业；
步骤四、经过多级破碎后，将物料输送至物料筛分设备进行筛分入库。
以上结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明，但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下，对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，仍落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，包括一封闭式或半封闭式的积木单楼，其特征在于：所述积木单楼内放置有一个呈垂直布置的多层破碎机安放架；
    所述破碎机安放架各层根据物料破碎筛分顺序自上而下依次排列放置有物料破碎设备，包括位于第一层的喂料机和颚式破碎机、位于第二层的第一破碎机、第三层的第二破碎机、位于第四层的第三破碎机和位于最底层的物料筛分设备，所述颚式破碎机的出料口与第一破碎机的进料口对接设置，所述第二破碎机的进料口与所述第一破碎机的出料口对接设置，所述第三破碎机的进料口与所述第二破碎机的出料口对接设置；
    相邻上下层的物料破碎设备之间存有高低落差，待破碎物料在重力作用下，依次通过由上至下布置的物料破碎设备完成物料破碎作业；
    所述积木单楼为积木式模块化活络拼装结构或散件快速安装拆卸结构或蒙古包结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述破碎机安放架包括用于安放物料破碎设备或喂料机或物料筛分设备的横向支撑架和用于支撑所述横向支撑架的竖向支撑架；所述竖向支撑架和横向支撑架为快速安装拆卸结构。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述积木单楼为积木式模块化活络拼装结构，包括顶板、底板和侧板，所述顶板、底板和侧板通过螺栓与所述竖向支撑架和横向支撑架相固定。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述积木单楼为蒙古包结构，包括安装架和从内至外依次安装在所述安装架上的毡包、外罩，所述安装架包括竖向布设的哈纳和架设在所述哈纳上的奥尼。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述第一破碎机为颚式破碎机或圆锥破碎机或对辊式破碎机或冲击式破碎机中的一种，所述第二破碎机和第三破碎机为反击式破碎机或锤式破碎机中的一种。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述第二破碎机的进料口设置有防止物料外溅的扩展开口，所述第二破碎机的出料口和第三破碎机的进料口通过输料管道和收集箱相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述颚式破碎机包括机架、前动颚总成、后动颚总成、与所述机架固定设置的固定颚板和与所述前动颚总成固定连接且相对于固定颚板可移动地设置的活动颚板，固定颚板的下端与活动颚板的下端形成排料口和破碎腔。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：所述前动颚总成包括前动颚和带动所述前动颚工作的前偏心驱动轴；后动颚总成包括后动颚和带动所述后动颚工作的后偏心驱动轴，所述后动颚的前后两侧分别设置有不在同一水平线上且相互呈错开状的肘板垫，所述后动颚前后两侧的肘板垫分别连接有前肘板和后肘板，后肘板一端铰链连接在后动颚的后肘板垫，相对的另一端通过调节螺栓连接在机架上；所述前肘板一端铰链连接在后动颚的前肘板垫，相对的另一端铰链连接在前动颚上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统，其特征在于：前偏心驱动轴和后偏心驱动轴分别与前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮连接，所述前传动齿轮和后传动齿轮相互啮合，所述前动颚枢接在前偏心驱动轴上，所述后动颚枢接在后偏心驱动轴上。
  10. 一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统的破碎工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    步骤一、在施工现场组装破碎机安放架，并将多个物料破碎设备通过提升装置分别运送至破碎机安放架各层；
    步骤二、在破碎机安放架的基础上搭设由顶板、底板和侧板组成的积木单楼或蒙古包；
    步骤三、通过喂料机向颚式破碎机进行喂料，通过颚式破碎机进行物料第一次破碎作业，第一次破碎完成后的物料在重力作用下依次掉入第二层破碎机和第三层破碎机进行破碎作业；
    步骤四、经过多级破碎后，将物料输送至物料筛分设备进行筛分入库。
PCT/CN2019/101324 2018-08-19 2019-08-19 一种积木单楼垂直式破碎集成系统及其破碎工艺 WO2020038319A1 (zh)

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