WO2020034665A1 - 接触器的线圈控制电路 - Google Patents

接触器的线圈控制电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020034665A1
WO2020034665A1 PCT/CN2019/084983 CN2019084983W WO2020034665A1 WO 2020034665 A1 WO2020034665 A1 WO 2020034665A1 CN 2019084983 W CN2019084983 W CN 2019084983W WO 2020034665 A1 WO2020034665 A1 WO 2020034665A1
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Prior art keywords
contactor
coil
gate
switching device
mos tube
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PCT/CN2019/084983
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尹向阳
赵庆红
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广州金升阳科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020034665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020034665A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of AC contactors, and in particular to a coil control circuit of a contactor.
  • the electromagnetic control system of a traditional contactor consists of a coil and an iron core.
  • the number of turns of the coil is hundreds or even thousands of turns.
  • the contactor coil is actually an inductor with a large amount of inductance and internal resistance.
  • the amount of inductance of a contactor coil It is on the level of several hundred millihenries to several henries, and the internal resistance is tens of ohms to hundreds of ohms.
  • the entire working process of the contactor coil can be divided into three phases: the suction phase, the holding phase and the shutdown phase. In the pull-in phase, the contactor coil passes a large pull-in current, and the coil generates a large electromagnetic force to close the contactor contact. This process is generally within 200ms.
  • the holding phase is entered.
  • the holding current of the coil is about one-tenth of the holding current. Excessive holding current will increase the coil loss.
  • the stage where the contactor contacts are disconnected is called the off stage, and the current of the coil is consumed before the contactor contacts are disconnected.
  • the contactor coil requires a large current when attracting, and only a small current when attracting.
  • Traditional contactors have no other control elements and can only be limited by the impedance of the coil itself. In order to take into account the large current required for pull-in, the impedance of the coil cannot be designed too large. Therefore, during the holding process of the contactor, the current flowing through the coil is much larger than the actual current required. The excess energy becomes the heat of the coil, which not only wastes energy, but also reduces the reliability of the temperature increase of the coil. In order to solve the problem of large power consumption of traditional contactors, many power-saving circuits of contactors have appeared.
  • the circuit shown in Figure 1 is a common power-saving circuit.
  • the duty cycle of the MOS tube TR1 By adjusting the duty cycle of the MOS tube TR1, the current of the contactor coil 1 can be adjusted. Making the duty cycle of TR1 larger during the pull-in phase and making the duty ratio of TR1 smaller during the hold-up phase allows the contactor coils to achieve high-current pull-in and small-current hold, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving.
  • the diode D1 and the MOS tube TR2 provide a freewheeling circuit of the coil.
  • the MOS tube TR2 is turned on to provide a freewheeling circuit of the contactor coil inductance.
  • the voltage drop of the freewheeling circuit composed of the diode D1 and the MOS tube TR2 is about 0.75V, and the low-impedance freewheeling circuit at the holding stage is beneficial to reduce the loss of the entire circuit.
  • the contactor is off, the coil current needs to be consumed quickly so that the contactor can be quickly turned off.
  • the MOS transistor TR2 is continuously turned off, and at the same time, the MOS transistor TR1 is also continuously and continuously turned off, rapidly consuming the contactor coil current, and the contactor is quickly turned off.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a coil control circuit of a contactor, which can make the contactor quickly turn off, and at the same time, make the loss of the contactor coil in the holding stage smaller.
  • the present invention provides a coil control circuit of a contactor, which includes a freewheeling control circuit and a coil driving circuit.
  • the coil driving circuit includes a MOS tube T1 and a PWM generator U3 driving the MOS tube T1.
  • the drain is connected to the contactor coil and the source of the MOS tube T1 is grounded to control the on and off between the contactor coil and the contactor power supply.
  • the freewheeling control circuit is composed of a bidirectional switching device K1 and a MOS tube T2.
  • the freewheeling tube driving circuit the synchronous control signal of the freewheeling tube driving circuit is provided by the coil driving circuit; during the contactor's suction and holding phase, the two-way switching device K1 of the freewheeling control circuit and the MOS tube T1 of the coil driving circuit
  • the switching states of the two are complementary, that is, when the MOS tube T1 is turned on, the bidirectional switching device K1 is turned off, and the contactor coil stores energy at this time; when the MOS tube T1 is turned off, the bidirectional switching device K1 is turned on, and the bidirectional switching device is turned on.
  • K1 provides a low-impedance freewheeling path for the contactor coil; during the contactor off-time, the MOS tube T1 and the bidirectional switching device K1 are turned off at the same time, which makes the contactor turn off quickly.
  • the freewheeling control circuit includes a bidirectional switching device K1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R3, a MOS tube T2, an AND gate U1, and a non-gate U2.
  • the bidirectional switching device K1 uses an optical MOS relay;
  • the coil driving circuit includes MOS The tube T1, the resistor R2, the capacitor C2, and the PWM generator U3; the connection relationship is: the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1 are respectively drawn as the output terminals of the free-wheeling control circuit for connecting to both ends of the contactor coil;
  • a series network composed of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 in series is connected in parallel to the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1;
  • the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive electrode of the power source VCC through the resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the MOS tube.
  • the drain of T2, the source of MOS tube T2 is connected to the power ground; the gate of MOS tube T2 is connected to the output of AND gate U1; the two input terminals of the AND gate, one is connected to the contactor control signal, and the other is connected to NOT gate U2
  • the output of the NOT gate U2 is connected to the output of the PWM generator U3; the input enable of the PWM generator U3 is connected to the contactor control signal, and the output of the PWM generator U3 is also connected to the end of the resistor R2.
  • R2 The other end is connected to the gate of the MOS tube T1, the source of the MOS tube T1 is connected to the power ground, and the two ends of the capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the gate and the source of the MOS tube T1.
  • the freewheeling control circuit includes a bidirectional switching device K1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R3, a MOS tube T2, an AND gate U1, and a non-gate U2.
  • the bidirectional switching device K1 uses an electromagnetic relay;
  • the coil driving circuit includes a MOS The tube T1, the resistor R2, the capacitor C2, and the PWM generator U3;
  • the connection relationship is: the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1 are respectively drawn as the output terminals of the free-wheeling control circuit for connecting to both ends of the contactor coil;
  • a series network composed of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 connected in series is connected in parallel to the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1;
  • the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive power source VCC through a resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to a MOS tube.
  • the drain of T2, the source of MOS transistor T2 is connected to the power ground, the gate of MOS transistor T2 is connected to the output of AND gate U1, the two input ends of the AND gate, one is connected to the contactor control signal, and one is connected to NOT gate U2
  • the output of the NOT gate U2 is connected to the output of the PWM generator U3; the input enable of the PWM generator U3 is connected to the contactor control signal, and the output of the PWM generator U3 is also connected to the end of the resistor R2.
  • R The other end of 2 is connected to the gate of MOS tube T1, the source of MOS tube T1 is connected to the power ground, and both ends of capacitor C2 are connected to the gate and source of MOS tube T1, respectively.
  • the invention also provides a coil control circuit of a contactor, which includes a freewheeling control circuit and a coil driving circuit.
  • the coil driving circuit includes a MOS tube T1 and a PWM generator U3 driving the MOS tube T1.
  • the drain of the MOS tube T1 is in contact with
  • the coil of the MOS transistor T1 is connected to the ground, and the freewheeling control circuit includes a bidirectional switching device K1, a resistor R3, and a MOS tube T2.
  • connection relationship is as follows: The two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1 are respectively drawn as continuous The output terminal of the flow control circuit is used to connect with both ends of the contactor coil; the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive power source VCC through the resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T2.
  • the source of the MOS tube T2 is connected to the power ground; the gate of the MOS tube T2 is connected to the freewheel driving circuit.
  • the freewheel driving circuit includes an AND gate U1 and an NOT gate U2, two input terminals of the AND gate U1, one connected to a contactor control signal, one connected to an output terminal of the NOT gate U2, and an input of the NOT gate U2.
  • the terminal is connected to the output terminal of the PWM generator U3; the output terminal of the AND gate U1 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor T2.
  • the freewheel driving circuit includes an AND gate U1, an NOT gate U2, a resistor R2, and a capacitor C2, two input terminals of the AND gate U1, one connected to a contactor control signal, and one connected to an output of the NOT gate U2
  • the input of the NOT gate U2 is connected to the output of the PWM generator U3; the output of the PWM generator U3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor T1; the output of the AND gate U1 Connect to the gate of MOS tube T2.
  • the two-way switching device K1 of the freewheeling control circuit adopts an optical MOS relay, and two output ends of the optical MOS relay are respectively led out as output terminals of the freewheeling control circuit for connecting to both ends of the contactor coil;
  • the positive input terminal of the optical MOS relay is connected to the positive electrode of the power source VCC through the resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the optical MOS relay is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T2.
  • the two-way switching device K1 of the freewheeling control circuit adopts an electromagnetic relay, and two output ends of the electromagnetic relay are respectively led out as output terminals of the freewheeling control circuit for connecting to both ends of the contactor coil; the electromagnetic relay The positive input terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the power VCC through the resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the electromagnetic relay is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T2.
  • the freewheeling control circuit further includes a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1, and a series network composed of the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 in series is connected in parallel on two output ends of the bidirectional switching device K1.
  • the present invention uses a low-impedance bidirectional switching device as a freewheeling circuit of a contactor coil instead of a circuit.
  • the freewheeling circuit composed of TR2 and D1 in the prior art solution shown in FIG. 1, the bidirectional switching device may be an optical MOS relay or an electromagnetic relay.
  • the on-resistance of optical MOS relays and electromagnetic relays is in the tens of milliohms level, and their on-voltage drops are about 0.1V. Compared with the existing circuits of TR2 and D1, the on-circuit voltage drops are about 0.75V. With a lower on-resistance, the energy loss is only 1/7 of the contactor's holding phase.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of a contactor power-saving circuit with a fast shutdown function in the prior art
  • FIG. 2A is a circuit block diagram of a coil control circuit of a contactor according to a first embodiment of the present invention
  • 2B is a circuit schematic diagram of a coil control circuit of the contactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of a switch T1, a bidirectional switching device K1, and a contactor status signal in a coil control circuit of the contactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit schematic diagram of a coil control circuit of a contactor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a coil control circuit of a contactor. As shown in FIG. 2A, it includes a freewheeling control circuit FC1, a coil drive circuit FC2, and a contactor coil L, which are composed of a low-impedance bidirectional switch device and a switch control circuit.
  • the free-wheeling control circuit FC1 includes a low-impedance bidirectional switching device K1.
  • the bidirectional switching device may be an optical MOS relay or an electromagnetic relay.
  • the circuit connection relationship of the present invention is that two output terminals (ie, switching poles) of the bidirectional switching device K1 are respectively connected to both ends of the contactor coil L, and the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive pole of the power source through a resistor, The input negative terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to a switching control circuit, and is connected to the power ground through the switching control circuit.
  • the bidirectional switch device and the switch control circuit form a freewheeling control circuit FC1 of the contactor coil.
  • the freewheeling control circuit FC1 receives the contactor control signal Sin and the driving signal of the coil driving circuit FC2 to cooperate with the synchronous action.
  • the coil drive circuit FC2 includes at least one switch T1, one end of the contactor coil L is connected to the positive pole of the contactor power source, the other end of the contactor coil L is connected to one switch pole of the switch T1, and the other switch pole of the switch T1 is connected to Contactor power ground.
  • the coil driving circuit FC2 receives the contactor control signal Sin, and determines whether to output a PWM driving signal to drive the on and off of the control switch T1 according to the polarity of Sin, so as to control the attracting and closing of the contactor.
  • a coil control circuit of a contactor is suitable for controlling a coil of a contactor.
  • the coil control circuit includes a freewheeling control circuit FC1, a coil drive circuit FC2, and a contactor coil L composed of a low-impedance bidirectional switching device and a switch control circuit.
  • the free-wheeling control circuit FC1 includes a low-impedance bidirectional switching device K1.
  • the bidirectional switching device may be an optical MOS relay or an electromagnetic relay.
  • the coil driving circuit FC2 includes at least one switch T1, which is used to control the power on and power off of the contactor coil.
  • the switching state of the switch T1 and the bidirectional switching device K1 are opposite, that is, when the switch T1 is turned on and the bidirectional switching device K1 is turned off, the contactor coil stores energy; when the switch T1 Turning off, the bidirectional switching device K1 is turned on, and K1 provides a low-impedance freewheeling path for the contactor coil to maintain the coil energy.
  • the switch T1 and the bidirectional switch device are turned off at the same time, and the energy stored in the contactor coil is released quickly, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly turning off the contactor.
  • Switch T1, bidirectional switching device K1, and contactor timing diagram are shown in Figure 3.
  • FIG. 2B A first embodiment of a coil control circuit of a contactor of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the invention provides a coil control circuit of a contactor, which includes a freewheeling control circuit FC1, a coil drive circuit FC2, and a contactor coil L, which are composed of a low-impedance bidirectional switch device K1 and a switch control circuit.
  • the freewheeling control circuit FC1 includes a bidirectional switching device K1, a resistor R3, a MOS tube T2, and a freewheeling tube driving circuit that drives the MOS tube T2.
  • the bidirectional switching device K1 is an optical MOS relay;
  • the resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor.
  • the working voltage of the device K1 is selected, and a resistance of 0 ohms can be selected.
  • the freewheeling tube driving circuit is composed of an AND gate U1 and an NOT gate U2.
  • the freewheeling control circuit FC1 may further include an absorption circuit.
  • the absorption circuit is composed of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1.
  • the freewheel driving circuit may further include a delay circuit, and the delay circuit is composed of a resistor R2 and a capacitor C2.
  • the coil driving circuit FC2 includes a MOS tube T1 and a PWM generator U3.
  • connection relationship of the coil control circuit of the contactor of the present invention is: two output ends (ie, switching poles) of the bidirectional switching device K1 are respectively connected to both ends of the contactor coil L, and a series network composed of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel in a bidirectional
  • the two output terminals of the switching device K1 are also connected in parallel to both ends of the contactor coil L;
  • the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive power source VCC through a resistor R3, and the negative input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the MOS tube T2.
  • the drain of the MOS transistor T2 is connected to the power ground.
  • the gate of the MOS transistor T2 is connected to the output terminal of the AND gate U1.
  • the two input terminals of the AND gate are connected to the contactor control signal Sin and the NOT gate.
  • the output of U2, the input of NOT gate U2 is connected to the output of PWM generator U3.
  • the output enable terminal of PWM generator U3 is connected to the contactor control signal Sin
  • the output terminal of PWM generator U3 is connected to one end of resistor R2
  • the other end of resistor R2 is connected to the gate of MOS tube T1
  • one end of contactor coil L is connected to contact
  • the other end of the contactor coil L is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T1
  • the source of the MOS tube T1 is connected to the power source ground
  • the two ends of the capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the gate and source of the MOS tube T1.
  • FIG. 3 shows the timing diagram of the contactor control signal Sin and the MOS tube T1 and the bidirectional switching device K1.
  • Figure 4 shows the contactor control signal Sin and the output voltage VA of the PWM generator U3 and the AND gate U1. Timing diagram of output terminal voltage VB.
  • the control principle of the coil control circuit of the contactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention is described as follows:
  • the contactor control signal Sin is at a low level, the contactor is in an off state.
  • the PWM generator U3 is enabled to output a PWM signal, and the first output of the PWM generator U3 is output.
  • the pulse is a wide pulse to ensure that a large current flows through the contactor coil, to ensure the stable and fast pull-in of the contactor, and then to output a narrow pulse, to maintain the contactor coil at a low current state, in order to reduce the energy consumption during the contactor holding phase. .
  • one input terminal of AND gate U1 is Sin, which is high level.
  • the output VB of AND gate U1 follows the other input terminal, that is, the output of NOT gate U2.
  • the input of the NOT gate U2 is the output VA of the PWM generator U3 (hereinafter referred to as VA), that is, the output VB of the AND gate U1 (hereinafter referred to as VB) is the inversion of the output VA of the PWM generator U3.
  • VA drives on and off of MOS tube T1 through resistor R2 and capacitor C2, and VB drives MOS tube T2 to control on and off of the switching pole of the bidirectional switching device K1.
  • VA is high, VB is low.
  • MOS tube T1 is turned on, bidirectional switching device K1 is turned off, and contactor coil L stores energy.
  • VA low
  • VB high
  • the MOS tube T1 is turned off, the bidirectional switching device K1 is turned on, and the contactor coil L continues to flow through the bidirectional switching device K1 to maintain the coil energy.
  • the resistor R2 and the capacitor C2 constitute a delay circuit to offset the delay of the control circuit of the bidirectional switching device K1, so that the MOS tube T1 and the bidirectional switching device K1 are synchronized in operation.
  • Figure 4 is a timing diagram of control signals such as Sin, VA, VB.
  • FIG. 5 A second embodiment of the coil control circuit of the contactor of the present invention is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the present invention provides a coil control circuit of a contactor. As shown in FIG. 5, it includes a freewheeling control circuit FC1, a coil drive circuit FC2, and a contactor coil L, which are composed of a low-impedance bidirectional switch device K1 and a switch control circuit.
  • the free-wheeling control circuit FC1 includes a bidirectional switching device K1, a resistor R1, a capacitor C1, a resistor R3, a MOS tube T2, an AND gate U1, and a non-gate U2.
  • the bidirectional switching device K1 is an electromagnetic relay.
  • the coil driving circuit FC2 includes a MOS tube T1, a resistor R2, a capacitor C2, and a PWM generator U3.
  • connection relationship is: the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1 are connected to the two ends of the contactor coil L respectively, and a series network composed of a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the two output terminals of the bidirectional switching device K1 and also in parallel.
  • the positive input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the positive pole of the power source VCC through the resistor R3
  • the negative input terminal of the bidirectional switching device K1 is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T2
  • the source of the MOS tube T2 is connected to the power source
  • the gate of the MOS transistor T2 is connected to the output of the AND gate U1.
  • the two inputs of the AND gate are connected to the contactor control signal Sin, the output of the NOT gate U2, and the input of the NOT gate U2.
  • the input enable terminal of the PWM generator U3 is connected to the contactor control signal Sin.
  • the output terminal of U3 is also connected to one end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the gate of the MOS tube T1.
  • One end of the contactor coil L is connected to the contactor power supply. VPP, the other end of the contactor coil L is connected to the drain of the MOS tube T1, the source of the MOS tube T1 is connected to the power ground, and both ends of the capacitor C2 are respectively connected to the gate and the source of the MOS tube T1.
  • the control method of the coil control circuit of the contactor according to the second embodiment of the present invention is the same as that of the first embodiment.
  • the coil control circuit of the contactor of the present invention uses a low-impedance bidirectional switching device as a freewheeling circuit of the contactor coil instead of a freewheeling circuit composed of the MOS tube TR2 and the diode D1 in the existing circuit shown in FIG.
  • the device can be an optical MOS relay or an electromagnetic relay.
  • the on-resistance of the optical MOS relay and the electromagnetic relay is in the tens of milliohms level.
  • the MOS tube TR2 and the diode D1 constitute a free-wheeling circuit of about 0.75V.
  • the voltage drop, the solution of the present invention can further reduce the on-resistance. In the holding stage of the contactor, the energy loss is only 1/7 of that.

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Abstract

一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括续流控制电路和线圈驱动电路，线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1和驱动MOS管T1的PWM发生器U3，MOS管T1的漏极与接触器线圈连接，MOS管T1的源极接地，以控制接触器线圈与接触器电源之间的导通与关断；续流控制电路，由双向开关器件K1、MOS管T2及续流管驱动电路组成，续流管驱动电路的同步控制信号由线圈驱动电路提供；在接触器吸合与吸持阶段，续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1与线圈驱动电路的MOS管T1的开关状态为互补关系，即当MOS管T1导通时，双向开关器件K1关断，此时接触器线圈储能；当MOS管T1关断时，双向开关器件K1导通，通过双向开关器件K1为接触器线圈提供低阻抗的续流通路。该接触器的线圈控制电路在使接触器可以快速关断的同时，使得接触器线圈在吸持阶段的损耗更小。

Description

接触器的线圈控制电路 技术领域
本发明涉及交流接触器领域，具体涉及接触器的线圈控制电路。
背景技术
传统接触器的电磁控制系统由线圈和铁芯组成，线圈的匝数多大几百甚至上千圈，接触器线圈实际上就是一个感量和内阻很大的电感，通常接触器线圈的感量是几百毫亨到几亨的级别，内阻有几十欧姆到几百欧姆。接触器线圈的整个工作过程可以分为三个阶段：吸合阶段、吸持阶段和关断阶段。在吸合阶段，接触器线圈通过较大的吸合电流，线圈产生较大的电磁力使得接触器触头闭合，该过程一般在200ms以内。当接触器触头吸合后，就进入了吸持阶段，在这个阶段线圈的吸持电流约为吸合电流的十分之一，过大的吸持电流会使线圈的损耗增大。而接触器触头断开的阶段称为关断阶段，线圈的电流被消耗掉接触器触头才会断开。接触器线圈在吸合时需要大电流，而在吸持时仅需较小的电流。传统的接触器无其他控制元件，只能通过线圈本身的阻抗来限流。为了兼顾吸合所需的大电流，线圈的阻抗不能设计得太大。所以在接触器吸持过程中，线圈流过的电流远大于实际需要的电流，多余的能量变成的线圈的热量，不仅浪费能源，而且也会使线圈的温度升高可靠性降低。为了解决传统接触器功耗大的问题，出现了很多接触器的节电电路。
如图1的电路就是一种常见的节电电路，通过调节MOS管TR1的占空比，就可调节接触器线圈1的电流。在吸合阶段让TR1的占空比较大，在吸持阶段让TR1的占空比较小，就可以让接触器线圈实现大电流吸合小电流吸持，从而达到节能的效果。在该电路中，二极管D1、MOS管TR2提供线圈的续流回路，在接触器吸持阶段，当MOS管TR1处于关断状态时，MOS管TR2导通，提供接触器线圈电感的续流回路，此时二极管D1、MOS管TR2组成的续流回路压降约0.75V，吸持阶段的低阻抗续流回路有利于减小整个电路的损耗。当在接触器关断阶段时，需要快速消耗线圈的电流，让接触器可以迅速关断。接触器关断阶段，MOS管TR2持续关断，同时MOS管TR1也同步持续关断，迅速消耗接触器线圈电流，使得接 触器快速关断。
发明内容
本发明目的是，提出一种接触器的线圈控制电路，在使接触器可以快速关断的同时，使得接触器线圈在吸持阶段的损耗更小。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括续流控制电路和线圈驱动电路，线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1和驱动MOS管T1的PWM发生器U3，MOS管T1的漏极与接触器线圈连接，MOS管T1的源极接地，以控制接触器线圈与接触器电源之间的导通与关断，所述续流控制电路，由双向开关器件K1、MOS管T2及续流管驱动电路组成，续流管驱动电路的同步控制信号由线圈驱动电路提供；在接触器吸合与吸持阶段，续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1与线圈驱动电路的MOS管T1的开关状态为互补关系，即当MOS管T1导通时，双向开关器件K1关断，此时接触器线圈储能；当MOS管T1关断时，双向开关器件K1导通，通过双向开关器件K1为接触器线圈提供低阻抗的续流通路；在接触器关断阶段，MOS管T1与双向开关器件K1同时关断，使得接触器快速关断。
优选的,所述续流控制电路包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R1、电容C1、电阻R3、MOS管T2、与门U1和非门U2，双向开关器件K1采用光MOS继电器；线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1、电阻R2、电容C2和PWM发生器U3；其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地；MOS管T2的栅极连接与门U1的输出端；与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输入使能端连接接触器控制信号，PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
优选的,所述续流控制电路包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R1、电容C1、电阻 R3、MOS管T2、与门U1、和非门U2，双向开关器件K1采用电磁继电器；线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1、电阻R2、电容C2和PWM发生器U3；其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地，MOS管T2的栅极连接与门U1的输出端，与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输入使能端连接接触器控制信号，PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
本发明还提供一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括续流控制电路和线圈驱动电路，线圈驱动电路，包括MOS管T1和驱动MOS管T1的PWM发生器U3，MOS管T1的漏极与接触器线圈连接，MOS管T1的源极接地，所述续流控制电路，包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R3和MOS管T2，其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地；MOS管T2的栅极连接续流管驱动电路。
优选的,所述续流管驱动电路，包括与门U1和非门U2，与门U1的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；与门U1的输出端与MOS管T2的栅极连接。
优选的,所述续流管驱动电路，包括与门U1、非门U2、电阻R2和电容C2，与门U1的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极；与门U1的输出端连接MOS管T2的栅极。
优选的,所述续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1，采用光MOS继电器，光MOS继电器的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；光MOS继电器的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，光MOS继电器的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极。
优选的,所述续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1，采用电磁继电器，电磁继电器的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电磁继电器的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，电磁继电器的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极。
优选的,所述续流控制电路，还包括电阻R1和电容C1，电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上。
本发明采用低阻抗的双向开关器件作为接触器线圈的续流回路代替电路图1所示现有技术方案中的TR2和D1组成的续流回路，该双向开关器件可以是光MOS继电器或电磁继电器，光MOS继电器和电磁继电器的导通电阻在几十毫欧级别，其导通压降约0.1V，相比现有电路的TR2和D1组成的续流回路导通压降约0.75V，本发明有着更低的导通阻抗，在接触器的吸持阶段，能量损耗仅为其1/7。
附图说明
图1为现有技术带快速关断功能的接触器节电电路的电路原理图；
图2A为本发明第一实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的电路原理框图；
图2B为本发明第一实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的电路原理图；
图3为本发明第一实施例接触器的线圈控制电路中开关T1、双向开关器件K1以及接触器状态信号的时序图；
图4为本发明第一实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的控制信号时序图；
图5为本发明第二实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的电路原理图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种接触器的线圈控制电路，如图2A所示，包括由低阻抗的双向开关器件及开关控制电路组成的续流控制电路FC1、线圈驱动电路FC2和接触器线圈L。续流控制电路FC1包括一个低阻抗的双向开关器件K1，该双向开关器件可以是光MOS继电器或电磁继电器。本发明的电路连接关系为：所述的双向开 关器件K1的两个输出端(即开关极)分别与接触器线圈L的两端相连，双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻连接电源正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接开关控制电路，通过开关控制电路连接到电源地。双向开关器件与开关控制电路组成接触器线圈的续流控制电路FC1。续流控制电路FC1接收接触器控制信号Sin和线圈驱动电路FC2的驱动信号，以配合同步动作。另外的，线圈驱动电路FC2包含至少一个开关T1，接触器线圈L的一端与接触器电源正极相连，接触器线圈L的另一端连接开关T1的一个开关极，开关T1的另一个开关极连接到接触器电源地。线圈驱动电路FC2接收接触器控制信号Sin，根据Sin的极性来判断是否输出PWM驱动信号以驱动控制开关T1的导通与关断，从而控制接触器的吸合与关断。
具体而言，一种接触器的线圈控制电路，适用于控制接触器的线圈，包括由低阻抗的双向开关器件及开关控制电路组成的续流控制电路FC1、线圈驱动电路FC2和接触器线圈L。续流控制电路FC1包括一个低阻抗的双向开关器件K1，该双向开关器件可以是光MOS继电器或电磁继电器。线圈驱动电路FC2包含至少一个开关T1，用于控制接触器线圈的通电与断电。当接触器吸合与吸持阶段，开关T1与双向开关器件K1的开关状态为相反的状态，即当开关T1导通，双向开关器件K1关断，此时接触器线圈储能；当开关T1关断，双向开关器件K1导通，K1为接触器线圈提供低阻抗的续流通路，以保持线圈能量。在接触器关断阶段，开关T1与双向开关器件同时关断，接触器线圈储能快速释放，达到接触器快速关断的目的。开关T1、双向开关器件K1、以及接触器状态时序图如图3所示。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进一步详细说明。
第一实施例
本发明接触器的线圈控制电路的第一实施例如图2B所示。本发明提供一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括由低阻抗的双向开关器件K1及开关控制电路组成的续流控制电路FC1、线圈驱动电路FC2和接触器线圈L。续流控制电路FC1包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R3、MOS管T2及驱动MOS管T2的续流管驱动电路，其中，双向开关器件K1为光MOS继电器；电阻R3为限流电阻，依双向开关器件 K1的工作电压来选取，可以选用0欧的电阻；续流管驱动电路由与门U1和非门U2构成；续流控制电路FC1还可包括吸收电路，吸收电路由电阻R1和电容C1构成。为抵消双向开关K1控制电路的延时，续流管驱动电路还可包括延时电路，延时电路由电阻R2和电容C2构成。线圈驱动电路FC2包括MOS管T1和PWM发生器U3。
本发明接触器的线圈控制电路的连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端(即开关极)分别与接触器线圈L的两端相连，电阻R1与电容C1组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上，同时也并联在接触器线圈L的两端；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地，MOS管T2的栅极与与门U1的输出端相连，与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号Sin，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端。PWM发生器U3的输出使能端连接接触器控制信号Sin，PWM发生器U3的输出端连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极，接触器线圈L的一端连接接触器电源VPP，接触器线圈L的另一端连接MOS管T1的漏极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
如图3所示为接触器控制信号Sin与MOS管T1、双向开关器件K1的时序图，如图4所示为接触器控制信号Sin与PWM发生器U3的输出端电压VA、与门U1的输出端电压VB的时序图。本发明第一实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的控制原理说明如下：
1、接触器控制信号Sin为低电平时，接触器处于关断状态，当Sin由低电平变为高电平，使能PWM发生器U3输出PWM信号，PWM发生器U3输出的第一个脉冲为一个宽脉冲，以保证接触器线圈流过大电流，保证接触器的稳定快速吸合，后续输出窄脉冲，维持接触器线圈在一个小电流状态，以降低接触器吸持阶段的能耗。
2、当Sin由低电平变为高电平，与门U1的一个输入端为Sin，为高电平，与门U1的输出VB跟随其另一个输入端，即非门U2的输出。非门U2的输入为 PWM发生器U3的输出VA(以下简称为VA)，即此时与门U1的输出VB(以下简称为VB)为PWM发生器U3输出VA的反相。VA通过电阻R2、电容C2驱动MOS管T1的导通与关断，VB驱动MOS管T2，控制双向开关器件K1开关极的导通与关断。当VA为高电平时，VB为低电平，此时MOS管T1导通，双向开关器件K1关断，接触器线圈L储能；当VA为低电平时，VB为高电平，此时MOS管T1关断，双向开关器件K1导通，接触器线圈L通过双向开关器件K1续流，以保持线圈能量。其中电阻R2、电容C2组成延时电路，以抵消双向开关器件K1控制电路的时延，使得MOS管T1、双向开关器件K1动作同步。
3、当Sin由高电平变为低电平，与门U1的一个输入端为Sin，为低电平，无论其另一个输入端为何种电平，与门U1的输出VB都输出低电平，此时PWM发生器U3被禁止输出，VA输出低电平，此时MOS管T1关断，同时双向开关器件K1关断，接触器线圈L的能量快速释放，接触器迅速关断。其中电阻R1、电容C1组成的吸收电路能防止双向开关器件K1、MOS管T1两端产生过高的电压而被损坏。
4、图4为Sin、VA、VB等控制信号的时序图。
第二实施例
本发明接触器的线圈控制电路的第二实施例如图5所示。本发明提供一种接触器的线圈控制电路，如图5所示，包括由低阻抗的双向开关器件K1及开关控制电路组成的续流控制电路FC1、线圈驱动电路FC2和接触器线圈L。续流控制电路FC1包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R1、电容C1、电阻R3、MOS管T2、与门U1和非门U2，其中，双向开关器件K1为电磁继电器。线圈驱动电路FC2包括MOS管T1、电阻R2、电容C2和PWM发生器U3。
其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别与接触器线圈L的两端相连，电阻R1与电容C1组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上，同时也并联在接触器线圈L的两端；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地，MOS管T2的栅极与与门U1的输出端相连，与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号Sin，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门 U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端。PWM发生器U3的输入使能端连接接触器控制信号Sin，U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极；接触器线圈L的一端连接接触器电源VPP，接触器线圈L的另一端连接MOS管T1的漏极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
本发明第二实施例接触器的线圈控制电路的控制方法与第一实施例相同。
本发明接触器的线圈控制电路，采用低阻抗的双向开关器件作为接触器线圈的续流回路代替如图1所示现有电路中的MOS管TR2和二极管D1组成的续流回路，该双向开关器件可以是光MOS继电器或电磁继电器，光MOS继电器和电磁继电器的导通电阻在几十毫欧级别，相比现有电路的MOS管TR2和二极管D1组成的续流回路的约0.75V的导通压降，本发明方案可更进一步地降低导通阻抗，在接触器的吸持阶段，能量损耗仅为其1/7。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出的是，上述优选实施方式不应视为对本发明的限制，本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括续流控制电路和线圈驱动电路，线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1和驱动MOS管T1的PWM发生器U3，MOS管T1的漏极与接触器线圈连接，MOS管T1的源极接地，其特征在于：
    所述续流控制电路，由双向开关器件K1、MOS管T2及续流管驱动电路组成，续流管驱动电路的同步控制信号由线圈驱动电路提供；
    在接触器吸合与吸持阶段，续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1与线圈驱动电路的MOS管T1的开关状态为互补关系，即当MOS管T1导通时，双向开关器件K1关断，此时接触器线圈储能；当MOS管T1关断时，双向开关器件K1导通，通过双向开关器件K1为接触器线圈提供低阻抗的续流通路；
    在接触器关断阶段，MOS管T1与双向开关器件K1同时关断，使得接触器快速关断。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流控制电路包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R1、电容C1、电阻R3、MOS管T2、与门U1和非门U2，双向开关器件K1采用光MOS继电器；线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1、电阻R2、电容C2和PWM发生器U3；
    其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地；MOS管T2的栅极连接与门U1的输出端；与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输入使能端连接接触器控制信号，PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流 控制电路包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R1、电容C1、电阻R3、MOS管T2、与门U1、和非门U2，双向开关器件K1采用电磁继电器；线圈驱动电路包括MOS管T1、电阻R2、电容C2和PWM发生器U3；
    其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地，MOS管T2的栅极连接与门U1的输出端，与门的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输入使能端连接接触器控制信号，PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极，MOS管T1的源极连接电源地，电容C2的两端分别连接在MOS管T1的栅极与源极。
  4. 一种接触器的线圈控制电路，包括续流控制电路和线圈驱动电路，线圈驱动电路，包括MOS管T1和驱动MOS管T1的PWM发生器U3，MOS管T1的漏极与接触器线圈连接，MOS管T1的源极接地，其特征在于：
    所述续流控制电路，包括双向开关器件K1、电阻R3和MOS管T2，其连接关系为：双向开关器件K1的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；双向开关器件K1的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，双向开关器件K1的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极，MOS管T2的源极连接到电源地；MOS管T2由续流管驱动电路驱动。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流管驱动电路，包括与门U1和非门U2，与门U1的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到PWM发生器U3的输出端；与门U1的输出端与MOS管T2的栅极连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流管驱动电路，包括与门U1、非门U2、电阻R2和电容C2，与门U1的两个输入端，一个连接接触器控制信号，一个连接非门U2的输出端，非门U2的输入端连接到 PWM发生器U3的输出端；PWM发生器U3的输出端还连接电阻R2的一端，电阻R2的另一端连接MOS管T1的栅极；与门U1的输出端连接MOS管T2的栅极。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1，采用光MOS继电器，光MOS继电器的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；光MOS继电器的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，光MOS继电器的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流控制电路的双向开关器件K1，采用电磁继电器，电磁继电器的两个输出端分别引出作为续流控制电路的输出端，用于与接触器线圈的两端相连；电磁继电器的输入正端通过电阻R3连接电源VCC正极，电磁继电器的输入负端连接MOS管T2的漏极。
  9. 根据权利要求4至8中任一项所述的接触器的线圈控制电路，其特征在于：所述续流控制电路，还包括电阻R1和电容C1，电阻R1与电容C1串联组成的串联网络并联在双向开关器件K1的两个输出端上。
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