WO2020024522A1 - 发声装置及便携终端 - Google Patents

发声装置及便携终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024522A1
WO2020024522A1 PCT/CN2018/121125 CN2018121125W WO2020024522A1 WO 2020024522 A1 WO2020024522 A1 WO 2020024522A1 CN 2018121125 W CN2018121125 W CN 2018121125W WO 2020024522 A1 WO2020024522 A1 WO 2020024522A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration
generating device
side wall
sound generating
speaker unit
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PCT/CN2018/121125
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蔡晓东
李军
马江羽
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020024522A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024522A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustics, and in particular to a sound generating device and a portable terminal.
  • the existing sound generating device When the existing sound generating device is applied to a portable terminal such as a mobile phone, tablet, or notebook computer, in order to achieve stereo sound, it needs to be applied to an environment with an open back cavity, that is, the inner cavity of the portable terminal is used as the back cavity; In the stereo mode, the speaker unit of the sound generating device generates strong vibration, and part of the vibration energy may cause excessive vibration of the portable terminal to be applied, thereby reducing the user application experience.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a sound generating device, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing sound generating device may cause excessive vibration of a portable terminal in a stereo mode.
  • the sound generating device provided by the present invention includes:
  • the speaker unit includes a housing, a vibration system, and a magnetic circuit system
  • a rear acoustic cavity is formed between the diaphragm of the vibration system and the magnetic yoke of the magnetic circuit system, and an internal leakage hole communicating with the rear acoustic cavity is provided on the housing;
  • the vibration damping unit includes a box body, and the box body further has a vibration damping channel having an inlet in butt communication with the internal leakage hole and an outlet in butt communication with the external leakage hole.
  • the damping passage has an inner wall surface that connects the inlet and the outlet of the damping passage with a curved path.
  • the box body is located at a lateral periphery of the speaker unit.
  • the box body includes a bottom wall parallel to the diaphragm, a plurality of side walls respectively extending from opposite sides of the bottom wall to the same side of the bottom wall, and covering the two sides.
  • the vibration reduction unit further includes a partition plate disposed between the bottom wall and the top wall; the partition plate and the box body surround to form the vibration reduction channel.
  • the side wall includes a first side wall opposite to the speaker unit, and two opposite second side walls located between the first side wall and the speaker unit.
  • a plurality of the partitions are provided, the plurality of partitions are respectively formed to extend from the inner wall surfaces of the two second side walls, and the plurality of the partitions face the speaker unit on the first side wall. Set the staggered interval in the direction of.
  • an outlet of the damping passage is formed on the second side wall, and the external leakage hole is in a grid shape.
  • At least one partition is provided, the partition is formed from the first side wall to the speaker unit, and the partition is formed between the partition and the adjacent second side wall. Vibration channel
  • a cross section of the damping passage changes in size.
  • the vibration damping passage is also formed between any two adjacent ones of the partition plates.
  • the partition includes a plurality of first partitions and a plurality of second partitions that are alternately connected end to end;
  • An extension direction of the first partition portion is parallel to the second side wall, and an extension direction of the second partition portion is parallel to the first side wall;
  • a plurality of the second partitions are arranged in sequence at intervals;
  • Any two adjacent first partitions are staggered in a direction from one of the second side walls toward the other of the second side walls.
  • an outlet of the damping passage is formed on the first side wall, and the external leakage hole is in a grid shape.
  • the housing includes a front cover and a frame body, the front cover covers the frame body and surrounds the frame body to form a receiving cavity, and the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are located in the receiving cavity.
  • the bottom wall, the side wall and the partition are integrally provided with the frame.
  • the vibration damping unit is provided with two and is located on two opposite sides of the speaker unit, and the casing is provided with the inner leakage hole corresponding to the two box bodies, respectively.
  • the vibration reduction unit further includes a sound absorbing material filled in the vibration reduction channel.
  • the present invention also provides a portable terminal including a housing, the housing having an accommodation cavity inside, the portable terminal further includes the sound generating device, the sound generating device is installed in the accommodation cavity, and the housing is provided with a corresponding An acoustic hole provided by a diaphragm of the vibration system, and the accommodating cavity has an expansion cavity communicating with the external leakage hole;
  • the sound generating device includes a speaker unit and a vibration reduction unit;
  • the speaker unit includes a housing, a vibration system, and a magnetic circuit system
  • a rear acoustic cavity is formed between the diaphragm of the vibration system and the magnetic yoke of the magnetic circuit system, and an internal leakage hole communicating with the rear acoustic cavity is provided on the housing;
  • the vibration damping unit includes a box body, which is provided with an external leakage hole, and the box body also has a vibration damping channel, the vibration damping channel has an inlet that is in butt communication with the internal leakage hole, and is The external leakage hole is butt-connected with an outlet, and the damping passage has an inner wall surface that connects the inlet and the outlet of the damping passage with a curved path.
  • the damping channel is designed to have an inner wall surface that connects the inlet and the outlet of the damping channel with a curved path. In this way, the airflow propagating through the damping channel will change its direction many times when entering the open rear cavity
  • the vibration damping channel itself can also absorb the energy of air vibrations in it, in combination with the effect of attenuating the energy of the airflow propagated by air vibrations in the vibration damping channels, thereby reducing the sound vibration energy transmitted to the open rear cavity , Thereby ensuring that the applied portable terminal is prevented from generating excessive vibration.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a sound generating device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound generating device in FIG. 1 after the top wall of the box body is removed;
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view at A in FIG. 2; FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a sound generating device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the sound generating device in FIG. 4 after the top wall of the box body is removed;
  • FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a portion B in FIG. 5.
  • 100a sound generating device; 100b: sound generating device; 1: speaker unit; 11: internal leakage hole; 12: front cover; 13: frame; 121: diaphragm; 2a: vibration damping unit; 21a: box; 211a: outer Leak hole; 212a: damping passage; 213: bottom wall; 214: first side wall; 215: second side wall; 214: top wall; 22a: partition; 2b: damping unit; 21b: box; 211b : External leakage hole; 212b, 213b: vibration damping passage; 22b: partition;
  • the directional indication is only used to explain in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings) (Shown) the relative positional relationship and movement of each component, etc., if the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will change accordingly.
  • the invention provides a sound generating device.
  • the sound generating device (100a, 100b) includes:
  • the speaker unit 1 includes a housing, a vibration system, and a magnetic circuit system (all of which are not marked);
  • a rear acoustic cavity (not shown) is formed between the diaphragm 121 of the vibration system and a magnetic yoke (not shown) of the magnetic circuit system, and an inner leakage hole 11 is provided on the housing to communicate with the rear acoustic cavity;
  • the vibration damping unit (2a, 2b) includes a box body (21a, 21b).
  • the box body (21a, 21b) is provided with an external leakage hole (211a, 211b).
  • the box body (21a, 21b) also has a vibration damping channel (212a).
  • the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) has an inlet butt communicating with the internal leakage hole 11, and the outlet with the external leak hole (211a, 211b) butt communicating, the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) has a curved path
  • the shell is similar to the box body (21a, 21b), and both are used to provide a receiving space and a supporting function.
  • the shell can be used to support a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system. 21b) It can be installed as a whole or separately.
  • Both the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system can refer to the existing form.
  • the voice coil of the vibration system is connected to the diaphragm 121 of the vibration system.
  • the voice coil extends into the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the magnitude of the ampere vibrates, and the voice coil vibration drives the diaphragm 121 to vibrate.
  • the energy conversion method is electric energy-mechanical energy-acoustic energy.
  • the vibration system may further include a weight.
  • the magnetic circuit system may be a single magnetic circuit system, a dual magnetic circuit system, etc.
  • the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit system is formed between the side magnetic circuit portion and the center magnetic circuit portion.
  • the side magnetic circuit portion and the center magnetic circuit portion At least one of them includes a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetically conductive yoke can be either a simple flat plate shape or a basin shape with side walls.
  • a mesh cloth may be provided at the inner leak hole 11 and the outer leak holes (211a, 211b).
  • the structural forms of the inner leakage hole 11 and the outer leakage hole it may be a single through hole or multiple through holes, such as in a grid shape.
  • the vibration reduction channels (212a, 212b) have a plurality of inner wall surfaces extending in parallel, at least one inner wall surface follows a curved path.
  • the cross section of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) may be a structure that is constant or changing along its extension path.
  • the box body (21a, 21b) is provided with an equal-section elbow to enclose the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b). In this way, the same can be achieved by the air vibration propagating airflow changing and reflecting multiple times. Then the effect of vibration energy attenuation is achieved.
  • the sound generating device (100a, 100b) of the present invention is designed by designing the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) to have an inner wall surface that connects the inlet and outlet of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) with a curved path.
  • the damping channel (212a, 212b) itself can absorb the energy of air vibration in it, which combined to reduce the The damping effect of the airflow energy propagated by air vibrations in the vibration channels (212a, 212b) reduces the sound vibration energy transmitted to the open rear cavity, thereby ensuring that the applied portable terminal is prevented from generating excessive vibration.
  • the boxes (21a, 21b) are located at the lateral periphery of the speaker unit 1. In this way, it is beneficial to reduce the thickness of the sound generating device (100a, 100b), so that the sound generating device (100a, 100b) of this embodiment can be adapted to a flat installation space, such as the inner cavity of a mobile phone.
  • the box body (21a, 21b) includes a bottom wall 213 parallel to the diaphragm 121, two side walls extending from opposite sides of the bottom wall 213 to the same side of the bottom wall 213, and covering the sides
  • the vibration damping unit (2a, 2b) further includes a partition (22a, 22b) disposed between the bottom wall 213 and the top wall 214;
  • the partition (22a, 22b) and the box body (21a, 21b) Enclose to form a damping channel (212a, 212b).
  • the damping channel (212a, 212b) formed by the thin-walled structure of the box body (21a, 21b) and the partition plate (22a, 22b) is compact, and because the box body (21a, 21b) is relatively The regular block shape, and the bottom wall 213 is parallel to the diaphragm 121, so that the thickness of the vibration reduction unit (2a, 2b) is smaller, and the adaptability to the flat-shaped installation space is higher.
  • the side wall includes a first side wall 214 opposite to the speaker unit 1, and two opposite second side walls 215 located between the first side wall 214 and the speaker unit 1.
  • the three-side structure of the side wall can facilitate the butt communication between the box body (21a, 21b) and the inner leakage hole 11 of the speaker unit 1, and also facilitate the installation space in a rectangular block shape. In this way, the space utilization after installation is higher.
  • a plurality of partition plates (22a, 22b) are provided, and the plurality of partition plates (22a, 22b) are respectively provided from the two second side walls 215.
  • the inner wall surfaces are formed to extend opposite to each other, and a plurality of partition plates (22a, 22b) are arranged at staggered intervals in a direction in which the first side wall 214 faces the speaker unit 1.
  • the vibration damping channels (212a, 212b) can be conveniently formed in the box body (21a, 21b), which is especially suitable for large-scale process production.
  • the propagating airflow of the vibrating air needs to be changed many times around the partitions (22a, 22b), and a part of the energy of the vibrating air is also absorbed by the partitions (22a, 22b).
  • the outlet of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) is formed on the second side wall 215, so that the length of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) itself is relatively long, that is, the airflow that prolongs the propagation of air vibration is
  • the damping passages (212a, 212b) stay in the longer time; and the external leakage holes (211a, 211b) are in the shape of a grid, which is conducive to the air to spread to the open rear cavity in a more dispersed and uniform manner.
  • At least one partition plate (22a, 22b) is provided, and the partition plate (22a, 22b) faces the speaker unit 1 from the first side wall 214. It is extended to form a damping channel (212a, 212b) between the partition (22a, 22b) and the adjacent second side wall 215; in a direction in which the first side wall 214 faces the speaker unit 1, the damping channel (212a, The cross section of 212b) varies in size.
  • a plurality of partition plates (22a, 22b) are provided, and a vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) is also formed between any two adjacent partition plates (22a, 22b).
  • a vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) is also formed between any two adjacent partition plates (22a, 22b).
  • the types of the vibration damping channels (212a, 212b) can be increased, thereby improving Effect of energy attenuation on sound of different frequencies.
  • the partition (22a, 22b) includes a plurality of first partitions connected end to end and A plurality of second partitions;
  • An extension direction of the first partition portion is parallel to the second side wall 215, and an extension direction of the second partition portion is parallel to the first side wall 214;
  • a plurality of the second partitions are arranged in sequence at intervals;
  • Any two adjacent first partitions are staggered in a direction from one of the second side walls 215 toward the other of the second side walls 215.
  • the exit of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) is formed on the first side wall 214.
  • the length of the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b) itself can be relatively long, that is, the propagation of air vibration is prolonged.
  • the airflow stays in the damping passages (212a, 212b) for a long time; and the external leakage holes (211a, 211b) are in the shape of a grid, which is conducive to the air being dispersed and evenly spread to the open rear cavity.
  • the housing includes a front cover 12 and a frame body 13, the front cover 12 covers the frame body 13 and surrounds the frame body 13 to form a receiving cavity (not shown).
  • the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are located in the receiving cavity.
  • the wall 213, the side wall and the partition (22a, 22b) are integrally provided with the frame body 13.
  • the separate housing arrangement can facilitate the installation of components in the housing, while the bottom wall 213 and side walls of the box body (21a, 21b) are integrated to reduce the number of components and
  • the inner cavity of the box body (21a, 21b) is formed; in addition, a part of the structure of the box body (21a, 21b) is integrally provided with the frame body 13, which can further reduce the number of parts and facilitate assembly.
  • the vibration damping units (2a, 2b) are provided with two and are located on opposite sides of the speaker unit 1, respectively, and the casings corresponding to the two boxes (21a, 21b) are respectively provided with internal leakage holes 11.
  • the external shape of the sound generating device (100a, 100b) is formed into a long shape, which avoids occupying too much space in multiple dimensions.
  • the outer contour of the front view of the speaker unit 1 and the box body (21a, 21b) is rectangular.
  • the vibration damping unit (2a, 2b) further includes a sound absorbing material (not shown) filled in the vibration damping channel (212a, 212b).
  • the sound absorbing material may be a material that can attenuate air vibration energy, such as loose and porous fibers, foam particles, zeolite, and activated carbon.
  • simply setting the sound-absorbing material is resistive vibration damping, and simply setting the curved inner wall surface for emission filtering is resistant vibration damping.
  • an impedance composite damping structure can be formed, thereby obtaining a better full-frequency attenuation effect.
  • a mesh cloth may be provided at the inner leakage hole 11 and the outer leakage hole (211a, 211b).
  • the structural forms of the internal leakage hole 11 and the external leakage hole it may be a single through hole or multiple through holes.
  • the external leakage holes (211a, 211b) have a grid shape.
  • the present invention also proposes a portable terminal (not shown), which includes a housing, and the housing has an accommodation cavity therein.
  • the portable terminal further includes a sound generating device (100a, 100b).
  • a sound generating device 100a, 100b.
  • the portable terminal adopts all the technical solutions of all the embodiments described above, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated one by one here.
  • the sound generating device (100a, 100b) is installed in the containing cavity, and the housing is provided with a sound hole corresponding to the diaphragm 121 of the vibration system, and the containing cavity has an expansion cavity communicating with the external leakage holes (211a, 211b).

Abstract

本发明公开一种发声装置及便携终端，其中，发声装置包括：扬声器单元及减振单元；其中，所述扬声器单元包括壳体、振动系统及磁路系统；所述振动系统的振膜与磁路系统的导磁轭之间形成后声腔，所述壳体上设有与所述后声腔连通的内泄漏孔；所述减振单元包括盒体，所述盒体上开设有外泄漏孔，所述盒体还具有减振通道，所述减震通道具有与所述内泄漏孔对接连通的入口，以及与所述外泄漏孔对接连通的出口，所述减振通道具有以弯曲的路径连接所述减振通道入口及出口的内壁面。本发明发声装置空气振动传播的气流在通过减振通道进入开放后腔时会产生多次变向与反射，可以保证避免被应用的便携终端产生过大的振动。

Description

发声装置及便携终端 技术领域
本发明涉及电声技术领域，特别涉及一种发声装置及便携终端。
背景技术
现有的发声装置在应用于便携终端例如手机、平板电脑或笔记本电脑等产品时，为了实现立体声，需要应用于开放后腔的环境下，即使用便携终端的内腔作为后腔；然后，由于立体声模式下，发声装置的扬声器单元的会产生较强的振动，其中部分振动能量会导致被应用的便携终端产生过大的振动，从而降低了用户应用体验。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种发声装置，旨在解决现有的发声装置在立体声模式下会导致被应用的便携终端振动过大的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的发声装置，包括：
扬声器单元及减振单元；其中，
所述扬声器单元包括壳体、振动系统及磁路系统；
所述振动系统的振膜与磁路系统的导磁轭之间形成后声腔，所述壳体上设有与所述后声腔连通的内泄漏孔；
所述减振单元包括盒体，所述盒体还具有减振通道，所述减震通道具有与所述内泄漏孔对接连通的入口，以及与所述外泄漏孔对接连通的出口，所述减振通道具有以弯曲的路径连接所述减振通道入口及出口的内壁面。
优选地，所述盒体位于所述扬声器单元的侧向外围。
优选地，所述盒体包括平行于所述振膜的底壁，分别自所述底壁的相对两侧边向所述底壁的同一侧延伸的量侧壁，以及盖合在两所述侧壁上的顶壁；
所述减振单元还包括设置在所述底壁及顶壁之间的隔板；所述隔板与所述盒体围合形成所述减振通道。
优选地，所述侧壁包括与所述扬声器单元相对的第一侧壁，以及位于所述第一侧壁与所述扬声器单元之间的两相对的第二侧壁。
优选地，所述隔板设置有多个，多个隔板分别自两所述第二侧壁的内壁面相向延伸形成，多个所述隔板在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上交错间隔设置。
优选地，所述减振通道的出口形成在所述第二侧壁上，所述外泄漏孔呈格栅状。
优选地，所述隔板至少设置有一个，所述隔板自所述第一侧壁向所述扬声器单元延伸形成，所述隔板与邻近的所述第二侧壁之间形成所述减振通道；
在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上，所述减振通道的横截面呈大小交替变化。
优选地，所述隔板设置有多个，任意相邻的两所述隔板之间也形成所述减振通道。
优选地，所述隔板包括多个交替首尾连接的第一隔断部以及多个第二隔断部；
所述第一隔断部的延伸方向与所述第二侧壁平行，所述第二隔断部的延伸方向与所述第一侧壁平行；
在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上，多个所述第二隔断部依次间隔排布；
任意相邻的两所述第一隔断部在自一所述第二侧壁朝向另一所述第二侧壁的方向上交错设置。
优选地，所述减振通道的出口形成在所述第一侧壁上，所述外泄漏孔呈格栅状。
优选地，所述壳体包括前盖与框体，所述前盖盖合于所述框体并与所述框体围合形成收容腔，所述振动系统及磁路系统位于所述收容腔，所述底壁、侧壁及隔板与所述框体一体设置。
优选地，所述减振单元设置有两个且分别位于所述扬声器单元相对的两侧，所述壳体对应两所述盒体分别设置有所述内泄漏孔。
优选地，所述减振单元还包括填充在所述减振通道内的吸音材料。
本发明还提出一种便携终端，包括外壳，所述外壳内部具有容置腔，所述便携终端还包括所述发声装置，所述发声装置安装在所述容置腔，所述外壳开设有对应所述振动系统的振膜设置的声孔，所述容置腔具有与所述外泄漏孔连通的扩容腔；
该发声装置包括扬声器单元及减振单元；其中，
所述扬声器单元包括壳体、振动系统及磁路系统；
所述振动系统的振膜与磁路系统的导磁轭之间形成后声腔，所述壳体上设有与所述后声腔连通的内泄漏孔；
所述减振单元包括盒体，所述盒体上开设有外泄漏孔，所述盒体还具有减振通道，所述减震通道具有与所述内泄漏孔对接连通的入口，以及与所述外泄漏孔对接连通的出口，所述减振通道具有以弯曲的路径连接所述减振通道入口及出口的内壁面。
本发明发声装置通过将减振通道设计成具有以弯曲的路径连接减振通道入口及出口的内壁面，如此，空气振动传播的气流在通过减振通道进入开放后腔时会产生多次变向与反射，同时减振通道本身也可以吸收其内空气振动的能量，相结合地起到了使减振通道内空气振动传播的气流能量衰减的效果，从而减弱了传递至开放后腔的声音振动能量，进而保证了避免被应用的便携终端产生过大的振动。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明发声装置第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2为图1中发声装置在去除盒体顶壁后的结构示意图；
图3为图2中A处的局部放大图；
图4为本发明发声装置第二实施例的结构示意图；
图5为图4中发声装置的在去除盒体顶壁后的结构示意图；
图6为图5中B处的局部放大图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称 标号 名称
100a 发声装置 2a 减振单元 214 顶壁
100b 发声装置 21a 盒体 22a 隔板
1 扬声器单元 211a 外泄漏孔 2b 减振单元
11 内泄漏孔 212a 减振通道 21b 盒体
12 前盖 213 底壁 211b 外泄漏孔
13 框体 214 第一侧壁 212b,213b 减振通道
121 振膜 215 第二侧壁 22b 隔板
100a：发声装置；100b：发声装置；1：扬声器单元；11：内泄漏孔；12：前盖；13：框体；121：振膜；2a：减振单元；21a：盒体；211a：外泄漏孔；212a：减振通道；213：底壁；214：第一侧壁；215：第二侧壁；214：顶壁；22a：隔板；2b：减振单元；21b：盒体；211b：外泄漏孔；212b,213b：减振通道；22b：隔板；
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)，则该方向性指示仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第 一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种发声装置。
在本发明实施例中，如图1、图2、图4及图5所示，该发声装置(100a,100b)包括：
扬声器单元1及减振单元(2a，2b)；其中，
扬声器单元1包括壳体、振动系统及磁路系统(均未标示)；
振动系统的振膜121与磁路系统的导磁轭(图未示)之间形成后声腔(图未示)，壳体上设有与后声腔连通的内泄漏孔11；
减振单元(2a，2b)包括盒体(21a，21b)，盒体(21a，21b)上开设有外泄漏孔(211a，211b)，盒体(21a，21b)还具有减振通道(212a，212b)，减振通道(212a，212b)具有与内泄漏孔11对接连通的入口，以及外泄漏孔(211a，211b)对接连通的出口，减振通道(212a，212b)具有以弯曲的路径连接减振通道(212a，212b)入口及出口的内壁面。
在本实施例中，壳体与盒体(21a，21b)相似，均用于提供容置空间及支撑作用，例如壳体可用于支撑振动系统及磁路系统，壳体与盒体(21a，21b)既可以一体设置，也可以为分体设置。
振动系统及磁路系统均可以参考现有的形式，例如振动系统的音圈与振动系统的振膜121连接，音圈伸入磁路系统的磁间隙中，音圈连通变化的电流则受到不同大小的安培力而振动，音圈振动带动振膜121振动，其能量变换方式是电能—机械能—声能。
为了调整振动的频率特性，振动系统还可包括配重块。磁路系统可以为单磁路系统，双磁路系统等，磁路系统的磁间隙形成在边磁路部分和中心磁路部分之间，一般而言，边磁路部分和中心磁路部分中至少其一包括永磁体。相对应地，导磁轭既可以为简单的平板状，也可以带侧壁的盆状。
此外，为了调节发声，内泄漏孔11和外泄漏孔(211a，211b)处均可以设 置网布。至于内泄漏孔11与外泄露孔的结构形式，其可以为单个的通孔，也可以为多个通孔，如呈格栅状。
盒体(21a，21b)内的减振通道(212a，212b)，在该减振通道(212a，212b)具有多个并行延伸的内壁面的实施例中，则至少一个内壁面以弯曲的路径连接减振通道(212a，212b)的入口及出口。基于此，减振通道(212a，212b)的横截面可以为沿其延伸路径恒定或变化的结构。例如，盒体(21a，21b)设置等截面的弯管以围合形成所述减振通道(212a，212b)，如此，同样可以起到是空气振动的传播气流发生多次变向及反射，进而达到振动能量衰减的效果。
本发明发声装置(100a,100b)通过将减振通道(212a，212b)设计成具有以弯曲的路径连接减振通道(212a，212b)入口及出口的内壁面，如此，空气振动传播的气流在通过减振通道(212a，212b)进入开放后腔时会产生多次变向与反射，同时减振通道(212a，212b)本身也可以吸收其内空气振动的能量，相结合地起到了使减振通道(212a，212b)内空气振动传播的气流能量衰减的效果，从而减弱了传递至开放后腔的声音振动能量，进而保证了避免被应用的便携终端产生过大的振动。
进一步地，盒体(21a，21b)位于扬声器单元1的侧向外围。如此，有利于降低发声装置(100a,100b)的厚度,从而使得该实施例的发声装置(100a,100b)可以适应扁平状的安装空间，例如手机的内腔。
进一步地，盒体(21a，21b)包括平行于振膜121的底壁213，分别自底壁213的相对两侧边向底壁213的同一侧延伸的两侧壁，以及盖合在两侧壁上的顶壁214；减振单元(2a，2b)还包括设置在底壁213及顶壁214之间的隔板(22a，22b)；隔板(22a，22b)与盒体(21a，21b)围合形成减振通道(212a，212b)。
在本实施例中，盒体(21a，21b)薄壁结构与隔板(22a，22b)围合形成的减振通道(212a，212b)结构紧凑，并且由于盒体(21a，21b)为相对规则的块状，而底壁213平行于振膜121，由此，使得减振单元(2a，2b)的厚度较小，对于扁平状安装空间适应性更高。
进一步地，侧壁包括与扬声器单元1相对的第一侧壁214，以及位于第一侧壁214与扬声器单元1之间的两相对的第二侧壁215。
在本实施例中，侧壁设置成三边结构一方面可以方便盒体(21a，21b)与扬声器单元1的内泄漏孔11对接连通，另一方面也方便适应呈矩形块状的安装空间，如此，安装后的空间利用率更高。
进一步地，请参照图2及图3，在本发明的第一实施例中，隔板(22a，22b)设置有多个，多个隔板(22a，22b)分别自两第二侧壁215的内壁面相向延伸形成，多个隔板(22a，22b)在第一侧壁214朝向扬声器单元1的方向上交错间隔设置。
在本实施例中，通过设置隔板(22a，22b)可以很方便地在盒体(21a，21b)内形成减振通道(212a，212b)，尤其适于大规模的工艺生产。在工作的过程中，振动空气的传播气流需要绕隔板(22a，22b)多次变向，并且振动空气的一部分能量也会被隔板(22a，22b)吸收。
进一步地，减振通道(212a，212b)的出口形成在第二侧壁215上，如此可以使得减振通道(212a，212b)的本身的长度相对较长，即延长空气振动的传播的气流在减振通道(212a，212b)内停留较长时间；而外泄漏孔(211a，211b)呈格栅状则有利于空气以较为分散及均匀地传播至开放后腔。
进一步地，请参照图5及图6，在本发明的第一实施例中，隔板(22a，22b)至少设置有一个，隔板(22a，22b)自第一侧壁214向扬声器单元1延伸形成，隔板(22a，22b)与邻近的第二侧壁215之间形成减振通道(212a，212b)；在第一侧壁214朝向扬声器单元1的方向上，减振通道(212a，212b)的横截面呈大小交替变化。
在本实施例中，作为示例，设定假设减振通道(212a，212b)存在两种横截面大小范围的段，横截面相对较大的段称为“室”，横截面相对较小的段称为“管”。如此，每一个管中的空气其质量可作为声质量和声阻存在，每一个室中的空气作为声顺存在，管与室的结合构成声学滤波器，如此，每个与管连接的室都有自己的固有频率，通过对管和室的设计及组合，即可在气流通过减振通道(212a，212b)时实现对不同频率振动能量的衰减。
进一步地，隔板(22a，22b)设置有多个，任意相邻的两隔板(22a，22b)之间也形成减振通道(212a，212b)。在本实施例中，如此，一方面可以尽可能多地形成可用于降低气流振动能量的减振通道(212a，212b)，另一方面可以增加减振通道(212a，212b)的类型，从而提升对不同频率声音的能 量衰减效果。
进一步地，为了使减振通道(212a，212b)的截面变化更为明显，形成更好地“突变”效果，所述隔板(22a，22b)包括多个交替首尾连接的第一隔断部以及多个第二隔断部；
所述第一隔断部的延伸方向与所述第二侧壁215平行，所述第二隔断部的延伸方向与所述第一侧壁214平行；
在所述第一侧壁214朝向所述扬声器单元1的方向上，多个所述第二隔断部依次间隔排布；
任意相邻的两所述第一隔断部在自一所述第二侧壁215朝向另一所述第二侧壁215的方向上交错设置。
进一步地，减振通道(212a，212b)的出口形成在第一侧壁214上，相似地，如此可以使得减振通道(212a，212b)的本身的长度相对较长，即延长空气振动的传播的气流在减振通道(212a，212b)内停留较长时间；而外泄漏孔(211a，211b)呈格栅状则有利于空气以较为分散及均匀地传播至开放后腔。
进一步地，壳体包括前盖12与框体13，前盖12盖合于框体13并与框体13围合形成收容腔(图未示)，振动系统及磁路系统位于收容腔，底壁213、侧壁及隔板(22a，22b)与框体13一体设置。
在本实施例中，通过这种整合设计，壳体分体设置可以方便壳体内的零部件安装，而盒体(21a，21b)的底壁213及侧壁一体设置则方便减少零部件数量以及盒体(21a，21b)内腔的形成；此外，盒体(21a，21b)的一部分结构与框体13一体设置，则可以进一步减少零部件的数量，方便组装的进行。
进一步地，减振单元(2a，2b)设置有两个且分别位于扬声器单元1相对的两侧，壳体对应两盒体(21a，21b)分别设置有内泄漏孔11。如此，发声装置(100a,100b)的外形形成长条状，避免了在多个尺寸方向占用过多空间。优选地，请再次参照图1及图4，扬声器单元1及盒体(21a，21b)相拼合的主视外轮廓为矩形。
进一步地，减振单元(2a，2b)还包括填充在减振通道(212a，212b)内的吸音材料(图未示)。吸音材料可以为疏松多孔的纤维、泡棉颗粒、沸石、活性炭等能使空气振动能量衰减的材料。一般来说，单纯设置吸音材料属于 阻性减振，而单纯设置弯曲的内壁面进行发射过滤则属于抗性减振。通过设置吸音材料结合减振通道(212a，212b)弯曲延伸的内壁面，则可构成阻抗复合的减振结构，从而获得更好地全频衰减效果。此外，为了调节发声，内泄漏孔11和外泄漏孔(211a，211b)处均可以设置网布。至于内泄漏孔11与外泄露孔的结构形式，其可以为单个的通孔，也可以为多个通孔，例如本发明第一实施例，外泄漏孔(211a，211b)呈格栅状。
本发明还提出一种便携终端(图未示)，包括外壳，外壳内部具有容置腔，便携终端还包括发声装置(100a,100b)，该发声装置(100a,100b)的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本便携终端采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。其中，发声装置(100a,100b)安装在容置腔，外壳开设有对应振动系统的振膜121设置的声孔，容置腔具有与外泄漏孔(211a，211b)连通的扩容腔。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括：
    扬声器单元及减振单元；其中，
    所述扬声器单元包括壳体、振动系统及磁路系统；
    所述振动系统的振膜与磁路系统的导磁轭之间形成后声腔，所述壳体上设有与所述后声腔连通的内泄漏孔；
    所述减振单元包括盒体，所述盒体上开设有外泄漏孔，所述盒体还具有减振通道，所述减震通道具有与所述内泄漏孔对接连通的入口，以及与所述外泄漏孔对接连通的出口，所述减振通道具有以弯曲的路径连接所述减振通道入口及出口的内壁面。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述盒体位于所述扬声器单元的侧向外围。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述盒体包括平行于所述振膜的底壁，分别自所述底壁的相对两侧边向所述底壁的同一侧延伸的两侧壁，以及盖合在两所述侧壁上的顶壁；
    所述减振单元还包括设置在所述底壁及顶壁之间的隔板；所述隔板与所述盒体围合形成所述减振通道。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述侧壁包括与所述扬声器单元相对的第一侧壁，以及位于所述第一侧壁与所述扬声器单元之间的两相对的第二侧壁。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述隔板设置有多个，多个隔板分别自两所述第二侧壁的内壁面相向延伸形成，多个所述隔板在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上交错间隔设置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述减振通道的出口形 成在所述第二侧壁上，所述外泄漏孔呈格栅状。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述隔板至少设置有一个，所述隔板自所述第一侧壁向所述扬声器单元延伸形成，所述隔板与邻近的所述第二侧壁之间形成所述减振通道；
    在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上，所述减振通道的横截面呈大小交替变化。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述隔板设置有多个，任意相邻的两所述隔板之间也形成所述减振通道。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，
    所述隔板包括多个交替首尾连接的第一隔断部以及多个第二隔断部；
    所述第一隔断部的延伸方向与所述第二侧壁平行，所述第二隔断部的延伸方向与所述第一侧壁平行；
    在所述第一侧壁朝向所述扬声器单元的方向上，多个所述第二隔断部依次间隔排布；
    任意相邻的两所述第一隔断部在自一所述第二侧壁朝向另一所述第二侧壁的方向上交错设置。
  10. 如权利要求7或8所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述减振通道的出口形成在所述第一侧壁上，所述外泄漏孔呈格栅状。
  11. 如权利要求3所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括前盖与框体，所述前盖盖合于所述框体并与所述框体围合形成收容腔，所述振动系统及磁路系统位于所述收容腔，所述底壁、侧壁及隔板与所述框体一体设置。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述减振单元设置有两个且分别位于所述扬声器单元相对的两侧，所述壳体对应两所述盒体分别设置有所述内泄漏孔。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述减振单元还包括填充在所述减振通道内的吸音材料。
  14. 一种便携终端，包括外壳，所述外壳内部具有容置腔，其特征在于，所述便携终端还包括如权利要求1-13任一项所述发声装置，所述发声装置安装在所述容置腔，所述外壳开设有对应所述振动系统的振膜设置的声孔，所述容置腔具有与所述外泄漏孔连通的扩容腔。
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CN112312265B (zh) * 2020-11-05 2022-09-20 深圳市讴鸟科技有限公司 一种调音泄压结构及独立声学腔体
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