WO2020000823A1 - 叶片运输支架 - Google Patents

叶片运输支架 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000823A1
WO2020000823A1 PCT/CN2018/112867 CN2018112867W WO2020000823A1 WO 2020000823 A1 WO2020000823 A1 WO 2020000823A1 CN 2018112867 W CN2018112867 W CN 2018112867W WO 2020000823 A1 WO2020000823 A1 WO 2020000823A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support
blade
support member
blades
transport bracket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/112867
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈星星
张竹
翟恩地
张新刚
Original Assignee
江苏金风科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 江苏金风科技有限公司 filed Critical 江苏金风科技有限公司
Priority to US16/613,076 priority Critical patent/US11486363B2/en
Priority to ES18911325T priority patent/ES2881321T3/es
Priority to AU2018414992A priority patent/AU2018414992B2/en
Priority to EP18911325.1A priority patent/EP3620651B1/en
Publication of WO2020000823A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000823A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/40—Arrangements or methods specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/02—Transport, e.g. specific adaptations or devices for conveyance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and more particularly, to a device capable of transporting multiple blades of a wind turbine at the same time.
  • the offshore wind turbine units are gradually moving towards large megawatt models, the diameter of the impeller is gradually increasing, and the blade length is getting longer and longer, which is a great challenge for the marine transportation of the blade.
  • Large blades occupy a large amount of deck space. If the layout is not reasonable, it will cause waste of resources.
  • one of the objectives of the present disclosure is to solve one or more problems in the prior art.
  • one object of the present disclosure is to provide a device capable of transporting a plurality of blades at the same time, and another object of the present disclosure is to provide a device for unloading a plurality of blades to a position that can be hoisted.
  • the present disclosure provides a blade transport bracket for supporting a plurality of blades.
  • the blade transport bracket includes a first support assembly and a second support assembly.
  • the first support assembly includes a first support frame and a first support member rotatably disposed on the first support frame.
  • the first support member is used for fixing the root portions of a plurality of blades.
  • the second support assembly includes a second support frame and A second support member rotatably provided on the second support frame, the second support member faces the first support member, and the second support member is used to fix the tip portions of the plurality of blades; In the state of the blade, the first support member and the second support member can rotate simultaneously.
  • the beneficial effects of the present disclosure include: multiple blades can be transported at the same time, and the blade selection can be performed when the blades are hoisted, which reduces the transportation cost; Damage the blades; the spreader is easy to hold the blades for lifting.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a blade transport bracket according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is another perspective view of a blade transport bracket according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • first supporting member 2: first bearing
  • 3 first supporting frame
  • 4 guide rail
  • 5 15: slider
  • 6, 7, 16, and 17 hydraulic cylinder
  • 8, 18 bottom bracket
  • 9 second support member
  • 10 upper cover plate
  • 11 lower cover plate
  • 12 second bearing
  • 13 second support frame
  • 25 motor
  • 20 universal joint
  • 21 blade
  • 23, 24 Lead screw motor
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a blade transport bracket according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is another perspective view of a blade transport bracket according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a blade transport bracket includes a first support assembly for supporting a root portion of a plurality of blades while the blades are being transported, and for supporting the plurality of blades when the blades are being transported.
  • the first support assembly includes a first support frame 3 and a first support member 1 rotatably disposed on the first support frame 3.
  • the first support member 1 is used for fixing the root portions of a plurality of blades.
  • the second support assembly includes a second support frame 13 and a second support member 9 rotatably disposed on the second support frame 13.
  • the second support member 9 faces the first support member 1.
  • the second support member 9 is used for Fix the tip of multiple leaves.
  • the first support member 1 and the second support member 9 can rotate simultaneously, and preferably, can rotate coaxially. According to this, a single transport bracket can simultaneously transport multiple blades, and when the blades are detached from the transport bracket, the selection of the blades can be performed by the rotation of the first support member 1 and the second support member 9.
  • the first support member 1 and the second support member 9 may be disc-shaped. In a state where a plurality of blades are installed, the plurality of blades are along the circumferential direction of the first support member 1 and the second support member 9. Spaced.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 six blades are shown, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and may be provided to support other numbers of blades.
  • the first support member 1 and the second support member 9 may have other shapes, such as a regular shape or an irregular shape such as a rectangle or an ellipse. A description will be given below by taking one blade 21 out of the six blades as an example.
  • the end surface of the blade root portion of the blade 21 is preset with bolt holes along the circumferential direction, the first support member 1 and the end surface of the blade root portion of the blade 21 can be detachably connected by bolts.
  • the blade tip portion of the blade 21 does not have a preset bolt hole.
  • a blade tip connecting member may also be provided.
  • the tip connection member is coupled to the tip portion of the blade 21 and is detachably connected to the second support member 9.
  • the blade tip connection member includes an upper cover plate 10 and a lower cover plate 11.
  • the upper cover plate 10 has a surface matching the upper surface of the blade 21 to be in contact with the upper surface of the blade 21.
  • the lower cover plate 11 has a surface matching the lower surface of the blade 21 so as to conform to the lower surface of the blade 21.
  • the upper cover plate 10 and the lower cover plate 11 can be connected together by bolts.
  • the lower cover plate 11 is connected to the second support member 9 by bolts.
  • the blade tip connection member can be rotated together with the second support member 9.
  • the upper cover plate 10 and the lower cover plate 11 can be used to hoop the blades 21 after being combined together.
  • a through hole may be formed in the second support member 9, and an end portion of a tip portion of the blade 21 may pass through the through hole.
  • the hole diameter of the through hole can be set to be larger so that the tip portion can pass through.
  • the through hole may be formed by a recessed portion of an edge portion of the second support member 9 and a sealing member (not shown) that seals the recessed portion. When the blade 21 is attached to or detached from the second support member 9, the sealing member is opened so that the tip portion of the blade 21 can pass through.
  • the first support member 1 is connected to the first support frame 3 through a first bearing 2.
  • the first support assembly may further include a first driving member for driving the first support member 1 relative to the first support frame 3 through the first bearing 2.
  • the second support member 9 is connected to the second support frame 13 through the second bearing 12.
  • the second support assembly may further include a second driving member for driving the second support member 9 relative to the second support frame 13 through the second bearing 12.
  • the first driving member and the second driving member may be motors 19 and 25, and the first and second supporting members 1 and 9 are driven to rotate synchronously through the motors 19 and 25, and 6 blades are driven along with them Rotate while the first support frame 3 and the second support frame 13 are relatively stationary to each other.
  • a gear drive or the like may be used instead of a motor drive.
  • a single-leaf spreader needs to be used to clamp the blade first, and the bolt at the root of the blade can be removed after the main lifting load to remove the blade from the transport bracket. This has certain risks. Specifically, during the bolt removal process, the bolt may be suddenly removed, and the blade ’s rebound force will suddenly increase the clamping force of the single blade spreader, which may cause damage to the blade. This is also the current blade transportation.
  • the shortcomings of the mechanism are not conducive to the installation of the blade.
  • the blade transport bracket may further include at least one bottom support unit disposed below the rotation axes of the first support member 1 and the second support member 9.
  • the bottom support unit is used to support the blade 21 and then the connection between the blade 21 and the transportation support is removed to ensure that the blade 21 and the transportation support are removed without the need for external lifting force. Connection.
  • the blade transport bracket may include a first bottom support unit close to the first support member 1 and a second bottom support unit close to the second support member 9, and the first bottom support unit and the second bottom support unit each include a bottom Supports 8, 18 and height adjustment members.
  • the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and the number of the bottom supporting units may be one or two or more.
  • the installation position of the bottom support unit is not limited to the situation shown in FIG. 1. For example, when the number of the bottom support unit is one, it may be provided in an intermediate region between the first support member 1 and the second support member 9. When the number of the bottom support units is three or more, they may be sequentially spaced between the first support member 1 and the second support member 9. Regardless of the number of bottom support units, each bottom support unit may have the aforementioned base and height adjustment member.
  • the base support 8 at the root of the blade has a contact surface matching the surface of the root portion of the blade 21.
  • the base 18 at the blade tip has a contact surface that matches the surface of the blade tip portion of the blade 21 or the surface of the blade tip connecting member.
  • the upper surface of the base 8 at the root of the blade is a curved surface and has a C-shaped cross section.
  • the contact surface between the lower cover plate 11 of the blade tip connection member and the base 18 at the blade tip is a flat surface, the upper surface of the base 18 at the blade tip may be a flat surface.
  • the height adjusting member can be used to adjust the positions of the bases 8, 18 in the vertical direction, which can be the hydraulic cylinders 6, 16 arranged in the vertical direction, that is, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 at the root of the blade and the lifting hydraulic pressure at the blade tip Cylinder 16.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to this, and a chain lift or the like may be adopted instead of the hydraulic cylinder lift.
  • the height adjustment member can raise or lower the heights of the bases 8 and 18 so as to fit on the surface of the blade 21 and provide support to the blade 21.
  • the single-blade spreader since the single-blade spreader has certain requirements on the clearance height under the blade 21 when clamping the blade, usually a clearance of about 2m is required.
  • the height adjustment member can also raise or lower the bases 8, 18 to ensure that Clearance height meets the clamping requirements of single-blade spreader, no need to set up tooling such as stand-up blocks or Beret beams, and blade 21 does not need to be re-transported to the stand-up blocks or Beret beams, reducing tooling development costs and installation time.
  • the bottom support unit may further include an angle adjusting member for adjusting the angles of the bottom brackets 8 and 18, and is provided on the sliders 5 and 15.
  • the angle adjustment member includes hydraulic cylinders 7 and 17 disposed at an angle, and universal joints 20 and 22 disposed between the bottom brackets 8 and 18 and the height adjustment member.
  • the base 8 at the blade root is connected to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 6 at the blade root through a universal joint 20 and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 7 through a bolt.
  • the base 18 at the blade tip is connected to the lifting hydraulic cylinder 16 at the blade tip through a universal joint 22 and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 17 by bolts.
  • the single-blade spreader has special requirements for the angle of the blade 21 when clamping the blade 21, if the bottom support of the single-blade spreader and the surface of the blade 21 cannot completely fit, it can be achieved by the hydraulic cylinders 7, 17 on both sides. Adjust the angle of the blade 21 left and right, so that the base of the single-blade spreader can completely fit the surface of the blade 21, avoiding adjusting the position of the single-blade spreader back and forth or changing the angle of the blade 21 by using a sleeper cushion.
  • the first bottom support unit and the second bottom support unit may further include a moving member that is connected to the height adjustment member to carry the bases 8 and 18 to a predetermined position, and the predetermined position may be capable of providing sufficient space for the blade hanger to hold the blade 21 s position.
  • the moving member may include guide rails 4, 14 and sliders 5, 15.
  • the guide rails 4 and 14 are disposed below the base brackets 8 and 18.
  • the sliders 5 and 15 are connected to the height adjustment member and can slide on the guide rails 4 and 14.
  • the guide rail 4 is connected to the first support frame 3 and is supported on the ship deck or the ground, and plays a supporting role of the entire blade transport bracket.
  • the slider 5 is installed in the guide rail 4, and the slider 5 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 7.
  • the slider 5 can be driven on the guide rail 4 by a lead screw motor 23.
  • the guide rail 14 is connected to the second support frame 13 and is supported on the ship deck or the ground, and plays a supporting role of the entire transportation support.
  • the slider 15 is installed in the guide rail 14, and the slider 5 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 16 and the hydraulic cylinder 17.
  • the slider 15 can be driven on the guide rail 14 by a lead screw motor 24.
  • the slider 5 and the slider 15 are installed on the guide rail 4 and the guide rail 14, respectively.
  • the slider motor 5 and the slider motor 15 are driven by the lead screw motor 23 and the lead screw motor 24, and the bottom bracket 8 and the bottom bracket 18 are driven along the guide rail 4, 14 moves outward to keep the blade 21 away from the entire transport bracket, and provides sufficient space for a single blade spreader to directly clamp the blade 21 without the need to carry out a second reversal of the blade 21.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to this, and a rack and pinion transmission may be used instead of a screw transmission.
  • the blade transport bracket carrying 6 blades is transported to the machine site by the transport ship, and the installation vessel main crane reverts the entire blade transport bracket with the 6 blades to the installation vessel.
  • the motor 19 and the motor 25 synchronously drive the first support member 1 and the second support member 9 to rotate, and stop rotating when the blade 21 to be installed is turned to the bottom of the first support member 1 and the second support member 9.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 16 respectively lift the base plate 8 and the base plate 18 so that the base plate 8 and the lower surface of the blade root of the blade 21 fit together, and the bottom plate of the base plate 18 and the blade tip of the blade 21 11 surface fit, at this time all the weight of the blade 21 is borne by the base 8 and the base 18.
  • the lead screw motor 23 and the lead screw motor 24 respectively drive the slider 5 and the slider 15 to drive the blade 21 along the guide rail 4 and the guide rail 14 away from the blade transport bracket. When the movement to the single-blade crane has enough space to hold the blades 21, it stops.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the hydraulic cylinder 16 are moved to lift the blade 21 to a specified height, so that the single-blade spreader directly clamps the blade 21. If the shape of the single blade spreader base and the surface shape of the blade 21 do not fit, the angle of the blade 21 can be adjusted left and right through the hydraulic cylinder 7 and the hydraulic cylinder 17, so that the blade 21 and the single blade spreader base can be attached to each other Together. After the blade 21 is clamped by a single blade spreader, the blade 21 can be directly hoisted and installed.
  • a single blade transport bracket can transport multiple blades in a single trip, reducing the waste of transportation ship resources and reducing transportation costs, and the rotation of the transportation bracket enables blade selection.
  • the transport bracket can provide auxiliary functions for single blade hoisting, specifically:
  • the transportation bracket includes a bottom bracket, and the connection bolts between the blade and the transportation bracket can be removed without requiring external lifting force.
  • the bottom bracket of the transport bracket can be moved in the radial direction of the transport bracket, away from the main body of the bracket, so that the single blade spreader can directly clamp the blade.
  • the bottom bracket of the transport bracket has a lifting function.
  • the clearance height of the blade can be adjusted by lifting the hydraulic cylinder, which meets the clearance height requirement of the blade by a single blade spreader.
  • the bottom bracket of the transport bracket has a left-right adjustment function.
  • the angle of the blade can be adjusted by adjusting the hydraulic cylinders left and right, so that the surface of the blade can completely fit the surface of the bottom bracket of the single-blade hanger.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ship Loading And Unloading (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Screw Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

一种叶片运输支架，用于支撑多个叶片（21），该叶片运输支架包括第一支撑组件和第二支撑组件，第一支撑组件包括第一支撑架（3）和可旋转地设置于第一支撑架（3）的第一支撑构件（1），第一支撑构件（1）用于固定多个叶片（21）的叶根部分；第二支撑组件包括第二支撑架（13）和可旋转地设置于第二支撑架（13）的第二支撑构件（9），第二支撑构件（9）与第一支撑构件（1）相面对，第二支撑构件（9）用于固定多个叶片（21）的叶尖部分；其中，在安装有多个叶片（21）的状态下，第一支撑构件（1）和第二支撑构件（9）能够同时旋转。所述叶片运输支架能够利用单个叶片运输支架同时运输多个叶片。

Description

叶片运输支架 技术领域
本公开涉及风力发电技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种可同时运输多个风力发电机组叶片的装置。
背景技术
海上风机机组逐渐趋向于大兆瓦机型，叶轮直径也逐渐变大，叶片长度越来越长，这对于叶片的海上运输是一个极大的挑战。大叶片占的甲板空间较大，若布置不合理，将会导致资源的浪费。
目前国内通常采用船舶进行大型叶片的运输，运输时叶片是平放的，并且每个叶片采用单独的运输工装，每个船舶只能运输约3个叶片。这造成运输船舶来回运输次数多，造成运输成本的增加；同时每个叶片需要一套单独的运输工装，造成运输工装资源的浪费，从而导致制造成本的增加。因此，亟需开发一种多个叶片运输支架，用于同时运输多个叶片，并尽量减少叶片在运输船舶甲板上的空间，最大限度的增加叶片运输数量。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的不足，本公开的目的之一在于解决上述现有技术中存在的一个或多个问题。例如，本公开的目的之一在于提供一种能够同时运输多个叶片的装置，本公开的目的之二在于提供一种将多个叶片运输卸载到可以吊装的位置的装置。
为了实现上述目的之一，本公开提供了一种叶片运输支架，用于支撑多个叶片。该叶片运输支架包括第一支撑组件和第二支撑组件。第一支撑组件包括第一支撑架和可旋转地设置于第一支撑架的第一支撑构件，第一支撑构件用于固定多个叶片的叶根部分；第二支撑组件包括第二支撑架和可旋转地设置于第二支撑架的第二支撑构件，第二支撑构件与第一支撑构件相面对，第二支撑构件用于固定多个叶片的叶尖部分；其中，在安装有多个叶片的状态下，第一支撑构件和第二支撑构件能够同时旋转。
与现有技术相比，本公开的有益效果包括：可同时运输多个叶片，并且在吊装叶片时可以进行叶片的选择，降低了运输成本；避免在拆装叶片与运输支架之间的连接时损坏叶片；便于吊装用的吊具夹持叶片。
附图说明
通过下面结合附图进行的描述，本公开的上述和其他目的和特点将会变得更加清楚，其中：
图1是本公开示例性实施例的叶片运输支架的透视图。
图2是本公开示例性实施例的叶片运输支架的另一角度的透视图。
附图标记说明：
1：第一支撑构件，2：第一轴承，3：第一支撑架，4、14：导轨，5、15：滑块，6、7、16和17：液压缸，8、18：底托，9：第二支撑构件，10：上盖板，11：下盖板，12：第二轴承，13：第二支撑架，19、25：电机，20、22：万向节，21：叶片，23、24：丝杠电机。
具体实施方式
在下文中，将结合附图和示例性实施例详细地描述根据本公开的叶片运输支架。
图1是本公开示例性实施例的叶片运输支架的透视图。图2是本公开示例性实施例的叶片运输支架的另一角度的透视图。
如图1和图2所示，本公开示例性实施例的叶片运输支架包括用于在运输叶片时支撑多个叶片的叶根部分的第一支撑组件和用于在运输叶片时支撑多个叶片的叶尖部分的第二支撑组件。第一支撑组件包括第一支撑架3和可旋转地设置于第一支撑架3的第一支撑构件1，第一支撑构件1用于固定多个叶片的叶根部分。第二支撑组件包括第二支撑架13和可旋转地设置于第二支撑架13的第二支撑构件9，第二支撑构件9与第一支撑构件1相面对，第二支撑构件9用于固定多个叶片的叶尖部分。在安装有多个叶片的状态下，第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9能够同时旋转，优选地，能够同轴旋转。据此，可以实现单个运输支架同时运输多个叶片，并且在将叶片从运输支架拆卸下来时，可以通过第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9的旋转来进行叶片的选择。
在实施例中，第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9可为圆盘状，在安装有多个叶片的状态下，多个叶片沿第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9的周向间隔布置。在图1和图2中，示出了6个叶片，但本公开不限此，可以设置为支撑其他数量的叶片。而且，第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9可以为其他形状，如矩形、椭圆形等规则形状或不规则形状。下面将以6个叶片中的一个叶片21为例进行描述。
其中，由于叶片21的叶根部分的端面预设有沿周向的螺栓孔，因而，可以通过螺栓将第一支撑构件1与叶片21的叶根部分的端面可拆卸地连接。
叶片21的叶尖部分没有预设螺栓孔，为了在不破坏叶片21的情况下实现对叶片21的叶尖部分的支撑，还可以设置叶尖连接构件。叶尖连接构件结合到叶片21的叶尖部分，并可拆卸地连接到第二支撑构件9。在实施例中，参照图1，叶尖连接构件包括上盖板10和下盖板11。其中，上盖板10具有与叶片21的上表面相匹配的表面，以与叶片21的上表面贴合。下盖板11具有与叶片21的下表面相匹配的表面，以与叶片21的下表面贴合。上盖板10和下盖板11贴合在叶片21上之后，可以通过螺栓将上盖板10和下盖板11连接在一起。接着，下盖板11通过螺栓与第二支撑构件9连接。叶尖连接构件可以随着第二支撑构件9一起转动。而且，优选地，上盖板10和下盖板11结合在一起之后可以箍住叶片21。
在实施例中，第二支撑构件9上可形成有通孔，叶片21的叶尖部分的端部可穿过通孔。通孔的孔径可以设置得较大，以便于叶尖部分穿过。另外，通孔可由第二支撑构件9的边缘部分的凹入部和将凹入部封口的封口构件(未示出)形成。在将叶片21安装到第二支撑构件9上或从第二支撑构件9上拆卸下来时，打开封口构件，以便于叶片21的叶尖部分通过。
第一支撑构件1通过第一轴承2与第一支撑架3连接，第一支撑组件还可包括第一驱动构件，用于驱动第一支撑构件1通过第一轴承2相对于第一支撑架3转动。第二支撑构件9通过第二轴承12与第二支撑架13连接，第二支撑组件还可包括第二驱动构件，用于驱动第二支撑构件9通过第二轴承12相对于第二支撑架13转动。在实施例中，第一驱动构件和第二驱动构件可以为电机19、25，通过电机19、25驱动第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9进行同步转动，并带动6个叶片随其一起转动，而第一支撑架3和第二支撑架13彼此是相对静止的。但本公开不限于此，还可以采用齿轮传动等来代替 电机驱动。
另外，对于目前的单个叶片运输支架，需要使用单叶片吊具先夹持叶片，主吊加载力之后才能拆除叶根处的螺栓，以将叶片从运输支架上拆除下来。这样存在一定的风险，具体地，在拆除螺栓的过程中可能由于螺栓憋劲，突然拆除叶片反弹导致单叶片吊具夹持力瞬间增大，很有可能造成叶片的损坏，这也是目前叶片运输机构存在的不足，不利于叶片的安装。
为了避免在将叶片21从运输支架上拆除时，造成叶片21损坏。叶片运输支架还可包括至少一个底部支撑单元，设置在第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9的旋转轴线的下方。在将叶片21从运输支架上拆除时，利用底部支撑单元支撑住叶片21再拆除叶片21与运输支架之间的连接，以保证在不需要外界吊装力的条件下拆除叶片21与运输支架之间的连接。
在实施例中，叶片运输支架可包括靠近第一支撑构件1的第一底部支撑单元和靠近第二支撑构件9的第二底部支撑单元，第一底部支撑单元和第二底部支撑单元分别包括底托8、18和高度调节构件。但本公开不限于此，底部支撑单元的数量可以为一个或两个以上。而且，底部支撑单元的设置位置不限于图1所示情形。例如，当底部支撑单元的数量为一个时，其可以设置在第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9之间的中间区域。当底部支撑单元的数量为三个或更多个时，可以在第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9之间依次间隔排列。不管底部支撑单元的数量如何，每个底部支撑单元可具有前述的底托和高度调节构件。
如图1所示，叶根处的底托8具有与叶片21的叶根部分的表面相匹配的接触表面。叶尖处的底托18具有与叶片21的叶尖部分的表面或叶尖连接构件的表面相匹配的接触表面。在实施例中，叶根处的底托8的上表面为弧面，截面呈C形。在实施例中，由于叶尖连接构件的下盖板11与叶尖处的底托18的接触面为平面，因而叶尖处的底托18的上表面可以为平面。在将叶片21从运输支架上拆除时，待叶片21完全搁置在底托8、18上再拆除叶片21与运输支架之间的连接，而不是单叶片吊具夹持叶片施加力后再拆除连接螺栓，大大降低了叶片损坏的风险。
高度调节构件可用于调节底托8、18在竖直方向上的位置，其可以为沿竖直方向设置的液压缸6、16，即叶根处的升降液压缸6和叶尖处的升降液压缸16。但本公开不限于此，还可以采用链条升降等来代替液压缸升降。高 度调节构件可以抬高或降低底托8、18的高度，从而与叶片21的表面贴合，给叶片21提供支撑。另外，由于单叶片吊具夹持叶片时对叶片21下方的净空高度有一定要求，通常是需要2m左右的净空，高度调节构件还可以抬高或降低底托8、18，保证叶片21下方的净空高度满足单叶片吊具的夹持要求，不用再设置诸如垫高块或贝雷梁等工装，叶片21也不用二次倒运至垫高块或贝雷梁上，减少了工装开发成本以及安装时间。
底部支撑单元还可包括角度调节构件，用于调节底托8、18的角度，设置在滑块5、15上。角度调节构件包括倾斜设置的液压缸7、17和设置在底托8、18与高度调节构件之间的万向节20、22。在实施例中，叶根处底托8通过万向节20与叶根处升降液压缸6连接，通过螺栓与液压缸7连接。叶尖处底托18通过万向节22与叶尖处升降液压缸16连接，通过螺栓与液压缸17连接。由于单叶片吊具夹持叶片21时对叶片21的角度有特殊要求，若夹持时单叶片吊具的底托与叶片21表面不能完全贴合，可通过两侧的液压缸7、17来左右调节叶片21的角度，使单叶片吊具的底托可以和叶片21的表面完全贴合，避免来回调节单叶片吊具的位置或采用枕木垫高的形式来改变叶片21的角度。
第一底部支撑单元和第二底部支撑单元还可包括移动构件，与高度调节构件连接以将底托8、18运送至预定位置，预定位置可以是能够为叶片吊具夹持叶片21提供足够空间的位置。在实施例中，移动构件可包括导轨4、14和滑块5、15。导轨4、14设置在底托8、18下方，滑块5、15与高度调节构件连接并能够在导轨4、14上滑动。
具体地，导轨4与第一支撑架3连接，支撑在船舶甲板或地面上，起到整个叶片运输支架的支撑作用。滑块5安装在导轨4中，并且滑块5与液压缸6和液压缸7连接。可通过丝杠电机23驱动滑块5在导轨4上移动。
导轨14与第二支撑架13连接，支撑在船舶甲板或地面上，起到整个运输支架的支撑作用。滑块15安装在导轨14中，并且滑块5与液压缸16和液压缸17连接。可通过丝杠电机24驱动滑块15在导轨14上移动。
滑块5和滑块15分别安装在导轨4和导轨14上，通过丝杠电机23和丝杠电机24分别驱动滑块5和滑块15并带动底托8和底托18沿着导轨4、14向外移动，使叶片21远离整个运输支架，为单叶片吊具提供足够的空间以直接夹持叶片21，而不需要对叶片21进行二次倒运。但本公开不限于此，还 可以通过齿轮齿条传动代替丝杠传动。
以下将详细描述采用上述叶片运输支架运输多个叶片(以6个叶片为例)的过程，包括：
S1、将6个叶片安装在叶片运输支架上。
S2、承载了6个叶片的叶片运输支架通过运输船运至机位点，安装船主吊将整个叶片运输支架连同6个叶片倒运至安装船。
S3、电机19和电机25同步驱动第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9转动，将待安装的叶片21转至第一支撑构件1和第二支撑构件9的最下方时停止转动。
S4、液压缸6和液压缸16分别将底托8和底托18抬起，使底托8与叶片21的叶根处下表面贴合，底托18与叶片21的叶尖处下盖板11表面贴合，此时叶片21的所有重量都由底托8和底托18承受。
S5、拆除叶片21的叶根的端面与第一支撑构件1之间的连接螺栓以及叶片下盖板11与第二支撑构件9之间的连接螺栓。
S6、丝杠电机23和丝杠电机24分别驱动滑块5和滑块15带动叶片21沿着导轨4和导轨14远离叶片运输支架移动。当运动到单叶片吊具有足够空间夹持叶片21时，停止。
S7、根据单叶片吊具夹持叶片21的净空高度要求，液压缸6和液压缸16运动，将叶片21抬升至指定高度，以便于单叶片吊具直接夹持叶片21。若出现单叶片吊具底托的形状和叶片21的表面形状不贴合，可通过液压缸7和液压缸17左右调节叶片21的角度，使叶片21与单叶片吊具底托两者互相贴合。单叶片吊具夹持住叶片21后，可直接起吊安装叶片21。
本公开实现单个叶片运输支架单趟可以运输多个叶片，减少运输船舶资源的浪费，减少了运输成本，且运输支架通过旋转可进行叶片的选择。同时该运输支架可以给单叶片吊装提供辅助功能，具体地：
(1)运输支架包括底托，可在不需要外界吊装力的条件下拆除叶片与运输支架的连接螺栓。
(2)运输支架底托可以在运输支架径向方向移动，远离支架主体，使得单叶片吊具可直接夹持叶片。
(3)运输支架底托具有升降功能，通过升降液压缸可以调节叶片的净空高度，满足单叶片吊具夹持叶片的净空高度要求。
(4)运输支架底托具有左右调节功能，通过左右调节液压缸可以调节叶片的角度，使叶片表面可以和单叶片吊具的底托表面完全贴合。
尽管上面已经通过结合示例性实施例描述了本公开，但是本领域技术人员应该清楚，在不脱离权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下，可对本公开的示例性实施例进行各种修改和改变。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种叶片运输支架，其特征在于，用于支撑多个叶片，所述叶片运输支架包括：
    第一支撑组件，所述第一支撑组件包括第一支撑架(3)和可旋转地设置于所述第一支撑架(3)的第一支撑构件(1)，所述第一支撑构件(1)用于固定所述多个叶片的叶根部分；以及
    第二支撑组件，所述第二支撑组件包括第二支撑架(13)和可旋转地设置于所述第二支撑架(13)的第二支撑构件(9)，所述第二支撑构件(9)与所述第一支撑构件(1)相面对，所述第二支撑构件(9)用于固定所述多个叶片的叶尖部分；
    其中，在安装有所述多个叶片的状态下，所述第一支撑构件(1)和所述第二支撑构件(9)能够同时旋转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第一支撑构件(1)和所述第二支撑构件(9)为圆盘状，在安装有所述多个叶片的状态下，所述多个叶片沿所述第一支撑构件(1)和所述第二支撑构件(9)的周向间隔布置。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述叶片运输支架还包括至少一个底部支撑单元，所述底部支撑单元设置在所述第一支撑构件(1)和所述第二支撑构件(9)的旋转轴线的下方。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述至少一个底部支撑单元包括靠近所述第一支撑构件(1)的第一底部支撑单元和靠近所述第二支撑构件(9)的第二底部支撑单元，所述第一底部支撑单元和所述第二底部支撑单元分别包括：
    底托(8、18)，用于支撑所述多个叶片中的一个叶片(21)；和
    高度调节构件，用于调节所述底托(8、18)在竖直方向上的位置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述高度调节构件包括沿竖直方向设置的液压缸(6、16)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第一底部支撑单元和所述第二底部支撑单元还包括：
    移动构件，与所述高度调节构件连接以将所述底托(8、18)运送至预定 位置。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述移动构件包括：
    导轨(4、14)，设置在所述底托(8、18)下方；和
    滑块(5、15)，与所述高度调节构件连接并能够在所述导轨(4、14)上滑动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第一底部支撑单元和所述第二底部支撑单元还包括：
    角度调节构件，用于调节所述底托(8、18)的角度，设置在所述滑块(5、15)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述角度调节构件包括倾斜设置的液压缸(7、17)和设置在所述底托(8、18)与所述高度调节构件之间的万向节(20、22)。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述叶片运输支架还包括叶尖连接构件，所述叶尖连接构件结合到所述多个叶片的叶尖部分，并可拆卸地连接到所述第二支撑构件(9)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第二支撑构件(9)上形成有通孔，所述多个叶片的叶尖部分的端部穿过所述通孔。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述通孔由所述第二支撑构件(9)的边缘部分的凹入部和将所述凹入部封口的封口构件形成。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第一支撑构件(1)与所述多个叶片的叶根部分的端面可拆卸地连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的叶片运输支架，其特征在于，所述第一支撑构件(1)通过第一轴承(2)与所述第一支撑架(3)连接，所述第二支撑构件(9)通过第二轴承(12)与所述第二支撑架(13)连接，
    所述第一支撑组件还包括：第一驱动构件，用于驱动所述第一支撑构件(1)通过所述第一轴承(2)相对于所述第一支撑架(3)转动，
    所述第二支撑组件还包括：第二驱动构件，用于驱动所述第二支撑构件(9)通过所述第二轴承(12)相对于所述第二支撑架(13)转动。
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