WO2019235969A1 - Method of visualization of the patient's body surface and determining the coordinates of ecg electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart - Google Patents

Method of visualization of the patient's body surface and determining the coordinates of ecg electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019235969A1
WO2019235969A1 PCT/RU2019/000406 RU2019000406W WO2019235969A1 WO 2019235969 A1 WO2019235969 A1 WO 2019235969A1 RU 2019000406 W RU2019000406 W RU 2019000406W WO 2019235969 A1 WO2019235969 A1 WO 2019235969A1
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Prior art keywords
dimensional
body surface
patient
heart
scanning
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PCT/RU2019/000406
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French (fr)
Inventor
Aleksandr Georgievich PETROV
Mikhail Petrovich CHMELEVSKY
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Limited Liability Company "Computer Modeling Systems"
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Priority to EP19814368.7A priority Critical patent/EP3801235A4/en
Priority to US16/973,164 priority patent/US20210251549A1/en
Publication of WO2019235969A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019235969A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/0035—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/0037—Performing a preliminary scan, e.g. a prescan for identifying a region of interest
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0059—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence
    • A61B5/0062—Arrangements for scanning
    • A61B5/0064—Body surface scanning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/06—Devices, other than using radiation, for detecting or locating foreign bodies ; determining position of probes within or on the body of the patient
    • A61B5/061—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body
    • A61B5/064—Determining position of a probe within the body employing means separate from the probe, e.g. sensing internal probe position employing impedance electrodes on the surface of the body using markers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
    • A61B5/279—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses
    • A61B5/28—Bioelectric electrodes therefor specially adapted for particular uses for electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/24—Detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof
    • A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
    • A61B5/318—Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
    • A61B5/367—Electrophysiological study [EPS], e.g. electrical activation mapping or electro-anatomical mapping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/30—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
    • G06T7/33—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/0033—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room
    • A61B5/004—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part
    • A61B5/0044—Features or image-related aspects of imaging apparatus classified in A61B5/00, e.g. for MRI, optical tomography or impedance tomography apparatus; arrangements of imaging apparatus in a room adapted for image acquisition of a particular organ or body part for the heart
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves 
    • A61B5/055—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves  involving electronic [EMR] or nuclear [NMR] magnetic resonance, e.g. magnetic resonance imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10072—Tomographic images
    • G06T2207/10081—Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
    • G06T2207/10072—Tomographic images
    • G06T2207/10088—Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to medicine, in particular, to cardiology and functional diagnostics, and can be used during the diagnostic procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart.
  • CT and MRI data are used for visualization of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
  • the invention aims to solve these problems by achieving the simplicity of visualization of the patient’s body surface with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes and an unlimited repetition rate of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the patient's heart.
  • the method of the present disclosure has the following distinctive features compared to the existing method of visualization of the patient's body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes:
  • - CT or MRI procedure is used one time only to obtain a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
  • the existing method of obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes based on data, obtained from CT or MRI of the chest, is substituted with a method of obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes based on data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the body surface.
  • the method of the present disclosure exploits a system of disposable multi-contact ECG electrodes, applied vertically around the entire circumference of the torso, as well as an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning with a system of the back imprint and software for three- dimensional simulation of holotopy, which includes:
  • a software module for conversion of CT and MRI data in a polygon three-dimensional model which ensures three-dimensional computer simulation of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
  • a software module for three-dimensional computer simulation of the results of photoscanning which ensures computer simulation of the patient's body surface and generating a polygon model with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes.
  • a software module for three-dimensional computer simulation of holotopy which ensures determining the relative position of the heart surface and the body surface with ECG electrodes and creating a general polygon model of the heart holotopy with the coordinates of ECG electrodes.
  • a software interface module which ensures data formatting to be used during the procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart and storing in the patient's health information database.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the sequence of operations to be implemented in time according to the method of the present disclosure.
  • the first step 1 includes performing CT or MRI of the patient’s chest, as a result of which files are generated in the DICOM format, or the use of images, obtained on the basis of previously performed CT or MRI of the patient’s chest. Moreover, the CT and MRI procedures are obligatory in case of a known and recorded event that results to changes in size, geometry or inner structure of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
  • the first step may not be associated with mapping of the heart and can be performed by other reasons.
  • the first step can be performed using the methods of ultrasound heart examination [6], rotational X-ray study [7], electrical impedance tomography [8], intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography [6]
  • the second step 2 includes three-dimensional simulation of the heart and the inner surface of the chest by processing files in the DICOM format, obtained as a result of the first step implementation, and generating a polygon model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
  • the second step and subsequent operations may arise out of the decision to perform non-invasive mapping of the heart.
  • the third step 3 is provided by applying ECG electrodes around the circumference of the patient’s torso.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example of the torso with surface ECG electrodes (1) being applied,
  • the fourth step 4 ensures placement of the patient in a lying position with surface ECG electrodes in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning with the back imprint forming system and implementation of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the body surface with ECG electrodes applied from above.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
  • Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
  • Figure 5 illustrates a photograph of a model for an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) of the patient (2).
  • the fifth step 5 includes three-dimensional photo-scanning of the imprint, formed by the back of the patient with ECG electrodes (5) after lifting the patient to a sitting position (6).
  • Figure 6 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three- dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5) being applied.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with the imprint, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5) being applied.
  • the sixth step 6 is implemented via software for three-dimensional simulation based on data, obtained from digital photographs of the patient's body surface with ECG electrodes, patient's back imprint with ECG electrodes, combining and generating a general three-dimensional model of the body surface with ECG electrodes, determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes.
  • Figures 8 and 9 illustrate an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras.
  • Figures 10, 11, 12 illustrate an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand.
  • Figure 10 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand upper surface.
  • Figure 11 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the palm print.
  • Figure 12 illustrates an example of software operation for combining three-dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
  • the seventh step 7 is implemented via software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the patient's heart holotopy and creating a general polygon model of the heart relative to the body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes using a polygon model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained on the basis of CT or MRI data, and a polygon model of the patient's body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes, obtained on the basis of three-dimensional photo-scanning data.
  • the eighth step 8 ensures formatting of data on a general polygon model of the heart relative to the body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes to be subsequently used during the procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart and storing data in the patient’s health information database (10).
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the sequence of operations.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an example of applying ECG electrodes (1) around the circumference of the patient’s torso.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
  • Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
  • Figure 5 illustrates a photograph of a model for an installation of three-dimensional photo- scanning (3) of the patient (2).
  • Figure 6 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5).
  • Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5).
  • Figure 8 illustrates an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras.
  • Figure 9 illustrates an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, with a polygon mesh representation, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras.
  • Figure 10 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand upper surface.
  • Figure 11 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the palm print.
  • Figure 12 illustrates an example of software operation for combining three-dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
  • the disclosed method of visualization of the patient's body surface with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart is based on three-dimensional photo-scanning and computer simulation and can be applied practically by those skilled in the art.
  • Figures 2, 5, 8, and 9 illustrate operations on testing three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patient with a model of surface ECG electrodes (1) and operations on computer simulation of the results of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patient’s body surface with ECG electrodes applied from above.
  • Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate, by the example of the hand, the results of testing three- dimensional photo-scanning with an imprint system and software operation for combining three- dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
  • the imprint obtaining system uses material that meets sanitary and hygienic rules and standards, applicable in health care facilities, and having plasticity and deformation characteristics under the patient's torso weight, as well as shape memory, sufficient to place the patient in a sitting position and perform the imprint photo-scanning, with relatively short restoration time for the material’s suitability for re-print.
  • the imprint system is the original method for obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees.
  • Three-dimensional simulation of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees can be performed by other methods as well.
  • Three-dimensional simulation of the patient's heart holotopy is performed by a computer program with algorithms for scaling and comparing two three-dimensional polygon models, having common surfaces for comparison based on the specific anatomic characteristics of the patient’s body surface and the inner surface of the chest, which are deemed to be unchanged for a specified time period.
  • CT or MRI imaging and three-dimensional photoscanning of the patient’s body surface are performed at inhale.
  • Patent RU2409313C2 A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination
  • Patent RU2417051C2 A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination
  • Patent RU2435518C2 A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination

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Abstract

A three-dimensional model of the patients body surface of 360 degrees with the coordinates of ECG electrodes is formed via a computer program according to data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patients body surface from above and data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patients back imprint. Position of ECG electrodes on the body surface relative to the surface of the heart is determined via computer simulation and combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure. Combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure, is performed on the basis of the specific anatomic characteristics of the patient's body surface and the inner surface of the chest, which are deemed to be unchanged for a specified time period, or on the basis of combining three markers, visible during three-dimensional photo-scanning and during CT or MRI procedure, or on the basis of a single system of coordinates for three-dimensional photo-scanning and CT or MRI procedure. The invention implementation results in improvement of the technique of visualization of the patients body surface.

Description

METHOD OF VISUALIZATION OF THE PATIENT’S BODY SURFACE AND DETERMINING THE COORDINATES OF ECG ELECTRODES DURING NON- INVASIVE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MAPPING OF THE HEART
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to medicine, in particular, to cardiology and functional diagnostics, and can be used during the diagnostic procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart.
PRIOR ART
Currently, CT and MRI data are used for visualization of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart [1, 2, 3, 4, 5].
The above-mentioned method of visualization of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes has a number of disadvantages:
high cost of the procedure
significant radiation exposure to the patient (CT) and associated therewith restrictions concerning frequency of use (in particular [5] p. 96 the use of MSCT limits the possibility of widespread clinical use of the technique due to the increasing radiation exposure to the patient.”)
restriction on the use of MRI for patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers the complexity of performing CT and MRI of the torso in heavy patients due to the need of long-term (more than 30 seconds) breath holding
restrictions, associated with the presence of relative and absolute medical contraindications to performing CT and MRI (pregnancy, allergy to contrast agents, the presence of metal implants, etc.)
The invention aims to solve these problems by achieving the simplicity of visualization of the patient’s body surface with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes and an unlimited repetition rate of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the patient's heart. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The method of the present disclosure has the following distinctive features compared to the existing method of visualization of the patient's body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes:
- CT or MRI procedure is used one time only to obtain a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
- The existing method of obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes based on data, obtained from CT or MRI of the chest, is substituted with a method of obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient’s body surface and determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes based on data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the body surface.
- Combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes, obtained on the basis of three-dimensional photo-scanning data, and a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained from CT or MRI data using three- dimensional simulation software.
The method of the present disclosure exploits a system of disposable multi-contact ECG electrodes, applied vertically around the entire circumference of the torso, as well as an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning with a system of the back imprint and software for three- dimensional simulation of holotopy, which includes:
- A software module for conversion of CT and MRI data in a polygon three-dimensional model, which ensures three-dimensional computer simulation of the heart and the inner surface of the chest.
- A software module for three-dimensional computer simulation of the results of photoscanning, which ensures computer simulation of the patient's body surface and generating a polygon model with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes. - A software module for three-dimensional computer simulation of holotopy, which ensures determining the relative position of the heart surface and the body surface with ECG electrodes and creating a general polygon model of the heart holotopy with the coordinates of ECG electrodes.
- A software interface module, which ensures data formatting to be used during the procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart and storing in the patient's health information database.
Figure 1 illustrates the sequence of operations to be implemented in time according to the method of the present disclosure.
The first step 1 includes performing CT or MRI of the patient’s chest, as a result of which files are generated in the DICOM format, or the use of images, obtained on the basis of previously performed CT or MRI of the patient’s chest. Moreover, the CT and MRI procedures are obligatory in case of a known and recorded event that results to changes in size, geometry or inner structure of the heart and the inner surface of the chest. The first step may not be associated with mapping of the heart and can be performed by other reasons. The first step can be performed using the methods of ultrasound heart examination [6], rotational X-ray study [7], electrical impedance tomography [8], intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography [6]
The second step 2 includes three-dimensional simulation of the heart and the inner surface of the chest by processing files in the DICOM format, obtained as a result of the first step implementation, and generating a polygon model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest. The second step and subsequent operations may arise out of the decision to perform non-invasive mapping of the heart.
The third step 3 is provided by applying ECG electrodes around the circumference of the patient’s torso. Figure 2 illustrates an example of the torso with surface ECG electrodes (1) being applied,
The fourth step 4 ensures placement of the patient in a lying position with surface ECG electrodes in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning with the back imprint forming system and implementation of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the body surface with ECG electrodes applied from above. Figure 3 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4). Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4). Figure 5 illustrates a photograph of a model for an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) of the patient (2).
The fifth step 5 includes three-dimensional photo-scanning of the imprint, formed by the back of the patient with ECG electrodes (5) after lifting the patient to a sitting position (6). Figure 6 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three- dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5) being applied. Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with the imprint, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5) being applied.
The sixth step 6 is implemented via software for three-dimensional simulation based on data, obtained from digital photographs of the patient's body surface with ECG electrodes, patient's back imprint with ECG electrodes, combining and generating a general three-dimensional model of the body surface with ECG electrodes, determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes. Figures 8 and 9 illustrate an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras. Figures 10, 11, 12 illustrate an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand. Figure 10 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand upper surface. Figure 11 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the palm print. Figure 12 illustrates an example of software operation for combining three-dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
The seventh step 7 is implemented via software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the patient's heart holotopy and creating a general polygon model of the heart relative to the body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes using a polygon model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained on the basis of CT or MRI data, and a polygon model of the patient's body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes, obtained on the basis of three-dimensional photo-scanning data.
The eighth step 8 ensures formatting of data on a general polygon model of the heart relative to the body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes to be subsequently used during the procedure of non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart and storing data in the patient’s health information database (10).
The cycle of operations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 can be repeated without limitations by the rate of frequency.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figure 1 illustrates the sequence of operations.
Figure 2 illustrates an example of applying ECG electrodes (1) around the circumference of the patient’s torso.
Figure 3 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
Figure 4 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a lying position (2) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system (4).
Figure 5 illustrates a photograph of a model for an installation of three-dimensional photo- scanning (3) of the patient (2).
Figure 6 illustrates a lateral view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5).
Figure 7 illustrates a front view of the patient placed in a sitting position (6) in an installation of three-dimensional photo-scanning (3) with an imprint system, formed by the patient’s back with ECG electrodes (5).
Figure 8 illustrates an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras.
Figure 9 illustrates an example of a three-dimensional model of the patient's body with ECG electrodes applied from above, with a polygon mesh representation, formed via software based on processing of data, obtained from digital photo cameras.
Figure 10 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the hand upper surface.
Figure 11 illustrates an example of software operation for three-dimensional simulation of the palm print. Figure 12 illustrates an example of software operation for combining three-dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The disclosed method of visualization of the patient's body surface with determining the coordinates of ECG electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart is based on three-dimensional photo-scanning and computer simulation and can be applied practically by those skilled in the art.
The operations on the method testing have been carried out to confirm the possibility of the present disclosure implementation.
Figures 2, 5, 8, and 9 illustrate operations on testing three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patient with a model of surface ECG electrodes (1) and operations on computer simulation of the results of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patient’s body surface with ECG electrodes applied from above.
Figures 10, 11 and 12 illustrate, by the example of the hand, the results of testing three- dimensional photo-scanning with an imprint system and software operation for combining three- dimensional models of the hand upper surface and the palm into a single three-dimensional model of the hand surface, presented in the form of a polygon mesh.
The imprint obtaining system uses material that meets sanitary and hygienic rules and standards, applicable in health care facilities, and having plasticity and deformation characteristics under the patient's torso weight, as well as shape memory, sufficient to place the patient in a sitting position and perform the imprint photo-scanning, with relatively short restoration time for the material’s suitability for re-print.
The imprint system is the original method for obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees. Three-dimensional simulation of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees can be performed by other methods as well. Provision can be made that the invention includes obtaining a three-dimensional model of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees by other methods, presented in the claims. Three-dimensional simulation of the patient's heart holotopy is performed by a computer program with algorithms for scaling and comparing two three-dimensional polygon models, having common surfaces for comparison based on the specific anatomic characteristics of the patient’s body surface and the inner surface of the chest, which are deemed to be unchanged for a specified time period. To compare the two models, CT or MRI imaging and three-dimensional photoscanning of the patient’s body surface are performed at inhale.
The invention has been described with respect to advantageous embodiments. Upon the above-mentioned detailed description has been read and understood, modifications and variations can be assumed. Provision can be made that the invention includes all possible modifications and variations, since they fall within the scope of the appended claims or equivalents thereof.
Bibliography
1. Patent RU2409313C2, A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination
2. Patent RU2417051C2, A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination
3. Patent RU2435518C2, A.Sh. Revishvili, V.V. Kalinin, A.V. Kalinin. Method of non- invasive electrophysiological heart examination
4. M.P. Chmelevsky, S.V. Zubarev, M.A. Budanova. Non-invasive electrophysiological mapping in the diagnostics of ventricular arrhythmias. Pub. FSBI“NMRC named after V.A. Almazov” of the Russian Ministry of Health. Translational medicine, 2 (5) 2015
5. Zubarev S.V., Chmelevsky M.P., Budanova M.A., Trukshina M.A., Lyubimtseva T.A., Lebedeva V.K., Lebedev D.S. Non-invasive electrophysiological mapping and the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy: the importance of the position of left ventricular electrode. Pub. FSBI “NMRC named after V.A. Almazov” of the Russian Ministry of Health. Translational medicine, 3 (3) 2016
6. M.A. Saidova. Three-dimensional echocardiography: yesterday, today, tomorrow.
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7. N.M. Fedotov, A.I. Oferkin, A.A. Shelupanov Method of integrating the data of rotational X-ray study and electrical location for visualization of anatomic structures of the heart and surgical instrument. Reports by TSUCSR, No. 2 (26), part 2, December 2012. UDC 621.386.8; 616-079.2 8. E. V. Miroshnichenko. Electrical impedance computed tomography. ILPI Research and Engineering Center“Technocentre” TSUR. Proceedings by TSUR Thematic issue. MIS-2004 Hardware and software for medical diagnostics and therapy. UDC-612.014.42: 573 (043.3)

Claims

1. Method of visualization of the patient’s body surface with the coordinates of ECG electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart wherein:
• a three-dimensional model of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees with the coordinates of ECG electrodes is formed via a computer program according to data of three- dimensional photo-scanning of the patient's body surface from above and data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of the patient's back imprint,
• position of ECG electrodes on the body surface relative to the surface of the heart is determined via computer simulation and combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure.
Combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure, is performed on the basis of the specific anatomic characteristics of the patient’s body surface and the inner surface of the chest, which are deemed to be unchanged for a specified time period.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a three-dimensional model of the patient's body surface of 360 degrees with the coordinates of ECG electrodes is formed via a computer program according to data of three-dimensional photo-scanning of 360 degrees of the patient's body surface without the use of the back imprint.
3. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three- dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure, is performed using at least three markers, visible during three-dimensional photoscanning and during CT or MRI procedure.
4. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that combining a three-dimensional model of the body surface of 360 degrees, obtained during three-dimensional photo-scanning, and a three- dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, obtained during CT or MRI procedure, is performed within a single system of coordinates for three-dimensional photo-scanning and CT or MRI procedure.
5. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a three-dimensional model of the heart and the inner surface of the chest, is obtained based on data of ultrasound heart examination, rotational X-ray study, electrical impedance tomography, intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography.
PCT/RU2019/000406 2018-06-09 2019-06-06 Method of visualization of the patient's body surface and determining the coordinates of ecg electrodes during non-invasive electrophysiological mapping of the heart WO2019235969A1 (en)

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