Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
  • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
  • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
  • F23D11/38—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor
  • F23D11/383—Nozzles; Cleaning devices therefor with swirl means
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
  • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
  • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
  • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
  • F23D14/48—Nozzles
  • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
  • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
  • F23D2900/14003—Special features of gas burners with more than one nozzle
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23D—BURNERS
  • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
  • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
  • F23D2900/14641—Special features of gas burners with gas distribution manifolds or bars provided with a plurality of nozzles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a burner with reduced flame temperature.
• a burner For the combustion of the fuel mixed with an oxygen carrier, a burner is used with a burner head, which essentially has a tubular channel in which the oxygen carrier, for example air, flows out via a fan and thereby reacts with the fuel, for example gas, mixed, which is passed through a distribution system in a tubular channel.
• An ignition device ignites the mixture of oxygen carrier and fuel, which initiates combustion.
• burner heads are a burden on the environment, since they release nitrogen oxides NO x produced in the combustion into the atmosphere. Therefore, burners with torch heads have already been developed, which can reduce the production of these oxides.
• a burner head in which the reduction of the nitrogen oxides is achieved by means of distributor devices during the supply of the fuel.
• the distributor is located inside the front part of the supply air for the combustion air and consists of annular spaces which are perpendicular to the axis of the feed tube and limited by mutually coaxial rings which are interconnected by spacers.
• a burner head for burners with a tubular body for the supply of an oxygen carrier in a combustion chamber in which one or more pipelines are provided for supplying a fuel into the combustion chamber, wherein the pipes in the tubular body run and supplied via a feed channel with the fuel.
• a converging transition piece is provided at the end of the tubular body which projects into the combustion chamber, the convergence pointing into the interior of the combustion chamber.
• At least one igniting direction located in the tubular f-body in the vicinity of the converging transition piece is provided, wherein the exit opening of each piping for supplying the fuel is within a zone of the tubular body which limits by the convergence of the transition pieces is located in the inclined wall surface of the transition piece, whereby the fuel flow passes substantially to the outside and in the zone of greater flow velocity of the oxygen carrier stream.
• the gas flow is directed against the outside of the air flow, which is accelerated as it passes through the converging transition piece and entrains the gas flow far into the interior of the combustion chamber.
• the acceleration of the air flow causes a suppression in the area of the combustion chamber, so that part of the flue gases produced during combustion are returned to the flame. This achieves a reduction in the flame temperature and a lower nitrogen oxide concentration.
• generic combustion devices which convert chemical energy into thermal energy in a firing process.
• at least one oxidizing agent preferably air or oxygen
• a fuel in the combustion chamber in a continuous burned reaction under heat release.
• the heated exhaust gases are released through the opening to the free environment and can be used, for example, in all types of heaters, drying plants, thermal afterburning facilities, environmental systems, hardening furnaces or in other process engineering plants.
• purified gases such as municipal, long-distance, natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas, as well as their mixtures, come into consideration as fuel.
• fuel oil, kerosene and other liquid or pasty fuels can be burned.
• the burners generally known from the prior art can be divided into two categories.
• the first category includes burners in which the oxidant with the fuel as a mixture is injected into the combustion chamber. Such burners are also referred to as premix burners.
• burners of the second category have a separate supply of the oxidant and of the fuel up to the combustion chamber, so that mixing of the two substances only takes place there.
• the burners of the first category have the advantage that the mixture of oxidizing agent and fuel is available in a very homogeneous mixture in the combustion chamber, the disadvantage is that absolute safety against flashbacks is not given. Such flashbacks are excluded in second category burners by the separate supply of oxidant and fuel.
• the homogeneity of the mixture in the combustion chamber is not optimal. In any case, it is worse than the mixture obtained by first category burners.
• the invention therefore aims to combine the advantages of burners of the second category with the advantages of the burners of the first category, that is, on the one hand to reliably exclude flashbacks, but at the same time to ensure a high homogeneity of the mixture and thus both the flame temperature , as well as to minimize the nitrogen emission.
• the aim is to achieve the best possible combination of safety and optimal combustion.
• a fuel nozzle system which is arranged essentially circularly and which is set up to produce a homogeneous lean and at least one inner ring a homogeneous, richer mixture, in particular a fuel / oxidizer mixture, on at least one outer ring ,
• a homogeneous lean and at least one inner ring a homogeneous, richer mixture, in particular a fuel / oxidizer mixture
• on at least one outer ring smaller and on the at least one inner ring larger outlet nozzles are present.
• These two mixtures should burn as separate as possible during combustion in order to keep the flame temperature low.
• the mixture which is leaner on the at least one outer ring and the mixture which is more greasy on the at least one inner ring flow into a common combustion chamber in which the optimum combustion takes place.
• the leaner on the at least one outer ring and the on the at least one inner ring greasy mixture are jointly supplied to the combustion in the combustion chamber.
• a homogeneous lean and on the at least one inner ring a homogeneous fetteres mixture is adjustable.
• the fuel nozzle system is designed so that the outlet direction of the substances, but in particular of the Oxida- sector, can be selectively influenced.
• the resulting different twist or differently directed mass flow leads to a possible long-term separation, ie separation or non-mixing of the inner homogeneous fat and the outer homogeneous lean mixture during combustion.
• the flame temperature, and thus also the nitrogen oxide formation in both areas is significantly reduced, whereby an optimal, near-stoichiometric combustion still takes place with respect to the overall process, in which the interior and exterior areas are considered together.
• the direction of the substances, in particular of the fuel can be influenced by an oblique position of the outlet nozzles. It has been found that an outflow of the fuel or gas at an angle to the air swirl also has particularly positive effects on the homogeneity of the respective fuel / oxidizer mixture.
• an at least double-walled tube is provided between the inner and the outer ring, through which the fuel flows.
• the advantage of this solution is that the "slipstream" of the double-walled tube prevents mixing from the inner richer area to the outer lean area.
• two at least double-walled concentric tubes are provided, through which the fuel flows.
• a device for igniting the burner is provided.
• these ignition devices in particular ignition electrodes, disturb the flow of the gas and the oxidizer least and therefore do not lead to poor homogeneity.
• a device for flame monitoring in particular a UV flame sensor, a
• IR flame sensor or an ionization be arranged. This also means that the flow is impeded as little as possible.
• the speed of the substances, in particular of the oxidizer in the fuel nozzle system can be selectively influenced. It is advantageous to let the outside air or the oxygen flow somewhat faster than inside.
• Fig. 1 is an overall view of the half-cut burner
• FIG. 2 shows an overall view of the fuel nozzle system from the front
• Fig. 3 is an overall view of the fuel nozzle system from the rear;
• FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a fuel nozzle system according to the invention with smaller outlet nozzles arranged on an outer ring and arranged on an inner ring;
• Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the fuel nozzle system;
• Fig. 6 an alternative embodiment
• Fig. 7 shows a detail with inclined outlet nozzles.
• a fuel nozzle system 5 of a generally designated 1 burner 1 has a housing 2 with a combustion tube 3, which has an opening 4 at the end facing away from this housing 2.
• the housing 2 has two separate channels 6, 7, through which different substances, in particular a fuel and an oxidizer, flow, which mix in a combustion chamber 8, not shown in more detail.
• the fuel nozzle system 5 is arranged substantially circular and arranged to produce a leaner mixture on at least one outer ring 12 and a richer mixture, in particular a fuel / oxidizer mixture, on at least one inner ring 13.
• a richer mixture in particular a fuel / oxidizer mixture
• it may have on at least one outer ring 12 smaller 14 and on at least one inner ring 13 larger outlet nozzles 15.
• exit nozzles 14 can be present on the at least one outer ring 12 and more exit nozzles 15 on the at least one inner ring 13 than on the respective other ring 12, 13.
• the outlet direction of the substances, in particular of the fuel, can by
• Inclined position of the outlet nozzles 14, 15 or in another suitable manner, for example, by swirl elements 9 and / or guide plates 11 are selectively influenced.
• valve flaps or the like on the outer ring 12 a leaner and on the inner ring 13 a richer mixture can be adjusted.
• the speed of the substances, in particular of the oxidizer and / or fuel can be influenced in a targeted manner.
• an at least double-walled tube 18 located between the inner and outer ring 12, 13 an at least double-walled tube 18 through which the fuel flows. Also, two at least double-walled concentric tubes 18, 18 'can be provided, through which the fuel flows.
• a device 20 for igniting the burner 1 may be arranged in the cross section of an at least double-walled tube 18, 18 '.
• a device 21 for flame monitoring of the burner 1 is provided in the middle of the circular arrangement.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=66625938

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (2)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (16)

• 2018
  • 2018-05-25 DE DE102018112540.2A patent/DE102018112540A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2019
  • 2019-05-14 EP EP19725669.6A patent/EP3803210A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2019-05-14 US US17/055,627 patent/US20210222872A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2019-05-14 CN CN201980034428.9A patent/CN112189113A/zh active Pending
  • 2019-05-14 WO PCT/EP2019/062314 patent/WO2019224050A1/de unknown

Patent Citations (4)

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