WO2019223376A1 - 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付、众筹方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付、众筹方法及装置 Download PDF

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WO2019223376A1
WO2019223376A1 PCT/CN2019/076011 CN2019076011W WO2019223376A1 WO 2019223376 A1 WO2019223376 A1 WO 2019223376A1 CN 2019076011 W CN2019076011 W CN 2019076011W WO 2019223376 A1 WO2019223376 A1 WO 2019223376A1
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project
node
category
crowdfunding
delivery
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨新颖
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Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
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Alibaba Group Holding Ltd
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Priority to AU2019274012A priority Critical patent/AU2019274012A1/en
Priority to CA3087107A priority patent/CA3087107A1/en
Priority to SG11202006193RA priority patent/SG11202006193RA/en
Publication of WO2019223376A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019223376A1/zh
Priority to US16/888,350 priority patent/US20200294100A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • H04L9/3236—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials using cryptographic hash functions
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H04L2209/56—Financial cryptography, e.g. electronic payment or e-cash

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present specification relate to the field of information technology, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for delivering and crowdfunding virtual resources based on a blockchain.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding method is that in a blockchain network, any node can initiate a crowdfunding project, and broadcast the project information of the crowdfunding project to each node on the entire network. For each node, if the node wants to participate in the crowdfunding project after knowing the project information of the crowdfunding project, it can transfer money to the node that initiated the crowdfunding project, and the transfer record will be stored in the blockchain. Publicity.
  • a method for delivering a virtual resource based on a blockchain is provided.
  • a number of project categories are preset, and a category identifier is assigned to each project category.
  • the method includes:
  • the delivery node in the blockchain network obtains the category identifier and resource amount specified by the delivery user
  • the delivery node constructs a target transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount
  • the delivery node broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network
  • Multiple nodes in the blockchain network obtain the target transaction and perform consensus verification on the target transaction
  • the plurality of nodes establish a first correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the resource amount, and store the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • a method for delivering a virtual resource based on a blockchain is provided.
  • a number of project categories are preset and a category identifier is assigned to each project category.
  • the method includes:
  • the delivery node in the blockchain network obtains the category identifier and resource amount specified by the delivery user
  • Broadcasting the target transaction to the blockchain network so that multiple nodes in the blockchain network obtain the target transaction, and after verifying the target transaction consensus, establishing the category identifier and The first correspondence relationship between the virtual resources of the amount of resources, and storing the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • a method for delivering virtual resources based on a blockchain is provided.
  • a number of project categories are preset, and a category identifier is assigned to each project category.
  • the method includes:
  • Multiple nodes in a blockchain network obtain a target transaction and perform consensus verification on the target transaction;
  • the target transaction is a delivery node in the blockchain network based on the category identifier and the amount of resources specified by the delivery user and constructs the target transaction.
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding method is provided. Based on the foregoing virtual resource delivery method, the crowdfunding method includes:
  • a crowdfunding node in a blockchain network obtains project information of a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project;
  • the crowdfunding node determines the consumption amount according to the budget information included in the project information
  • the crowdfunding node sends the category identifier and the consumption amount to multiple nodes in the blockchain network;
  • the crowdfunding node converts the consumed virtual resources into property for funding the crowdfunding project.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding method is provided. Based on the foregoing virtual resource delivery method, the crowdfunding method includes:
  • a crowdfunding node in a blockchain network obtains project information of a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project;
  • the virtual resource of the consumed amount is converted into a property for financing the crowdfunding project.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding method is provided. Based on the foregoing virtual resource delivery method, the crowdfunding method includes:
  • Multiple nodes in the blockchain network receive the category identifier and the consumption amount sent by the crowdfunding node;
  • the category identifier is the category identifier of the project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project initiated by the crowdfunding user, and the consumption amount is the crowdfunding
  • the fund raising node is determined according to the budget information included in the project information of the crowdfunding project;
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding system including a plurality of blockchain nodes
  • the blockchain node has the function of implementing the method described in at least one of the above claims 2, 3, 5, and 6.
  • a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device is provided.
  • a number of project categories are preset, and a category identifier is assigned to each project category.
  • the device includes:
  • the acquisition module which obtains the category identifier and the amount of resources specified by the delivery user;
  • a construction module which constructs a target transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount
  • a broadcasting module that broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network, so that multiple nodes in the blockchain network obtain the target transaction, and establishes the category after verifying the target transaction consensus Identifying a first correspondence relationship with the virtual resource of the amount of resources, and storing the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device which presets several item categories and assigns a category identifier to each item category.
  • the device includes:
  • An acquisition module acquires a target transaction and performs consensus verification on the target transaction;
  • the target transaction is a delivery node in the blockchain network constructed based on the category identifier and the amount of resources specified by the delivery user and transferred to the blockchain network Broadcast
  • the establishment module if the consensus verification passes, establishes a first correspondence between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the resource amount, and stores the first correspondence into its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding device is provided. Based on the foregoing virtual resource delivery method, the crowdfunding device includes:
  • An acquisition module which acquires project information of a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project;
  • a determination module which determines the consumption amount according to the budget information contained in the project information
  • the sending module sends the category identifier and the consumption amount to multiple nodes in the blockchain network, so that the multiple nodes establish a first connection between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the consumption amount.
  • the conversion module converts the consumed virtual resources into properties for funding the crowdfunding project.
  • a blockchain-based crowdfunding device is provided. Based on the foregoing virtual resource delivery method, the crowdfunding device includes:
  • a receiving module receives a category identifier and a consumption amount sent by a crowdfunding node;
  • the category identifier is a category identifier of a project category corresponding to a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and the consumption amount is the crowdfunding node according to the crowdfunding Determined by the budget information contained in the project information of the fundraising project;
  • a building module which establishes a second correspondence between the category identifier and the consumed virtual resource, and stores the second correspondence into its own shared ledger; the consumed virtual resource can be converted into property To fund the crowdfunding project.
  • a delivery node in a blockchain network, can obtain a category identifier and a resource amount specified by a user, and then initiate a transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount, and the transaction passes through multiple nodes.
  • the plurality of nodes will establish a first correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the resource amount, and store the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger.
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into assets for funding crowdfunding projects corresponding to the project category.
  • users can fund in advance for the project categories they support, and the funding records are transparent and traceable. Users do not need to wait for someone to launch a specific crowdfunding project before they can understand whether the crowdfunding project belongs to a project category that they are more concerned about by knowing the crowdfunding project and decide whether to fund it based on the judgment result.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery method according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based crowdfunding method provided by an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device according to an embodiment of the present specification
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based crowdfunding device according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another blockchain-based crowdfunding device according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for configuring a method according to an embodiment of the present specification.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a blockchain-based crowdfunding system provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • Blockchain technology is essentially a distributed storage technology. Each node in the blockchain network is based on a consensus mechanism. It can perform consensus verification on transactions between nodes, and then store the transactions that have passed the consensus verification into its own shared ledger ( (That is, the blockchain), so as to ensure that the transaction records in the shared ledger cannot be tampered and traceable. Because of this characteristic of blockchain technology, it has great application prospects in the field of crowdfunding business.
  • a number of project categories are preset, allowing users to choose from which project categories they are more concerned about, and pre-funding in the form of delivery of virtual resources, that is, users do not have to wait for specific crowdfunding.
  • the project can only be funded when it is launched, but is funded for a certain project category. Later, when a crowdfunding project corresponding to this project category is launched, the user's previously funded property can be directly drawn.
  • the user does not need to passively understand each specific crowdfunding project initiated by others and decide whether to fund it. Instead, he actively delivers virtual resources to some of the project categories he cares about, and the user delivers virtual resources to a certain project category. Resources are equivalent to funding for this project category. Virtual resources can be converted into property. The more virtual resources corresponding to a project category, the more funding available to the crowdfunding project corresponding to that project category. When a crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category is launched, it can be directly withdrawn from the virtual resources corresponding to the project category, converted into property, and the crowdfunding project can be promoted as soon as possible without having to spend time on fundraising.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery method provided by an embodiment of this specification, including the following steps:
  • the delivery node in the blockchain network obtains the category identifier and resource amount specified by the delivery user.
  • the delivery node constructs a target transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount.
  • the project category can be set according to the actual business needs.
  • a business scenario proposed in this article is that in real life, art lovers often initiate a variety of crowdfunding projects in memory of a deceased art worker. For example, a crowdfunding project to repair Borges's former residence, a crowdfunding project to hire a university professor to hold an Eliot poetic lecture, and so on.
  • a project category can be a late literary and art worker
  • a category identifier can be a late literary and artistic work Identity of the person.
  • a node in a blockchain network may be a user device, and specifically may be a user's mobile phone, computer, or other device with data processing and storage functions. It should be noted that, in the following, for the convenience of description, the expression “the node corresponding to the user performs XX operation” is no longer used, but the expression “the user performs XX operation” is directly used. It should be understood that when some operations When it is only suitable for device execution, "user executes XX” actually means “node corresponding to user performs XX operation”.
  • users need to connect their own user equipment to the blockchain network so that their own user equipment is called a node in the blockchain network in order to be able to deliver virtual resources.
  • any user can deliver virtual resources (equivalent to funding) for a certain project category through their corresponding nodes.
  • the delivery user actually refers to a user who currently wants to deliver virtual resources, and the delivery node actually refers to a node corresponding to the delivery user.
  • the amount of the resource is a measurement value of the virtual resource
  • the virtual resource is essentially valuable information that can be circulated on the network, and specifically may be points, tokens, virtual items, and the like.
  • the virtual resource is points, and the user specifies a resource amount of 20, which means that the user wants to deliver 20 points.
  • virtual resources can be exchanged for property, and the property can be legal tender or other valuable property.
  • the conversion rules between virtual resources and property can be specified as needed.
  • the virtual resource is points and the property is RMB.
  • the conversion rule of virtual resources and property can be 1 point for 1 yuan.
  • the delivery node After the delivery node obtains the category identifier and the resource amount specified by the delivery user, it can construct a target transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount.
  • transactions can generally refer to business data with business intent.
  • the target transaction is actually business data including the category identifier and the resource amount.
  • the delivery user may be an art lover who wants to deliver virtual resources to a deceased art worker, and the delivery node may be a node corresponding to the art lover.
  • Zhang San is a loyal reader of Borges' works. If Zhang San wants to show his support and commemoration of Borges, he can initiate a virtual resource delivery operation for the preset Borges identity . Specifically, Zhang San can enter the identity of Borges (such as Borges-Argentina-18990824) and the amount of resources (such as 200) of the virtual resources he wants to deliver into his mobile phone. Borges-Argentina-18990824 and 200, build target transactions.
  • S104 The delivery node broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network.
  • S106 Multiple nodes in the blockchain network obtain the target transaction and perform consensus verification on the target transaction.
  • the target transaction may be broadcasted, so that multiple nodes in the blockchain network that need to perform consensus verification on the target transaction can obtain the target transaction.
  • Target transaction The plurality of nodes may be all nodes in the blockchain network, or may be some nodes in the blockchain network.
  • the consensus verification of the target transaction by the multiple nodes may include whether the signature of the target transaction by the delivery node is legal, and / or whether the target transaction has been tampered with during the broadcast process.
  • the specific verification method should be known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the plurality of nodes establish a first correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the resource amount, and assign the first correspondence
  • the relationship is deposited into its own shared ledger (that is, the blockchain).
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • any node in the blockchain network can be used as a delivery node, and virtual resource delivery is performed for the project category.
  • One delivery will generate one project category.
  • a first correspondence relationship generated by one delivery is actually a delivery record corresponding to the project category.
  • the cumulative amount of delivery of virtual resources corresponding to this project category can be determined.
  • the virtual resource may be an electronic symbol of a scarecrow image.
  • One "scarecrow” delivered can represent a memorial to the deceased literary and art worker, and one "scarecrow” can be exchanged for 100 yuan.
  • a literary and art enthusiast makes a scarecrow delivery for a deceased literary and art worker, which is equivalent to other literary and art enthusiasts who request access to the blockchain network. Immutable.
  • the cumulative delivery amount corresponding to that identity can be regarded as the "popularity" accumulated by the deceased literary and art worker.
  • Table 1 shows the delivery records stored on the shared ledger in the literary scene.
  • one row corresponds to one delivery record (that is, a first correspondence relationship generated by one delivery).
  • Each delivery record is arranged from top to bottom in chronological order.
  • Each delivery record may come from a different delivery node.
  • the foregoing embodiment only records the category identifier and the corresponding resource amount of the project category targeted for one delivery into the shared ledger for recording, but does not store the identity information of the delivery node in the shared ledger for recording.
  • a target transaction may be constructed based on the category identifier, the resource amount, and the node identifier of the delivery node. Accordingly, in step S108, after the target transaction passes the consensus verification of the plurality of nodes, the plurality of nodes may establish a first correspondence among the category identifier, the resource amount, and the node identifier. Relationship, and the first corresponding relationship is stored in its own shared ledger.
  • the plurality of nodes participating in the consensus verification of the target transaction are part of nodes in a blockchain network
  • the plurality of nodes may specifically be nodes that meet specified conditions.
  • the specified condition is a node having a first correspondence between a node identifier and the category identifier, or a node specified in advance. That is, the node that can perform consensus verification on the target transaction is either a node that has delivered virtual resources for the project category identified by the category, or a node that is specified in advance.
  • the pre-designated nodes If only nodes that have delivered virtual resources for the project category identified by the category are required to be eligible to participate in the consensus verification of transactions constructed based on the category identification, then it will result in that for each of the blockchain networks As far as the node is concerned, the node only stores the delivery records corresponding to the project categories funded by the node. For this reason, in order to make at least one node in the blockchain network that stores delivery records corresponding to all project categories (that is, full delivery records), at least one node can be designated in advance, and the pre-designated node can participate in broadcasting to any node
  • the consensus verification of the transaction can also save the delivery records generated by each delivery (regardless of which project category is targeted) into its own shared ledger.
  • the literary and artistic scene it may be provided that, for each literary and artistic worker, only the nodes that have delivered virtual resources to the literary and artistic worker can participate in the consensus verification of transactions related to the literary and artistic worker. . Assume that a user has performed virtual resource delivery for multiple writers and artists, then this user is entitled to participate in the verification of consensus on all transactions related to one of the multiple writers and artists. In addition, it can also be stipulated that a node with higher authority can be set up, this node can participate in the consensus verification for all transactions, and store the full amount of records.
  • the delivery user can own a certain amount of virtual resources, and then, based on the total amount of virtual resources owned by himself, the virtual node is delivered by the delivery node (case 1).
  • the delivery user may not own the virtual resource, but instead commits a resource amount when the virtual resource is delivered, and when the subsequent need to cash out the virtual resource of the said resource amount into the property, the delivery user pays the equivalent property (Case 2).
  • a virtual resource account for storing a virtual resource may be specifically created for each node in the blockchain network in advance, and the virtual resource account is managed by a designated device.
  • the designated device may be a device that is responsible for redeeming virtual resources as property.
  • the delivery node may send the resource amount to the designated device, so that the designated device is deducted from the virtual resource account of the delivery node
  • the resource amount is a virtual resource.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a method for recharging virtual resources.
  • the delivery node may obtain a recharge amount specified by the delivery user, and then send the recharge amount to the designated device, so that the designated device stores virtual resources of the recharge amount into a corresponding one of the delivery node.
  • a virtual resource account, and a property equivalent to the virtual resource of the recharge amount is deducted from the property account of the delivery user.
  • the property account of the delivery user may be a user's bank account, electronic payment account, or the like.
  • the matter that the multiple nodes perform consensus verification on the target transaction may further include: Whether the balance of the virtual resource account is sufficient (that is, verifying whether the amount of the virtual resource in the virtual resource account is not less than the amount of the resource).
  • users can proactively deliver virtual resources for a certain project category to various crowdfunding projects that may occur in the future corresponding to a certain project category. Donate.
  • a user initiates a crowdfunding project of a certain project category, he can directly withdraw from the virtual resources corresponding to the project category and convert it into property, so that the implementation of the crowdfunding project can be advanced as soon as possible.
  • the delivery node may obtain additional conditions specified by the delivery user.
  • the delivery node may construct a target transaction based on the category identification, the resource amount, the node identification of the delivery node, and the additional conditions.
  • the plurality of nodes may establish a first correspondence relationship between the category identifier, the virtual resource of the resource amount, the node identifier, and the additional condition.
  • the delivery user can specify any additional conditions according to his needs when delivering virtual resources.
  • the additional conditions must be met in order to successfully withdraw this part of virtual resources.
  • the additional condition may specifically be a limitation on the use of the virtual resource delivered by the delivery user when the virtual user delivers the virtual resource.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the corresponding process, including the following steps:
  • a crowdfunding node in a blockchain network obtains project information of a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project.
  • any node can initiate a crowdfunding project for crowdfunding.
  • the execution subject of the crowdfunding method shown in 2 is referred to as “crowdfunding node”
  • the user corresponding to the crowdfunding node is referred to as “crowdfunding user”.
  • a crowdfunding user may initiate a crowdfunding project through a crowdfunding node, the crowdfunding node obtains project information of the crowdfunding project, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project.
  • a crowdfunding user may directly provide the category identifier to a crowdfunding node, or the crowdfunding node may determine the category identifier according to a keyword included in the project information.
  • the crowdfunding node determines a consumption amount corresponding to the budget information according to the budget information included in the project information.
  • the budget information includes an amount of property required to implement the crowdfunding project.
  • the crowdfunding node may determine the consumption amount according to the budget information and preset conversion rules for virtual resources and property.
  • the consumption amount is the amount of virtual resources to be consumed in order to obtain the property amount in the budget information.
  • the crowdfunding node sends the category identification and the consumption amount to multiple nodes in the blockchain network.
  • S206 The plurality of nodes establish a second correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the consumed virtual resource, and store the second correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger.
  • the category identifier and the consumption amount may be sent to the multi-blockchain network.
  • Nodes The meanings of the multiple nodes are the same as the multiple nodes in the method shown in FIG. 1. For related explanations, refer to the foregoing, and details are not described herein again.
  • the plurality of nodes will establish a second correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the consumed virtual resource, and store the second correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger.
  • a second correspondence relationship generated by one crowdfunding is actually a consumption record of virtual resources corresponding to the project category.
  • the first correspondence relationship containing the category identifier of the project category actually represents the increase of the virtual resource corresponding to the project category
  • the second correspondence relationship containing the category identifier of the project category actually represents The reduction of virtual resources corresponding to the project category.
  • the manner in which the plurality of nodes store the second correspondence relationship in their own shared ledger may be to modify the virtual resource of the consumed amount included in the second correspondence relationship to a negative value and store it.
  • Table 4 shows the delivery records and consumption records stored on the shared ledger.
  • the balance of the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be determined.
  • the record is a delivery record, and if the points in the record are negative, the record is a consumption record.
  • each consumption record on the blockchain in order to make each consumption record on the blockchain include the identity information of the corresponding crowdfunding node, before step S206, the crowdfunding node sends its own node identification to the multiple Node, in step S206, the plurality of nodes establish a second correspondence relationship among the category identifier, the consumption amount, and the node identifier.
  • each consumption record contains the initiator information (that is, the node identification of the crowdfunding node) of the public welfare project that consumes the scarecrow
  • each delivery record contains the information of the delivery party (that is, the node identification of the delivery node).
  • the crowdfunding node converts the consumed virtual resources into properties for funding the crowdfunding project.
  • crowdfunding users can quickly raise virtual resources required to implement crowdfunding projects through crowdfunding nodes.
  • Crowdfunding users can use the collected virtual resources to request conversion to the corresponding property to the specified device described above.
  • Zhang San wants to organize an event to commemorate the XX anniversary of the death of Borges.
  • Zhang San can launch a crowdfunding project.
  • the project information of the crowdfunding project includes "Commemorating Bor
  • the budget for the XX anniversary of Hess's death is 30,000 yuan.
  • Zhang San can use a mobile phone (crowdfunding node) to determine the number of scarecrows required to implement this event is 300 (one scarecrow can be exchanged for 100 yuan), and then the identity identification (ie category identification, such as Borges) of Borges -Argentina-18990824) and 300 (amount of consumption) are sent to multiple nodes in the blockchain network, and the multiple nodes establish a second correspondence between Borges-Argentina-18990824 and 300, and the following Consumption records are stored in its own shared ledger.
  • identity identification ie category identification, such as Borges
  • 300 amount of consumption
  • the crowdfunding node may send the project information to multiple nodes in the blockchain network, so that the multiple nodes are confirming After the item information is described, a second correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the consumed virtual resource is established, and the second correspondence relationship is stored in its own shared ledger.
  • the crowdfunding node cannot freely withdraw from the virtual resources corresponding to the category identifier, but instead submits the project information of the crowdfunding project it initiated to the multiple nodes for review, the multiple nodes After the confirmation (that is, the verification is passed), the crowdfunding node can successfully withdraw the required virtual resources from the virtual resources corresponding to the category identifier.
  • the delivery node may specify additional conditions when performing virtual resource delivery. Based on this, when the multiple nodes are reviewing a crowdfunding project, if there is an additional condition on the virtual resources requested by the crowdfunding project, the multiple nodes may review according to the additional condition.
  • the node reviews the item information according to the first additional condition, and if the item information meets the first additional condition, With additional conditions, the node determines that the project information passes the audit. If the project information does not meet the first additional condition, the node determines that the project information fails the audit; the first additional condition is that the A node ID corresponding to the node and an additional condition corresponding to the category identifier; when the first additional condition does not exist, the node determines that the project information passes the audit; and if the multiple nodes target the project information If a consensus is reached through the review, the project information is confirmed.
  • the consensus strategies adopted by the multiple nodes for consensus on the project information through review can be various, such as simple voting rules or complex consensus mechanisms, which are not specifically limited in this specification. .
  • the following table 6 shows the delivery records stored on the current blockchain. It can be seen that the number of scarecrows corresponding to Borges is 8, among which 5 scarecrows are from Zhang San's delivery and 3 scarecrows are from Li Si Delivery. Therefore, even if Zhang San specified the attachment conditions when delivering the scarecrow, the multiple nodes may not have to consider when reviewing the crowdfunding project, but allow Wang Wu to take priority to the scarecrow delivered by Li Si (no additional conditions) .
  • nodes corresponding to the category identifier of the item category form a node set corresponding to the item category.
  • the multiple nodes confirm the project information of the crowdfunding project, which may specifically be:
  • Each node set determines whether to confirm the item information, and if each node set reaches a consensus on confirming the item information, the plurality of nodes confirm the item information.
  • the process of determining whether to confirm the item information by the node set corresponding to the item category may be as follows:
  • the node reviews the item information according to the second additional condition, and if the item information meets the second additional condition, Then the node determines that the project information passes the audit, and if the project information does not meet the second additional condition, the node determines that the project information fails the audit;
  • the second additional condition is that the node with the node Identification, and additional conditions corresponding to the category identification of the project category;
  • the node determines that the project information passes the review
  • each node in the node set fails to reach a consensus on the item information through review, the node set refuses to confirm the item information.
  • Li Si sends the project information of the crowdfunding project to Zhang San and Wang Wu.
  • the nodes that need to review the project information are Zhang San, Li Si, and Wang Wu. Among them, Zhang San and Li Si form a Borges correspondence.
  • the node set 1 of Wang and Wang Wu form the node set 2 corresponding to Carver.
  • Node set 1 will internally agree on whether the project information has passed the audit, and node set 2 will also internally agree on whether the project information has passed the audit. Assuming that the consensus rule is "subject to the majority opinion", since Zhang San specified the additional condition "only for the renovation of the former residence" when delivering the scarecrow to Borges, the node set 1 failed Reach consensus on the project information through review.
  • the crowdfunding project initiated by the crowdfunding node has successfully raised the property
  • the crowdfunding project can be implemented.
  • the use of the raised property can also be broadcasted by the crowdfunding node to the blockchain network, and multiple nodes in the blockchain network will be deposited in the blockchain for publicity.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device.
  • a number of project categories are preset, and Each item category is assigned a category identifier, and the device includes:
  • the obtaining module 301 obtains a category identifier and a resource amount specified by a delivery user
  • a construction module 302 which constructs a target transaction based on the category identifier and the resource amount
  • the broadcasting module 303 broadcasts the target transaction to the blockchain network, so that multiple nodes in the blockchain network obtain the target transaction, and after verifying the target transaction consensus, establishes the target transaction A first correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the amount of resources, and storing the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a blockchain-based virtual resource delivery device.
  • a number of target categories are preset, and Each item category is assigned a category identifier, and the device includes:
  • the obtaining module 401 obtains a target transaction and performs consensus verification on the target transaction.
  • the target transaction is a delivery node in a blockchain network based on a category identifier and a resource amount specified by a delivery user and constructs the target transaction to the blockchain network.
  • the establishment module 402 if the consensus verification is passed, establish a first correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the resource amount, and store the first correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the virtual resources corresponding to the project category can be converted into property for funding the crowdfunding project corresponding to the project category.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a blockchain-based crowdfunding device, as shown in FIG. 5, and based on the virtual resource delivery shown in FIG. 1.
  • the crowdfunding device includes:
  • the acquisition module 501 acquires project information of a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and determines a category identifier of a project category corresponding to the crowdfunding project;
  • the determining module 502 determines a consumption amount according to the budget information included in the project information
  • a sending module 503 sends the category identifier and the consumption amount to multiple nodes in the blockchain network, so that the multiple nodes establish a virtual resource between the category identifier and the virtual resource of the consumption amount.
  • a second correspondence relationship and storing the second correspondence relationship in its own shared ledger;
  • the conversion module 504 converts the consumed virtual resources into properties for funding the crowdfunding project.
  • the embodiments of the present specification also provide a blockchain-based crowdfunding device, as shown in FIG. 6, and based on the virtual resource delivery shown in FIG. 1.
  • the crowdfunding device includes:
  • the receiving module 601 receives a category identifier and a consumption amount sent by a crowdfunding node; the category identifier is a category identifier of a project category corresponding to a crowdfunding project initiated by a crowdfunding user, and the consumption amount is the crowdfunding node according to the The project information of the crowdfunding project is determined by the budget information;
  • the establishing module 602 is configured to establish a second correspondence relationship between the category identifier and the consumed virtual resource, and store the second correspondence into its own shared ledger; the consumed virtual resource can be converted into Property to fund the crowdfunding project.
  • An embodiment of the present specification further provides a computer device including at least a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the program to implement part 2 of the inventive content when the program is executed.
  • a computer device including at least a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the program to implement part 2 of the inventive content when the program is executed. Function of the method according to any of the aspects 3, 5, and 6.
  • FIG. 7 shows a more specific schematic diagram of a hardware structure of a computing device provided by an embodiment of the present specification.
  • the device may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, an input / output interface 1030, a communication interface 1040, and a bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040 implement a communication connection within the device through a bus 1050.
  • the processor 1010 may be implemented by a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute related Program to implement the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present specification.
  • a general-purpose CPU Central Processing Unit
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the memory 1020 may be implemented in the form of ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), static storage devices, dynamic storage devices, and the like.
  • the memory 1020 may store an operating system and other application programs.
  • related program codes are stored in the memory 1020 and are called and executed by the processor 1010.
  • the input / output interface 1030 is used to connect an input / output module to implement information input and output.
  • the input / output / module can be configured in the device as a component (not shown in the figure), or it can be externally connected to the device to provide corresponding functions.
  • the input device may include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, a microphone, various sensors, etc.
  • the output device may include a display, a speaker, a vibrator, and an indicator light.
  • the communication interface 1040 is used to connect a communication module (not shown in the figure) to implement communication interaction between the device and other devices.
  • the communication module can implement communication through a wired method (for example, USB, network cable, etc.), and can also implement communication through a wireless method (for example, mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).
  • the bus 1050 includes a path for transmitting information between various components of the device (for example, the processor 1010, the memory 1020, the input / output interface 1030, and the communication interface 1040).
  • the device may also include necessary for achieving normal operation Other components.
  • the foregoing device may also include only components necessary to implement the solutions of the embodiments of the present specification, and does not necessarily include all the components shown in the drawings.
  • the embodiment of the present specification also provides a blockchain-based crowdfunding system, as shown in FIG. 8, including a plurality of blockchain nodes; for each blockchain node, the blockchain node has a part of implementing the invention content Function of the method according to at least one of the second, third, fifth, and sixth aspects.
  • the embodiments of the present specification also provide a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the functions of the method described in any one of aspects 2, 3, 5, and 6 of the Summary of the Invention.
  • Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-persistent, removable and non-removable media.
  • Information storage can be accomplished by any method or technology.
  • Information may be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data.
  • Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), and read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, read-only disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, Magnetic tape cartridges, magnetic tape storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmitting medium may be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device.
  • computer-readable media does not include temporary computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
  • the embodiments of the present specification can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary universal hardware platform. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present specification may be embodied in the form of a software product that is essentially or contributes to the existing technology.
  • the computer software product may be stored in a storage medium such as ROM / RAM, Magnetic disks, optical disks, and the like include a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or portions of the embodiments of this specification.
  • the system, method, module, or unit described in the foregoing embodiments may be specifically implemented by a computer chip or entity or a product with a certain function.
  • a typical implementation device is a computer, and the specific form of the computer may be a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email sending and receiving device, and a game control Desk, tablet computer, wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
  • the transaction described in this specification refers to a piece of data created by a user through a client of the blockchain and that needs to be finally published to the distributed database of the blockchain.
  • a narrow transaction refers to a value transfer issued by a user to the blockchain; for example, in a traditional Bitcoin blockchain network, a transaction can be a transfer initiated by a user in the blockchain.
  • the generalized transaction refers to a piece of business data with business intent issued by the user to the blockchain; for example, an operator can build an alliance chain based on actual business needs and rely on the alliance chain to deploy other types that are not related to value transfer.
  • Online business (such as renting business, vehicle scheduling business, insurance claims business, credit services, medical services, etc.), and in this type of alliance chain, the transaction can be a business with business intent issued by the user in the alliance chain Message or business request.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
  • the apparatus and equipment embodiments since they are basically similar to the method embodiments, they are described relatively simply, and for the relevant parts, refer to the description of the method embodiments.
  • the method embodiments described above are only schematic, and the modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated.
  • the functions of each module may be the same. Or multiple software and / or hardware. Some or all of the modules may also be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without creative efforts.

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Abstract

公开了一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付、众筹方法及装置。在区块链网络中，交付节点可以获取用户指定的类别标识和资源数额，然后基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额发起交易，交易通过多个节点的共识验证后，所述多个节点会建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本中。针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可以兑换成资产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。

Description

一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付、众筹方法及装置 技术领域
本说明书实施例涉及信息技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付、众筹方法及装置。
背景技术
随着区块链技术的发展，基于区块链实现各种各样的众筹项目成为可能。使用区块链技术，可以使得众筹项目的募资过程透明可追溯。
目前，基于区块链的众筹方法为，在区块链网络中，任一节点可以发起众筹项目，将该众筹项目的项目信息广播给全网的各节点。针对每个节点，若该节点在了解了该众筹项目的项目信息后，想要参与该众筹项目，则可以向发起该众筹项目的节点转账，转账记录会被存入区块链进行公示。
基于现有技术，需要更为多样化的基于区块链的众筹方法。
发明内容
为了实现更为多样化的基于区块链的众筹方法，本说明书实施例提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法、众筹方法及装置，技术方案如下：
根据本说明书实施例的第1方面，提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
区块链网络中的交付节点获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
所述交付节点基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
所述交付节点向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易；
所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；
若共识验证通过，则所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第2方面，提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
区块链网络中的交付节点获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易，以使所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，在对所述目标交易共识验证后，建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第3方面，提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
区块链网络中的多个节点获取目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；所述目标交易是区块链网络中的交付节点基于交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额构建并向所述区块链网络中广播的；
若共识验证通过，则建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第4方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于上述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
区块链网络中的众筹节点获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
所述众筹节点根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
所述众筹节点向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额；
所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
所述众筹节点将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第5方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于上述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
区块链网络中的众筹节点获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额，以使所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第6方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于上述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
区块链网络中的多个节点接收众筹节点发送的类别标识和消耗金额；所述类别标识是众筹用户发起的众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识，所述消耗金额是所述众筹节点根据所述众筹项目的项目信息包含的预算信息确定的；
建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；所述消耗数额的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第7方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹系统，包括多个区块链节点；
针对每个区块链节点，该区块链节点具有实现权利要求上述第2、3、5、6中至少一个方面所述方法的功能。
根据本说明书实施例的第8方面，提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
获取模块，获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
构建模块，基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
广播模块，向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易，以使所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，在对所述目标交易共识验证后，建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第9方面，提供一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
获取模块，获取目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；所述目标交易是区块链网络中的交付节点基于交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额构建并向所述区块链网络中广播的；
建立模块，若共识验证通过，则建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第10方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹装置，基于上述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
获取模块，获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
确定模块，根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
发送模块，向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额，以使所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
兑换模块，将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
根据本说明书实施例的第11方面，提供一种基于区块链的众筹装置，基于上述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
接收模块，接收众筹节点发送的类别标识和消耗金额；所述类别标识是众筹用户发起的众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识，所述消耗金额是所述众筹节点根据所述众筹项目的项目信息包含的预算信息确定的；
建立模块，建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；所述消耗数额的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案，在区块链网络中，交付节点可以获取用户指定的类别标识和资源数额，然后基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额发起交易，交易通过多个节点的共识验证后，所述多个节点会建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本中。针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可以兑换成资产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。也就是说，用户可以针对自己支持的项目类别提前进行资助，资助记录透明可追溯。用户无需等到有人发起具体的众筹项目时，才能通过了解该众筹项目来判断该众筹项目是否属于自己较为关注的项目类别，并基于判断结果决定是否进行资助。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性和解释性的，并不能限制本说明书实施例。
此外，本说明书实施例中的任一实施例并不需要达到上述的全部效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书实施例中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法的流程示意图；
图2是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的众筹方法的流程示意图；
图3是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置的结构示意图；
图4是本说明书实施例提供的另一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置的结构示意图；
图5是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的众筹装置的结构示意图；
图6是本说明书实施例提供的另一种基于区块链的众筹装置的结构示意图；
图7是用于配置本说明书实施例方法的一种设备的结构示意图；
图8是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的众筹系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
区块链技术本质上是一种分布式存储技术，区块链网络中的各节点基于共识机制，可以对节点间的交易进行共识验证，然后将通过共识验证的交易存入自身的共享账本(也就是区块链)中，如此，就可以确保共享账本中的交易记录不可篡改且可追溯。正是由于区块链技术的这种特性，其在众筹业务领域具有巨大的应用前景。
但是，现有的基于区块链的众筹方法较为单一，用户仅能被动地针对他人发起的众筹项目进行资助。
此外，由于人与人之间存在信仰、阅历、经济能力等方面的差异，因此，针对某个众筹项目，有的人可能对该众筹项目感兴趣，有的人可能对该众筹项目不感兴趣。这就导致，一个众筹项目寻找到有资助意愿的人并不容易，募资过程可能旷日持久，不利于项目的快速落实。可见，现有的基于区块链的众筹方法还存在效率较低的问题。然而，目前并没有一种基于区块链的众筹方法，可以解决上述问题。
为此，在本说明书的一个或多个实施例中，预设若干项目类别，允许用户从中选择自己较为关注的项目类别，以交付虚拟资源的形式进行预资助，即用户不必等到具体的众筹项目被发起时才能进行资助，而是针对某个项目类别进行资助，后续，该项目类别对应的某个众筹项目被发起时，可以直接支取用户之前资助的财产。
换言之，用户不需要被动地针对别人发起的一个个具体的众筹项目进行了解后决定是否资助，而是主动地针对自己关注的一些项目类别，交付虚拟资源，用户针对某个项目类别交付了虚拟资源，就相当于针对该项目类别进行了资助。虚拟资源可兑换成财产，一个项目类别对应的虚拟资源越多，意味着该项目类别对应的众筹项目可获得的资助也就越多。当该项目类别对应的某个众筹项目被发起时，可以直接从该项目类别对应的虚拟资源中进行支取，兑换成财产，尽快推进该众筹项目，而不必再花费时间进行募资。
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本说明书实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本说明书实施例中的附图，对本说明书实施例中的技术方案进行详细地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于保护的范围。
以下结合附图，详细说明本说明书各实施例提供的技术方案。
图1是本说明书实施例提供的一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法的流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
S100：区块链网络中的交付节点获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额。
S102：所述交付节点基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易。
在本说明书实施例中，可以预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识。其中，项目类别可以根据实际业务需要进行设置。
接下来，本文将提出一种业务场景，而在后文中的多处，将结合该业务场景对本发明技术方案进行具体说明。值得强调的是，该业务场景并不构成对本发明技术方案的限制，事实上，本发明技术方案所适用的业务场景是多种多样的，其可以是涉及众筹业务的任何具体业务场景，例如公益众筹。
本文提出的一种业务场景为，在实际生活中，文艺爱好者们经常会为了纪念某位已故文艺工作者，发起多种多样的众筹项目。例如，修缮博尔赫斯故居的众筹项目、聘请某位大学教授开办艾略特诗歌讲座的众筹项目等。
在这种业务场景(为了描述的方便，后文将这种业务场景称之为文艺场景)下，一个项目类别可以是一位已故文艺工作者，一个类别标识可以是一位已故文艺工作者的身份标识。
在本说明书实施例中，区块链网络中的节点可以是用户设备，具体可以是用户的手机、电脑或其他具有数据处理和存储功能的设备。需要说明的是，在后文中，为了述的方便，不再使用“用户对应的节点执行XX操作”这样的表述，而是直接使用“用户执行XX操作”这样的表述，应当理解，当有些操作仅适合设备执行时，“用户执行XX”的实际含义为，“用户对应的节点执行XX操作”。
还需要说明的是，用户需要将自己的用户设备接入区块链网络，使自己的用户设备称为区块链网络中的一个节点，才能够进行虚拟资源的交付。
在区块链网络中，任一用户都可以通过其对应的节点，针对某个项目类别交付虚拟资源(相当于进行资助)。所述交付用户实际上是指当前想要交付虚拟资源的用户，交付节点实际上是指交付用户对应的节点。
用户当想要进行针对某个项目类别进行虚拟资源交付时，可以指定该项目类别的类别标识，同时也需要指定一个资源数额。其中，所述资源数额是虚拟资源的计量值，所述虚拟资源本质上是在网络上可流通的有价值信息，具体可以是积分、代币、虚拟物品等。举例来说，虚拟资源为积分，用户指定的资源数额为20，意味着用户想要交付20分。
在本说明书实施例中，虚拟资源可以兑换成财产，所述财产可以是法定货币或其他具有价值的财物。虚拟资源与财产之间的兑换规则可以根据需要指定。例如，虚拟资源为积分，财产为人民币，虚拟资源与财产的兑换规则可以是1积分兑换1元人民币。
交付节点获取到交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额后，可以基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易。众所周知，在区块链技术领域，交易通常可以泛指具有业务意图的业务数据。在本说明书实施例中，所述目标交易实际上就是包含所述类别标识和所述资源数额的业务数据。
在所述文艺场景下，所述交付用户可以是想要针对某个已故文艺工作者进行虚拟资源交付的文艺爱好者，所述交付节点可以是该文艺爱好者对应的节点。举例来说，张三是博尔赫斯作品的忠实读者，张三若想要表示对博尔赫斯的支持和纪念，则可以针对预设的博尔赫斯的身份标识，发起一次虚拟资源交付操作。具体地，张三可以将博尔赫斯的身份标识(如Borges-Argentina-18990824)和自己想要交付的虚拟资源的资源数额(如200)输入到自己的手机，然后张三的手机可以基于Borges-Argentina-18990824和200，构建目标交易。
S104：所述交付节点向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易。
S106：所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证。
S108：若共识验证通过，则所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本。
在本说明书实施例中，所述交付节点构建好目标交易后，可以对所述目标交易进行广播，使得区块链网络中需要对所述目标交易进行共识验证的多个节点能够获取到所述目标交易。其中，所述多个节点可以是所述区块链网络中的全部节点，也可以是所述区块链网络中的部分节点。
所述多个节点对所述目标交易进行共识验证的事项可以包括所述交付节点对所述目标交易的签名是否合法，和/或所述目标交易在广播过程中是否被篡改。具体的验证方式是本领域技术人员所应当知晓的，本文不再赘述。
若所述目标交易通过所述多个节点的共识验证，则所述多个节点会建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本(也就是区块链)。
如此，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
此外需要说明的是，在实际应用中，针对每个项目类别，区块链网络中的任一节点都可以作为交付节点，针对该项目类别进行虚拟资源交付，一次交付会产生一个该项目类别的类别标识与一定资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系。
也就是说，针对每个项目类别，一次交付产生的一个第一对应关系实际上是该项目类别对应的交付记录。通过在共享账本上追溯该项目类别对应所有交付记录，就可以确定该项目类别对应的虚拟资源的交付累积额。
在文艺场景下，举例来说，所述虚拟资源可以是稻草人形象的电子符号。交付的一个“稻草人”可以代表对已故文艺工作者的一份纪念，一个“稻草人”可以兑换100元人民币。一个文艺爱好者针对某个已故文艺工作者进行一次稻草人交付，相当于请求接入区块链网络的其他文艺爱好者将此交付记录存入自身对应的共享账本中进行公示，此交付记录是不可篡改的。
针对每个已故文艺工作者的身份标识而言，该身份标识对应的交付累积额可以视为是该已故文艺工作者积攒的“人气”。
表1示出了，在文艺场景下，共享账本上存储的交付记录。
已故文艺工作者 稻草人数量
博尔赫斯 +5
加缪 +10
卡佛 +8
…… ……
博尔赫斯 +6
表1
如表1所示，一行对应于一个交付记录(即一次交付产生的一个第一对应关系)，各交付记录按照时间先后顺序由上向下排列，各交付记录可能出自于不同的交付节点。通过在共享账本中进行追溯，可以确定每个已故文艺工作者的“人气”。例如，可以确定博尔赫斯的“人气”为5+6＝11。
此外，前文所述的实施方式仅是将一次交付所针对的项目类别的类别标识和相应的资源数额存入共享账本进行记录，而未将交付节点的身份信息存入共享账本进行记录。
为了在交付记录中体现出交付节点的身份信息，可以在步骤S102中，基于所述类别标识、所述资源数额和所述交付节点的节点标识，构建目标交易。相应地，在步骤S108中，所述目标交易通过所述多个节点的共识验证后，所述多个节点可以建立所述类别标识、所述资源数额、所述节点标识之间的第一对应关系，将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本。
通过这种方式，在所述文艺场景下，共享账本上存储的交付记录可以如表2所示。
已故文艺工作者 交付节点 稻草人数量
博尔赫斯 张三 +5
加缪 李四 +10
卡佛 王五 +8
……   ……
卡佛 李四 +6
表2
在本说明书实施例中，当参与对所述目标交易的共识验证的所述多个节点是区块链网络中的部分节点时，所述多个节点具体可以是符合指定条件的节点。所述指定条件为，是节点标识与所述类别标识具有第一对应关系的节点，或是预先指定的节点。也就是说，可以对所述目标交易进行共识验证的节点，要么是针对所述类别标识的项目类别进行过虚拟资源交付的节点，要么是预先指定的节点。
此处有必要对所述预先指定的节点进行说明。如果要求只有针对所述类别标识的项目类别进行过虚拟资源交付的节点，才有资格参与对基于所述类别标识构建的交易的共识验证，那么会导致，针对所述区块链网络中每个节点而言，该节点的仅会存储该节点资助过的项目类别所对应的交付记录。为此，为了使得区块链网络中存在至少一个存储有全部项目类别对应的交付记录(即全量的交付记录)的节点，可以预先指定至少一个节点，该预先指定的节点可以参与对任何节点广播的交易的共识验证，也就可以将 每次交付(不论是针对哪个项目类别)产生的交付记录存入自身的共享账本。
举例来说，在所述文艺场景下，可以规定：针对每个文艺工作者而言，只有针对该文艺工作者交付过虚拟资源的节点，才能参与对与该文艺工作者有关的交易的共识验证。假设一个用户针对多个文艺工作者都进行过虚拟资源交付，那么这个用户就有权参与对与这多个文艺工作者之一有关的所有交易的共识验证。此外，还可以规定，设置一个拥有较高权限的节点，该节点可以参与针对所有交易的共识验证，并存储全量的记录。
在本说明书中，交付用户可以拥有一定量的虚拟资源，然后以自己拥有的虚拟资源的总额为限，通过交付节点进行虚拟资源交付(情况一)。交付用户也可以不拥有虚拟资源，而是在进行虚拟资源交付时，承诺一个资源数额，待后续需要将其交付的所述资源数额的虚拟资源兑现成财产时，交付用户再支付等价的财产(情况二)。
对于情况一，具体可以预先针对区块链网络中的每个节点，为该节点创建用于存储虚拟资源的虚拟资源账户，该虚拟资源账户由指定设备进行管理。其中，所述指定设备可以负责将虚拟资源兑现为财产的设备。
如此，在所述目标交易通过所述多个节点的共识验证后，交付节点可以将所述资源数额发送给所述指定设备，以使所述指定设备从所述交付节点的虚拟资源账户中扣除所述资源数额的虚拟资源。
另外，对于情况一，本说明书实施例还提供了一种虚拟资源充值的方法。具体地，所述交付节点可以获取交付用户指定的充值数额，然后向所述指定设备发送所述充值数额，以使所述指定设备将所述充值数额的虚拟资源存入所述交付节点对应的虚拟资源账户，并从所述交付用户的财产账户中扣除与所述充值数额的虚拟资源等价的财产。其中，所述交付用户的财产账户可以是用户的银行账户、电子支付账户等。
例如，假设虚拟资源(积分)与财产(人民币)之间的兑换规则为1个积分兑换100人民币，那么用户可以花费500元人民币为自己的用户设备对应的虚拟资源账户中充值5个积分。
还需要说明的是，对于情况一，交付节点向区块链网络中广播所述目标交易后，所述多个节点对所述目标交易进行共识验证的事项还可以包括：所述交付节点对应的虚拟资源账户的余额是否充足(即验证虚拟资源账户中的虚拟资源的数额是否不小于所述资源数额)。
通过图1所示的基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，用户可以主动地，以针对某个项目类别交付虚拟资源的方式，针对某个项目类别对应的未来可能出现的各种众筹项目进行捐赠。用户发起某个项目类别的众筹项目时，可以直接从该项目类别对应的虚拟资源中进行支取，兑换成财产，从而可以尽快推进该众筹项目的落实。
另外，在本说明书实施例中，在步骤S102之前，所述交付节点可以获取所述交付用户指定的附加条件。在步骤S102中，所述交付节点可以基于所述类别标识、所述资源数额、所述交付节点的节点标识和所述附加条件，构建目标交易。在步骤S108中，所述多个节点可以建立所述类别标识、所述资源数额的虚拟资源、所述节点标识、所述附加条件之间的第一对应关系。
其中，交付用户在进行虚拟资源交付时，可以根据自己的需要指定任何附加条件，当有人发起公益项目，请求支取存在附加条件的虚拟资源时，需要符合该附加条件，才能成功支取这部分虚拟资源。所述附加条件具体可以是交付用户在进行虚拟资源交付时，对其交付的虚拟资源的用途进行的限定。
例如，参见表2，对于第一行的交付记录而言，假设张三当初在进行稻草人交付时，指定了附加条件“仅限用于故居修缮事宜”，针对第三行交付记录而言，假设王五当初在进行稻草人交付时，指定了附加条件“仅限用于文艺讲座事宜”，那么，表2的更完整形式可以参见表3。
已故文艺工作者 交付节点 稻草人数量 附加条件
博尔赫斯 张三 +5 仅限用于故居修缮事宜
加缪 李四 +10  
卡佛 王五 +8 仅限用于文艺讲座事宜
……   ……  
卡佛 李四 +6  
表3
至于所述限制条件在众筹时如何发挥作用，后文将进行说明。
基于前文所述的基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，本说明书实施例还提供的一种基于区块链的众筹方法，图2是相应的流程示意图，包括以下步骤：
S200：区块链网络中的众筹节点获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并 确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识。
在区块链网络中，任一节点都可以发起众筹项目进行众筹。为了描述的方便，将2所示的众筹方法的执行主体称为“众筹节点”，将所述众筹节点对应的用户称为“众筹用户”。
在本说明书实施例中，众筹用户可以通过众筹节点发起众筹项目，众筹节点获取所述众筹项目的项目信息，以及确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识。其中，众筹用户可以直接向众筹节点提供所述类别标识，或者，众筹节点可以根据所述项目信息中包含的关键字，确定所述类别标识。
S202：所述众筹节点根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定所述预算信息对应的消耗数额。
所述预算信息中包括落实所述众筹项目所需的财产的数额。众筹节点可以根据所述预算信息和预设的虚拟资源和财产的兑换规则，确定消耗数额。所述消耗数额即是为了兑换得到所述预算信息中的财产数额，所要消耗的虚拟资源的数额。
S204：所述众筹节点向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额。
S206：所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本。
在本说明书实施例中，当众筹节点得到所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识和相应的消耗数额时，可以将所述类别标识和所述消耗数额发送给区块链网络中的多个节点。所述多个节点与图1所示的方法中的多个节点的含义相同，相关解释可参照前文，此处不再赘述。
所述多个节点会建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本。其中，针对每个项目类别，一次众筹产生的一个第二对应关系实际上是该项目类别对应的虚拟资源的消耗记录。
可见，针对每个项目类别，包含该项目类别的类别标识的第一对应关系实际上表征了该项目类别对应的虚拟资源的增量，包含该项目类别的类别标识的第二对应关系实际上表征了该项目类别对应的虚拟资源的减量。
进一步地，所述多个节点将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本的方式，可 以是将所述第二对应关系中包含的所述消耗数额的虚拟资源修改为负值后存储。例如，表4示出了共享账本上存储的交付记录和消耗记录。
通过在共享账本上追溯某个项目类别对应所有资助记录和所有花费记录，就可以确定该项目类别对应的虚拟资源的余额。
已故文艺工作者 稻草人数量
博尔赫斯 +5
加缪 +10
卡佛 -8
…… ……
博尔赫斯 -3
表4
如表4所示，针对每个记录，若该记录中的积分为正值，则说明该记录是交付记录，若该记录中的积分为负值，则说明该记录是消耗记录。
在本说明书实施例中，为了使得区块链上的每个消耗记录中包含相应的众筹节点的身份信息，在步骤S206之前，所述众筹节点将自身的节点标识发送给所述多个节点，在步骤S206中，所述多个节点建立所述类别标识、所述消耗数额、所述节点标识之间的第二对应关系。如表5所示，每个消耗记录包含消耗稻草人的公益项目的发起方信息(即众筹节点的节点标识)，每个交付记录包含交付稻草人的交付方信息(即交付节点的节点标识)。
已故文艺工作者 交付节点/众筹节点 稻草人数量
博尔赫斯 张三 +5
加缪 李四 +10
卡佛 王五 -8
……   ……
博尔赫斯 李四 -3
表5
S208：所述众筹节点将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
通过图2所示的基于区块链的众筹方法，众筹用户可以通过众筹节点快速筹集到落实众筹项目所需的虚拟资源。众筹用户可以使用筹集到的虚拟资源，向前文所述的指定设备请求兑换成相应的财产。
以文艺场景举例来说，假设某个文艺爱好者张三想要组织一次纪念博尔赫斯逝世XX周年活动，张三可以发起一个众筹项目，该众筹项目的项目信息包括“纪念博尔赫斯逝世XX周年活动，预算为3万元”。张三可以通过手机(众筹节点)确定落实此次活动所需的稻草人数量为300个(一个稻草人可兑换成100元)，然后将博尔赫斯对应的身份标识(即类别标识，如Borges-Argentina-18990824)和300(消耗数额)发送给所述区块链网络中的多个节点，所述多个节点建立Borges-Argentina-18990824和300之间的第二对应关系，并将如下的消耗记录存入自身的共享账本。
Borges-Argentina-18990824 -300
此外，在图2所示的众筹方法中，在步骤S208之前，众筹节点可以向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述项目信息，以使所述多个节点在确认所述项目信息后，建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本。如此，众筹节点并不能从所述类别标识对应的虚拟资源中进行自由地支取，而是要将其发起的众筹项目的项目信息提交给所述多个节点进行审核，所述多个节点确认(即审核通过)后，所述众筹节点才能从所述类别标识对应的虚拟资源中成功支取所需的虚拟资源。
在所述文艺场景下，可以规定：针对每个艺术家，针对该艺术家进行过虚拟资源交付的用户才有资格参与对与该艺术家有关的众筹项目的审核。
进一步地，如前所述，交付节点在进行虚拟资源交付时，可以指定附加条件。基于此，所述多个节点在对众筹项目进行审核时，如果众筹项目所请求支取的虚拟资源上存在附加条件，则所述多个节点可以根据该附加条件进行审核。
具体地，针对所述多个节点中的每个节点，当存在第一附加条件时，该节点根据所述第一附加条件对所述项目信息进行审核，若所述项目信息符合所述第一附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核，若所述项目信息不符合所述第一附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息未通过审核；所述第一附加条件是，与该节点的节点标识对 应，且与所述类别标识相对应的附加条件；当不存在所述第一附加条件时，该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核；所述多个节点若针对所述项目信息通过审核达成共识，则确认所述项目信息。
其中，所述多个节点针对所述项目信息通过审核进行共识时所采用的共识策略可以是多样的，例如可以是简单的投票规则，也可以是复杂的共识机制，本说明书对此不作具体限制。
假设王五发起了众筹项目“纪念博尔赫斯逝世XX周年活动，预算为300元”，可见，王五需要从博尔赫斯对应稻草人中支取3个稻草人。假设表3示出了当前区块链上存储的交付记录，可知，博尔赫斯对应的稻草人的数量余额为5，且全部来自于张三的交付。而张三在交付稻草人时，指定了附加条件“仅限用于故居修缮事宜”，因此，所述多个节点事实上不会针对该众筹项目通过审核达成共识，王五无法支取到3稻草人。
还是沿用此例。假设下表6示出了当前区块链上存储的交付记录，可知，博尔赫斯对应的稻草人的数量余额为8，其中5个稻草人来自于张三的交付，3个稻草人来自于李四的交付。因此，哪怕张三交付稻草人时指定了附件条件，所述多个节点在对该众筹项目进行审核时，也可以不必考虑，而是允许王五优先支取李四交付的稻草人(没有附加条件)。
Figure PCTCN2019076011-appb-000001
表6
另外，实际应用中，针对每个项目类别，所述多个节点中，节点标识与该项目类别的类别标识对应的节点组成该项目类别对应的节点集合。当众筹用户可以发起涉及多个项目类别的众筹项目时，所述多个节点确认该众筹项目的项目信息，具体可以是：
各节点集合分别决定是否确认所述项目信息，若各节点集合针对确认所述项目信息达成共识，则所述多个节点确认所述项目信息。
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的节点集合决定是否确认所述项目信息的流程可以如下：
1、针对该节点集合中的每个节点，当存在第二附加条件时，该节点根据所述第二附加条件对所述项目信息进行审核，若所述项目信息符合所述第二附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核，若所述项目信息不符合所述第二附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息未通过审核；所述第二附加条件是，与该节点的节点标识相对应，且与该项目类别的类别标识相对应的附加条件；
2、当不存在所述第二附加条件时，该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核；
3、若该节点集合中的各节点针对所述项目信息通过审核达成共识，则该节点集合确认所述项目信息；
4、若该节点集合中的各节点针对所述项目信息通过审核未达成共识，则该节点集合拒绝确认所述项目信息。
举例来说，假设李四发起了众筹项目“博尔赫斯和卡佛作品对比评析讲座，预算为1600元”，可见，王五需要从博尔赫斯对应稻草人和卡佛对应的稻草人中总共支取16个稻草人。假设表6示出了当前区块链上存储的交付记录，可知，博尔赫斯对应的稻草人的数量余额为8，卡佛对应的稻草人的数量余额也为8，并且，张三在针对博尔赫斯交付稻草人时，指定了附加条件“仅限用于故居修缮事宜”，王五在针对卡佛交付稻草人时，指定了附件条件“仅限用于文艺讲座事宜”。
李四将该众筹项目的项目信息发送给张三和王五，需要对该项目信息进行审核的节点为张三、李四、王五，其中，张三和李四组成博尔赫斯对应的节点集合1，王五组成卡佛对应的节点集合2。节点集合1内部会针对该项目信息是否通过审核进行共识，节点集合2内部也会针对该项目信息是否通过审核进行共识。假设共识规则为“以大多数意见为准”，那么，由于张三在针对博尔赫斯交付稻草人时，指定了附加条件“仅限用于故居修缮事宜”，因此，节点集合1内部未能针对该项目信息通过审核达成共识。即便节点集合2内部针对该项目信息通过审核达成共识，但是，节点集合1和节点集合2这两个集合之间，最终仍无法针对该项目信息通过审核达成共识。最终，李四发起的该众筹项目未能落实。
最后需要说明的是，众筹节点发起的众筹项目成功筹集到财产后，就可以开始落实该众筹项目。在该众筹项目落实过程中，对筹集到的财产的使用情况也可以被众筹节点广播到区块链网络中，被区块链网络中的多个节点存入区块链进行公示。
基于图1所示的基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，如图3所示，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
获取模块301，获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
构建模块302，基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
广播模块303，向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易，以使所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，在对所述目标交易共识验证后，建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
基于图1所示的基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，如图4所示，预设若干目标类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
获取模块401，获取目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；所述目标交易是区块链网络中的交付节点基于交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额构建并向所述区块链网络中广播的；
建立模块402，若共识验证通过，则建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
基于图2所示的基于区块链的众筹方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链的众筹装置，如图5所示，基于图1所示的的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
获取模块501，获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目 对应的项目类别的类别标识；
确定模块502，根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
发送模块503，向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额，以使所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
兑换模块504，将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
基于图2所示的基于区块链的众筹方法，本说明书实施例还对应提供了一种基于区块链的众筹装置，如图6所示，基于图1所示的的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
接收模块601，接收众筹节点发送的类别标识和消耗金额；所述类别标识是众筹用户发起的众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识，所述消耗金额是所述众筹节点根据所述众筹项目的项目信息包含的预算信息确定的；
建立模块602，建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；所述消耗数额的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机设备，其至少包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，处理器执行所述程序时实现发明内容部分第2、3、5、6任一方面所述方法的功能。
图7示出了本说明书实施例所提供的一种更为具体的计算设备硬件结构示意图，该设备可以包括：处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040和总线1050。其中处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040通过总线1050实现彼此之间在设备内部的通信连接。
处理器1010可以采用通用的CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理器)、微处理器、应用专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、或者一个或多个集成电路等方式实现，用于执行相关程序，以实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案。
存储器1020可以采用ROM(Read Only Memory，只读存储器)、RAM(Random Access Memory，随机存取存储器)、静态存储设备，动态存储设备等形式实现。存储 器1020可以存储操作系统和其他应用程序，在通过软件或者固件来实现本说明书实施例所提供的技术方案时，相关的程序代码保存在存储器1020中，并由处理器1010来调用执行。
输入/输出接口1030用于连接输入/输出模块，以实现信息输入及输出。输入输出/模块可以作为组件配置在设备中(图中未示出)，也可以外接于设备以提供相应功能。其中输入设备可以包括键盘、鼠标、触摸屏、麦克风、各类传感器等，输出设备可以包括显示器、扬声器、振动器、指示灯等。
通信接口1040用于连接通信模块(图中未示出)，以实现本设备与其他设备的通信交互。其中通信模块可以通过有线方式(例如USB、网线等)实现通信，也可以通过无线方式(例如移动网络、WIFI、蓝牙等)实现通信。
总线1050包括一通路，在设备的各个组件(例如处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030和通信接口1040)之间传输信息。
需要说明的是，尽管上述设备仅示出了处理器1010、存储器1020、输入/输出接口1030、通信接口1040以及总线1050，但是在具体实施过程中，该设备还可以包括实现正常运行所必需的其他组件。此外，本领域的技术人员可以理解的是，上述设备中也可以仅包含实现本说明书实施例方案所必需的组件，而不必包含图中所示的全部组件。
本说明书实施例还提供了一种基于区块链的众筹系统，如图8所示，包括多个区块链节点；针对每个区块链节点，该区块链节点具有实现发明内容部分第2、3、5、6中至少一个方面所述方法的功能。
本说明书实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现发明内容部分第2、3、5、6任一方面所述方法的功能。
计算机可读介质包括永久性和非永久性、可移动和非可移动媒体可以由任何方法或技术来实现信息存储。信息可以是计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序的模块或其他数据。计算机的存储介质的例子包括，但不限于相变内存(PRAM)、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、其他类型的随机存取存储器(RAM)、只读存储器(ROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、快闪记忆体或其他内存技术、只读光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)、数字多功能光盘(DVD)或其他光学存储、磁盒式磁带，磁带磁磁盘存储或其他磁性存储设备或任何其他非传输介质，可用于存储可以被计算设备访问的信息。按照本文中的界定，计算机可读介质不包括暂存电脑 可读媒体(transitory media)，如调制的数据信号和载波。
通过以上的实施方式的描述可知，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本说明书实施例可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。基于这样的理解，本说明书实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品可以存储在存储介质中，如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘等，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本说明书实施例各个实施例或者实施例的某些部分所述的方法。
上述实施例阐明的系统、方法、模块或单元，具体可以由计算机芯片或实体实现，或者由具有某种功能的产品来实现。一种典型的实现设备为计算机，计算机的具体形式可以是个人计算机、膝上型计算机、蜂窝电话、相机电话、智能电话、个人数字助理、媒体播放器、导航设备、电子邮件收发设备、游戏控制台、平板计算机、可穿戴设备或者这些设备中的任意几种设备的组合。
在本说明书中所描述的交易(transfer)，是指用户通过区块链的客户端创建，并需要最终发布至区块链的分布式数据库中的一笔数据。
其中，区块链中的交易，存在狭义的交易以及广义的交易之分。狭义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔价值转移；例如，在传统的比特币区块链网络中，交易可以是用户在区块链中发起的一笔转账。而广义的交易是指用户向区块链发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务数据；例如，运营方可以基于实际的业务需求搭建一个联盟链，依托于联盟链部署一些与价值转移无关的其它类型的在线业务(比如，租房业务、车辆调度业务、保险理赔业务、信用服务、医疗服务等)，而在这类联盟链中，交易可以是用户在联盟链中发布的一笔具有业务意图的业务消息或者业务请求。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于装置和设备实施例而言，由于其基本相似于方法实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的方法实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，在实施本说明书实施例方案时可以把各模块的功能在同一个或多个软件和/或硬件中实现。也可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
以上所述仅是本说明书实施例的具体实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本说明书实施例原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本说明书实施例的保护范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
    区块链网络中的交付节点获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
    所述交付节点基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
    所述交付节点向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易；
    所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；
    若共识验证通过，则所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，所述交付节点基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易，具体包括：
    所述交付节点基于所述类别标识、所述资源数额和所述交付节点的节点标识，构建目标交易；
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，具体包括：
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识、所述资源数额的虚拟资源、所述节点标识之间的第一对应关系。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，所述多个节点，具体包括：
    符合指定条件的节点；所述指定条件为，是节点标识与所述类别标识具有第一对应关系的节点，或是预先指定的节点。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的方法，在所述交付节点构建目标交易之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述交付节点获取所述交付用户指定的附加条件；
    所述交付节点基于所述类别标识、所述资源数额和所述交付节点的节点标识，构建目标交易，具体包括：
    所述交易节点基于所述类别标识、所述资源数额、所述交付节点的节点标识和所述附加条件，构建目标交易；
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识、所述资源数额的虚拟资源、所述节点标识之间的 第一对应关系，具体包括：
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识、所述资源数额的虚拟资源、所述节点标识、所述附加条件之间的第一对应关系。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法，预先针对区块链网络中的每个节点，为该节点创建用于存储虚拟资源的资源账户，该资源账户由指定设备进行管理；
    若所述目标交易通过共识验证，则所述方法还包括：
    所述交付节点将所述资源数额发送给所述指定设备，以使所述指定设备从所述交付节点的资源账户中扣除所述资源数额的虚拟资源。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，所述方法还包括：
    所述交付节点获取所述交付用户指定的充值数额；
    所述交付节点向所述指定设备发送所述充值数额，以使所述指定设备将所述充值数额的虚拟资源存入所述交付节点对应的资源账户，并从所述交付用户的财产账户中扣除与所述充值数额的虚拟资源等价的财产。
  7. 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
    区块链网络中的交付节点获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
    基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
    向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易，以使所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，在对所述目标交易共识验证后，建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
  8. 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法，预设若干目标类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述方法包括：
    区块链网络中的多个节点获取目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；所述目标交易是区块链网络中的交付节点基于交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额构建并向所述区块链网络中广播的；
    若共识验证通过，则建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
  9. 一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于权利要求1～6任一项所述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
    区块链网络中的众筹节点获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
    所述众筹节点根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
    所述众筹节点向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额；
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    所述众筹节点将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，在所述多个节点建立所述第二对应关系之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述众筹节点将自身的节点标识发送给所述多个节点；
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，具体包括：
    所述多个节点建立所述类别标识、所述消耗数额、所述节点标识之间的第二对应关系。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的方法，在所述多个节点建立所述第二对应关系之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述众筹节点向所述多个节点发送所述项目信息；
    所述多个节点确认所述项目信息。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的方法，所述多个节点确认所述项目信息，具体包括：
    针对所述多个节点中的每个节点，当存在第一附加条件时，该节点根据所述第一附加条件对所述项目信息进行审核，若所述项目信息符合所述第一附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核，若所述项目信息不符合所述第一附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息未通过审核；所述第一附加条件是，与该节点的节点标识相对应，且与所述类别标识相对应的附加条件；
    当不存在所述第一附加条件时，该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核；
    所述多个节点若针对所述项目信息通过审核达成共识，则确认所述项目信息。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的方法，所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的数量大于1；针对每个项目类别，所述多个节点中，节点标识与该项目类别的类别标识对应的节点组成该项目类别对应的节点集合；
    所述多个节点确认所述项目信息，具体包括：
    各节点集合分别决定是否确认所述项目信息；
    若各节点集合针对确认所述项目信息达成共识，则所述多个节点确认所述项目信息；
    针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的节点集合决定是否确认所述项目信息，具体包括：
    针对该节点集合中的每个节点，当存在第二附加条件时，该节点根据所述第二附加条件对所述项目信息进行审核，若所述项目信息符合所述第二附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核，若所述项目信息不符合所述第二附加条件，则该节点确定所述项目信息未通过审核；所述第二附加条件是，与该节点的节点标识相对应，且与该项目类别的类别标识相对应的附加条件；
    当不存在所述第二附加条件时，该节点确定所述项目信息通过审核；
    若该节点集合中的各节点针对所述项目信息通过审核达成共识，则该节点集合确认所述项目信息；
    若该节点集合中的各节点针对所述项目信息通过审核未达成共识，则该节点集合拒绝确认所述项目信息。
  14. 一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于权利要求1～6任一项所述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
    区块链网络中的众筹节点获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
    根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
    向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额，以使所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
  15. 一种基于区块链的众筹方法，基于权利要求1～6任一项所述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹方法包括：
    区块链网络中的多个节点接收众筹节点发送的类别标识和消耗金额；所述类别标识是众筹用户发起的众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识，所述消耗金额是所述众筹节点根据所述众筹项目的项目信息包含的预算信息确定的；
    建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二 对应关系存入自身的共享账本；所述消耗数额的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
  16. 一种基于区块链的众筹系统，包括多个区块链节点；
    针对每个区块链节点，该区块链节点具有实现权利要求7、8、14、15中至少一项所述方法的功能。
  17. 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，预设若干项目类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，获取交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额；
    构建模块，基于所述类别标识和所述资源数额构建目标交易；
    广播模块，向所述区块链网络中广播所述目标交易，以使所述区块链网络中的多个节点获取所述目标交易，在对所述目标交易共识验证后，建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
  18. 一种基于区块链的虚拟资源交付装置，预设若干目标类别，并为每个项目类别分配类别标识，所述装置包括：
    获取模块，获取目标交易，并对所述目标交易进行共识验证；所述目标交易是区块链网络中的交付节点基于交付用户指定的类别标识和资源数额构建并向所述区块链网络中广播的；
    建立模块，若共识验证通过，则建立所述类别标识与所述资源数额的虚拟资源之间的第一对应关系，并将所述第一对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    其中，针对每个项目类别，该项目类别对应的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助该项目类别对应的众筹项目。
  19. 一种基于区块链的众筹装置，基于权利要求1～6任一项所述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
    获取模块，获取众筹用户发起的众筹项目的项目信息，并确定所述众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识；
    确定模块，根据所述项目信息包含的预算信息，确定消耗数额；
    发送模块，向所述区块链网络中的多个节点发送所述类别标识和所述消耗数额，以使所述多个节点建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；
    兑换模块，将所述消耗数额的虚拟资源兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
  20. 一种基于区块链的众筹装置，基于权利要求1～6任一项所述的虚拟资源交付方法，所述众筹装置包括：
    接收模块，接收众筹节点发送的类别标识和消耗金额；所述类别标识是众筹用户发起的众筹项目对应的项目类别的类别标识，所述消耗金额是所述众筹节点根据所述众筹项目的项目信息包含的预算信息确定的；
    建立模块，建立所述类别标识与所述消耗数额的虚拟资源之间的第二对应关系，并将所述第二对应关系存入自身的共享账本；所述消耗数额的虚拟资源可兑换成财产，用于资助所述众筹项目。
  21. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求7或8所述的基于区块链的虚拟资源交付方法。
  22. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其中，所述处理器执行所述程序时实现如权利要求14或15所述的基于区块链的众筹方法。
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