WO2019205720A1 - 一种发声装置 - Google Patents

一种发声装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205720A1
WO2019205720A1 PCT/CN2018/125625 CN2018125625W WO2019205720A1 WO 2019205720 A1 WO2019205720 A1 WO 2019205720A1 CN 2018125625 W CN2018125625 W CN 2018125625W WO 2019205720 A1 WO2019205720 A1 WO 2019205720A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
sounding device
cavity
magnetic circuit
yoke
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/125625
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩志磊
朱婷
刘岩涛
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Publication of WO2019205720A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205720A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of acoustic-electrical switching technology, and more particularly to a sounding device.
  • Sounding devices are important components in electronic products that convert electrical signals into acoustic signals.
  • the development trend of electronic products is getting thinner and thinner, and in order to realize more functions, more and more components in electronic products are bound to make space for sounding devices smaller and smaller, and electronic products are paying more and more attention.
  • the user's music experience therefore requires the sound device to have better sound quality.
  • the sounding device has its own acoustic performance requirements, such as a magnetic circuit system with a sufficient size to meet the required back cavity volume and the like.
  • the performance of the speaker product with a small size inevitably has a certain degree of attenuation, which is not conducive to improving the user experience.
  • a sounding device comprising a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system, the magnetic circuit system comprising a magnetic yoke and a magnetic circuit portion disposed on one side of the magnetic yoke, on the magnetic yoke a side wall of the sounding device is combined with the first cavity in a direction opposite to the magnetic circuit portion;
  • a rib is disposed on a rim of the yoke, and a sidewall surrounding the first cavity includes the retaining wall, and a vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion is equal to or smaller than a vertical projection of the yoke.
  • a sound absorbing material is disposed in the first cavity.
  • the sound absorbing material comprises zeolite particles.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm, the first cavity is in communication with a back surface of the diaphragm, and a gas permeable spacer is disposed between the first cavity and the diaphragm.
  • the yoke is integrally formed with the retaining wall, or the retaining wall is sealingly welded to the rim of the yoke.
  • the vibration system is disposed in the housing, a vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion is smaller than a vertical projection of the housing, and the housing is larger than an area of the magnetic circuit portion
  • the housing has a vertical wall extending toward the first cavity, and the retaining wall and the vertical wall surround the first cavity.
  • the magnetic circuit portion includes a five-magnet magnetic circuit
  • the five-magnet magnetic circuit includes a central magnet and four side magnets, and the side magnets are symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the central magnet.
  • the retaining wall is adhesively sealed or welded to the vertical wall.
  • the housing is integrally injection molded.
  • a cover plate is further included, the cover plate sealing being disposed at an opening of the first cavity opposite to the magnetic circuit portion.
  • the cover plate is a metal plate.
  • the first cavity is provided with a sound absorbing material
  • the cover plate is provided with a first through hole for filling the sound absorbing material
  • the first through hole is provided with a gas permeable spacer.
  • the first cavity is provided with a sound absorbing material
  • the barrier wall is provided with a first through hole for filling the sound absorbing material
  • the first through hole is provided with a gas permeable spacer.
  • the first cavity is enclosed by the retaining wall.
  • the magnetic circuit portion includes a center magnet and an edge magnet, and the side magnet is annular.
  • a support member for supporting and fixing the vibration system is further included, and the vibration system is stacked with the support member.
  • the support member is made of a metal material.
  • a housing is further included, the vertical projection of the yoke being equal to or smaller than a vertical projection of the housing.
  • the magnetic circuit system is provided with a second cavity, and the second cavity is in communication with the first cavity.
  • the second cavity includes a second through hole disposed on the yoke and a groove or a third disposed on the magnet in the magnetic circuit portion corresponding to the second through hole Through hole.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm
  • the magnetic circuit system further includes a washer
  • the washer is disposed on a side of the magnetic circuit portion away from the magnetic yoke
  • the washer is A fourth through hole is disposed at a position corresponding to the third through hole, and the second cavity communicates with the back surface of the diaphragm through the fourth through hole.
  • the second through hole, the third through hole and the fourth through hole are the same size, and a ventilation member is disposed on a side of the fourth through hole near the diaphragm.
  • the third through hole is larger than the fourth through hole, and the fourth through hole is provided with a gas permeable spacer on a side close to the third through hole.
  • a lower surface of the washer is formed with a card slot, and the fourth through hole faces the third through hole
  • One side is provided with a gas permeable spacer that snaps into the card slot.
  • the second through hole is disposed at an intermediate position of the yoke.
  • the yoke is provided with an extension wall in a direction of the magnetic circuit portion, and the extension wall surrounds the magnetic circuit portion.
  • the magnetic circuit portion includes a center magnet
  • the vibration system has a voice coil
  • the voice coil is disposed between the extension wall and the center magnet.
  • the extension wall corresponds to the upper and lower walls.
  • one end of the extension wall is connected to one end of the barrier wall to form a groove, and the groove surrounds the magnetic circuit system.
  • a middle portion of the diaphragm is provided with a reinforcing portion, and the reinforcing portion has a pressure equalizing portion, and the equalizing portion is provided with a fifth through hole communicating with a space on both sides of the diaphragm
  • the fifth through hole is provided with a gas permeable damping net.
  • a plurality of fifth through holes are disposed on the pressure equalization zone.
  • the gas permeable damping net is a waterproof gas permeable membrane.
  • the present invention is capable of reducing the volume of the sounding device without reducing the volume of the magnetic circuit system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 2.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 3.
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 4.
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view showing the structure of a fifth embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 5.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 6;
  • Figure 15 is a schematic exploded view of the structure of Embodiment 6;
  • a sound generating device provided by the present invention includes a magnetic circuit system 1 and a vibration system 2.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 includes a yoke 11 and a magnetic circuit portion 13.
  • the magnetic path portion 13 is provided on one side of the yoke 11.
  • the side wall of the sounding device is surrounded by the first cavity 3, i.e., on the other side of the yoke 11 opposite to the side on which the magnetic circuit portion 13 is disposed,
  • the side wall of the device and the yoke 11 form a bowl-like structure with the yoke 11 as the bottom, and the bowl-shaped hollow region is the first cavity 3.
  • the first cavity 3 communicates with the back surface of the diaphragm 21 in the vibration system 2, and after the first cavity 3 is sealed away from the opening of the yoke 11, the first cavity 3 can become the sounding device.
  • the rear cavity is used to achieve the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the side wall of the sounding device is a structure constituting the surface of the sounding device, and may include a sound emitting device for accommodating or fixing the outer casing of the inner component, or may include a component for externally exposing the sounding device, and the surface of the sounding device can be formed.
  • a barrier wall 12 is disposed on an edge of the yoke 11 , and the sidewall of the first cavity 3 includes the barrier wall 12 , that is, the barrier wall 12 can form a surface of the sounding device.
  • the yoke and the sound emitting device as a whole are equally wide or/and equal in length in cross section, or approximately equal width or/and equal length.
  • the retaining wall 12 can be made of the same magnetic material as the yoke 11, and the magnetic conductive material is stronger than the usual injection molding material, can be made thinner under the same strength, and is beneficial to improve the first cavity.
  • the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13 is equal to or smaller than the vertical projection of the yoke 11, and those skilled in the art can understand that the magnitude relationship of the vertical projections may refer to the corresponding relationship of the outer edges of the vertical projection.
  • the housing yoke 11 is housed in the interior of the sound absorbing device and wrapped by the outer casing of the sound absorbing device.
  • At least the thickness of the side wall of the outer casing can be omitted to enlarge the magnetic circuit system 1 and improve the performance of the sounding device; or, can be When the volume of the original magnetic circuit system 1 is reduced, the volume of the sounding device is reduced, and the sounding device is miniaturized.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 is relatively large, which is advantageous for improving the performance of the sounding device.
  • it is also advantageous for miniaturization and integration of the sounding device, and has broad commercial application prospects.
  • the first cavity 3 is provided with a sound absorbing material, which can perform equivalent expansion on the first cavity 3, and is beneficial to achieve better acoustic performance under the same cavity size.
  • the sound absorbing material is a microporous sound absorbing material such as zeolite particles.
  • the zeolite particles may include a plurality of zeolite particles, each of which has a silica-alumina molar ratio of more than 200 or, in the absence of aluminum, better effecting equivalent expansion.
  • a gas permeable spacer 4 is disposed between the first cavity 3 and the back surface of the diaphragm 21 in the vibration system 2 for isolating the sound absorbing material, preventing the sound absorbing material from directly contacting the diaphragm 21, and affecting the sound absorbing device. Acoustic performance.
  • the gas permeable spacer 4 can allow air to pass through and prevent the sound absorbing material from passing through, and the specific structure and shape of the present application are not limited.
  • the yoke 11 is integrally formed with the retaining wall 12, which is beneficial to improve the integration of the first cavity 3 and the sounding device. Integration, reducing structural parts, maximally improving the structural stability and sealing of the first cavity 3, and ensuring its acoustic performance; or, as shown in Embodiment 2 of Figures 4-6, the retaining wall It is also possible to seal the 12 at the edge of the yoke 11, which is not limited in this application.
  • the sounding device further includes a housing 5.
  • the vibration system 2 is disposed within the housing 5.
  • the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13 is smaller than the vertical projection of the housing 5.
  • the casing 5 has a standing wall 51 that passes through the magnetic circuit portion 13 against the edge of the magnetic circuit portion 13, facing
  • the first cavity 3 extends in a direction, and the barrier wall 12 and the vertical wall 51 surround the first cavity 3, and on the one hand, facilitates production processing, and the magnetic yoke 11 corresponds to the magnetic circuit portion 13
  • the barrier wall 12 can be provided only at the outermost edge, and the inner edge is filled by the vertical wall 51 to achieve sealing.
  • the yoke 11 can be initially formed into a sheet shape, and the barrier wall 12 is formed by bending the outer side thereof.
  • the magnetic yoke 11 is integrally formed with the retaining wall 12; on the other hand, the magnetic circuit system 1 can be engaged and fixed by the arrangement of the plurality of vertical walls 51 to enhance the stability and firmness of the structure of the sounding device.
  • the magnetic circuit portion 13 includes a five-magnet magnetic circuit
  • the five-magnet magnetic circuit includes a central magnet 14 and four-sided magnets 15,
  • the side magnets 15 are symmetrically disposed on the outer side of the center magnet 14, and the vertical projection of the casing 5 is approximately rectangular, so that the four corners of the casing 5 do not correspond to the magnetic circuit portion 13, that is, the vertical projection of the casing 5 is larger than
  • the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13, or the vertical projection of the sounding device is greater than the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13.
  • the vertical projection of the yoke 11 is equal to the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13, so that the barrier wall 11 conforms to the vertical wall 51 and surrounds the first cavity 3.
  • the retaining wall 12 and the upright wall 51 may be sealingly connected by a connection manner that can ensure the sealing property of the first cavity 3 by bonding, welding, or the like.
  • the housing 5 may be integrally injection molded.
  • the sounding device further includes a cover plate 31, and the cover plate 31 is sealingly disposed on the opposite side of the first cavity 3 and the magnetic circuit portion 13.
  • the opening of the direction is used to close the first cavity 3 to ensure the acoustic function of the first cavity 3.
  • the cover 31 may not be provided, but the side of the first cavity 3 on the magnetic circuit system 1 may be directly closed on the casing of the application device, so that the first The internal volume of a cavity 3 is maximized and is not limited in this application.
  • the cover plate 31 is a metal plate, which is beneficial to reduce the thickness and increase the internal volume of the first cavity 3; and also helps to improve the heat dissipation performance of the sounding device.
  • the first cavity 3 is provided with a sound absorbing material.
  • the cover plate 31 is provided with a first through hole 32 for filling the sound absorbing material.
  • the first through hole 32 is provided with a gas permeable partition 4, which is separated by the gas permeable partition 4 after the sound absorbing material is filled through the first through hole 32, and prevents the sound absorbing material from leaving the first cavity 3 while After the separation, the first through hole 32 can also be used as a pressure equalizing hole to ensure the air pressure balance in the first cavity 3.
  • the first through hole 32 may also be disposed on the retaining wall 12, so that the cover 31 can be omitted.
  • the effective volume of the first cavity 3 is increased, thereby increasing the filling amount of the sound absorbing material, equivalently expanding, and enhancing the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the first cavity 3 is enclosed by the barrier wall 12, and the barrier wall 12 may be the side of the sounding device.
  • the wall allows the yoke to be maximized without exceeding the sounding device.
  • the first cavity 3 is also integrally formed, and the sealing performance is good, and the degree of integration of the sounding device is high.
  • the vertical projection of the yoke 11 may be equal to the vertical projection of the housing of the sounding device, and the internal space of the first cavity 3 can be relatively maximized.
  • the barrier wall 12 may not be the side wall of the sounding device.
  • the barrier rib 11 is disposed at the edge of the yoke 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, but It is also possible to provide the vertical wall 51 for fixing in the vacant place. Therefore, whether or not the retaining wall 12 is a side wall of the sounding device does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
  • the magnetic circuit portion 13 includes a central magnet 14 and a side magnet 15 that is annular and surrounds the central magnet 14.
  • the vertical projection of the magnetic circuit portion 13 may be equal to or close to the The vertical projection of the sounding device as a whole, the yoke 11 also corresponds to a vertical projection of the sounding device as a whole.
  • the sounding device further includes a support member 52 for supporting and fixing the vibration system 2, and the vibration system 2 is stacked with the support member 52.
  • the setting is convenient for the assembly, assembly and disassembly of the sounding device.
  • the open side of the first cavity 3 of the magnetic circuit system 1 can be first closed, for example, closed by a cover plate or directly closed on the housing of the application device, and then passed to the opening of the magnetic circuit portion 13
  • the sound absorbing material is internally filled, and after the filling is completed, the gas permeable spacer 4 is used for separation, and then the other components such as the support member 52 and the vibration system 3 are fixedly connected to complete the assembly.
  • the support member 52 for supporting the fixed vibration system 3 is made of a metal material
  • laser welding technology can be used for re-assembly to weld it together with the washer, which can improve the assembly strength and enhance the structural stability. It is also possible to improve the heat dissipation of the entire sounding device.
  • the cover plate 31 and the like are also made of a metal material, and the cover plate 31, the magnetic circuit system 1, the metal support member 52, the electrical connection member 23 (FPCB), and the diaphragm are connected.
  • Most of the 21 structures are made of metal, which can be stacked by metal welding or/and bonding, which can improve heat dissipation and facilitate assembly and separation.
  • the vertical projection of the yoke 11 may be equal to or smaller than the vertical projection of the housing 5 and the support member 52 on the sounding device, thereby improving the integration of the sounding device. It is convenient for the assembly of the sounding device.
  • the yoke 11 can be maximized without exceeding the sounding device, enabling the first The internal space of the cavity 3 is maximized and the magnetic circuit system is maximized.
  • the sounding device can be formed into a regular shape such as a rectangular parallelepiped, which is convenient to be installed in the device, and also contributes to miniaturization of the sounding device and reduces the occupation of the space volume in the device.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 is provided with a second cavity 6, the second cavity 6 and the first cavity 3
  • the connection can increase the volume of the rear cavity of the sounding device, and is beneficial to improve the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • the second cavity 6 includes a second through hole 61 disposed on the yoke 11 and a corresponding communication with the second through hole 61 disposed on the magnet in the magnetic circuit portion 13
  • a groove or third through hole 62 forms the second cavity 6. Further, as shown in FIG.
  • the magnetic circuit system 1 further includes a washer 16, and the washer 16 is disposed on a side of the magnetic circuit portion 13 away from the yoke 11, the washer 16
  • a fourth through hole 63 is provided at a position corresponding to the third through hole 62, and the second cavity 6 communicates with the back surface of the diaphragm 21 in the vibration system 2 through the fourth through hole 63, so that A cavity 3 can communicate with the back surface of the diaphragm 21 in the vibrating system 2 through the second cavity 6, and also increases the volume of the rear chamber of the sounding device.
  • the second through hole 61, the third through hole 62, and the fourth through hole 63 are the same size.
  • a venting spacer 4 is disposed on a side of the fourth through hole 63 adjacent to the diaphragm 21, so as to maximize the loading of the sound absorbing material in the second cavity 6.
  • the third through hole 62 is larger than the fourth through hole 63, and the fourth through hole 63 is adjacent to the third through hole 62.
  • the one side is provided with a venting partition 4, which can improve the stability of the venting spacer 4 and prevent it from accidentally falling off during use, thereby causing the sound absorbing material to directly contact the diaphragm and affecting the acoustic performance of the sounding device.
  • a card is formed between the magnet and the washer 16 (specifically, the lower surface of the washer 16) at an edge of the communication position of the third through hole 62 and the fourth through hole 63.
  • a venting spacer 4 that is inserted into the card slot is disposed on a side of the fourth through hole 63 facing the third through hole 62, and the magnet and the washer 16 are capable of venting the spacer 4 plays the role of clamping and fixing, improving the stability of its fixation and preventing falling off.
  • the second through hole 61 is disposed at an intermediate position of the yoke 11, which can improve the symmetry of the magnetic circuit system and ensure the performance of the magnetic circuit system.
  • the yoke 11 is provided with an extension wall 17 in the direction of the magnetic circuit portion 13, and the extension wall 17 is located outside the magnetic circuit portion 13, when magnetic When the road system adopts a single magnet magnetic circuit, an effective magnetic circuit can be formed.
  • the magnetic circuit portion 13 includes a center magnet 14, and the vibration system 2 has a voice coil 22, and the voice coil 22 is disposed between the extension wall 17 and the center magnet 14.
  • the gap is in communication with the first cavity 3, and the extension wall 17 is away from the magnetic conduction.
  • One end of the yoke 11 is sealingly connected to one end of the side wall.
  • the gap is sealed to form a part of the first cavity 3, which can effectively increase the internal volume of the first cavity 3, and enhance the sounding device. Acoustic performance; increasing the loading of the sound absorbing material to further enhance its acoustic performance.
  • the intermediate portion of the diaphragm 21 is provided with a reinforcing portion 24 having a pressure equalizing region 25 on the pressure equalizing region 25
  • a fifth through hole 26 is provided, and the fifth through hole 26 communicates with the space on both sides of the diaphragm 21 for balancing the air pressure before and after the diaphragm 21 so that ventilation is not provided around the first cavity 3
  • the first through hole 32 of the spacer 4 improves the sealing property and structural stability around the first cavity 3, and prevents the sound absorbing material from being sprinkled from the first through hole 32, thereby reducing acoustic performance.
  • the fifth through hole 26 is provided with a gas permeable damper net 27 to prevent entry of foreign matter and dust.
  • the equalizing region 25 is provided with a plurality of fifth through holes 26, and the fifth through holes 26 may be a microporous structure, by providing an aperture of the fifth through hole 26,
  • the arrangement and density can adjust the gas permeability, achieve the pressure equalization effect, and prevent foreign matter from passing.
  • the aperture of the fifth through hole 26 is sufficiently small, the above-described air permeable damper net 27 can also be eliminated to reduce the number of components of the internal components.
  • the gas permeable damping net 27 may be a waterproof gas permeable membrane for improving the waterproof ability of the sound emitting device module and preventing water from entering the back space of the diaphragm 21 .

Abstract

本发明公开了一种发声装置，包括磁路系统和振动系统，所述磁路系统包括导磁轭和设置在导磁轭一面上的磁路部分，在导磁轭上与磁路部分相反的方向，发声装置的侧壁围合成第一腔体；所述导磁轭的边沿上设置有挡壁，围合成所述第一腔体的侧壁包括所述挡壁，所述磁路部分的垂直投影等于或小于所述导磁轭的垂直投影。根据本公开的一个实施例，本发明能够在不减少磁路系统的体积的情况下缩小发声装置的体积。

Description

一种发声装置 技术领域
本发明涉及声电换能技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种发声装置。
背景技术
发声装置是电子产品中重要的元器件，用于将电信号转变成声信号。电子产品的发展趋势是越来越薄，且为了实现更多的功能，电子产品中的元器件越来越多，势必给发声装置预留的空间越来越小，且电子产品越来越注重用户的音乐体验，因此要求发声装置具有更好的音质。发声装置作为一种能够独立工作的电声器件，其自身在声学性能上具备一定的要求，比如需要具备足够尺寸的磁路系统，满足要求的后腔容积等等。在终端产品空间缩减的情况下，受限于产品本身的空间，尺寸较小的扬声器产品的性能不可避免的会存在一定程度的衰减，不利于提升用户体验。
因此，需要提供一种新型结构的发声装置，具有小体积的同时还能具有较好的性能，以满足电子产品的发展需求。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种发声装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种发声装置，包括磁路系统和振动系统，所述磁路系统包括导磁轭和设置在导磁轭一面上的磁路部分，在导磁轭上与磁路部分相反的方向，发声装置的侧壁围合成第一腔体；
所述导磁轭的边沿上设置有挡壁，围合成所述第一腔体的侧壁包括所述挡壁，所述磁路部分的垂直投影等于或小于所述导磁轭的垂直投影。
可选地，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料。
可选地，所述吸音材料包括沸石颗粒。
可选地，振动系统包括振膜，所述第一腔体与振膜的背面连通，所述 第一腔体与振膜之间设置有透气隔离件。
可选地，所述导磁轭与所述挡壁一体成型，或者，所述挡壁密封焊接在所述导磁轭的边沿。
可选地，还包括壳体，所述振动系统设置在所述壳体内，所述磁路部分的垂直投影小于所述壳体的垂直投影，在所述壳体大于所述磁路部分的区域，所述壳体具有朝向所述第一腔体方向延伸的立壁，所述挡壁与所述立壁围合成所述第一腔体。
可选地，所述磁路部分包括五磁铁磁路，所述五磁铁磁路包括一块中心磁铁，四块边磁铁，边磁铁两两对称的设置在所述中心磁铁的外侧。
可选地，所述挡壁与所述立壁粘接密封或焊接密封。
可选地，所述壳体一体注塑成型。
可选地，还包括有盖板，所述盖板密封设置在所述第一腔体与磁路部分相反方向的开口处。
可选地，所述盖板为金属板。
可选地，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料，所述盖板上设置有用于灌装吸音材料的第一通孔，所述第一通孔上设置有透气隔离件。
可选地，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料，所述挡壁上设置有用于灌装吸音材料的第一通孔，所述第一通孔上设置有透气隔离件。
可选地，所述第一腔体由所述挡壁围合而成。
可选地，所述磁路部分包括中心磁铁和边磁铁，所述边磁铁为环形。
可选地，还包括用于支撑固定所述振动系统的支撑件，所述振动系统与所述支撑件叠放设置。
可选地，所述支撑件采用金属材料制成。
可选地，还包括壳体，所述导磁轭的垂直投影等于或小于所述壳体的垂直投影。
可选地，所述磁路系统上设置有第二腔体，所述第二腔体与所述第一腔体连通。
可选地，所述第二腔体包括在导磁轭上设置的第二通孔以及在所述磁路部分中的磁铁上设置的与所述第二通孔对应连通的凹槽或第三通孔。
可选地，所述振动系统中包括振膜，所述磁路系统还包括华司，所述华司设置在所述磁路部分远离导磁轭的一面上，所述华司在与所述第三通孔相对应的位置设置有第四通孔，所述第二腔体通过第四通孔与所述振膜的背面连通。
可选地，所述第二通孔、第三通孔和第四通孔大小相同，在所述第四通孔靠近所述振膜的一侧设置有透气隔离件。
可选地，所述第三通孔大于所述第四通孔，所述第四通孔在靠近所述第三通孔的一侧设置有透气隔离件。
可选地，在所述第三通孔和第四通孔的连通位置的边沿处，所述华司的下表面形成有卡槽，在所述第四通孔朝向所述第三通孔的一侧设置有卡入所述卡槽的透气隔离件。
可选地，所述第二通孔设置在所述导磁轭的中间位置。
可选地，所述导磁轭向所述磁路部分的方向设置有延伸壁，所述延伸壁包围所述磁路部分。
可选地，所述磁路部分包括中心磁铁，所述振动系统中具有音圈，所述音圈设置在所述延伸壁和所述中心磁铁之间。
可选地，所述延伸壁与所述挡壁上下对应。
可选地，所述延伸壁的一端与所述挡壁的一端连接形成凹槽，所述凹槽围绕所述磁路系统。
可选地，所述振膜的中间位置设置有补强部，所述补强部上具有均压区，所述均压区上设置有连通所述振膜两侧的空间的第五通孔，所述第五通孔上设置有透气阻尼网。
可选地，所述均压区上设置有多个第五通孔。
可选地，所述透气阻尼网为防水透气膜。
根据本公开的一个实施例，本发明能够在不减少磁路系统的体积的情况下缩小发声装置的体积。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是实施例1的立体结构示意图；
图2是实施例1的剖面结构示意图；
图3是实施例1的结构爆炸示意图；
图4是实施例2的立体结构示意图；
图5是实施例2的剖面结构示意图；
图6是实施例2的结构爆炸示意图；
图7是实施例3的剖面结构示意图；
图8是实施例3的结构爆炸示意图；
图9是实施例4的剖面结构示意图；
图10是实施例4的结构爆炸示意图；
图11是实施例5的立体结构示意图；
图12是实施例5的剖面结构示意图；
图13是实施例6的立体结构示意图；
图14是实施例6的剖面结构示意图；
图15是实施例6的结构爆炸示意图；
图中：1磁路系统，11导磁轭，12挡壁，13磁路部分，14中心磁铁，15边磁铁，16华司，17延伸壁，2振动系统，21振膜，22音圈，23电连接件，24补强部，25均压区，26第五通孔，27透气阻尼网，3第一腔体，31盖板，32第一通孔，4透气隔离件，5壳体，51立壁，52支撑件，6第二腔体，61第二通孔，62第三通孔，63第四通孔。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作 为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
本发明提供的一种发声装置，如图1-图15中实施例1-6所示的，包括磁路系统1和振动系统2。
所述磁路系统1包括导磁轭11和磁路部分13。所述磁路部分13设置在所述导磁轭11的一面。在导磁轭11上与磁路部分13相反的方向，发声装置的侧壁围合成第一腔体3，即在导磁轭11上与设置磁路部分13的一面相反的另一面上，发声装置的侧壁与导磁轭11形成了以导磁轭11为底部的碗状结构，碗状的中空区域为所述第一腔体3。所述第一腔体3与振动系统2中振膜21的背面连通，在第一腔体3远离所述导磁轭11的开口被密封后，第一腔体3能够成为所述发声装置的后腔，用于实现发声装置的声学性能。所述发声装置的侧壁为构成发声装置表面的结构，可以包括发声装置用于收容或固定内部组件的外壳，也可以包括外露出发声装置的组件，能够形成发声装置的表面即可。
在所述导磁轭11的边沿上设置有挡壁12，所述围合成第一腔体3的侧壁包括所述挡壁12，即所述挡壁12能够构成所述发声装置的表面，或者说所述导磁轭与所述发声装置整体在截面上等宽或/和等长，或者是近似的等宽或/和等长。所述挡壁12可以采用与导磁轭11相同的导磁材料制成，导磁材料相对于通常的注塑材料强度更高，在同等强度下能够做到更薄，有利于提高第一腔体3的内部体积。所述磁路部分13的垂直投影等于或小于所述导磁轭11的垂直投影，本领域技术人员可以理解，所述的垂直投影 的大小关系可以是指垂直投影的外边沿的对应关系。从截面上看，当所述磁路部分13与所述导磁轭11基本等宽时，相对于传统的将导磁轭11收容在发声装置的内部，被发声装置的外壳包裹，本发明能够在不改变发声装置体积的情况下扩大发声装置中的磁路系统1，至少能够省略出上述外壳侧壁的厚度用来扩大磁路系统1，提高发声装置的性能；或者说是，能够在不减少原磁路系统1的体积的情况下缩小发声装置的体积，实现发声装置的小型化。
本发明在同样体积大小的发声装置中，磁路系统1相对较大，有利于提高发声装置的性能。另一方面，也有利于发声装置的小型化、一体化，具有广泛的商业应用前景。
可选地，所述第一腔体3内设置有吸音材料，能够对第一腔体3进行等效扩容，有利于在同样腔体大小的情况下，实现更好的声学性能。
可选地，所述吸音材料为沸石颗粒等微孔吸音材料。进一步的，所述沸石颗粒可以包括多个沸石粒子，每个所述沸石粒子的硅铝摩尔比大于200，或者，为不含铝，更好的实现等效扩容的作用。
可选地，所述第一腔体3与振动系统2中振膜21的背面之间设置有透气隔离件4，用于隔离吸音材料，防止吸音材料直接与振膜21接触，影响发声装置的声学性能。所述透气隔离件4能够允许空气通过、阻止吸音材料通过即可，本申请对其具体结构和形状不做限定。
可选地，如图7-图15中实施例3-6所示的，所述导磁轭11与所述挡壁12一体成型，有利于提高第一腔体3的一体化以及发声装置的一体化，减少结构零件，能最大限度的提高第一腔体3的结构稳定性以及密封性，保证其声学性能；或者，如图4-图6中实施例2所示的，所述挡壁12密封焊接在所述导磁轭11的边沿，也是可以的，本申请对此并不限制。
可选地，如图1-图3中实施例1所示的，所述发声装置还包括壳体5。所述振动系统2设置在所述壳体5内。所述磁路部分13的垂直投影小于所述壳体5的垂直投影。在所述壳体5大于所述磁路部分13的区域，所述壳体5具有立壁51，所述立壁51穿过所述磁路部分13，贴着所述磁路部分13的边沿，朝向所述第一腔体3方向延伸，所述挡壁12与所述立壁51围 合成所述第一腔体3，一方面，有利于生产加工，在导磁轭11与磁路部分13对应的情况下，能够仅在最外侧的边沿处设置挡壁12，内侧边沿外由立壁51进行填补，实现密封，例如，导磁轭11初始可以为片状，通过弯折其外侧形成挡壁12，使得导磁轭11与挡壁12一体成型；另一方面，还能通过多段立壁51的设置对磁路系统1进行卡合固定，增强发声装置结构的稳定性和牢固性。
可选地，如图7-图10中实施例3-4所示的，所述磁路部分13包括五磁铁磁路，所述五磁铁磁路包括一块中心磁铁14，四块边磁铁15，边磁铁15两两对称的设置在所述中心磁铁14的外侧，壳体5的垂直投影近似为矩形，使得壳体5的四角与磁路部分13没有相对应，即壳体5的垂直投影大于所述磁路部分13的垂直投影，或者说发声装置的垂直投影大于所述磁路部分13的垂直投影。所述导磁轭11的垂直投影等于所述磁路部分13的垂直投影，使得挡壁11与立壁51相契合，围合成所述第一腔体3。
可选地，所述挡壁12和所述立壁51可以采用粘接、焊接等能够保证第一腔体3的密封性的连接方式进行密封连接。
可选地，所述壳体5可以一体注塑成型。
可选地，如图1-图3中实施例1所示的，所述发声装置还包括有盖板31，所述盖板31密封设置在所述第一腔体3与磁路部分13相反方向的开口处，用于封闭第一腔体3，保证第一腔体3的声学功能。在其他的具体实施方式中，也可以不设置所述盖板31，而是采用将磁路系统1上第一腔体3敞口的一面直接封闭在应用设备的壳体上，这样能够使得第一腔体3的内部体积最大化，本申请对此并不限制。
可选地，所述盖板31为金属板，有利于降低厚度，提高第一腔体3的内部容积；还有助于提高发声装置的散热性能。
可选地，所述第一腔体3内设置有吸音材料，如图1-图3中实施例1所示的，所述盖板31上设置有用于灌装吸音材料的第一通孔32，所述第一通孔32上设置有透气隔离件4，在通过第一通孔32灌装吸音材料完成后，在通过透气隔离件4进行分隔，防止吸音材料离开第一腔体3，同时，在分隔后，还能够将第一通孔32作为均压孔来保证第一腔体3内的气压平 衡。在其他的具体实施方式中，如图图11-图12中实施例5所示的，所述第一通孔32也可以设置在所述挡壁12上，就能够不设置所述盖板31，增大第一腔体3的有效容积，从而增大吸音材料的灌装量，等效扩容，增强发声装置的声学性能。
可选地，如图13-图15中实施例6所示的，所述第一腔体3由所述挡壁12围合而成，所述挡壁12可以均为所述发声装置的侧壁，使得导磁轭能够做到不超出发声装置的最大化。在所述导磁轭11与所述挡壁12一体成型时，所述第一腔体3也是一体成型的，密封性能好，发声装置的一体化程度高。进一步的，所述导磁轭11的垂直投影也就可以等于所述发声装置的壳体的垂直投影，第一腔体3的内部空间能够相对做到最大。在其他的具体实施方式中，所述挡壁12也可以不均为所述发声装置的侧壁，例如图1-图3中所示的导磁轭11的边沿处均设置挡壁12，但在空缺处也可以设置立壁51进行固定，因此，挡壁12是否均为发声装置的侧壁并不构成对本发明的限制。
可选地，所述磁路部分13包括中心磁铁14和边磁铁15，所述边磁铁15为环形，围绕所述中心磁铁14，此时，磁路部分13的垂直投影可以等于或者接近所述发声装置整体的垂直投影，导磁轭11也相对应的会等于或者接近所述发声装置整体的垂直投影。
可选地，如图13-图15中实施例6所示的，所述发声装置还包括用于支撑固定所述振动系统2的支撑件52，所述振动系统2与所述支撑件52叠放设置，便于发声装置的生产装配组装以及分解。在装配时，可以先将磁路系统1上第一腔体3敞口的一面封闭，例如使用盖板封闭或者是直接封闭在应用设备的壳体上，然后通过磁路部分13的开口向其内部灌入吸音材料，灌注完成后，使用透气隔离件4进行分隔，然后在固定连接上支撑件52和振动系统3等其他组件，完成组装。另一方面，当用于支撑固定振动系统3的支撑件52为金属材料时，再装配时可以采用激光焊接技术，将其与华司焊接在一起，能够提高其装配强度，增强结构的稳固性；还能够提高发声装置整体的散热性。例如图13-图15中实施例6所示的，盖板31等也均为金属材质，连接有盖板31，磁路系统1，金属支撑件52，电连接 件23(FPCB)，振膜21等结构，大部分均为金属材质，能够使用金属焊接或/和粘接等方式进行叠放设置，能够提高散热性能，也便于装配及分离。
可选地，如图1-13中所示的，所述导磁轭11的垂直投影可以等于或小于所述发声装置上的壳体5、支撑件52的垂直投影，提高发声装置的一体化，便于发声装置的装配。当所述导磁轭11的垂直投影等于所述发声装置上的壳体5、支撑件52的垂直投影时，导磁轭11在不超出发声装置的情况下能够做到最大，能够使得第一腔体3的内部空间做到最大化，磁路系统做到最大化。所述发声装置可以做成近似长方体等规则的形状，便于安装在设备中，同时也有助于实现发声装置的小型化，减少其对设备内空间体积的占用。
可选地，如图4-图15中实施例2-5所示的，所述磁路系统1上设置有第二腔体6，所述第二腔体6与所述第一腔体3连通，能够增大发声装置后腔的体积，有利于提高发声装置的声学性能。
可选地，所述第二腔体6包括在导磁轭11上设置的第二通孔61以及在所述磁路部分13中的磁铁上设置的与所述第二通孔61对应连通的凹槽或第三通孔62，形成所述的第二腔体6。进一步的，如图5中所示的，所述磁路系统1还包括华司16，所述华司16设置在所述磁路部分13远离导磁轭11的一面上，所述华司16在与所述第三通孔62相对应的位置设置有第四通孔63，所述第二腔体6通过第四通孔63与所述振动系统2中振膜21的背面连通，使得第一腔体3能够通过第二腔体6与所述振动系统2中振膜21的背面连通，同时也增大发声装置后腔的体积。在其他的具体实施方式中，也可以是通过在导磁轭11大于磁路部分13的位置处设置通孔，使得第一腔体3与所述振动系统2中振膜21的背面连通也是可以的，本申请对此并不限制。
可选地，所述第二通孔61、第三通孔62和第四通孔63大小相同。
可选地，在所述第四通孔63靠近所述振膜21的一侧设置有透气隔离件4，能够最大限度的提升第二腔体6内的吸音材料装填量。
可选地，如图5、7、9、14中所示的，所述第三通孔62大于所述第四通孔63，所述第四通孔63在靠近所述第三通孔62的一侧设置有透气隔 离件4，能够提高透气隔离件4固定的稳固性，防止其在使用过程中意外脱落，造成吸音材料与振膜直接接触，影响发声装置的声学性能。
可选地，在所述第三通孔62和第四通孔63的连通位置的边沿处，所述磁铁与所述华司16之间(具体是在华司16的下表面)形成有卡槽，在所述第四通孔63在朝向所述第三通孔62的一侧设置有卡入所述卡槽的透气隔离件4，所述磁铁与所述华司16能够对透气隔离件4起到夹合固定的作用，提高其固定的稳固性，防止脱落。
可选地，如图5中所示的，所述第二通孔61设置在所述导磁轭11的中间位置，能够提高磁路系统的对称性，保证磁路系统的性能。
可选地，如图5中所示的，所述导磁轭11向所述磁路部分13的方向设置有延伸壁17，所述延伸壁17位于所述磁路部分13的外侧，当磁路系统采用单磁铁磁路时，能够形成有效的磁路，如图5中所示的，所述磁路部分13包括中心磁铁14，所述振动系统2中具有音圈22，所述音圈22设置在所述延伸壁17和所述中心磁铁14之间。
可选地，如图5中所示的，所述延伸壁17与所述侧壁之间具有间隙，所述间隙与所述第一腔体3连通，所述延伸壁17远离所述导磁轭11的一端与所述侧壁的一端密封连接。所述导磁轭11以及延伸壁17形成碗状结构时，所述间隙被密封形成所述第一腔体3的一部分，能够有效的增大第一腔体3的内部容积，增强发声装置的声学性能；增大吸音材料的装填量来进一步的增强其声学性能。
可选地，如图7-图10中所示的，所述振膜21的中间位置设置有补强部24，所述补强部24上具有均压区25，所述均压区25上设置有第五通孔26，所述第五通孔26连通所述振膜21两侧的空间，用于平衡振膜21前后的气压，使得能够不在第一腔体3的周围开设设置有透气隔离件4的第一通孔32，提高第一腔体3周围的密封性以及结构稳固性，防止吸音材料由第一通孔32处洒出，降低声学性能。所述第五通孔26上设置有透气阻尼网27，能够防止异物及灰尘进入。
可选地，如图10中所示的，所述均压区25上设置有多个第五通孔26，第五通孔26可以为微孔结构，通过设置第五通孔26的孔径、排布方式以 及密度，能够调整其透气性，实现均压的作用，还能防止异物通过。当第五通孔26的孔径足够小时，也能够取消上述的透气阻尼网27来减少内部部件的装配数量。
可选地，所述透气阻尼网27可以为防水透气膜，用来提高发声装置模组的防水能力，防止水进入振膜21的背面空间。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种发声装置，其特征在于，包括磁路系统和振动系统，所述磁路系统包括导磁轭和设置在导磁轭一面上的磁路部分，在导磁轭上与磁路部分相反的方向，发声装置的侧壁围合成第一腔体；
    所述导磁轭的边沿上设置有挡壁，围合成所述第一腔体的侧壁包括所述挡壁，所述磁路部分的垂直投影等于或小于所述导磁轭的垂直投影。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述吸音材料包括沸石颗粒。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的发声装置，其特征在于，振动系统包括振膜，所述第一腔体与振膜的背面连通，所述第一腔体与振膜之间设置有透气隔离件。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述导磁轭与所述挡壁一体成型，或者，所述挡壁密封焊接在所述导磁轭的边沿。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括壳体，所述振动系统设置在所述壳体内，所述磁路部分的垂直投影小于所述壳体的垂直投影，在所述壳体大于所述磁路部分的区域，所述壳体具有朝向所述第一腔体方向延伸的立壁，所述挡壁与所述立壁围合成所述第一腔体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路部分包括五磁铁磁路，所述五磁铁磁路包括一块中心磁铁，四块边磁铁，边磁铁两两对称的设置在所述中心磁铁的外侧。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述挡壁与所述立壁粘接密封或焊接密封。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述壳体一体注塑成型。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括有盖板，所述盖板密封设置在所述第一腔体与磁路部分相反方向的开口处。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述盖板为金属板。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料，所述盖板上设置有用于灌装吸音材料的第一通孔，所述第一通孔上设置有透气隔离件。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体内设置有吸音材料，所述挡壁上设置有用于灌装吸音材料的第一通孔，所述第一通孔上设置有透气隔离件。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第一腔体由所述挡壁围合而成。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路部分包括中心磁铁和边磁铁，所述边磁铁为环形。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括用于支撑固定所述振动系统的支撑件，所述振动系统与所述支撑件叠放设置。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述支撑件采用金属材料制成。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，还包括壳体，所述导磁轭的垂直投影等于或小于所述壳体的垂直投影。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述磁路系统上设置有第二腔体，所述第二腔体与所述第一腔体连通。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第二腔体包括在导磁轭上设置的第二通孔以及在所述磁路部分中的磁铁上设置的与所述第二通孔对应连通的凹槽或第三通孔。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述振动系统中包括振膜，所述磁路系统还包括华司，所述华司设置在所述磁路部分远离导磁轭的一面上，所述华司在与所述第三通孔相对应的位置设置有第四通孔，所述第二腔体通过第四通孔与所述振膜的背面连通。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第二通孔、第三通孔和第四通孔大小相同，在所述第四通孔靠近所述振膜的一侧设置 有透气隔离件。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第三通孔大于所述第四通孔，所述第四通孔在靠近所述第三通孔的一侧设置有透气隔离件。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的发声装置，其特征在于，在所述第三通孔和第四通孔的连通位置的边沿处，所述华司的下表面形成有卡槽，在所述第四通孔朝向所述第三通孔的一侧设置有卡入所述卡槽的透气隔离件。
  25. 根据权利要求21所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述第二通孔设置在所述导磁轭的中间位置。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述导磁轭向所述磁路部分的方向设置有延伸壁，所述延伸壁位于所述磁路部分的外侧。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述延伸壁与所述侧壁之间具有间隙，所述间隙与所述第一腔体连通，所述延伸壁远离所述导磁轭的一端与所述侧壁密封连接。
  28. 根据权利要求1所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述振膜的中间位置设置有补强部，所述补强部上具有均压区，所述均压区上设置有连通所述振膜两侧的空间的第五通孔，所述第五通孔上设置有透气阻尼网。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述均压区上设置有多个第五通孔。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的发声装置，其特征在于，所述透气阻尼网为防水透气膜。
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