WO2019198748A1 - 合わせガラス、合わせガラスの製造方法、調光装置、調光セル及び調光装置用積層体 - Google Patents

合わせガラス、合わせガラスの製造方法、調光装置、調光セル及び調光装置用積層体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019198748A1
WO2019198748A1 PCT/JP2019/015599 JP2019015599W WO2019198748A1 WO 2019198748 A1 WO2019198748 A1 WO 2019198748A1 JP 2019015599 W JP2019015599 W JP 2019015599W WO 2019198748 A1 WO2019198748 A1 WO 2019198748A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
light control
glass plate
intermediate film
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/015599
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
弘毅 渡
孝夫 池澤
誠 山木
武行 土公
裕介 萩原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Nippon Printing Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Priority to JP2019550264A priority Critical patent/JP6673537B2/ja
Publication of WO2019198748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019198748A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
    • E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings

Definitions

  • Embodiment of this indication is related with laminated glass, a manufacturing method of laminated glass, a light control device, a light control cell, and a layered product for light control devices.
  • a dimming member that is used in combination with a translucent member such as a window and can be used for an electronic blind for controlling the amount of transmitted external light, a dimming device using such a dimming member, and the like have been proposed. Yes.
  • a light control film including a liquid crystal layer is known (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
  • This liquid crystal film is produced by sandwiching a liquid crystal material with a transparent resin base material including a transparent electrode and further sandwiching it with a linear polarizing plate. And a liquid crystal film can change the orientation of a liquid crystal by changing the electric field applied between transparent electrodes, and can control the permeation
  • This embodiment provides a laminated glass capable of suppressing the uneven distribution of liquid crystal and a method for producing the laminated glass.
  • the liquid crystal film is a light control member that can be used for a roof window, a side window, etc. of an automobile
  • the liquid crystal film is preferably sandwiched between a pair of glasses via an intermediate film to form a laminated glass.
  • the interlayer film or liquid crystal When the film is wrinkled, the uneven distribution of the liquid crystal tends to cause the accumulation of liquid crystal, which is a phenomenon in which a large amount of liquid crystal exists locally, and the quality and appearance as a laminated glass having a light control function are reduced. There's a problem.
  • This embodiment is for a light control device, a light control cell, and a light control device that can uniformly disperse liquid crystal in a plane and suppress the occurrence of liquid crystal accumulation, which is a phenomenon in which a large amount of liquid crystal exists locally.
  • a laminate is provided.
  • a laminated glass includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate disposed to face the first glass plate, and between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.
  • a light control film provided; a buffer layer laminated on a surface of the light control film on the second glass plate side; a first intermediate film provided between the first glass plate and the light control film; A second intermediate film provided between the second glass plate and the buffer, and a space is formed between the buffer and the light control film.
  • a plurality of spacers may be provided between the buffer and the light control film.
  • the buffer may be a functional film having at least one function of ultraviolet absorption, heat insulation, sound insulation, antireflection, and super birefringence.
  • the buffer may be a film having a function of a transparent screen.
  • the buffer may be a light control film.
  • the buffer may have a melting point higher than the softening points of the first intermediate film and the second intermediate film.
  • the light control film includes a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a pair of laminated bodies, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are driven by driving electrodes provided on at least one of the laminated bodies.
  • the amount of transmitted light transmitted through the light control film may be adjustable by controlling the orientation of the light.
  • a method of manufacturing a laminated glass includes a step of laminating a first intermediate film on a first glass plate, a step of laminating a light control film on the first intermediate film, A step of laminating a first buffer on the surface of the optical film so as to be relatively movable; a step of laminating a second intermediate film on the first buffer; and a second glass on the second intermediate film.
  • the step of laminating the light control film on the first intermediate film includes a second buffer between the first intermediate film and the light control film.
  • a step of disposing the light control film so as to be relatively movable may be included.
  • a dimming device includes a first glass plate, a second glass plate, a dimming cell disposed between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the first glass plate.
  • a first intermediate film disposed between the glass plate and the dimming cell, and a second intermediate film disposed between the second glass plate and the dimming cell, the dimming cell And the first intermediate film, a film is disposed, and a gap layer or a fluid resin layer is provided between the light control cell and the film.
  • a spacer may be disposed in the gap layer between the light control cell and the film.
  • an additional film is disposed between the light control cell and the second intermediate film, and a gap layer is provided between the light control cell and the additional film.
  • a fluid resin layer may be provided.
  • a communication hole that communicates between the light control cell and the film and the outside air may be provided.
  • an extension is formed by a part of the light control cell and a part of the film, and the extension includes the first glass plate and the second glass in a plan view.
  • the glass plate may extend outward and the communication hole may be formed in the extension.
  • the communication hole may be sealed.
  • the periphery of the light control cell and the periphery of the film may be bonded to each other with a sealing material.
  • a light control cell includes a first base, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, a second base, and the first transparent electrode and the second transparent electrode. And the first substrate has a protruding piece protruding outward.
  • a laminate for a light control device includes a first base, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, a second base, the first transparent electrode, and the second transparent electrode. And a liquid crystal layer disposed between the light control cell and a film bonded to the light control cell with a sealing material, and a gap layer or a fluid flow between the light control cell and the film.
  • a functional resin layer is provided.
  • FIG. 1 each figure shown below including FIG. 1 has shown typically the structure of the laminated glass which concerns on embodiment of this indication. Therefore, the size, shape, and the like of each part are appropriately exaggerated for easy understanding.
  • an XY or YZ coordinate system orthogonal to each other is described (except for a part of the fractional diagram). In this coordinate system, one side when the laminated glass 1 is viewed in the arrangement shown in FIG. 1A is an X direction, and the other direction perpendicular to the X direction is a Y direction.
  • the thickness direction (normal direction) orthogonal to the XY plane is defined as the Z direction.
  • the numerical values, shapes, materials, and the like described in the present specification are examples of the embodiment, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be appropriately selected and used.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a laminated glass 1 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view of the laminated glass 1.
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line aa of FIG.
  • FIG. 1C is an enlarged view corresponding to a region b in FIG.
  • illustration of the electrode terminal extended outside from the transparent electrodes 42A and 42B of the light control film 40 is abbreviate
  • the laminated glass 1 includes a first glass plate 10, a second glass plate 20, an intermediate film 30, a light control film 40, and a buffer body 50.
  • the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 are members disposed on the front and back surfaces of the laminated glass 1, respectively.
  • the 1st glass plate 10 is arrange
  • the 2nd glass plate 20 will be arrange
  • plate glass with high translucency such as soda lime glass (blue plate glass), borosilicate glass (white plate glass), quartz glass, soda glass, potash glass etc., is used, for example. Can do.
  • resin glass can be used as the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20 .
  • resin glass what consists of a polycarbonate, an acryl, etc. can be used, for example.
  • polycarbonate is preferable in terms of heat resistance and strength.
  • the glass plate may be subjected to a surface treatment such as a hard coat according to required properties such as scratch resistance.
  • resin glass is more preferable than inorganic glass in terms of weight reduction.
  • inorganic glass is more preferable than resin glass in terms of cost, heat resistance, scratch resistance, and the like.
  • the intermediate film 30 is a layer provided between the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20, and is a member that joins the first glass plate 10 and the second glass plate 20.
  • Examples of the intermediate film 30 include PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer), COP (cycloolefin polymer), and the like.
  • the intermediate film 30 includes a first intermediate film 30a, a second intermediate film 30b, and a third intermediate film 30c.
  • the first intermediate film 30 a is an intermediate film provided between the first glass plate 10 and the light control film 40.
  • the second intermediate film 30 b is an intermediate film provided between the second glass plate 20 and the buffer body 50.
  • the third intermediate film 30c is an intermediate film provided in a region excluding the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50 between the first intermediate film 30a and the second intermediate film 30b.
  • the third intermediate film 30c has a hollow square shape in a plan view, that is, a frame shape.
  • the light control film 40 is a film (for example, a liquid crystal film) that can control the orientation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and adjust the amount of transmitted light by changing (on / off) the voltage applied to the electrodes. is there.
  • the light control film 40 of this embodiment is provided with the guest host liquid crystal composition which uses a dichroic dye as a liquid crystal layer.
  • the laminated glass 1 provided with the light control film 40 is, for example, a building window glass, a showcase, an indoor transparent partition, a vehicle window window, or the like (part where external light is incident, such as the front, Side, rear and roof windows).
  • a building window glass a showcase, an indoor transparent partition, a vehicle window window, or the like (part where external light is incident, such as the front, Side, rear and roof windows).
  • the voltage applied to the light control film 40 By changing the voltage applied to the light control film 40, the light quantity of the incident light (transmitted light) to the inside of a building or a vehicle can be adjusted.
  • the structure of the light control film 40 is demonstrated in detail later.
  • the buffer body 50 is a member for suppressing the uneven distribution of the liquid crystal in the light control film 40 at the time of manufacture of the laminated glass 1 mentioned later.
  • the buffer body 50 is laminated on the surface of the light control film 40 on the second glass plate side (hereinafter also referred to as “film surface 40 a”).
  • the buffer 50 examples include polyester resins such as highly light transmissive PET, acrylic resins, styrene resins, acrylic / styrene resins, polycarbonate resins, alicyclic polyolefin resins, and the like.
  • the buffer 50 may be a functional film having one or more functions such as ultraviolet absorption, heat insulation, sound insulation, antireflection, and super birefringence.
  • the thickness of the buffer body 50 is not particularly defined, for example, the thickness is preferably the same as that of the base materials 41A and 41B of the light control film 40 described later.
  • the buffer body 50 is laminated so as to be movable relative to the light control film 40 (film surface 40a).
  • “relatively movable” refers to a state in which the light control film 40 and the buffer 50 are stacked with an appropriate adhesion force and are not allowed to move with respect to each other.
  • the buffer body 50 is laminated with no other member, adhesive layer, or the like interposed between the light control film 40 and the light control film 40. Thereby, the buffer body 50 can be laminated
  • the adhesion between the light control film 40 and the buffer 50 is, for example, less than 90 mN / 25 mm.
  • the adhesion between the light control film 40 and the buffer 50 can be measured by, for example, a peel test using a Tensilon tester (manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd., TTG-1210).
  • the melting point of the buffer body 50 is desirably higher than the softening point of the intermediate film 30. This is because if the melting point of the buffer 50 is lower than the softening point of the intermediate film 30, the buffer 50 may be liquefied when heated and pressurized in the manufacturing process (described later) of the laminated glass 1. If the melting point of the buffer 50 is higher than the softening point of the intermediate film 30, the buffer 50 can be kept in a solid state even when heated and pressurized when the laminated glass 1 is manufactured.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the layer structure of the light control film 40.
  • the light control film 40 is configured by sandwiching a liquid crystal layer 44, a spacer 45, and a seal material 46 between a first laminate 47 and a second laminate 48.
  • the first laminate 47 is formed by laminating a transparent electrode 42A and an alignment layer 43A on a base material 41A.
  • the second stacked body 48 is formed by stacking a transparent electrode 42B and an alignment layer 43B on a base material 41B.
  • the light control film 40 changes the voltage applied to the transparent electrodes 42 ⁇ / b> A and 42 ⁇ / b> B provided in the first laminate 47 and the second laminate 48 to change the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 44 (guest host liquid crystal composition). By controlling the orientation, the amount of transmitted light is adjusted.
  • the base materials 41A and 41B are transparent resin members, and for example, a flexible film can be used.
  • a transparent resin film having a small optical anisotropy and a transmittance of 80% or more at a visible wavelength (380 to 800 nm).
  • acetyl cellulose resins such as triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP).
  • TAC triacetyl cellulose
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP polypropylene
  • Polyolefin resins such as polystyrene, polymethylpentene, EVA, vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride and polyvinylidene chloride, acrylic resins, polyurethane resins, polysulfone (PEF), polyethersulfone (PES), polycarbonate ( PC), polysulfone, polyether (PE), polyether ketone (PEK), (meth) acrylonitrile, cycloolefin polymer (COP), cycloolefin copolymer and the like can be mentioned.
  • resins such as polycarbonate, cycloolefin polymer, and polyethylene terephthalate are particularly preferable.
  • the thickness of the transparent resin film used as the base materials 41B and 21A depends on the material, it can be appropriately selected within the range in which the transparent resin film has flexibility.
  • the transparent electrodes 42A and 42B are transparent conductive films laminated on the base materials 41A and 41B (transparent resin film), respectively.
  • the transparent conductive film various transparent electrode materials applied to this type of transparent resin film can be applied, and examples thereof include a transparent metal thin film having an oxide-based total light transmittance of 50% or more.
  • the transparent electric film include tin oxide, indium oxide, and zinc oxide.
  • Examples of tin oxide (SnO 2 ) include Nesa (tin oxide SnO 2 ), ATO (Antimony Tin Oxide), and fluorine-doped tin oxide.
  • Examples of indium oxide (In 2 O 3) include indium oxide, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide), and IZO (Indium Zinc Oxide).
  • Examples of the zinc oxide (ZnO) system include zinc oxide, AZO (aluminum doped zinc oxide), and gallium doped zinc oxide.
  • the spacer 45 is a member that defines the thickness (cell gap) of the portion of the liquid crystal layer 44 excluding the outer peripheral portion.
  • a spherical transparent bead spacer can be used.
  • the bead spacer used for the spacer 45 a configuration of an inorganic material such as silica, a configuration of an organic material, a configuration of a core-shell structure combining these, and the like can be widely applied.
  • the bead spacer may be configured by a rod shape such as a cylindrical shape, an elliptical column shape, a rectangular column shape, or the like in addition to a spherical configuration.
  • the spacer 45 is manufactured with a transparent member, you may make it adjust a color tone by applying the material colored as needed.
  • the spacer 45 that defines the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 44 is not limited to the bead spacer described above.
  • the spacer 45 may be formed into a cylindrical shape by applying a photoresist to the substrate 41A side, exposing, and developing. Good.
  • the spacer 45 may be provided in the second stacked body 48, or may be provided in both the first stacked body 47 and the second stacked body 48, or in the first stacked body 47.
  • the alignment layers 43A and 43B are formed of a photo-alignment layer.
  • the photo-alignment material applicable to the photo-alignment layer various materials to which the photo-alignment technique can be applied can be widely applied. Examples of the photoalignment material include a photolysis type, a photodimerization type, and a photoisomerization type.
  • Examples of the photodimerization type material include cinnamate, coumarin, benzylidenephthalimidine, benzylideneacetophenone, diphenylacetylene, stilbazole, uracil, quinolinone, maleimide, or a polymer having a cinnamylideneacetic acid derivative.
  • a polymer having one or both of cinnamate and coumarin is preferably used in that the orientation regulating force is good.
  • Specific examples of such a photodimerization type material include compounds described in, for example, JP-A-9-118717, JP-T-10-506420, JP-T2003-505561, and WO2010 / 150748. Can be mentioned.
  • a rubbing alignment layer may be used instead of the photo alignment layer.
  • the rubbing treatment may not be performed, or the rubbing treatment may be performed, and a fine line-shaped uneven shape may be shaped to produce the alignment layer.
  • the light control film 40 showed the form provided with alignment layer 43A, 43B, it is good not only as this but the form which does not include alignment layer 43A, 43B.
  • a guest-host liquid crystal composition and a dichroic dye composition can be widely applied to the liquid crystal layer 44.
  • the guest host liquid crystal composition may contain a chiral agent, and when the liquid crystal material is horizontally aligned, it may be aligned in a spiral shape in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal layer 44.
  • the light control film 40 is provided with a sealing material 46 so as to surround the liquid crystal layer 44. By this sealing material 46, the first laminated body 47 and the second laminated body 48 are integrally held, and leakage of the liquid crystal material is prevented.
  • a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or the like can be used.
  • the light control film 40 is composed of a vertical alignment layer in which the alignment layers 43A and 43B are set with an alignment regulating force related to a pretilt in a certain direction so that the alignment of the guest-host liquid crystal composition when light is shielded is when an electric field is applied.
  • the setting at the time of light transmission may be configured as a normal lead when the electric field is applied.
  • the normal leader is a structure in which the transmittance is minimized when a voltage is not applied to the liquid crystal and a black screen (light-shielded state) is obtained.
  • Normally clear is a structure in which the transmissivity is maximized and transparent (transmission state) when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal.
  • the light-controlling film 40 includes a guest-host type liquid crystal layer 44 . It is good also as a structure provided with liquid crystal layers 44, such as (In-Plane-Switching) system.
  • liquid crystal layers 44 such as (In-Plane-Switching) system.
  • the electrode may be on one side of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the buffer body 50 laminated on the light control film 40 As described above, the buffer body 50 is laminated so as to be relatively movable with the light control film 40 (film surface 40a). Therefore, between the buffer body 50 and the light control film 40, as shown in FIG.1 (C), the contact part c1 and the space part c2 (gap) are formed at random.
  • the space part c2 is a space where a vacuum state or a minute amount of air exists.
  • the space c2 is provided between the buffer 50 and the light control film 40, the buffer 50 and the light control film 40 are formed on the XY plane of the laminated glass 1 (see FIG. 1A). Are movable with respect to each other.
  • the pressure applied to the buffer body 50 via the intermediate film 30 is dispersed mainly by the buffer body 50 moving on the XY plane. That is, in the buffer body 50, when an excessive pressure is applied to a certain area as compared to the other areas, the buffer body 50 moves substantially parallel to the XY plane. Dispersed on the XY plane. Thus, the nonuniformity of the pressure applied to the light control film 40 is eased by the buffer body 50 when the laminated glass 1 is manufactured.
  • the laminated glass 1 of the first embodiment when the laminated glass 1 is manufactured, the nonuniformity of the pressure applied to the light control film 40 is alleviated and the pressure becomes substantially uniform. The uneven distribution of the liquid crystal in the film 40 can be suppressed. Therefore, the laminated glass 1 of 1st Embodiment has the favorable external appearance, and is excellent also in the light control performance.
  • the laminated glass 1 of 1st Embodiment forms the space part c2 (refer FIG.1 (C)) between the buffer 50 and the light control film 40.
  • FIG. Therefore, reflection occurs at the interface between the light control film 40 and the space part c2 due to the refractive index difference between the light control film 40 and the space part c2.
  • reflection occurs at the interface between the buffer 50 and the space c2 due to the difference in refractive index between the buffer 50 and the space c2.
  • the laminated glass 1 has a mirror-like appearance when viewed from above and from below. Therefore, the laminated glass 1 according to the first embodiment can be switched between the mirror surface state and the transmission state.
  • 3 and 4 are diagrams illustrating a manufacturing process of the laminated glass 1 in the first embodiment.
  • the first intermediate film 30 a is formed on the first glass plate 10.
  • the first intermediate film 30a, the second intermediate film 30b, and the third intermediate film 30c become an integrated intermediate film 30 in a pressure-bonding process described later.
  • the light control film 40 is laminated on the first intermediate film 30a (light control film stacking step).
  • the buffer 50 is laminated on the light control film 40 so as to be relatively movable with respect to the light control film 40 (buffer body stacking step).
  • the third intermediate film 30c is laminated in the region excluding the light control film 40 and the buffer 50 on the first intermediate film 30a. Further, the second intermediate film 30b is laminated on the buffer 50 and the third intermediate film 30c. In the example shown in FIG. 4D, the third intermediate film 30c and the second intermediate film 30b are laminated in this order, but the third intermediate film 30c and the second intermediate film 30b are laminated together. May be.
  • the second glass plate 20 is laminated on the second intermediate film 30b, and the first glass plate 10, the first intermediate film 30a, the light control film 40, the buffer body. 50, the laminated body 1A composed of the second intermediate film 30b and the second glass plate 20 is formed.
  • the laminated body 1A is sealed in a vacuum bag (not shown), and the air inside is sucked to bring the laminated body 1A into a pressurized state.
  • a vacuum bag in which the pressurized laminate 1A is sealed is placed in an oven (not shown) and heated at a predetermined temperature. Note that air is continuously sucked from the vacuum bag even during heating by the oven.
  • each member of the laminated body 1A is pressure-bonded by heating and pressurizing the laminated body 1A (crimping step).
  • the suction of air in the vacuum bag is stopped, and the vacuum bag is taken out of the oven and cooled.
  • the suction of air in the vacuum bag may be stopped after the vacuum bag is taken out of the oven.
  • the laminated body 1A laminated glass 1 is taken out of the vacuum bag, whereby the laminated glass 1 with the light control film 40 sandwiched therebetween is obtained as shown in FIG.
  • the laminated body 1A taken out from the vacuum bag may be transferred to an autoclave pressure vessel (not shown) and further heated and pressurized for a predetermined time in a high temperature / high pressure environment. Further, the vacuum bag may be heated in an autoclave device instead of the oven, and not only pressurization by suction but also further pressurization may be performed.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a part of the laminated glass 11 in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged view corresponding to the region b in FIG. 1B, as in FIG.
  • the laminated glass 11 of the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a spacer 60 is provided between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50. Therefore, illustration and description of the entire laminated glass 11 are omitted in the description and drawings of the second embodiment.
  • the same members as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
  • the laminated glass 11 of the second embodiment is provided with a plurality of spacers 60 between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50.
  • a spacer 60 for example, a spherical transparent bead spacer can be used.
  • the bead spacer used for the spacer 60 may be the same as or different from the spacer 45 of the light control film 40 described above.
  • a transparent bead spacer as the spacer 60, the appearance when the laminated glass 11 is in a transmissive state can be improved.
  • the diameter of the spacer 60 is desirably larger than the surface roughness (for example, the maximum height) of the buffer body 50.
  • a space c ⁇ b> 2 can be formed on almost the entire surface between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50 as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the space portion c2 is a space where a vacuum state or a minute amount of air exists, almost the entire space between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50 exists in a vacuum state or a minute amount of air. Space. According to this, because the space c2 formed between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50, heat is hardly transmitted from the light control film 40 to the buffer body 50 and from the buffer body 50 to the light control film 40. The heat insulation effect of the laminated glass 11 can be enhanced.
  • the uneven distribution of a liquid crystal can be suppressed similarly to the laminated glass 1 of 1st Embodiment.
  • the laminated glass 11 of 2nd Embodiment when the laminated glass 11 is made into a light-shielding state, the external appearance like a mirror surface can be obtained similarly to the laminated glass 1 of 1st Embodiment. That is, even when a plurality of spacers 60 are provided between the light control film 40 and the buffer body 50, switching between the mirror surface state and the transmission state is possible.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the buffer body 70 in a modified embodiment.
  • the buffer 70 and the light control film 40 are shown, since the structure of the light control film 40 is the same as 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate
  • the buffer 70 includes, for example, a base material layer 71, a first optical shape layer 72, a reflective layer 73, a second optical shape layer 74, and a protective layer 75 as shown in FIG.
  • the base material layer 71 is a light-transmitting sheet-like member, and the first optical shape layer 72 is integrally formed on the light control film 40 side (hereinafter also referred to as “back side”).
  • the base material layer 71 is a layer that becomes a base material (base) for forming the first optical shape layer 72.
  • the base material layer 71 is made of, for example, a polyester resin such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) having a high light transmittance, an acrylic resin, a styrene resin, an acrylic / styrene resin, a PC (polycarbonate) resin, an alicyclic polyolefin resin, a TAC (tricyl) Acetyl cellulose) resin or the like.
  • a polyester resin such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) having a high light transmittance
  • an acrylic resin e.g., a styrene resin, an acrylic / styrene resin, a PC (polycarbonate) resin, an alicyclic polyolefin resin, a TAC (tricyl) Acetyl cellulose) resin or the like.
  • the first optical shape layer 72 is a light-transmitting layer formed on the back side of the base material layer 71.
  • the first optical shape layer 72 is provided with a plurality of unit optical shapes 72A arranged. As shown in FIG. 6, the unit optical shape 72A is parallel to the X direction, and the cross-sectional shape in a cross section parallel to the arrangement direction of the unit optical shapes 72A is a substantially triangular shape.
  • the unit optical shape 72A is convex on the back side, and has a first inclined surface 72Aa on which light is incident and a second inclined surface 72Ab opposite to the first inclined surface 72Aa.
  • the first slope 72Aa is located on the upper side (base material layer 71 side) of the second slope 72Ab across the vertex a.
  • the first inclined surface 72Aa and the second inclined surface 72Ab of the unit optical shape 72A have fine and irregular uneven shapes.
  • the fine concavo-convex shape is formed by irregularly arranging convex shapes and concave shapes in a two-dimensional direction, and the convex shapes and concave shapes are irregular in size, shape, height, and the like.
  • a circular Fresnel lens shape may be formed on the back surface of the first optical shape layer 72, or a linear Fresnel lens shape may be formed. Further, a plurality of columnar unit prisms may be provided in the left-right direction (X direction) with the depth direction in the drawing as the longitudinal direction.
  • the first optical shape layer 72 is formed of, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin such as urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, epoxy acrylate, polyether acrylate, polythiol, or butadiene acrylate having high light transmittance.
  • the reflective layer 73 is formed on the unit optical shape 72A (on the first slope 72Aa and the second slope 72Ab).
  • the reflection layer 73 is a so-called half mirror that reflects a part of incident light and transmits the other part.
  • the reflection layer 73 has a function of diffusing and reflecting a part of incident light by the fine uneven shape of the reflection surface and transmitting other light that does not reflect without diffusing.
  • the reflection layer 73 is formed of a metal having high light reflectivity, for example, aluminum, silver, nickel, or the like. These metals may be formed by sputtering.
  • the reflective layer 13 may be a dielectric multilayer film in which a plurality of dielectric films having a high refractive index and dielectric films having a low refractive index are alternately stacked.
  • the dielectric film having a high refractive index is formed of, for example, TiO 2 (titanium dioxide), Nb 2 O 5 (niobium pentoxide), Ta 2 O 5 (tantalum pentoxide), or the like.
  • the dielectric film having a low refractive index is formed of, for example, SiO 2 (silicon dioxide), MgF 2 (magnesium fluoride), or the like.
  • the second optical shape layer 74 is a light-transmitting layer provided on the back side of the first optical shape layer 72.
  • the second optical shape layer 74 is filled so as to fill the valleys between the unit optical shapes 72A, and the surface on the back side of the first optical shape layer 72 is flattened.
  • the surface on the base material layer 71 side of the second optical shape layer 74 is formed by arranging a plurality of substantially reverse shapes of the unit optical shapes 72A of the first optical shape layer 72.
  • the refractive index of the second optical shape layer 74 is preferably approximately the same as the first optical shape layer 72 (a state having a refractive index difference that is small enough to be regarded as equivalent), and desirably the same.
  • the second optical shape layer 74 may be formed using the same resin as the first optical shape layer 12 described above, or may be formed using a different resin.
  • the protective layer 75 is a light-transmitting layer formed on the back side of the second optical shape layer 74 and has a function of protecting the back side of the buffer body 70.
  • a sheet-like member made of a resin having high light transmittance is used for the protective layer 75.
  • a sheet-like member formed using the same material as the base material layer 71 described above may be used. Note that the protective layer 75 may be omitted.
  • the laminated glass 1 When a transparent screen film as described above is used as the buffer body 70, the laminated glass 1 can be provided with a display function such as an image. Moreover, the dark state at the time of making the laminated glass 1 into a light-shielding state can be made darker.
  • the light control film 40 may be used as the buffer body 50. In this case, the light control film 40 and the light control film 40 used as the buffer body 50 do not need to be the same structure, and one part structure may mutually differ. Thus, by using the light control film 40 as the buffer 50, the dark state when the laminated glass 1 is in a light-shielding state can be made darker.
  • the buffer body 50 is not limited to the configuration laminated on the surface of the light control film 40 on the second glass plate 20 side, but the surface of the light control film 40 on the first glass plate 10 side. And it may be laminated
  • a second buffer (not shown) is stacked on the first intermediate film 30a, and then, as the light control film stacking step, What is necessary is just to laminate
  • the second buffer is laminated so as to be movable relative to the light control film 40.
  • a first buffer (corresponding to the buffer 50) may be stacked on the light control film 40.
  • the laminated glass 1 can be provided with functionality according to the intended use. For example, when the laminated glass 1 provided with two shock absorbers is applied to a vehicle window, a shock absorber having an ultraviolet absorbing function is disposed on the outdoor side, and a shock absorber having a sound insulating function is disposed on the indoor side. Thereby, the functionality of the laminated glass 1 applied as a vehicle window can be further enhanced.
  • the spacer 60 (refer FIG. 5) is between the 1st buffer body and the light control film 40, or 2nd buffer. It may be provided between the body and the light control film 40, or may be provided between the first buffer and the light control film 40 and between the second buffer and the light control film 40.
  • the surface shape of the laminated glass 1 is not limited to a two-dimensional shape, and may be, for example, a three-dimensional shape that is convex on one surface side.
  • the three-dimensional shape is a curved surface that cannot be formed simply by deforming a plane without expansion and contraction, and is a curved surface defined by two independent parameters in a three-dimensional space.
  • a curved surface having two curvature criteria as parameters, the curvature radius Rx centering on the X axis and the curvature radius Ry centering on the Y axis, with the X axis and the Y axis orthogonal to each other as the central axes can be exemplified.
  • the light control device 110 described below can be applied to various technical fields where adjustment of light transmittance is required, and the application range is not particularly limited.
  • the light control device 110 can be disposed in a building, a vehicle, or the like, as described for the laminated glass 1 described above.
  • the dimmer 110 described below is merely an example. Therefore, for example, some of the elements listed below as constituent elements of the light control device 110 may be replaced with other elements or may not be included. In addition, elements not listed below may be included as components of the light control device 110. In addition, in the drawings, there are portions in which the scale, the dimensional ratio, and the like are appropriately changed or exaggerated from those of the actual ones for the convenience of illustration and understanding.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing the light control device (laminated glass) 110 according to the present embodiment.
  • the light control device 110 according to the present embodiment is configured by a three-dimensional shape having a curved surface shape, and in FIG. 7, as an example, the light control device 110 has a shape that is convex on one surface side. is doing.
  • the light control device 110 is not limited to this, and for example, the surface shape may be a flat shape (that is, a flat plate shape), or the surface shape may be a two-dimensional shape having a curved surface shape (for example, a part of a cylinder). It is good also as the shape to comprise.
  • the three-dimensional shape is not a simple cylindrical surface but a curved surface that cannot be formed by simply deforming the plane without expansion and contraction, and is a two-dimensional shape (two-dimensionally bent) around a single axis.
  • the plan view means a state viewed from a direction perpendicular to the main surface of the light control device 110.
  • the light control device 110 includes a first glass plate 111, a first intermediate film 113, a light control cell 120, a second intermediate film 114, and a second glass plate 112. It has.
  • the first glass plate 111, the first intermediate film 113, the light control cell 120, the second intermediate film 114, and the second glass plate 112 are laminated in this order.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the layer configuration of the light control device 110 according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view illustrating the layer configuration of the light control device 110 according to the present embodiment.
  • the light modulation apparatus 110 of this embodiment has a three-dimensional surface shape, in FIG.8 and FIG.9, in order to understand easily, the surface shape of the light modulation apparatus 110 is planar. Sectional drawing in the case of being is shown.
  • the dimming device 110 includes a first glass plate 111, a second glass plate 112, and a dimming cell 120 disposed between the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112. It has.
  • the light control cell 120 includes a first laminate 121 including a first base material 124, a first transparent electrode 125, and a first alignment layer 126, a second base material 127, a second transparent electrode 128, and a second alignment layer 129. And a liquid crystal layer 123 disposed between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122.
  • the first glass plate (transparent member) 111 and the second glass plate (transparent member) 112 are plate glasses that are arranged on the front and back surfaces of the light control device 110 and have high translucency.
  • the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 are three-dimensional shapes having a curved surface shape, and are formed in advance in a shape having a curved surface shape that is convex on one surface side (see FIG. 7). ).
  • the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 are formed so that the first glass plate 111 side is convex with respect to the second glass plate 112 side. You may form so that the 2nd glass plate 112 side may become convex shape with respect to the glass plate 111 side.
  • the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 have a thickness of 1 mm or more and 4 mm or less, and as an example, a plate glass having a thickness of 2 mm is used.
  • a plate glass having a thickness of 2 mm is used as the 1st glass plate 111 and the 2nd glass plate 112.
  • the thing similar to the 1st glass plate 10 and the 2nd glass plate 20 mentioned above can be used.
  • the first intermediate film 113 is a member that joins the first glass plate 111 and the light control cell 120.
  • the second intermediate film 114 is a member that joins the second glass plate 112 and the light control cell 120.
  • the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 those similar to the intermediate film 30 described above can be used.
  • the thicknesses of the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 may be appropriately selected according to the material and the like. Specifically, the thickness of the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 may be not less than 300 ⁇ m and not more than 2.5 mm, and one having a thickness of 760 ⁇ m is used as an example.
  • the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 are connected to each other by a frame intermediate film (third intermediate film) 116.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is an intermediate film having a frame shape or a square shape (a square shape with the center cut out) in a plan view.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 may be made of the same material as the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is formed on the thickness portion of the dimming cell 120 in a sectional view when the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 are larger than the dimming cell 120 (in plan view).
  • This is an intermediate film to be formed.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is formed so as to surround the periphery of the light control cell 120 in plan view, and is a frame-shaped intermediate formed by cutting out the shape of the light control cell 120 from the shape of the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114. It is a membrane.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is formed between the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 and in a portion corresponding to the periphery of the light control cell 120.
  • a frame intermediate film 116 is also formed between the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114 and in a portion corresponding to the periphery of the film 133 (described later) and the gap layer G (described later).
  • the width W1 (FIG. 9) of the frame intermediate film 116 is preferably about 0 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
  • the light control cell 120 (light control film, liquid crystal film) is a film that can control the amount of transmitted light by changing the applied voltage.
  • the light control cell 120 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112.
  • the light control cell 120 has a guest-host type liquid crystal layer using a dichroic dye, and is a member that changes the amount of transmitted light by an electric field applied to the liquid crystal.
  • the light control cell 120 includes a film-like first laminated body 121, a film-like second laminated body 122, and a liquid crystal layer 123 disposed between the first laminated body 121 and the second laminated body 122. ing.
  • the first laminate 121 is formed by laminating a first base material 124, a first transparent electrode 125, and a first alignment layer 126. That is, the first base material 124, the first transparent electrode 125, and the first alignment layer 126 are laminated in this order from the first intermediate film 113 side.
  • the second stacked body 122 is formed by stacking the second base material 127, the second transparent electrode 128, and the second alignment layer 129. That is, the second base material 127, the second transparent electrode 128, and the second alignment layer 129 are stacked in this order from the second intermediate film 114 side.
  • a plurality of bead spacers 131 are disposed between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122.
  • the liquid crystal layer 123 is disposed between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122 between the plurality of bead spacers 131.
  • the plurality of bead spacers 131 may be irregularly or regularly arranged.
  • the dimming cell 120 is driven by the guest-host liquid crystal composition provided in the liquid crystal layer 123 by driving the first transparent electrode 125 and the second transparent electrode 128 provided in the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122.
  • the orientation of the liquid crystal material is changed, thereby changing the amount of transmitted light.
  • the first base material 124 and the second base material 127 the same materials as the base materials 41A and 41B described above can be used.
  • the thickness of the transparent resin film used as the 1st base material 124 and the 2nd base material 127 is based also on the material, it can select suitably within the range with which the transparent resin film has flexibility.
  • the thickness of the first base material 124 and the second base material 127 may be 50 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, respectively.
  • a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 100 ⁇ m is applied as an example of the first base material 124 and the second base material 127.
  • the first transparent electrode 125 and the second transparent electrode 128 are composed of transparent conductive films laminated on the first base material 124 and the second base material 127 (transparent resin film), respectively.
  • the bead spacer 131 is a member that defines the thickness (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer 123 excluding the outer peripheral portion.
  • a spherical bead spacer is used as the bead spacer 131.
  • the diameter of the bead spacer 131 may be in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, preferably 3 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m.
  • the same spacer as the spacer 45 described above can be used.
  • the bead spacer 131 is provided in the second stacked body 122, but is not limited thereto, and both the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122, or the first stacked body. It may be provided only on the body 121. Further, the bead spacer 131 is not necessarily provided. Alternatively, a columnar spacer may be used instead of the bead spacer 131 or together with the bead spacer 131.
  • first alignment layer 126 and the second alignment layer 129 the same materials as the alignment layers 43A and 43B described above can be used.
  • a rubbing alignment layer may be used instead of the photo alignment layer.
  • the rubbing treatment may not be performed, or the rubbing treatment may be performed, and a fine line-shaped uneven shape may be shaped to produce the alignment layer.
  • the light control cell 120 includes the first alignment layer 126 and the second alignment layer 129.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the embodiment does not include the first alignment layer 126 and the second alignment layer 129. It is good.
  • the same liquid crystal layer 44 as described above can be used.
  • An annular or frame-shaped sealing material 132 is disposed between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122 so as to surround the liquid crystal layer 123 in plan view. By this sealing material 132, the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122 are integrally held, and leakage of the liquid crystal material is prevented.
  • the sealing material 132 the same material as the sealing material 46 described above can be used.
  • the light control cell 120 the thing similar to the light control film 40 mentioned above can be used.
  • a film 133 is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the first intermediate film 113.
  • the film 133 is disposed between the first base material 124 and the first intermediate film 113 of the light control cell 120, and is bonded to the first intermediate film 113.
  • the film 133 may be made of a transparent resin and may be a flexible resin film.
  • As the film 133 it is desirable to apply a transparent resin film having a small optical anisotropy and a transmittance of 80% or more at a visible wavelength (380 nm to 800 nm).
  • a material of the transparent resin film the same material as the transparent resin film used for the first base material 124 and the second base material 127 described above can be used.
  • the film 133 a functional film such as an infrared (IR) reflection film or an ultraviolet (UV) cut film may be used.
  • the film 133 has a light control cell, an AR (Anti-Reflection) film, an AG (Anti-Glare) film, a reflective polarizing film, a light control film having a light control method other than liquid crystal, or a defroster function. It may be a film.
  • the thickness of the film 133 is based also on the material, it is good also as 50 micrometers or more and 250 micrometers or less, for example, and it is preferable to set it as 100 micrometers or more and 125 micrometers or less.
  • planar shape of the film 133 is smaller than the planar shapes of the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114. Furthermore, the planar shape of the film 133 is preferably smaller than the planar shape of the entire light control cell 120 and larger than the planar shape of the liquid crystal layer 123 located inside the sealing material 132. Accordingly, since the film 133 covers the entire liquid crystal layer 123, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of liquid crystal accumulation, which is a phenomenon in which a large amount of liquid crystal is locally present in a part of the liquid crystal layer 123 throughout the entire surface.
  • the planar shape of the film 133 may be smaller than the inner side (the liquid crystal layer 123) of the sealing material 132 of the light control cell 120, and liquid crystal accumulation may be induced in a region where the film 133 does not exist.
  • the portion (outer periphery) in which the liquid crystal pool is induced in this way can be hidden when the light control device 110 is arranged in a vehicle window or the like.
  • functional films such as an infrared (IR) reflection film, an ultraviolet (UV) cut film, an AR (Anti-Reflection) film, and an AG (Anti-Glare) film are added between the film 133 and the light control cell 120. May be.
  • the functional film may be bonded to the film 133 or the light control cell 120.
  • the functional film may be added between the first intermediate film 113 and the film 133.
  • a gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the gap layer G is formed in a space between the first base material 124 and the film 133 of the light control cell 120.
  • the first base material 124 and the film 133 of the light control cell 120 are not joined to each other and are arranged at a certain interval in the thickness direction.
  • the air gap layer G is filled with air, but is not limited thereto, and may be filled with a gas such as nitrogen or an inert gas.
  • the thickness of the void layer G is, for example, greater than 0 ⁇ m and not greater than 10,000 ⁇ m, and preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or greater and 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • the planar shape of the gap layer G may be substantially the same as the planar shape of the film 133.
  • the gap layer G is formed between the light control cell 120 and the film 133, so that the cell gap defect of the light control cell 120 is reduced and a part of the liquid crystal layer 123 is locally formed as described later.
  • the occurrence of liquid crystal accumulation which is a phenomenon in which a large amount of liquid crystal exists, can be suppressed.
  • the heat insulating property of the light control device 110 is improved, and the heat retaining property of the vehicle or the building in which the light control device 110 is disposed can be improved. it can.
  • the light control device 110 when the light control cell 120 is in a light-shielded state, the light control device 110 is viewed from the first glass plate 111 side by reflection at the interface between the light control cell 120 and the gap layer G and at the interface between the film 133 and the gap layer G. And is observed in a mirror shape.
  • the light control device 110 is connected to a light control controller 191, and a sensor device 192 and a user operation unit 193 are connected to the light control controller 191.
  • the dimming controller 191 can control the dimming state of the dimming device 110, switch between blocking and transmitting light by the dimming device 110, and change the light transmittance in the dimming device 110.
  • the dimming controller 191 is connected to the external electrode substrate 135 of the dimming device 110 and adjusts the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 of the dimming device 110 to adjust the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 123. By changing, it is possible to switch between blocking and transmitting light by the light control device 110 and changing the light transmittance.
  • the dimming controller 191 can adjust the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 based on an arbitrary method.
  • the dimming controller 191 adjusts the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 according to, for example, the measurement result of the sensor device 192 or an instruction (command) input by the user via the user operation unit 193, and the dimming device 110 It is possible to switch between blocking and transmitting light and changing light transmittance. Therefore, the dimming controller 191 may automatically adjust the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 according to the measurement result of the sensor device 192, or manually according to the user's instruction via the user operation unit 193. You may adjust it.
  • the measurement object by the sensor device 192 is not particularly limited. For example, the brightness of the usage environment may be measured.
  • the light control device 110 uses light blocking and transmission switching or light transmittance change. This is done according to the brightness of the environment. Further, it is not always necessary to connect both the sensor device 192 and the user operation unit 193 to the dimming controller 191, and only one of the sensor device 192 and the user operation unit 193 may be connected. .
  • the external electrode substrate 135 is sandwiched between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122. In the region where the external electrode substrate 135 is formed, the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122 have electrode protruding pieces 136 that protrude outward in the surface direction.
  • the external electrode substrate 135 is embedded in the electrode protruding piece 136.
  • the external electrode substrate 135 and the electrode protruding piece 136 are sandwiched between the frame intermediate film 116 and the second intermediate film 114 as shown by the arrows in FIG. Protrudes towards.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the external electrode substrate 135 and the electrode protruding piece 136 may be sandwiched between the frame intermediate film 116 and the first intermediate film 113.
  • 10 (a)-(d) and FIGS. 11 (a)-(c) are cross-sectional views showing a method of manufacturing the light control cell 120 according to the present embodiment.
  • a second substrate 127 supplied in a roll shape is prepared.
  • a second transparent electrode 128 made of, for example, ITO is formed on the second base material 127 by sputtering or the like using a sputtering apparatus.
  • the transparent electrode may be patterned so as to have a predetermined pattern shape.
  • a first laminated body 121 in which a first base material 124, a first transparent electrode 125, and a first alignment layer 126 are laminated is also prepared in the same manner as the steps shown in FIGS. 10 (a) to 10 (c). To do.
  • a bead spacer 131 is disposed on the second alignment layer 129 of the second stacked body 122.
  • various arrangement methods can be widely applied in addition to wet / dry spraying.
  • the beads are randomly formed on the second alignment layer 129 by sequentially performing drying and baking processes.
  • a spacer 131 may be arranged to keep it difficult to move.
  • the outer periphery of the bead spacer 131 may be covered with the second alignment layer 129.
  • the bead spacer 131 is thinly covered and held by the second alignment layer 129 by forming the second alignment layer 129 by mixing the bead spacer 131 with the coating liquid related to the second alignment layer 129. Can be configured.
  • a sealant 132 is applied onto the second alignment layer 129 of the second stacked body 122 using a dispenser.
  • the sealing material 132 is applied in a frame shape so as to surround a portion where the liquid crystal layer 123 is manufactured.
  • the second stacked body 122 and the first stacked body 121 are stacked on each other, and the liquid crystal layer 123 is disposed.
  • the liquid crystal constituting the liquid crystal layer 123 is dropped into the region surrounded by the sealing material 132.
  • the liquid crystal layer 123 is filled inside the sealing material 132 and around the bead spacer 131.
  • the second stacked body 122 in which the liquid crystal layer 123 is arranged and the first stacked body 121 prepared in advance are stacked and pressed together.
  • the sealing material 132 is semi-cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays, and then heated, whereby the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122 are integrated.
  • the laminated body of the first laminated body 121 and the second laminated body 122 manufactured in this way is trimmed and cut into a desired size.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the second stacked body 122 and the first stacked body are stacked.
  • the liquid crystal layer 123 may be disposed after the body 121 is stacked on each other. Thereafter, by attaching an external electrode substrate 135 (see FIG. 9) between the first stacked body 121 and the second stacked body 122, the light control cell 120 according to the present embodiment is obtained.
  • FIGS. 12A to 12C are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for manufacturing the light control device 110.
  • FIG. 12A to 12C are cross-sectional views illustrating a method for manufacturing the light control device 110.
  • the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 are prepared, and the first intermediate film 113 and the frame intermediate film 116 are prepared by the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112.
  • the laminated glass laminated body 130 is produced by sandwiching the film 133, the light control cell 120, and the second intermediate film 114.
  • the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112 are preliminarily shaped with curved surfaces having a three-dimensional surface shape.
  • the laminated glass laminate 130 is sealed in a bag 151.
  • the bag 151 is preferably made of rubber or silicon having flexibility and airtightness.
  • a ventilation pipe 152 is connected to the bag 151, and the air in the bag 151 is sucked through the ventilation pipe 152 by a pump (not shown). Thereby, the air which remains between each member of the laminated glass laminated body 130 is attracted
  • the bag 151 and the laminated glass laminated body 130 are sucked so as to be in a vacuum state, and a pressure of about atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) is applied to the laminated glass laminated body 130 due to the differential pressure.
  • a pressure of about atmospheric pressure 0.1 MPa
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the suction force of a pump (not shown) is adjusted, and the inside of the bag 151 is not completely vacuumed, but the air between the members of the laminated glass laminate 130 is sufficiently sucked and the laminated glass
  • the laminated body 130 may be in a state where a pressure smaller than the atmospheric pressure is applied due to the differential pressure.
  • the glass laminate 130 is sealed in the bag 151, and then the bag 151 is placed in the heating / pressurizing device 153. Subsequently, the laminated glass laminate 130 is heated together with the bag 151 at a predetermined temperature and time. In the present embodiment, the laminated glass laminate 130 is heated for a predetermined time at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the first intermediate film 113, the second intermediate film 114, and the frame intermediate film 116. At this time, it is preferable to suck the air in the bag 151 through a vent pipe 152 by a pump (not shown).
  • the apparatus used as the heating / pressurizing apparatus 153 is not particularly limited as long as the apparatus can sufficiently heat or press the laminated glass laminate 130.
  • an apparatus for an oven or an autoclave may be used.
  • the first intermediate film 113, the second intermediate film 114, and the frame intermediate film 116 are melted, and the first glass plate 111, the first intermediate film 113, the frame intermediate film 116, the film 133 of the laminated glass laminate 130,
  • the light control cell 120, the 2nd intermediate film 114, and the 2nd glass plate 112 are crimped
  • the gap layer G is formed between them.
  • the pressure applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 of the light control cell 120 is released after the light control device 110 is manufactured, so the liquid crystal layer 123 is unevenly distributed in the light control cell 120. Even if there is, the uneven distribution of the liquid crystal layer 123 is naturally eliminated.
  • the laminated glass laminate 130 (the light control device 110) is heated for a predetermined time at a temperature equal to or higher than the softening temperature of the first intermediate film 113, the second intermediate film 114, and the frame intermediate film 116, whereby a cell gap (liquid crystal layer) is obtained.
  • 123 thickness 123 may be made uniform (a leveling step).
  • the original cell gap (the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 123) is maintained in the portion where the spacer (bead spacer 131) is located, but when the spacer is separated from the bead spacer 131, the value becomes smaller than the original cell gap value. . If such a cell gap becomes uneven, the quality of the light control device 110 may be deteriorated, such as an appearance failure or non-uniform light control function.
  • the film 133 is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the first intermediate film 113, and the gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the film 133. ing.
  • the pressure applied to the liquid crystal layer 123 is released after the light control device 110 is manufactured.
  • the light control cell 120 naturally moves in the gap layer G so that the cell gap (the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 123) becomes uniform (see FIGS. 13A to 13C).
  • the liquid crystal accumulation in the light control cell 120 is eliminated, the liquid crystal layer 123 of the light control cell 120 can be uniformly distributed in the plane, and the quality and appearance of the light control device 110 can be improved.
  • the heat insulating property of the light control device 110 is improved, and the vehicle in which the light control device 110 is provided. And the heat insulation inside the building can be improved.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is formed so as to surround the light control cell 120, and the frame intermediate film 116 connects the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114. .
  • moisture content etc. from the side surface of the light control apparatus 110 can be suppressed, and the water-blocking property of the light control apparatus 110 can be improved more.
  • FIGS. 14 to FIG. 27 are diagrams each showing a light control device according to a modification of the present embodiment. 14 to 27, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 7 to 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • FIG. 14 shows a light control device 110A according to a first modification.
  • a fluid resin layer L is provided between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the fluid resin layer L is enclosed in a space between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the fluid resin layer L is, for example, a transparent resin that softens at a lower temperature than the first intermediate film 113 and the second intermediate film 114, and may be an uncured liquid or a gel.
  • the refractive index of the fluid resin layer L is preferably matched to the film 133.
  • a fluid resin layer L for example, glycerin or the like can be used.
  • the fluid resin layer L may be a fluid liquid layer.
  • the thickness of the fluid resin layer L may be greater than 0 ⁇ m and 10000 ⁇ m or less.
  • the fluid resin layer L can be flowed after the laminated glass processing.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 123 of the light control cell 120 can be made uniform, and the occurrence of liquid crystal pooling can be suppressed.
  • a fluid resin layer L may be provided instead of the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 (or the additional film 133A). .
  • FIG. 15 shows a light control device 110B according to a second modification.
  • a plurality of spacers 134 are provided in the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the spacer 134 a spherical bead spacer having the same configuration as that of the bead spacer 131 of the above-described dimming cell 120 may be used.
  • the plurality of spacers 134 may be regularly arranged in a plan view or may be irregularly arranged.
  • the diameter of the spacer 134 may be in the range of greater than 0 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 10,000 ⁇ m, and is preferably in the range of 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of visibility.
  • a columnar spacer may be used as the spacer 134.
  • FIG. 16 shows a light control device 110C according to a third modification.
  • an additional film 133 ⁇ / b> A is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the second intermediate film 114.
  • a gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the additional film 133A.
  • the additional film 133A a film having the same configuration as that of the film 133 may be used.
  • the fluidity of the liquid crystal layer 123 of the dimming cell 120 is provided by providing the gap layers G on both sides of the dimming cell 120 (the first intermediate film 113 side and the second intermediate film 114 side).
  • the liquid crystal layer 123 can be more effectively suppressed from being clogged with liquid crystal.
  • the first glass plate 111 side since there are films on both the first glass plate 111 side and the second glass plate 112 side with respect to the light control cell 120, when the light control cell 120 is in a light-shielded state, the first glass plate 111 side, When viewed from either of the two glass plates 112 side, the same mirror surface is observed.
  • (Fourth modification) 17 and 18 show a light control device 110D according to a fourth modification.
  • an extension 161 is formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133.
  • the extension 161 protrudes outward in the surface direction from the light control device 110D.
  • the extension 161 has a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view and extends outward from the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112. In this case, the extension portion 161 is formed by the first base material 124 and the film 133 of the light control cell 120.
  • the first base material 124 of the light control cell 120 has a protruding piece 124a that protrudes outward
  • the film 133 has a protruding piece 133a that protrudes outward
  • the extension 161 is constituted by a protruding piece 124 a of the light control cell 120 and a protruding piece 133 a of the film 133.
  • the protruding piece 124a of the first base material 124 and the protruding piece 133a of the film 133 that constitute the extension 161 have the same shape.
  • a dimming cell 120 having such a protruding piece 124a is also provided.
  • a communication hole (vent hole) 162 is provided for communicating the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air.
  • the communication hole 162 is formed inside the extension portion 161, and specifically, is provided in a gap between the first base material 124 and the film 133 in the extension portion 161. In this case, even when air escapes from the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 during the laminated glass processing, the gap layer G is restored by injecting a gas such as air or nitrogen from the communication hole 162. Can do. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the accumulation of liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 123 of the light control cell 120.
  • the communication hole 162 may be sealed with an adhesive or a liquid intermediate film.
  • the extension portion 161 is formed by the first base material 124 and the film 133, and the second base material 127 does not exist at the location of the extension portion 161. Thereby, the communication hole 162 can be made thin, the passage of air becomes wide, and the liquid crystal pool is easily improved.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the extension 161 may be formed by the second base material 127, the first base material 124, and the film 133.
  • the place where the extension part 161 (extension part 161) is provided is not limited, it is preferable that the part other than the corner part of the light control cell 120 is used in order to suppress the occurrence of wrinkles.
  • the width W2 (FIG. 18) of the extension 161 is preferably 5 mm or more and 40 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or more and 20 mm or less.
  • variety W2 of the extension part 161 can be suppressed narrowly and it can become difficult to generate
  • FIG. it is desirable to narrow the width W3 (FIGS. 17 and 18) of the frame intermediate film 116 at least where the communication holes 162 are formed.
  • the width W3 of the frame intermediate film 116 is preferably about 0 mm or more and 10 mm or less.
  • the communication hole 162 may be any one that can communicate the air gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air.
  • the extension 161 may be formed over the entire side of the first base 124 (second base 127) and the film 133 of the light control cell 120.
  • FIG. 19 shows a light control device 110E according to a fifth modification.
  • an extension 161 is formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133 as in the fourth modification (FIGS. 17 and 18). .
  • the extension 161 protrudes outward in the surface direction from the light control device 110E.
  • a communication hole (vent hole) 162 that communicates the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air is provided.
  • the frame intermediate film 116 is a plan view in which one side provided with the communication hole 162 is missing among the four sides of the first base material 124 (second base material 127) and the film 133 of the light control cell 120. It has a U shape. Thus, since the frame intermediate film 116 does not exist on one side where the communication hole 162 is provided, it is possible to easily inject a gas such as air or nitrogen from the communication hole 162.
  • FIGS. 20 and 21 show a light control device 110F according to a sixth modification.
  • a communication pipe 163 is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the communication pipe 163 protrudes outward from the light control device 110F in the surface direction. That is, the communication pipe 163 has an elongated tube shape and extends outward from the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112. In this case, the communication pipe 163 is sandwiched between the first base material 124 of the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • a communication hole (air hole) 162 ⁇ / b> A that communicates the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air is provided.
  • This communication hole 162 ⁇ / b> A is formed at the radial center of the communication pipe 163.
  • the gap layer G can be restored by injecting air from the communication hole 162A.
  • the fluid resin layer L (FIG. 14) is sealed between the light control cell 120 and the film 133, the fluid resin layer L may be injected from the communication hole 162A.
  • FIG. 22 shows a light control device 110G according to a seventh modification.
  • a plurality (two) of extended portions 161A and 161B are formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133.
  • the two extension parts 161A and 161B each protrude outward in the surface direction from the light control device 110G. That is, each of the extending portions 161A and 161B has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and extends outward from the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112.
  • the two extending portions 161A and 161B are located on the same side of the light control device 110G, but are not limited to this, and may be located on different sides.
  • each of the extension parts 161A and 161B is formed by the protruding piece 124a of the first base material 124 and the protruding piece 133a of the film 133, respectively.
  • communication holes (ventilation holes) 162B and 162C are provided for communicating the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air.
  • the communication holes 162B and 162C are formed in the extension portions 161A and 161B, respectively.
  • the communication holes 162B and 162C are provided in the gaps between the first base material 124 and the film 133 in the extension portions 161A and 161B.
  • each extension 161A, 161B is substantially the same as the configuration of the extension 161 shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 23 shows a light control device 110H according to an eighth modification.
  • an additional film 133 ⁇ / b> A is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the second intermediate film 114.
  • a gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the additional film 133A.
  • an extension portion 161 ⁇ / b> C is formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133.
  • Each of the extension portions 161C protrudes outward from the light control device 110H in the surface direction.
  • the extension portion 161 ⁇ / b> C has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and extends outward from the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112.
  • the extension 161C is formed by the protruding piece 124a of the first base material 124, the protruding piece 127a of the second base material 127, the protruding piece 133a of the film 133, and the protruding piece 133b of the additional film 133A.
  • a communication hole (air hole) 162 ⁇ / b> D that communicates the air gap between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air is provided.
  • the communication hole 162D is provided in a gap between the first base material 124 and the film 133 in the extension portion 161C.
  • a communication hole (vent hole) 162E that communicates the air gap between the light control cell 120 and the additional film 133A and the outside air is provided.
  • the communication hole 162E is provided in a gap between the first base material 124 and the additional film 133A in the extension portion 161C.
  • the configuration of the extension portion 161 ⁇ / b> C is substantially the same as the configuration of the extension portion 161 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18.
  • FIG. 24 shows a light control device 110I according to a ninth modification.
  • an additional film 133A is disposed between the light control cell 120 and the second intermediate film 114.
  • a gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the additional film 133A.
  • a plurality (two) of extension portions 161D and 161E are formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133. The two extension parts 161D and 161E each protrude outward from the light control device 110I in the surface direction.
  • each of the extension parts 161D and 161E has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view and extends outward from the first glass plate 111 and the second glass plate 112.
  • one extension portion 161 ⁇ / b> D is formed by the protruding piece 124 a of the first base material 124 and the protruding piece 133 a of the film 133.
  • a communication hole (vent hole) 162 ⁇ / b> F that communicates the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the outside air is provided.
  • the communication hole 162F is formed in one extension portion 161D, and specifically, is provided in a gap between the first base material 124 and the film 133 in the extension portion 161D.
  • the other extension 161E is formed by the protruding piece 127a of the second base material 127 and the protruding piece 133b of the additional film 133A.
  • a communication layer (ventilation hole) 162G that communicates the air gap between the light control cell 120 and the additional film 133A and the outside air is provided.
  • This communication hole 162G is formed in the other extension portion 161E, and specifically, is provided in a gap between the second base material 127 and the additional film 133A in the other extension portion 161E.
  • the configuration of the extension portions 161D and 161E is substantially the same as the configuration of the extension portion 161 shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 25 shows a light control device 110J according to a tenth modification.
  • the periphery of the light control cell 120 and the periphery of the film 133 are bonded to each other with a sealing material 164.
  • the sealing material 164 is provided along the periphery of the gap layer G.
  • the sealing material 164 the same material as the sealing material 132 of the light control cell 120 described above can be used.
  • a thermosetting resin such as an epoxy resin and an acrylic resin, or an ultraviolet curing material can be used. Resin etc. can be applied.
  • the width W4 of the sealing material 164 may be 0.1 mm or more and 50 mm or less.
  • the sealing material 164 is applied along the periphery of the first base material 124 of the light control cell 120, and is formed by laminating the light control cell 120 and the film 133, and then cured by, for example, ultraviolet light (UV) and heat.
  • UV ultraviolet light
  • the sealing material 164 may be formed simultaneously with the sealing material 132 of the light control cell 120.
  • the sealing material 164 is provided on the entire periphery of the light control cell 120 and the film 133, but is not limited thereto, and may be provided on only a part of the periphery of the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • the rigidity of the light control cell 120 and the film 133 is increased, and generation of wrinkles and liquid crystal accumulation can be suppressed. Further, since the gap layer G between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 and the frame intermediate film 116 are not directly touched, deterioration of the frame intermediate film 116 due to air or the like is suppressed. Furthermore, since the light control cell 120 and the film 133 are integrated, the process of laminating them can be simplified. In FIG. 25, the distance between the light control cell 120 and the film 133 can be adjusted by the sealant 164, so that the light reflected from the surface of the light control cell 120 interferes with the light reflected from the surface of the film 133.
  • a spacer (for example, the same as the bead spacer 131 described above) may be mixed in the sealing material 164 to adjust the distance between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • a light control cell including a light control cell 120 and a film 133 bonded to the light control cell 120 with a sealing material 164, and a light control layer in which a gap layer G is provided between the light control cell 120 and the film 133.
  • a device laminate 160 is also provided.
  • FIG. 26 shows a light control device 110K according to an eleventh modification.
  • an extension 161 is formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133. Further, the peripheral edge of the light control cell 120 and the peripheral edge of the film 133 are bonded to each other by a sealing material 164. Further, in the extension portion 161, the first base material 124 and the film 133 of the light control cell 120 are bonded to each other by the sealing material 164.
  • the sealing material 164 is also formed at both ends of the extension 161 in the width direction.
  • the sealing material 164 is not provided in the base end part of the extension part 161, and communication with the communicating hole 162 and the space
  • the tip of the extension portion 161 is fluidized in a state where this space is set to a negative pressure.
  • the fluid resin layer L can be smoothly sealed in the space. For this reason, it is not necessary to immerse the entire side of the light control cell 120 in a container containing the fluid resin layer L.
  • FIG. 27 shows a light control device 110L according to a twelfth modification.
  • an extension 161 is formed by a part of the light control cell 120 and a part of the film 133.
  • two opposing sides of the light control cell 120 and the film 133 are bonded to each other by a sealing material 164.
  • the side where the extension 161 is formed and the side facing the side where the extension 161 is formed are bonded by the sealing material 164, respectively. Yes.
  • the first base material 124 and the film 133 of the light control cell 120 are bonded to each other by the sealing material 164.
  • the sealing material 164 is also formed at both ends of the extension 161 in the width direction.
  • the other configuration is substantially the same as the configuration shown in FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/015599 2018-04-11 2019-04-10 合わせガラス、合わせガラスの製造方法、調光装置、調光セル及び調光装置用積層体 Ceased WO2019198748A1 (ja)

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JP2022109495A (ja) * 2021-01-15 2022-07-28 大日本印刷株式会社 調光装置及びその製造方法
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WO2023090133A1 (ja) 2021-11-19 2023-05-25 大日本印刷株式会社 合わせガラス及び液晶装置
KR20240107110A (ko) 2021-11-19 2024-07-08 다이니폰 인사츠 가부시키가이샤 접합 유리 및 액정 장치
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CN115257116B (zh) * 2022-07-29 2023-11-03 福耀玻璃工业集团股份有限公司 调光组件及其制备方法和车辆
CN115728980A (zh) * 2022-11-22 2023-03-03 淄博松柏电子科技有限公司 一种可适用的调光薄膜
WO2024179832A1 (en) 2023-02-27 2024-09-06 Agc Glass Europe Injection apparatus for a dynamic laminated glazing
CN116594229A (zh) * 2023-06-05 2023-08-15 浙江精一新材料科技有限公司 一种封装光阀及调光玻璃组件
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