WO2019148752A1 - 阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统及方法 - Google Patents

阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统及方法 Download PDF

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WO2019148752A1
WO2019148752A1 PCT/CN2018/092747 CN2018092747W WO2019148752A1 WO 2019148752 A1 WO2019148752 A1 WO 2019148752A1 CN 2018092747 W CN2018092747 W CN 2018092747W WO 2019148752 A1 WO2019148752 A1 WO 2019148752A1
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resistance
settlement
foundation
geogrid
measuring
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张炯
崔新壮
代朝霞
佘蕊
马国栋
明瑞平
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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Priority to AU2018405759A priority Critical patent/AU2018405759B2/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a grounding test system and method for a resistance sensitive grid foundation.
  • Foundation settlement refers to the sinking of the foundation surface caused by the compaction of the foundation soil layer under the action of additional stress. Excessive settlement, especially uneven settlement, can cause the building to tilt and crack so that it cannot be used normally.
  • the existing foundation settlement prediction method is limited by the fact that its assumptions are inconsistent with the actual ones. The settlement prediction results tend to be quite different from the measured settlement values. Therefore, the research on the foundation settlement prediction method needs further development.
  • ground-based displacement tests are mostly carried out by laboratory tests or numerical simulations. They are not representative and cannot verify the correctness of the conclusions.
  • the existing measures for preventing landslides are only to observe the signs or abnormal phenomena before the occurrence of landslides by the naked eye.
  • the method is greatly influenced by subjective factors, the human error is large, and the fine cracks or displacements cannot be observed by the naked eye. Only when the crack extends to a certain length and width will it become visible to the naked eye.
  • one of the objects of the present invention is to provide a resistance-sensitive grid ground settlement test system.
  • the system increases the cross-sectional area according to the wire resistance, and utilizes multiple layers of each other.
  • the vertical geogrid monitors the settlement of the foundation and analyzes the slip surface of the slope. Through the analog stratification sum method, the displacement change of each layer is measured, that is, the final displacement surface of each layer is obtained, and the results of each layer are superimposed to obtain the three-dimensional foundation settlement.
  • the surface which makes the foundation settlement process more observable, helps to further study the settlement process of the foundation.
  • a resistance-sensitive grid foundation settlement test system comprising a measurement element that does not affect the performance parameters of the geogrid after embedding, the measurement element being embedded in the lateral and longitudinal directions of each grid, and the measurement elements being connected in parallel,
  • the measuring element is externally wrapped with an insulating layer, and the insulating layer is connected with the measuring element, the insulating layer and the geogrid by bonding, and the geogrid embedded with the measuring element is placed perpendicularly to each other, and each layer is superimposed in sequence;
  • the deformation of the grid causes deformation of the measuring component, which in turn brings about a change in the resistance of the measuring component.
  • the change in the resistance value causes a change in the measured electrical signal, and the monitoring point collects the data and transmits it to the cloud server, and the cloud server communicates with the remote control center.
  • the measuring component adopts a sensitive grid, and is made of a metal foil grid having a thickness of 0.003 to 0.101 mm or a metal wire.
  • a test method for the settlement of a sensitive grid ground comprising:
  • Each of the grids is laterally and longitudinally embedded with measuring elements that do not affect the performance parameters of the geogrid;
  • the insulating layer is connected to the measuring element, the insulating layer and the geogrid by bonding;
  • the geogrids embedded with the measuring elements are placed perpendicularly to each other, and the layers are superimposed one by one.
  • the foundation settlement is divided into several layers according to the geogrid arrangement in the calculated depth range;
  • the measuring component is segmented according to the geogrid, and the resistance of all the measuring component segments is measured at the same time.
  • the final position after each point settlement is determined according to the measured resistance, thereby forming a foundation settlement surface;
  • Each soil layer will produce a foundation settlement surface, and a plurality of settlement surfaces are superposed to form a three-dimensional foundation settlement.
  • the geogrid is deformed, causing the measuring component to be pulled, the cross-sectional area is reduced, and the resistance value is increased, and the single measuring component cannot determine the position of the tension point, and the two perpendicular to each other
  • the measuring component can determine one of the tension points, and the plurality of mutually perpendicular wires can determine a plurality of tension points, and the final position of each point after settlement is determined according to the magnitude of the displacement in the vertical direction of each point, thereby Form a foundation settlement surface.
  • each measuring component segment is regarded as a resistor, and the metal segments on the same measuring component are connected in series in the circuit, the currents are equal, and the initial resistance is the same, the voltage is the same.
  • the metal segments on the same measuring component are different in tension, and the resistance is different.
  • the voltage of each small segment is separately measured, and the corresponding resistance change rate and displacement change value are obtained, thereby obtaining the entire calculation depth.
  • the displacement of each of the tension points in the interior that is, the foundation settlement surface of each soil layer and the three-dimensional foundation settlement body.
  • the change of the resistance value in the circuit caused by the deformation of the geogrid is converted into a voltage change by the conversion circuit, and the displacement of each tension point is collected in real time, and transmitted to the cloud server remotely through the network, and received by the data transfer module.
  • Data transfer processing is performed, and the remote monitoring center receives the data in the database, performs data processing analysis and graphical interface display, and finally realizes automatic monitoring of the foundation settlement process.
  • the resistance test ground settlement test system proposed in the present invention can increase the visibility of the foundation settlement process and contribute to further research on foundation settlement.
  • the displacement measurement of a large number of tension points can be measured at one time, saving time and effort, eliminating the need to perform many repeated experiments, reducing complicated and cumbersome experimental processes, and providing a large amount of data for scientists at one time.
  • the geogrid embedded in the wire can be used for experimentation, and the whole development process of foundation settlement can be observed in real time, so that the development visibility and controllability of the damage are enhanced, and the real-time displacement change of each soil layer can be obtained, and the data is very comprehensive. , both stratified analysis and longitudinal analysis.
  • the method of embedding the wire into the geogrid has less influence on the functional characteristics of the geogrid, and can reduce the disturbance to the concrete compared with the equipment on the market.
  • the structure is broken and it is relatively easy to operate, and the pipeline operation method can be performed.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a wire embedded in a geogrid
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a schematic diagram of a resistance grid ground displacement test system
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a ground fault displacement test system for a resistive grid.
  • the present application proposes a resistance value sensitive grid foundation settlement test system and method.
  • a resistance value sensitive grid foundation settlement test system is provided, and the resistance value sensitive grid foundation settlement test system is increased according to the reduction of the cross-sectional area of the wire resistance.
  • the principle is that the wire can be embedded in the geogrid.
  • the wire is embedded in the geogrid, and the wire is required to be sensitive to the change of the cross-sectional area, and as fine as possible. It is recommended to use a sensitive grid, and use a metal foil grid with a thickness of 0.003 to 0.101 mm or The metal wire is made to ensure that the performance of the geogrid does not affect the performance parameters such as the strength of the geogrid.
  • Two wires are embedded in the horizontal and vertical directions of each grille, and the outer part of the wire is wrapped with an insulating layer to protect the metal from corrosion by moisture and dust.
  • the insulating layer is bonded to the wire, the insulating layer and the geogrid by an adhesive to ensure that the slight strain of the wire can be accurately transmitted.
  • Figure 2 shows the flow chart of the grounding test of the resistance-sensitive grid foundation.
  • the geogrid is deformed, causing the wire to be pulled, the cross-sectional area is reduced, the resistance value is increased, and the resistance value in the circuit is changed.
  • the conversion circuit to change the voltage the displacement of each tension point is collected in real time, transmitted to the cloud server remotely through the network, and then processed by the data transfer module for data transfer processing, and the remote monitoring center receives the data in the database.
  • Data processing analysis and graphical interface display are carried out to finally realize automatic monitoring of the foundation settlement process.
  • the principle of the resistance dynamic grid ground displacement test system is shown in Figure 3.
  • the geogrid embedded with the wire is placed perpendicular to each other, and the layers are superimposed one after another. According to the layered summation method, the depth is calculated.
  • the foundation settlement is divided into several layers according to the geogrid arrangement, and the compression amount of each layer is observed. Assuming that the geogrid is arranged with n layers, the settlement of the nth layer is the sum of the settlements of the upper layers.
  • the stratified sum method measures the sum of the settlements of all the soil layers in the upper part of a layer, where the compression amount is the settlement amount of each layer, and the expression is different from the settlement amount, and the stratification sum method can be used. After the results were obtained, the settlement amount of each layer was obtained by reverse pushing.
  • the wire is segmented according to the geogrid, and the resistance of all the wire segments is measured at the same time.
  • the geogrid is deformed, causing the wire to be pulled, the cross-sectional area is reduced, the resistance value is increased, and the single wire cannot be determined.
  • one of the tension points can be determined by two wires perpendicular to each other, and a plurality of mutually perpendicular wires can determine a plurality of tension points, and the displacement according to the vertical direction of each point is different.
  • the final position after settlement of each point can be determined to form a foundation settlement surface.
  • Each soil layer will produce a foundation settlement surface, and a plurality of settlement surfaces will be stacked to form a three-dimensional foundation settlement.
  • the resistance change rate and the displacement change value of the corresponding measuring component are obtained, and the settlement amount of the intersection point (tension point) can be obtained according to the lateral and longitudinal displacement variation amount, and the settlement amount is the upper portion.
  • the circuit of the resistance-sensitive grid ground displacement test system is shown in Figure 4.
  • the wire-bonding circuit is connected in parallel, which not only improves the accuracy of the measurement results, but also prevents one of the wires from being damaged and causing the measurement results.
  • Each wire segment is regarded as a resistor, and the metal segments on the same resistance wire are connected in series in the circuit, the currents are equal, and the initial resistance is the same, the voltage is the same.
  • All the wires are connected in parallel, and the voltage changes of the metal segments in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction are compared respectively, and the displacement of each of the tension points of the intersection is comprehensively considered to obtain the settlement surface of each layer.
  • the metal segments on the same wire are different in tension, and the resistance is different.
  • the voltage of each segment is measured separately, and the corresponding resistance change rate and displacement change value are obtained, thereby obtaining the respective calculation depths.
  • the displacement of the pull point is obtained by the foundation settlement surface of each soil layer and the three-dimensional foundation settlement body.
  • a method for testing the grounding of the resistance sensitive grid foundation including:
  • Each of the grids is laterally and longitudinally embedded with measuring elements that do not affect the performance parameters of the geogrid;
  • the insulating layer is connected to the measuring element, the insulating layer and the geogrid by bonding;
  • the geogrids embedded with the measuring elements are placed perpendicularly to each other, and the layers are superimposed one by one.
  • the foundation settlement is divided into several layers according to the geogrid arrangement in the calculated depth range;
  • the measuring component is segmented according to the geogrid, and the resistance of all the measuring component segments is measured at the same time.
  • the final position after each point settlement is determined according to the measured resistance, thereby forming a foundation settlement surface;
  • Each soil layer will produce a foundation settlement surface, and a plurality of settlement surfaces are superposed to form a three-dimensional foundation settlement.
  • the sedimentation test of the present invention laying a multi-layer geogrid, forming a three-dimensional foundation settlement by layering the layers in the vertical direction of the layer, tending to observe the foundation subsidence.
  • the wire is embedded in the geogrid or the canal, and care should be taken to prevent the wire from rusting. Due to the presence of the circuit in the system, the insulating layer should be provided to protect the resistance wire from moisture and other factors. At the same time, the adhesive is used to bond the wire, the insulating layer and the foundation together to ensure that the slight strain of the foundation can also be reflected into the system through the wire to ensure the accuracy of the parameters.
  • the invention adopts the wire detection and is simple and easy, and the innovation is that the wire is applied to the measurement of the deformation, and the wire is embedded in the geogrid to measure the settlement of the foundation, and the method can be pipelined and is convenient for large-scale use. , mainly in the improvement of the production process.

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Abstract

一种阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，包括嵌入后不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件，测量元件嵌入在每个土工格栅横向和纵向上，且测量元件之间为并联连接，测量元件外部包裹有绝缘层，绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接，嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，每层按顺序叠加；格栅受力变形引起测量元件的变形，继而带来测量元件阻值变化，阻值的变化引起测量电信号变化，监测点收集数据传输至云服务器，云服务器与远程控制中心通信。还公开了一种阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法。

Description

阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及土木工程技术领域，特别是涉及阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统及方法。
背景技术
近年来山体滑坡灾害频发，严重地威胁到了人们的生命财产安全，同时会影响附近道路交通的正常通行。土木工程中多用土工格栅做防护网，以稳定边坡。地基沉降是指地基土层在附加应力作用下压密而引起的地基表面下沉。过大的沉降，特别是不均匀沉降，会使建筑物发生倾斜、开裂以致不能正常使用。现有地基沉降预测方法受其假设条件与实际存在较大不符的限制，所得沉降预测结果往往与实测沉降值之间存在较大差异，因此对地基沉降预测方法的研究有待进一步的发展。
目前地基位移测试多采用室内试验或者数值模拟来进行，不具有代表性，无法验证结论的正确性，而现有的预防滑坡的措施仅是通过肉眼观测滑坡发生前的征兆或异常现象，判断的方式受主观因素影响大，人为误差较大，且细微裂缝或位移肉眼无法观测，只有当裂缝延伸到一定长度和宽度后，才会变得肉眼可观。
综上所述，现有技术中对于地基沉降的可视化测试问题，尚缺乏有效的解决方案。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的不足，本发明的目的之一是提供了阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统该系统根据金属丝电阻大小随着横截面积的减小而增加的原理，利用多层互相垂直的土工格栅监测地基沉降和分析边坡滑裂面，通过类比分层总和法，测量每一层的位移变化情况，即得各层最终位移曲面，叠加各层结果，可得三维地基沉降面，从而使得地基沉降过程可观性增强，有助于进一步研究地基的沉降过程。
阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，包括嵌入后不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件，所述测量元件嵌入在每个格栅横向和纵向上，且测量元件之间为并联连接，所述测量元件外部包裹有绝缘层，所述绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接，嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，每层按顺序叠加；
所述格栅受力变形引起测量元件的变形，继而带来测量元件阻值变化，阻值的变化引起测量电信号变化，监测点收集数据传输至云服务器，云服务器与远程控制中心通信。
进一步的，所述测量元件采用敏感栅，用厚度为0.003～0.101mm的金属箔栅状或用金属线制作。
阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，包括：
每个格栅横向和纵向均嵌入不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件；
绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接；
将嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，一层一层按顺序叠加，根据分层总和法，在计算深度范围内，将地基沉降按土工格栅布置方式划分为若干层；
将测量元件依照土工格栅分段，同时测量所有测量元件小段的电阻，地基沉降时，根据测量的电阻确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面；
每个土层都会产生一个地基沉降面，多个沉降面叠加在一起形成一个三维的地基沉降体。
进一步的，所述地基沉降面在形成时，土工格栅变形，导致测量元件受拉，横截面积减小，电阻值变大，单条测量元件无法确定受拉点位置，通过互相垂直的两根测量元件可确定其中一个受拉点，则多根互相垂直的金属丝可确定多个受拉点，根据每个点竖直方向上的位移大小不同，确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面。
进一步的，所述测量元件分段后，将每个测量元件小段视为一个电阻，同一根测量元件上的金属段串联在电路中，其电流均相等，初始电阻均相同，则电压相同。
进一步的，当地基发生沉降后，同一测量元件上的金属小段受拉情况不同，则电阻不同，分别测每个小段的电压，可得到相应的电阻变化率以及位移变化值，从而得到整个计算深度内各个受拉点的位移，即得各个土层的地基沉降面和三维的地基沉降体。
进一步的，将土工格栅变形引起的电路中电阻值的变化，通过转换电路转换为电压的变化，实时采集各个受拉点的位移，经过网络远程传输到云服务器，通过数据转存模块接收后进行数据转存处理，远程监控中心将数据库中数据接收回来，进行数据处理分析和图形界面显示，最终实现地基沉降过程的自动化监测。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
一、现有地基沉降预测方法受其假设条件与实际存在较大不符的限制，所得沉降预测结果往往与实测沉降值之间存在较大差异，因此对地基沉降预测方法的研究有待进一步的发展。而本发明中提出的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统可增加地基沉降过程的可视性，有助于地基沉降的进一步研究。
二、一次性测得大量受拉点的位移变化，省时省力，不需要进行很多次重复实验，减少复杂繁琐的实验过程，且一次性为科学工作者提供大量的数据。
三、可利用嵌入金属丝的土工格栅进行试验，实时观测地基沉降的整个发展过程，使得破坏的发展可视性和可控性增强，可得到每个土层实时的位移变化，数据非常全面，既可进 行分层分析，也可进行纵向分析。
四、仅通过肉眼观测滑坡发生前所表现出的异常现象，判断的结果受主观因素影响很大，而通过仪器设备监测，数据可靠精准，且能观测到肉眼观测不到的破坏，可在地基沉陷的初级阶段，及时采取相应的措施，减少工程维护的经费。
五、相比于电阻应变式位移传感器，采用将金属丝嵌入土工格栅的方法，对土工格栅功能特性的影响较小，与市面上的设备相比，可减少对混凝土的扰动，不会破坏结构，且比较容易操作，可进行流水线操作方法。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为将金属丝嵌入土工格栅的示意图；
图2为阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统流程图；
图3阻值机敏格栅地基位移测试系统原理示意图；
图4阻值机敏格栅地基位移测试系统电路示意图。
具体实施方式
应该指出，以下详细说明都是例示性的，旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
正如背景技术所介绍的，现有技术中存在地基沉降的可视化测试不足，为了解决如上的技术问题，本申请提出了阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统及方法。
本申请的一种典型的实施方式中，提供了阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，该阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，根据金属丝电阻大小随着横截面积的减小而增加的原理，可将金属丝嵌在土工格栅中。
如图1所示，金属丝嵌入土工格栅，要求金属丝对横截面积的变化反应灵敏，并且尽可能细一些，建议采用敏感栅，用厚度为0.003～0.101mm的金属箔栅状或用金属线制作，以保证金属丝嵌入后不影响土工格栅的强度等性能参数。每个格栅横向和纵向均嵌入两根金属丝， 金属丝外部用绝缘层包裹住，起保护作用，防止水分、尘土等对其腐蚀。
用粘结剂将绝缘层与金属丝、绝缘层与土工格栅相粘结，以保证金属丝的微小应变也能够准确的传递。
如图2所示为阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统流程，地基沉降时，土工格栅变形，导致金属丝受拉，横截面积减小，电阻值变大，将电路中电阻值的变化，通过转换电路转换为电压的变化，实时采集各个受拉点的位移，经过网络远程传输到云服务器，通过数据转存模块接收后进行数据转存处理，远程监控中心将数据库中数据接收回来，进行数据处理分析和图形界面显示，最终实现地基沉降过程的自动化监测。
在测试时，阻值机敏格栅地基位移测试系统原理如图3所示，将嵌有金属丝的土工格栅互相垂直放置，一层一层按顺序叠加，根据分层总和法，在计算深度范围内，将地基沉降按土工格栅布置方式划分为若干层，观测各分层的压缩量，假设土工格栅共布置n层，则第n层沉降量为上部各层沉降量之和。
分层总和法测得的是某一层上部所有土层的沉降量之和，此处压缩量是为每一分层的沉降量，该表述是为区别于沉降量，可在分层总和法求得结果之后，用倒推方式求得每一分层的沉降量。
将金属丝依照土工格栅分段，同时测量所有金属丝小段的电阻，地基沉降时，土工格栅变形，导致金属丝受拉，横截面积减小，电阻值变大，单条金属丝无法确定受拉点位置，通过互相垂直的两根金属丝可确定其中一个受拉点，则多根互相垂直的金属丝可确定多个受拉点，根据每个点竖直方向上的位移大小不同，可确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面。每个土层都会产生一个地基沉降面，多个沉降面叠加在一起就会形成一个三维的地基沉降体。
根据各分层所在的电路中的电压变化，得到相应测量元件的电阻变化率和位移变化值，依据横向和纵向的位移变化量可得交叉点(受拉点)沉降量，此沉降量为上部各层沉降量之和，即该受拉点的位移，从而得出该受拉点沉降后的最终位置。
阻值机敏格栅地基位移测试系统电路如图4所示，金属丝联结电路的方式为并联，既可提高测量结果的准确性，也可防止其中一根金属丝损坏而故障时，影响测量结果。将每个金属丝小段视为一个电阻，同一根电阻丝上的金属段串联在电路中，其电流均相等，初始电阻均相同，则电压相同。
所有的金属丝均并联，分别比较横向和纵向各金属小段的电压变化，综合考虑交叉的各受拉点的位移，即可得每层的地基沉降面。
当地基发生沉降后，同一金属丝上的金属小段受拉情况不同，则电阻不同，分别测每个小段的电压，可得到相应的电阻变化率以及位移变化值，从而得到整个计算深度内各个受拉点的位移，即得各个土层的地基沉降面和三维的地基沉降体。
本发明的领域实施例子中，还公开了阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，包括：
每个格栅横向和纵向均嵌入不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件；
绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接；
将嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，一层一层按顺序叠加，根据分层总和法，在计算深度范围内，将地基沉降按土工格栅布置方式划分为若干层；
将测量元件依照土工格栅分段，同时测量所有测量元件小段的电阻，地基沉降时，根据测量的电阻确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面；
每个土层都会产生一个地基沉降面，多个沉降面叠加在一起形成一个三维的地基沉降体。
本发明的沉降测试：铺设多层土工格栅，通过层与层在竖直方向上的地基沉降，形成三维的地基沉降体，倾向于观测地基沉陷。
本发明在具体实施时，将金属丝嵌入土工格栅或水渠中，都应注意防止金属丝生锈，由于系统中存在电路，应注意设置绝缘层，保护电阻丝不受水分等因素的影响。同时应用粘结剂将金属丝、绝缘层以及地基粘结在一起，确保地基的微小应变也能通过金属丝反映到系统中，保证参数的准确性。
本发明采用金属丝检测简单易行，其创新性在于将金属丝应用到变形的测量中，通过将金属丝嵌入土工格栅应用到地基沉降的测量，此方法可进行流水线操作，便于大规模使用，主要在制作工艺上进行改进。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，其特征是，包括嵌入后不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件，所述测量元件嵌入在每个格栅横向和纵向上，且测量元件之间为并联连接，所述测量元件外部包裹有绝缘层，所述绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接，嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，每层按顺序叠加；
    所述格栅受力变形引起测量元件的变形，继而带来测量元件阻值变化，阻值的变化引起测量电信号变化，监测点收集数据传输至云服务器，云服务器与远程控制中心通信。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试系统，其特征是，所述测量元件采用敏感栅，用厚度为0.003～0.101mm的金属箔栅状或用金属线制作。
  3. 阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，其特征是，包括：
    每个格栅横向和纵向均嵌入不影响土工格栅性能参数的测量元件；
    绝缘层与测量元件、绝缘层与土工格栅之间通过粘结的方式连接；
    将嵌有测量元件的土工格栅互相垂直放置，一层一层按顺序叠加，根据分层总和法，在计算深度范围内，将地基沉降按土工格栅布置方式划分为若干层；
    将测量元件依照土工格栅分段，同时测量所有测量元件小段的电阻，地基沉降时，根据测量的电阻确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面；
    每个土层都会产生一个地基沉降面，多个沉降面叠加在一起形成一个三维的地基沉降体。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，其特征是，所述地基沉降面在形成时，土工格栅变形，导致测量元件受拉，横截面积减小，电阻值变大，单条测量元件无法确定受拉点位置，通过互相垂直的两根测量元件可确定其中一个受拉点，则多根互相垂直的金属丝可确定多个受拉点，根据每个点竖直方向上的位移大小不同，确定每个点沉降后的最终位置，从而形成一个地基沉降面。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，其特征是，所述测量元件分段后，将每个测量元件小段视为一个电阻，同一根测量元件上的金属段串联在电路中，其电流均相等，初始电阻均相同，则电压相同。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，其特征是，当地基发生沉降后，同一测量元件上的金属小段受拉情况不同，则电阻不同，分别测每个小段的电压，可得到相应的电阻变化率以及位移变化值，从而得到整个计算深度内各个受拉点的位移，即得各个土层的地基沉降面和三维的地基沉降体。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的阻值机敏格栅地基沉降测试方法，其特征是，将土工格栅变形引起的电路中电阻值的变化，通过转换电路转换为电压的变化，实时采集各个受拉点的位移， 经过网络远程传输到云服务器，通过数据转存模块接收后进行数据转存处理，远程监控中心将数据库中数据接收回来，进行数据处理分析和图形界面显示，最终实现地基沉降过程的自动化监测。
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