WO2019119898A1 - 一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法 - Google Patents

一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019119898A1
WO2019119898A1 PCT/CN2018/105353 CN2018105353W WO2019119898A1 WO 2019119898 A1 WO2019119898 A1 WO 2019119898A1 CN 2018105353 W CN2018105353 W CN 2018105353W WO 2019119898 A1 WO2019119898 A1 WO 2019119898A1
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Prior art keywords
steel strand
test piece
block
hydraulic
tested
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PCT/CN2018/105353
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张农
谢正正
周俊瑶
项哲
李新跃
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to CA3058031A priority Critical patent/CA3058031C/en
Priority to AU2018388915A priority patent/AU2018388915B2/en
Priority to US16/607,351 priority patent/US11162882B2/en
Publication of WO2019119898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019119898A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
    • B21C1/02—Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/04—Chucks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
    • G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
    • G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
    • G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G01N2203/0411—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G01N2203/0423—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steel wire drawing test device and a using method for integrally clamping, and is particularly suitable for use in testing mechanical properties of steel strands.
  • steel strand materials such as anchor cables play a key role in achieving safe and efficient mining.
  • all aspects of the mechanical properties of the material need to be tested.
  • the existing steel strand drawing detecting device can not integrally clamp the steel strand, so that during the steel strand drawing test, the steel strand is unevenly stressed due to the single direction or the two sides clamping. There will be a splitting phenomenon. When the anchor cable is cracked, the drawing will be carried out, which will cause the cracking of the larger area of the anchor cable, destroying the integrity of the steel strand, which will cause a large error in the test results, and thus cannot guide the field practice. . In addition, during the test, the protection device only uses FRP, which is less protective to the instrument itself. Therefore, it is very likely that the test piece will have a large damage to the experimental device due to the single strand break of the steel strand.
  • the present invention provides a steel strand drawing test device and a using method which are simple in structure, convenient to use, and have good detection effect.
  • the integrally clamped steel strand drawing test device of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a rectangular base and a rectangular top seat, and a hydraulic expansion mechanism is provided between the base and the top seat, and the hydraulic expansion mechanism is provided.
  • the whole holding mechanism is provided, and the whole holding mechanism is provided with the tested steel strand test piece, and the tested steel strand test piece is provided with a plurality of restraining protection devices, and the hydraulic stretching mechanism is provided with a safety protection door;
  • the hydraulic expansion mechanism includes four hydraulic cylinders connected to the four corners of the base and the top seat;
  • the holding mechanism comprises two upper and lower opposite block clamping devices, which are respectively arranged on the piston rods above and below the piston rods above the four hydraulic cylinders;
  • the restraint protection device comprises a plurality of sets of support baffles, each set of support baffles comprises two support baffles arranged in a cross, and an elastic rubber part is arranged in the middle of the support baffle, and the support baffles are respectively provided with fixed threads and sliding
  • the retaining wheel set, the fixed thread of the two supporting baffles and the sliding blocking wheel set are respectively arranged diagonally on the four hydraulic cylinders, thereby forming an "X" type connection, wherein the fixing thread of the supporting baffle and the hydraulic column of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder
  • the fixed connection ensures that the support baffle is effectively retracted, and the sliding baffle set of the support baffle is slidably connected with the sliding slot embedded in the hydraulic column of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder, and the sliding protection device is retracted by the sliding of the sliding baffle set.
  • An elastic rubber portion is arranged in the middle of the support baffle, and the tested steel strand test piece is disposed in the elastic rubber portion, and the elastic rubber portion prevents the steel strand of the tested steel strand test piece from colliding with the support baffle when the steel strand is broken. Secondary damage.
  • the block clamping device comprises four hexahedral blocks for holding the tested steel strand test piece, the four hexahedrons are combined into a square body, and a circular aperture is formed in the middle for fixing the tested steel strand test piece.
  • the hexahedral block body comprises a front end block-shaped clamping body and an end block-shaped clamping body, and a hydraulic jack is arranged inside the front end block-shaped clamping body, and is connected with the end block-shaped clamping body by an internal hydraulic jack, and the hydraulic jack extends During the long process, the front block-shaped clamping body moves the front block-shaped clamping body along the oblique front surface of the front end block-shaped clamping body in the horizontal position, and the tested steel strand test piece is clamped.
  • the end block-shaped clamping body can be moved along the inclined surface of the front end block-shaped clamping body, and the aperture is relaxed to release the tested steel strand test piece;
  • the front end block-shaped clamping body is a heptagonal structure.
  • the end block-shaped clamping body has a pentahedral structure, and the inner surface of the end block-shaped clamping body is provided with a quarter-arc surface, and the arc-shaped surface is provided with a friction rubber gasket, and the ends of the other three clamping bodies Cooperating to form a circular aperture to realize clamping of the steel strand;
  • the friction rubber gasket of the end block-shaped clamping body is provided with an sensing device for collecting the change of the pulling force data of the anchor cable;
  • the hole diameter of the clamping portion of the block body is 20-100 mm, and the running stroke of the block clamping portion is 0-2 m.
  • the binding protection device has a hole diameter of 35 to 110 mm, and the elastic rubber material has a thickness of 8 to 12 mm.
  • a method for integrally drawing a steel strand drawing test the steps of which are as follows:
  • the device has simple structure, simple and convenient operation, and strong promotion and applicability.
  • the steel strand's own performance is fully utilized, the integrity of the stranded test piece is maintained, and the parameter variation of the mechanical properties of the stranded test piece can be accurately recorded.
  • a plurality of safety restraining devices are used, and the function of the safety binding device is to effectively prevent the steel strand from being elastically jumped due to the breakage of the single strand material during the drawing process, and the instrument is And personnel are at risk.
  • the effect of the experiment is not affected, and the hedging effect should be achieved.
  • the present invention uses a telescopic swing arm type restraining ring and is fixed on the left and right vertical columns.
  • the method fully guarantees the integrity of the anchor cable in the drawing experiment of the steel strand, and effectively avoids the occurrence of the phenomenon that jeopardizes the experimental equipment and the experimental personnel, and has a positive effect on detecting various data indexes of the steel strand.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of an anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the anchor cable pulling device of the whole clamping, taken at A-A;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the anchor cable pulling device of the overall clamping B-B;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the block clamping portion C-C of the anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the hydraulic hole in the front end of the block-shaped clamping body of the integrally clamped cable pulling device and the sliding device of the hydraulic device;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the hexahedral structure of the block-shaped clamping body of the anchor cable pulling device
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the front end structure of the block-shaped clamping body portion of the integrally clamped cable pulling device
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the end structure of the block-shaped clamping body portion of the integrally clamped cable pulling device
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of the anchoring device of the anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped
  • Figure 10 is a partial schematic view of the hydraulic device of the anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the internal hydraulic cylinder of the overall clamping cable pulling device
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view showing the end structure D-D of the clamping portion of the block of the anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view of the tempered glass safety door of the anchor cable pulling device integrally clamped.
  • an integrally clamped steel strand drawing test device of the present invention comprises a rectangular base 13 and a rectangular top seat 14 with hydraulic expansion and contraction between the base 13 and the top seat 14.
  • the mechanism and the hydraulic telescopic mechanism are provided with an integral holding mechanism.
  • the whole holding mechanism is provided with the tested steel strand test piece 4, and the tested steel strand test piece 4 is provided with a plurality of restraining protection devices 2, as shown in FIG. a safety protection door 16 is disposed outside the hydraulic expansion mechanism;
  • the hydraulic expansion mechanism includes four hydraulic cylinders 1 connected to the four corners of the base 13 and the top seat 14;
  • the holding mechanism comprises two upper and lower opposite block clamping devices 3, which are respectively arranged on the piston rods above and below the piston rods above the four hydraulic cylinders 1;
  • the aperture protection device 2 has a hole diameter of 35 to 110 mm, and the elastic rubber material has a thickness of 8 to 12 mm.
  • the restraint protection device 2 includes a plurality of sets of support baffles 6, Each set of supporting baffles 6 includes two supporting baffles 6 disposed at intersections. The middle of the supporting baffles 6 is provided with an elastic rubber portion 7 respectively.
  • the supporting baffles 6 are respectively provided with fixing threads 5 and sliding baffle sets 8 respectively.
  • the fixing thread 5 and the sliding wheel set 8 supporting only the baffle 6 are respectively disposed diagonally on the four hydraulic cylinders 1, thereby forming an "X" type connection in which the fixing thread 5 of the supporting baffle 6 and the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 1 are
  • the hydraulic column is fixedly connected to ensure that the supporting baffle 6 is effectively retracted.
  • the sliding baffle set 8 of the supporting baffle 6 is slidably connected with the sliding groove 18 embedded in the hydraulic column of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 1, and is passed through the sliding block.
  • the sliding of the wheel set 8 realizes the retracting action of the restraint protection device 2, and the elastic baffle portion 7 is disposed in the middle of the support baffle 6, and the steel strand test piece 4 to be tested is disposed in the elastic rubber portion 7, and the elastic rubber portion 7 is prevented When the steel strand of the tested steel strand test piece 4 breaks, it occurs with the support baffle 6 Secondary collision damage.
  • the block holding device 3 includes four hexahedron blocks 12 for holding the steel strand test piece 4 to be tested, and the hole of the block holding portion 3 has a hole diameter of 20 to 100 mm, and the block holding portion 3
  • the running stroke is 0 to 2 m, and the four hexahedrons 12 are combined into a square body, and a circular aperture is formed in the middle to fix the steel strand test piece 4 to be tested.
  • the hexahedron block 12 includes a front end block-shaped holding body 9 and an end block-shaped holding body 10, and a hydraulic jack 11 is provided inside the front end block-shaped holding body 9 and passed through the inside.
  • the hydraulic jack 11 is connected to the end block-shaped clamping body 10, and during the elongation of the hydraulic jack 11, the front block-shaped clamping body 9 has the end block-shaped clamping body 10 along the front end block shape without changing the horizontal position.
  • the inclined surface of the clamping body 9 is moved forwardly and upwardly, and the steel strand test piece 4 to be tested is clamped tightly, and the end block-shaped clamping body 10 can also be moved along the inclined surface of the front end block-shaped clamping body 9 , the aperture is relaxed, and the tested steel strand test piece 4 is released; as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • the front end block-shaped clamping body 9 is a hedahedral structure
  • the end block-shaped clamping body 10 is In the pentahedron structure
  • the inner surface of the end block-shaped clamping body 10 is provided with a quarter-arc surface
  • a friction rubber gasket 15 is arranged on the arc surface, which forms a circular aperture together with the ends of the other three clamping bodies.
  • the clamping of the steel strand; the friction rubber gasket 15 of the end block-shaped clamping body 10 is provided with an inductive device 17 for pulling the anchor cable Change in force data;
  • a method for detecting a steel strand drawing test device is as follows:
  • the height of the block holding portion 3 is adjusted, so that the height of the block holding device 3 is adapted to the height of the tested steel strand test piece 4, so that the measured The steel strand test piece 4 is naturally straightened;
  • the upper and lower block clamping devices are adjusted to uniformly tighten the two ends of the anchor cable test piece 4, and simultaneously start
  • the four hydraulic cylinders 1 are raised, and the upper block clamping mechanism 3 disposed on the piston rod is lifted upwardly at a uniform speed, and the lower block clamping mechanism 3 fixed on the piston cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is not moved, thereby facing the steel strand.
  • the test piece 4 is drawn.
  • the corresponding restraint protection device 2 is also moved by the sliding stop wheel set 8 while passing through the friction rubber gasket provided at the end 10 of the block-shaped holder body. 15
  • the internal induction device 17 records the change of the mechanical properties of the steel strand test piece 4.
  • the restraint protection device 2 effectively prevents the steel strand test from being tested. The safety hazard that occurs when the piece 4 is broken.

Abstract

一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法，适用于钢绞线力学性能测试时使用。它包括矩形的底座(13)和矩形的顶座(14)，底座(13)和顶座(14)之间设有液压伸缩机构，液压伸缩机构上设有整体加持机构，整体加持机构中设有被测钢绞线试件(4)，被测钢绞线试件(4)上设有多个束缚保护装置(2)，液压伸缩机构外部设有安全防护门(16)。在钢绞线拉拔测试的过程中，充分发挥钢绞线的自身性能，保持钢绞线试件(4)的整体性，能够准确反映钢绞线在受拉拔条件下的各项力学性质，同时避免了测试中钢绞线因单股或多股破断对仪器设备的损伤和操作人员的伤害，操作方法简单方便，实用性强，具有较强的推广应用价值。

Description

一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法，尤其适用于钢绞线力学性能测试时使用。
技术背景
在井巷工程中，为实现安全高效开采，锚索等钢绞线材料扮演着关键的角色。在使用钢绞线之前，需对该材料的力学性质进行全方面的检测。
现有的钢绞线拉拔检测装置，不能对钢绞线进行整体夹持，从而当钢绞线拉拔测试过程中，由于单方向或两侧夹持，使钢绞线整体受力不均，会出现劈裂现象。当锚索出现劈裂现象后，再实施拉拔，将会造成锚索更大区域的劈裂，破坏了钢绞线的整体性，会使测试结果产生很大的误差，进而无法指导现场实践。另外，在试验过程中，保护装置仅仅使用玻璃钢，对仪器本身的保护性较差，因此试验过程中极有可能因钢绞线的单股断裂，而对实验装置产生较大的损伤。
现代化矿井逐步走向大型化、机械化，以及现在快速掘进的采煤方法，都要求对锚索等钢绞线使用更加频繁，但是目前尚缺少一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种结构简单，使用方便，检测效果好的整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置及使用方法。
针对上述技术目的，本发明的整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：包括矩形的底座和矩形的顶座，底座和顶座之间设有液压伸缩机构，液压伸缩机构上设有整体加持机构，整体加持机构中设有被测钢绞线试件，被测钢绞线试件上设有多个束缚保护装置，液压伸缩机构外部设有安全防护门；
所述液压伸缩机构包括与底座和顶座的四角相互连接的四根液压缸；
所述加持机构包括上下两个相对设置的块体夹持装置，分别设置在四根液压缸上方活塞杆上和下方的活塞缸上；
所述束缚保护装置包括多组支撑挡板，每组支撑挡板包括交叉设置的两个支撑挡板，支撑挡板的中间设有弹性橡胶部分，支撑挡板两端分别设有固定螺纹和滑动挡轮组，两只支撑挡板的固定螺纹和滑动挡轮组分别对角设置在四根液压缸上，从而形成“X”型连接，其中支撑挡板的固定螺纹与对应液压缸的液压立柱固定连接，保证支撑挡板有效收放，支撑挡板的 滑动挡轮组与对应液压缸的液压立柱嵌入的滑动顺槽滑动连接，通过滑动挡轮组的滑动实现束缚保护装置的收放作用，支撑挡板中间设有弹性橡胶部分，被测钢绞线试件设置在弹性橡胶部分中，所述弹性橡胶部分防止被测钢绞线试件的钢绞线断裂时与支撑挡板发生碰撞产生二次损伤。
所述的块体夹持装置包括用于加持被测钢绞线试件的四块六面体块体，四块六面体组合成为正方体，中间形成圆形孔径用以固定被测钢绞线试件。
所述六面体块体包括前端块状夹持体和末端块状夹持体，前端块状夹持体内部设有液压千斤顶，并通过内部液压千斤顶与末端块状夹持体相连接，液压千斤顶伸长过程中，前端块状夹持体在水平位置不变的情况下使末端块状夹持体沿着前端块状夹持体的斜面向前上方运动，将被测钢绞线试件夹持紧，同时也可以使末端块状夹持体沿着前端块状夹持体的斜面向后下方运动，将孔径松弛，释放被测钢绞线试件；前端块状夹持体为七面体结构，末端块状夹持体为五面体结构，末端块状夹持体的内面设有四分之一圆弧面，圆弧面上设有摩擦橡胶垫片，与其他三个夹持体的末端共同组成圆孔径，实现钢绞线的夹持；所述末端块状夹持体的摩擦橡胶垫片上设有感应装置，采集锚索的拉拔力数据的变化；
所述台块体夹持部分圆孔的孔径为20～100mm，块体夹持部分运行行程为0～2m。
所述束缚保护装置的孔径设计为35～110mm，弹性橡胶材料的厚度为8～12mm。
一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试方法，其步骤如下：
a.依据被测钢绞线试件的长度，调整块体夹持部分的高度，使块体夹持装置的高度与被测钢绞线试件的高度相适应，使被测钢绞线试件自然伸直；
b.打开束缚保护装置，调整至被测锚索试件穿过束缚保护装置，再将螺纹端使用配套螺钉与相应液压立柱的液压缸匹配固定，稳固束缚保护装置部分。
c.将被测钢绞线试件，依次穿过多处束缚保护装置中的弹性橡胶部分后，调整上下块体夹持装置将锚索试件两端均匀紧固，同时启动四根液压缸上升，带动设置在活塞杆上的上方块体夹持机构整体向上匀速抬升，固定在液压缸活塞缸上的下方块体夹持机构不动，从而对钢绞线试件进行拉拔，此过程中随着液压缸液压杆上升，相应的束缚保护装置也通过滑动挡轮组移动，同时通过设置在块状夹持体末端的摩擦橡胶垫片内部的感应装置，记录钢绞线试件力学性质的参数变化，当被测钢绞线试件承受不住拉力发生断裂时，束缚保护装置有效防止因被测钢绞线试件断裂而发生的安全隐患。
d.依次降下块体夹持部分，打开块体夹持部分，随即取出钢绞线试件，然后松开螺纹部 分，放下束缚保护装置取出被测锚索试件，完成测试。
有益效果：
(1)提高了钢绞线拉拔实验的整体效果，使钢绞线试件的整体性得到发挥，解决了钢绞线因劈裂现象的发生而无法检测钢绞线整体性能的问题。
(2)减小了测试中因钢绞线发生单股或多股破断对设备仪器的损伤，对实验人员的安全提供了防护措施。
(3)简化了测试过程，无需人工进行钢绞线的紧固工作，节省检测时间和检测过程。
(4)设备结构简单，操作简单方便，有较强的推广性和适用性。
在钢绞线拉拔试验的过程中，充分发挥钢绞线的自身性能，保持钢绞线试件的整体性，能够准确记录钢绞线试件力学性质的参数变化。此外，在钢绞线的拉拔实验过程中，使用多处安全束缚装置，安全束缚装置的功能在于能够有效避免钢绞线在拉拔过程中，因单股材料断裂发生弹性跳动，而对仪器及人员产生危险。为了做到安全束缚装置既不影响实验效果，又可以达到其应有的避险效果，本发明使用伸缩摆臂式束缚圈，固定于左右立柱上。本方法在钢绞线的拉拔实验中，充分保证锚索的整体性，并有效避免危及实验设备及实验人员的现象发生，对检测钢绞线的各项数据指标具有积极作用。
附图说明
图1是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置整体结构示意图；
图2是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置整体结构示A-A处示意图；
图3是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置整体结构B-B处示意图；
图4是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块体夹持部分C-C处剖面图；
图5是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块状夹持体前端内液压孔与液压装置滑动顺槽结构示意图；
图6是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块状夹持体部分六面体结构示意图；
图7是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块状夹持体部分前端结构示意图；
图8是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块状夹持体部分末端结构示意图；
图9是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置束缚保护装置结构示意图；
图10是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置液压装置部分示意图；
图11是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置内部液压缸示意图；
图12是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置块体夹持部分末端结构D-D剖面图；
图13是整体夹持的锚索拉拔装置钢化玻璃安全门示意图。
图中：1-液压缸；2-安全束缚装置；3-块体夹持机构；4-被测锚索试件；5-螺纹部分；6-支撑挡板；7-弹性橡胶部分；8-滑动挡轮。9-前端块状夹持体，10-末端块状夹持体，11-液压千斤顶部分，12-六面体块体，13-底座，14-顶座，15-摩擦橡胶垫片，16-安全防护门，17-感应装置，18-滑动顺槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的一个实施例作进一步的描述：
如图1和图2所示，本发明的一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，包括矩形的底座13和矩形的顶座14，底座13和顶座14之间设有液压伸缩机构，液压伸缩机构上设有整体加持机构，整体加持机构中设有被测钢绞线试件4，被测钢绞线试件4上设有多个束缚保护装置2，如图13所示，液压伸缩机构外部设有安全防护门16；
所述液压伸缩机构包括与底座13和顶座14的四角相互连接的四根液压缸1；
所述加持机构包括上下两个相对设置的块体夹持装置3，分别设置在四根液压缸1上方活塞杆上和下方的活塞缸上；
如图3所示，所述束缚保护装置2的孔径设计为35～110mm，弹性橡胶材料的厚度为8～12mm，如图9所示，所述束缚保护装置2包括多组支撑挡板6，每组支撑挡板6包括交叉设置的两个支撑挡板6，支撑挡板6的中间设有弹性橡胶部分7，支撑挡板6两端分别设有固定螺纹5和滑动挡轮组8，两只支撑挡板6的固定螺纹5和滑动挡轮组8分别对角设置在四根液压缸1上，从而形成“X”型连接，其中支撑挡板6的固定螺纹5与对应液压缸1的液压立柱固定连接，保证支撑挡板6有效收放，如图5所示，支撑挡板6的滑动挡轮组8与对应液压缸1的液压立柱嵌入的滑动顺槽18滑动连接，通过滑动挡轮组8的滑动实现束缚保护装置2的收放作用，支撑挡板6中间设有弹性橡胶部分7，被测钢绞线试件4设置在弹性橡胶部分7中，所述弹性橡胶部分7防止被测钢绞线试件4的钢绞线断裂时与支撑挡板6发生碰撞产生二次损伤。
块体夹持装置3包括用于加持被测钢绞线试件4的四块六面体块体12，所述台块体夹持部分3圆孔的孔径为20～100mm，块体夹持部分3运行行程为0～2m，四块六面体12组合成为正方体，中间形成圆形孔径用以固定被测钢绞线试件4。如图10、图11和图12所示，六面体块体12包括前端块状夹持体9和末端块状夹持体10，前端块状夹持体9内部设有液压千斤顶11，并通过内部液压千斤顶11与末端块状夹持体10相连接，液压千斤顶11伸长 过程中，前端块状夹持体9在水平位置不变的情况下使末端块状夹持体10沿着前端块状夹持体9的斜面向前上方运动，将被测钢绞线试件4夹持紧，同时也可以使末端块状夹持体10沿着前端块状夹持体9的斜面向后下方运动，将孔径松弛，释放被测钢绞线试件4；如图4、图6、图7和图8所示，前端块状夹持体9为七面体结构，末端块状夹持体10为五面体结构，末端块状夹持体10的内面设有四分之一圆弧面，圆弧面上设有摩擦橡胶垫片15，与其他三个夹持体的末端共同组成圆孔径，实现钢绞线的夹持；所述末端块状夹持体10的摩擦橡胶垫片15上设有感应装置17，采集锚索的拉拔力数据的变化；
一种钢绞线拉拔测试装置的检测方法，步骤如下：
a.依据被测钢绞线试件4的长度，调整块体夹持部分3的高度，使块体夹持装置3的高度与被测钢绞线试件4的高度相适应，使被测钢绞线试件4自然伸直；
b.打开束缚保护装置2，调整至被测锚索试件4穿过束缚保护装置2，再将螺纹端使用配套螺钉与相应液压立柱的液压缸1匹配固定，稳固束缚保护装置2。
c.将被测钢绞线试件4，依次穿过多处束缚保护装置2中的弹性橡胶部分7后，调整上下块体夹持装置将锚索试件4两端均匀紧固，同时启动四根液压缸1上升，带动设置在活塞杆上的上方块体夹持机构3整体向上匀速抬升，固定在液压缸1活塞缸上的下方块体夹持机构3不动，从而对钢绞线试件4进行拉拔，此过程中随着液压缸1液压杆上升，相应的束缚保护装置2也通过滑动挡轮组8移动，同时通过设置在块状夹持体末端10的摩擦橡胶垫片15内部的感应装置17，记录钢绞线试件4力学性质的参数变化，当被测钢绞线试件4承受不住拉力发生断裂时，束缚保护装置2有效防止因被测钢绞线试件4断裂而发生的安全隐患。
d.依次降下块体夹持部分3，打开块体夹持部分3，随即取出钢绞线试件，然后松开螺纹部分5，放下束缚保护装置2取出被测锚索试件4，完成测试。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：包括矩形的底座(13)和矩形的顶座(14)，底座(13)和顶座(14)之间设有液压伸缩机构，液压伸缩机构上设有整体加持机构，整体加持机构中设有被测钢绞线试件(4)，被测钢绞线试件(4)上设有多个束缚保护装置(2)，液压伸缩机构外部设有安全防护门(16)；
    所述液压伸缩机构包括与底座(13)和顶座(14)的四角相互连接的四根液压缸(1)；
    所述加持机构包括上下两个相对设置的块体夹持装置(3)，分别设置在四根液压缸(1)上方活塞杆上和下方的活塞缸上；
    所述束缚保护装置(2)包括多组支撑挡板(6)，每组支撑挡板(6)包括交叉设置的两个支撑挡板(6)，支撑挡板(6)的中间设有弹性橡胶部分(7)，支撑挡板(6)两端分别设有固定螺纹(5)和滑动挡轮组(8)，两只支撑挡板(6)的固定螺纹(5)和滑动挡轮组(8)分别对角设置在四根液压缸(1)上，从而形成“X”型连接，其中支撑挡板(6)的固定螺纹(5)与对应液压缸(1)的液压立柱固定连接，保证支撑挡板(6)有效收放，支撑挡板(6)的滑动挡轮组(8)与对应液压缸(1)的液压立柱嵌入的滑动顺槽(18)滑动连接，通过滑动挡轮组(8)的滑动实现束缚保护装置(2)的收放作用，支撑挡板(6)中间设有弹性橡胶部分(7)，被测钢绞线试件(4)设置在弹性橡胶部分(7)中，所述弹性橡胶部分(7)防止被测钢绞线试件(4)的钢绞线断裂时与支撑挡板(6)发生碰撞产生二次损伤。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：所述的块体夹持装置(3)包括用于加持被测钢绞线试件(4)的四块六面体块体(12)，四块六面体(12)组合成为正方体，中间形成圆形孔径用以固定被测钢绞线试件(4)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：所述六面体块体(12)包括前端块状夹持体(9)和末端块状夹持体(10)，前端块状夹持体(9)内部设有液压千斤顶(11)，并通过内部液压千斤顶(11)与末端块状夹持体(10)相连接，液压千斤顶(11)伸长过程中，前端块状夹持体(9)在水平位置不变的情况下使末端块状夹持体(10)沿着前端块状夹持体(9)的斜面向前上方运动，将被测钢绞线试件(4)夹持紧，同时也可以使末端块状夹持体(10)沿着前端块状夹持体(9)的斜面向后下方运动，将孔径松弛，释放被测钢绞线试件(4)；前端块状夹持体(9)为七面体结构，末端块状夹持体(10)为五面体结构，末端块状夹持体(10)的内面设有四分之一圆弧面，圆弧面上设有摩擦橡胶垫片(15)，与其他三个夹持体的末端共同组成圆孔径，实现钢绞线的夹持；所述末端块状夹持体(10)的摩擦橡胶垫片(15)上设有感应装置(17)，采集锚索的拉拔力数据的变化；
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：所述台块体夹持部分(3)圆孔的孔径为20～100mm，块体夹持部分(3)运行行程为0～2m。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置，其特征在于：所述束缚保护装置(2)的孔径设计为35～110mm，弹性橡胶材料的厚度为8～12mm。
  6. 一种使用权利要求1所述的整体夹持的钢绞线拉拔测试装置的检测方法，其特征在于步骤如下：
    a.依据被测钢绞线试件(4)的长度，调整块体夹持部分(3)的高度，使块体夹持装置(3)的高度与被测钢绞线试件(4)的高度相适应，使被测钢绞线试件(4)自然伸直；
    b.打开束缚保护装置(2)，调整至被测锚索试件(4)穿过束缚保护装置(2)，再将螺纹端使用配套螺钉与相应液压立柱的液压缸(1)匹配固定，稳固束缚保护装置(2)。
    c.将被测钢绞线试件(4)，依次穿过多处束缚保护装置(2)中的弹性橡胶部分(7)后，调整上下块体夹持装置将锚索试件(4)两端均匀紧固，同时启动四根液压缸(1)上升，带动设置在活塞杆上的上方块体夹持机构(3)整体向上匀速抬升，固定在液压缸(1)活塞缸上的下方块体夹持机构(3)不动，从而对钢绞线试件(4)进行拉拔，此过程中随着液压缸(1)液压杆上升，相应的束缚保护装置(2)也通过滑动挡轮组(8)移动，同时通过设置在块状夹持体末端(10)的摩擦橡胶垫片(15)内部的感应装置(17)，记录钢绞线试件(4)力学性质的参数变化，当被测钢绞线试件(4)承受不住拉力发生断裂时，束缚保护装置(2)有效防止因被测钢绞线试件(4)断裂而发生的安全隐患。
    d.依次降下块体夹持部分(3)，打开块体夹持部分(3)，随即取出钢绞线试件，然后松开螺纹部分(5)，放下束缚保护装置(2)取出被测锚索试件(4)，完成测试。
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