WO2019116166A1

WO2019116166A1 - An apparatus for trash sorting and compacting

Info

Publication number: WO2019116166A1
Application number: PCT/IB2018/059649
Authority: WO
Inventors: Rajdeep Das
Original assignee: Rajdeep Das
Priority date: 2017-12-15
Filing date: 2018-12-05
Publication date: 2019-06-20

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus for trash sorting and compacting. The apparatus comprises of plurality of bins (9, 10) and a single vertical actuator (500A). The bins (9, 10) provided to collect and store waste materials. The bins (9, 10) positioned vertically one above another and provided an opening (1, 2) between said bins (9, 10) for allowing users to insert said waste materials in each said bins (9, 10). The bins (9, 10) configured to be used as compacting means by allowing said bins (9, 10) to slide into each other. The vertical actuator (500A) configured to compress said waste materials in said bins (9, 10) at one go by sliding motion of one bin into another bin, and thereby sorting and compacting said waste materials within bins (9, 10). The vertical actuator is released, and the bins fall back to original position due to gravity after compression.

Description

AN APPARATUS FOR TRASH SORTING AND COMPACTING

FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] This invention refers to a trash sorting and compacting apparatus for sorting or segregation of the trash at the source.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART

[0002] Household waste can be broadly categorized into Food waste, Plastic waste and Paper waste. According to numerous studies, most of household waste by volume is composed of a mixture of food, plastic and paper, in some form or the other. The typical waste management process consists of door-to-door collection of waste (segregated and unsegregated), loading waste in a garbage truck, and transportation to a centralized processing unit.

[0003] The segregated waste is taken through various recycling processes, whereas the unsegregated waste ends up in landfills. Sometimes, unsegregated waste is separated manually using expensive and time-consuming processes. Typically, domestic waste has very low weight to volume ratio. This means that a given mass of domestic waste occupies a lot of space, causing the regular garbage bin used in residences to get filled fast, which then needs to be cleared frequently.

[0004] At a community level also, the typical garbage bin size permits storage of waste only for a few days. Frequent collection of waste is extremely costly from a supply chain point of view. Individual domestic unit waste collection requires expensive last-mile logistics and is one of the largest cost drivers for every waste management firm. There are several solutions that exist today to address this. However, most of these either perform compaction or segregation, and those that combine both these operations are extremely complicated and expensive.

[0005] US5139205- (Segregated waste disposal system) discloses a segregated waste disposal system which includes a plurality of separate bins for receiving paper, plastics, glass, and metal respectively. Two openings are provided within the overall unit, one of the openings receiving paper/plastics, the other opening receiving glass/metal. The respective openings perform different disposal functions with respect to the materials inserted therein, whereby the glass/metals opening compresses the glass/metals such that the compressed glass will immediately fall through a grate into a glass bin and a sweep arm sweeps compressed metal to an adjacent metals bin. The paper/plastics opening compresses the paper/plastic and subsequently shreds the compressed material. Deflection to a respective paper/plastics bin is determined by operator’s instruction achieved via a selection panel provided in connection with the waste disposal system. However, the deflection to a respective bin is determined by operator’s instruction and has more human intervention thereby more time-consuming.

[0006] CN105666930 (A Fixed platform type movable perpendicular waste compression station) discloses a fixed platform type perpendicular waste compression station which comprises a worktable arranged on the ground level. The worktable is provided with two steps. The face of the first step is provided with a waste compression box, and the face of the second step is provided with a movable hammering and pressing machine, wherein the face of the second step and the upper surface of the waste compression box are located on the same plane, and the plane is paved with a guide rail. The waste compression station further comprises a waste feeding hopper and a feeding hopper dumping device. The ground level is provided with a feeding hopper containing pit used for containing the waste feeding hopper. The rubbish compression box comprises a compression bin. A first lifting door is arranged on the side face of the discharging end of the compression bin, and a material returning mechanism is arranged on the other side of the discharging end of the compression bin. The guide rail is laid at an upper edge opening of the compression bin and used for guiding the movable hammering and pressing machine to the position above the compression bin. However, the worktable is provided in two steps and the compression of garbage in multiple number of bins at one go is not possible. Similarly, there are other techniques and appliances to segregate and compact waste. However, most of these solutions employ complicated techniques which not only cost more but also occupy a lot of space, and hence do not get accepted in a domestic setting.

[0007] In summary, there are various key issues facing waste management today: - [0008] 1) Most domestic garbage is not segregated at the source; segregation of waste after collection is expensive, manual and time-consuming.

[0009] 2) A small mass of garbage occupies a lot of space; the usual garbage bins get filled fast, requiring frequent clearing of bins.

[00010] 3) The existing solutions are complicated and expensive and hence are not commercially viable in a domestic setting

[00011] In order to overcome the aforementioned issues associated with the conventional trash disposal systems, there is a need for a trash sorting and compacting apparatus in which sorting or segregation of the trash is facilitated at the source, i.e., houses, offices, shops, an organization premise, and the like. Further, there is felt a need for a trash sorting and compacting apparatus which very easily facilitates compaction of the trash at the house itself, thereby reducing the need of disposing the trash every day. Additionally, there is a need to develop a trash sorting and compacting apparatus that utilizes minimal components and takes up minimal floor space and volume.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

[00012] It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to provide a trash sorting and compacting apparatus in which sorting or segregation of the trash is facilitated at the source.

[00013] It is another object of the present invention to provide a trash sorting and compacting apparatus which very easily facilitates compaction of the trash at the house itself, thereby reducing the need of collecting the trash every day.

[00014] The other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated for illustration of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope thereof. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[00015] The aforementioned object is achieved by a trash sorting and compacting apparatus according to claim 1. The present invention envisages a trash sorting and compacting apparatus. According to an embodiment, the apparatus for trash sorting and compacting comprises of at least two bins, at least two openings, a rigid structure and a compression block.

[00016] At least two bins are provided to collect and store waste materials separately. The waste materials include biodegradable (food waste, paper waste) and non- biodegradable waste (plastic waste like HDPE, LDPE packaging, wrappers, etc.). More specifically, the waste materials include municipal solid waste and not chemical, radioactive industrial wastes. A first bin is provided to collect and store biodegradable waste and a second bin is provided to collect and store plastic (non-biodegradable waste).

[00017] At least two openings provided to allow users to dump the waste materials in respective bins.

[00018] According to an embodiment, the first bin is supported proximal operative bottom end of the support structure (herein after also referred as rigid structure) and the second bin is supported in an operative middle portion of the support structure, and the compression block is supported operative top end of the support structure.

[00019] In an embodiment, the first bin, the second bin, and the compression block have a cuboidal configuration complementary to that of the support structure for being received therewithin.

[00020] According to an embodiment, the rigid structure is configured to act as a main body of the apparatus and thereby enclosing the apparatus. The rigid structure includes at least two linear guideways configured to facilitate vertical movement of the bins along the linear guideways for compression of the waste materials within the bins.

[00021] According to an embodiment, the compression block is configured for enclosing an actuation mechanism and a heating mechanism. According to an embodiment, the actuation mechanism configured for actuating compression of the waste materials by the movement of the bins in vertical direction along the linear guideways. According to an embodiment, the heating mechanism configured for heating the plastic (non-biodegradable) waste material within the second bin during the compression of the non-biodegradable waste material and thereby compacting the waste materials using the actuation and heating mechanism.

[00022] The apparatus further includes a display panel, a hose outlet, a front door, a bottom bin holding structure and a middle bin holding structure. According to an embodiment, the display panel provided for displaying level of waste material in the bins. According to an embodiment, the hose outlet is provided to eject by-products of compression of waste materials. According to an embodiment, the front door is configured to allow the users to access the first bin and the second bin thereby taking out the bins and emptying when required.

[00023] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin holding structure is connected to the rigid structure via the guideways and configured for embedding the bottom bin within the bottom bin holding structure. The bottom bin holding structure along with the bottom bin moves vertically along the linear guideways, wherein the first bin forms the bottom bin.

[00024] According to an embodiment, the middle bin holding structure is connected to the rigid structure via the guideways and configured for embedding the middle bin within the middle bin holding structure. The middle bin holding structure along with the middle bin moves vertically along the linear guideways, wherein the second bin forms the middle bin.

[00025] According to an embodiment, the compression block connected to the rigid structure via linear guideways thereby facilitating the vertical movement along the linear guideways and wherein the compression block suspended from top using compression springs and bolts.

[00026] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin includes pair of handles, bottom bin removable plate and a bottom bin top edge. According to an embodiment, the pair of handles are provided at sides of bottom bin to allow the users to lift and pull out the bottom bin by holding the handles after opening the front door.

[00027] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin removable plate connected at bottom face of the first bin using a flexible chain and thereby resting against an edge of the first bin. The bottom bin removable plate is configured for disposing the compressed biodegradable waste material by pushing the bottom bin removable plate from the bottom forcing compacted garbage to come out from top. The bottom bin removable plate includes thin perforations configured to drain moisture released from biodegradable waste materials during compression.

[00028] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin top edge of the first bin angled outwards and configured to allow the middle bin to slide easily into the bottom bin.

[00029] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin holding structure includes a bottom bin elevated edge, bottom bin linear guide blocks and at least two hook-like protrusions. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin linear guide blocks provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways of rigid structure and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the bottom bin structure along with the bottom bin.

[00030] According to an embodiment, the at least two hook-like protrusions provided on two opposite faces and connected to a cable mechanism, wherein the protrusions configured to pull the bins against gravity and compress the waste materials therein. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin elevated edge provided near front of bottom bin holding structure configured to prevent the bottom bin from sliding sideways during compression.

[00031] According to an embodiment, the middle bin includes pair of handles, middle bin removable plate and a middle bin top edge. According to an embodiment, the pair of handles provided at sides of middle bin to allow the users to lift and pull out the middle bin by holding the handles after opening the front door.

[00032] According to an embodiment, the middle bin removable plate connected at bottom face of the middle bin using a flexible chain and thereby resting against an edge of the middle bin. The middle bin removable plate is configured for disposing the compressed non-biodegradable waste material by pushing the middle bin removable plate from the bottom forcing compacted garbage to come out from top.

[00033] According to an embodiment, the middle bin top edge of the middle bin angled outwards and configured to allow the compression block to slide easily into the middle bin. According to an embodiment, the middle bin holding structure includes middle bin linear guide blocks, projecting edge and middle bin elevated edge. According to an embodiment, the middle bin linear guide blocks provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways of rigid structure and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the middle bin holding structure along with the middle bin.

[00034] According to an embodiment, the projecting edge provided on two opposite faces of middle bin holding structure rest against an edge of the rigid structure, wherein the projecting edge configured to prevent middle bin along with middle bin holding structure from falling to the bottom due to gravity. According to an embodiment, the middle bin elevated edge provided near front of middle bin structure configured to prevent the middle bin from sliding sideways during compression.

[00035] According to an embodiment, outer horizontal cross section of the middle bin holding structure is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the first bin and thereby the second bin along with the middle bin holding structure entering into the first bin through top when the bottom bin holding structure along with the bottom bin pulled up and compressing the biodegradable waste material dumped in the first bin.

[00036] According to an embodiment, outer horizontal cross section of compression block is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the middle bin and thereby the compression block entering into middle bin through top when the middle bin holding structure along with the middle bin and bottom bin holding structure along with the bottom bin pulled up and compressing and heating the non-biodegradable waste material dumped in the second bin. [00037] According to an embodiment, the compression block includes linear guide blocks, a pair of compression springs and heating mechanism. According to an embodiment, the linear guide blocks provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways of the rigid structure and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the compression block. According to an embodiment, the pair of compression springs configured for providing reactive force to compression block during the compression of waste materials.

[00038] According to an embodiment, the heating mechanism includes heating coil elements, heating plate and an insulating layer. According to an embodiment, the heating plate provided at bottom face of compression block. According to an embodiment, the heating coil elements provided in contact with heating plate and configured for electrically heating the heating plate. According to an embodiment, the heating plate configured to come in contact with non-biodegradable (plastic) waste materials of middle bin during compression and thereby softening the plastic waste (non-biodegradable waste) for effective compression and compaction. According to an embodiment, the insulating layer sandwiched between heating plate and compression block configured to prevent heating of the entire compression block and restricts heat to heating plate.

[00039] According to an embodiment, the actuation mechanism includes hydraulic bottle jack, pulleys and cables for transferring pulling force to the bins for vertical movement and thereby actuating compression of the waste materials. A displacement means (herein after also referred as actuation mechanism) for displacing the at least one bin along the length of the support structure is supported by the support structure. The actuation mechanism facilitates the displacement or vertical movement of the at least one bin such that the bin adjacent the first compacting means receives the first compacting means therewithin for facilitating compaction of trash therewithin, and each of the remaining bins from the at least one bin is partially received in a successive bin from the at least one bin for facilitating compaction of trash present in the successive bin. [00040] These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[00041] The detailed description is set forth with reference to the accompanying figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The use of the same reference numbers in different figures indicates similar or identical items.

[00042] Fig. 1A illustrates an isometric front view of a trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[00043] Fig. 1B illustrates an isometric rear view of a trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 1 A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00044] Fig. 1C illustrates an isometric view of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 1A when a front door is opened, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00045] Fig. 2A illustrates a front view of internal parts of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00046] Fig. 2B illustrates a rear view of internal parts of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00047] Fig. 2C illustrates an isometric view of rigid or support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00048] Fig. 2D illustrates an isometric view of arrangement of bins within the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00049] Fig. 2E illustrates an exploded isometric view of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 2D, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00050] Fig. 3A illustrates an exploded isometric view of a first bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00051] Fig. 3B illustrates an exploded isometric view of a second bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00052] Fig. 3C illustrates an exploded isometric view of a compression block, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00053] Fig. 3D illustrates an isometric view of complete bin assembly along with the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00054] Fig 4A illustrates a side view of uncompressed configuration of bins within the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00055] Fig. 4B illustrates a side view of a first step of waste material compression process when the first bin 9 is pulled up by pulling bottom bin holding structure 15, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00056] Fig. 4C illustrates a side view of the configuration of bins when bottom bin holding structure 15 is further pulled up more than shown in Fig 4B, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00057] Fig. 4D illustrates a side view of the configuration of bins when both bins 9 and 10 have moved up simultaneously due to the pulling action on bottom bin holding structure 15, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00058] Fig. 4E illustrates a side view of the fully compressed configuration of bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00059] Fig. 5A illustrates an isometric view of an actuation mechanism, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; [00060] Fig. 5B illustrates an isometric view of the actuation mechanism fixed to the main frame 13 alongside bin 11, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00061] Fig. 5C illustrates a detailed isometric view of an upward tension generated in cable of Fig. 5A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00062] Fig. 6A illustrates an isometric view of a mechanism to release plastic waste sticking to a heating surface 35, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00063] Fig. 6B illustrates an isometric view of fully penetrated position in the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 6A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00064] Fig. 7 illustrates an isometric view of configuration of bins during compression ensuring that the openings 1 and 2 do not open, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00065] Fig. 8 illustrates an isometric view of position of sensors inside the apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00066] Fig 9A illustrates a graphical representation showing day-wise variation in compression ratio during an experiment conducted over 2 weeks on plastic waste, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00067] Fig. 9B illustrates the various stages of compression of the plastic waste materials, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

[00068] Fig. 10A illustrates a graphical representation showing day-wise variation in compression ratio during an experiment conducted over 2 weeks on a mixture of food and paper waste, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention; and

[00069] Fig. 10B illustrates the various stages of compression of the food and paper waste materials, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[00070] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.

[00071] According to an embodiment, an apparatus for trash sorting and compacting comprises of plurality of bins and a single vertical actuator. The bins provided to collect and store waste materials, wherein the waste materials include food, paper and plastic. According to an embodiment, the bins positioned vertically one above another and provided an opening between the bins for allowing users to insert the waste materials in each the bin. According to an embodiment, the bins can be configured to use as compacting means by allowing the bins to slide into each other. According to an embodiment, the vertical actuator configured to compress the waste materials in the bins at one go by sliding motion of one bin into another bin, and thereby sorting and compacting the waste materials within the bins.

[00072] In an embodiment, the vertical actuator is configured to move the bins in upward direction from its initial position, and thereby allowing the bins to slide into each other for compressing the waste materials within the bins. According to an embodiment, the apparatus further incudes a compression block placed at top of the bins, wherein the compression block is provided to slide one bin in to bottom of the compression block, and another bin to slide in to bottom of one bin while moving the bins thereby compressing said waste materials within the bins.

[00073] According to an embodiment, the bins are capable of returning back to the initial position after compression of the waste materials due to force of earth’s gravity by releasing the vertical actuator, wherein the vertical actuator is hydraulics. [00074] In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a safety mechanism is configured to mechanically prevent the openings from opening during compression of the waste materials, and a mechanism is configured to empty the bins by pushing detachable bases the bins from bottom of the bins and thereby allowing to remove the compressed waste materials.

[00075] The plastic waste materials are heated using heating plates to achieve higher compression. The apparatus further includes a removing mechanism configured to remove sticking plastic waste from the surface of heating plate. The food and paper waste collected together in another bin and plastic stored in one bin separately for compression. The food and paper waste stored together in another bin to allow the food waste to retain compressed shape after compression and to allow the paper waste to absorb moisture from the food waste and acts as a binding agent for the whole mixture of food and paper waste.

[00076] Fig. 1A illustrates an isometric front view 100A of a trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the apparatus comprises of at least two openings 1, 2, a top opening 3, a machine control panel 4, a display panel 5, an electrical cable 6, a front door 7, a hose outlet 8, at least two bins, a compression block, a top bin, a rigid structure, a bottom bin holding structure and a middle bin holding structure.

[00077] At least two openings 1, 2 provided to allow users to dump the waste materials in respective bins. The openings 1 and 2 are kept closed using hinged, spring-loaded flaps, while 3 may remain closed or open. The machine control panel 4 comprising of push button switches or similar arrangement to control the functioning of the apparatus.

[00078] According to an embodiment, the display panel 5 provided for displaying level of waste material in the bins. The machine control panel 4 and the display panel 5 forms the human machine interface for the apparatus. According to an embodiment, the electrical cable 6 with plug provided to connect apparatus to an electrical power source. According to an embodiment, the front door 7 is configured to allow the users to access a first bin and a second bin thereby taking out the bins and emptying when required. [00079] Fig. 1B illustrates an isometric rear view 100B of a trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 1A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The electrical cable 6 and the outlet hose 8 is visible from the rear view. According to an embodiment, the hose outlet 8 is provided to eject by-products of compression of waste materials. The base of the apparatus has openings/gaps through which any gases formed inside is capable of escaping if required.

[00080] Fig. 1C illustrates an isometric view 100C of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 1A when a front door is opened, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. At least two bins 9, 10 are provided to collect and store waste materials separately. The waste materials include biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste materials. A first bin 9 is provided to collect and store biodegradable waste and a second bin 10 is provided to collect and store non-biodegradable waste. The bin 9 collects food waste and paper waste (biodegradable) that is fed to the bin 9 through the opening 1. The bin 10 that collects plastic waste (non-biodegradable) that is fed through the opening 2. According to an embodiment, the top bin 11 provided to collect other (not collected in bin 9 and 10) waste (e.g. glass, aluminium cans, etc.) when entered through opening 3 (Fig. 2). The waste materials collected in the top bin 11 is not compressed.

[00081] Fig. 2A illustrates a front view 200A of internal parts of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the first bin 9 is supported proximal operative bottom end of the support structure 13 (also referred as rigid structure) and the second bin 10 is supported in an operative middle portion of the support structure 13, and the compression block 12 is supported operative top end of the support structure 13. In an embodiment, the first bin 9, the second bin 10, and the compression block 12 have a cuboidal configuration complementary to that of the support structure 13 for being received therewithin. In one embodiment of the present invention, the bins 9, 10, 12 are cuboidal in shape. It is to be noted that the shape of the bins 9, 10, 12 is not limited to cuboidal shape and any other shape, such as cylindrical, hexagon cross section, and theoretically any type of cross-section, are well within the ambit of the present disclosure.

[00082] Fig. 2B illustrates a rear view 200B of internal parts of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the compression block 12 is configured for enclosing an actuation mechanism and a heating mechanism. According to an embodiment, the actuation mechanism configured for actuating compression of the waste materials by the movement of the bins 9, 10, 12 in vertical direction along linear guideways. According to an embodiment, the heating mechanism configured for heating the non- biodegradable plastic waste material within the second bin 10 during the compression of the non-biodegradable waste material and thereby compacting the waste materials using the actuation and heating mechanism.

[00083] Fig. 2C illustrates an isometric view 200C of rigid or support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the rigid structure 13 is configured to act as a main body of the apparatus and thereby enclosing the apparatus. The rigid structure 13 includes at least two linear guideways 14 configured to facilitate vertical movement of the bins 9, 10, 12 along the linear guideways 14 for compression of the waste materials within the bins 9, 10.

[00084] Fig. 2D illustrates an isometric view 200D of arrangement of bins within the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin holding structure 15 is connected to the rigid structure 13 via the guideways 14 and configured for embedding the bottom bin 9 within the bottom bin holding structure 15. The bottom bin holding structure 15 along with the bottom bin 9 moves vertically along the linear guideways 14, wherein the first bin 9 forms the bottom bin. According to an embodiment, the middle bin holding structure 16 is connected to the rigid structure 13 via the guideways 14 and configured for embedding the middle bin 10 within the middle bin holding structure 16. The middle bin holding structure 16 along with the middle bin 10 moves vertically along the linear guideways 14, wherein the second bin 10 forms the middle bin. According to an embodiment, the compression block 12 connected to the rigid structure 13 via linear guideways 14 thereby facilitating the vertical movement along the linear guideways 14 and wherein the compression block 12 suspended from top using compression springs and bolts.

[00085] Fig. 2E illustrates an exploded isometric view 200E of the trash sorting and compacting apparatus of Fig. 2D, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The first bin 9 and the middle bin 10 can be lifted and pulled out by holding them with handles provided on the bins. The bottom bin holding structure 15 (enclosing bin 9), middle bin holding structure 16 (enclosing bin 10) and the compression block 12 are arranged in such a way that their movement is confined along vertical direction with the help of linear guideways 14. They all tend to fall downwards due to gravity. The middle bin holding structure 16 (enclosing bin 10) cannot fall below a certain middle position as it is provided with a protruding edge 27 (ref. Fig. 3B) that engage with protruding edge 36 on the rigid structure 13 (ref. Fig. 2C). The bottom bin holding structure 15 (enclosing bin 9) can come all the way down to the bottom of the rigid structure 13 due to gravity. Due to restricted downward movement of the middle bin holding structure 16, in normal position there is gap between the first bin 9 and the middle bin 10 (ref. Fig. 2D), which corresponds to opening 1 (ref. Fig. 1A) through which bio-degradable waste (food and paper) is put in the first bin 9. Due to restricted downward movement of the compression block 12, in normal position there is gap between the middle bin 10 and the compression block 12 (ref. Fig. 2D), which corresponds to opening 2 (ref. Fig. 1) through which plastic waste is put in the middle bin 10.

[00086] Fig. 3A illustrates an exploded isometric view 300A of a first bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin 9 includes pair of handles 21, bottom bin removable plate 23 and a bottom bin top edge 24. According to an embodiment, the pair of handles 21 are provided at sides of bottom bin 9 to allow the users to lift and pull out the bottom bin 9 by holding the handles 21 after opening the front door 7. [00087] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin removable plate 23 connected at bottom face of the first bin 9 using a flexible chain (and cannot be totally separated) and thereby resting against an edge 22 of the first bin 9. The bottom bin removable plate 23 is configured for disposing the compressed biodegradable waste material by pushing the bottom bin removable plate 23 from the bottom thereby forcing the compacted garbage out from the top of the bin. The bottom bin removable plate 23 includes thin perforations configured to drain moisture released from biodegradable waste materials during compression. The moisture released is collected in a tray 18 which is enclosed by bin holding structure 15 at the bottom. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin top edge 24 of the first bin 9 angled outwards and configured to allow the middle bin 10 to slide easily into the bottom bin 9.

[00088] According to an embodiment, the bottom bin holding structure 15 includes a bottom bin elevated edge 25, bottom bin linear guide blocks 19 and at least two hook like protrusions 20. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin linear guide blocks 19 provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways 14 of the rigid structure 13 and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the bottom bin holding structure 15 along with the bottom bin 9. According to an embodiment, the at least two hook-like protrusions 20 provided on two opposite faces and connected to a cable mechanism, wherein the protrusions 20 configured to pull the bins against gravity and compress the waste materials therein. According to an embodiment, the bottom bin elevated edge 25 provided near front of bottom bin holding structure 15 configured to prevent the bottom bin 9 from sliding sideways during compression.

[00089] Fig. 3B illustrates an exploded isometric view 300B of a second bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the middle bin includes pair of handles 29, middle bin removable plate 32 and a middle bin top edge 30. According to an embodiment, the pair of handles 29 provided at sides of the middle bin 10 to allow the users to lift and pull out the middle bin 10 by holding the handles 29 after opening the front door 7. [00090] According to an embodiment, the middle bin removable plate 32 connected at bottom face of the middle bin 10 using a flexible chain and thereby resting against an edge 31 of the middle bin 10. The middle bin removable plate 32 is configured for disposing the compressed non-biodegradable waste material by pushing the middle bin removable plate 32 from the bottom thereby forcing the compacted garbage out from the top of the bin. According to an embodiment, the middle bin top edge 30 of the middle bin angled outwards and configured to allow the compression block 12 to slide easily into the middle bin 10.

[00091] According to an embodiment, the middle bin holding structure 16 includes middle bin linear guide blocks 26, projecting edge 27 and middle bin elevated edge 28. According to an embodiment, the middle bin linear guide blocks 26 provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways 14 of the rigid structure 13 and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the middle bin holding structure 16 along with the middle bin 10.

[00092] According to an embodiment, the projecting edge 27 provided on two opposite faces of middle bin holding structure 16 rest against a protruding edge 36 of the rigid structure 13 (ref. fig. 2C), wherein the projecting edge 27 configured to prevent middle bin 10 along with middle bin holding structure 16 from falling to the bottom due to gravity. According to an embodiment, the middle bin elevated edge 28 provided near front of middle bin holding structure 16 configured to prevent the middle bin 10 from sliding sideways during compression.

[00093] Fig. 3C illustrates an exploded isometric view 300C of a compression block, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The compression block 12 includes linear guide blocks 33, a pair of compression springs 17 and heating mechanism. The linear guide blocks 33 provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways 14 of the rigid structure 13 and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the compression block 12. According to an embodiment, the pair of compression springs 17 configured for providing reactive force to compression block 12 during the compression of waste materials. The extent of compression of the spring is also an indication of the actual compressive force acting on the garbage in the bins 9 and 10.

[00094] The heating mechanism includes heating coil elements 34, heating plate 35 and an insulating layer. According to an embodiment, the heating plate 35 provided at bottom face of compression block 12. According to an embodiment, the heating coil elements 34 provided in contact with heating plate 35 and configured for electrically heating the heating plate 35. According to an embodiment, the heating plate 35 configured to come in contact with non-biodegradable waste materials of middle bin 10 during compression and thereby softening the plastic waste (non-biodegradable waste) for effective compression and compaction. Heating plastic also helps in retaining the compressed shape of plastic when the compressive force is withdrawn. According to an embodiment, the insulating layer sandwiched between heating plate 35 and compression block 12 configured to prevent heating of the entire compression block 12 and restricts heat to heating plate 35.

[00095] Fig. 3D illustrates an isometric view 300D of complete bin assembly along with the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment, the outer horizontal cross section of middle bin holding structure 16 is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the first bin 9 and thereby the second bin 10 along with the middle bin holding structure 16 entering into the first bin 9 through top when the bottom bin holding structure 15 along with the bottom bin 9 pulled up and compressing the biodegradable waste material dumped in the first bin 9. According to an embodiment, the outer horizontal cross section of the compression block 12 is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the middle bin 10 and thereby the compression block 12 entering into middle bin 10 through top when the middle bin holding structure 16 along with the middle bin 10 and bottom bin holding structure 15 along with the bottom bin 9 is pulled up and compressing and heating the non-biodegradable waste material dumped in the second bin 10. The first bin 9 along with the bottom bin holding structure 15, the middle bin 10 along with the middle bin holding structure 16 and the compression block 12 are mounted on common linear guideways 14.

[00096] Fig. 4A to Fig. 4E illustrates the compression mechanism of the apparatus. Fig 4A illustrates a side view 400A of uncompressed configuration of bins within the support structure, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. When the bins are uncompressed the opening 1 between the first bin 9 and the middle bin holding structure 16 remains open and opening 2 between the second bin 10 and the compression block 12 remains open.

[00097] Fig. 4B illustrates a side view 400B of a first step of waste material compression process when the first bin 9 is pulled up by pulling bottom bin holding structure 15, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The pulling action closes the opening 1.

[00098] Fig. 4C illustrates a side view 400C of the configuration of bins when bottom bin holding structure 15 is further pulled up more than shown in Fig 4B, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. During this process, the base of the middle bin holding structure 16 enters the first bin 9 through the top, thereby compressing the mixture of food and paper waste dumped in the first bin 9. On pulling up further the bottom bin top edge 24 of the first bin 9 meets the projecting edge 27 of the middle bin holding structure 16. From this point onwards the middle bin holding structure 16 and the middle bin 10 also starts moving up along with the first bin 9 and the bottom bin holding structure 15. It is to be noted here that the middle bin holding structure 16 does not completely enter the first bin 9 because of the middle bin projecting edge 27.

[00099] Fig. 4D illustrates a side view 400D of the configuration of bins when both bins 9 and 10 have moved up simultaneously due to the pulling action on the bottom bin holding structure 15, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In this step the opening 2 has been closed. As the bottom bin holding structure 15 is pulled up, the base of the compression block 12 enters the middle bin 10 through the top, thereby compressing the plastic waste dumped in the middle bin 10. Additionally, the heating plate 35 is energized which softens the plastic waste. Heating plastic also makes the compressed plastic bind to each other and retain the compressed position even after withdrawal of compressive force.

[000100] Fig. 4E illustrates a side view 400E of the fully compressed configuration of bins, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. On pulling the bottom bin holding structure 15 further up, the compression springs 17 start getting compressed. The compression force acting on the garbage in the bins is directly proportional to the extent of compression of the springs. Once a preset value of compression is reached (which is detected with the help of sensors), the upward pulling force is stopped. Thus, by pulling the bottom bin holding structure 15 up along the guideways 14, waste collected in both the first bin 9 and the middle bin 10 is compressed and compacted.

[000101] Although this embodiment of concept shows a two-bin arrangement, this mechanism is completely scalable to any number of bins placed in a similar vertical configuration and designed such that one can enter the other. Also, this mechanism is independent of the size and shape of the bins. This implies that if there are more than two categories of waste to be segregated and compacted, in addition to biodegradable waste (food, paper) and plastic waste, it can be achieved simply by adding bins to the top of existing bins.

[000102] Fig. 5A to Fig. 5C illustrates the actuation mechanism. Fig. 5A illustrates an isometric view 500A of an actuation mechanism, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The actuation mechanism is selected from the group consisting of electric motors, linear motors, rack and pinion, lead screw, scissor lift mechanism, wire cable and pulley, pneumatic and hydraulic. In an embodiment, the actuation mechanism is hydraulics as it is able to generate very high force, occupies minimal space, can operate without electricity, and is comparatively cheaper and rugged. The actuation mechanism is enclosed within the compression block 12 and is fixed to the rigid structure 13 alongside the top bin 11 (ref. Fig. 5B). [000103] The actuation mechanism comprises of a hydraulic bottle jack, pulleys and cables for transferring pulling force to the bins 9, 10, 12 for vertical movement and thereby actuating compression of the waste materials. According to an embodiment, the hydraulic jack includes a main body 36, a hydraulic piston rod 37, a clamp 43, a cable 46, an electrical motor 38, a lever 40, a crankshaft 39, a hydraulic pump 41, an actuator

(e.g. servo motor) 42 and pulleys 44 and 45. According to an embodiment, the hydraulic piston rod has the clamp 43 used to fix one end of cable 46. According to an embodiment, the cable 46 is a flexible but practically inextensible cable, e.g. a wire rope. According to an embodiment, the diameter of cable is decided in such a way that it can withstand the force generated during compression cycle. The hydraulic jack is operated with the help of the electrical motor 38. It can also be operated manually in other embodiments. According to an embodiment, the lever 40 has a slot for crankshaft 39 to slide along. According to an embodiment, the crankshaft 39 is connected to the shaft of motor. The lever 40 is connected to the hydraulic pump 41. As the motor rotates, it generates a continuous up and down motion of the lever 40, which helps to pump the hydraulic jack, thereby raising the hydraulic piston rod 37. This creates tension in the cable 46, which is guided with the help of pulleys 44 and 45. The direction of tension is indicated by the arrows in the cable 46. The actuator (e.g. servo motor) 42 provided to operate the release valve of the hydraulic jack. Thus, when the actuator 42 is activated, the hydraulic piston rod 37 comes down.

[000104] Fig. 5C illustrates a detailed isometric view 500C of an arrangement of pulleys that help utilize the tension force created in cable of Fig 5A, to lift the bin arrangement and compress garbage in each bin, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The pulleys 47A, 47B and 47C represent a compound pulley system and are connected only via cables and are not fixed to the rigid structure 13. All other pulleys except 47 A, 47B and 47C are rigidly fixed to the rigid structure of the apparatus. The cable 46 is connected to the axle of pulley 47A. Thus, the upward tension on the cable 46 tries to move the pulley 47 A upwards. The cable 56 is fixed at one end to the rigid structure 13, passes over the pulley 47A and the other end is fixed to the axle of pulley 47B. The cables 57 and 58 are fixed at one end to the rigid structure 13 and they pass over the pulley 47B and 47C respectively. The other end of cable 57 is fixed to the axle of pulley 47C, while the other end of cable 58 passes over pulley 49. Because of this arrangement of pulleys, as 47A moves up by distance X, 47B moves up by distance 2X and 47C moves up by distance 4X. This equates to a pull of distance 8X on cable 58. Overall, if hydraulic piston rod 37 moves up by distance X, then cable 58 gets pulled by distance 8X. Thus, the travel length of hydraulic jack gets magnified. However, this also means a reduction of hydraulic force by 8X. Therefore, the capacity of hydraulic jack is chosen as 8 times more than the calculated capacity it needs to pull. The Cable 58 is split into two - one end passes over pulleys 50, 54 and

55; the other end passes over pulleys 51, 52, 53. Each end of pulley is connected to hook- like protrusions 20 of the holding structure 15. This helps to pull the bins upwards during compression process. When the actuator 42 is activated, the hydraulic jack is released, and the bins fall back to their usual position due to gravity. Although this embodiment of concept shows an illustrative arrangement of pulleys and hydraulic jack, where the travel length of jack is magnified 8 times; the same can be achieved by using another arrangement of pulleys with a hydraulic jack. The jack may be inside or outside of compression block 12 or anywhere in the body of the apparatus. Also, there can be an actuation mechanism where the hydraulic jack directly pulls the bottom bin 9 without use of pulleys and cables. Alternatively, instead of hydraulic jack, one may use hydraulic power pack comprising hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic oil reservoir and hydraulic motor.

[000105] Fig. 6A illustrates an isometric view 600A of a mechanism to release plastic waste sticking to a heating surface 35, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The plastic waste is collected in the middle bin 10 is heated during the compression process to make it soft and sticky. While this helps in the compaction of plastic waste, it sticks to the heating surface or heating plate 35. Therefore, the mechanism is configured to release plastic waste sticking to heating surface 35. Additionally, the heating surface 35 coming in contact with plastic waste, may be provided with a non-stick coating. The heating surface 35 and insulating surface 59 includes several perforations through which nail-like projections 62 penetrates. These projections are fixed on a fixing part 61. The fixing part 61 and its projections 62 move vertically up and down through the perforations, thereby penetrating the heating surface 35. This vertical movement is also guided by fixtures 63. Additionally, there can be linear guideways to assist the vertical movement of the fixing part 61. There are compression springs on 62, which ensure that fixing part 61 does not penetrate heating surface 35 unless activated by motor 64. There is a cam like structure 65 on the shaft of motor 64 which pushes the fixing part 61 against spring force to penetrate the heating surface when required. The sensor 66 helps to detect the position of the fixing part 61. This entire mechanism along with the heating elements are fixed to compression block 12 using bolts 60. Fig. 6B illustrates an isometric view 600B of fully penetrated position in the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 6A, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The vertical movement of the fixing part 61 can also be achieved by other mechanisms like lead screw, rack and pinion, linear motors, magnetic actuators, cable and pulleys, pneumatics and hydraulics, all these are within the ambit of the current invention.

[000106] Fig. 7 illustrates an isometric view 700 of configuration of bins during compression ensuring that the openings 1 and 2 do not open, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The Fig. 7 clearly describes a safety mechanism configured to mechanically prevent the bin openings from opening during compression of waste materials. As the bin holding structure 15 moves up, it extends a set of levers 67. These pair of levers are connected to each other through a swivel joint. The bottom lever is connected to the rigid structure 13, while the top lever is connected to the bottom bin holding structure 15. The extended lever 67 prevents flap 1 from opening during compression process, whereas the first bin 9 blocks flap 2 from opening during compression. This is done to prevent use of the apparatus during compression, which is required to ensure safety of users. The safety mechanism is further enhanced with the help of sensors in the apparatus. [000107] Fig. 8 illustrates an isometric view 800 of position of sensors inside the apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. A sensor 69 and 70 configured to detect the level of waste materials present in the first bin 9 and the middle bin 10 respectively. The bottom part of the bottom bin holding structure 15 has a tray 18 which collects moisture released by bio-waste in the first bin 9. This moisture is released to drain 8 (ref. Fig. 1B) via a solenoid valve 68. The solenoid valve prevents moisture from spilling whenever the bottom bin holding structure 15 is at a height during the compression process.

[000108] Fig 9A illustrates a graphical representation 900A showing day-wise variation in compression ratio for plastic waste observed during an experiment conducted using the concept of the current invention, over a period of 2 weeks. An exemplary process is used to compress the plastic materials (also referred as garbage). A metallic bin of—13 -liter capacity was filled with plastic waste generated in a typical domestic household. All types of LDPE and HDPE plastics were used, e.g. plastic wraps, bottles, packaging, sachets, tubes, etc. The garbage collected was compacted everyday using the below steps. Every day fresh garbage was added on top of already compressed garbage in the bin. In the experiment conducted, a 500W heating element was used at 230V AC. Every day the following steps were conducted to compact plastic garbage: - a. The surface compressing the plastic garbage was first heated for 10 min or

~250°C

b. After 10 min, plastic garbage was compressed with a force of -250 kg-wt. to the minimum volume possible.

c. The heating was continued for 5 min while the plastic garbage was held in compressed position. As the plastic softened due to heat, the volume of plastic waste was further reduced with the same force of ~250kg-wt.

d. After 5 min heating was stopped, but the plastic garbage was kept in compressed position for another 12-15 min. This ensured that the plastic waste hardened and retained the compressed shape. [000109] The experiment was conducted for 16 days, and the following metrics were computed,

a. Volume ratio = Final Garbage V olume / Starting Garbage Volume b. Compression ratio = 1 - Volume ratio

[000110] Fig. 9B illustrates the various stages 900B of compression of the plastic waste materials. An overall compression ratio of >90% was achieved at the end of 16 days. The density of compressed garbage was -120 kg/m3.

[000111] Fig. 10A illustrates a graphical representation 1000A showing day-wise variation in compression ratio for a mixture of food and paper observed during an experiment conducted using the concept of the current invention, over a period of 2 weeks. An exemplary process is used to compress the food and paper materials (also referred as garbage). A metallic garbage bin of ~l3-liter capacity was filled with combination of food waste and paper waste generated in a typical domestic household. This mixture of biodegradable waste comprised of food waste from both vegetarian and non-vegetarian sources, garden waste, newspapers, packaging paper, carton, etc. The garbage collected was compacted everyday using the below steps. Every day fresh garbage was added on top of already compressed garbage in the bin. Every day the following steps were conducted to compact biodegradable garbage: - a. The garbage was compressed to minimum volume possible using a force of -250 kg-wt.

b. The garbage was kept in compressed position for a few hours.

c. The moisture present in food waste was partly absorbed by paper waste, and the remaining were collected in a tray. The absorption of moisture by paper helped it to become soft and act as a bonding agent for the combined mix and helped to prevent odour formation.

[000112] The experiment was conducted for 14 days, and the following metrics were computed,

a. Volume ratio = Final Garbage Volume / Starting Garbage Volume b. Compression ratio = 1 - Volume ratio [000113] Fig. 10B illustrates the various stages 1000B of compression of the food and paper waste materials. An overall compression ratio of -90% was achieved at the end of 14 days. The Density of compressed garbage was -950 kg/m3.

[000114] Furthermore, the compacting process can be enhanced in multiple ways. For example, food waste collected in the food bin is heated electrically to release the moisture from the compacted waste, leading to higher compaction of food waste. In another example, the paper waste collected in the paper bin can be first made wet by sprinkling water in the paper bin and letting paper garbage soak water for few hours before compression starts. Compaction of paper is better if the paper is slightly wet. After compaction, paper waste can be dried again by electrically heating paper bin. Compaction of garbage can also be improved by shredding garbage before compression, which can be implemented by adding a shredding unit near the opening of each bin. As such, all the aforementioned embodiments are well within the ambit of the present disclosure.

[000115] In one embodiment, the apparatus can be de-odorized to dispel any foul smell of garbage. In yet another embodiment, instead of a pulley mechanism for lifting bottom bin, a hydraulic scissor lift mechanism can also be used.

[000116] In other embodiments, the bins 9, 10, etc. can be configured to slide into each other up to varying extents - from partially to completely. All such configurations are well within the ambit of the current disclosure.

[000117] Pressure sensors can be used to detect the pressure imparted on the waste collected in bins 9, 10. The pressure sensors can be used in a closed loop with the motorized actuator to achieve a preset degree of compaction of garbage in the bins. Further, the apparatus can be monitored and controlled remotely using known techniques for example Smartphone Apps. Additionally, the apparatus can also be used like an IOT (Internet of Things) device and a network of such devices can be monitored and controlled remotely using a GIS (Geographic Information System) software. The GIS software can improve waste collection efficiency through optimized collection routes, when these IOT devices are used in a network. [000118] This concept of segregated waste material compression with the help of a single vertical actuator to compress garbage in‘n’ number of bins at one go where compression of garbage in bins takes place due to the sliding motion of one bin into another. The release motion of the bins is carried out by earth’s gravity and hence there is no additional actuator needed to release the bins from compressed position. This reduces overall cost of manufacturing such an apparatus. Therefore, a main advantage of the present invention is that the provided apparatus has less manufacturing cost.

[000119] This concept also allows the bins themselves to be used as compacting agents by allowing bins to slide into each other. Therefore, another advantage of the present invention is that the provided apparatus thus utilizes minimal components and takes up minimal floor space and volume.

[000120] This concept also uses power of hydraulics which can generate very high force within a small space and can be operated manually as well. This helps reduce operating cost of such this appliance. Also due to the high compression force generated by hydraulics, there is no need to shred the garbage prior to compression.

[000121] Another advantage of the present invention is that heating of the plastic waste helps not only to achieve higher compression ratio but also ensures retention of compacted shape once compressive force is withdrawn.

[000122] Draining moisture out of food waste by keeping it compressed under pressure for a few hours, not only helps to compress food waste but also reduce foul odor generated by microorganisms thriving on wet food waste

[000123] Mixing food waste with paper waste helps food waste to retain compressed shape after withdrawal of compressive force. Paper absorbs moisture from food waste and acts as a binding agent for the whole mixture of food and paper waste.

[000124] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.

Claims

im:

1. An apparatus for trash sorting and compacting, wherein said apparatus comprises of:

plurality of bins (9, 10) and a single vertical actuator (500A);

wherein said bins (9, 10) provided to collect and store waste materials;

wherein said bins (9, 10) positioned vertically one above another and provided an opening (1, 2) between said bins (9, 10) for allowing users to insert said waste materials in each said bins (9, 10);

wherein said bins (9, 10) configured to be used as compacting means by allowing said bins (9, 10) to slide into each other;

wherein said vertical actuator (500A) configured to move said bins (9, 10) in upward direction from its initial position and to slide into each other for compressing said waste materials within said bins (9, 10).

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apparatus further incudes a compression block (12) placed at top of said bins (9, 10); wherein said compression block (12) provided to slide one bin (10) in to bottom of said compression block (12), and an another bin (9) to slide in to bottom of the bin (10) while moving said bins (9, 10) thereby compressing said waste materials within said bins (9, 10).

3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein said bins (9, 10) capable of returning to the initial position after compression of said waste materials due to force of earth’s gravity by releasing the vertical actuator (500A).

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said apparatus includes a safety mechanism (700) configured to mechanically prevent said openings (1, 2) from opening during compression of said waste materials.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said apparatus includes a mechanism configured to empty said bins (9, 10) by pushing detachable bases (23, 32) of said bins (9, 10) from bottom of said bins (9, 10) and thereby allowing to remove the compressed waste materials.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste materials include food, paper and plastic, wherein said plastic waste materials heated using heating plates 35 to achieve higher compression, wherein said food and paper waste collected together in another bin (9) and plastic stored in said bin (10) separately for compression; and

wherein said food and paper waste stored together in another bin (9) to allow paper waste absorb moisture from food waste, become soft, and act as a binding agent for the whole mixture of food and paper waste, thereby helping in retaining the compacted shape.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said apparatus includes a removing mechanism configured to remove sticking plastic waste from the surface of heating plate (35) using nail-like projections coming out through the heating surface and pushing the stuck plastic waste.

8. An apparatus for trash sorting and compacting, wherein said apparatus comprises of:

at least two bins (9, 10) provided to collect and store waste materials separately, wherein the waste materials include biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste, wherein a first bin (9) provided to collect and store biodegradable waste and a second bin (10) provided to collect and store non-biodegradable waste; at least two openings provided to allow users to insert the waste materials in respective bins (9, 10);

characterized in that

wherein said apparatus includes a rigid structure (13) and a compression block (12);

wherein said rigid structure (13) configured to act as a main body of the apparatus and thereby enclosing the apparatus;

wherein said rigid structure (13) includes at least two linear guideways (14) configured to facilitate vertical movement of said bins (9, 10) along the linear guideways (14) for compression of the waste materials within said bins (9, 10); wherein the compression block (12) configured for enclosing an actuation mechanism and a heating mechanism;

wherein said actuation mechanism configured for actuating compression of the waste materials by the movement of said bins (9, 10) in vertical direction along said linear guideways (14); wherein said heating mechanism configured for heating the non-biodegradable waste material within the second bin (10) during the compression of said non-biodegradable waste material and thereby compacting the waste materials using the actuation and heating mechanism.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said apparatus includes a display panel (5), a hose outlet (8) and a front door (7);

wherein said display panel provided for displaying level of waste material in the bins (9, 10);

wherein said hose outlet (8) provided to eject by-products of compression of waste materials and wherein said front door (7) configured to allow the users to access the first bin (9) and the second bin (10) thereby taking out the bins (9,

10) and emptying when required.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 9, wherein said apparatus further includes bottom bin holding structure (15) connected to said rigid structure (13) via said guideways (14) and configured for embedding the bottom bin (9) within said bottom bin holding structure (15);

wherein said bottom bin holding structure (15) along with the bottom bin (9) moves vertically along the linear guideways (14), wherein said first bin forms the bottom bin (9);

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said apparatus further includes middle bin holding structure (16) connected to said rigid structure (13) via said guideways (14) and configured for embedding the middle bin (10) within said middle bin holding structure (16); and wherein said middle bin holding structure (16) along with the middle bin (10) moves vertically along the linear guideways (14), wherein said second bin forms the middle bin (10).

12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said compression block (12) connected to the rigid structure (13) via linear guideways (14) thereby facilitating the vertical movement along the linear guideways (14) and wherein said compression block (12) suspended from top using compression springs and bolts.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said bottom bin (9) includes pair of handles (21), a bottom bin removable plate (23) and a bottom bin top edge

(24);

wherein said pair of handles (21) provided at sides of the first bin (9) to allow the users to lift and pull out the first bin (9) by holding said handles (21) after opening the front door (7); and

wherein said bottom bin removable plate (23) connected at bottom face of the first bin (9) using a flexible chain and thereby resting against an edge (22) of the first bin (9);

wherein said bottom bin removable plate (23) configured for disposing the compressed biodegradable waste material by pushing said bottom bin removable plate (23);

wherein the bottom bin removable plate (23) includes thin perforations configured to drain moisture released from biodegradable waste materials during compression; and

wherein said bottom bin top edge (24) of the first bin (9) angled outwards and configured to allow the middle bin (10) to slide easily into the bottom bin (9).

14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, wherein said bottom bin holding structure (15) includes a bottom bin elevated edge (25), bottom bin linear guide blocks (19) and at least two hook-like protrusions (20); wherein said bottom bin linear guide blocks (19) provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways (14) of rigid structure (13) and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the bottom bin structure (15) along with the bottom bin (9);

wherein said at least two hook-like protrusions (20) provided on two opposite faces and connected to a cable mechanism, wherein said protrusions (20) configured to pull the bins against gravity and compress the waste materials therein; and

wherein said bottom bin elevated edge (25) provided near front of bottom bin holding structure (15) configured to prevent the bottom bin (9) from sliding sideways during compression.

15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said middle bin (10) includes pair of handles (29), a middle bin removable plate (32) and a middle bin top edge (30);

wherein said pair of handles (29) provided at sides of the middle bin (10) to allow the users to lift and pull out the middle bin (10) by holding said handles (29) after opening the front door (7); and

wherein said middle bin removable plate (32) connected at bottom face of the middle bin (10) using a flexible chain and thereby resting against an edge (31) of the middle bin (10);

wherein said middle bin removable plate (32) configured for disposing the compressed non-biodegradable waste material by pushing said middle bin removable plate (32); and

wherein said middle bin top edge (30) of the middle bin (10) angled outwards and configured to allow the compression block (12) to slide easily into the middle bin (10).

16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 15, wherein said middle bin holding structure 16 includes middle bin linear guide blocks (26), projecting edge (27) and middle bin elevated edge (28); wherein said middle bin linear guide blocks (26) provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways (14) of rigid structure (13) and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the middle bin holding structure (16) along with the middle bin (10);

wherein said projecting edge (27) provided on two opposite faces of middle bin holding structure (16) rest against an edge (36) of the rigid structure (13), wherein said projecting edge (27) configured to prevent middle bin (10) along with middle bin holding structure (16) from falling to the bottom due to gravity; and

wherein said middle bin elevated edge (28) provided near front of middle bin structure (16) configured to prevent the middle bin (10) from sliding sideways during compression.

17. The apparatus as claimed in claim 11, wherein said outer horizontal cross section of middle bin holding structure (16) is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the first bin (9) and thereby the second bin (10) along with the middle bin holding structure (16) entering into the first bin (9) through top when the bottom bin holding structure (15) along with the bottom bin (9) pulled up and compressing the biodegradable waste material dumped in the first bin (9); and

wherein outer horizontal cross section of compression block (12) is slightly smaller than the inner horizontal cross section of the middle bin (10) and thereby the compression block (12) entering into middle bin (10) through top when the middle bin holding structure (16) along with the middle bin (10) and bottom bin holding structure (15) along with the bottom bin (9) pulled up and compressing and heating the non-biodegradable waste material dumped in the second bin (10).

18. The apparatus as claimed in claim 12, wherein said compression block 12 includes linear guide blocks (33), a pair of compression springs (17) and a heating mechanism; wherein said heating mechanism includes heating coil elements (34), heating plate (35) and an insulating layer;

wherein said linear guide blocks (33) provided on two opposite faces engage with the linear guideways (14) of the rigid structure (13) and configured for ensuring smooth vertical movement of the compression block (12);

wherein said pair of compression springs (17) configured for providing reactive force to compression block (12) during the compression of waste materials; wherein said heating plate (35) provided at bottom face of the compression block (12);

wherein said heating coil elements (34) provided in contact with heating plate

(35) and configured for electrically heating the heating plate (35);

wherein said heating plate (35) configured to come in contact with non- biodegradable waste materials of middle bin (10) during compression and thereby softening the plastic for effective compression and compaction; and wherein said insulating layer sandwiched between the heating plate (35) and the compression block (12) configured to prevent heating of the entire compression block (12) and restricts heat to heating plate (35).

19. The apparatus as claimed in claim 18, wherein said apparatus further includes a mechanism configured to release plastic waste sticking to a heating plate (35), wherein said mechanism includes a fixing part (61), nail-like projections (62), fixtures (63), a motor (64), a cam like structure (65) and sensors (66);

wherein said nail-like projections 62 fixed on the fixing part (61);

wherein said fixing part (61) and said nail-like projections (62) configured to move vertically up and down through perforations provided on the heating plate 35 thereby penetrating the heating plate (35) and removing the plastic waste sticking to the heating plate (35);

wherein said fixtures provided to guide the vertical movement of said fixing part (61) and said nail-like projections (62); wherein said nail-like projections (62) includes compression springs provided to avoid the fixing part (61) from penetrating the heating plate (35) unless activated by the motor (64);

wherein said cam-like structure (65) provided on shaft of the motor (64) for pushing the fixing part (61) against spring force to penetrate the heating plate (35) when required;

wherein said sensor (66) provided to detect the position of the fixing part (61); and wherein said entire mechanism along with the heating plates (35) are fixed to the compression block (12) using bolts (60).

20. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said actuation mechanism includes a hydraulic bottle jack, pulleys and cables for transferring pulling force to the bins (9, 10) for vertical movement and thereby actuating compression of the waste materials.