WO2019105220A1 - 电声组件、电声装置及移动终端 - Google Patents

电声组件、电声装置及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019105220A1
WO2019105220A1 PCT/CN2018/115180 CN2018115180W WO2019105220A1 WO 2019105220 A1 WO2019105220 A1 WO 2019105220A1 CN 2018115180 W CN2018115180 W CN 2018115180W WO 2019105220 A1 WO2019105220 A1 WO 2019105220A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bottom plate
electroacoustic
diaphragm
magnet
circuit board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115180
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴连俊
Original Assignee
Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 filed Critical Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2019105220A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019105220A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic device technologies, and in particular, to an electroacoustic component, an electroacoustic device, and a mobile terminal.
  • Electroacoustic components are the main components for playing sounds in mobile terminals.
  • moving coil electroacoustic components are the most common types of electroacoustic components used in mobile terminals.
  • the thickness of the electroacoustic component is small, and the sound emitted by the source cannot be processed inside the electroacoustic component, and the sound quality of the sound emitted by the electroacoustic component is not good, which affects the user experience. .
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide an electroacoustic component, an electroacoustic device, and a mobile terminal, which are used to solve the problem that the sound quality of the sound emitted by the electroacoustic component in the prior art is poor and affects the user experience.
  • the present application provides an electroacoustic component that is fixed on a circuit board, and the electro-acoustic component includes:
  • a speaker unit comprising a bottom plate, an inner frame and a diaphragm, wherein the inner frame is fixed on the bottom plate, the bottom plate is used for fixedly connecting the circuit board, and a circumference of the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the inner frame Forming an acoustic cavity between the inner frame and the diaphragm;
  • An outer frame is disposed on a circumference side of the speaker unit, and the outer frame includes an outer top plate, an outer bottom plate, and an outer side plate connected between the outer top plate and the outer bottom plate, wherein the outer top plate abuts the vibration plate a rear sound chamber is formed between the outer top panel, the outer side panel, the outer bottom panel and the inner frame, and the inner frame is provided with a leak hole for communicating the rear sound chamber and the sounding chamber
  • the vertical distance between the outer bottom plate and the outer top plate is smaller than the vertical distance between the diaphragm and the bottom plate.
  • the vertical projection of the inner frame around the bottom plate forms a closed pattern.
  • the speaker unit protrudes from the outer bottom plate to form a boss structure from a direction in which the diaphragm is directed to the bottom plate.
  • the leak hole is located between the vertical projection of the outer top panel and the outer bottom panel.
  • the speaker unit further includes a driving component, the driving component is received in the sounding cavity, the driving component includes a first driving component and a second driving component, and the first driving component is fixed
  • the second driving member is fixed to the diaphragm on the bottom plate or the inner frame, and the second driving member is configured to vibrate relative to the first driving member to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.
  • the first driving member is a magnet
  • the second driving member is a coil
  • the first driving member includes a first magnet and a second magnet
  • the first magnet is fixed to the inner frame Upper
  • the second magnet is fixed on the bottom plate
  • the second driving member is located between the first magnet and the second magnet
  • the second driving member is electrically connected to the driving circuit
  • the driving A circuit is used to drive the second drive member to vibrate.
  • the first magnet includes a first sidewall facing the diaphragm, and an inner wall of the leak hole is flush with the first sidewall.
  • the leak hole includes a first leak hole and a second leak hole, and the first leak hole is located between the vertical projection of the first magnet and the diaphragm of the first magnet, The second leak hole is located between the vertical projection of the first magnet and the outer bottom plate of the first magnet.
  • the first leak hole and the second leak hole are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the first driving member.
  • the first magnet includes a first sidewall facing the diaphragm, an inner wall of the first leak hole is flush with the first sidewall; and the first magnet further includes a surface An inner wall of the second leak hole is flush with the second side wall of the second side wall of the bottom plate.
  • the diaphragm is provided with pleats between the circumference and the geometric center, the pleats extending along the circumference of the diaphragm, and the second drive member is fixedly coupled to the pleats.
  • the electroacoustic component further includes sound absorbing particles, and the sound absorbing particles are filled in the rear sound chamber.
  • the electroacoustic assembly further includes a screen disposed in the rear sound chamber to prevent the sound absorbing particles from entering the leak hole.
  • a vertical projection of the screen on the speaker unit covers the leak hole, the size of the screen being larger than the size of the leak hole.
  • a support rod is disposed in the leak hole, and the screen is attached to the support rod, and the support rod is used to reinforce the screen.
  • the support rod and the sound absorbing particles are respectively located on opposite sides of the screen, such that the support rod is away from the side of the screen against the sound absorbing particles.
  • the screen mesh provides support to prevent the screen from deforming and falling off.
  • the present application also provides an electroacoustic device comprising a circuit board and the electroacoustic assembly, the bottom plate being fixedly connected to the circuit board, the circuit board being provided with a driving circuit for driving the diaphragm to vibrate and sound.
  • the circuit board includes a first surface, the circuit board is provided with a receiving slot that is recessed in the first surface, and the speaker unit is at least partially received in the receiving slot, the outer The bottom plate contacts the first surface.
  • the circuit board is a flexible circuit board, and a gap is provided between the outer bottom board and the circuit board, and the gap is used to provide space for the circuit board to be bent.
  • the application also provides a mobile terminal comprising the electro-acoustic device.
  • the sounding chamber and the rear sound chamber communicate through the leak hole, and the friction between the sound absorbing particles in the rear sound chamber consumes the energy of the sound wave, changes the vibration effect of the gas, changes the characteristics of the sound wave, and optimizes the electroacoustic component.
  • the sound quality of the emitted sound enhances the user experience;
  • the bottom plate of the speaker unit protrudes from the outer bottom plate of the outer frame, the bottom plate is used to connect the circuit board, and there is a gap between the outer bottom plate and the circuit board.
  • the gap can be used for
  • the other electronic devices are placed to improve the space utilization, which facilitates the internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the circuit board is a flexible circuit board
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend, which facilitates the internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroacoustic component according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a speaker unit of an electroacoustic assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a rear sound chamber of an electroacoustic assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of an electroacoustic assembly of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electroacoustic component according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a speaker unit of an electroacoustic assembly according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a rear sound chamber of an electroacoustic component according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electroacoustic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an electroacoustic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electroacoustic component 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present application includes a speaker unit 20 and an outer frame 32 .
  • the speaker unit 20 includes an inner frame 22, a bottom plate 28 and a diaphragm 24, and the inner frame 22 is fixed on the bottom plate 28.
  • the peripheral edge of the diaphragm 24 is fixedly connected to the inner frame 22, the bottom plate 28, the inner frame 22 and
  • a sounding chamber 1000 is formed between the diaphragms 24, and a driving member is provided in the sounding chamber 1000, and the driving member is used to drive the diaphragm 24 to vibrate.
  • the inner frame 22 is fixed to the bottom plate 28 by welding or the like.
  • the inner frame 22 has a certain strength, and the inner frame 22 may be a plastic member or a metal member.
  • the vertical projection of the inner frame 22 surrounds the vertical projection of the bottom plate 28 to form a closed pattern. It can also be understood that the inner frame 22 surrounds the hollow cylinder.
  • One end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 28, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 24, in other words, Both ends of the cylindrical body (inner frame 22) are sealed by the diaphragm 24 and the bottom plate 28, respectively, thereby forming a casing.
  • the diaphragm 24 is fixed to the inner wall of the inner frame 22 by adhesive bonding or the like, and the inner frame 22 stretches and stretches the diaphragm 24.
  • the bottom plate 28 is used to fix the connection circuit board 10, thereby fixing the speaker unit 20 to the circuit board 10.
  • the bottom plate 28 is fixed to the circuit board 10 by soldering. In other embodiments, the bottom plate 28 can also be adhered to the circuit board 10 by adhesive.
  • the driving member is housed in the sounding chamber 1000, and the driving member moves under the control of the driving circuit, thereby causing the diaphragm 24 to vibrate, that is, emitting a sound, and the vibration of the diaphragm 24 causes the air around the diaphragm 24 to vibrate, thereby Spread the sound outward.
  • the speaker unit 20 emits different sounds according to factors such as the frequency, amplitude, and the like of the vibration of the diaphragm 24 by the drive circuit.
  • the outer frame 32 is located on the circumferential side of the speaker unit 20 , the rear frame 2000 is formed between the outer frame 32 and the inner frame 22 , and the inner frame 22 is provided with a leakage hole 40 .
  • the leak hole 40 is located between the diaphragm 24 and the bottom plate 28, and the leak hole 40 communicates with the sound chamber 2000 and the sound chamber 1000.
  • the outer frame 32 includes an outer top plate 322, an outer bottom plate 326 and an outer side plate 324.
  • the outer top plate 322 abuts the diaphragm 24, and the outer top plate 322 is flush with the diaphragm 24, and the outer plate 324 is connected to the outer top plate 322.
  • a rear sound chamber 2000 is formed between the inner frame 22, the outer top plate 322, the outer side plate 324 and the outer bottom plate 326, and the distance between the outer side plate 324 and the inner frame 22 is greater than the distance from the outer bottom plate 326 to the outer top plate 322. Therefore, the rear sound chamber 2000 is formed on the side of the speaker unit 20, and the thickness of the electroacoustic assembly 100 is reduced, which is advantageous for the slim design of the mobile terminal.
  • the leak hole 40 is a round hole or a strip hole.
  • the vertical distance between the outer bottom plate 326 and the outer top plate 322 is smaller than the vertical distance between the diaphragm 24 and the bottom plate 28.
  • the speaker unit 20 forms a structure projecting from the outer bottom plate 326, that is, the bottom plate 28 protrudes from the outer bottom plate 326 to form a boss-like structure.
  • the bottom plate 28 is used to connect the circuit board 10, and there is a gap between the outer bottom plate 326 and the circuit board 10.
  • the gap can be used for placing other electronic devices, improving space utilization, and facilitating internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the circuit board 10 is a flexible circuit board
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend, facilitating the internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the speaker unit 20 is used to vibrate to emit sound waves to form a sound, and the vibration of the speaker unit 20 causes vibration of air or gas in the sounding chamber 1000, and the speaker unit 20 is placed in the outer frame 32.
  • a rear sound chamber 2000 is formed between the body 20 and the outer frame 32, and the sound chamber 2000 is filled with sound absorbing particles 74.
  • the leak hole 40 allows the rear sound chamber 2000 to communicate with the sounding chamber 1000 inside the speaker unit 20, and the screen 50 is disposed at In the rear chamber 2000, to prevent the sound absorbing particles 74 from entering the leak hole 40, the vertical projection of the screen 50 on the speaker unit 20 covers the leak hole 40, and the size of the screen 50 is larger than the size of the leak hole 40.
  • the leak hole 40 communicates with the sound chamber 1000 and the rear sound chamber 2000.
  • the gas in the sound chamber 1000 is vibrated to compress or stretch; when the gas is compressed, the gas enters the sound chamber through the leak hole 40 from the sound chamber 1000.
  • the cavity 2000 causes the sound absorbing particles 74 in the rear sound chamber 2000 to vibrate, and the friction between the sound absorbing particles 74 consumes the energy of the sound wave, changes the vibration effect of the gas, and changes the characteristics of the sound wave; when the gas is stretched, the gas passes through the leak hole. 40 enters the sounding chamber 1000 from the rear sound chamber 2000, and affects the characteristics of the sound waves propagating outward from the diaphragm 24, thereby optimizing the sound quality effect of the sound emitted by the electroacoustic unit 100.
  • the sounding chamber 1000 and the rear sound chamber 2000 communicate with each other through the leak hole 40.
  • the friction between the sound absorbing particles 74 in the rear sound chamber 2000 consumes the energy of the sound wave, changes the vibration effect of the gas, changes the characteristics of the sound wave, and optimizes the sound emitting device 100 to emit
  • the sound quality of the sound enhances the user experience;
  • the bottom plate 28 of the speaker unit 20 protrudes from the outer bottom plate 326 of the outer frame 32, the bottom plate 28 is used to connect the circuit board 10, and there is a gap between the outer bottom plate 326 and the circuit board 10,
  • the gap can be used to place other electronic devices, improve space utilization, and facilitate internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the circuit board 10 is a flexible circuit board
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend, which is beneficial to the flexible circuit board.
  • Mobile device internal device layout is beneficial to the flexible circuit board.
  • the driving member includes a first driving member 262 and a second driving member 264.
  • the first driving member 262 is fixed to the bottom plate 28 or the inner frame 22, and the second driving member 264 is fixed to the diaphragm 24,
  • the two driving members 264 are used for vibrating relative to the first driving member 262 to drive the diaphragm 24 to vibrate.
  • the first driving member 262 and the second driving member 264 are relatively moved under the driving of the driving circuit on the circuit board 10, and the first driving member 262 is fixed to the bottom plate 28 or the inner frame by welding or fastener connection or the like. 22, the second driving member 264 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 24 by welding or fastener connection.
  • the first driving member 262 is a magnet
  • the second driving member 264 is a coil
  • the first driving member 262 includes a first magnet 262a and a second magnet 262b
  • the first magnet 262a is fixed to the inner frame.
  • the second magnet 262b is fixed on the bottom plate 28
  • the second driving member 264 is located between the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b
  • the second driving member 264 is electrically connected to the circuit board 10.
  • the circuit board 10 is provided.
  • the driving circuit is for driving the second driving member 264 to vibrate.
  • the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b are permanent magnets, and a stable magnetic field constant magnetic field is formed between the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b, and the coil is located in the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b.
  • the current changing in the coil causes the coil to receive a force in the magnetic field, so that the coil drives the diaphragm 24 to vibrate together.
  • the first magnet 262a is fixed to the inner frame 22
  • the second magnet 262b is located inside the first magnet 262a, and there is a space between the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b to place the coil.
  • the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b may also be electromagnets, that is, the magnitudes of the magnetic forces of the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b are based on the magnitude of the current flowing through the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b.
  • the change causes the coil or diaphragm 24 to vibrate relative to the first drive member 262 by changing the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field of the first magnet 262a and the second magnet 262b.
  • the leak hole 40 is located between the vertical projection of the inner top frame 22 and the outer bottom plate 326 of the outer top plate 322. Specifically, the leak hole 40 communicates with the sounding chamber 1000 and the rear sound chamber 2000. In other words, the leak hole 40 is disposed at a portion of the inner frame 22 between the outer top plate 322 and the outer bottom plate 326. In one embodiment, the first magnet 262a is at least partially located at a portion of the speaker unit 20 protruding from the outer bottom plate 326 such that the leakage hole 40 is disposed at a portion of the inner frame 22 between the outer top plate 322 and the outer bottom plate 326. Under the premise of the size of the sound chamber 2000, the thickness of the rear sound chamber 2000 can be adjusted to change the thickness of the entire electroacoustic assembly 100, which is advantageous for the design of the electroacoustic assembly 100 being thin and light.
  • the diaphragm 24 is provided with pleats 72 between the periphery and the geometric center.
  • the pleats 72 extend in the circumferential direction of the diaphragm 24.
  • the pleats 72 reduce the tension of the diaphragm 24, so that the diaphragm 24 is more susceptible to deformation vibration in a region near the geometric center.
  • the pleats 72 are fixedly coupled to the second driving member 264 to facilitate the deformation of the diaphragm 24 by the second driving member 264.
  • the material of the diaphragm 24 may be paper, fiber material, metal material, wool material, silk material or the like.
  • the electroacoustic component 100 further includes sound absorbing particles 74 , and the sound absorbing particles 74 are filled in the rear sound chamber 2000 .
  • the electroacoustic assembly 100 further includes a screen 50 disposed in the rear chamber 2000, the screen 50 being secured to the inner frame 22, and the screen 50 covering the leak aperture 40.
  • the screen 50 is a gauze.
  • the inner frame 22 includes an outer wall surface 220 that faces the rear sound chamber 2000, and the gauze may be an opening that covers the leak hole 40 at the outer wall surface 220.
  • the leakage hole 40 is covered by the screen 50 to prevent the sound absorbing particles 74 from entering the sounding chamber 1000, thereby avoiding affecting the sound of the speaker unit 20.
  • the screen 50 covers the leak hole 40, so that the sound absorbing particles 74 can be completely filled in the rear sound chamber 2000 without first packing the sound absorbing particles 74 and then placing them in the rear sound chamber 2000, thereby improving the electroacoustic component.
  • the sound quality of 100 reduces the production cost of the electroacoustic component 100.
  • the leakage hole 40 is provided with a support rod 400 , and the screen 50 is attached to the support rod 400 for reinforcing the connection between the screen 50 and the outer wall surface 220 .
  • the support rod 400 assists the leveling screen 50
  • the supporting rod 400 and the sound absorbing particles 74 are respectively located on opposite sides of the screen 50, and the sound absorbing particles 74 are pressed against the screen 50 due to gravity or product shaking. If the pressing force is too large, the screen 50 is detached from the outer wall surface 220, and the supporting rod 400 provides a supporting force from the side of the screen 50 away from the sound absorbing particles 74 to the screen 50 to prevent the screen 50 from being deformed and falling off.
  • the maintenance cycle of the product reduces the maintenance cost of the product.
  • the number of support bars 400 is two and is disposed in an intersecting manner.
  • the electroacoustic component 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present application is different from the first embodiment in that the leakage hole 40 includes a first leakage hole 42 and a second leakage hole 44 , and the first leakage hole 42 is located between the vertical projection of the inner frame 22 and the diaphragm 24 of the first magnet 262a, and the second leakage hole 44 is located between the vertical projection of the inner frame 22 and the outer bottom plate 326 of the first magnet 262a.
  • the first leakage hole 42 cooperates with the second leakage hole 44 to increase the gas exchange rate between the sounding cavity 1000 and the rear sound cavity 2000, which is advantageous for improving the sound quality improvement effect.
  • the first magnet 262a is located at a portion of the inner frame 22 corresponding to the rear sound chamber 2000, and the first leak hole 42 and the second leak hole 44 are respectively located at two sides of the first magnet 262a, and the first magnet 262a will be the first leak.
  • the hole 42 is spaced apart from the second leak hole 44, and gas is exchanged with the rear sound chamber 2000 from different positions of the sounding chamber 1000, so that the gas exchange effect in the sounding chamber 1000 is uniform, which is advantageous for the sound quality improvement effect.
  • the first magnet 262a includes a first side wall 2622 facing the diaphragm 24, and the inner wall of the first leak hole 42 is flush with the first side wall 2622, thereby maximizing the size of the first leak hole 42.
  • a leak hole 42 is located between the diaphragm 24 and the vertical projection of the first magnet 262a in the inner frame 22. Without increasing the strength of the frame, increasing the size of the first leak hole 42 is advantageous for increasing gas in and out per unit time.
  • the amount of the sound chamber 2000 and the sound chamber 1000 that is, the speed of the sound chamber 2000 and the sound chamber 1000 after the gas enters and exits, thereby enhancing the sound quality enhancement effect of the sound chamber 2000 on the electroacoustic unit 100.
  • the first magnet 262 a further includes a second sidewall 2624 facing the bottom plate 28 , and the inner wall of the second leak hole 44 is flush with the second sidewall 2624 to maximize the second leak.
  • the size of the hole 44, the second leak hole 44 is located between the first magnet 262a and the circuit board 10, without affecting the strength of the frame, increasing the size of the second leak hole 44 is advantageous for increasing the gas in and out after a unit of time.
  • the volume of the sound chamber 2000 and the sound chamber 1000 that is, the velocity of the sound chamber 2000 and the sound chamber 1000 after the gas enters and exits, thereby enhancing the sound quality enhancement effect of the sound chamber 2000 on the electroacoustic unit 100.
  • the sounding chamber 1000 and the rear sound chamber 2000 communicate with each other through the leak hole 40.
  • the friction between the sound absorbing particles 74 in the rear sound chamber 2000 consumes the energy of the sound wave, changes the vibration effect of the gas, changes the characteristics of the sound wave, and optimizes the sound emitting device 100 to emit
  • the sound quality of the sound enhances the user experience;
  • the bottom plate 28 of the speaker unit 20 protrudes from the outer bottom plate 326 of the outer frame 32, the bottom plate 28 is used to connect the circuit board 10, and there is a gap between the outer bottom plate 326 and the circuit board 10,
  • the gap can be used to place other electronic devices, improve space utilization, and facilitate internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the circuit board 10 is a flexible circuit board
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend, which is beneficial to the flexible circuit board.
  • Mobile device internal device layout is beneficial to the flexible circuit board.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electroacoustic device 200 including a circuit board 10 and an electroacoustic component 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the bottom plate 28 is fixedly connected to the circuit board 10 , and the circuit board is 10 is provided with a driving circuit for driving the diaphragm 24 to vibrate and sound.
  • the circuit board 10 is a printed circuit board (PCB).
  • the circuit board 10 can also be a flexible printed circuit (FPC), and the circuit board 10 is provided with a driving circuit.
  • the driving circuit is used to drive the speaker unit 20 to sound.
  • the circuit board 10 may be a motherboard of the mobile terminal.
  • the gap can be used for placing other electronic devices, improving space utilization, facilitating internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal, and on the other hand, when the circuit board 10 is a flexible circuit board.
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend, which facilitates the internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal.
  • the circuit board 10 includes a first surface 104 .
  • the circuit board 10 is provided with a receiving slot 102 that is recessed in the first surface 104 .
  • the speaker unit 20 is at least partially received in the receiving slot 102 .
  • the bottom plate 326 contacts the first surface 104.
  • the receiving groove 102 is a groove formed on the surface of the circuit board 10.
  • the depth of the receiving groove 102 is the same as the size of the speaker unit 20 protruding from the outer bottom plate 326, and the speaker unit 20 is convex. The portions of the outer bottom plate 326 are all housed in the receiving groove 102.
  • the total thickness of the circuit board 10 and the electroacoustic assembly 100 (the thickness of the electroacoustic device 200) is the sum of the thicknesses of the circuit board 10 and the rear sound chamber 2000.
  • the thickness of the electroacoustic device 200 is reduced, which is advantageous for the design of the electroacoustic device 200 being thin and light.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a mobile terminal 300, which includes the electro-acoustic device 200 provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobile terminal 300 further includes a housing 92, and the electroacoustic device 200 is fixed to the bottom end of the housing 92.
  • the mobile terminal 300 can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, or the like.
  • the sounding chamber 1000 and the rear sound chamber 2000 communicate with each other through the leak hole 40.
  • the friction between the sound absorbing particles 74 in the rear sound chamber 2000 consumes the energy of the sound wave, changes the vibration effect of the gas, changes the characteristics of the sound wave, and optimizes the sound emitting device 100 to emit
  • the sound quality of the sound enhances the user experience;
  • the bottom plate 28 of the speaker unit 20 protrudes from the outer bottom plate 326 of the outer frame 32, the bottom plate 28 is used to connect the circuit board 10, and there is a gap between the outer bottom plate 326 and the circuit board 10,
  • the gap can be used to place other electronic devices, improve space utilization, and facilitate internal device placement of the mobile terminal 300.
  • the circuit board 10 is a flexible circuit board
  • the gap provides space for the flexible circuit board to bend. The internal device arrangement of the mobile terminal 300 is facilitated.

Abstract

本申请公布了一种电声组件，固定于电路板上，包括：扬声器单体，包括底板、内框架及振膜，所述内框架固定于所述底板上，所述底板用于固定连接所述电路板，所述振膜的周缘固定连接于所述内框架上，所述内框架与所述振膜之间形成发声腔；外框架，位于所述扬声器单体的周侧，所述外框架包括外顶板、外底板及连接于所述外顶板与所述外底板之间的外侧板，所述外顶板抵接所述振膜，所述外顶板、所述外侧板、所述外底板及所述内框架之间形成后音腔，所述内框架上设有泄漏孔用于连通所述后音腔与所述发声腔，所述外底板与所述外顶板的垂直距离小于所述振膜与所述底板的垂直距离。本申请还公布了一种电声装置及移动终端。优化了电声组件的音质效果。

Description

电声组件、电声装置及移动终端
本申请要求于2017年11月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711244141.8、发明名称为“电声组件、电声装置及移动终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，上述在先申请的内容以引入的方式并入本文本中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电声组件、电声装置及移动终端。
背景技术
随着移动终端产品的应用越来越广泛，移动终端的功能也越来越多样化。移动终端不再仅仅是通话的工具，同时也是播放视频、音乐的娱乐设备，因此，移动终端播放音乐的音质效果也极大的影响着用户的体验。电声组件是移动终端播放声音的主要器件，目前，动圈式的电声组件是应用于移动终端上最常见的电声组件类型。
现有技术中，为了满足移动终端轻薄化的设计，电声组件的厚度较小，电声组件内部无法对发生源发出的声音进行处理，电声组件发出的声音的音质不佳，影响用户体验。
发明内容
本申请要解决的技术问题是提供一种电声组件、电声装置及移动终端，用以解决现有技术中电声组件发出的声音的音质不佳，影响用户体验的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本申请提供一种电声组件，固定于电路板上，所述电声组件包括：
扬声器单体，包括底板、内框架及振膜，所述内框架固定于所述底板上，所述底板用于固定连接所述电路板，所述振膜的周缘固定连接于所述内框架上，所述内框架与所述振膜之间形成发声腔；
外框架，位于所述扬声器单体的周侧，所述外框架包括外顶板、外底板及 连接于所述外顶板与所述外底板之间的外侧板，所述外顶板抵接所述振膜，所述外顶板、所述外侧板、所述外底板及所述内框架之间形成后音腔，所述内框架上设有泄漏孔用于连通所述后音腔与所述发声腔，所述外底板与所述外顶板的垂直距离小于所述振膜与所述底板的垂直距离。
一种实施方式中，所述内框架在所述底板的垂直投影环绕形成封闭的图形。
一种实施方式中，自所述振膜指向所述底板的方向，所述扬声器单体凸出于所述外底板形成凸台结构。
一种实施方式中，所述泄漏孔位于所述外顶板在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述外底板之间。
一种实施方式中，所述扬声器单体还包括驱动件，所述驱动件收容于所述发声腔内，所述驱动件包括第一驱动件与第二驱动件，所述第一驱动件固定于所述底板或所述内框架上，所述第二驱动件固定于所述振膜，所述第二驱动件用于相对所述第一驱动件振动，以带动所述振膜振动发声。
一种实施方式中，所述第一驱动件为磁体，所述第二驱动件为线圈，所述第一驱动件包括第一磁体与第二磁体，所述第一磁体固定于所述内框架上，所述第二磁体固定于所述底板上，所述第二驱动件位于所述第一磁体与所述第二磁体之间，所述第二驱动件电连接至驱动电路，所述驱动电路用于驱动所述第二驱动件振动。
一种实施方式中，所述第一磁体包括面对所述振膜的第一侧壁，所述泄漏孔的内壁与所述第一侧壁平齐。
一种实施方式中，所述泄漏孔包括第一泄漏孔与第二泄漏孔，所述第一泄漏孔位于所述第一磁体在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述振膜之间，所述第二泄漏孔位于所述第一磁体在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述外底板之间。
一种实施方式中，所述第一泄漏孔与所述第二泄漏孔对称分布于所述第一驱动件的两侧。
一种实施方式中，所述第一磁体包括面对所述振膜的第一侧壁，所述第一泄漏孔的内壁与所述第一侧壁平齐；所述第一磁体还包括面对所述底板的第二侧壁，所述第二泄漏孔的内壁与所述第二侧壁平齐。
一种实施方式中，所述振膜在周缘和几何中心之间设有褶皱，所述褶皱沿所述振膜的周向延伸，所述第二驱动件固定连接至所述褶皱。
一种实施方式中，所述电声组件还包括吸声颗粒，所述吸声颗粒填充于所述后音腔内。
一种实施方式中，所述电声组件还包括筛网，所述筛网设于所述后音腔内，以阻止所述吸声颗粒进入所述泄漏孔。
一种实施方式中，所述筛网在所述扬声器单体上的垂直投影覆盖所述泄漏孔，所述筛网的尺寸大于所述泄漏孔的尺寸。
一种实施方式中，所述泄漏孔内设有支承杆，所述筛网贴合于所述支承杆，所述支承杆用于加固所述筛网。
一种实施方式中，所述支承杆与所述吸声颗粒分别位于所述筛网的相对的两侧，以使所述支承杆从所述筛网背离所述吸声颗粒的一侧向所述筛网提供支撑力，避免所述筛网形变而脱落。
本申请还提供一种电声装置，包括电路板及所述的电声组件，所述底板固定连接所述电路板，所述电路板设有驱动电路用于驱动所述振膜振动发声。
一种实施方式中，所述电路板包括第一表面，所述电路板设有内陷于所述第一表面的收容槽，所述扬声器单体至少部分收容于所述收容槽内，所述外底板接触所述第一表面。
一种实施方式中，所述电路板为柔性电路板，所述外底板与所述电路板之间设有间隙，所述间隙用于提供空间以供所述电路板弯折。
本申请还提供一种移动终端，包括所述的电声装置。
本申请的有益效果如下：发声腔与后音腔通过泄漏孔连通，后音腔内的吸声颗粒之间的摩擦消耗声波的能量，改变气体的振动效果，改变声波的特性，优化电声组件发出的声音的音质效果，提高用户体验；扬声器单体的底板凸出于外框架的外底板，底板用于连接电路板，外底板与电路板之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端内部器件布置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的明显变形方式。
图1为本申请实施例一提供的电声组件的结构示意图。
图2为本申请实施例一提供的电声组件的扬声器单体的示意图。
图3为本申请实施例一提供的电声组件的后音腔的示意图。
图4为一种实施方式的电声组件的部分放大截面示意图。
图5为本申请实施例二提供的电声组件的结构示意图。
图6为本申请实施例二提供的电声组件的扬声器单体的示意图。
图7为本申请实施例二提供的电声组件的后音腔的示意图。
图8为本申请实施例提供的电声装置的一种实施方式的示意图。
图9为本申请实施例提供的电声装置的另一种实施方式的示意图。
图10为本申请实施例提供的移动终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请一并参阅图1、图2及图3，本申请实施例一提供的电声组件100包括扬声器单体20和外框架32。本实施例中，扬声器单体20包括内框架22、底板28及振膜24，内框架22固定于底板28上，振膜24的周缘固定连接于内框架22上，底板28、内框架22及振膜24之间形成发声腔1000，发声腔1000内设有驱动件，驱动件用于驱动振膜24振动。具体到图2，内框架22通过焊接等方式固定于底板28上，内框架22具有一定的强度，内框架22可以是塑胶件，也可以是金属件。内框架22在底板28的垂直投影环绕形成一个封闭的图形，也可以理解为，内框架22环绕形成中空的筒体，筒体的一端固定连接底板28，另一端固定连接振膜24，换言之，筒体(内框架22)的两端开口分别被振膜24和底板28封上，从而形成一个盒体。本实施例中，振膜24通过粘胶粘贴等方式固定于内框架22的内壁上，并且内框架22将振膜24拉伸展平。本实施例中，底板28用于固定连接电路板10， 从而将扬声器单体20固定于电路板10上。一种实施方式中，底板28通过焊接的方式固定于电路板10上，其他实施方式中，底板28也可以通过粘胶粘贴于电路板10上。
请继续参阅图2，驱动件收容于发声腔1000内，驱动件在驱动电路的控制下运动，从而致使振膜24振动，即发出声音，振膜24振动引起振膜24周围的空气振动，从而使声音向外传播。进一步的，根据驱动电路改变振膜24振动的频率、振幅等因素，使扬声器单体20发出不同的声音。
请参阅图1和图3，本实施例中，外框架32位于扬声器单体20的周侧，外框架32和内框架22之间形成后音腔2000，内框架22上设有泄漏孔40，泄漏孔40位于振膜24与底板28之间，泄漏孔40连通后音腔2000与发声腔1000。具体到图3，外框架32包括外顶板322、外底板326及外侧板324，外顶板322与振膜24抵接，并且外顶板322与振膜24齐平，外侧板324连接于外顶板322与外底板326之间，内框架22、外顶板322、外侧板324及外底板326之间形成后音腔2000，外侧板324至内框架22的距离大于外底板326至外顶板322的距离，从而使后音腔2000形成于扬声器单体20的侧边，减小电声组件100的厚度尺寸，利于移动终端的轻薄化设计。一种实施方式中，泄漏孔40为圆孔或条形孔。本实施例中，外底板326与外顶板322的垂直距离小于振膜24与底板28的垂直距离。具体的，扬声器单体20形成一个从外底板326凸出的结构，即底板28凸出于外底板326，形成类似凸台的结构。底板28用于连接电路板10，外底板326与电路板10之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板10为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端内部器件布置。
具体到图1，扬声器单体20用于振动发出声波，从而形成声音，扬声器单体20的振动引起发声腔1000内的空气或气体的振动，扬声器单体20置于外框架32中，扬声器单体20与外框架32之间形成后音腔2000，后音腔2000内填充吸声颗粒74，泄漏孔40使得后音腔2000与扬声器单体20内部的发声腔1000连通，筛网50设于后音腔2000内，以阻止吸声颗粒74进入泄漏孔40，筛网50在扬声器单体20上的垂直投影覆盖泄漏孔40，筛网50的尺寸大于泄漏孔40的尺寸。泄漏孔40连通发声腔1000与后音腔2000，扬声器单体20工作时，发声腔1000内的气体 被振动而压缩或拉伸；压缩气体时，气体通过泄漏孔40从发声腔1000进入后音腔2000，并引起后音腔2000内的吸声颗粒74振动，吸声颗粒74之间的摩擦消耗声波的能量，改变气体的振动效果，改变声波的特性；拉伸气体时，气体通过泄漏孔40从后音腔2000进入发声腔1000，并影响振膜24向外传播的声波的特性，从而优化电声组件100发出的声音的音质效果。
发声腔1000与后音腔2000通过泄漏孔40连通，后音腔2000内的吸声颗粒74之间的摩擦消耗声波的能量，改变气体的振动效果，改变声波的特性，优化电声组件100发出的声音的音质效果，提高用户体验；扬声器单体20的底板28凸出于外框架32的外底板326，底板28用于连接电路板10，外底板326与电路板10之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板10为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端内部器件布置。
请参阅图1和图2，驱动件包括第一驱动件262与第二驱动件264，第一驱动件262固定于底板28或内框架22上，第二驱动件264固定于振膜24，第二驱动件264用于相对第一驱动件262振动，以带动振膜24振动发声。具体的，第一驱动件262与第二驱动件264将在电路板10上的驱动电路的驱动下相对运动，第一驱动件262通过焊接或紧固件连接等方式固定于底板28或内框架22上，第二驱动件264通过焊接或紧固件连接等方式固定连接振膜24，第一驱动件262相对第二驱动件264运动时，振膜24相对底板28及内框架22振动，即振膜24发声。
请参阅图2，本实施例中，第一驱动件262为磁体，第二驱动件264为线圈，第一驱动件262包括第一磁体262a与第二磁体262b，第一磁体262a固定于内框架2222上，第二磁体262b固定于底板28上，第二驱动件264位于第一磁体262a与第二磁体262b之间，第二驱动件264电连接至电路板10上的，电路板10设有驱动电路用于驱动第二驱动件264振动。具体的，第一磁体262a和第二磁体262b为永磁体，第一磁体262a与第二磁体262b之间形成稳定的、磁场方向不变的磁场，线圈位于第一磁体262a与第二磁体262b之间形成的磁场中，当电路板10的驱动电路向线圈输出变化的电流信号时，线圈内变化的电流使线圈在磁场中收到力的作用，从而使线圈带动振膜24一同振动。本实施例中，第一磁体262a固定于内框架22上，第二磁体262b位于第一磁体262a的内侧，第一磁体262a 和第二磁体262b之间存在间距，以放置线圈。一种实施方式中，第一磁体262a和第二磁体262b也可以为电磁体，即第一磁体262a和第二磁体262b的磁力大小根据流经第一磁体262a和第二磁体262b的电流大小二变化，从而通过改变第一磁体262a与第二磁体262b的磁场方向及大小使线圈或振膜24相对第一驱动件262振动。
请参阅图2，本实施例中，泄漏孔40位于外顶板322在内框架22的垂直投影与外底板326之间。具体的，泄漏孔40连通发声腔1000与后音腔2000，换言之，泄漏孔40设置于内框架22位于外顶板322与外底板326之间的部分。一种实施方式中，第一磁体262a至少部分位于扬声器单体20凸出外底板326的部分，以使泄漏孔40设置于内框架22位于外顶板322与外底板326之间的部分，在保证后音腔2000的尺寸的前提下，可以调节后音腔2000的厚度改变电声组件100整体的厚度，有利于电声组件100轻薄化的设计。
请参阅图1和图2，一种实施方式中，振膜24在周缘和几何中心之间设有褶皱72。褶皱72沿振膜24的周向延伸。褶皱72减小振膜24的张力，从而使得振膜24在靠近几何中心的区域更容易产生形变振动。褶皱72固定连接第二驱动件264，方便第二驱动件264带动振膜24产生形变。振膜24的材质可以是纸质、纤维材质、金属材质、羊毛材质、蚕丝材质等。
请参阅图1，本实施例中，电声组件100还包括吸声颗粒74，吸声颗粒74填充于后音腔2000内。电声组件100还包括筛网50，筛网50设于后音腔2000内，筛网50固定于内框架22上，且筛网50覆盖泄漏孔40。一种实施方式中，筛网50为纱布。内框架22包括面对后音腔2000的外壁面220，纱布可以是遮盖泄漏孔40在外壁面220的开口。通过筛网50遮盖泄漏孔40，避免吸声颗粒74进入发声腔1000，避免影响扬声器单体20发声。筛网50遮盖泄漏孔40，使得吸声颗粒74可以完全填充于后音腔2000内，而不需要先对吸声颗粒74进行封装后再放置于后音腔2000内，既提升了电声组件100的音质，又减少了电声组件100的生产成本。
请参阅图4，一种实施方式中，泄漏孔40内设有支承杆400，筛网50贴合支承杆400，支承杆400用于加固筛网50与外壁面220的连接。具体的，支承杆400辅助撑平筛网50，支承杆400与吸声颗粒74分别位于筛网50的相对的两侧，吸 声颗粒74由于自身重力或产品摇晃产生对筛网50的挤压力，若挤压力过大会导致筛网50从外壁面220脱落，支承杆400从筛网50背离吸声颗粒74的一侧向筛网50提供支撑力，避免筛网50形变而脱落，降低了产品的维护周期，降低了产品的维护成本。一种实施方式中，支承杆400的数量为两个，且交叉设置。
请参阅图5、图6及图7，本申请实施例二提供的电声组件100与实施例一的区别在于，泄漏孔40包括第一泄漏孔42与第二泄漏孔44，第一泄漏孔42位于第一磁体262a在内框架22的垂直投影与振膜24之间，第二泄漏孔44位于第一磁体262a在内框架22的垂直投影与外底板326之间。具体到图5，第一泄漏孔42与第二泄漏孔44配合，增大了发声腔1000与后音腔2000的气体交换速率，有利于提高音质改善效果。本实施例中，第一磁体262a位于内框架22对应后音腔2000的部分，第一泄漏孔42和第二泄漏孔44分别位于第一磁体262a的两侧，第一磁体262a将第一泄漏孔42与第二泄漏孔44隔开，从发声腔1000的不同位置与后音腔2000进行气体交换，使发声腔1000内的气体交换效果均匀，有利于音质改善效果。
具体到图7，第一磁体262a包括面对振膜24的第一侧壁2622，第一泄漏孔42的内壁与第一侧壁2622平齐，从而最大化第一泄漏孔42的尺寸，第一泄漏孔42位于振膜24与第一磁体262a在内框架22的垂直投影之间，在不影响框架的强度的前提下，增大第一泄漏孔42的尺寸有利于增大单位时间气体进出后音腔2000与发声腔1000的量，即气体进出后音腔2000与发声腔1000的速率，从而加强后音腔2000对电声组件100的音质提升效果。
请继续参阅图7，本实施例中，第一磁体262a还包括面对底板28的第二侧壁2624，第二泄漏孔44的内壁与第二侧壁2624平齐，从而最大化第二泄漏孔44的尺寸，第二泄漏孔44位于第一磁体262a与电路板10之间，在不影响框架的强度的前提下，增大第二泄漏孔44的尺寸有利于增大单位时间气体进出后音腔2000与发声腔1000的量，即气体进出后音腔2000与发声腔1000的速率，从而加强后音腔2000对电声组件100的音质提升效果。
发声腔1000与后音腔2000通过泄漏孔40连通，后音腔2000内的吸声颗粒74之间的摩擦消耗声波的能量，改变气体的振动效果，改变声波的特性，优化电声组件100发出的声音的音质效果，提高用户体验；扬声器单体20的底板28凸 出于外框架32的外底板326，底板28用于连接电路板10，外底板326与电路板10之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板10为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端内部器件布置。
请参阅图8，本申请实施例还提供一种电声装置200，包括电路板10及本申请实施例提供的电声组件100，所述底板28固定连接所述电路板10，所述电路板10设有驱动电路用于驱动所述振膜24振动发声。具体的，电路板10为印刷电路板10(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)，一种实施方式中，电路板10也可以为柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit，FPC)，电路板10上设有驱动电路，该驱动电路用于驱动扬声器单体20发声。一种实施方式中，当电声组件100应用于移动终端中时，电路板10可以为移动终端的主板。外底板326与电路板10之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板10为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端内部器件布置。
请参阅图9，一种实施方式中，电路板10包括第一表面104，电路板10设有内陷于第一表面104的收容槽102，扬声器单体20至少部分收容于收容槽102内，外底板326接触第一表面104。本实施例中，收容槽102为开设于电路板10表面的凹槽，一种实施方式中，收容槽102的深度与扬声器单体20凸出于外底板326的尺寸相同，扬声器单体20凸出于外底板326的部分全部收容于收容槽102中，换言之，电路板10与电声组件100的总厚度(电声装置200的厚度)为电路板10与后音腔2000的厚度之和，减小了电声装置200的厚度，有利于电声装置200轻薄化的设计。
请参阅图9，本申请实施例还提供一种移动终端300，包括本申请实施例提供的电声装置200。具体的，移动终端300还包括壳体92，电声装置200固定于壳体92的底端。可以理解的是，移动终端300可以是手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑等。
发声腔1000与后音腔2000通过泄漏孔40连通，后音腔2000内的吸声颗粒74之间的摩擦消耗声波的能量，改变气体的振动效果，改变声波的特性，优化电声组件100发出的声音的音质效果，提高用户体验；扬声器单体20的底板28凸 出于外框架32的外底板326，底板28用于连接电路板10，外底板326与电路板10之间存在间隙，一方面，该间隙可以用于放置其他电子器件，提高空间利用率，利于移动终端300内部器件布置，另一方面，当电路板10为柔性电路板时，该间隙提供空间利于柔性电路板弯折，利于移动终端300内部器件布置。
以上所揭露的仅为本申请几种较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本申请之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本申请权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于申请所涵盖的范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电声组件，固定于电路板上，其特征在于，所述电声组件包括：
    扬声器单体，包括底板、内框架及振膜，所述内框架固定于所述底板上，所述底板用于固定连接所述电路板，所述振膜的周缘固定连接于所述内框架上，所述内框架与所述振膜之间形成发声腔；
    外框架，位于所述扬声器单体的周侧，所述外框架包括外顶板、外底板及连接于所述外顶板与所述外底板之间的外侧板，所述外顶板抵接所述振膜，所述外顶板、所述外侧板、所述外底板及所述内框架之间形成后音腔，所述内框架上设有泄漏孔用于连通所述后音腔与所述发声腔，所述外底板与所述外顶板的垂直距离小于所述振膜与所述底板的垂直距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述内框架在所述底板的垂直投影环绕形成封闭的图形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电声组件，其特征在于，自所述振膜指向所述底板的方向，所述扬声器单体凸出于所述外底板形成凸台结构。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述泄漏孔位于所述外顶板在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述外底板之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述扬声器单体还包括驱动件，所述驱动件收容于所述发声腔内，所述驱动件包括第一驱动件与第二驱动件，所述第一驱动件固定于所述底板或所述内框架上，所述第二驱动件固定于所述振膜，所述第二驱动件用于相对所述第一驱动件振动，以带动所述振膜振动发声。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述第一驱动件为磁体，所述第二驱动件为线圈，所述第一驱动件包括第一磁体与第二磁体，所述第一磁体固定于所述内框架上，所述第二磁体固定于所述底板上，所述第二驱动件位于所述第一磁体与所述第二磁体之间，所述第二驱动件电连接至驱动电路，所述驱动电路用于驱动所述第二驱动件振动。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述第一磁体包括面对所述振膜的第一侧壁，所述泄漏孔的内壁与所述第一侧壁平齐。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述泄漏孔包括第一泄漏孔与第二泄漏孔，所述第一泄漏孔位于所述第一磁体在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述振膜之间，所述第二泄漏孔位于所述第一磁体在所述内框架的垂直投影与所述外底板之间。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述第一泄漏孔与所述第二泄漏孔对称分布于所述第一驱动件的两侧。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述第一磁体包括面对所述振膜的第一侧壁，所述第一泄漏孔的内壁与所述第一侧壁平齐；所述第一磁体还包括面对所述底板的第二侧壁，所述第二泄漏孔的内壁与所述第二侧壁平齐。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述振膜在周缘和几何中心之间设有褶皱，所述褶皱沿所述振膜的周向延伸，所述第二驱动件固定连接至所述褶皱。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述电声组件还包括吸声颗粒，所述吸声颗粒填充于所述后音腔内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述电声组件还包括筛网，所述筛网设于所述后音腔内，以阻止所述吸声颗粒进入所述泄漏孔。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述筛网在所述扬声器单体上的垂直投影覆盖所述泄漏孔，所述筛网的尺寸大于所述泄漏孔的尺寸。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述泄漏孔内设有支承杆，所述筛网贴合于所述支承杆，所述支承杆用于加固所述筛网。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电声组件，其特征在于，所述支承杆与所述吸声颗粒分别位于所述筛网的相对的两侧，以使所述支承杆从所述筛网背离所述吸声颗粒的一侧向所述筛网提供支撑力，避免所述筛网形变而脱落。
  17. 一种电声装置，其特征在于，包括电路板及权利要求1至16任意一项所述的电声组件，所述底板固定连接所述电路板，所述电路板设有驱动电路用于驱动所述振膜振动发声。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电声装置，其特征在于，所述电路板包括第一表面，所述电路板设有内陷于所述第一表面的收容槽，所述扬声器单体至少部 分收容于所述收容槽内，所述外底板接触所述第一表面。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的电声装置，其特征在于，所述电路板为柔性电路板，所述外底板与所述电路板之间设有间隙，所述间隙用于提供空间以供所述电路板弯折。
  20. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括权利要求17至19任意一项所述的电声装置。
PCT/CN2018/115180 2017-11-30 2018-11-13 电声组件、电声装置及移动终端 WO2019105220A1 (zh)

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