WO2019091884A1

WO2019091884A1 - Method for dampening an excursion of an elevator cabin during horizontal accelerations

Info

Publication number: WO2019091884A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/080088
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Dull; Patrick Schmidt
Original assignee: Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag; Thyssenkrupp Ag
Priority date: 2017-11-08
Filing date: 2018-11-05
Publication date: 2019-05-16
Also published as: DE102017219885A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the dampening of an excursion of an elevator cabin (51) of an elevator system (50) having guide rails (56, 57, 57a, 58), which are fixedly arranged in a shaft and along which the elevator cabin (51) can travel, wherein at least one guide rail (57, 57a) is aligned in a direction having a horizontal component (57h) and, during travel along the guide rail (57, 57a) aligned by means of a horizontal component (57h), the elevator cabin (51) is mounted relative thereto so as to be capable of being deflected during a horizontal acceleration, wherein, in order to dampen the excursion, at least one dampening device (30) is arranged on the elevator cabin (51).

Description

Method for damping a deflection of an elevator car during horizontal accelerations

The invention relates to a method for damping a deflection of an elevator car of an elevator system with a, aligned with a horizontal component guide rail along which the elevator car is movable, wherein the elevator car during travel along the guide rail relative to this at a horizontal acceleration is mounted deflectable and the Damping the deflection at least one damping device is arranged on the elevator car.

The invention is particularly applicable to elevator systems with at least one elevator car, in particular a plurality of elevator cars, which are movable in a shaft via guide rails and in which at least one guide rail is aligned in a direction having at least one horizontal component. In an exemplary elevator installation, at least one fixed first guide rail is arranged in a shaft and aligned in a first, in particular vertical direction; at least one fixed second guide rail is aligned in a second, in particular horizontal, direction; at least one third guide rail, which is rotatable relative to the shaft, is fastened to a rotating platform and can be moved therewith between an orientation in the first direction and an orientation in the second direction. Such systems are basically described in international patent application WO 2015/144781 A1 as well as in German patent applications 10 2016 211 997.4 and 10 2015 218 025.5.

An elevator car of such elevator systems is fastened, for example, via a pivotable about a horizontal axis pivot on a chassis, which is movable along guide rails. During a travel of an elevator car along guide rails aligned in one direction, which has at least one horizontal component, and in particular during horizontal travel, the passengers in the elevator car are affected by these transverse forces, which are perceived as unpleasant. In order to reduce this, for example, a "free" vibration and deflection of the elevator car about the pivot can be made possible.A wholly free swing of the elevator car, however, may even worsen the ride comfort for the passengers depending on the magnitude of the acceleration and the acceleration forces acting thereon. On this basis, the invention has the object to provide a method for damping a deflection of an elevator car when driving with a horizontal component and a damping device for this purpose and a corresponding elevator system to improve the ride comfort of passengers.

To solve this problem, a method for damping a deflection of an elevator car according to claim 1, a damping device according to claim 6 and an elevator installation according to claim 10 is proposed. Advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims and from the following description.

It is a method for damping a deflection of an elevator car a

Lift system proposed, the elevator system firmly in a shaft

arranged guide rails, along which the elevator car is movable, wherein at least one guide rail is aligned in a direction having a horizontal component and the elevator car during travel along the aligned with a horizontal component guide rail relative to this at a horizontal acceleration is mounted deflected. To damp the deflection by the horizontal acceleration is at least one damping device on the

Elevator cabin arranged, which dampens the deflection of the elevator car depending on the size of the acceleration of the elevator car in the horizontal direction. The

Damping effect of the damping device is at a lower

Acceleration higher than at a higher acceleration.

In other words, the deflection of the elevator car through the

Damping device at lower accelerations in the horizontal direction more damped and less attenuated at higher accelerations in the horizontal direction, so that the deflection of the elevator car counteracting damping at low accelerations in the horizontal direction is higher than at higher

Accelerations. In this way, larger deflections of the elevator car at low accelerations in the horizontal direction can be reduced or avoided altogether, whereby the passenger is given a solid connection with the drive and thus a safe driving feeling. In a stronger acceleration of the elevator car in the horizontal direction, such as an emergency stop, however, is a larger

Deflection of the elevator car possible. By the deflection and the so

associated force compensation is the effect of horizontal accelerations or resulting horizontal forces on the passengers avoided or at least significantly reduced, so that the passenger perceived forces act largely perpendicular to the ground, which significantly improves the ride comfort of passengers.

The method is provided for elevator installations with fixed guide rails in a shaft, along which an elevator car can be moved, wherein at least one guide rail is aligned in a direction which has a horizontal component. As the direction having a horizontal component, in the present case, any direction deviating from a vertical direction is understood. In particular, a horizontally oriented guide rail has a horizontal component of 100%,

whereas it has no vertical component. Accordingly, a vertically arranged guide rail has no horizontal component.

Consequently, the method is provided for trips of elevator cars, the direction of travel has at least a horizontal portion, resulting in horizontal acceleration of the elevator car and the passengers located therein. By horizontal accelerations act horizontal forces on cabin and passengers, whose effect in the proposed method by means of a damped deflection of the

Elevator car is reduced or avoided. The damping device is arranged on the elevator car to dampen the deflection of the elevator car. Here, under an arrangement on the elevator car, any indirect arrangement of the

Damping device can be understood on the elevator car, which is suitable for damping the deflection of the elevator car.

In one embodiment of the method, the at least one supports

Damping device, the elevator car at least indirectly relative to the

Guide rail off. This embodiment enables a support of

Damping device on the storage of the elevator car to the guide rail.

In one embodiment of the method, the elevator car is rotatably mounted about a horizontally arranged pivot bearing and the at least one damping device damps a deflection of the elevator car about the pivot bearing. In this embodiment, the elevator car can rotate relative to the pivot bearing, for example, to maintain the vertical orientation of the elevator car when traveling over guide rails with different horizontal component. Also at one

Horizontal acceleration, for example, when starting or braking, or at Changes in speed of the elevator car, the elevator car can rotate about the pivot bearing, whereby this undergoes a Drelenklenkung. The proposed damping device serves to damp the deflection in one for the

Ride comfort of the passengers favorable manner, in particular, vibrations of the elevator car are damped around the pivot bearing.

In one embodiment of the method with rotary mounting of the elevator car, the horizontally arranged pivot bearing is perpendicular to the direction of the guide rail

arranged. In this embodiment, a vertical orientation of the

Elevator cabin when traveling along guide rails with a horizontal component and a vertical orientation of the elevator car after an acceleration-induced deflection at least partially by the gravity of the elevator car itself.

In one embodiment of the method, the elevator car is mounted on an at least partially horizontally deflectable bearing and the at least one

Damping device damps a deflection of the elevator car relative to the bearing. Such an embodiment represents, for example, a linearly deflectable bearing which dampens a horizontal movement of the elevator car in the above-described manner of the method.

To solve the problem, a damping device for damping a deflection of an elevator car of an elevator system is further proposed, which is

especially suitable for carrying out the method described above. The elevator car has in this case firmly arranged in a shaft guide rails along which the elevator car is movable. At least one guide rail is aligned in a direction that has a horizontal component and the elevator car is in driving along with a horizontal component

aligned guide rail relative to this deflectable mounted at a horizontal acceleration. At the elevator car at least one damping device for damping a deflection by a horizontal acceleration is arranged, which is designed so that the damping effect at a lower on the

Damping device acting acceleration force is higher than at a larger acting on this acceleration force.

In other words, at lower accelerations in the horizontal direction, the damping device attenuates a deflection more strongly and at higher accelerations in less strongly in the horizontal direction, so that the damping acting against a deflection of the elevator car is higher at low accelerations in the horizontal direction than at higher such accelerations. That way you can

Reduced deflections at low accelerations of the elevator car or

be largely avoided, whereby the passenger is given a solid connection with the drive and thus a safe driving experience. For a stronger one

Acceleration of the elevator car in the horizontal direction, however, a larger deflection of the elevator car is possible.

The further explanations and explanations which were made previously to the method and to the elements of the elevator installation, apply correspondingly with regard to the design of the damping device.

In one embodiment of the damping device, this is formed by a hydraulic damper whose piston has at least one flow opening for the hydraulic fluid, which is variably adjustable depending on the force acting on the piston acceleration force. Such a hydraulic damper has, for example, a piston which can be moved in the piston space filled with hydraulic fluid and which bears tightly against the outer walls of the space. A movement of the piston requires a flow of

Hydraulic fluid from one side of the piston to the other through the at least one

Flow opening. This creates a resistance to the piston movement by the static pressure, which is converted by the cross-sectional constriction according to the Bernoulli equation in dynamic pressure and the kinetic energy through the fluid

Swirling into heat passes. Due to the variable flow openings in the piston, the flow cross section of the damper and thus the resistance, which is the

Deflection of the elevator car is met, variably adjustable. In the present case, for high accelerations of the elevator car a low damping effect and thus a large flow cross section, and for low accelerations of the elevator car a high damping effect and thus a small flow cross-section are proposed.

In one embodiment of the damping device, the piston in addition to the at least one flow opening with a constant flow cross-section also

at least one switchable flow opening, which opens from a predetermined, acting on the piston acceleration force. In this way, the flow cross section of the damping device changes depending on the horizontal Acceleration of the elevator car, so that at high accelerations of the elevator car, a large flow cross section and at low accelerations of the elevator car, a small flow cross-section of the piston is opened.

In one embodiment of the damping device, a closing device is arranged in the at least one switchable flow opening, which closes the flow opening in particular by means of spring action at an acceleration force acting below the predetermined acceleration force acting on the piston. The switching device of

Closing device, in particular at least one spring device is adjusted so that the flow opening opens at a size of the horizontal acceleration of the elevator car, in which a lower damping of the elevator car is provided. In such an embodiment, advantageously, a plurality of flow channels may be provided with closing means, the opening of which different forces acting on the piston are required, so that the damping characteristic of the damper in this way according to the requirements of the elevator system can be interpreted.

To solve the problem is also an elevator system with at least one

Elevator car and fixedly arranged in a shaft guide rails proposed, wherein the elevator car is movable along guide rails, wherein at least one guide rail is aligned in a direction having a horizontal component and the elevator car when traveling along with a horizontal

Component oriented guide rail relative to this is deflectably mounted at a horizontal acceleration. To damp the deflection is at least one damping device in particular of the type previously described on the

Elevator cabin arranged, wherein the deflection of the pullout cabin is attenuatable in horizontal acceleration, in particular according to the method described above.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. Each show

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of parts of an exemplary elevator installation;

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an exemplary arrangement of a

Elevator car of an elevator installation from the front; 3 is a schematic side view of another exemplary arrangement of an elevator car of an elevator installation;

4a is a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a

Damping device in the form of a piston damper;

4b is a schematic representation of a plan view of the piston of the exemplary embodiment of the damping device of Fig. 4a; and

Fig. 5 shows the damping behavior of the exemplary damping device from the

FIGS. 4a and 4b.

1 shows a schematic illustration of parts of an exemplary elevator installation 50. The elevator installation 50 comprises fixed first guide rails 56 along which an elevator cage 51 can be guided on the basis of a backpack storage. The fixed first guide rails 56 are aligned vertically in a first direction z and allow a process of the elevator car 51 between different floors. Parallel to one another, such fixed first guide rails 56 are provided in two parallel shafts 52 ', 52 "along which the elevator car 51 can be guided." Elevator cars in a shaft 52' can move largely independently and unhindered by cars in the other shaft 52 "to the move respective first guide rails 56.

The elevator installation 50 further comprises fixed second guide rails 57, along which the elevator car 51 can be guided. The second guide rails 57 are aligned horizontally in a second direction y, and allow the lift cage 51 to move within a floor. Further, the second guide rails 57 connect the first guide rails 56 in the two shafts 52 ', 52 "to each other, thus, the second guide rails 57 also serve to transfer the elevator car 51 between the two shafts 52', 52".

The exemplary elevator installation 50 also has rotatable third guide rails 58, via which the elevator car 51 can be transferred from the first guide rails 56 to the second guide rails 57 and vice versa. The third guide rails 58 are rotatable with respect to a rotation axis A which is perpendicular to a yz plane which is spanned by the first and second guide rails 56, 57. All guide rails 56, 57, 58 are at least indirectly fixedly arranged in a slot 52. The rotatable third guide rails 58 is fixed to a rotary platform 53.

FIG. 2 schematically shows an illustration of an exemplary arrangement of an elevator car 51 of an elevator installation 50 from the front. The exemplary elevator car 51 is mounted via a so-called backpack storage on a pivot bearing 20 which is arranged on a chassis 16 (see Fig. 3), via which the elevator car 51 along the guide rail 57 a is movable. The guide rail 57a is aligned in a direction having a horizontal component 57h and a vertical component 57v.

At the elevator car 51 two damping devices 30 are arranged, which are shown in the schematic representation as a piston damper. In an acceleration of the elevator car 51 while driving along the guide rail 57a, the elevator car 51 is deflected relative to the guide rail 57a and rotates according to the arrow 21 about the pivot bearing 20. Thus, the forces acting on the passengers, perpendicular to the cabin floor and are perceived by the passengers as more pleasant. The damping devices 30 counteract a free swinging of the elevator car in order to increase the ride comfort for the passengers. For this purpose, the damping device 30 carried out acceleration-dependent. This attenuates the deflection of the elevator car 51 depending on the magnitude of the acceleration in the horizontal direction. A lower acceleration leads to a higher damping effect than a larger acceleration. Thus, in an exemplary embodiment, the angle of the cab deflection permitted by the damper is about 5 ° for a horizontal acceleration of 1 m / s ² and about 30 ° for an emergency stop with a delay (negative acceleration) of 6 m / s ² . The damping devices shown schematically are based indirectly on the chassis 16 on the guide rail 57 a. This is not shown in the schematic diagram.

3 schematically shows a side view of another exemplary arrangement of an elevator car 51 of an elevator installation 50. The elevator car 51 can be moved on a vertical guide rail 56 here. During the process, the elevator car 51 is guided by means of guide rollers 12, which are arranged on a chassis 16. The elevator car 51 is connected to the chassis 16 via a pivot 20 attached. Between the elevator car 51 and the chassis 16, a damping device 30 in the form of a rotary damper 30 is arranged, which attenuates the deflection of the elevator car 51 in the horizontal direction depending on the magnitude of the acceleration of the elevator car 51.

FIG. 4 a shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a damping device 30 in the form of a piston damper. The damping device 30 has a housing 31 filled with a hydraulic fluid, a piston 32 with a piston rod 32a, and a cage 33 arranged on the piston 32, which spring device 36 is supported. The piston 32 has always open flow openings 37 and switchable flow openings 38 with locking devices 39 disposed therein, which are acted upon by the spring means 36 with a spring force, so that they close in the unloaded state of the damping device 30, the switchable flow openings 38 in this way. Thus, the damping occurs at low frequencies and low loading of the damping device 30, the damping on the always open flow openings 37. At a high acceleration, which acts on the piston rod 32 a, a pressure on the piston 32 is generated. This causes the closing means 39 of the switchable flow openings 38, which are acted upon by a spring action by the spring means 36, to move relative to the piston 32. As soon as a predetermined acceleration force acting on the piston 32 and the associated threshold pressure on the piston 32 are exceeded, the closing devices 39 open the switchable throughflow openings 38 and thus increase the flow cross section of the piston 32. In this way, rapid movement of the piston 32 of the damping device 30 occurs allows, whereby the damping effect of the damping device 30 decreases.

4b shows a schematic representation of a plan view of the piston 32 of the exemplary embodiment of a damping device 30 from FIG. 4a. On the outer circumference of the piston 32 eight constantly open flow openings 37 are arranged. On a bolt circle with a smaller diameter four switchable flow openings 38 are arranged with locking devices 39 arranged therein, which open when a threshold pressure on the piston 32 is exceeded.

5 shows the damping behavior of the exemplary damping device 30 from FIGS. 4a and 4b. As can be seen in the diagram, the damping effect of Damping device 30 with increasing load frequency to a maximum value, which greatly decreases after exceeding the threshold pressure at the piston 32 by opening the switchable flow openings 38 and then slowly increases again with further increasing compressive stress or frequency.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

12 leadership role

16 chassis

20 pivot bearings

21 arrow of rotation about pivot

30 damping device

31 housing

32 pistons

32a piston rod

33 cage

36 spring device

37 always open flow opening

38 switchable flow opening

39 closing device

50 elevator system

51 elevator car

52 shaft

52a shaft wall

53 rotary platform

56 vertically arranged guide rail

57 horizontally arranged guide rail

57a oriented in a horizontal component direction guide rail

57h horizontal component of alignment

57v vertical component of alignment

58 rotatable guide rail

D damping

f frequency

Claims

claims

A method for damping a deflection of an elevator car (51) of a

Elevator installation (50) with guide rails (56, 57, 57a, 58) fixedly arranged in a shaft, along which the elevator car (51) is movable, wherein at least one guide rail (57, 57a) is aligned in a direction which is a horizontal component (57h) and the elevator car (51) while traveling along the aligned with a horizontal component (57h)

Guide rail (57, 57 a) with respect to this in a horizontal

Acceleration is mounted deflectable, wherein for damping the deflection at least one damping device (30) on the elevator car (51) is arranged, characterized

in that the at least one damping device controls the deflection of the

Elevator car attenuates depending on the size of the acceleration of the elevator car in the horizontal direction, wherein the damping effect is higher at a lower acceleration than at a larger acceleration.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one damping device (30) the elevator car (51) at least indirectly relative to the guide rail (56, 57, 57 a, 58) is supported.

3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevator car (51) is rotatably mounted about a horizontally disposed pivot bearing (20) and the at least one damping device (30) a

Deflection of the elevator car (51) around the pivot bearing (20) dampens.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the horizontal

arranged pivot bearing (20) perpendicular to the direction of the guide rail (56, 57, 57 a, 58) is arranged.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elevator car (51) on an at least partially horizontal

deflectable bearing is mounted and the at least one damping device (30) attenuates a deflection of the elevator car (21) relative to the bearing. Damping device for damping a deflection of an elevator car (51) of an elevator installation (50), in particular according to the method of one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the elevator car (51) has guide rails (56, 57, 57a, 58) fixedly arranged in a shaft, along which the elevator car (51) is movable, at least one guide rail (57, 57a) being oriented in a direction having a horizontal component (57h) and the elevator car (51) moving along the path with a horizontal component (57h ) aligned guide rail (57, 57 a) is mounted deflectably with respect to this at a horizontal acceleration, wherein at the elevator car (51) at least one damping device (30) for damping a resulting from a horizontal acceleration deflection is arranged, characterized in that the at least one

Damping device (30) is formed so that its damping effect at a lower on the damping device (30) acting

Acceleration force is higher than at a larger acting on this

Acceleration force.

Damping device according to claim 6, characterized in that the damping device (30) by a hydraulic damper (30) is formed, the piston (32) at least one flow opening (37, 38) for the

Has hydraulic fluid, in particular, which is variably adjustable depending on the force acting on the piston (32) acceleration force.

Damping device according to claim 7, characterized in that the piston (32) has a first flow opening (37) with a constant

Flow cross-section and at least a second switchable

Flow opening (38) which opens from a predetermined on the piston (32) acting acceleration force.

Damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that in the at least one switchable, second flow opening (38) has a

Closing device (39) is arranged, in particular by means of spring action at a below the predetermined acting on the piston (32)

Acceleration force closes the flow opening (38). Elevator installation with at least one elevator car (51) and guide rails (56, 57, 57a, 58) fixedly arranged in a shaft, along which the

Elevator car (51) is movable, wherein at least one guide rail (57, 57 a) is aligned in a direction having a horizontal component (57 h) and the elevator car (51) when traveling along with a

horizontal component (57h) aligned guide rail (57, 57a) is mounted deflectably with respect to this at a horizontal acceleration, wherein for damping the deflection at least one damping device (30) is arranged in particular according to one of claims 6 to 9 on the elevator car (51). wherein the deflection of the pullout cabin (51) during horizontal acceleration in particular according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 5 can be damped.