WO2019084660A1 - Spring plate flow restrictor - Google Patents

Spring plate flow restrictor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019084660A1
WO2019084660A1 PCT/CA2018/000204 CA2018000204W WO2019084660A1 WO 2019084660 A1 WO2019084660 A1 WO 2019084660A1 CA 2018000204 W CA2018000204 W CA 2018000204W WO 2019084660 A1 WO2019084660 A1 WO 2019084660A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flow
restrictor
spring
plate
pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2018/000204
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Megan FU
Willem Atsma
Original Assignee
Rostrum Medical Innovations Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rostrum Medical Innovations Inc. filed Critical Rostrum Medical Innovations Inc.
Publication of WO2019084660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019084660A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/34—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure
    • G01F1/36—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects by measuring pressure or differential pressure the pressure or differential pressure being created by the use of flow constriction
    • G01F1/40—Details of construction of the flow constriction devices
    • G01F1/42—Orifices or nozzles

Definitions

  • the presently disclosed subject matter relates to apparatus employed in the measurement of bidirectional fluid flow through a pipe, and in particular to flow restrictors with variable resistance.
  • Venturi and orifice meters which determine the flow through a pipe by measuring the differential pressure across a flow restriction, in accordance with Bernoulli's principle.
  • the correlation between differential pressure and flow is dependent on the geometry of the flow restriction, the points of measurement of differential pressure, and the properties of the fluid being measured.
  • An orifice meter consists of a fixed thin plate with a hole to act as the flow restriction. This creates a non-linear correlation of flow and differential pressure; from the Bernoulli equation, flow is proportional to the square root of the differential pressure. As such, orifice meters are less sensitive at lower flows than at higher flows. The flow resistance is also increased at higher flows.
  • the presently disclosed subject matter provides a spring plate flow restrictor for installation in a pipe to enable the measurement of fluid flow, including bidirectional fluid flow, through the pipe.
  • the restrictor generally comprises a spring plate that extends when pressure is applied thereto.
  • the restrictor further comprises one or more orifices.
  • the plate and spring elements of the restrictor enable the restrictor to have a variable flow resistance depending on the magnitude of flow through the pipe.
  • the differential pressure measured across the flow restriction correlates to the magnitude of flow. This correlation is dependent on the geometries of the plate, spring and optional orifice elements of the restrictor, and may be tuned to suit a given application.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spring plate flow restrictor in accordance with one embodiment of the presently described subject matter, as installed in a pipe.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic end view of the restrictor of Figure 1 as installed in a pipe, taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the restrictor of Figure 1, as expanded by fluid flowing through the pipe.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic end view of the restrictor of Figure 1.
  • Figures 5 illustrates schematic end views spring plate flow restrictors in accordance with alternative embodiments of the presently described subject matter.
  • the spring plate flow restrictor described herein generally comprises a parallel spring and a pressure actuated plate, and provides a bidirectional, pressure-actuated variable flow resistance to a fluid passing therethrough.
  • a spring plate flow restrictor 10 is shown installed in a representative pipe 12.
  • the pipe includes pressure taps 14 on either side of the restrictor 10 for connection to a pressure measurement device (not shown), which measures the differential pressure across the restrictor 10.
  • the restrictor 10 is installed in pipe 12 such that the geometric features (as further described below) of the restrictor 10 face the direction of flow of a fluid through the pipe 12.
  • fluid may flow alternately from left to right or from right to left.
  • the direction of fluid flow through the pipe would be into or out of the page.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a condition where there is sufficient left-to-right fluid flow through pipe 12 to engage the spring mechanics of restrictor 10 and distend restrictor 10 to the right.
  • the restrictor would be distended to the left as a mirror image to that of Figure 3.
  • greater force enables greater expansion of the restrictor 10, thereby creating more openings and reducing the relative flow resistance of the restrictor.
  • any flow restrictor be suitably adapted and capable of safely withstanding flow in both directions through the pipe.
  • the pressure taps 14 from which differential pressure is measured across the restrictor 10 are preferably equivalent in size and located at equal distances from either side of the restrictor 10. This simplifies measurement of the flow-pressure relationship for the bidirectional flows.
  • Figures 1 - 4 illustrate one preferred embodiment of the presently described subject matter adapted for use in spirometric applications, in which the restrictor 10 includes a central orifice 16.
  • the orifice 16 reduces the flow resistance of the resistor 10 at low flows, which is another requirement for spirometry.
  • the restrictor 10 will act as a conventional orifice plate at lower flows, where the flow volume is insufficient to engage the expansion of (i.e. cause displacement of) the resistor 10.
  • orifice 16 can be varied to "tune” and obtain a desired flow-pressure relationship of the resistor 10, especially at low flow rates, and also adjust the flow resistance of the resistor 10 for a given intended application.
  • Orifice 16 is an optional feature; alternatively, a restrictor in accordance with embodiments of the presently described subject matter may comprise multiple distinct orifices.
  • the resistor 10 is constructed from a flat piece of material, with all its features on a single plane. When installed in a pipe, the face of restrictor 10 is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow, and thus in the plane upon which the fluid pressure acts.
  • the flexural pattern afforded by cuts 18 in restrictor 10 allows for expansion of the restrictor 10 in the axial direction, with no movement in the radial direction.
  • the spring mechanism element of restrictor 10 comprises a series of cuts 18 to create flexural springs. These cuts 18 form arcs along concentric circles, with the cuts 18 being offset for adjacent circles to enable the operational dynamics of the spring. The width of these cuts 18 must be sufficiently wide such that each individual spring portion of restrictor 10 can freely expand without interference with any other spring portion. Hinges 20 are formed at the portions of the concentric circles that are not cut, and it is along these lines that the restrictor 10 bends to allow it to expand. In accordance with standard flexural design, small circular strain relief apertures 22 are located at either end of each cut 18 to reduce stress concentration and the potential for initiation of cracks, which may otherwise lead to failure due to material fatigue. The spring mechanism element of restrictor 10 uses parallel construction.
  • multiple cuts 18 along each concentric circle of cuts results in multiple hinges 20. This is intentional and provides multiple points of failure for redundancy and safety, and mitigates the risk of any portion of the restrictor 10 breaking away during use.
  • failure of a flow resistor usually initiates at the end of a cut and continues across a hinge, or to an adjacent concentric circle.
  • a single failure would affect the performance of the flow restrictor, but the apparatus itself would remain a single piece; multiple failures would be required for a piece of the spring plate resistor 10 to break off.
  • This provides an advantage over prior art variable resistance flow restrictors (for example, U.S. patent no. 3,403,556, which describes a flat helical coil in which only a single point of failure is sufficient to cause a portion of the resistor to break and be carried away by the fluid flow).
  • Figure 5 shows examples of alternative embodiments 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 and 510 of the spring plate resistor of the presently described subject matter.
  • Changes in design variables include, but are not limited to: the size, location and number of orifices (if any); the number and spacing of concentric cut line circles; the number of cuts per concentric circle; the length of the hinges; and the width of the cuts.
  • Portions of the restrictor may also remain as a static plate; i.e. do not move when the spring elements are actuated. This creates a greater flow resistance, similar to that of an orifice plate, and thus a different pressure-flow correlation across the flow range.
  • Restrictor 510 illustrates one such embodiment, wherein the spring element is situated within a larger, fixed orifice plate. Also included within the scope of the invention are discretionary concentric arrangements of orifice and spring plate elements, where the spring plate may be situated within an orifice, or vice versa.
  • the pattern of the spring element cuts is preferred to be symmetrical to ensure an even load across the spring plate resistor.
  • An asymmetrical pattern that causes an uneven load may increase the stress at certain areas of the restrictor, and thus increase the likelihood of failure.
  • One example of a pattern with uneven loading is seen in the seismometer spring of U.S. patent no. 3,602,490.
  • the cuts of the spring element are not restricted to concentric circles, as in the preferred embodiments, provided that a spring mechanism allowing for expansion is established.
  • One alternative possibility is to have the cuts extend along overlapping spiral paths, similar to flat spiral springs described in U.S. patent no. 5,522,214, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the longer cuts allow for greater expansion of the spring by reducing the stiffness, but may result in reduced control over the dynamic behavior of the spring.
  • the spring plate restrictor 10 is constructed from a single piece of material for simplicity and cost efficiency.
  • the material used for the spring plate is to have properties that allow the dynamic behavior of the spring flexural element, so a thin, durable material is ideal. Considerations must be taken as to the endurance limit of the selected material. Alternating bidirectional flows, as commonly seen in spirometry, will cause cyclic stresses to the restrictor, and the material selection and design of the restrictor must be such that the peak stress is below the endurance limit of the material to prevent failure due to fatigue.
  • the use of strain reliefs 22 helps to reduce the applied stress and the likelihood of a failure occurring at any given hinge 20.
  • the material is 0.001" thick Stainless Steel 316, selected for its allowance for design for an infinite life, as well as its biocompatibility, for use in spirometric applications.
  • a spring plate resistor is dependent on the selected material; options include stamping, laser cutting, and chemical etching.
  • the preferred method for construction of resistor 10 is chemical etching, which provides the best consistency between manufactured units, is more cost-effective for larger-scale production than alternate fabrication methods, and generates clean cuts of roughly 0.005" width for the spring features of the resistor. If the cuts are not clean or too narrow, this may interfere with the operation of the spring elements and prevent proper expansion of the spring plate resistor.
  • the correlation between fluid flow and measured differential pressure is dependent on the geometries of the features of the spring plate resistor, which can be tuned and optimized for the application in which the apparatus is used.
  • a stiffer material would generate a larger range of differential pressures, which would increase the sensitivity of flow measurements but also increases the flow resistance.
  • the addition of an orifice to the plate element of the resistor would decrease the flow resistance; as a result, portions of the flow-pressure curve would more closely resemble that of a standard orifice plate.
  • the design of the spring element of the resistor determines the behavior of the spring and the openings created when the spring is extended, which also impacts the flow-pressure correlation.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

A spring plate flow restrictor for installation in a pipe to enable the measurement of fluid flow, including bidirectional fluid flow, through the pipe. The restrictor generally comprises a spring plate that extends when pressure is applied thereto. In some embodiments, the restrictor further comprises one or more orifices. In combination, the plate and spring elements of the restrictor enable a variable flow resistance depending on the magnitude of flow through the pipe. The differential pressure measured across the flow restriction correlates to the magnitude of flow. This correlation is dependent on the geometries of the plate, spring and optional orifice elements of the restrictor, and may be tuned to suit a given application.

Description

SPRING PLATE FLOW RESTRICTOR
Technical Field:
The presently disclosed subject matter relates to apparatus employed in the measurement of bidirectional fluid flow through a pipe, and in particular to flow restrictors with variable resistance.
Background:
Various types of devices exist to measure fluid flow. This includes Venturi and orifice meters, which determine the flow through a pipe by measuring the differential pressure across a flow restriction, in accordance with Bernoulli's principle. In general, the correlation between differential pressure and flow is dependent on the geometry of the flow restriction, the points of measurement of differential pressure, and the properties of the fluid being measured.
An orifice meter consists of a fixed thin plate with a hole to act as the flow restriction. This creates a non-linear correlation of flow and differential pressure; from the Bernoulli equation, flow is proportional to the square root of the differential pressure. As such, orifice meters are less sensitive at lower flows than at higher flows. The flow resistance is also increased at higher flows.
Flow restrictions with variable resistance also exist, in which the correlation between flow and differential pressure is more linear. By way of example, U.S. patent no. 3,403,556 to Koester describes a flow meter having a variable area orifice responsive to the volume rate of flow, wherein a coil spring providing a flow passage through its convolutions flexes in response to variations in pressure differentials between the upstream and downstream portions of a pipe into which it has been installed.
For sensitive applications such as spirometric measurements of breathing gases, a wider range of flows may need to be measured, and a lower flow resistance is preferred over this range.
Summary:
The presently disclosed subject matter provides a spring plate flow restrictor for installation in a pipe to enable the measurement of fluid flow, including bidirectional fluid flow, through the pipe. The restrictor generally comprises a spring plate that extends when pressure is applied thereto. In some embodiments, the restrictor further comprises one or more orifices.
In combination, the plate and spring elements of the restrictor enable the restrictor to have a variable flow resistance depending on the magnitude of flow through the pipe. The differential pressure measured across the flow restriction correlates to the magnitude of flow. This correlation is dependent on the geometries of the plate, spring and optional orifice elements of the restrictor, and may be tuned to suit a given application.
Brief Description of the Drawings:
For a fuller understanding of the nature and advantages of the disclosed subject matter, as well as the preferred modes of use thereof, reference should be made to the following detailed description, read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spring plate flow restrictor in accordance with one embodiment of the presently described subject matter, as installed in a pipe.
Figure 2 is a schematic end view of the restrictor of Figure 1 as installed in a pipe, taken along line A-A of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the restrictor of Figure 1, as expanded by fluid flowing through the pipe.
Figure 4 is an enlarged schematic end view of the restrictor of Figure 1.
Figures 5 illustrates schematic end views spring plate flow restrictors in accordance with alternative embodiments of the presently described subject matter.
Description of Specific Embodiments:
The following description of specific embodiments is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. The spring plate flow restrictor described herein generally comprises a parallel spring and a pressure actuated plate, and provides a bidirectional, pressure-actuated variable flow resistance to a fluid passing therethrough. With reference to Figure 1, one embodiment of a spring plate flow restrictor 10 is shown installed in a representative pipe 12. The pipe includes pressure taps 14 on either side of the restrictor 10 for connection to a pressure measurement device (not shown), which measures the differential pressure across the restrictor 10. The restrictor 10 is installed in pipe 12 such that the geometric features (as further described below) of the restrictor 10 face the direction of flow of a fluid through the pipe 12. In Figures 1 and 3, fluid may flow alternately from left to right or from right to left. In the end view of Figure 2, the direction of fluid flow through the pipe would be into or out of the page.
At low flow volumes where the force of the fluid flow through the pipe 12 and spring plate flow restrictor 10 is insufficient to cause any displacement or distension of the restrictor 10, virtually the entirety of the restrictor 10 behaves in a manner analogous to a conventional orifice plate. However, as described in further detail below, higher flow volumes cause the spring plate flow restrictor 10 to expand, thereby creating additional openings therethrough and reducing the relative flow resistance of the restrictor 10. In this sense, virtually the entire body of restrictor 10 may be characterized as behaving as a plate and as a spring, depending on the flow volume to which it is subjected. As illustrated in Figure 5, other embodiments of a spring plate flow restrictor may include portions that behave solely as a plate or solely as a spring. The degree to which restrictor 10 expands is related to the magnitude of flow, and thus a correlation can be determined from the magnitude of differential pressure across the restrictor with respect to fluid flow in the pipe.
Figure 3 illustrates a condition where there is sufficient left-to-right fluid flow through pipe 12 to engage the spring mechanics of restrictor 10 and distend restrictor 10 to the right. Of course, given the bidirectional nature of restrictor 10, if the fluid flow were instead to be in a right-to-left direction, then the restrictor would be distended to the left as a mirror image to that of Figure 3. At higher magnitudes of flow, greater force enables greater expansion of the restrictor 10, thereby creating more openings and reducing the relative flow resistance of the restrictor.
In applications such as spirometry, where bidirectional fluid flows are present, it is critical that any flow restrictor be suitably adapted and capable of safely withstanding flow in both directions through the pipe. In such bi-directional applications, the pressure taps 14 from which differential pressure is measured across the restrictor 10 are preferably equivalent in size and located at equal distances from either side of the restrictor 10. This simplifies measurement of the flow-pressure relationship for the bidirectional flows.
Figures 1 - 4 illustrate one preferred embodiment of the presently described subject matter adapted for use in spirometric applications, in which the restrictor 10 includes a central orifice 16. The orifice 16 reduces the flow resistance of the resistor 10 at low flows, which is another requirement for spirometry. In this embodiment, the restrictor 10 will act as a conventional orifice plate at lower flows, where the flow volume is insufficient to engage the expansion of (i.e. cause displacement of) the resistor 10.
The size of orifice 16 can be varied to "tune" and obtain a desired flow-pressure relationship of the resistor 10, especially at low flow rates, and also adjust the flow resistance of the resistor 10 for a given intended application. Orifice 16 is an optional feature; alternatively, a restrictor in accordance with embodiments of the presently described subject matter may comprise multiple distinct orifices.
The resistor 10 is constructed from a flat piece of material, with all its features on a single plane. When installed in a pipe, the face of restrictor 10 is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow, and thus in the plane upon which the fluid pressure acts. The flexural pattern afforded by cuts 18 in restrictor 10 allows for expansion of the restrictor 10 in the axial direction, with no movement in the radial direction.
With further reference to Figure 4, the spring mechanism element of restrictor 10 comprises a series of cuts 18 to create flexural springs. These cuts 18 form arcs along concentric circles, with the cuts 18 being offset for adjacent circles to enable the operational dynamics of the spring. The width of these cuts 18 must be sufficiently wide such that each individual spring portion of restrictor 10 can freely expand without interference with any other spring portion. Hinges 20 are formed at the portions of the concentric circles that are not cut, and it is along these lines that the restrictor 10 bends to allow it to expand. In accordance with standard flexural design, small circular strain relief apertures 22 are located at either end of each cut 18 to reduce stress concentration and the potential for initiation of cracks, which may otherwise lead to failure due to material fatigue. The spring mechanism element of restrictor 10 uses parallel construction. In other words, multiple cuts 18 along each concentric circle of cuts results in multiple hinges 20. This is intentional and provides multiple points of failure for redundancy and safety, and mitigates the risk of any portion of the restrictor 10 breaking away during use. In testing, it has been observed that failure of a flow resistor usually initiates at the end of a cut and continues across a hinge, or to an adjacent concentric circle. A single failure would affect the performance of the flow restrictor, but the apparatus itself would remain a single piece; multiple failures would be required for a piece of the spring plate resistor 10 to break off. This provides an advantage over prior art variable resistance flow restrictors (for example, U.S. patent no. 3,403,556, which describes a flat helical coil in which only a single point of failure is sufficient to cause a portion of the resistor to break and be carried away by the fluid flow).
Figure 5 shows examples of alternative embodiments 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 and 510 of the spring plate resistor of the presently described subject matter. Changes in design variables include, but are not limited to: the size, location and number of orifices (if any); the number and spacing of concentric cut line circles; the number of cuts per concentric circle; the length of the hinges; and the width of the cuts. Portions of the restrictor may also remain as a static plate; i.e. do not move when the spring elements are actuated. This creates a greater flow resistance, similar to that of an orifice plate, and thus a different pressure-flow correlation across the flow range. Restrictor 510 illustrates one such embodiment, wherein the spring element is situated within a larger, fixed orifice plate. Also included within the scope of the invention are discretionary concentric arrangements of orifice and spring plate elements, where the spring plate may be situated within an orifice, or vice versa.
In general, the pattern of the spring element cuts is preferred to be symmetrical to ensure an even load across the spring plate resistor. An asymmetrical pattern that causes an uneven load may increase the stress at certain areas of the restrictor, and thus increase the likelihood of failure. One example of a pattern with uneven loading is seen in the seismometer spring of U.S. patent no. 3,602,490.
The cuts of the spring element are not restricted to concentric circles, as in the preferred embodiments, provided that a spring mechanism allowing for expansion is established. One alternative possibility is to have the cuts extend along overlapping spiral paths, similar to flat spiral springs described in U.S. patent no. 5,522,214, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The longer cuts allow for greater expansion of the spring by reducing the stiffness, but may result in reduced control over the dynamic behavior of the spring.
The spring plate restrictor 10 is constructed from a single piece of material for simplicity and cost efficiency. The material used for the spring plate is to have properties that allow the dynamic behavior of the spring flexural element, so a thin, durable material is ideal. Considerations must be taken as to the endurance limit of the selected material. Alternating bidirectional flows, as commonly seen in spirometry, will cause cyclic stresses to the restrictor, and the material selection and design of the restrictor must be such that the peak stress is below the endurance limit of the material to prevent failure due to fatigue. The use of strain reliefs 22 helps to reduce the applied stress and the likelihood of a failure occurring at any given hinge 20. In the preferred embodiment of spring plate resistor 10, the material is 0.001" thick Stainless Steel 316, selected for its allowance for design for an infinite life, as well as its biocompatibility, for use in spirometric applications.
The fabrication of a spring plate resistor is dependent on the selected material; options include stamping, laser cutting, and chemical etching. The preferred method for construction of resistor 10 is chemical etching, which provides the best consistency between manufactured units, is more cost-effective for larger-scale production than alternate fabrication methods, and generates clean cuts of roughly 0.005" width for the spring features of the resistor. If the cuts are not clean or too narrow, this may interfere with the operation of the spring elements and prevent proper expansion of the spring plate resistor.
The correlation between fluid flow and measured differential pressure is dependent on the geometries of the features of the spring plate resistor, which can be tuned and optimized for the application in which the apparatus is used. A stiffer material would generate a larger range of differential pressures, which would increase the sensitivity of flow measurements but also increases the flow resistance. The addition of an orifice to the plate element of the resistor would decrease the flow resistance; as a result, portions of the flow-pressure curve would more closely resemble that of a standard orifice plate. The design of the spring element of the resistor determines the behavior of the spring and the openings created when the spring is extended, which also impacts the flow-pressure correlation. These features can be tuned for the specific application, which may have different variables such as fluid composition, range of flows, and diameter of the pipe. The design of a given spring plate resistor for a given application would take these factors into account, and also consider fatigue life. In addition, the exact pressure-flow correlation desired for a given application would then have to be determined for that specific application.
The present description is of the best presently contemplated mode of carrying out the subject matter disclosed herein. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the subject matter and not to be taken in a limiting sense; the described subject matter can find utility in a variety of implementations without departing from the scope of the invention made, as will be apparent to those of skill in the art from an understanding of the principles that underlie the invention.

Claims

We Claim:
1. A variable resistance flow resistor comprising a flat spring plate, the spring plate comprising a plurality of cuts therethrough to create flexural spring elements having parallel construction with multiple hinges between each spring element.
PCT/CA2018/000204 2017-10-30 2018-10-30 Spring plate flow restrictor WO2019084660A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US62/579,025 2017-10-30

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112461303A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-03-09 浙江工业大学 Flowmeter for measuring gas flow

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2614423A (en) * 1947-10-07 1952-10-21 James H Carbone Fluid flow orifice structure
US2936482A (en) * 1955-06-30 1960-05-17 Du Pont Spinneret assembly
US6371262B1 (en) * 1999-04-28 2002-04-16 Tokico Ltd. Damping force control type hydraulic shock absorber

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2614423A (en) * 1947-10-07 1952-10-21 James H Carbone Fluid flow orifice structure
US2936482A (en) * 1955-06-30 1960-05-17 Du Pont Spinneret assembly
US6371262B1 (en) * 1999-04-28 2002-04-16 Tokico Ltd. Damping force control type hydraulic shock absorber

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112461303A (en) * 2020-11-05 2021-03-09 浙江工业大学 Flowmeter for measuring gas flow

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