WO2019056829A1 - 轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法 - Google Patents

轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056829A1
WO2019056829A1 PCT/CN2018/094228 CN2018094228W WO2019056829A1 WO 2019056829 A1 WO2019056829 A1 WO 2019056829A1 CN 2018094228 W CN2018094228 W CN 2018094228W WO 2019056829 A1 WO2019056829 A1 WO 2019056829A1
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car
self
wire rope
locking device
hydraulic rod
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English (en)
French (fr)
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毛小明
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B11/00—Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B11/04—Driving gear ; Details thereof, e.g. seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures
    • B66B9/04—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures actuated pneumatically or hydraulically

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a car self-propelled elevator and a control method thereof.
  • car elevators are the most common in life, and most of the elevator accidents exposed are in such elevators.
  • the existing car elevator mainly includes a brake, a buffer, a safety clamp, a speed limiter, a ladder well, a traction motor, a wire rope, a car guide rail, a car, a counterweight guide rail, a counterweight device, etc.
  • the two ends of the hoisting wire rope of the van elevator are respectively connected with the car and the counterweight device, and the sling wire rope is wound around the ⁇ guide wheel and the guide wheel, and the ⁇ ⁇ motor is driven by the speed reducer to drive the ⁇ guide wheel to rotate.
  • the traction force generated by the friction between the lead rope and the ⁇ guide wheel realizes the lifting movement of the car and the counterweight to achieve the transportation purpose.
  • the wire rope needs to slide up and down, and the wire rope is unidirectional or alternating curved around the traction sheave, the guide wheel and the reverse sheave, and the wire rope is roped.
  • the tank is also subjected to a high specific pressure and is prone to fatigue damage.
  • the sling wire rope not only bears the weight of the car, but also bears the weight of the counterweight device, which easily causes overload damage and thus greatly affects The service life of the elevator.
  • the present invention provides a car self-propelled elevator and a control method thereof, which greatly reduces the bearing capacity of the wire rope without a weight lifting device; and the upper and lower ends of the wire rope during the car lifting movement It is fixed; thus reducing the overload damage and fatigue damage of the wire rope and improving the service life of the elevator.
  • a car self-propelled elevator comprising:
  • a wire rope (21) comprising two or more and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the car (10), and the upper and lower ends of the wire rope (21) are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the elevator shaft (20), respectively.
  • the car (10) moves up and down along the wire rope (21);
  • a gravity self-locking device (40) disposed on the wire rope (21) and cooperatively engaged with the car (10) to perform the wire rope (21) by the weight of the car (10) Locking and positioning;
  • a lower synchronization frame (60) disposed below the car (10);
  • a lifting hydraulic rod (30) comprising two or more and symmetrically disposed above and below the car (10), one end of the upper lifting hydraulic rod (30) being fixedly disposed on the upper synchronous frame ( 50) and the other end is fixedly disposed at an upper portion of the car (10), one end of the lower lifting hydraulic rod (30) is fixedly disposed on the lower synchronous frame (60) and the other end is fixedly disposed on the sedan The lower part of the compartment (10).
  • the wire rope (21) comprises four or more and is symmetrically disposed on the front and rear sides of the car (10), and/or symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the car (10).
  • the gravity self-locking device (40) comprises one or more sets, each set comprising two or more rollers (41), the rollers (41) being symmetrically disposed on two of the wire ropes (21) Side; in the unlocked state, the distance between the rollers (41) on both sides is greater than the outer diameter of the wire rope (21); in the locked state, the rollers (41) on both sides move along a preset trajectory until the pitch is smaller than the wire rope ( The outer diameter of 21) is used to clamp the wire rope (21).
  • the utility model further comprises an unlocking hydraulic rod (42), the gravity self-locking device (40) is provided with a pressing rod (45) cooperatively engaged with the roller (41), and is driven by the unlocking hydraulic rod (42) The pressure bar (45) moves, and the pressure bar (45) further moves the roller (41) from a locked state to the unlocked state.
  • an unlocking hydraulic rod (42) the gravity self-locking device (40) is provided with a pressing rod (45) cooperatively engaged with the roller (41), and is driven by the unlocking hydraulic rod (42)
  • the pressure bar (45) moves, and the pressure bar (45) further moves the roller (41) from a locked state to the unlocked state.
  • the gravity self-locking device (40) comprises two or more groups and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the wire rope (21); the pressure bar (45) of the gravity self-locking device (40) above and the gravity below
  • the pressing rod (45) of the self-locking device (40) is cooperatively engaged;
  • the unlocking hydraulic rod (42) is disposed under the lowermost gravity self-locking device (40), and the unlocking hydraulic rod (42) passes through the linkage rod ( 44) driving the pressing rod (45) to move upward, the pressing rod (45) further moving the roller (41) of the lowermost gravity self-locking device (40) to the unlocked state, and passing through the lower portion
  • the pressing rod (45) of the gravity self-locking device (40) drives the upper pressing rod (45) of the gravity self-locking device (40) to synchronously move upward and the corresponding roller (41) to move up to the unlocked state.
  • the gravity self-locking device (40) includes a left portion and a right portion, and the left portion and the right portion are fixedly connected by a buckle (43); the rollers (41) are respectively disposed at the The left portion and the right portion, the wire rope (21) passes between the left portion and the right portion.
  • the car (10) is further provided with a rigid guide rail (22) extending from the top to the bottom of the hoistway (20), and the guide rails (22) are symmetrically disposed at The central portion of the front and rear sides of the car (10), and/or the rails (22) are symmetrically disposed in the middle of the left and right sides of the car (10).
  • the car (10) is also fixedly provided with a hydraulic pump (11) and an electric control device (12), wherein the hydraulic pump (11) is disposed at the bottom of the car (10), An electronic control device (12) is disposed at the top of the car (10), and the electronic control device (12) further includes: a wireless communication module, a charging module, and a control module.
  • the present invention further provides a car self-propelled elevator control method according to any one of the above-mentioned car self-propelled elevators, comprising the following steps:
  • the gravity self-locking device (40) is controlled to unlock the wire rope (21), so that the car (10) overcomes the frictional force of the wire rope (21) downward by gravity. motion;
  • step a when the elevator is descending, the gravity screw (42) is extended and the gravity self-locking device (40) is driven to the unlocked state, thereby unlocking the wire rope (21);
  • step b when the elevator descends to the predetermined floor, the gravity self-locking device (40) is moved to the locked state by retracting the unlocking hydraulic rod (42), thereby locking the wire rope (21). .
  • the invention lifts and controls the elevator car by the gravity self-locking device and the lifting hydraulic rod, without the weight lifting device, greatly reducing the bearing capacity of the wire rope; and during the car lifting movement, the wire rope is up and down The two ends are fixed; thereby reducing the overload damage and fatigue damage of the wire rope, and improving the service life of the elevator;
  • the invention controls the upward movement of the car by the lifting hydraulic rod, and controls the downward movement of the car by unlocking the hydraulic rod, thereby realizing full hydraulic control, and the structure is simple and reliable;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a descending state of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ascending state of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of an ascending state of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a third structural schematic diagram of an ascending state of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the upper or lower synchronization frame of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an upper synchronization frame of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a lower synchronization frame of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of a gravity self-locking device of a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a front elevational view of the gravity self-locking device of the car self-propelled elevator of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a top plan view of a gravity self-locking device for a car self-propelled elevator according to the present invention.
  • a car self-propelled elevator of the present invention includes:
  • the wire rope 21 includes two or more and symmetrically disposed on both sides of the car 10, and the upper and lower ends of the wire rope 21 are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the elevator shaft 20, respectively, along which the car 10 is along the wire rope 21 Carry out lifting movements;
  • a gravity self-locking device 40 is disposed on the wire rope 21 and cooperatively cooperates with the car 10 to lock and position the wire rope 21 by using the weight of the car 10;
  • An upper synchronization frame 50 disposed above the car 10;
  • the lifting hydraulic rod 30 includes two or more and is symmetrically disposed above and below the car 10, and one end of the upper lifting hydraulic rod 30 is fixedly disposed on the upper synchronous frame 50 and the other end is fixedly disposed at An upper portion of the car 10, one end of the lower elevating hydraulic rod 30 is fixedly disposed on the lower synchronizing frame 60 and the other end is fixedly disposed at a lower portion of the car 10.
  • the elevating hydraulic rod 30 of the present embodiment includes eight and is respectively disposed at the corner of the car 10, four of which are connected to the upper portion of the synchronizing frame 50 and the car 10, and the other four are connected to the lower synchronizing frame 60 and the car.
  • the wire rope 21 includes four or more and is symmetrically disposed on the front and rear sides of the car 10, and/or symmetrically disposed on the left and right sides of the car 10.
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 includes one or more sets, each set including two or more rollers 41, and the rollers 41 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the wire rope 21.
  • the wire rope 21 includes four and symmetrically disposed on the front and rear sides of the car 10; the gravity self-locking device 40 includes eight groups, four of which are disposed on the upper synchronization frame 50, and the other four groups. They are disposed on the lower synchronization frame 60 and are matched with the wire rope 21.
  • the distance between the rollers 41 on both sides is greater than the outer diameter of the wire 21; in the locked state, the rollers 41 on both sides are moved along a predetermined trajectory to a pitch smaller than the outer diameter of the wire 21 to the wire rope 21 clamp positioning.
  • the upper synchronization frame 50 and the lower synchronization frame 60 of the embodiment further respectively provide an unlocking hydraulic rod 42 corresponding to the position of the gravity self-locking device 40, and the gravity self-locking device 40 is provided with the roller 41 in cooperation with the roller 41.
  • the pressing lever 45 drives the pressing rod 45 to move by the unlocking hydraulic rod 42, and the pressing rod 45 further moves the roller 41 from the locked state to the unlocked state.
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 includes two or more sets and is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the wire rope 21; the pressure of the upper gravity self-locking device 40 and the pressure of the gravity self-locking device 40 below
  • the lever 45 is cooperatively engaged; the unlocking hydraulic rod 42 is disposed under the lowermost gravity self-locking device 40, and the unlocking hydraulic rod 42 drives the pressing rod 45 to move upward by the linkage rod 44, and the pressing rod 45 further
  • the roller 41 of the lowermost gravity self-locking device 40 is moved to the unlocked state, and is driven by the pressing lever 45 of the gravity self-locking device 40 below to simultaneously move upward and move the pressing rod 45 of the gravity self-locking device 40.
  • the corresponding roller 41 is moved up to the unlocked state.
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 includes a left portion and a right portion, and the left portion and the right portion are fixedly connected by a lock 43; the rollers 41 are respectively disposed at the left portion and the right portion In part, the wire rope 21 passes between the left portion and the right portion.
  • the car 10 is further provided with a rigid guide rail 22 extending from the top to the bottom of the hoistway 20, and the guide rails 22 are symmetrically disposed in front of the car 10.
  • the middle portions of the side and rear sides, and/or the guide rails 22 are symmetrically disposed at the center of the left and right sides of the car 10.
  • the car 10 is also fixedly provided with a hydraulic pump 11 and an electric control device 12, wherein the hydraulic pump 11 is disposed at the bottom of the car 10, and the electric control device 12 is disposed at the The top of the car 10 is described, and the electronic control device 12 further includes: a wireless communication module, a charging module, and a control module.
  • the present invention further provides a car self-propelled elevator control method according to any one of the above-mentioned car self-propelled elevators, comprising the following steps:
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 is controlled to unlock the wire rope 21, so that the car 10 overcomes the frictional force of the wire rope 21 to move downward under the action of gravity;
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 is controlled to lock the wire rope 21 so that the car 10 stops running;
  • the unlocking hydraulic rod 42 extends and drives the gravity self-locking device 40 to the unlocked state, thereby unlocking the wire rope 21;
  • the gravity self-locking device 40 is moved to the locked state by the unlocking of the hydraulic rod 42 to lock the wire rope 21 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法，电梯包括：钢丝绳、重力自锁装置、上同步架、下同步架、升降液压杆；钢丝绳的上下两端分别与电梯井的顶部和底部固定连接；重力自锁装置设置在钢丝绳上并与轿厢联动配合；上同步架设置在轿厢的上方；下同步架设置在轿厢的下方；升降液压杆对称设置在轿厢的上方和下方，上方的升降液压杆连接上同步架和轿厢的上部，下方的升降液压杆连接下同步架和轿厢的下部；因此，本发明的轿厢自行式电梯无需对重装置，极大的减小了钢丝绳的承重量；而且在轿厢升降运动过程中，钢丝绳上下两端固定不动；从而减小了钢丝绳的过载损坏和疲劳损坏，提高了电梯的使用寿命。

Description

轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法。
背景技术
商场内常见的手扶式自动扶梯，住宅楼内常见的轿厢式电梯。其中，轿厢式电梯在生活中最常见，曝光的电梯事故也多数是在这类电梯内发生的。
现有的轿厢式电梯主要包括制动器、缓冲器、安全钳、限速器、梯井、拽引电机、拽引钢丝绳、轿厢导轨、轿厢、对重导轨、对重装置等等，轿厢式电梯的拽引钢丝绳的两端分别连着轿厢和对重装置，且拽引钢丝绳缠绕在拽引轮和导向轮上，拽引电动机通过减速器变速后带动拽引轮转动，靠拽引绳与拽引轮摩擦产生的牵引力，实现轿厢和对重的升降运动，达到运输目的。
由于现有的轿厢式电梯，其轿厢在升降运动过程中，一方面，拽引钢丝绳需要上下滑动，钢丝绳绕曳引轮、导向轮以及反绳轮单向或交变弯曲，钢丝绳在绳槽中也承受着较高的比压，容易产生疲劳损坏；另一方面，拽引钢丝绳不仅要承受轿厢的重量，还要承受对重装置的重量，容易导致过载损坏，从而极大的影响了电梯的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明为解决上述问题，提供了一种轿厢自行式电梯及其控制方法，无需对重装置，极大的减小了钢丝绳的承重量；而且在轿厢升降运动过程中，钢丝绳上下两端固定不动；从而减小了钢丝绳的过载损坏和疲劳损坏，提高了电梯的使用寿命。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种轿厢自行式电梯，其包括：
钢丝绳(21)，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在轿厢(10)的两侧，且钢丝绳(21)的上下两端分别与电梯井(20)的顶部和底部固定连接，所述轿厢(10)沿着所述钢丝绳(21)进行升降运动；
重力自锁装置(40)，其设置在所述钢丝绳(21)上，并与所述轿厢(10)联动配合，以利用所述轿厢(10)的重量对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位；
上同步架(50)，其设置在所述轿厢(10)的上方；
下同步架(60)，其设置在所述轿厢(10)的下方；
升降液压杆(30)，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的上方和下方，所述上方的升降液压杆(30)的一端固定设置在所述上同步架(50)且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢(10)的上部，所述下方的升降液压杆(30)的一端固定设置在所述下同步架(60)且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢(10)的下部。
优选的，所述钢丝绳(21)包括四个及以上，并对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的前后两侧，和/或，对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的左右两侧。
优选的，所述重力自锁装置(40)包括一组及以上，每组包括两个及以上的滚柱(41)，所述滚柱(41)对称设置在所述钢丝绳(21)的两侧；解锁状态时，两侧滚柱(41)的间距大于所述钢丝绳(21)的外径；锁定状态时，两侧滚柱(41)沿预设轨迹运动至其间距小于所述钢丝绳(21)的外径以对所述钢丝绳(21)进行夹紧定位。
优选的，还包括解锁液压杆(42)，所述重力自锁装置(40)设有与所述滚柱(41)联动配合的压杆(45)，通过所述解锁液压杆(42)驱动所述压杆(45)运动，所述压杆(45)进一步将所述滚柱(41)从锁定状态移动至所述解锁状态。
进一步的，所述重力自锁装置(40)包括两组及以上，并沿着所述钢丝绳(21)纵向排列设置；上方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)与下方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)联动配合；所述解锁液压杆(42)设置在最下方的重力自锁装置(40)之下，所述解锁液压杆(42)通过联动杆(44)驱动所述压杆(45)向上运动，所述压杆(45)进一步将最下方的重力自锁装置(40)的滚柱(41)上移至所述解锁状态，并通过下方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)驱动上方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)同步向上运动及带动对应的滚柱(41)上移至所述解锁状态。
进一步的，所述重力自锁装置(40)包括左部分和右部分，且所述左部分和所述右部分通过锁扣(43)固定连接；所述滚柱(41)分别设置在所述左部分和所述右部分，所述钢丝绳(21)从所述左部分和所述右部分之间穿过。
优选的，所述轿厢(10)还设有刚性的导轨(22)，所述导轨(22)从所述电梯井(20)的顶部延伸至底部，且所述导轨(22)对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的前侧和后侧的中部，和/或，所述导轨(22)对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的左侧和右侧的中部。
优选的，所述轿厢(10)还固定设置有液压泵(11)和电控装置(12)，其中，所述液压泵(11)设置在所述轿厢(10)的底部，所述电控装置(12)设置在所述轿厢(10)的顶部，且所述电控装置(12)进一步包括：无线通信模块、充电模块、控制模块。
另外，本发明还在上述任一项所述的轿厢自行式电梯的基础上，进一步提供了一种轿厢自行式电梯的控制方法，其包括以下步骤：
a.电梯下行时，控制所述重力自锁装置(40)对所述钢丝绳(21)进行 解锁，使得所述轿厢(10)在重力作用下克服所述钢丝绳(21)的摩擦力向下运动；
b.电梯下行至预定楼层时，控制所述重力自锁装置(40)对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位，使得所述轿厢(10)停止运行；
c.电梯上行时，首先，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)的伸出速度小于所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)的伸出速度；然后，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)的缩回速度大于所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)的缩回速度；接着，在所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)未缩回到底时，所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)再次伸出；如此循环；
d.电梯上行至预定楼层时，首选，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)缩回到底，然后，再控制所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)缩回到底。
进一步的，所述的步骤a中，电梯下行时，通过解锁液压杆(42)伸出并驱动所述重力自锁装置(40)运动至解锁状态，进而对所述钢丝绳(21)进行解锁；所述的步骤b中，电梯下行至预定楼层时，通过解锁液压杆(42)缩回使得所述重力自锁装置(40)运动至锁定状态，进而对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)、本发明通过重力自锁装置和升降液压杆对电梯轿厢进行升降控制，无需对重装置，极大的减小了钢丝绳的承重量；而且在轿厢升降运动过程中，钢丝绳上下两端固定不动；从而减小了钢丝绳的过载损坏和疲劳损坏，提高了电梯的使用寿命；
(2)、本发明通过升降液压杆控制轿厢的上行运动，并通过解锁液压杆控制轿厢的下行运动，从而实现全程液压控制，结构简单可靠；
(3)、本发明采用钢丝绳和导轨的双导向结构，使得电梯轿厢运行更平稳。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本发明的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的下行状态的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的上行状态的结构示意图之一；
图3为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的上行状态的结构示意图之二；
图4为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的上行状态的结构示意图之三；
图5为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的上同步架或下同步架的横向剖视图；
图6为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的上同步架的结构示意图；
图7为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的下同步架的结构示意图；
图8为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的重力自锁装置的侧视图；
图9为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的重力自锁装置的正视图；
图10为本发明一种轿厢自行式电梯的重力自锁装置的俯视图；
图中：
10-轿厢；11-液压泵；12-电控装置；
20-电梯井；21-钢丝绳；22-导轨；
30-升降液压杆；
40-重力自锁装置；41-滚柱；42-解锁液压杆；43-锁扣；44-联动杆；441- 第一端；442-第二端；45-压杆；
50-上同步架；
60-下同步架。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、明白，以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
如图1至图10所示，本发明的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其包括：
钢丝绳21，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在轿厢10的两侧，且钢丝绳21的上下两端分别与电梯井20的顶部和底部固定连接，所述轿厢10沿着所述钢丝绳21进行升降运动；
重力自锁装置40，其设置在所述钢丝绳21上，并与所述轿厢10联动配合，以利用所述轿厢10的重量对所述钢丝绳21进行锁紧定位；
上同步架50，其设置在所述轿厢10的上方；
下同步架60，其设置在所述轿厢10的下方；
升降液压杆30，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在所述轿厢10的上方和下方，所述上方的升降液压杆30的一端固定设置在所述上同步架50且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢10的上部，所述下方的升降液压杆30的一端固定设置在所述下同步架60且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢10的下部。
本实施例的升降液压杆30包括八个并分别设置在所述轿厢10的角部，其中四个连接上同步架50和轿厢10的上部，另四个连接下同步架60和轿厢10的下部；或者，在可以根据轿厢10的重量级别，最少也可以分别仅设置一个上方的升降液压杆30和一个下方的升降液压杆30，且分别设置在轿厢 10的中部。
如图5至图10所示，所述钢丝绳21包括四个及以上，并对称设置在所述轿厢10的前后两侧，和/或，对称设置在所述轿厢10的左右两侧。所述重力自锁装置40包括一组及以上，每组包括两个及以上的滚柱41，所述滚柱41对称设置在所述钢丝绳21的两侧。本实施例中，所述钢丝绳21包括四个并对称设置在所述轿厢10的前后两侧；所述重力自锁装置40包括八组，其中四组设置在上同步架50，另四组设置在下同步架60，且均与所述钢丝绳21相配合。解锁状态时，两侧滚柱41的间距大于所述钢丝绳21的外径；锁定状态时，两侧滚柱41沿预设轨迹运动至其间距小于所述钢丝绳21的外径以对所述钢丝绳21进行夹紧定位。
另外，本实施例的上同步架50和下同步架60还分别对应所述重力自锁装置40的位置设置解锁液压杆42，所述重力自锁装置40设有与所述滚柱41联动配合的压杆45，通过所述解锁液压杆42驱动所述压杆45运动，所述压杆45进一步将所述滚柱41从锁定状态移动至所述解锁状态。本实施例中，所述重力自锁装置40包括两组及以上，并沿着所述钢丝绳21纵向排列设置；上方的重力自锁装置40的压杆45与下方的重力自锁装置40的压杆45联动配合；所述解锁液压杆42设置在最下方的重力自锁装置40之下，所述解锁液压杆42通过联动杆44驱动所述压杆45向上运动，所述压杆45进一步将最下方的重力自锁装置40的滚柱41上移至所述解锁状态，并通过下方的重力自锁装置40的压杆45驱动上方的重力自锁装置40的压杆45同步向上运动及带动对应的滚柱41上移至所述解锁状态。进一步的，所述重力自锁装置40包括左部分和右部分，且所述左部分和所述右部分通过锁扣43固定连接；所述滚柱41分别设置在所述左部分和所述右部分，所述钢丝绳21从所述左 部分和所述右部分之间穿过。
如图5所示，所述轿厢10还设有刚性的导轨22，所述导轨22从所述电梯井20的顶部延伸至底部，且所述导轨22对称设置在所述轿厢10的前侧和后侧的中部，和/或，所述导轨22对称设置在所述轿厢10的左侧和右侧的中部。
如图3所示，所述轿厢10还固定设置有液压泵11和电控装置12，其中，所述液压泵11设置在所述轿厢10的底部，所述电控装置12设置在所述轿厢10的顶部，且所述电控装置12进一步包括：无线通信模块、充电模块、控制模块。
如图1至图4所示，本发明还在上述任一项所述的轿厢自行式电梯的基础上，进一步提供了一种轿厢自行式电梯的控制方法，其包括以下步骤：
a.电梯下行时，如图1所示，控制所述重力自锁装置40对所述钢丝绳21进行解锁，使得所述轿厢10在重力作用下克服所述钢丝绳21的摩擦力向下运动；
b.电梯下行至预定楼层时，控制所述重力自锁装置40对所述钢丝绳21进行锁紧定位，使得所述轿厢10停止运行；
c.电梯上行时，首先，如图2所示，控制所述轿厢10的下方的升降液压杆30的伸出；如图3所示，控制所述轿厢10的下方的升降液压杆30的伸出速度小于所述轿厢10的上方的升降液压杆30的伸出速度；然后，如图4所示，控制所述轿厢10的下方的升降液压杆30的缩回速度大于所述轿厢10的上方的升降液压杆30的缩回速度；接着，在所述轿厢10的上方的升降液压杆30未缩回到底时，所述轿厢10的下方的升降液压杆30再次伸出；如此循环；
d.电梯上行至预定楼层时，首选，控制所述轿厢10的下方的升降液压杆30缩回到底，然后，再控制所述轿厢10的上方的升降液压杆30缩回到底。
本实施例中，所述的步骤a中，电梯下行时，通过解锁液压杆42伸出并驱动所述重力自锁装置40运动至解锁状态，进而对所述钢丝绳21进行解锁；所述的步骤b中，电梯下行至预定楼层时，通过解锁液压杆42缩回使得所述重力自锁装置40运动至锁定状态，进而对所述钢丝绳21进行锁紧定位。
需要说明的是，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。对于方法实施例而言，由于其与装置实施例基本相似，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见装置实施例的部分说明即可。
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于，包括：
    钢丝绳(21)，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在轿厢(10)的两侧，且钢丝绳(21)的上下两端分别与电梯井(20)的顶部和底部固定连接，所述轿厢(10)沿着所述钢丝绳(21)进行升降运动；
    重力自锁装置(40)，其设置在所述钢丝绳(21)上，并与所述轿厢(10)联动配合，以利用所述轿厢(10)的重量对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位；
    上同步架(50)，其设置在所述轿厢(10)的上方；
    下同步架(60)，其设置在所述轿厢(10)的下方；
    升降液压杆(30)，其包括两个及以上并对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的上方和下方，所述上方的升降液压杆(30)的一端固定设置在所述上同步架(50)且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢(10)的上部，所述下方的升降液压杆(30)的一端固定设置在所述下同步架(60)且另一端固定设置在所述轿厢(10)的下部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述钢丝绳(21)包括四个及以上，并对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的前后两侧，和/或，对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的左右两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述重力自锁装置(40)包括一组及以上，每组包括两个及以上的滚柱(41)，所述滚柱(41)对称设置在所述钢丝绳(21)的两侧；解锁状态时，两侧滚柱(41)的间距大于所述钢丝绳(21)的外径；锁定状态时，两侧滚柱(41)沿预设轨迹运动至其间距小于所述钢丝绳(21)的外径以对所述钢丝绳(21)进行夹紧定位。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：还包括解 锁液压杆(42)，所述重力自锁装置(40)设有与所述滚柱(41)联动配合的压杆(45)，通过所述解锁液压杆(42)驱动所述压杆(45)运动，所述压杆(45)进一步将所述滚柱(41)从锁定状态移动至所述解锁状态。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述重力自锁装置(40)包括两组及以上，并沿着所述钢丝绳(21)纵向排列设置；上方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)与下方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)联动配合；所述解锁液压杆(42)设置在最下方的重力自锁装置(40)之下，所述解锁液压杆(42)通过联动杆(44)驱动所述压杆(45)向上运动，所述压杆(45)进一步将最下方的重力自锁装置(40)的滚柱(41)上移至所述解锁状态，并通过下方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)驱动上方的重力自锁装置(40)的压杆(45)同步向上运动及带动对应的滚柱(41)上移至所述解锁状态。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述重力自锁装置(40)包括左部分和右部分，且所述左部分和所述右部分通过锁扣(43)固定连接；所述滚柱(41)分别设置在所述左部分和所述右部分，所述钢丝绳(21)从所述左部分和所述右部分之间穿过。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述轿厢(10)还设有刚性的导轨(22)，所述导轨(22)从所述电梯井(20)的顶部延伸至底部，且所述导轨(22)对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的前侧和后侧的中部，和/或，所述导轨(22)对称设置在所述轿厢(10)的左侧和右侧的中部。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种轿厢自行式电梯，其特征在于：所述轿厢(10)还固定设置有液压泵(11)和电控装置(12)，其中，所述液压泵(11) 设置在所述轿厢(10)的底部，所述电控装置(12)设置在所述轿厢(10)的顶部，且所述电控装置(12)进一步包括：无线通信模块、充电模块、控制模块。
  9. 一种如权利要求1至8任一项所述的轿厢自行式电梯的控制方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    a.电梯下行时，控制所述重力自锁装置(40)对所述钢丝绳(21)进行解锁，使得所述轿厢(10)在重力作用下克服所述钢丝绳(21)的摩擦力向下运动；
    b.电梯下行至预定楼层时，控制所述重力自锁装置(40)对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位，使得所述轿厢(10)停止运行；
    c.电梯上行时，首先，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)的伸出速度小于所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)的伸出速度；然后，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)的缩回速度大于所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)的缩回速度；接着，在所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)未缩回到底时，所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)再次伸出；如此循环；
    d.电梯上行至预定楼层时，首选，控制所述轿厢(10)的下方的升降液压杆(30)缩回到底，然后，再控制所述轿厢(10)的上方的升降液压杆(30)缩回到底。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的轿厢自行式电梯的控制方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤a中，电梯下行时，通过解锁液压杆(42)伸出并驱动所述重力自锁装置(40)运动至解锁状态，进而对所述钢丝绳(21)进行解锁；所述的步骤b中，电梯下行至预定楼层时，通过解锁液压杆(42)缩回使得所述 重力自锁装置(40)运动至锁定状态，进而对所述钢丝绳(21)进行锁紧定位。
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