WO2019056382A1 - 液体燃料 - Google Patents

液体燃料 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019056382A1
WO2019056382A1 PCT/CN2017/103211 CN2017103211W WO2019056382A1 WO 2019056382 A1 WO2019056382 A1 WO 2019056382A1 CN 2017103211 W CN2017103211 W CN 2017103211W WO 2019056382 A1 WO2019056382 A1 WO 2019056382A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid fuel
component
oil component
mass
light oil
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Application number
PCT/CN2017/103211
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈鸿林
Original Assignee
陈鸿林
陈淑敏
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 陈鸿林, 陈淑敏 filed Critical 陈鸿林
Priority to PCT/CN2017/103211 priority Critical patent/WO2019056382A1/zh
Priority to US17/253,478 priority patent/US11299683B2/en
Publication of WO2019056382A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019056382A1/zh

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/04—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons
    • C10L1/08—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons for compression ignition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
    • C10L2200/0415—Light distillates, e.g. LPG, naphtha
    • C10L2200/0423—Gasoline
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
    • C10L2200/0461—Fractions defined by their origin
    • C10L2200/0469—Renewables or materials of biological origin
    • C10L2200/0476—Biodiesel, i.e. defined lower alkyl esters of fatty acids first generation biodiesel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/04—Catalyst added to fuel stream to improve a reaction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of fuels, in particular to a liquid fuel obtained by blending heavy oil by adding a suitable proportion of hydrocarbon substances, which has good driving performance, combustion performance and safety, and can be applied to diesel fuel as a mixed fuel oil.
  • Chinese Patent No. CN101321849A discloses an alternative fuel preparation which selects vegetable oil monool ester, C5-C11 olefin and C2-C8 alcohol as main components to obtain an alternative fuel for diesel engine, which has diesel fuel. Similar cetane numbers, and the flash point and density are similar to those of diesel, and exhibit better starting properties at low temperatures.
  • the alcohols and olefins in the above alternative fuels need to be prepared and synthesized by a Fischer-Tropsch process, the source of raw materials is limited, and the cost is relatively high;
  • Chinese patent CN101469282A discloses a biodiesel composition, which is specifically formulated to be 25-65% diesel, 5%-35% solvent oil, 10%-25% gasoline, 10%-20% paraffin, kerosene. 5%-15%, the rest are rapeseed oil, waste oil, vegetable oil, animal oil and other oils.
  • the solvent oil and kerosene used in the above formula have not been selected and cut, and contain a large amount of heavy alkane components, and the flash point temperature is difficult to reach the market standard of most countries and regions. Into the standard.
  • the inventors of the present application have conducted research and experiments to find that the light oil component composed of C6-C12 alkane, the catalytic component composed of C13-C16 alkane, and the weight thereof are selected and cut by the fuel component.
  • the oil component is mixed to obtain a diesel alternative liquid fuel, which has good combustion performance and safety, and can meet the application of various diesel equipment.
  • This technology has been filed for PCT International Application WO2017049561A1.
  • the inventors of the present application further adjusted and improved the proportion of each component, and found that the proportion of the catalytic component which increases the alkane composition of C13-C16 can be further improved by using the catalytic component as a main component.
  • the flash point nature of the fuel has better combustion performance, which makes the various technical parameters and indicators of the liquid fuel meet the access standards of major markets such as China and Europe, and has a wider market value.
  • the invention provides a liquid fuel, which can meet the application of various diesel equipments by blending the fuel composition and having good combustion performance and safety.
  • the present invention provides a liquid fuel comprising: a light oil component composed of a C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component composed of a C13-C16 alkane, and a heavy oil component; based on the liquid fuel, the heavy oil
  • the mass content of the component is 10-90%
  • the mass content of the light oil component is 0-49%
  • the mass content of the catalytic component is 10-90%
  • the mass of the catalytic component accounts for More than 86% of the mass of the light oil component
  • the liquid fuel further contains an aromatic hydrocarbon having a mass content of 0-15%.
  • the invention provides a blending fuel, and selects a suitable proportion of the light oil component and the catalytic component to work together, and the safety of the fuel oil is also significantly improved while solving the poor combustibility of the heavy oil fuel.
  • the fuel provided by the present invention has the following four advantages:
  • the light oil component and the catalytic component are first mixed to obtain a flash point-enhanced mixture, thereby effectively improving the safety of the raw material as the liquid fuel during transportation and storage;
  • the addition of the catalytic component increases the compatibility of the heavy oil component with the light oil component, prevents the separation of the heavy oil component and the light oil component in the liquid fuel, and forms a poorly dissolved barrier layer;
  • the present invention provides for a liquid fuel containing heavy oil, i.e., a high quality diesel alternative fuel using an inexpensive heavy oil component, so in a particular embodiment, based on the liquid fuel meter, the heavy oil component
  • the mass content is 10-90%.
  • the heavy oil component content is from 30% to 90%, more preferably from 60% to 80%, and is a high-quality fuel obtained by using inferior resources.
  • the addition of catalytic components is critical to the properties of the liquid fuel.
  • the catalytic component can be advantageously synergistic with the light oil component or the heavy oil component, and the flash point of the fuel mixture can be effectively improved and the combustion can be smoothly performed to achieve good starting performance and safety.
  • the liquid fuel of the present invention can replace the various types of diesel products currently used as diesel engine engine fuel (for high, medium and low speed diesel engine engines by adjusting its cetane number) and diesel/heavy oil combustion system fuel.
  • diesel engine engine fuel for high, medium and low speed diesel engine engines by adjusting its cetane number
  • diesel/heavy oil combustion system fuel can be used as a fuel for automotive diesel or aviation kerosene, or as an aviation jet turbine fuel.
  • the present invention provides a liquid fuel comprising at least a light oil component composed of a C6-C12 alkane, a catalytic component composed of a C13-C16 alkane, and a heavy oil component, and the light oil component enhances fuel performance of the fuel
  • the addition of a suitable proportion of the catalytic component is beneficial to further increase the flash point of the liquid fuel to facilitate compliance with set safety standards.
  • the light oil component may be from a common petroleum raw material such as pyrolysis gasoline, reforming gasoline, etc., and is purified by a cutting process to remove the unfavorable C16+ component, and select a favorable C6-C12 alkane to constitute a light oil component;
  • the present invention refers to the C13-C16 alkane composition as a "catalytic component", and the catalytic component may be derived from common petroleum raw materials such as paraffin, kerosene, etc., and is purified by a cutting process to remove the disadvantageous C16+ group. Points, choose a favorable C13-C16 alkane
  • the catalytic component is composed; the light oil component has a mass content of 0 to 49%, and the catalytic component has a mass of 86% or more of the mass of the light oil component.
  • the specific content of the catalytic component is based on the final fuel closed flash point.
  • the liquid fuel of the present invention should have a closed flash point greater than 47 ° C, more preferably. Has a closed flash point greater than 49 °C.
  • the flash point effect of the catalytic component on the light oil component can be determined first, and the flash point of the finally obtained liquid fuel can be further determined, thereby obtaining a reasonable ratio between the components.
  • the closed flash point after mixing the light oil component with the catalytic component is greater than 47 ° C, more preferably, the closed flash point of the light oil component and the catalytic component is greater than 48 ° C;
  • the catalytic component is directly mixed with the heavy oil component to obtain a closed flash point of the final liquid fuel mixture of more than 85 ° C, and the final liquid fuel is simultaneously Excellent flammability and safety.
  • how to mix the components is not particularly limited.
  • the light oil component and the catalytic component are first mixed, and then mixed with the heavy oil component, or the selected components are combined according to the respective content ratios. Mixing so that the fuel obtained meets the required flash point criteria. In the end, it is reflected that the appropriate amount of light oil component and catalytic component are added, so that the closed flash point of the liquid fuel meets relevant standards as an important indicator of safety.
  • the mixture controlling the light oil component and the catalytic component has a closed flash point higher than 47 ° C, wherein the mass of the catalytic component accounts for 86% to 1000%, preferably 86%, of the mass of the light oil component.
  • the liquid fuel after blending with heavy oil may have a closed flash point above 48 ° C; the mixture of light oil component and catalytic component has a closed flash point above 47 ° C, at which time the mass of the catalytic component accounts for light oil 100%-500%, more preferably 300%-500% of the mass of the component, the liquid fuel after blending with heavy oil may have a closed flash point above 48 °C; when the light oil component is 0%, the catalytic component and the heavy oil component The mixture has a closed flash point above 85 °C.
  • the quality of the catalytic component accounts for 300-500% of the mass of the light oil component, which is beneficial to ensure the expected safety of the fuel, and is beneficial for controlling the final liquid burning.
  • the price/performance ratio of materials It may be that the selected catalytic component is added to the light oil component, or it may be the use of a split fraction from the petroleum processing chain.
  • the light oil component has a mass content of 5% in the fuel
  • the catalytic component has a mass of 500% of the light oil component
  • the catalytic component has a mass content of 25% in the fuel.
  • the total content of the component and catalytic component in the fuel is 30%.
  • the catalytic component of the C13-C16 alkane composition may include a single alkane having 13 to 16 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the catalytic component of the C13-C16 alkane composition comprises a normal paraffin having 13-16 carbons and a mixture of one or more of its isoparaffins, cycloparaffins.
  • the light oil component of the C6-C12 alkane may be a single alkane having 6 to 12 carbons or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the light oil component of the C6-C12 alkane composition comprises one or more of a normal paraffin having 6 to 12 carbons, an isoparaffin thereof, and a cycloalkane. mixture.
  • a normal paraffin having 6 to 12 carbons for example, hexane, heptane, octane, decane, decane, undecane and dodecane, thereby reducing the octane number of the liquid fuel, increasing the cetane number, and replacing it with diesel fuel for use in diesel engines and
  • the liquid fuel of the diesel/heavy oil combustion system achieves high calorific value, low pollution and low cost.
  • the liquid fuel of the present invention is obtained by blending a suitable proportion of a catalytic component and/or a light oil component on the basis of a heavy oil component, based on the liquid fuel meter, the heavy oil component
  • the mass content is from 30 to 90%, preferably from 60 to 80%.
  • the fuel of the invention is derived from a rational blending product of a hydrocarbon component and a heavy oil component having different carbon structure requirements.
  • the hydrocarbon compound as a light oil component and a catalytic component may be a synthetic product, but usually is a refined and refined raw material oil.
  • the cleaner the aromatics are removed the higher the processing cost of the feedstock oil, which is necessarily reflected in the cost of the fuel product.
  • the fuel may contain a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylbenzene, and the content thereof is controlled to be 3-15%.
  • the low carbon aromatic component may be introduced into the selected light oil component or the final fuel to enhance the fuel.
  • the calorific value; the light oil component and the catalytic component can also be selected as the cut fraction on the petroleum processing processing chain, and the latter should be more in line with industrial production means, for example, the crude gasoline fraction often contains certain aromatic hydrocarbons and needs to be refined and removed.
  • a light oil component of the fuel of the present invention for example, C8-12 mineral spirits or other equivalent distillates, all of which contain certain aromatic hydrocarbons, such as toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene. /pentabenzene, etc., used in the fuel of the present invention without removal, not only reduces the cost of raw materials, but the presence of a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons also contributes to the heating value of the fuel.
  • the catalytic component of the appropriate distillation range such as the choice of C13-16 mineral spirits or other equivalent distillates.
  • the invention provides a liquid fuel, which substantially selects a suitable proportion of a highly volatile catalytic component and/or a light oil component as a solvent, and dissolves and formulates the heavy oil component, so that the volatility of the heavy oil is improved.
  • the viscosity is lowered to become a liquid fuel having excellent combustibility.
  • the introduction of a suitable proportion of the catalytic component is to improve the combustion performance of the fuel while improving the safety of use, and to enter the fuel oil market as an alternative fuel for the diesel engine. In this sense, the present invention can be considered as the development and extension of the inventor's own research results for many years.
  • the heavy oil component may include waste engine oil, biodiesel (generally referred to as fatty acid methyl ester/ethyl ester), biological fat (such as animal and vegetable oil) and derivatives thereof, or a combination thereof .
  • biodiesel generally referred to as fatty acid methyl ester/ethyl ester
  • biological fat such as animal and vegetable oil
  • the present invention also provides the use of the liquid fuel as a fuel for a diesel engine engine, particularly as a fuel application for replacing automotive diesel or aviation kerosene.
  • the liquid fuel has a cetane number of 40 or more for high-speed diesel engine fuel;
  • the liquid fuel has a cetane number of 30 or more for medium speed diesel engine fuel; or the liquid fuel has a cetane number of less than 30 for low speed diesel engine fuel.
  • the invention also provides the use of the liquid fuel as a fuel for a diesel/heavy oil combustion system.
  • the invention also provides for the use of the liquid fuel as an aviation jet turbine fuel.
  • the liquid fuel of the present invention is derived from the blending of heavy oil with catalytic components and/or light oil components, exhibiting combustion characteristics of gasoline and kerosene, and the simplest experiment, for example, igniting the liquid fuel in a cylinder for a simulated combustion experiment , measure the cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.
  • the effect can also be explained by the characteristics of the component oil used, which has the effect of adjusting the flash point of the mixture, which, after mixing with the heavy oil component and/or the light oil component, causes the heavy oil component and/or
  • the light oil component can form a more uniform mixture, avoiding the appearance of phase separation; at the same time, the addition of the catalytic component makes the gasification process of the liquid fuel mixture smoother, and the fuel gradually passes through the early flame diffusion period after being injected into the cylinder, the flame During the high-speed propagation period and the flame termination period, the cylinder pressure heat release curve exhibits a smooth single-peak curve without sudden knocking.
  • the liquid fuel of the present invention replaces diesel oil for various diesel engines, and has the advantages of complete combustion, low pollution and even no pollution.
  • the introduction of suitable proportions of light oil components and catalytic components enhances fuel safety.
  • the use of a blending fuel with a heavy oil component as a matrix to replace diesel fuel for a diesel engine provides protection both in terms of technology and market access, and as a clean and Cheap diesel substitutes have more effectively compensated for the weakness of petroleum and diesel resources and costs.
  • liquid fuel The components of liquid fuel are as follows:
  • Light oil component derived from heavy straight run naphtha, distillation range 100-220 ° C, refined by rectification, the determination of its composition is C8-C12 alkane, containing a small amount of toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / propylbenzene Mixed aromatic hydrocarbons such as butylbenzene/pentabenzene, aromatics content of about 5-10%; C6-C12 alkanes mainly including: C6-C12 normal alkanes, C6-C12 isoparaffins, C6-C12 cycloalkanes;
  • Catalytic component derived from petroleum refined kerosene, distillation range 200-300 ° C, refined by rectification, its composition is C13-C16 alkane, containing a small amount of mixed aromatics, mixed aromatics may contain toluene / xylene ethylbenzene / propylbenzene /butylbenzene / pentylbenzene, aromatic content of about 8-15%; C13-C16 alkane mainly includes C13-C16 normal paraffin, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 cycloalkane.
  • Heavy oil component cottonseed oil.
  • Catalytic component / light oil component 300% (mass ratio)
  • the blended oil after blending is determined to have a closed flash point greater than 47 ° C, based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 80% of the heavy oil component, light oil component 5%, 15% of the catalytic component was mixed and formulated to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, and the closed flash point was determined to be greater than 48 °C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.
  • Light oil component derived from heavy cracked naphtha, distillation range 150-220 ° C, refined by distillation, determination
  • the composition is C9-C12 alkane, containing a small amount of mixed aromatic hydrocarbons mainly composed of toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylbenzene, and the aromatic content is about 5-10%;
  • the C9-C12 alkane mainly includes: C9 -C12 normal paraffin, C9-C12 isoparaffin, C9-C12 cycloalkane;
  • Catalytic component derived from petroleum refined kerosene, distillation range 200-300 ° C, refined by rectification, its composition is C13-C16 alkane, containing a small amount of mixed aromatics, mixed aromatics may contain toluene / xylene ethylbenzene / propylbenzene /butylbenzene / pentylbenzene, aromatic content of about 8-15%; C13-C16 alkane mainly includes C13-C16 normal paraffin, C13-C16 isoparaffin and C13-C16 cycloalkane.
  • Heavy oil component soybean oil.
  • Catalytic component / light oil component 500% (mass ratio)
  • the blended oil after blending was determined to have a closed flash point greater than 47 ° C, based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition, 70% of the heavy oil component, light oil component 5%, 25% of the catalytic component, was mixed and formulated to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, and the closed flash point was determined to be greater than 48 °C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.
  • Light oil component derived from C 6 -C 12 solvent oil, refined by rectification, determined as a C6-C12 alkane, containing a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic content of about 15%, including C6-C12 in C6-C12 alkanes Alkane, C6-C12 isoparaffin, -C6-C12 cycloalkane;
  • Catalytic component derived from C13-C16 heavy solvent oil, refined by rectification, its composition is C13-C16 alkane, containing a small amount of aromatic hydrocarbons, mixed aromatics may contain toluene / xylene / ethylbenzene / propylbenzene / butylbenzene / Pentylbenzene has an aromatic content of about 10%, and the C13-C16 alkane mainly includes C13-C16 normal alkanes, C13-C16 isoparaffins, and C13-C16 naphthenes.
  • Heavy oil component waste engine oil.
  • Catalytic component / light oil component 100% (mass ratio), the blended oil after blending was measured to have a closed flash
  • the point is greater than 47 ° C, and the heavy oil component is 60%, the light oil component is 20%, and the catalytic component is 20%, and the mixture is blended according to the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, and the closed mouth is measured.
  • the flash point is greater than 48 ° C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.
  • the mixed oil is determined to have a closed flash point greater than 47 ° C.
  • the heavy oil component is 10%, the light oil component is 48%, and the catalytic component is 42%, and the mixture is blended according to the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition to obtain the liquid of the present invention.
  • the fuel composition was measured to have a closed flash point greater than 48 °C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics, and the aromatics may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylbenzene.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.
  • the components as the light oil component and the catalytic component are the same as in Example 2, but the heavy oil component is Jatropha oil, and the heavy oil component is 70%, and the light oil component is 0, based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition. %, catalytic component 30%, mixed and formulated to obtain the liquid fuel composition of the present invention, and its closed flash point was determined to be greater than 85 °C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics, and the mixed aromatics may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylbenzene.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is burning During the process, the gasification is smooth and there is no knocking phenomenon.
  • the components as the light oil component and the catalytic component are the same as in Example 3, but the heavy oil component is biodiesel, and the heavy oil component is 70%, and the light oil component is 0%, based on the total mass of the final liquid fuel composition.
  • the catalytic component was mixed at 30% to obtain a liquid fuel composition of the present invention, and the closed flash point was determined to be greater than 85 °C.
  • the final liquid fuel mixture may contain from 0 to 15% aromatics, and the mixed aromatics may contain toluene/xylene/ethylbenzene/propylbenzene/butylbenzene/pentylbenzene.
  • the liquid fuel was ignited in a cylinder, and a simulated combustion experiment was performed to determine a cylinder pressure heat release curve.
  • the obtained cylinder pressure heat release curve has a smooth single-peak curve, indicating that the liquid fuel is gasified smoothly during the combustion process without knocking.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

一种通过选择性引入烃类物质对重油进行调和后得到的液体燃料，组成包括：C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分、C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分、和重油组分；基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为10-90％，所述轻油组分的质量含量为0-49％，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的86％以上，所述液体燃料中还可含有质量含量为0-15％的芳烃；所得到的液体燃料具有良好的驱动性能、燃烧性能和安全性，作为混合燃料油能够应用于柴油引擎系统和柴/重油燃烧系统等。

Description

液体燃料 技术领域
本发明涉及燃料技术领域，尤其涉及一种通过加入合适比例的烃类物质对重油进行调和后得到的液体燃料，其具有良好的驱动性能、燃烧性能和安全性，作为混合燃料油能够应用于柴油引擎系统和柴/重油燃烧系统。
背景技术
工业用燃烧系统多采用重油为燃料，其具有价格低廉、安全性好的特点。然而常规的柴/重油燃料仍然由石油类原料提炼得到，在全球原油储备和提炼能力日益下降的情况下，尝试利用部分可再生原料(例如，废植物油或动物油)填补日益扩大的供应缺口已成为现代工业的迫切需求。
现有技术已从不同角度寻找不同的替代燃料。例如，中国专利CN101321849A中公开了一种替代燃料制剂，其选择植物油单醇酯，C5-C11的烯烃以及C2-C8的醇作为主要成分，得到用于柴油机的替代燃料，该替代燃料具有与柴油相似的十六烷值，而且闪点和密度均与柴油相近，并且在低温下表现出较好的启动性质。然而上述替代燃料中的醇和烯烃需要经过费-托工艺进行制备和合成，原料来源受到限制，成本也相对较高；
又如，中国专利CN101469282A中公开了一种生物柴油组合物，其具体配方为柴油25-65％，溶剂油5％-35％，汽油10％-25％，链烷烃10％-20％，煤油5％-15％，其余为菜籽油，地沟油，植物油，动物油等油脂。然而上述配方中虽然得到柴油的替代配方，但是其中采用的溶剂油，煤油等组分均未经过选择和切割，含有大量重质烷烃组分，其闪点温度难以达到多数国家和地区的市场准入标准。
本申请发明人经过研究和试验发现，通过对燃料成分的选择和切割，将C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分，C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分以及重 油组分进行混合可以得到一种柴油的替代液体燃料，该液体燃料同时具有良好的燃烧性能和安全性，可以满足各类柴油设备的应用。该项技术已经申请PCT国际申请WO2017049561A1。
本申请发明人在上述液体燃料配方的基础上，对各成分的比例进一步进行调配和改进，发现提高C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分的比例，将催化组分作为主要成分能够进一步提高替代燃料的闪点性质，具有更好的燃烧性能，使得该液体燃料的各类技术参数和指标符合中国，欧洲等主要市场的准入标准，具有更大范围的市场价值。
发明内容
本发明提供一种液体燃料，通过对燃料组成的调配，同时具有良好的燃烧性能和安全性，可以满足各类柴油设备的应用。
本发明提供一种液体燃料，其组成包括：C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分、C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分、和重油组分；基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为10-90％，所述轻油组分的质量含量为0-49％，所述催化组分的质量含量为10-90％，且所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组份质量的86％以上，所述液体燃料中还含有质量含量为0-15％的芳烃。
本发明提供了一种调和燃料，选择合适比例的轻油组分和催化组分共同作用，在解决重油燃料燃烧性不佳的同时，燃料油的安全性也显著改善。具体而言，本发明提供的燃料具有以下四方面优点：
1.向C6-C12的轻油组分中加入C13-C16的催化组分以及重油组分，选择合适的比例，进一步提高所述液体燃料的闪点；
2.轻油组分与催化组分先进行混合，得到闪点提高的混合物，有效提高作为所述液体燃料的原料在运输和储存过程中的安全性；
3.催化组分的加入增加了重油组分与轻油组分的相容性，防止液体燃料中的重油组分与轻油组分发生分离，形成溶解不良的隔层；
4.加入合适比例的催化组分，使液体燃料的气化和燃烧过程更为平顺，以平顺的方式发生爆燃提供动力，而不会出现不良的爆震现象。
本发明尤其提供了针对含有重油的液体燃料，即，利用价格低廉的重油组分得到高品质的柴油替代燃料，所以，一个具体实施方案中，基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为10-90％。尤其是重油组分含量在30％-90％，更优选在60％-80％，更成为一种利用劣质资源得到的优质燃料。
本发明的实施方案中，催化组分的加入对液体燃料的性质至关重要。选择合适的加入比例，能够使催化组分与轻油组分或重油组分产生有利的协同作用，有效的提高燃料混合物的闪点并保证燃烧的平顺进行，以兼顾良好启动性能和安全性。
本发明的液体燃料可以替代目前已经使用的各类柴油产品作为柴油发动机引擎燃料(通过调整其十六烷值而用于高、中、低速柴油发动机引擎)以及柴/重油燃烧系统燃料。尤其是，可以作为替代车用柴油、航空煤油的燃料，也可以作为航空喷射涡轮机燃料。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种液体燃料，其中至少包含了C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分、C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分、和重油组分，轻油组分提升燃料的燃料性能同时，加入适当比例的催化组分则有利于进一步提高该液体燃料的闪点，以利于符合设定的安全性标准。
其中，所述轻油组分可以来自裂解汽油，重整汽油等常用石油原料，并且其经过切割工艺纯化，除去不利地C16+组分，选择有利地C6-C12的烷烃组成轻油组分；而为便于描述，本发明将所述C13-C16的烷烃组成称为“催化组分”，所述催化组分可以来自石蜡，煤油等常用石油原料，并且其经过切割工艺纯化，除去不利地C16+组分，选择有利地C13-C16的烷烃 组成催化组分；所述轻油组分的质量含量为0-49％，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的86％以上。
在这个范围内，催化组分的具体含量以最终的燃料闭口闪点满足要求为准，为适应多数地区的市场准入标准，本发明的液体燃料应该具有大于47℃的闭口闪点，更优选具有大于49℃的闭口闪点。具体实施方案中，可先确定催化组分对轻油组分的闪点影响，进一步确定最终得到的液体燃料的闪点，从而得到各组分间的合理比例。一般情况下，使所述轻油组分与催化组分混合后的闭口闪点大于47℃，更优选所述轻油组分与催化组分混合后的闭口闪点大于48℃；另外，在不加入轻油组分的情况下(即轻油组分质量含量为0％)，催化组分直接与重油组分混合，得到最终液体燃料混合物的闭口闪点大于85℃，最终的液体燃料同时具有优良的燃烧性和安全性。
本发明的实施方案，如何调配各组分没有特别限定，例如，先混合轻油组分与催化组分，再与重油组分混合，或者，将所选择的组分按照各自的含量比例一并混合，使得到的燃料达到要求的闪点标准。最终均体现为选择合适的轻油组分与催化组分加入量，使该液体燃料的闭口闪点满足相关标准，作为其安全性的重要指标。
具体实施方案中，控制轻油组分与催化组分的混合物具有高于47℃的闭口闪点，此时催化组分的质量占轻油组分质量的86％-1000％，优选为86％-500％，调配重油后的液体燃料可具有48℃以上的闭口闪点；轻油组分与催化组分的混合物具有高于47℃的闭口闪点，此时催化组分的质量占轻油组分质量的100％-500％，更优选300％-500％，调配重油后的液体燃料可具有48℃以上的闭口闪点；轻油组分为0％时，催化组分与重油组分的混合物具有高于85℃的闭口闪点。
具体实施方案中，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的300-500％，比较利于保障燃料具有预期的安全性，且利于控制最终液体燃 料的性价比。可以是将选择的催化组分加入轻油组分，也可以是使用来自石油加工链上的分割馏分。
一个具体实施方案中，轻油组分在燃料中的质量含量为5％，催化组分的质量占轻油组分质量的500％，催化组分在燃料中的质量含量为25％，轻油组分与催化组分在燃料中的总含量为30％。
作为本发明的液体燃料中必备成分，所述C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分可以包括具有13-16个碳的单一烷烃或其中二种以上的混合物。其中，所述C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分包括具有13-16个碳的正构烷烃及其同素异构烷烃、环烷烃中的一种或二种以上的混合物。
本发明的实施方案中，所述C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分可以是包括具有6-12个碳的单一烷烃或其中二种以上的混合物。
更具体的实施方案，所述C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分是包括了具有6-12个碳的正构烷烃及其同素异构烷烃、环烷烃中的一种或二种以上的混合物。例如，己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷、癸烷、十一烷及十二烷，从而降低液体燃料的辛烷值，提高十六烷值，成为可取代柴油而使用于柴油引擎和柴/重油燃烧系统的液体燃料，达到高热值低污染及低成本的效果。
如前所述，本发明的液体燃料是在重油组分的基础上，加入合适比例的催化组分和/或轻油组分加以调配而得到，基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为30-90％，优选60-80％。
本发明的燃料来自对碳结构有不同要求的烃类组分与重油组分的合理调配产物，作为轻油组分和催化组分的烃类化合物可以是合成产物，但通常为原料油提纯精制的产物，例如那些符合要求的溶剂油等，在精制过程中，原料油含有的芳烃，一般为甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯等，被认为是需要尽可能脱除的杂质，而芳烃脱除的越干净，原料油的处理成本也就越高，必然都反映在燃料产品的成本中。本案发明人的研究发现，重油，特别是动植物性油脂，因其含氧结构会导致热值低，势必影响燃料的热效 应，但液体燃料含有适量的芳烃成分时，对于燃烧效果不仅没有明显的影响，有时还会表现出一定的改善。所以，配制本发明的燃料油时，允许所使用的组分油未经过严格的脱芳烃纯化，例如，使用粗提的汽油馏分，其中往往含有一定量的芳烃，只要在最终的液体燃料中芳烃含量不超过15％，就不需进一步精制脱除，从而大幅降低了原料油的纯度要求，拓宽了原料油的选择途径，也就降低了作为最终产品的液体燃料的成本。从燃烧效果考虑，发明人认为该燃料中可以含有少量的芳烃，例如甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯等，控制其含量在3-15％。具体方案中，根据各组分油的性质参数，如果确实需要少量芳烃存在于液体燃料产品中，可以在选定的轻油组分或最终的燃料中引入所述低碳芳烃组分来提升燃料的热值；轻油组分和催化组分也可以选择石油处理加工链上的切割馏分，而后者应该是更符合工业生产的手段，例如，粗汽油馏分往往含有一定的芳烃，需要精制去除，但却有可能作为本发明燃料的轻油组分，再比如，C8-12溶剂油或其它相当的馏分油，其中都含有一定的芳烃，例如甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯等，无需去除而用于本发明的燃料中，不仅降低了原料成本，而少量芳烃的存在也利于提升燃料的热值。选择适当馏程的催化组分也是同样的道理，例如选择C13-16溶剂油或其它相当的馏分油。
本发明提供了一种液体燃料，实质上是选择合适比例的高挥发性的催化组分和/或轻油组分作为溶剂，对重油组分进行溶解和调配，使重油的挥发性被提高而粘度被降低，成为一种具有优异燃烧性的液体燃料。合适比例的催化组分引入，则是在保证燃料的燃烧性能同时，提升其使用安全性，有助于作为柴油机引擎的替代燃料而进入燃料油市场。从这个意义上，本发明可以认为是发明人对自己多年执着研究成果的发展和延伸。
本发明的实施方案中，所述重油组分可以包括废机油、生物柴油(一般是指脂肪酸甲酯/乙酯)、生物性油脂(例如动植物油)及其衍生物或其二种以上的组合。可以简单理解为常见的废弃油脂，例如选择使用生物性 油脂及其衍生物，其可以是包括动物性(例如来自鸡、鸭、鱼、牛、羊、猪等动物)或植物性油脂(例如来自大豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油、棉籽油、米糠油、麻疯树油、无患子油等)及其衍生物、和/或餐饮垃圾油(俗称“地沟油”)。
本发明还提供了所述液体燃料作为柴油发动机引擎燃料的用途，尤其是可以作为替代车用柴油或航空煤油的燃料应用。例如，通过调整最终产物的十六烷值，使其可适用于各类柴油发动机引擎的燃料，具体地，所述液体燃料的十六烷值为40以上，用于高速柴油发动机引擎燃料；所述液体燃料的十六烷值为30以上，用于中速柴油发动机引擎燃料；或，所述液体燃料的十六烷值低于30，用于低速柴油发动机引擎燃料。
本发明还提供了所述液体燃料作为柴/重油燃烧系统燃料的用途。
本发明还提供了所述液体燃料作为航空喷射涡轮机燃料的应用。
本发明的液体燃料来自重油与催化组分和/或轻油组分的调配，表现出汽油和煤油的燃烧特性，最简单的实验，例如，将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。该效果的得到也可以从所使用的组分油特性得到解释，催化组分具有调节混合物闪点的作用，其与重油组分和/或轻油组分混合后，使得重油组分和/或轻油组分能够形成更均一的混合物，避免了相分离的出现；同时催化组分的加入使得液体燃料混合物的气化过程更为平顺，燃料在喷入气缸后逐步经过早期火焰扩散期，火焰高速传播期以及火焰终止期，缸压热释放曲线呈现平滑的单峰曲线，不会出现突然的爆震现象。
可以说，本发明的液体燃料取代柴油用于各种柴油引擎，不仅具有燃烧完全、低污染乃至无污染的优势，合适比例轻油组分和催化组分的引入更提升了燃料的安全性，使重油组分为基质的调和燃料取代柴油用于柴油引擎，无论从技术上还是市场准入上都更提供了保障，而作为一种洁净且 廉价的柴油代用品，更有力地弥补了石油柴油在资源和成本上的弱势。
以下通过具体实施例进一步阐述本发明，但不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。除非有特别说明和定义，本发明所有涉及的组分含量及比例，均为质量含量和质量比。
实施例
实施例1
液体燃料的组分如下：
轻油组分：源自重质直馏石脑油，馏程100-220℃，经精馏提纯，测定其成分为C8-C12的烷烃，含有少量以甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯等为主的混合芳烃，芳烃含量约5-10％；C6-C12烷烃主要包括：C6-C12正烷烃，C6-C12异构烷烃，C6-C12环烷烃；
催化组分：源自石油精制煤油，馏程200-300℃，经精馏提纯，测定其成分为C13-C16烷烃，含有少量的混合芳烃，混合芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯，芳烃含量约8-15％；C13-C16烷烃主要包括C13-C16正烷烃、C13-C16异构烷烃以及C13-C16环烷烃。
重油组分：棉籽油。
催化组分/轻油组分＝300％(质量比)，调配后的混合油测定其闭口闪点大于47℃，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分80％，轻油组分5％，催化组分15％进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于48℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例2
轻油组分：源自重质裂化石脑油，馏程150-220℃，经精馏提纯，测定 其成分为C9-C12烷烃，含有少量以甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯等为主的混合芳烃，芳烃含量约5-10％；C9-C12烷烃主要包括：C9-C12正烷烃、C9-C12异构烷烃，C9-C12环烷烃；
催化组分：源自石油精制煤油，馏程200-300℃，经精馏提纯，测定其成分为C13-C16烷烃，含有少量的混合芳烃，混合芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯，芳烃含量约8-15％；C13-C16烷烃主要包括C13-C16正烷烃、C13-C16异构烷烃以及C13-C16环烷烃。
重油组分：大豆油。
催化组分/轻油组分＝500％(质量比)，调配后的混合油测定其闭口闪点大于47℃，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分70％，轻油组分5％，催化组分25％，进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于48℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例3
轻油组分：源自C6-C12溶剂油，经精馏提纯，测定其成分为C6-C12的烷烃，含有少量芳烃，芳烃含量约15％，C6-C12烷烃中包括C6-C12正烷烃、C6-C12异构烷烃，-C6-C12环烷烃；
催化组分：源自C13-C16重质溶剂油，经精馏提纯，测定其成分为C13-C16烷烃，含有少量芳烃，混合芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯，芳烃含量约10％，C13-C16烷烃主要包括C13-C16正烷烃、C13-C16异构烷烃以及C13-C16环烷烃。
重油组分：废机油。
催化组分/轻油组分＝100％(质量比)，调配后的混合油测定其闭口闪 点大于47℃，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分60％，轻油组分20％，催化组分20％，进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于48℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例4
作为轻油组分以及催化组分的成分，均与实施例1相同，但重油组分为餐饮垃圾油(地沟油)，催化组分/轻油组分＝87.5％(质量比)，调配后的混合油测定其闭口闪点大于47℃，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分10％，轻油组分48％，催化组分42％，进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于48℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃，芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例5
作为轻油组分以及催化组分的成分，均与实施例2相同，但重油组分为蔴疯树油，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分70％，轻油组分0％，催化组分30％，进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于85℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃，混合芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧 过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例6
作为轻油组分以及催化组分的成分，均与实施例3相同，但重油组分为生物柴油，按照最终液体燃料组合物总质量计，重油组分70％，轻油组分0％，催化组分30％，进行混合调配，得到本发明的液体燃料组合物，测定其闭口闪点大于85℃。最终液体燃料混合物中可含有0-15％的芳烃，混合芳烃可含有甲苯/二甲苯/乙苯/丙苯/丁苯/戊苯。
将该液体燃料在气缸中点燃，进行模拟燃烧实验，测定缸压热释放曲线。所得到的缸压热释放曲线呈平顺的单峰曲线，表明该液体燃料在燃烧过程中气化平顺，无爆震现象。
实施例1-6的液体燃料组合物的闪点如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2017103211-appb-000001

Claims (23)

  1. 一种液体燃料，其组成包括：C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分、C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分、和重油组分；基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为10-90％，所述轻油组分的质量含量为0-49％，所述催化组分的质量含量为10-90％；且所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的86％以上，所述液体燃料中还含有质量含量为0-15％的芳烃。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液体燃料，其中，基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为30％-90％。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液体燃料，其中，基于所述液体燃料计，所述重油组分的质量含量为60-80％。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的液体燃料，其中，基于所述液体燃料计，其中含芳烃3-15％。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的液体燃料，其中，基于所述液体燃料计，所述轻油组分的质量含量为5-49％。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的液体燃料，其中，所述轻油组分与催化组分混合后的闭口闪点不低于47℃。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的液体燃料，其中，该液体燃料的闭口闪点不低于48℃。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液体燃料，其中，该液体燃料的闭口闪点不低于55℃。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的液体燃料，其中，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的86％-1000％。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液体燃料，其中，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的86％-500％。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液体燃料，其中，所述催化组分的质量占 所述轻油组分质量的100％-500％。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的液体燃料，其中，所述催化组分的质量占所述轻油组分质量的300％-500％。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的液体燃料，其中，所述重油组分包括废机油、生物柴油、生物性油脂及其衍生物或其二种以上的组合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的液体燃料，其中，所述生物性油脂及其衍生物包括动物性或植物性油脂及其衍生物、和/或餐饮垃圾油。
  15. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的液体燃料，其中，所述C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分包括具有6-12个碳的单一烷烃或它们中二种以上的混合物。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的液体燃料，其中，所述C6-C12的烷烃组成的轻油组分包括具有6-12个碳的正构烷烃及其同素异构烷烃、环烷烃中的一种或二种以上的混合物。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的液体燃料，其中，C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分包括具有13-16个碳的单一烷烃或其中二种以上的混合物。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的液体燃料，其中，所述C13-C16的烷烃组成的催化组分包括具有13-16个碳的正构烷烃及其同素异构烷烃、环烷烃中的一种或二种以上的混合物。
  19. 权利要求1-17任一项所述的液体燃料作为柴油发动机引擎燃料的用途。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的用途，其中，
    所述液体燃料的十六烷值为40以上，用于高速柴油发动机引擎燃料；
    所述液体燃料的十六烷值为30以上，用于中速柴油发动机引擎燃料；或，所述液体燃料的十六烷值低于30，用于低速柴油发动机引擎燃料。
  21. 权利要求1-17任一项所述的液体燃料作为柴/重油燃烧系统燃料的用途。
  22. 权利要求1-17任一项所述的液体燃料作为替代车用柴油或航空煤油燃料的应用。
  23. 权利要求1-17任一项所述的液体燃料作为航空喷射涡轮机燃料的应用。
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CN1506446A (zh) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-23 陈鸿林 燃料液体重组化调配的方法
US20080210595A1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2008-09-04 Oiltreid Limited Liabilities Company Light Oil Fuel
CN101469282A (zh) * 2007-12-25 2009-07-01 史国兴 一种生物柴油
JP2010168520A (ja) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Michio Matsuyama バイオディーゼル燃料に過酸化水素処理を施して得られる組成物及びその製造方法
WO2017049561A1 (zh) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 陈鸿林 液体燃料

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CN1506446A (zh) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-23 陈鸿林 燃料液体重组化调配的方法
US20080210595A1 (en) * 2005-07-18 2008-09-04 Oiltreid Limited Liabilities Company Light Oil Fuel
CN101469282A (zh) * 2007-12-25 2009-07-01 史国兴 一种生物柴油
JP2010168520A (ja) * 2009-01-22 2010-08-05 Michio Matsuyama バイオディーゼル燃料に過酸化水素処理を施して得られる組成物及びその製造方法
WO2017049561A1 (zh) * 2015-09-25 2017-03-30 陈鸿林 液体燃料

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