WO2019041692A1 - Special high-power dc-dc 12v30a converter for micro-electric vehicle - Google Patents

Special high-power dc-dc 12v30a converter for micro-electric vehicle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019041692A1
WO2019041692A1 PCT/CN2017/119193 CN2017119193W WO2019041692A1 WO 2019041692 A1 WO2019041692 A1 WO 2019041692A1 CN 2017119193 W CN2017119193 W CN 2017119193W WO 2019041692 A1 WO2019041692 A1 WO 2019041692A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pin
voltage
control chip
circuit
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/119193
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马光路
邵洋洋
董静
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fengcounty Hongxiang Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Fengcounty Hongxiang Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fengcounty Hongxiang Electronic Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Fengcounty Hongxiang Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2019041692A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019041692A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0009—Devices or circuits for detecting current in a converter

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle.
  • high-power DC/DC power converters used in miniature electric vehicles on the market have technical problems such as insufficient output power, poor voltage regulation, poor load capacity, easy damage, and easy burning load.
  • the present invention provides a high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle, which converts the voltage of an electric vehicle battery such as 48V, 60V, 64V, 72V, etc. into 12V, and is an electric vehicle.
  • the 12V low-voltage electrical appliances such as lighting fixtures, meters, horns, wipers, light indicators, fans, radios, and reversing images provide rated operating voltage. It can realize input reverse connection protection, input over-voltage protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, low-voltage protection, and output over-voltage protection. It is mainly used in miniature new energy electric vehicles.
  • a high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter dedicated to a miniature electric vehicle, comprising a voltage input and output circuit, a control chip, and an electric door lock circuit and current detection respectively connected to the control chip a circuit and a voltage detecting circuit, wherein the electric door locking circuit provides a stable voltage for the CA pin, the CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip, and is connected to the CT pin and the RT pin of the control chip via the oscillating circuit;
  • the voltage input and output circuit The voltage input end is filtered and back pressure, over voltage protection, one way is connected to the current detection circuit, the current detection circuit is connected to the -V2 pin of the control chip, the other is filtered and back pressure protection output 12V DC voltage, the third way is grounded;
  • the output of the input/output circuit is connected to the voltage sampling resistor and then connected to the +V1 pin of the control chip for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter.
  • the other is connected to the +5V pin of the control chip
  • the model of the control chip is TL494I.
  • the electric door lock circuit is provided with a switch transistor, and the load resistor is connected between the collector of the switch triode and the power source.
  • the emission set of the switch triode is connected to the CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip, and the other is filtered and regulated.
  • the CA pin of the control chip, the base of the switching transistor is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit composed of a voltage regulator, and provides a stable voltage input signal for the switching transistor to ensure stable operation of the switching transistor in a saturated state, independent of battery voltage fluctuation. The effect is to provide a stable operating voltage for the control chip.
  • the electric door lock circuit is connected to a voltage stabilizing circuit after being outputted by the switching transistor, and the circuit comprises a Zener diode, a first triode and a second triode, a cathode of the Zener diode and an electric door lock circuit.
  • the output end is connected, the anode is connected to the base of the first triode through a resistor, the first triode is powered by a resistor, the collector of the first triode is connected to the base of the second triode, and the second The base of the triode is connected to the upper and lower bias resistors; the emitter of the second triode is connected to the CONT pin of the control chip, and the other is connected in series with a filter capacitor and then connected to the second triode.
  • the collector is connected to the +5V pin of the control chip; the +5V pin is connected to the CONT pin of the control chip through a resistor, the other is connected to the anode of a diode through a resistor, and the other is connected to the ground through the filter capacitor.
  • the CONT pin passes the filter capacitor. Ground.
  • the voltage input and output circuit comprises two NMOS tubes and an inductor.
  • the anode of the input power source is filtered, the input is reversely protected, and the overvoltage protection is connected to the drain of the NMOS transistor.
  • the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the inductor, and the NMOS transistor is connected.
  • the basic buck converter performs a switching function; the end of the inductor connected to the MOS tube source is connected to the current detecting circuit; the other end of the inductor is connected to the voltage output end of the voltage input/output circuit, after filtering and voltage output overvoltage protection Output +12V DC power supply; the other is connected to the load resistor and grounded; then connect the voltage sampling resistor to the +V1 pin of the control chip.
  • the current detecting circuit is provided with a set of parallel Schottky diodes, wherein the anodes are respectively connected in series with the overcurrent detecting resistors and then connected in parallel, and the other circuit is connected in parallel with the two current sampling resistors, and then connected to the +V2 pin of the control chip for detecting
  • the current, +V2 pin is grounded through the filter capacitor, and the other channel is filtered and regulated, and then connected to the VOUTC pin of the control chip to compensate the error of the voltage comparator in the +V2 pin.
  • the converter load is too large, the voltage across the overcurrent detection resistor decreases, and the potential of the +V2 pin also decreases.
  • the output is adjusted internally by the control chip.
  • the duty cycle of the pulse reduces the output current of the converter, which in turn affects the output power of the converter, achieves the purpose of overcurrent protection, and automatically returns to normal after the fault is removed.
  • the converter further includes a coupling transformer circuit including a coupling transformer, a pulse amplifying tube, a coupling capacitor, and an NMOS tube gate protection circuit; the output of the EA and EB pins of the control chip is amplified by a pulse amplification tube by a coupling capacitor coupling After being output to the coupling transformer; the output end of the coupling transformer is coupled to the gate of the NMOS transistor through coupling capacitor coupling; and a gate protection circuit is provided between the transformer and the NMOS transistor to protect the NMOS transistor.
  • a coupling transformer circuit including a coupling transformer, a pulse amplifying tube, a coupling capacitor, and an NMOS tube gate protection circuit
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the high voltage of the electric vehicle battery, such as 48V, 60V, 64V, 72V, etc., is converted into a low voltage of 12V, which is used to provide a rating for the entire vehicle lighting system, the signal indicating system, and various auxiliary appliances.
  • the working voltage can realize the functions of input reverse connection protection, input over-voltage protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, low-voltage protection, and output over-voltage protection.
  • This invention is mainly applied to miniature new energy electric vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circuit of the present invention.
  • C1-C11 Capacitor, CD1-CD8. Filter Capacitor, D1-D2. Diode, D3-D4. Transient Suppression Diode, IC1. Control Chip, KT1-KT2. Overcurrent Detection Resistor, L. Inductance, Q1 Voltage regulator, Q2. Pulse amplifier, Q3-Q4. Transistor, R1—R44. Resistor, T1. Coupling transformer, V1. Transistor, V2-V3. NMOS, V4-V5. Schottky diode, Z1- Z3.
  • Zener diode pin 1 + V1, pin 2 - V1, pin 3 VOUTC, pin 4 pin CONT, pin 5 CT, pin 6 RT, pin 7 GND, pin 8 CA, ninth Pin EA, pin 10 EB, pin 11 CB, pin 12 VCC, pin 13 OUTCON, pin 14 +5V, pin 15 + V2, pin 16 V2, IC1.
  • a high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle includes a voltage input/output circuit, a control chip IC1, and an electric door lock circuit, a current detecting circuit and a voltage detecting circuit respectively connected to the control chip IC1.
  • the control chip IC1 is of the type TL494I and has sixteen legs, including the first pin + V1, the second pin - V1, the third pin VOUTC, the fourth pin CONT, the fifth pin CT, the sixth pin RT, Pin 7 GND, pin 8 CA, pin 9 EA, pin 10 EB, pin 11 CB, pin 12 VCC, pin 13 OUTCON, pin 14 +5V, pin 15 - V2, pin 16 +V2.
  • the electric door lock circuit provides a stable voltage for the eighth pin CA, the eleventh pin CB and the twelfth pin VCC of the control chip IC1, and is connected to the fifth pin CT and the sixth pin RT of the control chip IC1 via the oscillating circuit;
  • the voltage input end of the voltage input and output circuit is filtered and back pressure, over voltage protection, one connection current detection circuit, the current detection circuit is connected to the 15th pin-V2 of the control chip IC1, and the other is filtered and back pressure protection output 12V DC voltage, the third way is grounded;
  • the output of the voltage input and output circuit is connected to the voltage sampling resistor and then connected to the first pin +V1 of the control chip IC1 for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter; the other is connected to the control chip The 14th pin +5V, and then the fourth leg of the control chip CONT and the second leg.
  • the electric door lock circuit is connected to the control chip IC1 power supply circuit.
  • the resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the resistor R6, the series resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R4, and then the switch transistor V1 is connected to the control chip IC1.
  • resistors R1, R2, R78, capacitor C1, voltage regulator Q1 work together to provide a stable voltage input signal to transistor V1, to ensure stable operation of transistor V1 in saturation, not due to battery voltage changes And affecting the working state of the triode V1, and through the capacitor C2, the filtering of the filter capacitor CD1, and the voltage regulator circuit composed of the resistor R29 and the Zener diode Z2, the control chip IC1 is provided with a stable working voltage; the other circuit is connected
  • the drains of the NMOS transistors V2 and V3, the negative electrodes of the filter capacitors CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD6 and the cathodes of the transient suppression diodes D3 and D4; D3 and D4 function as input reverse connection protection and input overvoltage protection.
  • the positive electrodes of the filter capacitors CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD6 and the drains of the NMOS transistors are all connected to the anode of the input power source; the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the storage inductor L1 and the cathodes of the Schottky diodes V4 and V5.
  • the series resistor R36 is connected in parallel with the resistor R37, and then grounded via the capacitor C13; the other end of the storage inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the output filter capacitors CD7 and CD8, and the resistor R38 is connected in parallel with the resistor R39.
  • the resistor R40 is connected in parallel with the resistor R41, it is grounded; the cathode of the transient suppression diodes D5 and D6 is connected; D5 and D6 function as output overvoltage protection.
  • the anode of the Zener diode Z2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 via the resistor R30, Q3 is supplied through the resistor R9, the collector of Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q4, and the resistors R32 and R33 are the upper and lower biases of the base of the Q4.
  • Set the resistor; the emitter of Q4 is connected to the 4th pin CONT of the control chip IC1, the first connection resistor R31 and the filter capacitor CD2 are connected in series, and then connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, and the 14th pin +5V of the control chip IC1 is connected.
  • connection mode of the above circuit mainly controls the dead zone voltage and the pulse output duty ratio of the chip IC1, thereby controlling the stable 12V voltage of the NMOS transistor output.
  • the anodes of the Schottky diodes V4 and V5 are grounded through the overcurrent detecting resistors KT1 and KT2, and the resistance values of the overcurrent detecting resistors KT1 and KT2 can be adjusted to adjust the current limiting value of the converter; the other resistor R13 is connected in parallel with the resistor R44.
  • the 15th pin-V2 of the access control chip IC1 is used to detect the current
  • the 15th pin-V2 is grounded through the filter capacitor C4, and the other path is connected to the 3rd pin VOUTC of the control chip IC1 via the resistor R10 and the capacitor C5. Used to compensate for the error of the voltage comparator in pin 15 -V2.
  • the voltage across the overcurrent detection resistors KT1, KT2 decreases, and the potential of the 15th pin-V2 also decreases.
  • the potential of the 15th pin-V2 is lower than the 16th pin + V2 ground.
  • the duty cycle of the output pulse is adjusted internally by the control chip IC1 to reduce the output current of the converter, thereby affecting the output power of the converter, achieving the purpose of overcurrent protection, and automatically returning to normal after the fault is eliminated.
  • the reason why the invention is designed to reduce the output power of the converter is to ensure the driving safety of the vehicle.
  • the other end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected in series with the resistor R16 through a resistor R15 and then connected to the first pin +V1 of the control chip IC1 for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter; the resistors R5 and R6 are output voltages. Sampling resistor.
  • the capacitor C6 and the resistor R14 form a filter circuit of the voltage comparator in the first pin + V1, thereby improving the anti-interference of the voltage comparator and further improving the stability of the output voltage of the converter; the other path is through the resistor R17, the diode D1, and the resistor R12.
  • the 14th pin +5V of the access control chip is connected to the 4th pin CONT of the control chip via the resistor R18, the diode D2, and the Zener diode Z3; the 2nd pin-V1 potential of the control chip IC1 is controlled by the 14th pin of the control chip +
  • the +5V reference voltage of the 5V output is divided by the resistor R23 and then connected to the second pin -V1; the coupling capacitors C11 and C10 are respectively connected between the first, second, and second and third legs of the control chip; For some reason, the output voltage is high, but when the output overvoltage protection voltage is not exceeded, the voltage detected by the first pin + V1 is compared with the potential of the second pin - V1, and the first pin + V1 voltage is higher than the second pin.
  • the oscillating circuit is composed of a resistor C8 and a capacitor R20, and is connected to the fifth leg CT of the control chip IC1, and the sixth pin RT;
  • the 9th pin EA and the 10th pin EB output pulse of the control chip IC1 are in the form of parallel output, that is, the 13th pin OUTCON pulse output mode setting end, grounded, through the pulse amplifying tube Q2, the diode D7, the resistor R19,
  • the capacitor C7 and the coupling transformer T1 after passing through the capacitor C12, are connected to the gates of the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 through the resistors R25 and R26 to drive the NMOS transistor; when the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 are turned on, the output current passes through the filter capacitor. After CD7 and CD8 are filtered, the load is supplied to the load.
  • the energy storage inductor L1 forms a storage circuit, which converts the magnetic energy into electric energy, and its polarity is left negative and right positive, and the Schottky diodes V4 and V5 are turned on.
  • Forming a freewheeling circuit continue to supply power to the load, so that the load obtains smooth DC current; when the output voltage is higher than the set maximum allowable output voltage, the transient suppression diodes D5, D6 reverse breakdown and damage, forming an output overvoltage protection circuit
  • the converter output voltage is almost zero to protect the load from damage.
  • the other connection resistor R27 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode Z1 and then connected to the resistor R28.
  • the pulse is supplied to the pulse amplifying tube Q2 through the rectification of the diode D7, and the resistor R19 is the base bias resistor of the pulse amplifying tube Q2.
  • the NMOS transistor, the input power supply filter capacitor, the output power supply filter capacitor, and the Schottky diode are all connected to the circuit by using at least two parallel connections.
  • the energy storage inductor L1 is a ring inductor.
  • the coupling transformer T1 is a toroidal transformer.
  • the model of the control chip IC1 is a TL494I industrial grade chip.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

A special high-power DC-DC 12V30A converter for a micro-electric vehicle. The high voltage, such as 48 V, 60 V, 64 V, and 72 V, etc. of an electric vehicle storage battery is converted into a low voltage 12 V for providing a rated working voltage for an illumination system, a signal indication system and various auxiliary electric appliances of the finished automobile. The functions of input reverse connection protection, input over-voltage protection, overcurrent protection, short-circuit protection, low-voltage protection and output over-voltage protection can be realized. The converter is mainly applied to the micro new energy electric vehicles.

Description

微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器High-power DC-DC12V30A converter for micro electric vehicles 技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及电路技术领域，具体为一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器。The invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle.

背景技术Background technique

目前市面上的微型电动汽车使用的大功率DC/DC电源转换器存在输出功率不足，稳压效果差，负载能力差，易损坏，易烧负载等技术问题。At present, high-power DC/DC power converters used in miniature electric vehicles on the market have technical problems such as insufficient output power, poor voltage regulation, poor load capacity, easy damage, and easy burning load.

发明内容Summary of the invention

为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种微型电动汽车专用的大功率DC-DC 12V 30A转换器，是将电动车蓄电池的电压如48V，60V，64V，72V等转换成12V，为电动车上的照明灯具，仪表，喇叭，刮雨器，灯光指示，风扇，收音机，倒车影像等12V低压用电器提供额定的工作电压。能够实现输入反接保护，输入超压保护，过流保护，短路保护，低压保护，输出超压保护的功能，主要应用于微型新能源电动汽车上。In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle, which converts the voltage of an electric vehicle battery such as 48V, 60V, 64V, 72V, etc. into 12V, and is an electric vehicle. The 12V low-voltage electrical appliances such as lighting fixtures, meters, horns, wipers, light indicators, fans, radios, and reversing images provide rated operating voltage. It can realize input reverse connection protection, input over-voltage protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, low-voltage protection, and output over-voltage protection. It is mainly used in miniature new energy electric vehicles.

本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种微型电动汽车专用的大功率DC-DC 12V 30A转换器，包括电压输入输出电路、控制芯片、以及分别与控制芯片连接的电门锁电路、电流检测电路和电压检测电路，所述电门锁电路为控制芯片的CA脚、CB脚和VCC脚提供稳定的电压，并经振荡电路后连接控制芯片的CT脚、RT脚；所述电压输入输出电路的电压输入端经滤波以及反压、超压保护，一路连接电流检测电路，电流检测电路接控制芯片的-V2脚，另一路经滤波及反压保护输出12V直流电压，第三路接地；电压输入输出电路的输出端一路连接电压取样电阻后接入控制芯片的+V1脚，用于检测电压，稳定转换器的输出电压；另一路接控制芯片的+5V脚，再一路接控制芯片的CONT脚和-V1脚。The invention is realized by the following technical solutions: a high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter dedicated to a miniature electric vehicle, comprising a voltage input and output circuit, a control chip, and an electric door lock circuit and current detection respectively connected to the control chip a circuit and a voltage detecting circuit, wherein the electric door locking circuit provides a stable voltage for the CA pin, the CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip, and is connected to the CT pin and the RT pin of the control chip via the oscillating circuit; the voltage input and output circuit The voltage input end is filtered and back pressure, over voltage protection, one way is connected to the current detection circuit, the current detection circuit is connected to the -V2 pin of the control chip, the other is filtered and back pressure protection output 12V DC voltage, the third way is grounded; The output of the input/output circuit is connected to the voltage sampling resistor and then connected to the +V1 pin of the control chip for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter. The other is connected to the +5V pin of the control chip, and then connected to the control chip's CONT. Feet and -V1 feet.

所述控制芯片的型号为TL494I。The model of the control chip is TL494I.

所述电门锁电路设有一个开关三极管，开关三极管的集极与电源之间连接负载电阻，开关三极管的发射集一路接控制芯片的CB脚和VCC脚，另一路经过滤波和稳压后接控制芯片的CA脚，所述开关三极管的基极接由稳压器组成的稳压电路，为开关三极管提供稳定的电压输入信号，确保开关三极管稳定的工作在饱和状态，不受蓄电池电压波动的影响，从而为控制芯片提供稳定的工作电压。The electric door lock circuit is provided with a switch transistor, and the load resistor is connected between the collector of the switch triode and the power source. The emission set of the switch triode is connected to the CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip, and the other is filtered and regulated. The CA pin of the control chip, the base of the switching transistor is connected with a voltage stabilizing circuit composed of a voltage regulator, and provides a stable voltage input signal for the switching transistor to ensure stable operation of the switching transistor in a saturated state, independent of battery voltage fluctuation. The effect is to provide a stable operating voltage for the control chip.

所述电门锁电路经开关三极管输出后，还连接了一路稳压电路，该电路包括稳压二极管、第一三极管和第二三极管，稳压二极管的阴极与电门锁电路的输出端连接，阳极经一 电阻接入第一三极管的基极，第一三极管通过一电阻供电，第一三极管的集电极接入第二三极管的基极，第二三极管的基极接入上、下偏置电阻；第二三极管的发射极一路接控制芯片的CONT脚，另一路接一电阻和滤波电容串联后一路接入第二三极管的集电极，一路接控制芯片的+5V脚；+5V脚一路通过一电阻接入控制芯片的CONT脚，另一路通过一电阻连接一二极管的阳极，再一路通过滤波电容接地，CONT脚通过滤波电容接地。The electric door lock circuit is connected to a voltage stabilizing circuit after being outputted by the switching transistor, and the circuit comprises a Zener diode, a first triode and a second triode, a cathode of the Zener diode and an electric door lock circuit. The output end is connected, the anode is connected to the base of the first triode through a resistor, the first triode is powered by a resistor, the collector of the first triode is connected to the base of the second triode, and the second The base of the triode is connected to the upper and lower bias resistors; the emitter of the second triode is connected to the CONT pin of the control chip, and the other is connected in series with a filter capacitor and then connected to the second triode. The collector is connected to the +5V pin of the control chip; the +5V pin is connected to the CONT pin of the control chip through a resistor, the other is connected to the anode of a diode through a resistor, and the other is connected to the ground through the filter capacitor. The CONT pin passes the filter capacitor. Ground.

所述电压输入输出电路包括两个NMOS管以及电感，输入电源的正极经滤波、输入反接保护和接入超压保护后与NMOS管的漏极连接，NMOS管的源极连接电感，NMOS管作为基本降压转换器执行开关功能；所述电感连接MOS管源极的一端与电流检测电路连接；电感的另一端一路连接电压输入输出电路的电压输出端，经滤波及电压输出超压保护后输出+12V直流电源；另一路连接负载电阻后接地；再一路连接电压取样电阻并与控制芯片的+V1脚连接。The voltage input and output circuit comprises two NMOS tubes and an inductor. The anode of the input power source is filtered, the input is reversely protected, and the overvoltage protection is connected to the drain of the NMOS transistor. The source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the inductor, and the NMOS transistor is connected. The basic buck converter performs a switching function; the end of the inductor connected to the MOS tube source is connected to the current detecting circuit; the other end of the inductor is connected to the voltage output end of the voltage input/output circuit, after filtering and voltage output overvoltage protection Output +12V DC power supply; the other is connected to the load resistor and grounded; then connect the voltage sampling resistor to the +V1 pin of the control chip.

所述电流检测电路设置一组并联的肖特基二极管，其阳极一路分别串联过流检测电阻后并联接地，另一路并联两个电流取样电阻后一路接入控制芯片的+V2脚，用于检测电流，+V2脚经滤波电容后接地，另一路经滤波、稳压后接入控制芯片的VOUTC脚，用于补偿+V2脚中的电压比较器的误差。当转换器负载过大时，过流检测电阻两端的电压降低，同时+V2脚的电位也会随之降低，当+V2脚的电位低于接地的-V2电位时，通过控制芯片内部调整输出脉冲的占空比，使转换器输出电流减小，进而影响转换器的输出功率，达到过流保护的目的，且故障排除后自动恢复正常。The current detecting circuit is provided with a set of parallel Schottky diodes, wherein the anodes are respectively connected in series with the overcurrent detecting resistors and then connected in parallel, and the other circuit is connected in parallel with the two current sampling resistors, and then connected to the +V2 pin of the control chip for detecting The current, +V2 pin is grounded through the filter capacitor, and the other channel is filtered and regulated, and then connected to the VOUTC pin of the control chip to compensate the error of the voltage comparator in the +V2 pin. When the converter load is too large, the voltage across the overcurrent detection resistor decreases, and the potential of the +V2 pin also decreases. When the potential of the +V2 pin is lower than the grounded -V2 potential, the output is adjusted internally by the control chip. The duty cycle of the pulse reduces the output current of the converter, which in turn affects the output power of the converter, achieves the purpose of overcurrent protection, and automatically returns to normal after the fault is removed.

所述转换器还包括耦合变压器电路，耦合变压器电路包括耦合变压器、脉冲放大管、耦合电容以及NMOS管栅极保护电路；控制芯片的EA、EB脚输出的脉冲经脉冲放大管放大由耦合电容耦合后输出至耦合变压器；耦合变压器的输出端经耦合电容耦合后连接NMOS管的栅极；且在变压器和NMOS管之间设置栅极保护电路，对NMOS管起到保护作用。The converter further includes a coupling transformer circuit including a coupling transformer, a pulse amplifying tube, a coupling capacitor, and an NMOS tube gate protection circuit; the output of the EA and EB pins of the control chip is amplified by a pulse amplification tube by a coupling capacitor coupling After being output to the coupling transformer; the output end of the coupling transformer is coupled to the gate of the NMOS transistor through coupling capacitor coupling; and a gate protection circuit is provided between the transformer and the NMOS transistor to protect the NMOS transistor.

本实用新型的有益效果是：将电动车蓄电池的高电压如48V，60V，64V，72V等转换成低电压12V，用来给整车的照明系统，信号指示系统，以及各种辅助电器提供额定的工作电压，能够实现输入反接保护，输入超压保护，过流保护，短路保护，低压保护，输出超压保护的功能。此发明主要应用于微型新能源电动汽车上。The utility model has the beneficial effects that the high voltage of the electric vehicle battery, such as 48V, 60V, 64V, 72V, etc., is converted into a low voltage of 12V, which is used to provide a rating for the entire vehicle lighting system, the signal indicating system, and various auxiliary appliances. The working voltage can realize the functions of input reverse connection protection, input over-voltage protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, low-voltage protection, and output over-voltage protection. This invention is mainly applied to miniature new energy electric vehicles.

附图说明DRAWINGS

图1为本发明的电路结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circuit of the present invention.

图中，C1-C11.电容，CD1-CD8.滤波电容，D1-D2.二极管，D3-D4.瞬态抑制二极管，IC1.控制芯片，KT1-KT2.过流检测电阻，L.电感，Q1.稳压器，Q2.脉冲放大管，Q3-Q4.三极 管，R1—R44.电阻，T1.耦合变压器，V1.三极管，V2-V3.NMOS管，V4-V5.肖特基二极管，Z1-Z3.稳压二极管，第1脚+V1，第2脚-V1，第3脚VOUTC，第4脚CONT，第5脚CT，第6脚RT，第7脚GND，第8脚CA，第9脚EA，第10脚EB，第11脚CB，第12脚VCC，第13脚OUTCON，第14脚+5V，第15脚+V2，第16脚V2，IC1.控制芯片。In the figure, C1-C11. Capacitor, CD1-CD8. Filter Capacitor, D1-D2. Diode, D3-D4. Transient Suppression Diode, IC1. Control Chip, KT1-KT2. Overcurrent Detection Resistor, L. Inductance, Q1 Voltage regulator, Q2. Pulse amplifier, Q3-Q4. Transistor, R1—R44. Resistor, T1. Coupling transformer, V1. Transistor, V2-V3. NMOS, V4-V5. Schottky diode, Z1- Z3. Zener diode, pin 1 + V1, pin 2 - V1, pin 3 VOUTC, pin 4 pin CONT, pin 5 CT, pin 6 RT, pin 7 GND, pin 8 CA, ninth Pin EA, pin 10 EB, pin 11 CB, pin 12 VCC, pin 13 OUTCON, pin 14 +5V, pin 15 + V2, pin 16 V2, IC1.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

一种微型电动汽车专用的大功率DC-DC 12V 30A转换器，包括电压输入输出电路、控制芯片IC1、以及分别与控制芯片IC1连接的电门锁电路、电流检测电路和电压检测电路。所述控制芯片IC1的型号为TL494I，设有十六个脚，包括第1脚+V1，第2脚-V1，第3脚VOUTC，第4脚CONT，第5脚CT，第6脚RT，第7脚GND，第8脚CA，第9脚EA，第10脚EB，第11脚CB，第12脚VCC，第13脚OUTCON，第14脚+5V，第15脚-V2，第16脚+V2。所述电门锁电路为控制芯片IC1的第8脚CA、第11脚CB和第12脚VCC提供稳定的电压，并经振荡电路后连接控制芯片IC1的第5脚CT、第6脚RT；所述电压输入输出电路的电压输入端经滤波以及反压、超压保护，一路连接电流检测电路，电流检测电路接控制芯片IC1的第15脚-V2，另一路经滤波及反压保护输出12V直流电压，第三路接地；电压输入输出电路的输出端一路连接电压取样电阻后接入控制芯片IC1的第1脚+V1，用于检测电压，稳定转换器的输出电压；另一路接控制芯片的第14脚+5V，再一路接控制芯片的第4脚CONT和第2脚。A high-power DC-DC 12V 30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle includes a voltage input/output circuit, a control chip IC1, and an electric door lock circuit, a current detecting circuit and a voltage detecting circuit respectively connected to the control chip IC1. The control chip IC1 is of the type TL494I and has sixteen legs, including the first pin + V1, the second pin - V1, the third pin VOUTC, the fourth pin CONT, the fifth pin CT, the sixth pin RT, Pin 7 GND, pin 8 CA, pin 9 EA, pin 10 EB, pin 11 CB, pin 12 VCC, pin 13 OUTCON, pin 14 +5V, pin 15 - V2, pin 16 +V2. The electric door lock circuit provides a stable voltage for the eighth pin CA, the eleventh pin CB and the twelfth pin VCC of the control chip IC1, and is connected to the fifth pin CT and the sixth pin RT of the control chip IC1 via the oscillating circuit; The voltage input end of the voltage input and output circuit is filtered and back pressure, over voltage protection, one connection current detection circuit, the current detection circuit is connected to the 15th pin-V2 of the control chip IC1, and the other is filtered and back pressure protection output 12V DC voltage, the third way is grounded; the output of the voltage input and output circuit is connected to the voltage sampling resistor and then connected to the first pin +V1 of the control chip IC1 for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter; the other is connected to the control chip The 14th pin +5V, and then the fourth leg of the control chip CONT and the second leg.

如附图1所示，电门锁电路一路连接控制芯片IC1电源电路，经电阻R5与电阻R6并联后串联电阻R3与电阻R4并联后，接入开关三极管V1，给控制芯片IC1的第8、11、12脚供电；电阻R1、R2、R78、电容C1，稳压器Q1共同作用，给三极管V1提供稳定的电压输入信号，确保三极管V1稳定的工作在饱和状态，不会因蓄电池电压的变化而影响三极管V1的工作状态，又通过电容C2，滤波电容CD1的滤波，以及电阻R29，稳压二极管Z2组成的稳压电路的共同作用下，给控制芯片IC1提供稳定的工作电压；另一路接入NMOS管V2、V3的漏极、滤波电容CD3、CD4、CD5、CD6的负极和瞬态抑制二极管D3、D4的阴极；D3、D4起到输入反接保护和输入超压保护的作用。所述滤波电容CD3、CD4、CD5、CD6的正极和NMOS管的漏极均与输入电源的正极连接；NMOS管的源极与储能电感L1以及肖特基二极管V4、V5的阴极相连，同时又与电阻R34与电阻R35并联后串联电阻R36与电阻R37并联后，经电容C13接地；储能电感L1的另一端连接输出滤波电容CD7、CD8的正极，又连接电阻R38与电阻R39并联后串联电阻R40与电阻R41并联后，接地；又连接瞬态抑制二极管D5、D6的阴极；D5、D6起到输出超压保护的作用。As shown in Figure 1, the electric door lock circuit is connected to the control chip IC1 power supply circuit. After the resistor R5 is connected in parallel with the resistor R6, the series resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the resistor R4, and then the switch transistor V1 is connected to the control chip IC1. 11, 12 pin power supply; resistors R1, R2, R78, capacitor C1, voltage regulator Q1 work together to provide a stable voltage input signal to transistor V1, to ensure stable operation of transistor V1 in saturation, not due to battery voltage changes And affecting the working state of the triode V1, and through the capacitor C2, the filtering of the filter capacitor CD1, and the voltage regulator circuit composed of the resistor R29 and the Zener diode Z2, the control chip IC1 is provided with a stable working voltage; the other circuit is connected The drains of the NMOS transistors V2 and V3, the negative electrodes of the filter capacitors CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD6 and the cathodes of the transient suppression diodes D3 and D4; D3 and D4 function as input reverse connection protection and input overvoltage protection. The positive electrodes of the filter capacitors CD3, CD4, CD5, and CD6 and the drains of the NMOS transistors are all connected to the anode of the input power source; the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the storage inductor L1 and the cathodes of the Schottky diodes V4 and V5. In parallel with the resistor R34 and the resistor R35, the series resistor R36 is connected in parallel with the resistor R37, and then grounded via the capacitor C13; the other end of the storage inductor L1 is connected to the anode of the output filter capacitors CD7 and CD8, and the resistor R38 is connected in parallel with the resistor R39. After the resistor R40 is connected in parallel with the resistor R41, it is grounded; the cathode of the transient suppression diodes D5 and D6 is connected; D5 and D6 function as output overvoltage protection.

所述稳压二极管Z2的阳极经电阻R30接入三极管Q3的基极，Q3通过电阻R9供电，Q3的集电极接入三极管Q4的基极，电阻R32、R33为Q4基极的上、下偏置电阻；Q4的发射极一路接控制芯片IC1的第4脚CONT，一路接电阻R31与滤波电容CD2串联后一路接入三极管Q4的集电极，一路接控制芯片IC1的第14脚+5V，第14脚+5V一路通过电阻R24接入控制芯片IC1的第4脚，一路通过R12连接D1的阳极，另一路通过滤波电容C3接地。第4脚CONT通过滤波电容C9接地。以上电路的连接方式，主要作用是控制芯片IC1的死区电压和脉冲输出占空比，进而控制NMOS管输出稳定的12V电压。The anode of the Zener diode Z2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q3 via the resistor R30, Q3 is supplied through the resistor R9, the collector of Q3 is connected to the base of the transistor Q4, and the resistors R32 and R33 are the upper and lower biases of the base of the Q4. Set the resistor; the emitter of Q4 is connected to the 4th pin CONT of the control chip IC1, the first connection resistor R31 and the filter capacitor CD2 are connected in series, and then connected to the collector of the transistor Q4, and the 14th pin +5V of the control chip IC1 is connected. 14 feet + 5V all the way through the resistor R24 to the fourth pin of the control chip IC1, one way through the R12 to connect the anode of D1, the other way through the filter capacitor C3 ground. Pin 4 of the CONT is grounded through the filter capacitor C9. The connection mode of the above circuit mainly controls the dead zone voltage and the pulse output duty ratio of the chip IC1, thereby controlling the stable 12V voltage of the NMOS transistor output.

所述肖特基二极管V4、V5的阳极一路通过过流检测电阻KT1、KT2接地，调节过流检测电阻KT1、KT2的阻值可以调节转换器的限流值；另一路电阻R13与电阻R44并联后，一路接入控制芯片IC1的第15脚-V2，用于检测电流，第15脚-V2通过滤波电容C4接地；另一路经电阻R10、电容C5接入控制芯片IC1的第3脚VOUTC，用于补偿第15脚-V2中的电压比较器的误差。当转换器负载过大时，过流检测电阻KT1，KT2两端的电压降低，同时第15脚-V2的电位也会随之降低，当第15脚-V2的电位低于第16脚+V2接地电位时，通过控制芯片IC1内部调整输出脉冲的占空比，使转换器输出电流减小，进而影响转换器的输出功率，达到过流保护的目的，且故障排除后自动恢复正常。本发明之所以设计成减小转换器输出功率的方式，主要是保证车辆的行驶安全。The anodes of the Schottky diodes V4 and V5 are grounded through the overcurrent detecting resistors KT1 and KT2, and the resistance values of the overcurrent detecting resistors KT1 and KT2 can be adjusted to adjust the current limiting value of the converter; the other resistor R13 is connected in parallel with the resistor R44. After that, the 15th pin-V2 of the access control chip IC1 is used to detect the current, the 15th pin-V2 is grounded through the filter capacitor C4, and the other path is connected to the 3rd pin VOUTC of the control chip IC1 via the resistor R10 and the capacitor C5. Used to compensate for the error of the voltage comparator in pin 15 -V2. When the converter load is too large, the voltage across the overcurrent detection resistors KT1, KT2 decreases, and the potential of the 15th pin-V2 also decreases. When the potential of the 15th pin-V2 is lower than the 16th pin + V2 ground. At the potential, the duty cycle of the output pulse is adjusted internally by the control chip IC1 to reduce the output current of the converter, thereby affecting the output power of the converter, achieving the purpose of overcurrent protection, and automatically returning to normal after the fault is eliminated. The reason why the invention is designed to reduce the output power of the converter is to ensure the driving safety of the vehicle.

所述储能电感L1的另一端，一路经电阻R15与电阻R16串联后接入控制芯片IC1的第1脚+V1，用于检测电压，稳定转换器的输出电压；电阻R5、R6为输出电压取样电阻。电容C6、电阻R14组成第1脚+V1中的电压比较器的滤波电路，提高电压比较器的抗干扰性，进一步提高转换器输出电压的稳定性；另一路经电阻R17、二极管D1、电阻R12接入控制芯片的第14脚+5V，又经电阻R18、二极管D2、稳压二极管Z3接入控制芯片的第4脚CONT；控制芯片IC1的第2脚-V1电位由控制芯片第14脚+5V输出的+5V基准电压，经电阻R23分压后，接入第2脚-V1；控制芯片的第1、2脚和2、3脚之间分别接入耦合电容C11和C10；当转换器因某种原因输出电压较高，但没超过输出超压保护电压时，通过第1脚+V1检测的电压与第2脚-V1的电位进行比较，第1脚+V1电压高于第2脚-V1电位，通过控制芯片IC1内部调整减小输出脉冲的占空比，使转换器输出电压减小；反之，增大输出脉冲的占空比，使转换器输出电压升高；从而达到稳定转换器输出电压的目的。The other end of the energy storage inductor L1 is connected in series with the resistor R16 through a resistor R15 and then connected to the first pin +V1 of the control chip IC1 for detecting the voltage and stabilizing the output voltage of the converter; the resistors R5 and R6 are output voltages. Sampling resistor. The capacitor C6 and the resistor R14 form a filter circuit of the voltage comparator in the first pin + V1, thereby improving the anti-interference of the voltage comparator and further improving the stability of the output voltage of the converter; the other path is through the resistor R17, the diode D1, and the resistor R12. The 14th pin +5V of the access control chip is connected to the 4th pin CONT of the control chip via the resistor R18, the diode D2, and the Zener diode Z3; the 2nd pin-V1 potential of the control chip IC1 is controlled by the 14th pin of the control chip + The +5V reference voltage of the 5V output is divided by the resistor R23 and then connected to the second pin -V1; the coupling capacitors C11 and C10 are respectively connected between the first, second, and second and third legs of the control chip; For some reason, the output voltage is high, but when the output overvoltage protection voltage is not exceeded, the voltage detected by the first pin + V1 is compared with the potential of the second pin - V1, and the first pin + V1 voltage is higher than the second pin. -V1 potential, reduce the duty cycle of the output pulse by controlling the internal adjustment of the IC1 of the chip, so that the output voltage of the converter is reduced; conversely, increasing the duty ratio of the output pulse, so that the output voltage of the converter is increased; thereby achieving stable conversion The purpose of the output voltage.

所述振荡电路由电阻C8和电容R20组成，并与控制芯片IC1的第5脚CT，第6脚RT相连接；The oscillating circuit is composed of a resistor C8 and a capacitor R20, and is connected to the fifth leg CT of the control chip IC1, and the sixth pin RT;

所述控制芯片IC1的第9脚EA、第10脚EB输出脉冲，采用并联输出的形式，即第13脚 OUTCON脉冲输出方式设定端，接地，通过脉冲放大管Q2、二极管D7、电阻R19、电容C7以及耦合变压器T1，经电容C12后，一路通过电阻R25、R26与NMOS管V2、V3的栅极相连接驱动NMOS管工作；当NMOS管V2、V3导通时，输出电流通过经滤波电容CD7、CD8滤波后向负载供电；当NMOS管V2、V3截止时，储能电感L1形成储能电路，将磁能转变为电能，其极性左负右正，肖特基二极管V4、V5导通形成续流电路，继续向负载供电，使负载得到平滑的直流电；当输出电压高于设定的最大允许输出电压时，瞬态抑制二极管D5、D6反向击穿损坏，形成输出超压保护电路；使转换器输出电压几乎为零，以此保护负载不损坏。另一路连接电阻R27与稳压二极管Z1并联后连接电阻R28，其主要作用就是保护NMOS管V2、V3的栅极，从而保护NMOS管V2、V3不损坏。脉冲通过二极管D7的整流向脉冲放大管Q2供电，电阻R19为脉冲放大管Q2的基极偏置电阻。The 9th pin EA and the 10th pin EB output pulse of the control chip IC1 are in the form of parallel output, that is, the 13th pin OUTCON pulse output mode setting end, grounded, through the pulse amplifying tube Q2, the diode D7, the resistor R19, The capacitor C7 and the coupling transformer T1, after passing through the capacitor C12, are connected to the gates of the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 through the resistors R25 and R26 to drive the NMOS transistor; when the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 are turned on, the output current passes through the filter capacitor. After CD7 and CD8 are filtered, the load is supplied to the load. When the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 are turned off, the energy storage inductor L1 forms a storage circuit, which converts the magnetic energy into electric energy, and its polarity is left negative and right positive, and the Schottky diodes V4 and V5 are turned on. Forming a freewheeling circuit, continue to supply power to the load, so that the load obtains smooth DC current; when the output voltage is higher than the set maximum allowable output voltage, the transient suppression diodes D5, D6 reverse breakdown and damage, forming an output overvoltage protection circuit The converter output voltage is almost zero to protect the load from damage. The other connection resistor R27 is connected in parallel with the Zener diode Z1 and then connected to the resistor R28. Its main function is to protect the gates of the NMOS transistors V2 and V3, thereby protecting the NMOS transistors V2 and V3 from damage. The pulse is supplied to the pulse amplifying tube Q2 through the rectification of the diode D7, and the resistor R19 is the base bias resistor of the pulse amplifying tube Q2.

所述NMOS管、输入电源滤波电容、输出电源滤波电容，肖特基二极管均采用至少两个并联的方式接入电路。The NMOS transistor, the input power supply filter capacitor, the output power supply filter capacitor, and the Schottky diode are all connected to the circuit by using at least two parallel connections.

所述储能电感L1为环形电感。The energy storage inductor L1 is a ring inductor.

所述耦合变压器T1为环形变压器。The coupling transformer T1 is a toroidal transformer.

所述控制芯片IC1的型号为TL494I工业级芯片。The model of the control chip IC1 is a TL494I industrial grade chip.

Claims (7)

一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，包括电压输入输出电路、控制芯片、以及分别与控制芯片连接的电门锁电路、电流检测电路和电压检测电路，其特征在于，所述电门锁电路为控制芯片的CA脚、CB脚和VCC脚提供稳定的电压，并经振荡电路后连接控制芯片的CT脚、RT脚；所述电压输入输出电路的电压输入端经滤波以及反压、超压保护，一路连接电流检测电路，电流检测电路接控制芯片的-V2脚，另一路经滤波及反压保护输出12V直流电压，第三路接地；电压输入输出电路的输出端一路连接电压取样电阻后接入控制芯片的+V1脚，用于检测电压，稳定转换器的输出电压；另一路接控制芯片的+5V脚，再一路接控制芯片的CONT脚和-V1脚。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle, comprising a voltage input-output circuit, a control chip, and an electric door lock circuit, a current detecting circuit and a voltage detecting circuit respectively connected to the control chip, wherein the electric The gate lock circuit provides a stable voltage for the CA pin, the CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip, and is connected to the CT pin and the RT pin of the control chip via the oscillating circuit; the voltage input end of the voltage input/output circuit is filtered and back pressured Overpressure protection, one connection current detection circuit, current detection circuit connected to -V2 pin of control chip, the other channel filtered and back pressure protection output 12V DC voltage, third way ground; voltage input and output circuit output terminal one connection voltage After sampling the resistor, it is connected to the +V1 pin of the control chip to detect the voltage and stabilize the output voltage of the converter. The other circuit is connected to the +5V pin of the control chip, and then connected to the CONT pin and the -V1 pin of the control chip. 根据权利要求1所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述控制芯片的型号为TL494I。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the control chip is of the type TL494I. 根据权利要求1所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述电门锁电路设有一个开关三极管，开关三极管的集极与电源之间连接负载电阻，开关三极管的发射集一路接控制芯片的CB脚和VCC脚，另一路经过滤波和稳压后接控制芯片的CA脚，所述开关三极管的基极接由稳压器组成的稳压电路，为开关三极管提供稳定的电压输入信号，确保开关三极管稳定的工作在饱和状态，不受蓄电池电压波动的影响，从而为控制芯片提供稳定的工作电压。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the electric door lock circuit is provided with a switching transistor, a load resistor connected between the collector and the power source of the switching transistor, and a transmission of the switching transistor The CB pin and the VCC pin of the control chip are connected to one another, and the other is filtered and regulated to be connected to the CA pin of the control chip. The base of the switching transistor is connected to a voltage regulator circuit composed of a voltage regulator to provide stability for the switching transistor. The voltage input signal ensures that the switching transistor operates stably in a saturated state and is not affected by battery voltage fluctuations, thereby providing a stable operating voltage for the control chip. 根据权利要求3所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述电门锁电路经开关三极管输出后，还连接了一路稳压电路，该电路包括稳压二极管、第一三极管和第二三极管，稳压二极管的阴极与电门锁电路的输出端连接，阳极经一电阻接入第一三极管的基极，第一三极管通过一电阻供电，第一三极管的集电极接入第二三极管的基极，第二三极管的基极接入上、下偏置电阻；第二三极管的发射极一路接控制芯片的CONT脚，另一路接一电阻和滤波电容串联后一路接入第二三极管的集电极，一路接控制芯片的+5V脚；+5V脚一路通过一电阻接入控制芯片的CONT脚，另一路通过一电阻连接一二极管的阳极，再一路通过滤波电容接地，CONT脚通过滤波电容接地。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the electric door lock circuit is connected to a voltage stabilizing circuit after being outputted by the switching transistor, the circuit comprising a Zener diode, the first The triode and the second triode, the cathode of the Zener diode is connected to the output end of the electric door lock circuit, and the anode is connected to the base of the first triode via a resistor, and the first triode is powered by a resistor. The collector of the first triode is connected to the base of the second triode, the base of the second triode is connected to the upper and lower bias resistors; and the emitter of the second triode is connected to the CONT of the control chip. The other end of the circuit is connected to the collector of the second triode, and the +5V pin of the control chip is connected to the control chip. The +5V pin is connected to the CONT pin of the control chip through a resistor. The anode of a diode is connected through a resistor, and then grounded through a filter capacitor, and the CONT pin is grounded through the filter capacitor. 根据权利要求1所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述电压输入输出电路包括两个NMOS管以及电感，输入电源的正极经滤波、输入反接保护和接入超压保护后与NMOS管的漏极连接，NMOS管的源极连接电感，NMOS管作为基本降压转换器执行开关功能；所述电感连接MOS管源极的一端与电流检测电路连接；电感的另一端一路连接电压输入输出电路的电压输出端，经滤波及电压输出超压保护后输出+12V直流电源；另一路连接负载电阻后接地；再一路连接电压取样电阻并与控制芯片的+V1脚连接。The high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the voltage input-output circuit comprises two NMOS tubes and an inductor, and the anode of the input power source is filtered, the input is reverse-connected, and the access is super After the voltage protection is connected to the drain of the NMOS transistor, the source of the NMOS transistor is connected to the inductor, and the NMOS transistor is used as a basic buck converter to perform a switching function; the inductor is connected to the source of the MOS transistor and connected to the current detecting circuit; One end is connected to the voltage output end of the voltage input and output circuit, and after filtering and voltage output overvoltage protection, the output is +12V DC power supply; the other is connected to the load resistor and grounded; and the other is connected with the voltage sampling resistor and connected with the +V1 pin of the control chip. . 根据权利要求1所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述电流检测电路设置一组并联的肖特基二极管，其阳极一路分别串联过流检测电阻后并联接地，另一路并联两个电流取样电阻后一路接入控制芯片的+V2脚，用于检测电流，+V2脚经滤波电容后接地，另一路经滤波、稳压后接入控制芯片的VOUTC脚，用于补偿+V2脚中的电压比较器的误差；当转换器负载过大时，过流检测电阻两端的电压降低，同时+V2脚的电位也会随之降低，当+V2脚的电位低于接地的-V2电位时，通过控制芯片内部调整输出脉冲的占空比，使转换器输出电流减小，进而影响转换器的输出功率，达到过流保护的目的，且故障排除后自动恢复正常。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein said current detecting circuit is provided with a set of parallel Schottky diodes, wherein the anodes are respectively connected in series with an overcurrent detecting resistor and then connected in parallel to each other. One channel is connected in parallel with two current sampling resistors, and the other is connected to the +V2 pin of the control chip for detecting current. The +V2 pin is grounded by the filter capacitor, and the other is filtered and regulated to access the VOUTC pin of the control chip. Compensates the error of the voltage comparator in the +V2 pin; when the converter load is too large, the voltage across the overcurrent detection resistor decreases, and the potential of the +V2 pin also decreases, when the potential of the +V2 pin is lower than the ground. When the -V2 potential is used, the duty cycle of the output pulse is adjusted inside the control chip to reduce the output current of the converter, thereby affecting the output power of the converter, achieving the purpose of overcurrent protection, and automatically returning to normal after the fault is eliminated. 根据权利要求1所述的一种微型电动汽车专用大功率DC-DC12V30A转换器，所述转换器还包括耦合变压器电路，耦合变压器电路包括耦合变压器、脉冲放大管、耦合电容以及NMOS管栅极保护电路；控制芯片的EA、EB脚输出的脉冲经脉冲放大管放大由耦合电容耦合后输出至耦合变压器；耦合变压器的输出端经耦合电容耦合后连接NMOS管的栅极；且在变压器和NMOS管之间设置栅极保护电路，对NMOS管起到保护作用。A high-power DC-DC12V30A converter for a miniature electric vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising a coupling transformer circuit including a coupling transformer, a pulse amplifying tube, a coupling capacitor, and an NMOS tube gate protection The circuit outputs the pulse of the EA and EB pins of the control chip through the pulse amplifier to be amplified by the coupling capacitor and output to the coupling transformer; the output of the coupling transformer is coupled to the gate of the NMOS transistor via the coupling capacitor; and the transformer and the NMOS transistor A gate protection circuit is provided to protect the NMOS transistor.
PCT/CN2017/119193 2017-08-28 2017-12-28 Special high-power dc-dc 12v30a converter for micro-electric vehicle Ceased WO2019041692A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710749944.2A CN107425731A (en) 2017-08-28 2017-08-28 The special high power D C DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile
CN201710749944.2 2017-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019041692A1 true WO2019041692A1 (en) 2019-03-07

Family

ID=60434921

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2017/119193 Ceased WO2019041692A1 (en) 2017-08-28 2017-12-28 Special high-power dc-dc 12v30a converter for micro-electric vehicle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107425731A (en)
WO (1) WO2019041692A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115954832A (en) * 2022-12-02 2023-04-11 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 A voltage automatic detection protection circuit

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107425731A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-01 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 The special high power D C DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile
CN108667290A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-10-16 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 A kind of dedicated DC-DC12V25A converters of electric vehicle with electric switch lock function
CN108418425A (en) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-17 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 A kind of dedicated DC-DC12V25A converters of electric vehicle with the normal output functions of 12V
CN108494262A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-09-04 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 The special full isolation DC-DC converter of New-energy electric vehicle
CN109278560B (en) * 2018-09-05 2021-02-26 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 Overvoltage protection method, system and electric vehicle for electric vehicle
CN111555618A (en) * 2020-05-28 2020-08-18 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 Converter special for electric vehicle diesel fan heater
CN116780879B (en) * 2023-08-23 2023-11-24 浙江奥思伟尔电动科技有限公司 Active discharging circuit of high-voltage driving controller of electric automobile, controller and automobile

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5295058A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-03-15 Recoton Corporation Universal DC to DC power converter
CN102185483A (en) * 2011-05-09 2011-09-14 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Synchronous rectification driving circuit of flyback converter
CN102629835A (en) * 2012-04-10 2012-08-08 东莞市有有光电有限公司 Inverter with a voltage regulator
CN203983965U (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-12-03 深圳市雅迪威电子有限公司 The protective circuit of Switching Power Supply
CN104467441A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-03-25 全天自动化能源科技（东莞）有限公司 Auxiliary power circuit for photovoltaic inverter
CN205123346U (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-03-30 安徽师范大学 Hybrid vehicle carries lithium battery management device
CN106972749A (en) * 2017-05-16 2017-07-21 国网河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 A kind of automobile storage battery drives outer sound sound equipment change-over circuit
CN107425731A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-01 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 The special high power D C DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3264572A (en) * 1963-02-15 1966-08-02 Tia Electric Company Transiently regenerative amplification
FR2763627B1 (en) * 1997-05-20 1999-07-16 Valeo Systemes De Fermetures ELECTRIC VEHICLE DOOR LOCK COMPRISING A PIEZOELECTRIC MOTOR
CN2448666Y (en) * 2000-11-25 2001-09-19 李孝杰 Electric locomotive dc converter
JP3780251B2 (en) * 2002-11-20 2006-05-31 株式会社日立製作所 Interface circuit, power conversion device using the same, and electric vehicle using the same
US20050046457A1 (en) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-03 Pierce Jason C. Method and system for power supply control using a fixed-frequency pulse width modulation control circuit
CN2838140Y (en) * 2005-08-25 2006-11-15 是蓉珠 Vehicular DC-DC converter
CN2826827Y (en) * 2005-09-29 2006-10-11 李自祥 Low-power consumption six wire internal earth voltage regulator with overcurrent and overvoltage protection function
CN100356658C (en) * 2005-10-27 2007-12-19 华为技术有限公司 Circuit system for providing stable voltage variable constant current output
CN201233787Y (en) * 2008-07-01 2009-05-06 常熟开关制造有限公司(原常熟开关厂） Standard electric magnet control device
CN101791969B (en) * 2010-02-11 2012-07-18 天津市松正电动汽车技术股份有限公司 Electric control car controller
CN202374546U (en) * 2011-12-23 2012-08-08 兰州中兴绿色光源科技有限责任公司 High-altitude low-temperature preheated-started direct current energy-saving lamp
US9853602B2 (en) * 2012-04-11 2017-12-26 James K. Waller, Jr. Adaptive tracking rail audio amplifier
CN103513695A (en) * 2013-05-31 2014-01-15 浙江大学 Current controller for magneto-rheological damper
CN104533188A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-22 洪东纯 Anti-theft lock of electric bicycle
CN106505891A (en) * 2016-12-31 2017-03-15 广州市奔创电子科技有限公司 A vehicle-mounted plug-in power converter
CN207368882U (en) * 2017-08-28 2018-05-15 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 The special high power D C-DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5295058A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-03-15 Recoton Corporation Universal DC to DC power converter
CN102185483A (en) * 2011-05-09 2011-09-14 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Synchronous rectification driving circuit of flyback converter
CN102629835A (en) * 2012-04-10 2012-08-08 东莞市有有光电有限公司 Inverter with a voltage regulator
CN203983965U (en) * 2014-07-31 2014-12-03 深圳市雅迪威电子有限公司 The protective circuit of Switching Power Supply
CN104467441A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-03-25 全天自动化能源科技（东莞）有限公司 Auxiliary power circuit for photovoltaic inverter
CN205123346U (en) * 2015-11-17 2016-03-30 安徽师范大学 Hybrid vehicle carries lithium battery management device
CN106972749A (en) * 2017-05-16 2017-07-21 国网河南省电力公司平顶山供电公司 A kind of automobile storage battery drives outer sound sound equipment change-over circuit
CN107425731A (en) * 2017-08-28 2017-12-01 丰县宏祥电子科技有限公司 The special high power D C DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115954832A (en) * 2022-12-02 2023-04-11 西安北方光电科技防务有限公司 A voltage automatic detection protection circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107425731A (en) 2017-12-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019041692A1 (en) Special high-power dc-dc 12v30a converter for micro-electric vehicle
CN103379698A (en) LED constant current drive circuit with short-circuit protection
CN210405090U (en) BUCK converter circuit and direct current voltage reduction device using same
CN102497101B (en) A self-excited Buck circuit
CN209120062U (en) The failure isolation circuit of BUCK converter
CN213717615U (en) Power supply control circuit of variable frequency motor
CN111835197A (en) Novel high-power non-isolated double-output DC-DC converter
CN101338715B (en) oil pump controller
CN207368882U (en) The special high power D C-DC12V30A converters of miniature electric automobile
CN109672432B (en) MOSFET direct current solid state relay circuit with short-circuit protection
CN219304474U (en) Input anti-reflection device and DC-DC three-level circuit
CN104411055A (en) Logic protection amplification type blue-light LED lamp protecting system
CN104953866A (en) Combined protective multiplexed output voltage-stabilized power source based on logic protection amplifying circuit
CN104467478A (en) Novel balanced modulation type multiplexed output voltage-stabilized source
CN214045441U (en) A high-power adjustable switching power supply
CN103441672A (en) Self-excitation BUCK circuit based on auxiliary winding sampling circuit
CN210404738U (en) Reverse connection prevention protection circuit for direct current input
CN213693471U (en) Novel high-power non-isolated double-output DC-DC converter
CN103384056B (en) Electric automobile electric drive controller 12V power supply protection circuit
CN209593289U (en) Buck-Boost circuit
CN112152187A (en) Power control circuit of variable frequency motor
CN110768215A (en) An output overvoltage protection control circuit of a switching power supply and a control method thereof
CN222339033U (en) A photovoltaic inverter PV input anti-reverse connection circuit
CN219087000U (en) AC/DC conversion circuit
CN222996429U (en) An output short-circuit protection module of LLC converter and LLC converter

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17923743

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17923743

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1