WO2019029390A1 - 一种微带辐射单元及其天线 - Google Patents

一种微带辐射单元及其天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019029390A1
WO2019029390A1 PCT/CN2018/097588 CN2018097588W WO2019029390A1 WO 2019029390 A1 WO2019029390 A1 WO 2019029390A1 CN 2018097588 W CN2018097588 W CN 2018097588W WO 2019029390 A1 WO2019029390 A1 WO 2019029390A1
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Prior art keywords
radiating element
radiating
antenna
unit
radiating unit
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PCT/CN2018/097588
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李明超
剧红强
苗卫强
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京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
京信通信系统（广州）有限公司
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
天津京信通信系统有限公司
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Publication of WO2019029390A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019029390A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication antennas, and in particular to a microstrip radiation unit and an antenna thereof.
  • the microstrip antenna has the advantages of small size, light weight, thin profile, and many advantages such as easy batch processing and integrated conformality, and has been widely used.
  • the microstrip antenna expands the bandwidth mainly by adopting a two-layer patching scheme, in which each layer of the patch is interconnected by a plastic card and fastened to the reflector, or each layer of the patch is printed on the multilayer PCB.
  • the former has many parts and complicated assembly, and the latter is expensive; it is beneficial to reduce the cost of the broadband microstrip antenna. Therefore, the realization of broadband performance while simplifying the structure and reducing the cost is an urgent demand for the microstrip antenna.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a broadband microstrip radiation unit and an antenna, which has the advantages of simple structure, easy manufacture, low cost and good performance, and provides reliable resources for the deep coverage of the 4G network and the development of the 5G era.
  • a microstrip antenna includes an upper radiating unit, a lower radiating unit, a feeding microstrip line, and a dielectric substrate; the upper layer of the upper radiating unit has a tapered structure, and the lower end surface of the tapered structure and the lower radiating unit The middle position is electrically connected; the lower radiating element, the feeding microstrip line is attached to the upper surface of the dielectric substrate, and the feeding microstrip line is interconnected with the side of the lower radiating element.
  • the tapered structure of the upper radiating element may be a solid or hollow structure.
  • tapered structure may also be replaced by a cylindrical or square column structure.
  • the shape of the upper radiation unit and the lower radiation unit it may be a circular, square, or other polygonal structure.
  • the lower surface of the dielectric substrate may be attached with a metal layer, and the middle portion of the lower radiation unit is provided with a metal hole electrically connected to the metal layer of the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.
  • the lower end surface of the tapered structure in the middle of the upper radiation unit and the middle position of the lower radiation unit are tightly connected by welding or bolts and nuts.
  • a wireless communication antenna wherein it includes one or more microstrip antenna radiating elements as previously described.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the antenna components are small, compact, compact and beautiful, and low in cost.
  • Unit patches do not require additional component fastening and interconnection; with a simple structure, the actual standing wave is less than 1.5 with a relative bandwidth of more than 20%.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a radiating element of a microstrip antenna of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a simulation diagram of the voltage standing wave ratio simulation of the radiating element in the 4.9 to 6 GHz band.
  • Figure 3 is a simulation of the antenna pattern showing the radiation characteristics of the antenna of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a typical embodiment of a radiating element of the present invention, which illustrates its constituent structure, including: a layer radiating element 100, a lower radiating element 200, a feeding microstrip line 300, a dielectric substrate 400, and a dielectric substrate underlying metal layer 500.
  • the middle portion of the upper radiating unit 100 is a tapered structure 101, and the lower end surface of the tapered structure 100 extends out of a cylindrical boss 200, which is hollow inside.
  • the lower layer radiating unit 200 is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 400; a metal through hole 201 is disposed at a center of the lower layer radiating unit 200, and the metal through hole 201 penetrates the dielectric substrate 300, and The dielectric substrate underlying metal layers 500 are interconnected.
  • the lower end boss 102 of the tapered structure 101 in the middle of the upper radiating unit 100 is inserted into the metal through hole 201 at the center of the lower radiating unit 200, and the lower end surface of the tapered structure 101 and the central region of the lower radiating unit 200 are mutually welded. even.
  • the feeding microstrip line 300 is disposed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 400, and is connected to the lower layer radiating element 200 and its side, and is fed.
  • the peripheral contour of the upper radiating unit 100 and the bottom radiating unit 200 is circular, and the diameter is about one-half of the working frequency band;
  • the diameters of the upper and lower end faces of the tapered structure 101 in the middle of the upper radiating element 100 are less than a quarter wavelength; the antenna can be expanded by adjusting the size of the upper radiating unit 100, the lower radiating unit 200, and the size and height of the tapered structure 101.
  • the width of the band is less than a quarter wavelength; the antenna can be expanded by adjusting the size of the upper radiating unit 100, the lower radiating unit 200, and the size and height of the tapered structure 101.
  • One or more of the radiating elements of the present invention are mounted in a metal reflector and a necessary and well known feed network is provided to form the wireless communication antenna of the present invention.
  • the microstrip antennas manufactured according to the present invention have few components, are miniaturized by a simple and compact structure, have superior performance, are easy to manufacture, and are low in cost.

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  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种宽频微带辐射单元及其天线，包括上层辐射单元100、下层辐射单元200、馈电微带线300、介质基板400；所述的上层辐射单元100中部为锥状结构101，该锥状结构101的下端面与所述的下层辐射单元200中部位置电连接；所述的下层辐射单元200、馈电微带线300附着于介质基板400的上表面，且馈电微带线300与下层辐射单元200的侧边互连。本发明还提供一种无线通信天线，其包括一个或多个如前所述的辐射单元。本发明解决了微带辐射单元支撑零件多，结构复杂，成本较高的问题，此外，本发明的微带辐射单元及其天线结构简洁、易于制造，成本低廉，性能优越。

Description

一种微带辐射单元及其天线 技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信天线领域，尤其涉及一种微带辐射单元及其天线。
背景技术
随着4G移动通信网络的深度覆盖,使用微基站优化提升网络性能的进一步深入,以及更高频段的5G网络的试商用及未来的大规模部署,系统对天线的小型化、宽带化,以及成本提出了更高的要求。微带天线具有体积小、重量轻、剖面薄等优点，以及易于批量加工和集成共形等众多优点，现已应用相当广泛。目前微带天线拓展带宽的主要是采用双层贴片方案，各层贴片通过塑料卡件互连以及紧固到反射板上，或者是各层贴片印制在多层PCB板上。前者零件多，装配复杂，后者成本昂贵；都利于降低宽频带微带天线的成本。因此实现宽频带性能的同时简化结构，降低成本是市场对微带天线的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种宽频带的微带辐射单元以及天线，结构简洁、易于制造，成本低廉，性能良好，为4G网络的深入覆盖和5G时代的发展提供可靠的资源。
为达到以上技术目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种微带天线，包括上层辐射单元、下层辐射单元、馈电微带线、介质基板；所述的上层辐射单元中部为锥状结构，该锥状结构的下端面与所述的下层辐射单元中部位置电连接；所述的下层辐射单元、馈电微带线附着于介质基板的上表面，且馈电微带线与下层辐射单元的侧边互连。
所述的上层辐射单元的锥状结构可为实心或空心结构。
更进一步地:所述的锥状结构也可由圆柱、方柱结构替代。
关于上层辐射单元、下层辐射单元的形状：可为圆形、方形、或其他多边形结构。
所述的介质基板下表面可附有金属层，所述的下层辐射单元中部设置有与所述介质基板下表面的金属层电连接的金属孔。
更进一步地：所述的上层辐射单元中部的锥状结构下端面与所述的下层辐射单元中部位置通过焊接或螺栓与螺母紧固互连。
一种无线通信天线，其中，其包括一个或多个如前所述的微带天线辐射单元。
与现有技术相比较，本发明具有如下优势：
(1)天线部件少，小型化，结构紧凑美观，成本低廉。
(2)单元贴片不需要增加额外零部件紧固与互连；通过简单的结构现实驻波小于1.5的情况下拥有超过20％的相对频带宽度。
附图说明
图1是本发明的微带天线辐射单元整体结构示意图。
图2是辐射单元在4.9～6GHz频带内的电压驻波比仿真优化图。
图3是天线方向图仿真结果，示出了此发明天线的辐射特性。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述。
图1为本发明的辐射单元的典型实施例，其展示了其组成结构，包括：层辐射单元100、下层辐射单元200、馈电微带线300、介质基板400、介质基板底层金属层500。
所述的上层辐射单元100的中部为一锥状结构101，该锥状结构100的下端面延伸出一圆柱形的凸台200，该锥状结构内部中空。
所述的下层辐射单元200设置于所述的介质基板400的上表面；下层辐射单元200的中心位置设置有一个金属通孔201，该金属通孔201穿透所述 的介质基板300，并与所述的介质基板底层金属层500互连。
所述的上层辐射单元100中部的锥状结构101下端面凸台102插入到下层辐射单元200中心的金属通孔201中，锥状结构101的下端面与下层辐射单元200的中心区域通过焊接互连。
所述的馈电微带线300设置于所述的介质基板400上表面，并与下层辐射单元200连接与其侧边，并对其进行馈电。
所述的上层辐射单元100与底层辐射单元200的外围轮廓为圆形，直径在工作频段的二分之一左右；
所述的上层辐射单元100中部的锥状结构101的上下端面直径都小于四分之一波长；通过调整上层辐射单元100、下层辐射单元200的大小、锥状结构101的大小和高度可拓展天线的频段宽度。
一个或多个本发明所述的辐射单元装设于金属反射板中，加以必要且公知的馈电网络，便构成本发明的无线通信天线。
综上，按照本发明制造的微带天线零部件少、通过简单紧凑的结构实现小型化，性能优越；且易于制造、成本低廉。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但并不仅仅受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，均包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种微带天线辐射单元，包括上层辐射单元、下层辐射单元、馈电微带线、介质基板；其特征在于：所述的上层辐射单元中部为锥状结构，所述锥状结构下端面与所述的下层辐射单元中部位置电连接；所述的下层辐射单元、馈电微带线附着于介质基板的上表面，所述馈电微带线与所述的下层辐射单元的侧边互连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的辐射单元，其特征在于：所述的上层辐射单元的锥状结构为实心或空心结构。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的辐射单元，其特征在于：所述的锥状结构也可以为圆柱、方柱形结构。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的辐射单元，其特征在于：所述的上层辐射单元、下层辐射单元可为圆形、方形、或其他多边形结构。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的辐射单元，其特征在于：所述的介质基板下表面可附有金属层，所述的下层辐射单元中部设置有与所述介质基板下表面的金属层电连接的金属孔。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的辐射单元，其特征在于：所述的上层辐射单元中部的锥状结构下端面与所述的下层辐射单元中部位置通过焊接或螺栓螺母紧固互连。
  7. 一种移动通信天线，其特征在于：其包括一个或多个如权利要求1～6中任意一项所述的辐射单元。
PCT/CN2018/097588 2017-08-08 2018-07-27 一种微带辐射单元及其天线 WO2019029390A1 (zh)

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CN106602242A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-04-26 电子科技大学 一种低剖面高增益双极化天线
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US20150244077A1 (en) * 2014-02-25 2015-08-27 Ubiquiti Networks Inc. Antenna system and method
CN102170042A (zh) * 2011-01-26 2011-08-31 中兴通讯股份有限公司 一种提高角度分集效果的微带天线及方法
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CN103066385A (zh) * 2012-12-22 2013-04-24 西安电子科技大学 用于系统级封装的ltcc双层微带天线
CN105633568A (zh) * 2016-03-08 2016-06-01 电子科技大学 一种特殊馈电形式的ltcc叠层宽频微带阵列天线
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CN106602242A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-04-26 电子科技大学 一种低剖面高增益双极化天线
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