WO2019029068A1 - 一种led驱动电路及led电气指示灯 - Google Patents

一种led驱动电路及led电气指示灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019029068A1
WO2019029068A1 PCT/CN2017/114957 CN2017114957W WO2019029068A1 WO 2019029068 A1 WO2019029068 A1 WO 2019029068A1 CN 2017114957 W CN2017114957 W CN 2017114957W WO 2019029068 A1 WO2019029068 A1 WO 2019029068A1
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Prior art keywords
led
resistor
circuit
capacitor
module
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/114957
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何苗
许木桂
王成民
周海亮
王润
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Publication of WO2019029068A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019029068A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/345—Current stabilisation; Maintaining constant current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V29/00—Protecting lighting devices from thermal damage; Cooling or heating arrangements specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • F21V29/50—Cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/375—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using buck topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/54—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a series array of LEDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/56—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits involving measures to prevent abnormal temperature of the LEDs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/50—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits
    • H05B45/52—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED] responsive to malfunctions or undesirable behaviour of LEDs; responsive to LED life; Protective circuits in a parallel array of LEDs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of LED illumination, in particular to an LED driving circuit and an LED electrical indicator.
  • the LED electrical indicator has improved in quality compared to the electrical indicator light that uses filament heating as the light source.
  • the LED driving circuit of the existing LED electrical indicator is inferior, resulting in the quality and life of the LED electrical indicator. Decreased significantly.
  • the LED driving circuit includes a plurality of LED branches, each of which includes an LED string.
  • the current flowing through the faulty LED branch changes.
  • the current flowing through the other non-faulty LED branches also changes, so that the current flowing through the LED branches is not uniform.
  • the driving circuit in the prior art cannot balance the current flowing through the LED branches, so that the current flowing through the LED branches is uneven, which affects the illumination quality and life of the LED electrical indicator.
  • the failure rate of the LED electrical indicator is increased, and the safety factor and reliability of the LED electrical indicator are reduced.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an LED driving circuit and an LED electrical indicator light, which improves the luminous quality of the LED electrical indicator light, prolongs the life of the LED electrical indicator light, reduces the failure rate of the LED electrical indicator light, and increases the LED electrical quantity.
  • the safety factor and reliability of the indicator light is to provide an LED driving circuit and an LED electrical indicator light, which improves the luminous quality of the LED electrical indicator light, prolongs the life of the LED electrical indicator light, reduces the failure rate of the LED electrical indicator light, and increases the LED electrical quantity.
  • the present invention provides an LED driving circuit applied to an LED electrical indicator, comprising a power module and a circuit current sharing module, wherein the circuit current sharing module comprises N parallel LED branches of the same specification
  • Each of the LED branches includes an LED string, a triode, a base resistor and an emitter resistor, and N is an integer not less than 2, wherein:
  • a first end of the LED string is connected to an output positive end of the power module, and a second end of the LED string is respectively connected to a first end of a base resistor of the branch and a collector of the triode, a second end of the base resistor is connected to a base of the transistor, an emitter of the transistor is connected to a first end of the emitter resistor, and a second end of the emitter resistor is opposite to the power module
  • the output negative terminals are connected, and the first ends of the base resistances of the N said LED branches are connected to each other.
  • each of the LED branches further includes a sub-diode
  • the LED driving circuit further includes a total diode, wherein:
  • the positive ends of the sub-diodes are respectively connected to the second ends of the LED strings on the branch and the collectors of the transistors, and the negative ends of the sub-diodes on the N LED branches are connected to each other, and the common ends thereof
  • the positive terminals of the total diodes are connected, and the negative terminals of the total diodes are respectively connected to the first ends of the base resistances of the N of the LED branches.
  • the power module includes a circuit protection module, a circuit step-down module and a rectifier bridge, and the circuit protection module includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, and a negative temperature coefficient NTC resistor, wherein:
  • the first end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the first end of the first resistor and the output positive end of the alternating current power source, and the second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with the first end of the NTC resistor
  • the output negative end of the alternating current power supply is connected, the second end of the first resistor is connected to the input end of the circuit buck module, and the output end of the circuit buck module is connected to the input positive end of the rectifier bridge.
  • a second end of the NTC resistor is connected to an input negative end of the rectifier bridge, an output positive end of the rectifier bridge is used as an output positive end of the power module, and an output negative end of the rectifier bridge is used as the power module The negative end of the output.
  • the circuit buck module comprises a second resistor and a second capacitor, wherein:
  • a first end of the second resistor is connected to a first end of the second capacitor, a common end thereof is an input end of the circuit buck module, and a second end of the second resistor is opposite to the second capacitor The second end is connected and its common end serves as the output of the circuit buck module.
  • the power module further includes a third capacitor, a third resistor, and a fourth capacitor, wherein:
  • a first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to a first end of the third resistor and an output positive end of the rectifier bridge, and a second end of the third resistor and a first end of the fourth capacitor Connected, the common end of which is the output positive end of the power module, and the second end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor and the output negative end of the rectifier bridge, and the common end thereof is The output negative end of the power module.
  • the circuit board on which the LED driving circuit is located is specifically a double layer board.
  • the circuit board is specifically a double-layered board that has been glued.
  • the LED driving circuit further comprises a circuit current stabilizing module, wherein the circuit current stabilizing module comprises a Zener diode and a positive temperature coefficient PTC resistor, wherein:
  • a positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to an output negative end of the power module, and a negative terminal of the Zener diode is respectively connected to a first end of the PTC resistor and an output positive end of the power module, A second end of the PTC resistor is coupled to the first end of the LED string.
  • the present invention also provides an LED electrical indicator lamp, including any of the above LED driving circuits.
  • the LED electrical indicator light further comprises a heat sink.
  • the invention provides an LED driving circuit, which is applied to an LED electrical indicator light, comprising a power module and a circuit current sharing module.
  • the circuit current sharing module comprises N parallel LED branches of the same specification, each LED branch includes LED string, triode, base resistance and emitter resistance, N is an integer not less than 2, wherein: the first end of the LED string is connected to the positive end of the output of the power module, and the second end of the LED string is respectively associated with the branch on the branch
  • the first end of the base resistor is connected to the collector of the triode, the second end of the base resistor is connected to the base of the triode, the emitter of the triode is connected to the first end of the emitter resistor, and the second end of the emitter resistor is The output terminals of the power modules are connected to each other, and the first ends of the base resistors of the N LED branches are connected to each other.
  • the invention also provides an LED electrical indicator light having the same beneficial effects as the LED driving circuit described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an LED driving circuit provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another LED driving circuit provided by the present invention.
  • the core of the invention provides an LED driving circuit and LED electrical indicator light, which improves the luminous quality of the LED electrical indicator light, prolongs the life of the LED electrical indicator light, reduces the failure rate of the LED electrical indicator light, and increases the LED electrical The safety factor and reliability of the indicator light.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an LED driving circuit according to the present invention.
  • the LED driving circuit is applied to the LED electrical indicator light, and includes a power module 1 and a circuit current sharing module 2.
  • the circuit current sharing module 2 includes N parallel LED branches of the same specification, and each LED branch includes an LED string D. , the transistor Q, the base resistor R1 and the emitter resistor R2, N are integers not less than 2, wherein:
  • the first end of the LED string D is connected to the positive end of the output of the power module 1, and the second end of the LED string D
  • the terminals are respectively connected to the first end of the base resistor R1 and the collector of the transistor Q, and the second end of the base resistor R1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q, and the emitter and emitter resistor R2 of the transistor Q are respectively connected.
  • the first end is connected, the second end of the emitter resistor R2 is connected to the output negative end of the power module 1, and the first ends of the base resistor R1 of the N LED branches are connected to each other.
  • the LED driving circuit includes a power module 1 and a circuit current sharing module 2, and the LED driving circuit supplies power to the circuit current sharing module 2 through the power module 1.
  • the circuit current sharing module 2 includes a plurality of parallel LED branches. The specifications of each LED branch in the circuit current sharing module 2 should be the same in consideration of ensuring uniformity of current flowing through each LED branch.
  • the LED electrical indicator light includes N LED branches, and each LED branch includes an LED string D, a triode Q, a base resistor R1, and an emitter resistor R2.
  • the base resistor R1 acts as a bias resistor of the transistor Q, which causes the transistor Q to operate in an amplified state.
  • the base resistor R1 also serves as a base limit current resistor, which prevents the base current from being excessively large, thereby protecting the transistor Q from being burnt.
  • the emitter resistor R2 acts as a voltage detecting resistor. When the LED string D is short-circuited or disconnected, the current flowing through the emitter resistor R2 changes, and the voltage across the emitter resistor R2 also changes, thereby causing the emitter voltage to change. .
  • the circuit current sharing module 2 is used for equalizing and adjusting the current flowing through each LED branch. Specifically, when the LED string D of the partial LED branch is short-circuited, the voltage drop of the LED string D on the faulty LED branch is reduced, resulting in an increase in the base voltage of the triode Q on the faulty LED branch, due to the LED branches
  • the base of the transistor Q is connected through the base resistor R1, so the base voltage of the triode Q of other non-faulty LED branches is also increased, and because the emitters are connected together through the emitter resistor R2, they flow through the LEDs.
  • the base current of the transistor Q on the branch changes, resulting in a change in the collector current flowing through the transistor Q of each LED branch. Since the base voltages of the transistors Q are the same, and the emitter voltages of the transistors Q are the same, the voltages between the base and the emitter of each transistor Q are the same, that is, the parameters of the transistors Q match each other, thereby The collector current of each of the changed transistors Q is equalized to the same collector current flowing through the respective transistors Q, that is, the current flowing through the branches of the LEDs is uniform. When the LED string D of all LED branches is short-circuited, the LED electrical indicator does not work and the current flowing through each LED branch increases.
  • the invention provides an LED driving circuit, which is applied to an LED electrical indicator light, comprising a power module and a circuit current sharing module.
  • the circuit current sharing module comprises N parallel LED branches of the same specification, each LED branch includes LED string, triode, base resistance and emitter resistance, N is an integer not less than 2, wherein: the first end of the LED string is connected to the positive end of the output of the power module, and the second end of the LED string is respectively associated with the branch on the branch
  • the first end of the base resistor is connected to the collector of the triode, the second end of the base resistor is connected to the base of the triode, the emitter of the triode is connected to the first end of the emitter resistor, and the second end of the emitter resistor is The output terminals of the power modules are connected to each other, and the first ends of the base resistors of the N LED branches are connected to each other.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another LED driving circuit according to the present invention.
  • each of the LED branches further includes a sub-diode D1
  • the LED driving circuit further includes a total diode D2, wherein:
  • the positive terminal of the sub-diode D1 is respectively connected to the second end of the LED string D on the branch and the collector of the transistor Q, and the negative terminals of the sub-diode D1 on the N LED branches are connected to each other, and the common terminal and the total diode D2 are connected.
  • the positive terminals are connected to each other, and the negative terminals of the total diode D2 are respectively connected to the first ends of the base resistors R1 of the N LED branches.
  • a sub-diode D1 is added between the LED string D and the base resistor R1 of each LED branch, and all of the sub-diodes D1 and all of the base resistors R1 are connected by a total diode D2.
  • the volt-ampere characteristic of a diode is an exponential relationship between current and voltage.
  • the voltage changes slightly the current changes exponentially. Therefore, when the LED string D on the LED branch is short-circuited, the voltage of the LED string D changes, that is, the voltage of the sub-diode D1 of the branch thereof changes, and the current of the sub-diode D1 changes exponentially.
  • the sub-diode D1 and the total diode D2 correspond to a variable resistor, and as the current flowing through the sub-diode D1 and the total diode D2 increases, the resistance thereof increases, thereby reducing the current. Therefore, the presence of the sub-diode D1 and the total diode D2 prevents the increased current from falling all over the triode Q of each LED branch, thereby protecting the triode Q from being burned out.
  • the power module 1 includes a circuit protection module, a circuit step-down module, and a rectifier bridge.
  • the circuit protection module includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, and a NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) resistor, wherein:
  • the first end of the first capacitor is respectively connected to the first end of the first resistor and the positive end of the output of the alternating current power source, and the second end of the first capacitor is respectively connected with the first end of the NTC resistor and the output negative end of the alternating current power source, respectively
  • the second end of the resistor is connected to the input end of the circuit buck module, the output end of the circuit buck module is connected to the input positive end of the rectifier bridge, and the second end of the NTC resistor is connected to the input negative end of the rectifier bridge, and the rectifier bridge is connected
  • the positive terminal of the output is used as the output positive terminal of the power module 1
  • the negative terminal of the output of the rectifier bridge is used as the output negative terminal of the power module 1.
  • the power module 1 includes a circuit protection module, a circuit step-down module, and a rectifier bridge.
  • the circuit step-down module is configured to reduce the voltage of the alternating current power source
  • the rectifier bridge is configured to convert the alternating current power of the reduced-voltage alternating current power source into a direct current power.
  • the present application uses rectifier bridge rectification, which can effectively reduce the point of failure compared to discrete components.
  • the circuit protection module includes a first capacitor, a first resistor, and an NTC resistor. Specifically, considering that there is a lot of noise in the industrial power environment, the first capacitor is used to filter at the input end of the AC power source, thereby ensuring the stability of the AC power source. The first capacitor can also suppress the generation of common mode interference.
  • the first resistor acts as a protection resistor at the input of the AC power source to prevent the component from being burned when the voltage is too high.
  • the NTC resistor acts as an absorption surge component.
  • the initial resistance of the NTC resistor is large, which is equivalent to an open circuit, which suppresses the excessive current when the AC power supply is turned on, thereby protecting the LED drive circuit;
  • the circuit gradually enters the normal working state, as the current flowing through the NTC resistor increases, the temperature of the NTC resistor gradually increases, causing the resistance value of the NTC resistor to gradually decrease, so that the normal operation of the LED driving circuit is not affected. The effect of NTC resistance.
  • the circuit buck module includes a second resistor and a second capacitor, wherein:
  • the first end of the second resistor is connected to the first end of the second capacitor, the common end of which is the input end of the circuit buck module, and the second end of the second resistor is connected to the second end of the second capacitor, the common end of which is The output of the circuit buck module.
  • the circuit buck module herein includes a second resistor and a second capacitor connected in parallel with the second resistor, and the second capacitor is stepped down, and the step-down efficiency is high.
  • the resistance of the second resistor is large.
  • the LED driving circuit When the LED driving circuit operates, most of the current flows into the second capacitor, and the second capacitor stores the amount of electricity.
  • the second resistor When the LED driving circuit is powered off, the second resistor is connected in parallel with the second resistor. The second capacitor forms a loop, and the amount of electricity stored in the second capacitor is released through the second resistor to prevent excessive voltage from burning out other components.
  • the power module 1 further includes a third capacitor, a third resistor, and a fourth capacitor, wherein:
  • the first end of the third capacitor is respectively opposite to the first end of the third resistor and the output positive end of the rectifier bridge
  • the second end of the third resistor is connected to the first end of the fourth capacitor, the common end of which is the output positive end of the power module 1, and the second end of the third capacitor and the second end of the fourth capacitor and the rectifier bridge respectively
  • the output negative terminal is connected, and its common terminal serves as the output negative terminal of the power module 1.
  • the third resistor is used for current limiting protection
  • the third capacitor is used as a low frequency rectifying filter capacitor for filtering the output signal of the rectifier bridge
  • the fourth capacitor is used as a high frequency filter capacitor
  • the third is the output signal of the power module 1 more stable.
  • the circuit board on which the LED drive circuit is located is specifically a two-layer board.
  • the circuit board where the LED driving circuit is located uses a double-layer board.
  • the double-layer board can arrange electronic components on both sides, thereby reducing the occupied space and satisfying the national limit standard for the LED electrical indicator size;
  • the collector current of the triode Q of the faulty LED branch is relatively large, and the double-layer board contributes to heat dissipation of the LED driving circuit, thereby preventing the triode Q of the faulty LED branch from being burned out.
  • the circuit board is specifically a double-layered board that has been glued.
  • the circuit board is glued to enhance the ability of dust, moisture, and electric shock to adapt to complex industrial environments.
  • the LED driving circuit further includes a circuit current stabilizing module including a Zener diode and a PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) resistor, wherein:
  • the positive terminal of the Zener diode is connected to the output negative terminal of the power module 1, and the negative terminal of the Zener diode is respectively connected to the first end of the PTC resistor and the output positive terminal of the power module 1, and the second end of the PTC resistor and the LED string D The first end is connected.
  • the Zener diode and the PTC resistor provide a stable current for the circuit current sharing module 2.
  • the Zener diode provides a stable voltage for the circuit current sharing module 2
  • the PTC resistor is used as the current adjustment component, and the current flowing through the PTC resistor increases.
  • the temperature of the PTC resistor rises, which causes the resistance value of the PTC resistor to increase and lower the current.
  • the temperature of the PTC resistor decreases, thereby causing the resistance value of the PTC resistor to decrease. Small, increasing the current.
  • the invention also provides an LED electrical indicator light comprising any of the above LED drive circuits.
  • LED driving circuit in the LED electrical indicator provided by the present invention, please refer to the above LED driving circuit embodiment, and the present invention will not be described herein.
  • the LED electrical indicator lamp further includes a lamp cap and a lamp post.
  • the circuit board where the LED drive circuit is located is loaded from the lamp cap, and the lamp post has four clip slots, and the four clip slots are used for fixing the circuit board, and the installation is simple. practical.
  • the two terminals of the LED electrical indicator light have a wire hole. When the circuit board is installed, the two main power wires pass through the wire hole and are soldered to the terminal, and then the power cable of the LED disk is soldered.
  • the LED electrical indicator light also includes a heat sink.

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Abstract

一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯，包括电源模块（1）和电路均流模块（2），电路均流模块包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条LED支路均包括LED串（D）、三极管（Q）、基极电阻（R1）及发射极电阻（R2），N为不小于2的整数，其中：LED串的第一端与电源模块的输出正端相连，LED串的第二端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻的第一端和三极管的集电极相连，基极电阻的第二端与三极管的基极相连，三极管的发射极与发射极电阻的第一端相连，发射极电阻的第二端与电源模块的输出负端相连，N条LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相互连接。该驱动电路延长了LED电气指示灯的寿命，降低了LED电气指示灯的故障率，增加了LED电气指示灯的可靠性。

Description

一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯
本申请要求于2017年8月10日提交至中国专利局、申请号为201710680285.1、发明名称为“一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及LED照明领域，特别是涉及一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯。
背景技术
随着照明技术的发展，LED电气指示灯的应用越来越广泛。LED电气指示灯相比于利用灯丝发热作为光源的电气指示灯来说，质量已经有所改善，但是，现有的LED电气指示灯的LED驱动电路比较劣质，导致LED电气指示灯的质量和寿命显著下降。
具体地，LED驱动电路包括多条LED支路，每条LED支路上均包括LED串，当存在LED支路中的LED串发生短路或断路时，流经故障LED支路的电流会发生变化，从而导致流经其他非故障LED支路的电流也发生变化，使得流经各LED支路的电流不均匀。针对该情况，现有技术中的驱动电路不能对流经各LED支路的电流进行均衡调整，从而使得由于流经各LED支路的电流不均匀，影响了LED电气指示灯的发光质量和寿命，增加了LED电气指示灯的故障率，降低了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数和可靠性。
因此，如何提供一种解决上述技术问题的方案是本领域的技术人员目前需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯，提高了LED电气指示灯的发光质量，延长了LED电气指示灯的寿命，降低了LED电气指示灯的故障率，增加了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数和可靠性。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种LED驱动电路，应用于LED电气指示灯，包括电源模块和电路均流模块，所述电路均流模块包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条所述LED支路均包括LED串、三极管、基极电阻及发射极电阻，N为不小于2的整数，其中：
所述LED串的第一端与所述电源模块的输出正端相连，所述LED串的第二端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻的第一端和所述三极管的集电极相连，所述基极电阻的第二端与所述三极管的基极相连，所述三极管的发射极与所述发射极电阻的第一端相连，所述发射极电阻的第二端与所述电源模块的输出负端相连，N条所述LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相互连接。
优选地，每条所述LED支路均还包括子二极管，所述LED驱动电路还包括总二极管，其中：
所述子二极管的正极端分别与其所在支路上的LED串的第二端和所述三极管的集电极相连，N条所述LED支路上的子二极管的负极端相互连接，其公共端与所述总二极管的正极端相连，所述总二极管的负极端分别与N条所述LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相连。
优选地，所述电源模块包括电路保护模块、电路降压模块及整流桥，所述电路保护模块包括第一电容、第一电阻、负温度系数NTC电阻，其中：
所述第一电容的第一端分别与所述第一电阻的第一端和交流电源的输出正端相连，所述第一电容的第二端分别与所述NTC电阻的第一端和所述交流电源的输出负端相连，所述第一电阻的第二端与所述电路降压模块的输入端相连，所述电路降压模块的输出端与所述整流桥的输入正端相连，所述NTC电阻的第二端与所述整流桥的输入负端相连，所述整流桥的输出正端作为所述电源模块的输出正端，所述整流桥的输出负端作为所述电源模块的输出负端。
优选地，所述电路降压模块包括第二电阻和第二电容，其中：
所述第二电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为所述电路降压模块的输入端，所述第二电阻的第二端与所述第二电容的第二端相连，其公共端作为所述电路降压模块的输出端。
优选地，所述电源模块还包括第三电容、第三电阻及第四电容，其中：
所述第三电容的第一端分别与所述第三电阻的第一端和所述整流桥的输出正端相连，所述第三电阻的第二端与所述第四电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为所述电源模块的输出正端，所述第三电容的第二端分别与所述第四电容的第二端和所述整流桥的输出负端相连，其公共端作为所述电源模块的输出负端。
优选地，所述LED驱动电路所在的电路板具体为双层板。
优选地，所述电路板具体为经过打胶处理的双层板。
优选地，所述LED驱动电路还包括电路稳流模块，所述电路稳流模块包括稳压二极管和正温度系数PTC电阻，其中：
所述稳压二极管的正极端与所述电源模块的输出负端相连，所述稳压二极管的负极端分别与所述PTC电阻的第一端和所述电源模块的输出正端相连，所述PTC电阻的第二端与所述LED串的第一端相连。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了一种LED电气指示灯，包括上述任一种LED驱动电路。
优选地，所述LED电气指示灯还包括散热器。
本发明提供了一种LED驱动电路，应用于LED电气指示灯，包括电源模块和电路均流模块，电路均流模块包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条LED支路均包括LED串、三极管、基极电阻及发射极电阻，N为不小于2的整数，其中：LED串的第一端与电源模块的输出正端相连，LED串的第二端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻的第一端和三极管的集电极相连，基极电阻的第二端与三极管的基极相连，三极管的发射极与发射极电阻的第一端相连，发射极电阻的第二端与电源模块的输出负端相连，N条LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相互连接。
可见，采用本申请中LED驱动电路的电路结构，当存在LED支路的LED串短路或断路时，由于各LED支路的三极管的基极电压相同，各三极管的发射极电压也相同，则各三极管的基极与发射极之间的电压相同，所以流经各三极管的集电极电流相同，实现了流经每条LED支路的电流的均匀，提高了LED电气指示灯的发光质量，延长了LED电气指示灯的寿 命，降低了LED电气指示灯的故障率，增加了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数和可靠性。
本发明还提供了一种LED电气指示灯，与上述LED驱动电路具有相同的有益效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的一种LED驱动电路的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的另一种LED驱动电路的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种LED驱动电路及LED电气指示灯，提高了LED电气指示灯的发光质量，延长了LED电气指示灯的寿命，降低了LED电气指示灯的故障率，增加了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数和可靠性。
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参照图1，图1为本发明提供的一种LED驱动电路的结构示意图。
该LED驱动电路应用于LED电气指示灯，包括电源模块1和电路均流模块2，电路均流模块2包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条LED支路均包括LED串D、三极管Q、基极电阻R1及发射极电阻R2，N为不小于2的整数，其中：
LED串D的第一端与电源模块1的输出正端相连，LED串D的第二 端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻R1的第一端和三极管Q的集电极相连，基极电阻R1的第二端与三极管Q的基极相连，三极管Q的发射极与发射极电阻R2的第一端相连，发射极电阻R2的第二端与电源模块1的输出负端相连，N条LED支路上的基极电阻R1的第一端相互连接。
具体地，LED驱动电路包括电源模块1和电路均流模块2，LED驱动电路通过电源模块1为电路均流模块2供电。电路均流模块2包括多条并联的LED支路，考虑到要保证流经每条LED支路的电流的均匀性，所以电路均流模块2中每条LED支路的规格应该相同。
具体地，LED电气指示灯包括N条LED支路，每条LED支路均包括LED串D、三极管Q、基极电阻R1及发射极电阻R2。基极电阻R1作为三极管Q的偏置电阻，使三极管Q工作在放大状态，同时，基极电阻R1也作为基极限流电阻，能够防止基极电流过大，从而保护三极管Q不被烧毁。发射极电阻R2作为电压检测电阻，当LED串D短路或断路时，流经发射极电阻R2的电流会发生变化，发射极电阻R2两端的电压也随之变化，从而导致发射极的电压发生变化。
当存在LED支路上的LED串D短路或断路时，电路均流模块2用于均衡调整流经各LED支路的电流。具体地，当部分LED支路上的LED串D短路时，故障LED支路上的LED串D的压降减小，导致所在故障LED支路上的三极管Q的基极电压增大，由于各LED支路的三极管Q的基极通过基极电阻R1连接在一起，所以其他非故障LED支路上的三极管Q基极电压也增大，又因为发射极通过发射极电阻R2连接在一起，所以流经各LED支路上的三极管Q的基极电流发生变化，从而导致流经各LED支路上的三极管Q的集电极电流发生变化。由于各三极管Q的基极电压相同，各三极管Q的发射极电压也相同，则各三极管Q的基极与发射极之间的电压相同，也就是说，各三极管Q的参数相互匹配，从而将发生变化的各三极管Q的集电极电流均衡调整至流经各三极管Q的集电极电流相同，也即流经各LED支路上的电流均匀。当所有LED支路上的LED串D短路时，LED电气指示灯不工作，流经每条LED支路的电流增大。
当存在部分LED支路上的LED串D断路时，流经其他非故障LED 支路上的电流增大，由于故障LED支路上的三极管Q的集电极断路，此三极管Q相当于一个普通的二极管，基于上述原理，由于非故障LED支路上三极管Q的参数相互匹配，因此，非故障LED支路上增大的电流平均分配，也即流经各非故障LED支路上的电流均匀。当存在所有LED支路上的LED串D断路时，LED电气指示灯不工作，所有的三极管也不工作。
可见，当存在LED支路的LED串D短路或断路时，由于各LED支路的三极管Q的参数相互匹配，实现了流经每条LED支路的电流的均匀。此外，只要不是所有的LED串D出现故障，该LED电气指示灯的非故障LED串D仍然以同样的亮度工作，只是亮度大小有所变化，经过实际的使用情况来看，这两种情况发生的概率很低，增强了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数。
本发明提供了一种LED驱动电路，应用于LED电气指示灯，包括电源模块和电路均流模块，电路均流模块包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条LED支路均包括LED串、三极管、基极电阻及发射极电阻，N为不小于2的整数，其中：LED串的第一端与电源模块的输出正端相连，LED串的第二端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻的第一端和三极管的集电极相连，基极电阻的第二端与三极管的基极相连，三极管的发射极与发射极电阻的第一端相连，发射极电阻的第二端与电源模块的输出负端相连，N条LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相互连接。
可见，采用本申请中LED驱动电路的电路结构，当存在LED支路的LED串短路或断路时，由于各LED支路的三极管的基极电压相同，各三极管的发射极电压也相同，则各三极管的基极与发射极之间的电压相同，所以流经各三极管的集电极电流相同，实现了流经每条LED支路的电流的均匀，提高了LED电气指示灯的发光质量，延长了LED电气指示灯的寿命，降低了LED电气指示灯的故障率，增加了LED电气指示灯的安全保障系数和可靠性。
在上述实施例的基础上：
请参照图2，图2为本发明提供的另一种LED驱动电路的结构示意图。
作为一种优选地实施例，每条LED支路均还包括子二极管D1，LED驱动电路还包括总二极管D2，其中：
子二极管D1的正极端分别与其所在支路上的LED串D的第二端和三极管Q的集电极相连，N条LED支路上的子二极管D1的负极端相互连接，其公共端与总二极管D2的正极端相连，总二极管D2的负极端分别与N条LED支路上的基极电阻R1的第一端相连。
具体地，在每条LED支路上的LED串D和基极电阻R1之间均增加子二极管D1，所有的子二极管D1和所有的基极电阻R1之间通过一个总二极管D2连接。当LED支路上的LED串D发生短路时，流入各LED支路的电流会增大，在这一过程中，有部分增加的电流会分流到子二极管D1中，然后通过总二极管D2将电流分到各LED支路上的三极管Q的基极。
二极管的伏安特性为电流和电压呈指数关系，当电压微小变化时，电流呈指数变化。因此，当LED支路上的LED串D发生短路时，LED串D的电压发生变化，即其所在支路的子二极管D1的电压发生变化，则子二极管D1的电流随之指数变化。此时的子二极管D1和总二极管D2相当于一个可变电阻，当流经子二极管D1和总二极管D2的电流增大时，其电阻随之增大，从而使电流减小。因此，子二极管D1和总二极管D2的存在，防止增加的电流全部落入各LED支路的三极管Q上，从而保护三极管Q不被烧坏。
作为一种优选地实施例，电源模块1包括电路保护模块、电路降压模块及整流桥，电路保护模块包括第一电容、第一电阻、NTC(Negative Temperature Coefficient，负温度系数)电阻，其中：
第一电容的第一端分别与第一电阻的第一端和交流电源的输出正端相连，第一电容的第二端分别与NTC电阻的第一端和交流电源的输出负端相连，第一电阻的第二端与电路降压模块的输入端相连，电路降压模块的输出端与整流桥的输入正端相连，NTC电阻的第二端与整流桥的输入负端相连，整流桥的输出正端作为电源模块1的输出正端，整流桥的输出负端作为电源模块1的输出负端。
具体地，电源模块1包括电路保护模块、电路降压模块及整流桥，电路降压模块用于降低交流电源的电压，整流桥用于将降低电压的交流电源的交流电转变成直流电。本申请采用整流桥整流，相比于分立元件，能够有效地减少故障点。
电路保护模块包括第一电容、第一电阻、NTC电阻，具体地，考虑到工业用电环境里存在许多噪声，采用第一电容在交流电源的输入端进行滤波，从而保证了交流电源的稳定性，第一电容也可以抑制共模干扰的产生。第一电阻作为交流电源输入端的保护电阻，防止电压过高时烧毁元件。NTC电阻作为吸收浪涌元件，当交流电源接通的瞬间，NTC电阻的初始阻值很大，相当于断路，抑制交流电源刚接通瞬间电流过大，从而保护了LED驱动电路；在LED驱动电路逐渐进入正常的工作状态的过程中，随着流经NTC电阻的电流的增大，NTC电阻的温度逐渐升高，导致NTC电阻的电阻值逐渐减小，使得LED驱动电路的正常工作不受NTC电阻的影响。
作为一种优选地实施例，电路降压模块包括第二电阻和第二电容，其中：
第二电阻的第一端与第二电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为电路降压模块的输入端，第二电阻的第二端与第二电容的第二端相连，其公共端作为电路降压模块的输出端。
具体地，这里的电路降压模块包括第二电阻和与第二电阻并联的第二电容，采用第二电容降压，降压效率高。这里的第二电阻的阻值较大，当LED驱动电路工作时，电流大部分流入第二电容，第二电容会储存电量，当LED驱动电路停电时，第二电阻和与第二电阻并联的第二电容形成一个回路，储存在第二电容的电量会通过第二电阻释放出来，防止过高的电压烧坏其他元件。
当然，本申请还可以选用其他降压方式，本发明在此不做特别的限定，根据实际情况来定。
作为一种优选地实施例，电源模块1还包括第三电容、第三电阻及第四电容，其中：
第三电容的第一端分别与第三电阻的第一端和整流桥的输出正端相 连，第三电阻的第二端与第四电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为电源模块1的输出正端，第三电容的第二端分别与第四电容的第二端和整流桥的输出负端相连，其公共端作为电源模块1的输出负端。
具体地，第三电阻用于限流保护，第三电容作为低频整流滤波电容，用于对整流桥的输出信号进行滤波，第四电容作为高频滤波电容，三者使得电源模块1的输出信号更加稳定。
作为一种优选地实施例，LED驱动电路所在的电路板具体为双层板。
具体地，LED驱动电路所在的电路板选用双层板，一方面，双层板可以两面都布置电子元件，减少了占用空间，满足了国家对LED电气指示灯大小的限制标准；另一方面，当LED支路上的LED串D短路时，故障LED支路的三极管Q的集电极电流比较大，双层板有助于LED驱动电路的散热，从而防止故障LED支路的三极管Q被烧坏。
作为一种优选地实施例，电路板具体为经过打胶处理的双层板。
具体地，电路板打胶处理，增强了防尘、防潮、防触电的能力，以适应复杂的工业环境。
作为一种优选地实施例，LED驱动电路还包括电路稳流模块，电路稳流模块包括稳压二极管和PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient，正温度系数)电阻，其中：
稳压二极管的正极端与电源模块1的输出负端相连，稳压二极管的负极端分别与PTC电阻的第一端和电源模块1的输出正端相连，PTC电阻的第二端与LED串D的第一端相连。
稳压二极管和PTC电阻为电路均流模块2提供稳定的电流，具体地，稳压二极管为电路均流模块2提供稳定的电压，采用PTC电阻做电流调整元件，当流经PTC电阻的电流增大时，PTC电阻的温度升高，从而导致PTC电阻的电阻值增大，降低了电流，反之，当流经PTC电阻的电流减小时，PTC电阻的温度降低，从而导致PTC电阻的电阻值减小，增大了电流。
本发明还提供了一种LED电气指示灯，包括上述任一种LED驱动电路。
对于本发明提供的LED电气指示灯中LED驱动电路的介绍请参照上述LED驱动电路实施例，本发明在此不再赘述。
LED电气指示灯还包括灯帽和灯柱，具体地，LED驱动电路所在的电路板从灯帽方向装入，灯柱上具有四个夹槽，四个夹槽用于固定电路板，安装简单实用。LED电气指示灯的两个接线柱留有过线孔，安装电路板时，两条主电源线穿过过线孔并焊接到接线柱上，然后才焊LED盘的电源线。
作为一种优选地实施例，LED电气指示灯还包括散热器。
为了进一步扩散LED电气指示灯工作时产生的热量，在LED电气指示灯上安装散热器。
需要说明的是，在本说明书中，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其他实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种LED驱动电路，应用于LED电气指示灯，其特征在于，包括电源模块和电路均流模块，所述电路均流模块包括N条并联的、规格相同的LED支路，每条所述LED支路均包括LED串、三极管、基极电阻及发射极电阻，N为不小于2的整数，其中：
    所述LED串的第一端与所述电源模块的输出正端相连，所述LED串的第二端分别与其所在支路上的基极电阻的第一端和所述三极管的集电极相连，所述基极电阻的第二端与所述三极管的基极相连，所述三极管的发射极与所述发射极电阻的第一端相连，所述发射极电阻的第二端与所述电源模块的输出负端相连，N条所述LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相互连接。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，每条所述LED支路均还包括子二极管，所述LED驱动电路还包括总二极管，其中：
    所述子二极管的正极端分别与其所在支路上的LED串的第二端和所述三极管的集电极相连，N条所述LED支路上的子二极管的负极端相互连接，其公共端与所述总二极管的正极端相连，所述总二极管的负极端分别与N条所述LED支路上的基极电阻的第一端相连。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述电源模块包括电路保护模块、电路降压模块及整流桥，所述电路保护模块包括第一电容、第一电阻、负温度系数NTC电阻，其中：
    所述第一电容的第一端分别与所述第一电阻的第一端和交流电源的输出正端相连，所述第一电容的第二端分别与所述NTC电阻的第一端和所述交流电源的输出负端相连，所述第一电阻的第二端与所述电路降压模块的输入端相连，所述电路降压模块的输出端与所述整流桥的输入正端相连，所述NTC电阻的第二端与所述整流桥的输入负端相连，所述整流桥的输出正端作为所述电源模块的输出正端，所述整流桥的输出负端作为所述电源模块的输出负端。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述电路降压模块包括第二电阻和第二电容，其中：
    所述第二电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为所述电路降压模块的输入端，所述第二电阻的第二端与所述第二电容的第二端相连，其公共端作为所述电路降压模块的输出端。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述电源模块还包括第三电容、第三电阻及第四电容，其中：
    所述第三电容的第一端分别与所述第三电阻的第一端和所述整流桥的输出正端相连，所述第三电阻的第二端与所述第四电容的第一端相连，其公共端作为所述电源模块的输出正端，所述第三电容的第二端分别与所述第四电容的第二端和所述整流桥的输出负端相连，其公共端作为所述电源模块的输出负端。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述LED驱动电路所在的电路板具体为双层板。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述电路板具体为经过打胶处理的双层板。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的LED驱动电路，其特征在于，所述LED驱动电路还包括电路稳流模块，所述电路稳流模块包括稳压二极管和正温度系数PTC电阻，其中：
    所述稳压二极管的正极端与所述电源模块的输出负端相连，所述稳压二极管的负极端分别与所述PTC电阻的第一端和所述电源模块的输出正端相连，所述PTC电阻的第二端与所述LED串的第一端相连。
  9. 一种LED电气指示灯，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-8任一项所述的LED驱动电路。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的LED电气指示灯，其特征在于，所述LED电气指示灯还包括散热器。
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