WO2019029049A1 - 线性振动马达 - Google Patents

线性振动马达 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019029049A1
WO2019029049A1 PCT/CN2017/112166 CN2017112166W WO2019029049A1 WO 2019029049 A1 WO2019029049 A1 WO 2019029049A1 CN 2017112166 W CN2017112166 W CN 2017112166W WO 2019029049 A1 WO2019029049 A1 WO 2019029049A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coil
magnet
linear vibration
vibration motor
assembly
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PCT/CN2017/112166
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛东升
张新众
臧玮晔
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Goertek Inc
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Goertek Inc
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Publication of WO2019029049A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019029049A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/18—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with coil systems moving upon intermittent or reversed energisation thereof by interaction with a fixed field system, e.g. permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K33/00—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system
    • H02K33/02—Motors with reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating magnet, armature or coil system with armatures moved one way by energisation of a single coil system and returned by mechanical force, e.g. by springs

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electronic products. More specifically, it relates to a linear vibration motor.
  • a miniature linear vibration motor is usually used for feedback of the system, such as clicking the vibration feedback of the touch screen.
  • a linear vibration motor is a component that converts electrical energy into mechanical vibration using the principle of electromagnetic force.
  • a conventional linear vibration motor is usually installed in a mobile communication terminal, a portable terminal or the like, which is usually installed at an edge portion of the device, and receives vibrations. The object produces vibration in a vertical direction.
  • Existing linear vibration motors typically include a housing having a receiving chamber in which is disposed a stator assembly, a vibrator assembly, and an elastomeric support configured to suspend the vibrator assembly within the receiving chamber.
  • the stator assembly may be a magnet or a coil fixedly coupled to the housing, and the corresponding vibration assembly may be a coil or magnet that is supported by the elastic support for up and down vibration.
  • the existing magnets as the stator assembly or the vibrator assembly are all cylindrical solid core structures, and the coil is surrounded by the periphery of the magnet. After the coil is energized, the coil is subjected to the ampere force to generate electromagnetic force and between the magnetic field generated by the magnet. The interaction, in turn, causes the vibrator assembly to move up and down, which in turn results in vibration of the entire linear vibration motor.
  • the existing linear vibration motor has the following drawbacks: 1.
  • the magnetic flux utilization efficiency of the magnet is low, which affects the overall tactile sensation.
  • the existing motor assembly process is complicated, especially when the coil and the mass are assembled as vibration components, the external positioning tool needs to be used to ensure coaxial assembly, the assembly steps are cumbersome, and it is difficult to control the assembly precision.
  • the existing linear vibration motor is only suitable for vibration experience under single frequency point, and does not meet the requirements of haptic feedback application for multi-frequency point vibration.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a linear vibration motor which can maximize the magnetic properties of the magnet, improve the utilization efficiency of the coil for the magnetic field lines of the magnet, improve the electromagnetic driving force of the motor, and the assembly process. Simple and accurate assembly, making the motor available Better vibration performance.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a linear vibration motor comprising:
  • stator assembly including a housing having a receiving cavity, a magnet disposed within the receiving cavity and coupled to the housing, the magnet including a hollow portion;
  • a vibrator assembly including a coil disposed on a magnetically permeable plate and a mass surrounding the periphery of the coil; the hollow portion extending in a vibration direction of the vibrator assembly, the coil accompanying the vibrator when the vibrator assembly vibrates The assembly vibrates and is inserted into the hollow portion of the magnet;
  • An elastic support member configured to suspend the vibrator assembly in a receiving cavity of the housing
  • the magnetic conductive plate further includes a through hole corresponding to the inner cavity and the lower surface of the magnetic conductive plate corresponding to the inner cavity of the coil.
  • the vibrator assembly further includes a central magnetic core located in the inner cavity of the coil, the central magnetic core includes a body portion, a bottom portion of the body portion is located in the through hole, and the body The lower surface of the portion does not exceed the lower surface of the magnetic conductive plate, and the outer surface of the bottom side wall of the body portion is fixedly coupled with the corresponding inner wall surface of the through hole.
  • the central magnetic core further comprises:
  • the central magnetic core further comprises:
  • An upper end portion extending outward from the top upper surface of the body portion in the direction of the body portion axis.
  • the magnetic conductive plate further includes a sidewall portion extending from the edge of the through hole along the inner wall surface of the coil in the inner cavity of the coil, and the body portion of the central core is located at the The through cavity formed by the side wall portion.
  • the height of the side wall portion is equal to the height of the coil.
  • the height of the side wall portion is smaller than the height of the coil.
  • the outer side wall surface of the body portion includes a relief portion that avoids the side wall portion.
  • the relief portion further includes an inclined portion corresponding to the top of the side wall portion.
  • the coil and the mass are fixedly fixed on an upper surface of the magnetic conductive plate, and a gap for inserting a magnet is formed between the coil and the mass; the elastic support is fixedly fixed in the same Between the lower surface of the magnetically permeable plate and the inner side surface of the bottom wall of the housing, and configured to suspend the vibrator assembly within the receiving cavity of the housing.
  • the linear vibration motor provided by the invention can maximize the magnetic property of the magnet by improving the structure of the magnet and the arrangement of the coil, and improve the utilization efficiency of the magnetic line of the magnet for the magnet, and improve the electromagnetic driving force and driving force of the motor.
  • the increase of the effective frequency of the motor increases the application of the dual-frequency or multi-frequency resonant frequency, satisfies the requirements of the vibration provided by the motor under the multi-frequency point, and improves the tactile experience of the motor.
  • the linear vibration motor structure provided by the invention reduces the difficulty of the motor manufacturing process and improves the overall assembly efficiency.
  • the coil and the mass block fixed on the magnetic conductive plate in the motor are used as the vibrator assembly of the motor. Since the magnetic conductive plate can be integrally formed by machining, the precision thereof is easy to control, and the structural design through the through hole of the magnetic conductive plate is utilized. On the one hand, the positioning of the coil relative to the position of the magnetic conductive plate is facilitated, and on the other hand, the central magnetic core can be directly fixed in the through hole of the magnetic conductive plate, and between the assembled central magnetic core and the coil and the magnetic conductive plate. The high coaxial accuracy simplifies the assembly process of the vibrator assembly and eliminates the need for external positioning tools.
  • the magnetic conductive plate of the present invention may further be provided with a side wall portion located in the coil.
  • the side wall portion and the central magnetic core may also pass through the central magnetic core.
  • the escaping portion limits the axial mounting position of the center core, and facilitates the positioning and mounting of the center core, and further improves the utilization efficiency of the coil for the magnetic field lines of the magnet.
  • the linear vibration motor provided by the invention has a motor vibration balance position, and the vibrator assembly and the stator assembly are mutually attractive, which reduces the micro vibration of the motor without current or weak current, so that the motor can quickly return to a stationary state.
  • the linear vibration motor structure provided by the invention has large electromagnetic driving force and shortens the motor vibration rising time; the static balance magnetic force of the motor balance position is large, and the motor vibration falling time is shortened; the overall motor response speed is improved.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a linear vibration motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a view showing the arrangement of a vibrator assembly and a magnet in a linear vibration motor according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • weights both of which refer to one of the components that cooperate with the magnet or coil to vibrate within the motor housing as a vibrator assembly.
  • present invention is mainly used for the improvement of the linear vibration motor used in the description, and may also be referred to as a Y-direction vibration motor.
  • a linear vibration motor will be specifically described as an example.
  • the invention provides a linear vibration motor with a novel structure.
  • the vibration motor improves the structure of the magnet and the arrangement of the coil, and effectively solves the problem that the magnetic line utilization efficiency of the current magnet is low, and the existing linear vibration motor is only applicable. Vibration experience at single frequency point, not satisfied for multi-frequency Point vibrations are required for tactile feedback applications.
  • the linear vibration motor structure provided by the invention is also specially improved for the structure of the vibrator assembly in the motor, which reduces the difficulty of the motor manufacturing process and improves the overall assembly efficiency.
  • a linear vibration motor includes: a stator assembly, a vibrator assembly, and an elastic support member 5; wherein the stator assembly includes a housing 1 having a receiving cavity, a magnet 2 accommodating and fixed in combination with the housing 1 , the magnet 2 including a hollow portion 21 extending in a vibration direction of the vibrator assembly; in the illustrated embodiment, the housing of the present invention 1 includes a first housing 11 having an opening at the bottom, and a second housing 12 fixedly coupled to the opening; the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 constitute a housing 1 having a receiving cavity.
  • the magnet 2 in the present invention may be a segmented or continuous annular structure, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the vibrator assembly of the present invention comprises a coil 3 disposed on a magnetically permeable plate 6 and a mass 4 surrounding the periphery of the coil 3.
  • the coil 3 vibrates with the vibrator assembly and is inserted into the magnet
  • the hollow portion 21 of the second portion; specifically, the coil 3 and the mass 4 are fixedly coupled to the upper surface of the magnetic conductive plate 6, and a gap 7 for inserting the magnet 2 is formed between the coil 3 and the mass 4.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 6 further includes a through hole 61 penetrating the upper surface and the lower surface of the magnetic conductive plate 6 corresponding to the inner cavity 31 of the coil 3.
  • the vibrator assembly is mainly composed of the coil 3 and the mass 4 fixed on the magnetic conductive plate 6. Since the through hole 61 of the magnetic conductive plate 6 can be integrally formed by the magnetic conductive plate 6, the position and precision of the through hole 61 are easy.
  • the control utilizes the structural design of the through hole 61 of the magnetic conductive plate 6 to facilitate the positioning of the coil 3 relative to the position of the magnetic conductive plate 6 on the one hand, and to further facilitate the addition of a center in the inner cavity of the coil on the other hand.
  • the magnetic core enables the central core to be directly fixed in the through hole of the magnetic conductive plate, and the coaxial precision between the assembled central magnetic core and the coil and the magnetic conductive plate is high, which simplifies the assembly process of the vibrator assembly. External positioning tooling is eliminated.
  • both the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 can be made of a material having magnetic permeability, so that the magnetic lines of force of the magnet can be closed, and the magnetic action of the magnet 2 can be maximized to enhance the motor. Electromagnetic driving force.
  • the casing 1 has a circular structure, and it is obvious that the casing may also have a non-circular cross-section structure, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape and a rounded rectangular shape. Wait.
  • the magnet 2 having an annular structure fixed in combination with the inner surface of the top wall of the first casing 11 is used as a stator assembly, and the coil 3 is inserted as a part of the vibrator assembly into the hollow portion 21 of the magnet 2 with the vibrator assembly.
  • the magnet 2 as a stator and the arrangement of the coil 3 as a vibrator, and the existing vibration Compared with the columnar solid core structure magnet used in the moving motor, since the magnetic lines of force of the existing columnar solid core magnet are radiated and dispersed outward from the central axis, the magnetic lines of force of the ring-shaped structural magnet of the present invention are gathered toward the central axis.
  • the magnetic field strength of the coil disposed on the central axis of the magnet of the annular structure is higher than the coil disposed around the periphery of the cylindrical solid magnet; and in the present invention, the coil is disposed in the inner space of the magnet having the annular structure, and the diameter thereof It can be made relatively small, so the effective number of turns of the coil is significantly higher than the effective number of turns of the large-diameter coil disposed on the periphery of the cylindrical solid-core magnet, and the linear vibration motor provided by the present invention can maximize the magnetism of the magnet and improve
  • the utilization efficiency of the coil for the magnet magnetic line improves the electromagnetic driving force of the motor, and the increase of the driving force increases the effective bandwidth of the motor, facilitates the application of the dual-frequency or multi-frequency resonant frequency, and satisfies the multi-frequency point to the motor Providing a sense of vibration, improving the tactile experience of the motor and improving the overall performance of the linear vibration motor as a whole.
  • the linear vibration motor of the present embodiment further includes a circuit 3 for electrically connecting the coil 3 to an external device;
  • the printed circuit board 8 includes: a lower surface of the magnetic conductive plate 6 And a fixing portion 81 electrically connected to the coil 3; a connecting portion 82 located outside the casing 1 and fixedly coupled to the upper surface of the second casing 12 for electrically connecting with an external device;
  • the fixing portion 81 and the connecting portion 82 are connected to a flexible connecting portion 83 of a unitary structure.
  • the flexible connecting portion 83 is located below the elastic arm of the elastic support member 5. When the vibrator assembly is vibrated, when the elastic arm is pressed or deformed, the flexible connecting portion 83 moves up and down, thereby avoiding the flexible connecting portion 83 and the elastic portion.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 6 is disposed under the magnet 2, so that the stator assembly including the magnet 2 has a large attraction force to the vibrator assembly, and the attractive force can provide a certain component to the vibrator assembly after the motor is powered off.
  • the vibration resistance in simple terms, is equivalent to providing a brake to the vibrator assembly, which enables the vibrator assembly in the motor to quickly stop vibrating, ie "shortening the motor vibration drop time".
  • the center core can be included in the coil, the utilization of the magnetic field lines of the magnet is increased, so that the electromagnetic driving force of the motor is increased, thereby accelerating the starting process of the motor, that is, "shortening the motor vibration rise time".
  • the linear vibration motor provided by the present invention has an advantage over the prior art in that when the motor is in the vibration balance position, the vibrator assembly and the stator assembly are mutually attractive, and the micro vibration of the motor without current or weak current can be reduced. , so that the motor can quickly return to a standstill.
  • the linear vibration motor structure provided by the invention has a large electromagnetic driving force, and can shorten the motor vibration rising time; Further, since the static force of the motor is large at the equilibrium position, the motor vibration fall time can be further shortened, so that the present invention can improve the motor response speed as a whole.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement structure of the vibrator assembly and the magnet in the linear vibration motor according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the vibrator assembly further includes a central core 9 fixed coaxially into the inner cavity 31 of the coil 3, the central core 9 including a body portion 91, the bottom of which is located at the bottom In the hole, and the lower surface of the body portion 91 does not exceed the lower surface of the magnetic conductive plate 6, the outer surface of the bottom side wall of the body portion 91 is fixedly coupled with the corresponding inner wall surface of the through hole.
  • the central core 9 can provide a guiding path and a direction for the magnetic lines of the magnet 2, and the central core 9 can be made of a magnetic material with strong magnetic permeability, and the magnetic permeability is high, which is convenient for guiding the magnetic lines, to the coil. Concentrated, and in the energized coil, a large magnetic induction intensity can be generated, which is advantageous for reducing the volume of the coil.
  • the other advantages of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not described herein.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • a flat portion 92 extending outward from the outer surface of the side wall and above the coil 3, the flat portion 92 and the body portion 91 being of a unitary structure.
  • the straight portion 92 can be used to provide a guiding path and direction for the magnetic lines of force, so that the magnetic lines of force are concentrated at the coil 3 to increase the strength of the magnetic field at the position where the coil 3 is located.
  • the circumferential outer edge of the straight portion 92 may be located inside, outside or flush with the circumferential outer edge of the coil 3.
  • the circumferential outer edge of the straight portion 92 is located outside the circumferential outer edge of the coil 3, making it as possible as possible Provide guidance for magnetic lines of force.
  • the outer wall surface of the body portion 91 and the inner wall surface of the coil 3 between the lower surface of the flat portion 92 and the top upper surface of the coil 3 between the center core 9 and the coil 3 is ensured. Under the condition of relative insulation, a gap may be left or the two may be fixedly attached.
  • the outer wall surface of the body portion 91 and the inner wall surface of the coil 3 are straight. A gap is left between the lower surface of the portion 92 and the top upper surface of the coil 3.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • An upper end portion 93 of the top upper surface extending outward in the axial direction of the body portion 91, The body portion 91 and the upper end portion 93 are of unitary structure.
  • the upper end portion 93 of the central magnetic core 9 can be used to provide a guiding path and a direction for the magnetic lines of force, so that the magnetic lines of force can be gathered at the coil to improve the coil. The strength of the magnetic field at the location.
  • the diameter of the upper end portion 93 may be selected according to actual needs within a range greater than, less than, or equal to the diameter of the body portion 91.
  • the other advantages of the fourth embodiment are the same as those of the prior art provided by any of the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
  • the magnetic permeability plate 6 further includes a side wall portion 62 extending in the inner cavity of the coil 3 from the inner side wall surface of the coil 3 by the edge of the through hole, and the body portion of the central magnetic core 9 91 is located in the through cavity formed by the side wall portion 62, and preferably, the height of the side wall portion 62 is equal to the height of the coil 3.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • a flat portion 92 extending outward from the outer surface of the side wall and above the coil 3, the flat portion 92 and the body portion 91 being of a unitary structure.
  • the other advantages of the sixth embodiment are the same as those of the motor structure provided by the fifth embodiment described above, and are not described herein again.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • the upper top surface of the top upper surface extends outward in the axial direction of the body portion 91, and the body portion 91, the flat portion 92, and the upper end portion 93 are of unitary structure.
  • the other advantages of the seventh embodiment are the same as those of the motor structure provided by the sixth embodiment described above, and are not described herein again.
  • the arrangement structure of the vibrator assembly and the magnet of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is further improved.
  • the height of the side wall portion 62 is smaller than that of the coil 3 .
  • the outer side wall surface of the body portion 91 includes a relief portion 911 that avoids the side wall portion 62, the relief portion 911 further includes an inclined portion 912 corresponding to the top of the side wall portion 62; wherein the tilt
  • the portion 912 may be provided with a bevel that fits the top of the side wall portion 62; further preferably, the top portion of the side wall portion 62 includes an inwardly inclined bevel portion that is adapted to the inclined portion 912.
  • the axial mounting position of the central core may be limited between the side wall portion and the central core by the relief portion on the central core, which not only increases the bonding strength between the central core and the magnetic conductive plate, It also facilitates the positioning of the central core relative to the coil and the magnetically permeable plate in the axial direction.
  • the configuration of the vibrator assembly and the magnet of the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 9 is a ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • a flat portion 92 extending outward from the outer surface of the side wall and above the coil 3, the flat portion 92 and the body portion 91 being of a unitary structure.
  • the other advantages of the ninth embodiment are the same as those of the motor structure provided by the eighth embodiment described above, and are not described herein again.
  • the center core 9 further includes the body portion 91.
  • the upper top surface of the top upper surface extends outward in the axial direction of the body portion 91, and the body portion 91, the flat portion 92, and the upper end portion 93 are of unitary structure.
  • the other advantages of the tenth embodiment are the same as those of the motor structure provided by the ninth embodiment, and are not described herein.
  • the linear vibration motor structure provided by the present invention can maximize the magnetic properties of the magnet, improve the utilization efficiency of the coil for the magnetic field lines of the magnet, and improve the electromagnetic driving force of the motor.
  • the invention further improves the structure of the vibrator assembly in the motor, and utilizes the structural design of the through-hole of the magnetic conductive plate to facilitate the positioning and installation of the coil relative to the position of the magnetic conductive plate, and also facilitates the central magnetic core.
  • the direct fixing is located in the through hole of the magnetic conductive plate, and the coaxial precision between the assembled central magnetic core and the coil and the magnetic conductive plate is high, which simplifies the assembly process of the vibrator assembly and eliminates the external positioning tooling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

一种线性振动马达，包括：定子组件，定子组件包括具有容纳腔的壳体（1），位于容纳腔内且与壳体（1）结合固定的磁体（2），磁体（2）包括中空部；振子组件，振子组件包括设置在导磁板（6）上的线圈（3）和围绕在线圈（3）外围的质量块（4）；中空部沿振子组件振动方向延伸，振子组件振动时，线圈（3）随振子组件振动并插入磁体（2）的中空部；弹性支撑件（5），配置为将振子组件悬置在壳体（1）的容纳腔内；导磁板（6）还包括与线圈（3）内腔对应的贯穿导磁板（6）上表面及下表面的通孔（61）。上述线性振动马达结构可最大化利用磁体的磁性，提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率，提升马达的电磁驱动力，且装配过程简便，装配精度高，使得马达可获得更好的振动性能。

Description

线性振动马达 技术领域
本发明属于电子产品技术领域。更具体地，涉及一种线性振动马达。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，便携式电子设备，例如手机、平板电脑、智能穿戴设备、多媒体娱乐设备等已经成为人们的生活必须品。在这些电子设备中，通常使用微型的线性振动马达来做系统的反馈，例如点击触摸屏的振动反馈等。
线性振动马达是一种利用电磁力原理将电能转化为机械振动的部件，常规的线性振动马达通常安装在移动通信终端、便携式终端等内，其通常安装在设备的边缘部分，并且在与接收振动的对象相垂直的方向上产生振动。
现有线性振动马达通常包括具有容纳腔的壳体，容纳腔内设置有定子组件、振子组件以及配置为将振子组件悬置在容纳腔内的弹性支撑件。定子组件可为与壳体固定连接的磁体或者线圈，与之对应的振动组件可为通过弹性支撑件支撑进行上、下振动的线圈或者磁体。其中现有的作为定子组件或者振子组件的磁体均为柱状实芯结构，线圈围绕在磁体外围，在线圈通电后，线圈便会受到安培力作用产生电磁力，并与磁体所产生的磁场之间相互作用，进而使得振子组件向上和向下运动，进而会获得整个线性振动马达发生振动的效果。
然而现有的线性振动马达存在以下缺陷，1、磁体的磁力线利用效率低下，影响整体触觉感受。2、现有马达装配过程复杂，特别是当线圈及质量块在作为振动组件装配时，二者之间需通过外部定位工装以保证同轴装配，装配步骤繁琐，且难以控制装配精准度。3、现有线性振动马达只适用于单频点下振动体验，不满足对于多频点振动的触觉反馈应用要求。
因此，需要提供一种新型的线性振动马达，以解决现有技术中存在的缺陷。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种线性振动马达，该振动马达结构可最大化利用磁体的磁性，提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率，提升马达的电磁驱动力，且装配过程简便，装配精度高，使得马达可获 得更好的振动性能。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用下述技术方案：
一种线性振动马达，所述马达包括：
定子组件，所述定子组件包括具有容纳腔的壳体，位于所述容纳腔内且与所述壳体结合固定的磁体，所述磁体包括中空部；
振子组件，所述振子组件包括设置在导磁板上的线圈和围绕在所述线圈外围的质量块；所述中空部沿振子组件振动方向延伸，所述振子组件振动时，所述线圈随振子组件振动并插入所述磁体的中空部；
弹性支撑件，配置为将所述振子组件悬置在所述壳体的容纳腔内；
所述导磁板还包括与所述线圈内腔对应的贯穿所述导磁板上表面及下表面的通孔。
此外，优选地方案是，所述振子组件还包括位于所述线圈内腔中的中心磁芯，所述中心磁芯包括本体部，该本体部的底部位于所述通孔内，且所述本体部的下表面不超过所述导磁板的下表面，所述本体部的底部侧壁外表面与对应的通孔内侧壁表面结合固定。
此外，优选地方案是，所述中心磁芯还包括：
由所述本体部侧壁外表面向外延伸出的且位于所述线圈上方的平直部。
此外，优选地方案是，所述中心磁芯还包括：
由所述本体部的顶部上表面沿本体部轴线方向向外延伸出的上端部。
此外，优选地方案是，所述导磁板还包括位于所述线圈内腔中的由所述通孔边缘沿线圈内侧壁表面延伸出的侧壁部，所述中心磁芯的本体部位于所述侧壁部所形成的通腔中。
此外，优选地方案是，所述侧壁部的高度等于所述线圈的高度。
此外，优选地方案是，所述侧壁部的高度小于所述线圈的高度。
此外，优选地方案是，所述本体部的外侧壁表面包括有避让所述侧壁部的避让部。
此外，优选地方案是，所述避让部进一步包括与所述侧壁部顶部对应的倾斜部。
此外，优选地方案是，所述线圈及质量块结合固定在所述导磁板的上表面，所述线圈与质量块之间形成有供磁体插入的间隙；所述弹性支撑件结合固定在所述导磁板的下表面与壳体底壁的内侧表面之间，且配置为将所述振子组件悬置在所述壳体的容纳腔内。
本发明的有益效果如下：
1、本发明所提供的线性振动马达，通过改进磁体结构及其与线圈的配置方式，可最大化利用磁体的磁性，提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率，提升了马达的电磁驱动力，驱动力的增大使得马达有效频宽增大，便于双频或多频谐振频率的应用，满足多频点下对马达所提供振感的要求，提高了马达的触觉体验。
2、本发明所提供的线性振动马达结构，降低了马达制程工艺难度，提高了整体装配效率。特别是马达中固定在导磁板上的线圈及质量块作为马达的振子组件，由于导磁板可通过加工一体成型，其精度易于控制，进而利用贯穿所述导磁板通孔的结构设计，一方面便于线圈相对于导磁板位置的定位安装，另一方面中心磁芯可直接固定就位在导磁板的通孔中，且装配后的中心磁芯与线圈及导磁板之间的同轴精度高，简化了振子组件的装配过程，省去了外部定位工装。
3、本发明中导磁板还可进一步设置位于所述线圈内的侧壁部，当侧壁部的高度小于线圈高度时，侧壁部与中心磁芯之间还可通过中心磁芯上的避让部来针对中心磁芯的轴向安装位置进行限位，在便于中心磁芯定位安装的同时，还利于进一步地提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率。
4、本发明所提供的线性振动马达，马达振动平衡位置，振子组件与定子组件相互吸引力较大，降低了马达无电流或弱电流状态下的微小振动，使马达可快速恢复到静止状态。
5、本发明所提供的线性振动马达结构，电磁驱动力大，缩短马达振动上升时间；马达平衡位置静磁力大，缩短马达振动下降时间；整体提高了马达响应速度。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出本发明第一实施方式所提供线性振动马达的结构剖视图。
图2示出本发明第一实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图3示出本发明第二实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图4示出本发明第三实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图5示出本发明第四实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图6示出本发明第五实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图7示出本发明第六实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图8示出本发明第七实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图9示出本发明第八实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图10示出本发明第九实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
图11示出本发明第十实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。
具体实施方式
在下述的描述中，出于说明的目的，为了提供对一个或者多个实施方式的全面理解，阐述了许多具体细节。然而，很明显，也可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实现这些实施方式。在其它例子中，为了便于描述一个或者多个实施方式，公知的结构和设备以方框图的形式示出。
在下述具体实施方式的描述中所用到的“质量块”也可以称作“配重块”，均指与磁体或者线圈配合在马达壳体内作为振子组件发生振动的组件之一。另外，本发明主要用于描述中用到的线性振动马达的改进，也可以称作Y向振动马达。但是为了表述的方便，在以下的实施方式描述中，具体以线性振动马达为例进行说明。
为了更清楚地说明本发明，下面结合优选实施方式和附图对本发明做进一步的说明。但需要说明的是，为了便于理解，本发明中涉及的如“上表面”，“下表面”，“底部”，“顶部”等描述，仅是参照附图所提供样式的说明，其并非用于限制，本领域一般技术人员可以理解的是，当本发明中马达摆放位置发生变化时，文中所涉及的相应的描述及用词应当以其在马达中所起的实际作用为准。
本发明提供了一种新型结构的线性振动马达，首先该振动马达对磁体结构及其与线圈的配置方式进行了改进，有效解决了目前磁体的磁力线利用效率低下，且现有线性振动马达只适用于单频点下振动体验，不满足对于多频 点振动的触觉反馈应用要求的问题。其次，本发明所提供的线性振动马达结构，还特别针对马达中振子组件的结构进行了改进，降低了马达制程工艺难度，提高了整体装配效率。
具体的，参见图1、2所示，一种线性振动马达，所述马达包括：定子组件、振子组件以及弹性支撑件5；其中所述定子组件包括具有容纳腔的壳体1，位于所述容纳腔内且与所述壳体1结合固定的磁体2，所述磁体2包括中空部21，所述中空部21沿振子组件振动方向延伸；在图示实施方式中，本发明所述壳体1包括底部具有开口的第一壳体11，以及结合固定在所述开口处的第二壳体12；第一壳体11与第二壳体12构成具有容纳腔的壳体1。另外本发明中所述磁体2可为分段的或者连续的环状结构，本发明对此并不加以限制。
本发明所述振子组件包括设置在导磁板6上的线圈3和围绕在所述线圈3外围的质量块4，所述振子组件振动时，所述线圈3随振子组件振动并插入所述磁体2的中空部21；具体的，所述线圈3及质量块4结合固定在所述导磁板6的上表面上，且线圈3与质量块4之间形成有供磁体2插入的间隙7。并且本发明中所述导磁板6还包括与所述线圈3内腔31对应的贯穿所述导磁板6上表面及下表面的通孔61。本发明中，振子组件主要由固定在导磁板6上的线圈3及质量块4组成，由于导磁板6通孔61可通过导磁板6一体加工成型，通孔61的位置及精度易于控制，进而利用贯穿所述导磁板6通孔61的结构设计，一方面便于线圈3相对于导磁板6位置的定位安装，另一方面还可便于进一步优选地在线圈内腔中增设中心磁芯，使得中心磁芯可直接固定就位在导磁板的通孔中，且装配后的中心磁芯与线圈及导磁板之间的同轴精度高，简化了振子组件的装配过程，省去了外部定位工装。
与导磁板6对应的，本发明所述弹性支撑件5结合固定在所述导磁板6的下表面与第二壳体12的内侧表面之间，且配置为将所述振子组件悬置在所述壳体1的容纳腔内。需要说明的是，本发明中第一壳体11与第二壳体12均可由具有导磁性的材料制成，这样便于闭合磁体的磁力线，使磁体2的磁性作用最大化发挥，以提升马达的电磁驱动力。作为本发明一种具体的实施方式，如图1所示的壳体1结构呈圆型结构，显然所述壳体也可呈非圆形截面的结构，例如可以是长方体型、圆角长方体型等。本发明中与第一壳体11的顶壁内侧表面结合固定的呈环状结构的磁体2作为定子组件，线圈3作为振子组件的部分随振子组件振动插入所述磁体2的中空部21，该种作为定子的呈环状结构的磁体2及其与作为振子的线圈3的配置方式，与现有的振 动马达中所使用的柱状实芯结构磁体相比，由于现有柱状实芯磁体的磁力线是从中轴线向外辐射分散的，而本发明的呈环形结构磁体的磁力线是向中轴线上聚集的，因此设置在呈环形结构磁体中轴线上的线圈位置所处的磁场强度高于套设在柱状实芯磁体外围的线圈处；并且本发明中线圈设置于呈环形结构磁体的内部空间，其直径尺寸可以做的比较小，故线圈有效圈数会显著高于设置于柱状实芯磁体外围的大直径线圈的有效圈数，进而本发明所提供的线性振动马达，可最大化利用磁体的磁性，提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率，提升了马达的电磁驱动力，且驱动力的增大使得马达有效频宽增大，便于双频或多频谐振频率的应用，并满足多频点下对马达所提供振感的要求，提高了马达的触觉体验，并从整体上提高了线性振动马达综合性能。
进一步的，本实施方式中所述线性振动马达还包括使线圈3能够与外部设备电性连接印刷电路板8；所述印刷电路板8包括：结合固定在所述导磁板6的下表面，且与线圈3电性连接的固定部81；位于所述壳体1外，且与所述第二壳体12的上表面结合固定的用于与外部设备电性连接的连接部82；及将所述固定部81与所述连接部82连接成整体结构的柔性连接部83。其中所述柔性连接部83位于弹性支撑件5弹性臂的下方，当振子组件振动时，弹性臂受压或者受拉变形时，柔性连接部83随之上下运动，避免了柔性连接部83与弹性臂之间发生碰撞，影响振动马达振动性能的问题。且当弹性臂受压变形到极限位置时，可通过第二壳体上表面所设阻尼件的限位，以防止弹性臂挤压到柔性连接部，使柔性连接部损坏。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，马达中质量块和/或导磁板上应当设有连接线圈和印刷电路板的导线过孔，以实现线圈能够与外部设备电性连接，但对于过孔的具体位置及结构形态，本发明在此不作限制。
另外，本发明中导磁板6设置在所述磁体2下方，故包含磁体2的定子组件对振子组件存在一个较大的吸引力，该吸引力在马达断电以后可为振子组件提供一定的振动阻力，简单来说就是相当于给振子组件提供了一个刹车，能够使马达中的振子组件快速停止振动，即“缩短马达振动下降时间”。进一步地，因线圈内部可包含中心磁芯，增大了磁体磁力线的利用率，故增大了马达的电磁驱动力，从而加速了马达的启动过程，即“缩短马达振动上升时间”。进而本发明所提供的线性振动马达与现有马达相比优势在于，当马达处于振动平衡位置时，振子组件与定子组件相互吸引力较大，可降低马达无电流或弱电流状态下的微小振动，使马达可快速恢复到静止状态。且本发明所提供的线性振动马达结构，电磁驱动力大，可缩短马达振动上升时间； 并且由于马达处于平衡位置静磁力大，可进一步缩短马达振动下降时间，故本发明能够从整体上提高马达响应速度。
为了进一步增加呈环状结构的磁体2的磁力线向中轴线聚集的效果，以增加线圈3所处位置的磁场强度，增大马达的电磁驱动力，参照图3，针对振子组件与磁体的配置结构，图3示出本发明第二实施方式所提供线性振动马达中振子组件与磁体的配置结构示意图。优选地，所述振子组件还包括以同轴方式固定到所述线圈3内腔31中的中心磁芯9，所述中心磁芯9包括本体部91，该本体部91的底部位于所述通孔内，且所述本体部91的下表面不超过所述导磁板6的下表面，所述本体部91的底部侧壁外表面与对应的通孔内侧壁表面结合固定。本实施方式中，中心磁芯9可为磁体2磁力线提供导向路径及方向，并且所述中心磁芯9可选用导磁能力强的磁性材料，导磁率高，便于为磁力线进行导向，向线圈处集中，且在通电线圈中，可以产生较大的磁感应强度，利于减小线圈的体积。该第二实施方式所具有的其它优势与第一实施方式所提供马达相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图4，针对图3所示第二实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第三实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91侧壁外表面向外延伸出的且位于所述线圈3上方的平直部92，所述平直部92与本体部91为一体结构。平直部92可用于为磁力线提供导向路径及方向，便于磁力线在线圈3处聚集，以提高线圈3所处位置的磁场强度。进一步地，所述平直部92的周向外侧边缘可位于所述线圈3的周向外侧边缘的内侧、外侧或者齐平设置。在保证平直部92与磁体2之间不发生干涉的情况下，优选地，所述平直部92的周向外侧边缘位于所述线圈3的周向外侧边缘的外侧，使其尽可能的为磁力线提供导向作用。另外需要说明的是，所述本体部91外侧壁表面与线圈3内侧壁表面之间，平直部92的下表面与线圈3的顶部上表面之间在保证中心磁芯9与线圈3之间相对绝缘的条件下，可留有缝隙或者二者固定贴合。但为了方便中心磁芯与线圈之间的同轴精确装配，及简化中心磁芯的加工工艺以及装配难度，优选地，所述本体部91外侧壁表面与线圈3内侧壁表面之间，平直部92的下表面与线圈3的顶部上表面之间留有缝隙。该第三实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述任一实施方式所提供马达相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图5，针对图4所示第三实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第四实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91的顶部上表面沿本体部91轴线方向向外延伸出的上端部93， 所述本体部91和上端部93为一体结构。与上述实施方式中所提供的中心磁芯结构相比，本实施方式中，中心磁芯9的上端部93可用于为磁力线提供导向路径及方向，便于磁力线在线圈处聚集，以提高线圈所处位置的磁场强度。其中根据导磁效果的不同，所述上端部93直径可在大于、小于或者等于所述本体部91的直径的范围内根据实际的需要进行选择。该第四实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述任一实施方式所提供马达相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图6，针对图3所示第二实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第五实施方式，本实施方式中，为了进一步增加中心磁芯9与导磁板6之间的结合强度，所述导磁板6还包括位于所述线圈3内腔中的由所述通孔边缘沿线圈3内侧壁表面延伸出的侧壁部62，所述中心磁芯9的本体部91位于所述侧壁部62所形成的通腔中，且优选地，所述侧壁部62的高度等于所述线圈3的高度。该第五实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述第二实施方式所提供马达相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图7，针对图6所示第五实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第六实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91侧壁外表面向外延伸出的且位于所述线圈3上方的平直部92，所述平直部92与本体部91为一体结构。该第六实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述第五实施方式所提供马达结构相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图8，针对图7所示第六实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第七实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91的顶部上表面沿本体部91轴线方向向外延伸出的上端部93，所述本体部91、平直部92和上端部93为一体结构。该第七实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述第六实施方式所提供马达结构相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图9，针对图6所示第五实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第八实施方式，本实施方式中，所述侧壁部62的高度小于所述线圈3的高度，所述本体部91的外侧壁表面包括有避让所述侧壁部62的避让部911，所述避让部911进一步包括与所述侧壁部62顶部对应的倾斜部912；其中所述倾斜部912可为与所述侧壁部62顶部适配的斜面设置；进一步优选地，所述侧壁部62顶部包括有与倾斜部912适配的向内倾斜的斜面部。本发明所提供的该实施方式中，当侧壁部的高度小于线圈高度时， 侧壁部与中心磁芯之间可通过中心磁芯上的避让部来针对中心磁芯的轴向安装位置进行限位，该结构不但增加了中心磁芯与导磁板之间的结合强度，还便于中心磁芯相对于线圈及导磁板在轴向方向上的定位安装。
参照图10，针对图9所示第八实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第九实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91侧壁外表面向外延伸出的且位于所述线圈3上方的平直部92，所述平直部92与本体部91为一体结构。该第九实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述第八实施方式所提供马达结构相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
参照图11，针对图10所示第九实施方式的振子组件与磁体的配置结构，作为进一步改进的第十实施方式，本实施方式中，所述中心磁芯9还包括由所述本体部91的顶部上表面沿本体部91轴线方向向外延伸出的上端部93，所述本体部91、平直部92和上端部93为一体结构。该第十实施方式所具有的其它优势与上述第九实施方式所提供马达结构相对现有技术的优势相同，在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本发明所提供的线性振动马达结构，可最大化利用磁体的磁性，提升线圈对于磁体磁力线的利用效率，提升马达的电磁驱动力。此外本发明还特别针对马达中振子组件的结构进行了改进，利用贯穿所述导磁板通孔的结构设计，在便于线圈相对于导磁板位置的定位安装的同时，还便于中心磁芯可直接固定就位在导磁板的通孔中，且装配后的中心磁芯与线圈及导磁板之间的同轴精度高，简化了振子组件的装配过程，省去了外部定位工装。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定，对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动，这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举，凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述马达包括：
    定子组件，所述定子组件包括具有容纳腔的壳体，位于所述容纳腔内且与所述壳体结合固定的磁体，所述磁体包括中空部；
    振子组件，所述振子组件包括设置在导磁板上的线圈和围绕在所述线圈外围的质量块；所述中空部沿振子组件振动方向延伸，所述振子组件振动时，所述线圈随振子组件振动并插入所述磁体的中空部；
    弹性支撑件，配置为将所述振子组件悬置在所述壳体的容纳腔内；
    所述导磁板还包括与所述线圈内腔对应的贯穿所述导磁板上表面及下表面的通孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，
    所述振子组件还包括位于所述线圈内腔中的中心磁芯，所述中心磁芯包括本体部，该本体部的底部位于所述通孔内，且所述本体部的下表面不超过所述导磁板的下表面，所述本体部的底部侧壁外表面与对应的通孔内侧壁表面结合固定。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，
    所述中心磁芯还包括：
    由所述本体部侧壁外表面向外延伸出的且位于所述线圈上方的平直部。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，
    所述中心磁芯还包括：
    由所述本体部的顶部上表面沿本体部轴线方向向外延伸出的上端部。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一项权利要求所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，
    所述导磁板还包括位于所述线圈内腔中的由所述通孔边缘沿线圈内侧壁表面延伸出的侧壁部，所述中心磁芯的本体部位于所述侧壁部所形成的通腔中。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述侧壁部的高度等于所述线圈的高度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述侧壁部的高度小于所述线圈的高度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述本体部的外侧壁表面包括有避让所述侧壁部的避让部。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，所述避让部进一步包括与所述侧壁部顶部对应的倾斜部。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的线性振动马达，其特征在于，
    所述线圈及质量块结合固定在所述导磁板的上表面，所述线圈与质量块之间形成有供磁体插入的间隙；所述弹性支撑件结合固定在所述导磁板的下表面与壳体底壁的内侧表面之间，且配置为将所述振子组件悬置在所述壳体的容纳腔内。
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