WO2019013003A1 - 組成物及びそれを使用した液晶表示素子 - Google Patents
組成物及びそれを使用した液晶表示素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019013003A1 WO2019013003A1 PCT/JP2018/024562 JP2018024562W WO2019013003A1 WO 2019013003 A1 WO2019013003 A1 WO 2019013003A1 JP 2018024562 W JP2018024562 W JP 2018024562W WO 2019013003 A1 WO2019013003 A1 WO 2019013003A1
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- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition suitable for an active matrix device and an active matrix device containing the composition.
- the present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition having positive dielectric anisotropy and an element such as an IPS mode, an FFS mode, an ECB mode, a TN mode, an OCB mode, or a PSA mode containing the same.
- Liquid crystal display devices are used in watches, calculators, various measurement devices, panels for automobiles, word processors, electronic notebooks, printers, computers, televisions, watches, advertisement display boards, and the like.
- Typical classifications based on display methods are TN (twisted nematic) type, STN (super twisted nematic) type, VA (vertical alignment) type using TFT, PSA (polymer sustained alignment) type, IPS as horizontal alignment mode
- TN twisted nematic
- STN super twisted nematic
- VA vertical alignment
- PSA polymer sustained alignment
- IPS as horizontal alignment mode
- the liquid crystal composition used in these liquid crystal display elements is stable against external stimuli such as moisture, air, heat, light and the like, and exhibits a liquid crystal phase in as wide a temperature range as possible around room temperature, and has a low viscosity It is required to be able to drive at a low voltage.
- a liquid crystal composition with a negative ⁇ is mainly used in VA type and PSA type displays, and a liquid crystal composition with a positive dielectric anisotropy ( ⁇ ) mainly in TN type, STN type, IPS type and FFS type Is used.
- These liquid crystal compositions are composed of several to several tens of compounds in order to set ⁇ and refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ n) to optimum values for individual display elements.
- the liquid crystal composition In order to achieve high-speed response as a device, low operating voltage, wide operating temperature range, and high reliability, the liquid crystal composition has a small viscosity ( ⁇ ) while maintaining the absolute value of ⁇ , ⁇ n, etc. at optimum values.
- nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature Tni
- IPS type or FFS type of the horizontal alignment type display has a problem that the contrast is inferior to that of the VA type or PSA type display in principle, there is a continuous demand for contrast improvement. That is, in the FFS type or IPS type display, a liquid crystal composition capable of realizing high contrast when used as a display element is required in addition to the various characteristics as a liquid crystal composition conventionally required.
- the black luminance (black level at the time of off display) in the FFS type or IPS type display mainly depends on the element configuration. On the other hand, it is known that it is also influenced by the physical property value of the liquid crystal composition, and in general, a liquid crystal composition having a small ⁇ n and a high elastic constant is effective for the improvement of black display Things are known. However, if a liquid crystal composition having an excessively small ⁇ n is used, a thick cell gap is required to keep the product with the cell gap (d) constant, which causes the response speed to deteriorate, which is not preferable. On the other hand, in the case of using a liquid crystal composition having a high elastic constant, the response speed of return is increased, and the formation of a thick gap is also unnecessary, which is more preferable as a method of reducing the black luminance.
- the transmittance of FFS and IPS displays can be improved by changing the ratio of the values ( ⁇ // and ⁇ /) of the two components that make up the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition. .
- the liquid crystal molecules immediately above are tilted up by the electric field in the substantially vertical direction generated on the pixel electrode, so that the transmittance decreases.
- a method of using a liquid crystal composition that is dielectrically negative a method of using a liquid crystal composition that is dielectrically positive but has a relatively large ⁇ value, and the like have been proposed.
- the former causes the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition to be high, which is disadvantageous in terms of response speed.
- various liquid crystal compositions have been developed in recent years, but the physical and chemical properties of the liquid crystal composition are in a trade-off relationship, and it is difficult to improve all. That is, the absolute value of ⁇ , ⁇ n, etc. can be adjusted to an optimum value, ⁇ is small, has high Tni, and has excellent storage stability that does not cause precipitation or phase change at low temperatures, heat or light
- a liquid crystal composition which is stable to stimuli such as water has a high elastic constant, and exhibits high transmittance when it is made an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display element, there is a strong demand for it Exist continuously.
- liquid crystal composition intended for a lateral electric field liquid crystal display such as IPS type or FFS type
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is a composition having a positive ⁇ , a liquid crystal phase in a wide temperature range, a small viscosity, no precipitation or phase change at low temperatures, and good storage stability, It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal composition which is high in specific resistance and voltage holding ratio, stable to heat and light, and further has a high elastic constant and a relatively high ⁇ . Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide an FFS-type or IPS-type liquid crystal display device excellent in high-speed response and reliability, having a wide operating temperature range, and excellent in contrast.
- the present inventors examined various liquid crystal compounds and various chemical substances, and found that the above problems were solved by combining specific liquid crystal compounds, and came to complete the present invention.
- the present invention contains, as the first component, at least one compound having positive dielectric anisotropy selected from the group represented by general formula (A1) and general formula (A2), and the second component And at least one compound having negative dielectric anisotropy selected from the group represented by the general formula (B) as: and a dielectric selected from the group represented by the general formula (C) as the third component
- Z A1 represents -OCH 2- , -CH 2 O- or a single bond, but at least one Z A1 present in the general formula (A1) is not a single bond
- Z A2 , Z B1 and Z B2 are each independently -CH 2 CH 2- , -OCH 2- , -CH 2 O-, -OCF 2- , -CF 2 O-, -COO-, -OCO- , -C ⁇ C- or a single bond
- Y A11 , Y A12 , Y A21 and Y A22 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom
- X A1 and X A2 each independently represent a
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a wide liquid crystal temperature range, low viscosity, does not cause precipitation or phase change at low temperature, has excellent storage stability, and receives extremely small change in specific resistance or voltage holding ratio due to heat or light. Therefore, the practicality of the product is high. Moreover, the liquid crystal display element using the said composition has a wide operating temperature range, is excellent in high-speed response, reliability, and storage stability is favorable. Furthermore, since the liquid crystal composition has a high elastic constant and a relatively high ⁇ , the transmittance is high and the black luminance is improved particularly when used for an FFS or IPS type display element. That is, high contrast can be realized, which is very useful.
- the present invention provides, as a first component, a compound having positive dielectric anisotropy (the value of ⁇ is larger than 1.5) selected from the group represented by general formula (A1) and general formula (A2) At least one compound containing at least one compound and having negative dielectric anisotropy (value of ⁇ is smaller than ⁇ 1.5) selected from the group represented by General Formula (B) as the second component
- a compound having a dielectric neutrality ( ⁇ value of ⁇ 1.5 to 1.5) selected from the group represented by the general formula (C) as a third component, and the positive mixture as a whole is a positive dielectric It is a liquid crystal composition characterized by having rate anisotropy, and is a liquid crystal display element using the same.
- composition of the present invention contains, as the first component, a dielectrically positive compound selected from the group represented by general formula (A1) and general formula (A2), but one may be used It is also possible to use two or more in combination. When using 2 or more types, you may select only from general formula (A1), you may select from only general formula (A2), select at least 1 or more types of compounds from each, and combine them It is good.
- the preferable content of the compound of the first component is, as the lower limit, 3% by mass, 6% by mass, 9% by mass, 12% by mass, 15% by mass, and 60% as the upper limit. It is mass%, 55 mass%, 50 mass%, 45 mass%, and 40 mass%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (A1) increases the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition, properly adjusts the refractive index anisotropy, enhances the compatibility (low temperature stability), and further improves the composition. It can be used for the purpose of increasing the value of ⁇ , and preferred compounds are given by the compounds represented by the following general formulas (A1-1) to (A1-4).
- R A1 , G A1 and X A1 have the same meaning as R A1 , G A1 and X A1 in General Formula (A1) of Claim 1, and W A1 represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group or a fluorine atom Or a chlorine atom
- the compounds represented by the general formula (A1-1) and the general formula (A1-3) are preferable in terms of improving the compatibility of the liquid crystal composition, and are represented by the general formula (A1-2) and the general formula (A1-4)
- the compound represented is preferable in that the nematic upper limit temperature range of the liquid crystal composition can be expanded, and the compounds represented by the general formula (A1-3) and the general formula (A1-4) further have the value of ⁇ of the composition. It is preferable in that it can be enhanced.
- G A1 is a heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom.
- the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (A1-1) is 3% by mass as a lower limit, 6% by mass, 9% by mass, and 30% by mass as an upper limit. It is mass% and is 20 mass%.
- the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (A1-2) is 2% by mass as a lower limit, 4% by mass, 6% by mass, and 24% by mass as an upper limit. It is mass%, 20 mass%, and 18 mass%.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (A1-3) is 3% by mass, 5% by mass, 7% by mass and 9% by mass as the lower limit, and 25 as the upper limit. It is mass%, 20 mass%, and 15 mass%.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (A1-4) is 2% by mass as a lower limit, 4% by mass, 6% by mass, and 20% by mass as an upper limit. It is mass%, 16 mass%, and 14 mass%.
- particularly preferred compounds are those represented by formulas (A1-1-1) to (A1-1-2) and (A1-2-1) to (A1-2-6) and (A1-3-1) to A1-3-3) and compounds represented by (A1-4-1) to (A1-4-6).
- R A1 represents the above-mentioned meaning.
- general formulas (A1-2-4), (A1-2-5), (A1-2-6), (A1-3-2), (A1-3-3), (A1-4) -3), (A1-4-4), (A1-4-5), and (A1-4-6) the compatibility of the liquid crystal composition, dielectric anisotropy, ⁇ , It is preferable in that the characteristics such as the viscosity and the nematic temperature range can be compatible at a high level.
- Preferred compounds represented by the general formula (A2) are given by compounds represented by the following general formulas (A2-1) to (A2-3).
- R A2 , G A2 and X A2 have the same meaning as R A2 , G A2 and X A2 in the general formula (A1) of claim 1, and W A21 and W A22 are independently of each other, Represents a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, and n A21 represents 0, 1 or 2)
- the compound represented by General Formula (A2-1) is preferable in that the refractive index anisotropy of the composition can be enhanced, and the compounds represented by General Formula (A2-2) and General Formula (A2-3) Is preferable in that the dielectric anisotropy of the composition can be further enhanced.
- GA 2 be a heterocycle containing an oxygen atom.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (A2-1) is 3% by mass as a lower limit, 6% by mass, 9% by mass, and 20% by mass as an upper limit. It is mass% and 14 mass%.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (A2-2) is 2% by mass as the lower limit, 4% by mass, 6% by mass, and 18% by mass as the upper limit. It is mass% and 12 mass%.
- the preferable content of the compound represented by General Formula (A2-3) is 2 mass% as a lower limit value, 5 mass%, 7 mass%, 9 mass%, and 22 as an upper limit value. It is mass%, 18 mass%, and 15 mass%.
- Particular preferred compounds are those represented by formulas (A2-1-1) to (A2-1-6), (A2-2-1) to (A2-2-2), and (A2-3-1) to It is given by the compound represented by A2-3-6).
- RA 2 represents the above-mentioned meaning.
- particularly preferred compounds which can be used for the purpose of enhancing the compatibility of the composition are compounds represented by the general formulas (A2-1-1), (A2-1-2), (A2-2-1) and (A2-2).
- (A2-3-1) and (A2-3-2), which are particularly preferable compounds which can be used to expand the nematic upper limit temperature range are compounds represented by the general formula (A2-1-3) Compounds (A2-1-4), (A2-1-5), (A2-3-4), (A2-3-5) and (A2-3-6), and the composition Particularly preferable compounds in that the dielectric anisotropy of the product can be increased and the value of ⁇ can be further increased, and compounds represented by general formulas (A2-3-2), (A2-3-3), (A2-3-) It is a compound represented by 5) and (A2-3-6).
- the composition of the present invention contains, as the second component, a dielectrically negative compound selected from the group represented by formula (B), but one type may be used, or two or more types may be used. It can also be used in combination.
- the compound of the general formula (B) is mainly used for the purpose of relatively increasing the ⁇ of the composition, and the preferable content in the composition is 3% by mass as a lower limit value, and 4% by mass, 5% by mass, 8% by mass, 10% by mass, 50% by mass as an upper limit, 45% by mass, 40% by mass, 35% by mass, 30% by mass Yes, 25% by mass.
- the compound represented by the general formula (B) needs to simultaneously satisfy high reliability, wide nematic temperature range, low viscosity and high elastic constant, etc. when used in a composition, and can be suitably used for those purposes
- the compounds are given by the compounds represented by the following general formulas (B1) to (B6).
- R B1 , R B2 , G B1 , Z B1 , Z B2 , n B1 and n B2 are the same as R B1 , R B2 , G B1 , Z B1 and n B1 in the general formula (B) of claim 1
- n B2 have the same meaning
- W B31 , W B32 , W B33 and W B34 independently represent a hydrogen atom, a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- n B12 is 0, 1 or 2 It represents but, W B31 a plurality present in the molecule, W B32, W B33 and W B34 may or may not be the same.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (B1) to (B3) are preferable in terms of improving the compatibility of the composition and giving high reliability, and the compounds represented by the general formula (B2) and the formula (B3) It is more preferable in that the refractive index anisotropy of the composition can be increased.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (B4) to (B6) significantly increase the ⁇ of the composition, so that the desired value of ⁇ can be obtained with a small addition amount, and the viscosity of the composition can be reduced. It is preferable in terms of contribution. Further, in order to increase the elastic constant of the composition, it is also preferable that G B1 be a heterocycle containing an oxygen atom.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (B1) is 3% by mass as a lower limit, 4% by mass, 6% by mass, 8% by mass, and 35% by mass as an upper limit. It is 30 mass%, 28 mass%, 26 mass%, and 24 mass%.
- the preferable content of the compound represented by the general formula (B2) is 3% by mass as a lower limit, 4% by mass, 6% by mass, 8% by mass, and 30% by mass as an upper limit. It is 28 mass%, 26 mass%, and 24 mass%.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (B3) is 3% by mass, 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 9% by mass as the lower limit, and 20% by mass as the upper limit. 18 mass%, 16 mass%, and 14 mass%.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (B4) is 3% by mass as the lower limit, 5% by mass, 7% by mass and 18% by mass as the upper limit, 16% by mass It is 14% by mass and 12% by mass.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (B5) is 3% by mass as the lower limit, 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 18% by mass as the upper limit, 16% by mass It is 14% by mass and 12% by mass.
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (B6) is 3% by mass as a lower limit, 5% by mass, 7% by mass, and 16% by mass as an upper limit, 14% by mass 12 mass% and 10 mass%.
- particularly preferred compounds are those represented by formulas (B1-1) to (B1-8), (B2-1) to (B2-4) and (B3-1) to (B3-5) and (B4-1). It is given by the compounds represented by (B4-2), (B5-1) to (B5-2) and (B6-1).
- R B1 and R B2 have the above-mentioned meanings, and R B21 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the component that constitutes the second component It can be appropriately selected from the compounds represented by the general formulas (B1-1) to (B6-1) according to the physical property values required for the composition.
- the compounds represented by general formulas (B1-1) to (B1-8) can be suitably used, and in the case where importance is placed on reliability as well
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (B1-1) to (B1-6) can be suitably used, and additionally, the ⁇ of the composition is enhanced, and excellent compatibility and a wide nematic temperature range are obtained.
- compounds represented by formulas (B1-1) to (B1-4) can be suitably used.
- a method using a compound having a large negative dielectric anisotropy to avoid excessively increasing the content of the second component There is a method of using a compound having a relatively large refractive index anisotropy to increase the content of the third component having a low viscosity, and a compound that can be suitably used from the viewpoint of 1 is a compound represented by the general formula (B1-3), Compounds represented by B1-4) and (B4-1) to (B6-1) and compounds which can be suitably used from the viewpoint of 2 are represented by general formulas (B2-1) to (B3-5) Further, compounds which can be suitably used when reliability is emphasized are compounds represented by general formulas (B2-1), (B2-2) and (B3-1) to (B3-5). is there.
- composition of the present invention contains, as the third component, a dielectric neutral compound selected from the group represented by formula (C), but one type may be used, or two or more types may be used. Can also be used in combination.
- C dielectric neutral compound selected from the group represented by formula (C)
- Preferred compounds represented by the general formula (C) are given by compounds represented by the following formulas (C1) to (C3).
- G C11 to G C12 , G C21 to G C23 , and G C31 to G C34 are each independently a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-phenylene group, a 2-fluoro-1,4 phenylene group or 3 - represents a fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a hydrogen atom on G C11 ⁇ G C12, G C21 ⁇ G C23, G C31 ⁇ G C34 may be substituted by fluorine atoms.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (C1) to (C3) exclude the compounds represented by the general formula (B).
- the preferable content of the compound of the third component is 10% by mass, 14% by mass, 18% by mass and 22% by mass as a lower limit value, and is 90% by mass as an upper limit value. It is mass%, 80 mass%, 75 mass%, and 70 mass%.
- the compound represented by the general formula (C1) can be used for the purpose of reducing the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition, appropriately adjusting the refractive index anisotropy, and enhancing the compatibility (low temperature stability). Is given by the compounds represented by the following general formulas (C1-1) to (C1-3).
- R C1 and R C2 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyloxy group).
- the compound represented by the general formula (C1-1) is preferable in that the viscosity of the composition can be significantly reduced and the compatibility can be improved, and the compound represented by the general formula (C1-2) is compatible with the composition
- the compound represented by the general formula (C1-3) is preferable because it can significantly improve the viscosity of the composition and can further increase the refractive index anisotropy. These compounds can be used alone or in combination depending on the desired properties.
- one of R C1 and R C2 is preferably an alkyl group and the other is an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, and more preferably at least one is an alkenyl group, It is particularly preferred that one is an alkyl group and the other is an alkenyl group.
- R C1 and R C2 be an alkyl group
- R C1 be an alkyl group or an alkenyl group
- R C2 be an alkoxy group. Is more preferred.
- R C1 and R C2 are both alkyl groups, and one is an alkyl group and the other is an alkoxy group, or at least one is an alkenyl group More preferably, is an alkyl group.
- Preferred specific examples of the compounds represented by the general formulas (C1-1) to (C1-3) are the following general formulas (C1-1-1) to (C1-1-10) and (C1-2-1) ) To (C1-2-6) and (C1-3-1) to (C1-3-6).
- compounds represented by the general formula (C1-1) in order to give the composition a high elastic constant and a low viscosity are represented by general formulas (C1-1-4), (C1-1-7), and (C1-). It is more preferable to contain any one or more of the compounds represented by 1-9) or (C1-1-10), and it is particularly preferable to contain the compound represented by general formula (C1-1-4) Preferably, it is most preferable to simultaneously contain the compounds represented by Formula (C1-1-4) and Formula (C1-1-7).
- the preferred content of the compound represented by the general formula (C1-1) is 10%, 15%, 20% as the lower limit, and 70%, 65% as the upper limit. 60%, 55%, 50%, 45% and 40%.
- the refractive index anisotropy of the compound represented by the general formula (C1-1) is usually smaller than that of the target liquid crystal composition. Therefore, when selecting the components of the first component and / or the second component, it is preferable to use a compound having a relatively high refractive index anisotropy within a range that does not give a fatal increase in the viscosity of the composition. .
- the specific examples are as described in the exemplary compounds of the first component and the second component.
- the compound represented by the general formula (C2) can be used for the purpose of reducing the viscosity of the liquid crystal composition, properly adjusting the refractive index anisotropy, and expanding the nematic temperature range, and preferred compounds are as follows: It is given by the compounds represented by the general formulas (C2-1) to (C2-3).
- R C1 and R C2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group, and Y C1 and Y C2 each represent any of Or one represents a fluorine atom and the other represents a hydrogen atom
- the compound represented by the general formula (C2-1) is preferable in that the viscosity of the composition is reduced and the excellent low temperature stability and the wide nematic temperature range can be compatible
- the compound represented by the general formula (C2-2) Is preferable in that the nematic upper limit temperature range of the composition can be expanded and high refractive index anisotropy can be obtained, and the compounds represented by formulas (C2-3) and (2-4) have a refractive index of the composition It is preferable in that the anisotropy can be increased significantly and the nematic temperature range can be further expanded.
- R C1 is preferably an alkyl group and R C2 is preferably an alkyl group or an alkoxy group, R C1 is an alkenyl group and R C2 is an alkyl More preferred is a group.
- R C1 and R C2 be an alkyl group, and it is more preferable that one is an alkenyl group and the other is an alkyl group.
- Preferred specific examples of the compounds represented by the general formulas (C2-1) to (C2-3) are the following general formulas (C2-1-1) to (C2-1-6) and (C2-2-1) ) To (C2-2-7) and (C2-3-1) to (C2-3-16).
- the compound represented by the general formula (C3) can be used to significantly expand the nematic upper limit temperature range of the liquid crystal composition and appropriately adjust the refractive index anisotropy, and preferred compounds have the following general formula It is given by the compounds represented by (C3-1) to (C3-3).
- R C1 and R C2 independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (C3-1) and (C3-2) are preferable in that the nematic upper limit temperature range of the composition is significantly expanded, and the compounds represented by the general formula (C3-3) are a composition The upper limit of the nematic temperature range is further extended, and a higher refractive index anisotropy can be obtained.
- These compounds may be used alone or in combination depending on various properties required, but in order to maintain the compatibility of the liquid crystal composition, a combination of about 0 to 3 or so may be used. It is preferable to use, and the content thereof is preferably in the range of 0 to 15% by mass, and more preferably in the range of 0 to 10% by mass.
- both R C1 and R C2 be an alkyl group, and it is also preferable that either one or both be an alkenyl group.
- R C1 and R C2 both be alkyl groups, but it is also preferable that R C1 is an alkenyl group and R C2 is an alkyl group.
- Preferred specific examples of the compounds represented by general formulas (C3-1) to (C3-3) are the following general formulas (C3-1-1) to (C3-1-5) and (C3-2-2) 1) to (C3-2-3) and (C3-3-1) to (C3-3-4).
- composition of the present invention can optionally contain, as a fourth component, a dielectrically positive compound selected from the group represented by formula (M).
- a dielectrically positive compound selected from the group represented by formula (M).
- the compounds represented by General Formula (M) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- R M represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, or an alkenyloxy group
- hydrogen atoms on the above groups (a) and (b) may be each independently substituted with a cyano group, a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom
- Z M represents -CH 2 CH 2- , -CF 2 O-, -COO-, -C ⁇ C-, or a single bond, When two or more G M and Z M exist, they
- R M, Y M1, Y M2 and X M represent the same meaning in the general formula (M) and R M, Y M1, Y M2 and X M, Y M3 is Y in the general formula (M) represents the same meaning as M1, G M1 are as defined G M in the general formula (M).
- M1 are as defined G M in the general formula (M).
- M2 When importance is attached to reliability, it is preferable to use a compound represented by general formula (M1), and when importance is given to high refractive index anisotropy, it is preferable to use a compound represented by general formula (M2), When importance is attached to high dielectric anisotropy, it is preferable to use the compound represented by formula (M3).
- the compound represented by General Formula (M) as the fourth component may be used alone as one of the compounds represented by General Formulas (M1) to (M3) in consideration of the above-mentioned various properties. And can be used in combination.
- the lower limit of the content of the compound of the fourth component is preferably 0% by mass, 3% by mass, 6% by mass, 9% by mass, 12% by mass, and 40% by mass. It is mass%, 35 mass%, 30 mass%, 25 mass% and 20 mass%.
- Preferred compounds represented by the general formula (M1) are given by compounds represented by the following general formulas (M1-1) to (M1-5).
- R M and X M represent the same meaning as R M and X M in the general formula (M).
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (M1-1) to (M1-6) are preferable in that they do not reduce the reliability of the liquid crystal composition, but emphasis is placed on the compatibility (low temperature stability) of the liquid crystal composition.
- Preferred compounds represented by the general formula (M2) are given by compounds represented by the following general formulas (M2-1) to (M2-7).
- R M represents the same meaning as R M in General Formula (M)
- Alkylenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the compounds represented by general formulas (M2-1) to (M2-7) are preferable in that they can increase the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition, but the compatibility (low temperature stability) of the liquid crystal composition It is preferable to use the compounds represented by the general formulas (M2-1) and (M2-2) when emphasis is placed on the compound, and when emphasis is placed on a high nematic upper limit temperature range, the compounds represented by general formulas (M2-3) to (M2-) are preferred.
- Preferred compounds represented by the general formula (M3) are given by compounds represented by the following general formulas (M3-1) to (M3-5).
- R M represents the same meaning as R M in General Formula (M)
- the compounds represented by general formulas (M3-1) to (M3-5) are preferable in that they can increase the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition, but the compatibility (low temperature stability) of the liquid crystal composition is preferable. It is preferable to use the compound represented by the general formula (M3-1) when importance is placed on the compound, and the compounds represented by general formulas (M3-2) to (M3-5) when the high nematic upper limit temperature range is emphasized.
- composition in the present invention can further contain a compound having an end group represented by General Formula (Q). These compounds are used to enhance the stability of the liquid crystal composition against light and heat.
- the compound having a terminal group represented by General Formula (Q) is preferably a compound represented by General Formula (Q-a) to General Formula (Q-e) below.
- R Q1 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group
- R Q2 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group
- R Q3 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched alkyl group
- R Q4 is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group, a linear alkoxy group or a branched alkoxy group, and L Q is a linear alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or branched alkylene Groups are preferred, and W 1 and W 2 are preferably —CH 2 — or O atoms, preferably exclusively —CH 2 — or exclusively O atoms.
- the compounds represented by the general formulas (Qa), (Qc) and the general formula (Qe) further preferable.
- composition of the present invention preferably contains one kind of the compound represented by formula (Q), but may contain two or more kinds.
- the content is preferably 0.001 to 1%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1%, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05%.
- composition in the present invention can further contain a compound having an end group represented by General Formula (R).
- R a compound having an end group represented by General Formula (R).
- R represents H, O. or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group, and the wavy line represents a bond.
- the compound having a terminal group represented by General Formula (R) is preferably a compound represented by General Formula (R-a) to General Formula (R-e) below.
- composition of the present invention it is preferable to contain one type of compound having an end group represented by General Formula (R), and it is more preferable to contain one to three types.
- the content is preferably 0.001 to 0.5%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.2%, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.1%.
- the composition in the present invention can also contain a UV absorber.
- the UV absorber which can be used is not particularly limited, but commercially available UV absorbers such as benzophenone type, benzotriazol type, cyanoacrylate type and triazine type can be used. Although it is preferable to contain 1 type of ultraviolet absorbers, you may contain 2 or more types.
- the content is preferably 0.001 to 1%, more preferably 0.001 to 0.1%, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 0.05%.
- the composition of the present invention can contain a polymerizable compound in order to produce a polymer-stabilized liquid crystal display device.
- a polymerizable compound examples include photopolymerizable monomers whose polymerization proceeds by energy rays such as light, and the like, and a structure having a liquid crystal skeleton in which a plurality of six-membered rings such as biphenyl derivative and terphenyl derivative are linked.
- a polymerizable compound etc. are mentioned. More specifically, general formula (XX)
- each of X 201 and X 202 independently represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- Sp 201 and Sp 202 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or -O- (CH 2 ) s- (wherein, s represents an integer of 2 to 7, and an oxygen atom is Preferably bonded to an aromatic ring)
- X 201 and X 202 are all diacrylate derivatives represents a hydrogen atom, both preferably none of dimethacrylate derivatives having a methyl group, preferred compounds where one represents the other is a methyl group represents a hydrogen atom.
- the diacrylate derivative is the fastest, the dimethacrylate derivative is the slow, and the asymmetrical compound is the middle thereof, and a more preferable embodiment can be used depending on its use.
- dimethacrylate derivatives are particularly preferred.
- Sp 201 and Sp 202 each independently represent a single bond, an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or -O- (CH 2 ) s- , but in a PSA display element, at least one is a single bond And the embodiment in which one is a single bond and the other is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or -O- (CH 2 ) s- is preferable.
- an alkyl group of 1 to 4 is preferable, and s is preferably 1 to 4.
- Z 201 is —OCH 2 —, —CH 2 O—, —COO—, —COO—, —OCO—, —CF 2 O—, —OCF 2 —, —CH 2 CH 2 —, —CF 2 CF 2 — or a single bond Is preferred, -COO-, -OCO- or a single bond is more preferred, and a single bond is particularly preferred.
- M 201 represents a 1,4-phenylene group in which any hydrogen atom may be substituted by a fluorine atom, a trans-1,4-cyclohexylene group or a single bond, but a 1,4-phenylene group or a single bond is preferable.
- C represents a ring structure other than a single bond
- Z 201 is also preferably a linking group other than a single bond
- M 201 is preferably a single bond.
- the ring structure between Sp 201 and Sp 202 is preferably the structure specifically described below.
- the polymerizable compound containing such a skeleton has the optimum alignment control power after polymerization for the PSA type liquid crystal display element, and a good alignment state is obtained, so that display unevenness is suppressed or does not occur at all.
- benzene may be substituted by a fluorine atom
- Sp 20 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
- a polymerization initiator may be contained to accelerate the polymerization. Examples of the polymerization initiator include benzoin ethers, benzophenones, acetophenones, benzyl ketals, and acyl phosphine oxides.
- the composition containing the polymerizable compound of the present invention is imparted with liquid crystal alignment ability by polymerizing the polymerizable compound contained therein by ultraviolet irradiation, and the transmitted light quantity of light is controlled using birefringence of the composition Used in liquid crystal display devices.
- AM-LCD Active Matrix Liquid Crystal Display
- TN Nematic Liquid Crystal Display
- STN-LCD Super Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Display
- OCB-LCD and IPS-LCD In-Plane Switching Liquid Crystal Display
- IPS-LCD In-Plane Switching Liquid Crystal Display
- the liquid crystal display device using the composition of the present invention is excellent in high-speed response and reliability, realizes a wide operating temperature range, is useful, and can be suitably used for a liquid crystal display device for driving an active matrix.
- it since it is possible to realize excellent contrast due to high transmittance and reduced black luminance when used in FFS type or IPS type display elements, it is particularly suitable as a liquid crystal composition for IPS type and FFS type display elements.
- T NI Nematic phase-isotropic liquid phase transition temperature (° C)
- T- N Smectic phase (or solid layer)-nematic phase transition temperature (° C) [Delta]
- n 25 refractive index anisotropy n at ° C.
- o using ordinary refractive index Abbe refractometer at 25 ° C., the refractive index was measured for the 589nm light source.
- ⁇ dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C.
- ⁇ dielectric constant in the vertical direction at 25 ° C. Liquid crystal is sealed in two types of cells (homeotropic alignment, homogeneous alignment, thickness between substrates 10 microns) different in alignment treatment, 1 KHz was obtained from the difference between ll and ⁇ obtained by measuring the capacitance by applying an alternating electric field of
- ⁇ Bulk viscosity at 20 ° C (mPa ⁇ s)
- ⁇ 1 rotational viscosity coefficient (mPa ⁇ s) at 25 ° C
- Vth A liquid crystal was sealed in a TN cell having a thickness of 6 microns, and a voltage at which the transmittance changed by 10% under a crossed Nicol polarizing plate at 25 ° C. was measured.
- K 11 , K 33 The liquid crystal is sealed in a 30-micron-thick homogeneous alignment cell, a voltage (V) of 1 KHz is applied from 0 to 30 V, and a change in electric capacity (C) at 25 ° C. is measured. K 11 and K 33 were obtained from the fitting.
- K 22 A voltage of 1 KHz (V) was applied from 0 to 30 V to a TN cell with a thickness of 20 microns, and the change in capacitance (C) at 25 ° C. was measured, and the obtained CV curve From the threshold voltage (Vc), K 22 was determined according to the following equation.
- K 22 [K 33 -4 [(Vc / ⁇ ) 2 ⁇ ⁇ 0 ⁇ ⁇ -K 11 ]] / 2 Transmittance (T): FFS cell in which liquid crystal composition is enclosed (cell gap 3.5 microns, electrode width 3 microns, interelectrode distance 4 microns, SiN x insulating layer thickness 4000 ⁇ , alignment film inclined 5 ° from electrode longitudinal direction The maximum transmittance was measured from the change in luminance when a voltage was applied under a crossed Nicol polarizing plate at 25 ° C. in the rubbing treatment).
- VHR Glass cell with an alignment film encapsulating a liquid crystal composition (cell gap 3.5 microns, antiparallel, alignment film uses SE-7492 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.), frequency 60 Hz, applied voltage 5 V, applied pulse 64 ⁇ s, Voltage holding ratio (%) when measured under the condition of 60 ° C.
- VHR A voltage holding ratio (%) when the above-mentioned liquid crystal cell is held in a thermostat of 120 ° C. for 1 hour and then measured in the same manner as the above method.
- Low temperature storage For storage evaluation at low temperature, after preparing the composition, the composition is sealed in a 3.5 micron thick FFS cell, and this is subjected to temperatures such as -20 ° C, -25 ° C, -30 ° C, -40 ° C, etc. It was stored in a controlled test tank, and periodically observed for phase change of the composition or occurrence of precipitates visually. "240 hr” means that no phase change and precipitation were observed after 240 hours. (Ring structure)
- Example 1 The composition which satisfied the composition requirements of this application was adjusted below, and the effect was confirmed.
- the content rate in a table represents the mass% with respect to a composition.
- the liquid crystal composition described in Table 1 was prepared, and its physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 1 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, large ⁇ / ⁇ , small ⁇ 1, and high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the FFS cell which enclosed the said liquid crystal was measured using the electro-optical characteristic measuring apparatus (Syntech, OPTIPRO), the high transmittance
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 2 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 2 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , a very small ⁇ 1 and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the FFS cell which enclosed the said liquid crystal was measured using the electro-optical characteristic measuring apparatus (Syntech, OPTIPRO), the high transmittance
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 3 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 3 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 3 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 4 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 4 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a relatively large ⁇ / ⁇ , a low driving voltage, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 4 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 5 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 5 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 5 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 6 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 6 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 6 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 7 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 1 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, large ⁇ / ⁇ , small ⁇ 1, and high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the FFS cell which enclosed the said liquid crystal was measured using the electro-optical characteristic measuring apparatus (Syntech, OPTIPRO), the high transmittance
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 8 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 8 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a relatively large ⁇ / ⁇ , a low driving voltage, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 8 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 9 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 9 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 9 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 10 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 10 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a relatively large ⁇ / ⁇ , a small ⁇ 1, a low driving voltage, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 10 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal composition described in Table 11 was prepared, and the physical property values thereof were measured.
- the composition of Example 11 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 11 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 12 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 12 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a relatively large ⁇ / ⁇ , a low driving voltage, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 12 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 13 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 13 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 13 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the liquid crystal compositions described in Table 14 were prepared, and their physical property values were measured.
- the composition of Example 14 had a wide liquid crystal temperature range, a large ⁇ / ⁇ , an extremely small ⁇ 1, and a high Kavg.
- VHR and VHR after the heat resistance test showed high values with almost no change.
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 14 can be suitably used for an IPS type or FFS type liquid crystal display device.
- the maximum transmittance and contrast measurement result of the FFS cell which enclosed the liquid-crystal composition of Example 7 and the comparative example 1 are shown.
- the maximum transmittance was normalized with the transmittance of Comparative Example 1 as 100%.
- the contrast was calculated as the ratio of the maximum transmittance to the voltage off transmittance (black display).
- the liquid crystal composition of Example 7 was found to exhibit high transmittance and high contrast as compared to the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 1 having similar physical property values.
- permeability and contrast measurement result of the FFS cell which enclosed the liquid crystal composition of Example 10 and the comparative example 2 are shown.
- the maximum transmittance was normalized with the transmittance of Comparative Example 2 as 100%.
- the contrast was calculated as described above. It was found that the liquid crystal composition of Example 10 exhibits high transmittance and contrast as compared to the liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 2 having similar physical property values.
- the VHR measurement result of the liquid-crystal composition of Example 7 and Example 10 is shown.
- the liquid crystal composition of the present invention maintained high VHR even after the heat resistance test, and was found to be excellent in reliability.
- the composition of the present invention has a liquid crystal phase in a wide temperature range, has low viscosity, good solubility at low temperature, high specific resistance and voltage holding ratio, and is stable against heat and light. Furthermore, it has high elastic constants and relatively high ⁇ and ⁇ / ⁇ , and FFS or IPS type liquid crystal display devices using them have excellent high-speed response and reliability, and operation It has been found that the temperature range is wide, and excellent transmittance and contrast are exhibited.
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Abstract
Description
nA1、nA2及びnC1は相互に独立して、1、2又は3を表し、
nB1及びnB2は相互に独立して、0、1、2又は3を表すが、nB1+nB2は3以下であり、
GA1、GA2、GB1及びGB2は相互に独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)及び基(b)上の水素原子は相互に独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
GC1及びGC2は相互に独立して、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-フェニレン基、2-フルオロ-1,4フェニレン基又は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基を表し、
Kは、下記(K-1)~(K-5)で表される群から選ばれる基であり、
ZA2、ZB1及びZB2は相互に独立して-CH2CH2-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表し、
ZC1は、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、=N-N=又は単結合を表し、
YA11、YA12、YA21及びYA22は相互に独立して、水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、XA1及びXA2は相互に独立して、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基又はトリフルオロメトキシ基を表し、
GA1及びZA1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GA2及びZA2が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
GB1及びZB1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GB2及びZB2が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GC1及びZC1が複数存在する場合それらは同一でも異なっていてもよい。ただし一般式(C)で表される化合物は、一般式(B)で表される化合物を除く。)
更に当該組成物を使用したTN型(Twisted Nematic)、ECB型(Electrically Controlled Birefringence)、IPS型(In Plane Switching)又はFFS型(Fringe Field Switching)の表示素子を提供することを目的とする。
一般式(A1-1)及び一般式(A1-3)で表される化合物は液晶組成物の相溶性を向上させる点で好ましく、一般式(A1-2)及び一般式(A1-4)で表される化合物は液晶組成物のネマチック上限温度範囲を拡大できる点で好ましく、一般式(A1-3)及び一般式(A1-4)で表される化合物は更に組成物のε⊥の値を高めることが出来る点で好ましい。また、組成物の弾性定数を高める目的で、GA1が酸素原子を含有するヘテロ環であることも好ましい。
一般式(A1-2)で表される化合物の好ましい含有量は、下限値として2質量%であり、4質量%であり、6質量%であり、上限値として、24質量%であり、22質量%であり、20質量%であり、18質量%である。
これらの中でも、一般式(A1-2-4)、(A1-2-5)、(A1-2-6)、(A1-3-2)、(A1-3-3)、(A1-4-3)、(A1-4-4)、(A1-4-5)、(A1-4-6)で表される化合物が、液晶組成物の相溶性、誘電率異方性、ε⊥、粘性並びにネマチック温度範囲などの特性を高い次元で両立することが出来る点で好ましい。
一般式(A2-1)で表される化合物は組成物の屈折率異方性を高めることができる点で好ましく、一般式(A2-2)及び一般式(A2-3)で表される化合物は更に組成物の誘電率異方性を高めることができる点で好ましい。また、組成物の弾性定数を高める目的で、GA2が酸素原子を含有するヘテロ環であることも好ましい。
これらの中で、組成物の相溶性を高める目的で使用できる特に好ましい化合物は一般式(A2-1-1)、(A2-1-2)、(A2-2-1)、(A2-2-2)、(A2-3-1)及び(A2-3-2)で表される化合物であり、ネマチック上限温度範囲を拡大させる目的で使用できる特に好ましい化合物は一般式(A2-1-3)、(A2-1-4)、(A2-1-5)、(A2-3-4)、(A2-3-5)及び(A2-3-6)で表される化合物であり、組成物の誘電率異方性を上昇させ、更にε⊥の値を高めることができる点で特に好ましい化合物は一般式(A2-3-2)、(A2-3-3)、(A2-3-5)及び(A2-3-6)で表される化合物である。
一般式(B1)~(B3)で表される化合物は組成物の相溶性を向上させ、高い信頼性を与える点で好ましく、一般式(B2)及び式(B3)で表される化合物はさらに組成物の屈折率異方性を大きく出来る点でより好ましい。一般式(B4)~(B6)で表される化合物は組成物のε⊥を有意に上昇させるため、少ない添加量で所望のε⊥の値を得ることができ、組成物の低粘性化に寄与する点で好ましい。また、組成物の弾性定数を高める目的で、GB1が酸素原子を含有するヘテロ環であることも好ましい。
第二成分を構成する成分は。組成物に求められる物性値に応じて一般式(B1-1)~(B6-1)で表される化合物から適宜選択することができる。
GC11~GC12、GC21~GC23、GC31~GC34は相互に独立して、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-フェニレン基、2-フルオロ-1,4フェニレン基又は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基を表すが、GC11~GC12、GC21~GC23、GC31~GC34上の水素原子はフッ素原子によって置換されても良い。ただし一般式(C1)~(C3)で表される化合物は、一般式(B)で表される化合物を除く。)
第3成分の化合物の好ましい含有量は、下限値として、10質量%であり、14質量%であり、18質量%であり、22質量%であり、上限値として、90質量%であり、85質量%であり、80質量%であり、75質量%であり、70質量%である。
一般式(C1-1)で表される化合物は組成物の粘性を有意に低減させ、相溶性を改善できる点で好ましく、一般式(C1-2)で表される化合物は組成物の相溶性を有意に改善できる点で好ましく、一般式(C1-3)で表される化合物は組成物の粘性を低減させ、さらに屈折率異方性を大きくできる点で好ましい。これらの化合物は求められる諸特性に応じて単独で使用することも出来るし、組み合わせて使用することもできる。
一般式(C2-1)で表される化合物は組成物の粘性を低減させ、優れた低温安定性と広いネマチック温度範囲を両立できる点で好ましく、一般式(C2-2)で表される化合物は組成物のネマチック上限温度範囲を拡大させ、高い屈折率異方性を得られる点で好ましく、一般式(C2-3)及び(2-4)で表される化合物は、組成物の屈折率異方性を優位に上昇させ、さらにネマチック温度範囲を拡大できる点で好ましい。これらの化合物は求められる諸特性に応じて、単独で使用することもできるし組み合わせて使用することもできる。
一般式(C3-1)及び(C3-2)で表される化合物は組成物のネマチック上限温度範囲を有意に拡大させる点で好ましく、一般式(C3-3)で表される化合物は組成物のネマチック上限温度範囲を拡大させ、更に高い屈折率異方性を得られる点で好ましい。これらの化合物は求められる諸特性に応じて単独で使用することもできるし、組み合わせて使用することもできるが、液晶組成物の相溶性を維持するためには0種~3種程度を組み合わせて使用するのが好ましく、その含有量は0~15質量%の範囲が好ましく、0~10質量%の範囲がより好ましい。
nMは1、2、又は3を表し、
GMは
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)及び基(b)上の水素原子はそれぞれ独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
ZMは-CH2CH2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-C≡C-、又は単結合を表し、
GM及びZMが複数存在する場合は同一でも異なっていてもよく、
YM1及びYM2は相互に独立してフッ素原子又は水素原子を表し、
XMはフッ素原子、塩素原子、トリフルオロメチル基、トリフルオロメトキシ基、シアノ基、又は炭素数2~5のアルケニルオキシ基を表す。)
一般式(M)で表される好ましい化合物は以下の一般式(M1)~(M3)で表される化合物で与えられる。
信頼性を重視する場合は一般式(M1)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、高い屈折率異方性を重視する場合は一般式(M2)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、高い誘電率異方性を重視する場合は一般式(M3)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。また、液晶組成物としてε⊥の値を大きく保つためには、一般式(M2)及び(M3)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。第四成分としての一般式(M)で表される化合物は、上述の諸特性を考慮して一般式(M1)~(M3)で表される化合物のうち一種を単独で用いてもよいし、複数を組み合わせて用いることもできる。
一般式(M1-1)~(M1-6)で表される化合物はいずれも液晶組成物の信頼性を低下させないという点で好ましいが、液晶組成物の相溶性(低温安定性)を重視する場合は一般式(M1-1)~(M1-3)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、高いネマチック上限温度範囲を重視する場合は、一般式(M1-4)~(M1-5)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。
一般式(M2-1)~(M2-7)で表される化合物はいずれも液晶組成物の屈折率異方性を大きくできるという点で好ましいが、液晶組成物の相溶性(低温安定性)を重視する場合は一般式(M2-1)及び(M2-2)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、高いネマチック上限温度範囲を重視する場合は一般式(M2-3)~(M2-7)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、中でも、液晶組成物としてε⊥の値を大きく保つためには一般式(M2―4)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、光刺激に対して液晶組成物を安定させるためには一般式(M2-7)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。
一般式(M3-1)~(M3-5)で表される化合物はいずれも液晶組成物の誘電率異方性を大きくできるという点で好ましいが、液晶組成物の相溶性(低温安定性)を重視する場合は一般式(M3-1)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、高いネマチック上限温度範囲を重視する場合は一般式(M3-2)~(M3-5)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、中でも、液晶組成物としてε⊥の値を大きく保つためには一般式(M3―3)~(M3-5)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましく、屈折率異方性を大きくするためには一般式(M3-2)で表される化合物を用いることが好ましい。
一般式(Q)で表される末端基を有する化合物は、具体的には、下記の一般式(Q-a)から一般式(Q-e)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
一般式(R)で表される末端基を有する化合物は、具体的には、下記の一般式(R-a)から一般式(R-e)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
Sp201及びSp202はそれぞれ独立して、単結合、炭素原子数1~8のアルキレン基又は-O-(CH2)s-(式中、sは2から7の整数を表し、酸素原子は芳香環に結合するものとする。)が好ましく、
Z201は-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-CH2CH2-、-CF2CF2-、-CH=CH-COO-、-CH=CH-OCO-、-COO-CH=CH-、-OCO-CH=CH-、-COO-CH2CH2-、-OCO-CH2CH2-、-CH2CH2-COO-、-CH2CH2-OCO-、-COO-CH2-、-OCO-CH2-、-CH2-COO-、-CH2-OCO-、-CY1=CY2-(式中、Y1及びY2はそれぞれ独立して、フッ素原子又は水素原子を表す。)、-C≡C-又は単結合を表し、
M201は1,4-フェニレン基、トランス-1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又は単結合を表し、式中の全ての1,4-フェニレン基は、任意の水素原子がフッ素原子により置換されていても良い。)で表される二官能モノマーが好ましい。
これらの骨格を含む重合性化合物は重合後の配向規制力がPSA型液晶表示素子に最適であり、良好な配向状態が得られることから、表示ムラが抑制されるか、又は、全く発生しない。
本発明の組成物にモノマーを添加する場合において、重合開始剤が存在しない場合でも重合は進行するが、重合を促進するために重合開始剤を含有していてもよい。重合開始剤としては、ベンゾインエーテル類、ベンゾフェノン類、アセトフェノン類、ベンジルケタール類、アシルフォスフィンオキサイド類等が挙げられる。
T-N :スメクチック相(又は固体層)-ネマチック相転移温度(℃)
Δn :25℃における屈折率異方性
no :25℃における常光屈折率
アッベ屈折計を用い、589nm光源に対する屈折率を測定した。
ε⊥ :25℃における垂直方向の誘電率
配向処理の異なる2種類のセル(ホメオトロピック配向、ホモジニアス配向、基板間厚み10ミクロン)に液晶を封入し、1KHzの交流電界を印加してキャパシタンスを測定して求めたεllとε⊥の差分からΔεを求めた。
γ1 :25℃における回転粘性係数(mPa・s)
Vth:厚さ6ミクロンのTNセルに液晶を封入し、25℃、クロスニコル偏光板下において透過率が10%変化する電圧を測定した。
厚さ30ミクロンのホモジニアス配向セルに液晶を封入し、1KHzの電圧(V)を0から30Vまで印加して25℃における電気容量(C)の変化を計測し、得られたC-VカーブのフィッティングからK11とK33を求めた。
K22 = 〔K33-4[(Vc/π)2×ε0・Δε-K11]〕/2
透過率(T):液晶組成物を封入したFFSセル(セルギャップ3.5ミクロン、電極幅3ミクロン、電極間距離4ミクロン、SiNx絶縁層厚み4000Å、配向膜は電極長手方向から5°傾けてラビング処理)に、25℃において、クロスニコル偏光板下で電圧を印加した際の輝度変化から最大透過率を測定した。
低温での保存性評価は、組成物を調製後、厚さ3.5ミクロンのFFSセルに組成物を封入し、これを-20℃、-25℃、-30℃、-40℃等の温度制御式試験槽の中で保存し、定期的に目視で組成物の相変化又は析出物の発生を観察した。「240hr」は240時間経過時点で相変化及び析出が確認されたなかったことを意味する。
(環構造)
特開2006-328329の例33に記載された液晶組成物、及び特開2009-191624の例2に記載された液晶組成物を調整した。これらを選択した理由は、当該組成物がIPS型液晶表示素子用に好適に使用できると記載されているからである。物性値は当該文献に記載の値をそのまま転記し、ε⊥/Δεは新たに算出した。なお、表中の含有率は組成物に対する質量%を表す。
以下に本願の構成要件を満足する組成物を調整しその効果を確認した。なお、表中の含有率は組成物に対する質量%を表す。
Claims (10)
- 第一成分として、一般式(A1)及び一般式(A2)で表される群から選ばれる正の誘電率異方性を有する化合物を少なくとも1種含有し、
第二成分として、一般式(B)で表される群から選ばれる負の誘電率異方性を有する化合物を少なくとも1種含有し、
第三成分として、一般式(C)で表される群から選ばれる誘電的に中性の化合物を少なくとも1種含有し、混合物全体として正の誘電率異方性を有する液晶組成物。
nA1、nA2及びnC1は相互に独立して、1、2又は3を表し、
nB1及びnB2は相互に独立して、0、1、2又は3を表すが、nB1+nB2は3以下であり、
GA1、GA2、GB1及びGB2は相互に独立して、
(a) 1,4-シクロヘキシレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH2-又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH2-は-O-又は-S-に置き換えられてもよい。)及び
(b) 1,4-フェニレン基(この基中に存在する1個の-CH=又は隣接していない2個以上の-CH=は-N=に置き換えられてもよい。)
からなる群より選ばれる基を表し、上記の基(a)及び基(b)上の水素原子は相互に独立してシアノ基、フッ素原子又は塩素原子で置換されていても良く、
GC1及びGC2は相互に独立して、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-フェニレン基、2-フルオロ-1,4フェニレン基又は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基を表し、
Kは、下記(K-1)~(K-5)で表される群から選ばれる基であり、
ZA2、ZB1及びZB2は相互に独立して-CH2CH2-、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C≡C-又は単結合を表し、
ZC1は、-OCH2-、-CH2O-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-COO-、-OCO-、-CH2CH2-、-CH=CH-、-C≡C-、=N-N=又は単結合を表し、
YA11、YA12、YA21及びYA22は相互に独立して、水素原子又はフッ素原子を表し、XA1及びXA2は相互に独立して、フッ素原子、塩素原子、シアノ基、トリフルオロメチル基又はトリフルオロメトキシ基を表し、
GA1及びZA1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GA2及びZA2が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、
GB1及びZB1が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GB2及びZB2が複数存在する場合それらは同一であっても異なっていても良く、GC1及びZC1が複数存在する場合それらは同一でも異なっていてもよい。ただし一般式(C)で表される化合物は、一般式(B)で表される化合物を除く。) - 第一成分として少なくとも1種の一般式(A1)で表される正の誘電率異方性を有する化合物を含有する請求項1記載の液晶組成物。
- 第一成分として少なくとも1種の一般式(A2)で表される正の誘電率異方性を有する化合物を含有する請求項1に記載の液晶組成物。
- 一般式(C)で表される化合物として下記の一般式(C1)~(C3)で表される誘電的に中性の化合物を少なくとも1種含有する請求項1~6いずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
GC11~GC12、GC21~GC23、GC31~GC34は相互に独立して、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基、1,4-フェニレン基、2-フルオロ-1,4フェニレン基又は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基を表すが、GC11~GC12、GC21~GC23、GC31~GC34上の水素原子はフッ素原子によって置換されても良い。ただし一般式(C1)~(C3)で表される化合物は、一般式(B)で表される化合物を除く。) - 25℃における弾性定数K11とK33の平均値が12pN以上である請求項1~8いずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物。
- 請求項1~9いずれか1項に記載の液晶組成物を用いたIPS型又はFFS型液晶表示素子。
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WO2023175978A1 (ja) * | 2022-03-18 | 2023-09-21 | 九州ナノテック光学株式会社 | 液晶組成物及び液晶素子 |
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CN110719947A (zh) | 2020-01-21 |
KR20200010426A (ko) | 2020-01-30 |
JP6662495B2 (ja) | 2020-03-11 |
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