WO2019001065A1 - 数据发送方法、装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

数据发送方法、装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2019001065A1
WO2019001065A1 PCT/CN2018/081789 CN2018081789W WO2019001065A1 WO 2019001065 A1 WO2019001065 A1 WO 2019001065A1 CN 2018081789 W CN2018081789 W CN 2018081789W WO 2019001065 A1 WO2019001065 A1 WO 2019001065A1
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layer
coding
data
layers
coding layer
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French (fr)
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叶能
李详明
陈晓航
侯晓林
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NTT Docomo Inc
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NTT Docomo Inc
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Priority to CN201880042032.4A priority Critical patent/CN110785953B/zh
Priority to US16/627,066 priority patent/US11012101B2/en
Publication of WO2019001065A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001065A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/25—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM]
    • H03M13/251—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM] with block coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
    • H03M13/6337—Error control coding in combination with channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/35—Unequal or adaptive error protection, e.g. by providing a different level of protection according to significance of source information or by adapting the coding according to the change of transmission channel characteristics
    • H03M13/353—Adaptation to the channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/37—Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
    • H03M13/3707—Adaptive decoding and hybrid decoding, e.g. decoding methods or techniques providing more than one decoding algorithm for one code
    • H03M13/3715—Adaptation to the number of estimated errors or to the channel state
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/37—Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
    • H03M13/39—Sequence estimation, i.e. using statistical methods for the reconstruction of the original codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/63—Joint error correction and other techniques
    • H03M13/635—Error control coding in combination with rate matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0015—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy
    • H04L1/0019—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the adaptation strategy in which mode-switching is based on a statistical approach
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0033—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff arrangements specific to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03343—Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06N—COMPUTING ARRANGEMENTS BASED ON SPECIFIC COMPUTATIONAL MODELS
    • G06N20/00—Machine learning

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of mobile communications technologies, and in particular, to a data transmitting method, apparatus, and computer readable storage medium in a multi-user access technology.
  • the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology can significantly improve the uplink and downlink transmission performance of the cell edge users and the throughput of the system.
  • the Grant-free contention mechanism proposed in the uplink transmission can also significantly reduce the user's access delay and signaling overhead.
  • it is currently necessary to optimize the transmission performance and throughput of the mobile communication system because it is impossible to accurately know all the interference signals, how the transmitting end encodes and modulates the data to reduce interference between users.
  • An example of the present application proposes a data transmission method.
  • the method includes:
  • the data transmitting device includes:
  • the memory readable instruction module is stored in the memory;
  • the machine readable instruction module includes:
  • An interference determination module configured to obtain a statistical feature of the interference signal
  • a multi-layer coding parameter determining module configured to determine a layer number of the multi-layer coding and a code rate and a transmission power corresponding to each coding layer according to a statistical feature of the interference signal
  • a data recombining module configured to perform data recombination according to the determined information bits of the multi-layer coded layer to obtain information bits corresponding to each coding layer
  • a multi-layer coding module configured to respectively encode information bits of the coding layer according to the determined code rate of each coding layer, to obtain an encoded data stream corresponding to each coding layer;
  • a layer mapping module configured to perform layer mapping and modulation on the data stream encoded by each coding layer according to the determined transmit power of each coding layer, to obtain a symbol stream to be sent;
  • a sending module configured to send the symbol stream to be sent.
  • examples of the present application also provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are executed by a processor to implement the steps of the above methods.
  • the transmitting end does not need to accurately know all the interference signals, and the statistical features of the interference signals can be used for data encoding and modulation, so that it can be applied to a scenario where the transmitting end cannot accurately know all the interference signals, for example,
  • the uplink transmission mode based on the Grant-free competition mechanism, the other contention-based data transmission mode, the uncoordinated transmission mode, or the scenario of channel estimation error, channel estimation delay, and the like.
  • the transmitting end uses the multi-layered coding structure to match the statistical features of the interference, that is, the matched power and the rate allocation are used to match the interference in the multi-layer coding to reduce the probability of interruption and/or Or increase the average data rate. That is to say, better data transmission performance can be obtained by using the data transmission method provided by the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a data transmitting method according to an example of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining, by a transmitting end according to a statistical feature of an interference signal, a layer number of a multi-layer coding and a code rate and power of each coding layer according to the statistical characteristics of the interference signal;
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for data recombination performed by a transmitting end according to an example of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for data recombination performed by a transmitting end according to an example of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitting end according to an example of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of hardware of a radio base station and a user terminal according to an example of the present application.
  • the present application proposes a data transmission method that can encode, modulate, and transmit data according to part of the interference signal (eg, statistical characteristics of the interference signal) in the case that all the interference signals cannot be accurately known, and can be largely Reduce interference between users.
  • part of the interference signal eg, statistical characteristics of the interference signal
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a data transmission method according to an example of the present application, which is executed by a transmitting end.
  • the foregoing transmitting end is the user equipment UE; and for the downlink transmission, the foregoing transmitting end is the base station eNB.
  • the method can include:
  • Step 101 Obtain a statistical feature of the interference signal.
  • the statistical characteristics of the interference signal may specifically refer to a statistical distribution of interference signals in the channel.
  • statistical features on how to obtain an interference signal will be described in detail later.
  • Step 102 Determine the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer according to the statistical characteristics of the interference signal.
  • the transmitting end encodes and modulates the data to be transmitted in a multi-layer coding (MLC) manner.
  • MLC multi-layer coding
  • the number of layers of the multi-layer coding, the code rate corresponding to each coding layer, and the transmission power are determined according to the statistical characteristics of the interference signal to match the statistical characteristics of the interference, thereby Improve the performance of data transmission and mitigate the impact of interference on data transmission.
  • Step 103 Perform data recombination according to the determined information bits of the multi-layer coded layer to obtain information bits corresponding to the respective coding layers.
  • the transmitting end may perform data recombination on the information bits to be sent, and divide the information bits into multiple groups, respectively corresponding to multiple coding layers, to perform separately. Subsequent coding and modulation. Specifically, how to perform data recombination will be described in detail later.
  • Step 104 Encode the information bits of the coding layer according to the determined code rate of each coding layer to obtain an encoded data stream corresponding to each coding layer.
  • the transmitting end can respectively use the same manner as the single layer coding (SLC).
  • SLC single layer coding
  • Step 105 Perform layer mapping and modulation on the data stream encoded by each coding layer according to the determined transmit power of each coding layer, to obtain a symbol stream to be sent.
  • the transmitting end needs to combine the multi-coded encoded data streams of each coding layer into one data stream, and modulate the data stream to multiple constellation points by constellation modulation, and then use its own
  • the transmitter transmits data.
  • the above operation of merging the data streams of the multi-layer coding of the respective coding layers into one data stream can be generally referred to as layer mapping.
  • the layer mapping is performed according to the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer.
  • the transmitting end may perform layer mapping and then perform constellation modulation, or may perform constellation modulation and then perform layer mapping.
  • the specific implementation method will be described in detail below.
  • Step 106 Send the symbol stream to be sent as described above.
  • the transmitting end can transmit the above symbol stream through its own transmitter to complete the data transmission.
  • the transmitting end does not need to accurately know all the interference signals, and the statistical characteristics of the interference signals can be used for data encoding and modulation, so that the transmitting end cannot accurately know all the interferences.
  • Signal scenarios such as uplink transmission based on Grant-free contention, other contention-based data transmission, uncoordinated transmission, or in scenarios such as channel estimation errors, channel estimation delays, and so on.
  • the transmitting end uses the multi-layered coding structure to match the statistical features of the interference, that is, the matched power and the rate allocation are used to match the interference in the multi-layer coding to reduce the probability of interruption and/or Or increase the average data rate. That is to say, better data transmission performance can be obtained by using the data transmission method provided by the present application.
  • the transmitting end needs to further feed back the following information to the receiving end through uplink signaling or downlink signaling: the number of layers of the multi-layer coding, each The code rate corresponding to the coding layer, the transmission power, and the like.
  • step 101 the statistical characteristics of how the interfering signal is obtained by the transmitting end will be described in detail below by way of example.
  • the statistical characteristics of the interference signal may specifically refer to the statistical distribution of the interference signals in the channel.
  • the transmitting end can obtain the statistical characteristics of the interference signal by the following three methods.
  • Method 1 The transmitting end estimates the statistical characteristics of the interference signal based on the known channel related information.
  • the channel related information may be a channel quality index (CQI).
  • the transmitting end may be based on channel related information (such as CQI) and a statistical distribution model of the interference signal in the predetermined channel (that is, a priori knowledge or assumption of the statistical distribution of the interference channel in the channel, for example, when a large-scale user exists, per user
  • the business hypothesis is Poisson distribution
  • the average power of the interference can be assumed to be Gaussian distribution
  • the statistical characteristics of the interference signal are estimated according to the channel correlation information and the statistical distribution model of the interference signal in the predetermined channel (for example, interference The distribution function of the average power, the average value of the average power of the interference, etc.).
  • a distribution model of the mean of the interference may be presupposed, for example, a mean value of the interference in the assumed channel may be Gaussian or evenly distributed; in this case, the instantaneous CQI may be considered as channel interference.
  • the average of the statistical distribution of the mean is determined according to the instantaneous CQI, that is, the statistical characteristics of the interference signal are determined.
  • a statistical distribution model of the interference signal in the channel may be preset, and the interference signal distribution function in the model is determined by one or several parameters, wherein some or all of the parameters have a one-to-one correspondence with the CQI. relationship. In this way, after the CQI is known, the transmitting end can substitute the interference signal distribution function into the above model, so that the distribution function of the interference signal can be obtained.
  • the statistical distribution model of the interference signal in the above channel may be a Gaussian distribution model, a Poisson distribution model, a Pareto distribution model, or the like.
  • Method 2 The statistical characteristics of the interference signal are obtained by analyzing the distribution characteristics of the interference.
  • the data arrival rate of each device and the number of devices can be assumed in advance, and then, interference can be obtained based on the analysis of the large number theorem.
  • the statistical distribution can also be used to determine the statistical characteristics of the interfering signal. Specifically, according to the user's business model, the transmission power model, and the location distribution model, and according to the large number theorem, the probability density distribution of the number of users simultaneously transmitted in the channel and the statistical characteristics of the interference signal obtained by the overall transmission power in the channel are analyzed. That is, the statistical characteristics of the interference signal are obtained according to the number and location of the users.
  • Method 3 Estimate the statistical characteristics of the interfering signal through Online Learning.
  • Online Learning is a commonly used machine learning algorithm in the industry and can be considered as a model training method. Specifically, Online Learning can quickly and dynamically adjust the model based on online feedback data, so that the model can reflect changes on the line in time and improve the accuracy of online prediction.
  • the transmitting end can establish a machine learning model, wherein the input of the machine learning model is a transient interference signal obtained each time, and the output is a statistical distribution of the interference signal. Thereafter, the transmitting end may continuously update the machine learning model according to the instantaneous interference signal, and obtain the interference signal statistical feature when the output of the machine learning model converges.
  • the transmitting end obtains and continuously updates the statistical distribution of the interference signals in the channel during the working process, and can determine the statistical distribution of the interference signal when the learning result converges.
  • the statistical characteristics of the interfering signals can be determined.
  • the transmitting end may select a machine learning model, such as Reinforcement Learning, the input of the model is a transient interference signal obtained each time, and the output is a statistical distribution of interference signals or other statistical features.
  • the transmitting end can continuously update the statistical distribution of the interference signal during the working process to determine the statistical characteristics of the interference signal.
  • the above machine learning model can also be deployed at the receiving end (for example, for the case of uplink transmission, the machine learning model is deployed on the side of the base station).
  • the receiving end determines the statistical characteristics of the interference signal by the same machine learning method as described above, and then notifies the transmitting end through related signaling, such as broadcast signaling.
  • the transmitting end can obtain the statistical distribution of channel interference, that is, the statistical characteristics of the interference signal can be obtained.
  • step 102 the following is a detailed description of how the transmitting end determines the number of coding layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power of each coding layer according to the statistical characteristics of the interference signal.
  • the transmitting end can optimize the number of layers of the multi-layer coding, the code rate of each coding layer in the multi-layer coding, and the transmission power to match the statistical characteristics of the interference signal, and finally maximize the average of the data at the transmitting end.
  • Transmission rate Therefore, in the example of the present application, the goal of optimization in this step 102 is to find the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the multi-layer coding that maximize the average transmission rate of the data of the transmission side given the statistical distribution of the interference signal.
  • the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer is to find the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the multi-layer coding that maximize the average transmission rate of the data of the transmission side given the statistical distribution of the interference signal.
  • FIG. 2 shows a flow chart of a method for determining the number of layers of multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer of the multi-layer coding according to the statistical characteristics of the interference signal.
  • the method may specifically include the following steps.
  • Step 201 preset the maximum number of layers L M of the multi-layer coding.
  • the maximum number of layers L M of the multi-layer coding can be set to define the maximum number of coding layers, and the setting of the maximum number of layers L M of the multi-layer coding can be compromised in consideration of performance and complexity, for example, by empirical determination and the like.
  • the maximum number of layers L M of the above multi-layer encoding may be set to three.
  • Step 202 Corresponding to the maximum number of layers L M , respectively, when calculating the number of layers of a plurality of layers, the average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end when the average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end reaches the maximum value and each corresponding encoding The code rate and transmit power of the layer.
  • the maximum value of the average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end corresponding to the different multi-layer coding layers of the L M group and the code rate and the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer under the corresponding layer number can be obtained by the calculation of the step 202. .
  • L M when L M is equal to 3, it can be obtained by the above steps that when the number of layers of the multi-layer coding is 1, the code rate and the transmission power corresponding to the coding layer and the maximum value of the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end at this time; When the number of layers of the coding is 2, the code rate and the transmission power of the two coding layers respectively and the maximum transmission rate of the data of the transmission end at this time; and when the number of layers of the multi-layer coding is 3, the three coding layers respectively The corresponding code rate and transmission power and the maximum value of the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end at this time.
  • preferred multi-layered code rate and power parameters can be obtained by optimizing the following expressions:
  • I is the average power of the interference signal
  • f(I) is the statistical distribution of the average power of the interference signal
  • ⁇ i is The power allocation factor of the i-th coding layer
  • R i is the code rate of the i-th coding layer
  • each layer uses the power allocation factor ⁇ i and the code rate to configure R i to obtain the benefits, where the revenue can be ergodic capacity, or (1-interrupt probability), or instantaneous capacity, and so on.
  • the revenue function may be defined as:
  • L is the number of layers of multi-layer coding
  • P is the transmission power of the transmitting end
  • N is the noise power.
  • the selection of values of various parameters may be limited.
  • this limitation may be derived from an optional configuration of the encoder, or may be derived from an optional configuration of the modulator, or may be derived from the shape constraints of the final sum constellation, and the like. Therefore, in the optimization process, the above formula (1) can be optimized according to the optional configuration of the system encoder and modulator and the constellation shape constraint and the like to obtain the average transmission of the data at the transmitting end under the condition that the system constraints are satisfied. The maximum value of the rate.
  • the L M group data shown in Table 1 below can be obtained by the above step 202:
  • the data ⁇ RL ⁇ and ⁇ PL ⁇ of the Lth row (1 ⁇ L ⁇ L M ) in the above table are respectively an array of elements L, that is, ⁇ RL ⁇ includes from the first coding layer to the first The code rate corresponding to the L coding layers; ⁇ PL ⁇ includes the transmission power or power allocation factor corresponding to the coding layer from the 1st coding layer to the L coding layers.
  • Step 203 L M groups from the average transmission rate corresponding to the transmission side data encoding L M different number of layers wherein the maximum value of the maximum is found, and the corresponding coding layers L and L is the number of layers in the multi-level coding The code rate and the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer when the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end is maximized.
  • the data shown in Table 1 above can be obtained.
  • the average transmission rate of the data of the L M transmitting ends can be first found in the L M group data.
  • the maximum value that is, the maximum value in C1 to CL M , for example, CL, can be determined that the number of layers of the multi-layer coding is L.
  • the selection method is aimed at maximizing the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end, that is,
  • the determined number of layers of the multi-layer coding, the code rate and the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer can make the signal sent by the user better adapt to the interference in the channel, so that the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end is maximized;
  • the determined number of layers of multi-layer coding, the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer can promote SIC among multiple users, thereby deleting part of interference between users and improving the total capacity.
  • optimization targets in addition to maximizing the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end, other optimization targets may be selected to determine the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission corresponding to each coding layer. power.
  • the interruption probability may be selected as the optimization target, or the capacity expression of the constellation constraint may be used instead of the Shannon capacity expression in the previous example, and the selection of the optimization target of the present application is not limited.
  • the optimization target selected in the present application should be related to the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer, and Selecting the appropriate number of layers of multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer can achieve the optimization goal, so that the above parameters required for the present application, that is, the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and each coding can be determined.
  • the code rate and transmit power corresponding to the layer is not strictly defined in the present application, the optimization target selected in the present application should be related to the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer, and Selecting the appropriate number of layers of multi-layer coding and the code rate and transmission power corresponding to each coding layer can achieve the optimization goal, so that the above parameters required for the present application, that is, the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and each coding can be determined.
  • the code rate and transmit power corresponding to the layer is not strictly defined in the present application,
  • step 103 the following will explain in detail by way of how the sender reorganizes the information bits to be transmitted according to the determined number of layers of the multi-layer coding.
  • FIG. 3 shows a flow chart of a method for data reassembly by a transmitting end in an example of the present application.
  • the transmitting end after determining the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and power corresponding to each coding layer, the transmitting end performs the following operations:
  • Step 301 Determine the level of each coding layer.
  • each coding layer has different protection strength for the information bits of the layer, that is, different coding layers in the multi-layer coding may provide information bits.
  • Unequal fault tolerance protection Generally speaking, if all other settings are the same, if the detection success rate of the codeword of the i-th coding layer is higher than the success rate of the j-th coding layer, the level of fault-tolerant protection of the i-th layer is said to be higher than The jth floor.
  • the above estimation can be performed by the transmitting end. Therefore, after determining the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate and power corresponding to each coding layer, the fault-tolerant protection level of each coding layer can be estimated.
  • the fault-tolerant protection level of the coding layer may be simply referred to as the level of the coding layer.
  • Step 302 If the sending end includes multiple data streams to be sent, determine the priority of each data stream to be sent according to the importance level of the data stream to be sent.
  • the data to be sent by the transmitting end may include multiple types, where some data is more important than other data, for example, the importance of the usual control information (such as the UE's identification id or modulation and coding policy MCS settings, etc.). It is higher than the data information, and usually the urgent information is more important than the general information. Therefore, in this step, the priority of each data stream to be sent may be determined according to the degree of importance of the plurality of data streams to be sent by the user. Generally, the higher the degree of importance, the higher the priority of the data stream.
  • Step 303 Group the data streams to be sent according to the number of layers, the level, the corresponding code rate, and the priority of the data stream to be transmitted, obtain L data stream packets, and map the L data stream packets to L. Code layers, where L is the number of layers of the determined multi-layer code.
  • the higher priority data stream packet will be mapped to the higher level coding layer.
  • the data stream to be sent with higher priority may be preferentially grouped, and preferentially mapped to a higher level coding layer, and then the data stream to be sent with lower priority is grouped and mapped to a level.
  • a low coding layer to achieve the purpose of mapping the higher priority data stream packets to the higher level coding layer.
  • the size of each data stream packet will be determined by the code rate of the coding layer and the code block size.
  • data packets can be grouped according to the degree of importance of the data to be transmitted, so that important data is grouped into a coding layer with a higher level of fault-tolerant protection, so that data with higher priority resources can be used for data transmission, thereby further ensuring important importance.
  • the quality of data transmission can be grouped according to the degree of importance of the data to be transmitted, so that important data is grouped into a coding layer with a higher level of fault-tolerant protection, so that data with higher priority resources can be used for data transmission, thereby further ensuring important importance.
  • the transmitting end may perform layer mapping and then perform modulation, or may perform modulation and then perform layer mapping.
  • the following describes in detail how the transmitting end determines each encoding according to a specific example.
  • the transmit power of the layer performs layer mapping and modulation on the data stream encoded by each coding layer to obtain a symbol stream to be transmitted.
  • Option 1 Modulation and layer mapping.
  • the encoded data streams of the respective coding layers may be separately constelled, thereby A symbol stream to be transmitted corresponding to each coding layer is obtained. Then, the transmitting end performs layer mapping according to the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer, and respectively allocates corresponding powers for the symbols to be transmitted corresponding to the respective coding layers, and combines them into one symbol stream.
  • the layer mapping can be obtained by the following formula (3):
  • a transmission power allocation factor corresponding to the first coding layer For the modulated first symbol stream, a transmission power allocation factor corresponding to the first coding layer; The rotation angle of the constellation corresponding to the lth coding layer; Represents the total constellation constellation of the receiving end that can be obtained according to the parameter configuration in parentheses.
  • the angle of rotation The extremum determination can be solved by the following formulas (4) and (5).
  • x 1 is a point in the constellation of the sum of the receivers
  • x 2 is a point in the constellation of the sum of the receivers
  • ⁇ 2 represents noise
  • Option 2 First layer mapping and remodulation.
  • a high-order constellation diagram may be first designed according to the transmission power corresponding to each coding layer, where Each constellation point corresponds to a set of joint bit configurations of multiple coding layers. Multiple coding layers directly map the bits to the constellation points in the higher order constellation. Then, the transmitting end performs high-order constellation modulation to obtain a final symbol stream to be transmitted.
  • the constellation may not be designed according to the transmit power, but a fixed high-order constellation such as 64QAM, 128QAM, etc. may be used, and the higher priority data stream is further mapped to the bit of the constellation point with higher protection level. on.
  • the transmitting end can obtain the symbol stream to be transmitted and send it to the receiving end through its own transmitter.
  • the receiving end demodulates and decodes the received data by means of serial interference cancellation (SIC).
  • SIC serial interference cancellation
  • Error Propagation error propagation
  • the example of the present application also provides a method for data recombination, which can be performed on the basis of the data recombining method described earlier in the application, so as to effectively prevent the receiving end from appearing.
  • the case of error propagation is also provided.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • Step 401 Determine the level of each coding layer according to the code rate and power of each coding layer.
  • step 401 For the specific implementation of the foregoing step 401, reference may be made to the foregoing step 301.
  • Step 402 If the sending end includes multiple data streams to be sent, determine the priority of each data stream to be sent according to the importance level of the data stream to be sent.
  • Step 403 Group the data streams to be sent according to the number of layers, the level, the corresponding code rate, and the priority of each data stream to be sent, obtain L data stream packets, and map the L data stream packets to L coding layers, where L is the determined number of layers of the multi-layer coding.
  • Step 404 For each coding layer, the to-be-transmitted data stream corresponding to the coding layer with a higher level than the coding layer is merged into the to-be-sent data stream corresponding to the coding layer, and system coding is performed.
  • the data streams to be transmitted corresponding to the first to i-1 coding layers may be incorporated into the data stream of the ith coding layer. That is to say, after the above processing, the data to be transmitted corresponding to any one of the coding layers will include the data stream to be transmitted corresponding to all the coding layers whose level is higher than the coding layer.
  • the above data is reorganized, it should also be limited to the system coding mode used by the sender when encoding.
  • the main purpose of using system coding is to reduce the interference of the latter coding layer to the previous coding layer.
  • the symbol corresponding to each coding layer is not interfered by the coding layer whose level is lower than the lower layer. That is, the corresponding symbol of the first coding layer is that there is no inter-layer interference, and thus, according to the operation mode of the SIC, after the information of the coding layer of one level has been successfully decoded, the information can be removed as interference.
  • the power allocation has been determined by the above method. In this case, the detection accuracy of the coding layer with higher protection level at the receiving end can be greatly improved.
  • FIG. 5 shows the internal structure of the data transmitting apparatus of the example of the present application.
  • the data transmitting apparatus includes:
  • the interference determining module 501 is configured to obtain a statistical feature of the interference signal
  • the multi-layer coding parameter determining module 502 is configured to determine, according to a statistical feature of the interference signal, a layer number of the multi-layer coding and a code rate and a transmission power corresponding to each coding layer;
  • the data recombination module 503 is configured to perform data recombination according to the determined information bits of the multi-layer coded layer to obtain information bits corresponding to the respective coding layers;
  • the multi-layer coding module 504 is configured to separately encode information bits of the coding layer according to the determined code rate of each coding layer, to obtain an encoded data stream corresponding to each coding layer;
  • the layer mapping module 505 is configured to perform layer mapping and modulation on the data stream encoded by each coding layer according to the determined transmit power of each coding layer, to obtain a symbol stream to be sent;
  • the sending module 506 is configured to send the symbol stream to be sent.
  • the foregoing multi-layer coding parameter determining module 502 includes:
  • a parameter setting unit for presetting the maximum number of layers L M of the multi-layer coding
  • the optimization unit is configured to calculate the average transmission rate of the data at the transmitting end when the average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end reaches the maximum value corresponding to the maximum number of layers L M corresponding to 1 to the maximum number of layers, and the corresponding coding
  • the code rate and the transmission power of the layer, the maximum transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end of the L M group and the code rate and transmission power of each corresponding coding layer are obtained;
  • a selecting unit configured to find a maximum value of an average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end from a maximum value of the average transmission rate of the data of the transmitting end of the L M group and a corresponding code rate and transmission power of each coding layer, and corresponding codes thereof
  • the layer number L is used as the number of layers of the multi-layer coding and the code rate ⁇ RL ⁇ and the transmission power ⁇ PL ⁇ corresponding to each coding layer when the average transmission rate of the data of the transmission side is maximized when the number of layers of the multi-layer coding layer is L.
  • the code rate and the transmission power corresponding to each of the coding layers are encoded as the multi-layer.
  • the data reassembly module 503 includes:
  • a coding layer level determining unit configured to determine a level of the L coding layers
  • a data priority determining unit configured to determine a priority of each to-be-sent data stream according to an importance degree of the data stream to be sent;
  • a mapping unit configured to group the data streams to be sent according to the number of layers, the level, the corresponding code rate, and the priority of the data stream to be transmitted, obtain L data stream packets, and map the L data streams into groups To L coding layers.
  • the mapping unit further merges the to-be-sent data stream corresponding to the coding layer with a higher level than the coding layer for each coding layer.
  • the code layer corresponds to the data stream to be sent.
  • the above-mentioned multi-layer coding module performs system coding for each coding layer.
  • the layer mapping module 504 includes:
  • a modulating unit configured to respectively perform constellation modulation on the encoded data streams of the respective coding layers to obtain a symbol stream to be sent corresponding to each coding layer;
  • the layer mapping unit is configured to perform layer mapping according to the transmit power corresponding to each coding layer, and respectively allocate corresponding powers for the symbols to be sent corresponding to the respective coding layers, and combine them into one symbol stream.
  • the layer mapping module 504 includes:
  • a constellation setting unit configured to design a high-order constellation according to a transmission power corresponding to each coding layer, where each constellation point corresponds to a group of joint bit configurations of multiple coding layers;
  • a first mapping unit configured to jointly map data streams of multiple coding layers to constellation points in a high-order constellation
  • a high-order modulation unit for performing high-order constellation modulation to obtain a symbol stream to be transmitted.
  • the layer mapping module 504 includes:
  • a second mapping unit configured to jointly map information bits of the multiple coding layers to constellation points in the fixed high-order constellation, where the data stream with higher priority is mapped to the bit of the constellation point with higher protection level; as well as
  • a high-order modulation unit for performing high-order constellation modulation to obtain a symbol stream to be transmitted.
  • the transmitting end does not need to accurately know all the interference signals, and the statistical features of the interference signals can be used for data encoding and modulation, so that the transmitting end can not accurately know the scene of all the interference signals.
  • the uplink transmission mode based on the Grant-free competition mechanism, the other contention-based data transmission mode, the uncoordinated transmission mode, or the scenario of channel estimation error, channel estimation delay, and the like.
  • the transmitting end uses a multi-layered coding structure to match statistical features of interference, that is, to match interference by joint power and rate allocation in multi-layer coding to reduce the probability of interruption and/or Or increase the average data rate. That is to say, better data transmission performance can be obtained by using the data transmission method provided by the present application.
  • each functional block may be implemented by one device that is physically and/or logically combined, or two or more devices that are physically and/or logically separated, directly and/or indirectly (eg, This is achieved by a plurality of devices as described above by a wired and/or wireless connection.
  • the radio base station, the user terminal, and the like in one embodiment of the present application can function as a computer that executes the processing of the radio communication method of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration of a radio base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the radio base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above may be configured as a computer device that physically includes the processor 1001, the memory 1002, the memory 1003, the communication device 1004, the input device 1005, the output device 1006, the bus 1007, and the like.
  • the hardware structures of the wireless base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include one or more of the devices shown in the figures, or may not include some of the devices.
  • the processor 1001 only illustrates one, but may be multiple processors.
  • the processing may be performed by one processor, or may be performed by one or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or by other methods.
  • the processor 1001 can be installed by more than one chip.
  • the functions of the wireless base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are realized, for example, by reading a predetermined software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, thereby causing the processor 1001 to perform an operation, and the communication device
  • the communication performed by 1004 is controlled, and the reading and/or writing of data in the memory 1002 and the memory 1003 is controlled.
  • the processor 1001 causes the operating system to operate to control the entire computer.
  • the processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with a peripheral device, a control device, an arithmetic device, a register, and the like.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the baseband signal processing unit 104 (204), the call processing unit 105, and the like described above may be implemented by the processor 1001.
  • the processor 1001 reads out programs (program codes), software modules, data, and the like from the memory 1003 and/or the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance therewith.
  • programs program codes
  • the program a program for causing a computer to execute at least a part of the operations described in the above embodiments can be employed.
  • the control unit 401 of the user terminal 20 can be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated by the processor 1001, and can be similarly implemented for other functional blocks.
  • the memory 1002 is a computer readable recording medium, and may be, for example, a read only memory (ROM), an EEPROM (Erasable Programmable ROM), an electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM), or an electrically programmable read only memory (EEPROM). At least one of a random access memory (RAM) and other suitable storage medium is used.
  • the memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), or the like.
  • the memory 1002 can store an executable program (program code), a software module, and the like for implementing the wireless communication method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 1003 is a computer readable recording medium, and may be, for example, a flexible disk, a soft (registered trademark) disk (floppy disk), a magneto-optical disk (for example, a CD-ROM (Compact Disc ROM), etc.). Digital Versatile Disc, Blu-ray (registered trademark) disc, removable disk, hard drive, smart card, flash device (eg card, stick, key driver), magnetic stripe, database At least one of a server, a server, and other suitable storage medium.
  • the memory 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.
  • the communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission and reception device) for performing communication between computers through a wired and/or wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, and the like, for example.
  • the communication device 1004 may include a high frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc., in order to implement, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and/or Time Division Duplex (TDD).
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the above-described transmitting and receiving antenna 101 (201), the amplifying unit 102 (202), the transmitting and receiving unit 103 (203), the transmission path interface 106, and the like can be realized by the communication device 1004.
  • the input device 1005 is an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside.
  • the output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs an output to the outside.
  • the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may also be an integrated structure (for example, a touch panel).
  • each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information.
  • the bus 1007 may be composed of a single bus or a different bus between devices.
  • the wireless base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may include a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), and a programmable logic device (PLD).
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • Hardware such as Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) can realize some or all of each functional block by this hardware.
  • the processor 1001 can be installed by at least one of these hardwares.
  • the channel and/or symbol can also be a signal (signaling).
  • the signal can also be a message.
  • the reference signal may also be simply referred to as an RS (Reference Signal), and may also be referred to as a pilot (Pilot), a pilot signal, or the like according to applicable standards.
  • a component carrier may also be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.
  • the radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain.
  • Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting the radio frame may also be referred to as a subframe.
  • a subframe may be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain.
  • the subframe may be a fixed length of time (eg, 1 ms) that is independent of the numerology.
  • the time slot may have one or more symbols in the time domain (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) Symbol, etc.).
  • the time slot can also be a time unit based on parameter configuration.
  • the time slot may also include a plurality of minislots. Each minislot may be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain.
  • a minislot can also be referred to as a subslot.
  • Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols all represent time units when signals are transmitted. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, and symbols can also use other names that correspond to each other.
  • one subframe may be referred to as a Transmission Time Interval (TTI), and a plurality of consecutive subframes may also be referred to as a TTI.
  • TTI Transmission Time Interval
  • One slot or one minislot may also be referred to as a TTI. That is to say, the subframe and/or the TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in LTE, or may be a period shorter than 1 ms (for example, 1 to 13 symbols), or may be a period longer than 1 ms.
  • a unit indicating a TTI may also be referred to as a slot, a minislot, or the like instead of a subframe.
  • TTI refers to, for example, a minimum time unit scheduled in wireless communication.
  • the radio base station performs scheduling for all user terminals to allocate radio resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc. usable in each user terminal) in units of TTIs.
  • the definition of TTI is not limited to this.
  • the TTI may be a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, and/or a codeword transmission time unit, or may be a processing unit such as scheduling, link adaptation, or the like.
  • the time interval e.g., the number of symbols
  • actually mapped to the transport block, code block, and/or codeword may also be shorter than the TTI.
  • TTI time slot or one mini time slot
  • more than one TTI ie, more than one time slot or more than one micro time slot
  • the number of slots (the number of microslots) constituting the minimum time unit of the scheduling can be controlled.
  • a TTI having a length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a regular TTI (TTI in LTE Rel. 8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a regular subframe, a standard subframe, or a long subframe.
  • TTI shorter than a conventional TTI may also be referred to as a compressed TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a compressed subframe, a short subframe, a minislot, or a subslot.
  • a long TTI (eg, a regular TTI, a subframe, etc.) may be replaced with a TTI having a time length exceeding 1 ms
  • a short TTI eg, a compressed TTI, etc.
  • TTI length of the TTI may be replaced with 1 ms.
  • a resource block is a resource allocation unit of a time domain and a frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain.
  • the RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI.
  • a TTI and a subframe may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.
  • one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (PRB, Physical RB), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG, a resource element group), a PRG pair, an RB pair, and the like. .
  • the resource block may also be composed of one or more resource elements (REs, Resource Elements).
  • REs resource elements
  • Resource Elements For example, one RE can be a subcarrier and a symbol of a radio resource area.
  • radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-slots, symbols, and the like are merely examples.
  • the number of subframes included in the radio frame, the number of slots of each subframe or radio frame, the number of microslots included in the slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in the slot or minislot, and the number of RBs included in the RB The number of subcarriers, the number of symbols in the TTI, the symbol length, and the length of the cyclic prefix (CP, Cyclic Prefix) can be variously changed.
  • the information, parameters, and the like described in the present specification may be expressed by absolute values, may be represented by relative values with predetermined values, or may be represented by other corresponding information.
  • wireless resources can be indicated by a specified index.
  • the formula or the like using these parameters may be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present specification.
  • the information, signals, and the like described in this specification can be expressed using any of a variety of different techniques.
  • data, commands, instructions, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. which may be mentioned in all of the above description, may pass voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any of them. Combined to represent.
  • information, signals, and the like may be output from the upper layer to the lower layer, and/or from the lower layer to the upper layer.
  • Information, signals, etc. can be input or output via a plurality of network nodes.
  • Information or signals input or output can be stored in a specific place (such as memory) or managed by a management table. Information or signals input or output may be overwritten, updated or supplemented. The output information, signals, etc. can be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. can be sent to other devices.
  • the notification of the information is not limited to the mode/embodiment described in the specification, and may be performed by other methods.
  • the notification of the information may be through physical layer signaling (for example, Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI), and upper layer signaling (for example, radio resource control).
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • UCI Uplink Control Information
  • RRC Radio Resource Control
  • MIB Master Information Block
  • SIB System Information Block
  • MAC Media Access Control
  • the physical layer signaling may be referred to as L1/L2 (Layer 1/Layer 2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), and the like.
  • the RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like.
  • the MAC signaling can be notified, for example, by a MAC Control Unit (MAC CE).
  • MAC CE MAC Control Unit
  • the notification of the predetermined information is not limited to being explicitly performed, and may be performed implicitly (for example, by not notifying the predetermined information or by notifying the other information).
  • the determination can be performed by a value (0 or 1) represented by 1 bit, or by a true or false value (boolean value) represented by true (true) or false (false), and can also be compared by numerical values ( For example, comparison with a predetermined value).
  • Software whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, should be interpreted broadly to mean commands, command sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, sub- Programs, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, steps, functions, and the like.
  • software, commands, information, and the like may be transmitted or received via a transmission medium.
  • a transmission medium For example, when using wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.) and/or wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.) from a website, server, or other remote source
  • wired technology coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), etc.
  • wireless technology infrared, microwave, etc.
  • base station (BS, Base Station)", “radio base station”, “eNB”, “gNB”, “cell”, “sector”, “cell group”, “carrier”, and “component carrier”
  • BS Base Station
  • radio base station eNB
  • gNB gNodeB
  • cell a cell
  • cell group a carrier
  • component carrier a component carrier
  • the base station is sometimes referred to by a fixed station, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), an access point, a transmission point, a reception point, a femto cell, a small cell, and the like.
  • a base station can accommodate one or more (eg, three) cells (also referred to as sectors). When the base station accommodates multiple cells, the entire coverage area of the base station can be divided into a plurality of smaller areas, and each smaller area can also pass through the base station subsystem (for example, a small indoor base station (RFH, remote head (RRH), Remote Radio Head))) to provide communication services.
  • the term "cell” or “sector” refers to a portion or the entirety of the coverage area of a base station and/or base station subsystem that performs communication services in the coverage.
  • the base station is sometimes referred to by a fixed station, a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), an access point, a transmission point, a reception point, a femto cell, a small cell, and the like.
  • eNB eNodeB
  • Mobile stations are also sometimes used by those skilled in the art as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless Terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms are used.
  • the wireless base station in this specification can also be replaced with a user terminal.
  • each mode/embodiment of the present application can be applied to a configuration in which communication between a radio base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between a plurality of user-to-device (D2D) devices.
  • D2D user-to-device
  • the function of the above-described wireless base station 10 can be regarded as a function of the user terminal 20.
  • words such as "upstream” and "downstream” can also be replaced with "side”.
  • the uplink channel can also be replaced with a side channel.
  • the user terminal in this specification can also be replaced with a wireless base station.
  • the function of the user terminal 20 described above can be regarded as a function of the wireless base station 10.
  • a specific operation performed by a base station is also performed by an upper node depending on the situation.
  • various actions for communication with the terminal can pass through the base station and more than one network other than the base station.
  • the node may be considered, for example, a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW, etc.), but not limited thereto, or a combination thereof.
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • S-GW Serving-Gateway
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-B Long-Term Evolution
  • LTE-Beyond Long-Term Evolution
  • Super 3rd generation mobile communication system SUPER 3G
  • IMT-Advanced advanced international mobile communication
  • 4th generation mobile communication system (4G, 4th generation mobile communication system
  • 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
  • future radio access FAA
  • new radio access technology New-RAT, Radio Access Technology
  • NR New Radio Access Technology
  • NX new radio access
  • FX Next Generation Wireless Access
  • GSM Registered trademark
  • GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
  • CDMA2000 Code Division Multiple Access 2000
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.16 WiMAX (registered trademark)
  • IEEE 802.20 Ultra Wideband
  • any reference to a unit using the names "first”, “second”, etc., as used in this specification, does not fully limit the number or order of the units. These names can be used in this specification as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more units. Thus, reference to a first element and a second element does not mean that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must prevail in the form of the second unit.
  • determination used in the present specification sometimes includes various actions. For example, regarding “judgment (determination)", calculation, calculation, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (eg, table, database, or other) may be performed. Search in the data structure, ascertaining, etc. are considered to be “judgment (determination)”. Further, regarding “judgment (determination)”, reception (for example, receiving information), transmission (for example, transmission of information), input (input), output (output), and access (for example) may also be performed (for example, Accessing data in memory, etc. is considered to be “judgment (determination)”.
  • judgment (determination) it is also possible to consider “resolving”, “selecting”, selecting (choosing), establishing (comparing), comparing (comparing), etc. as “judging (determining)”. That is to say, regarding "judgment (determination)", several actions can be regarded as performing "judgment (determination)".
  • connection means any direct or indirect connection or combination between two or more units, This includes the case where there is one or more intermediate units between two units that are “connected” or “coupled” to each other.
  • the combination or connection between the units may be physical, logical, or a combination of the two.
  • connection can also be replaced with "access”.
  • two units may be considered to be electrically connected by using one or more wires, cables, and/or printed, and as a non-limiting and non-exhaustive example by using a radio frequency region.
  • the electromagnetic energy of the wavelength of the region, the microwave region, and/or the light is "connected” or "bonded” to each other.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种数据发送方法，该方法可以包括：获得干扰信号的统计特征；根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及发送所述待发送的符号流。

Description

数据发送方法、装置及存储介质
本申请要求于2017年6月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710522236.5，发明名称为“数据发送方法、装置及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及移动通信技术领域，特别涉及多用户接入技术中的数据发送方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
通过非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术可以显著提高小区边缘用户的上行和下行传输性能以及系统的吞吐量。更进一步，在上行传输提出的免授权(Grant-free)竞争机制还可以显著地降低用户的接入时延以及信令开销。然而，在Grant-free竞争机制之下，由于无法准确获知全部的干扰信号，发送端如何进行数据的编码调制来减小用户间的干扰，从而优化移动通信系统的传输性能和吞吐量是当前需要解决的问题之一。
技术内容
本申请的实例提出了一种数据发送方法。该方法包括：
获得干扰信号的统计特征；
根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；
根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；
根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对每个编码层的信息比特进行 编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；
根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及
发送所述待发送的符号流。
本申请的实例还提出了一种数据发送装置。该数据发送装置包括：
处理器；
与所述处理器相连接的存储器；所述存储器中存储有机器可读指令模块；所述机器可读指令模块包括：
干扰确定模块，用于获得干扰信号的统计特征；
多层编码参数确定模块，用于根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；
数据重组模块，用于根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；
多层编码模块，用于根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；
层映射模块，用于根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及
发送模块，用于发送所述待发送的符号流。
除此之外，本申请的实例还提出了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，其中，所述计算机指令被处理器执行时实现上述方法的步骤。
在本申请的方案中，发送端并不需要精确获知全部的干扰信号，而可以使用干扰信号的统计特征来进行数据编码以及调制，从而可以适用于发送端无法准确获知全部干扰信号的场景，例如，基于Grant-free竞争机制的上行传输方式，其他基于竞争的数据传输方式，不协调传输方 式，或者在信道估计错误、信道估计延时等等的场景下。
此外，在本申请的上述方法中，发送端使用多层编码的结构来匹配干扰的统计特征，也即在多层编码时通过联合的功率以及码率分配来匹配干扰，以降低中断概率和/或提升平均数据速率。也就是说，通过使用本申请提供的数据发送方法可以获得更好的数据传输性能。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1显示了本申请实例所述的数据发送方法的流程图；
图2显示了本申请实例所述的发送端根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层的码率和功率的方法流程图；
图3显示了本申请实例所述的发送端进行数据重组的方法流程图；
图4显示了本申请实例所述的发送端进行数据重组的方法流程图；
图5为本申请实例所述的发送端结构示意图；以及
图6是本申请一实例所涉及的无线基站和用户终端的硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人 员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为了描述上的简洁和直观，下文通过描述若干代表性的实施例来对本申请的方案进行阐述。实施例中大量的细节仅用于帮助理解本申请的方案。但是很明显，本申请的技术方案实现时可以不局限于这些细节。为了避免模糊本申请的方案，一些实施方式没有进行细致地描述，而是仅给出了框架。下文中，“包括”是指“包括但不限于”，“根据……”是指“至少根据……，但不限于仅根据……”。下文中没有特别指出一个成分的数量时，意味着该成分可以是一个也可以是多个，或可理解为至少一个。
本申请提出了一种数据发送方法在无法准确获知全部干扰信号的情况下，可以根据干扰信号的部分信息(例如干扰信号的统计特征)进行数据的编码、调制以及发送，并且可以在很大程度上减少用户之间的干扰。
图1显示了本申请实例所述的数据发送方法流程图，由发送端执行。具体而言，对于上行传输，上述发送端就是用户设备UE；而对于下行传输，上述发送端就是基站eNB。如图1所示，该方法可以包括：
步骤101：获得干扰信号的统计特征。
在本申请中的一些实例中，上述干扰信号的统计特征具体可以是指信道中干扰信号的统计分布。此外，关于如何获得干扰信号的统计特征将在后文中详细描述。
步骤102：根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。
在本申请的一些实例中，发送端将采用多层编码(MLC)的方式对待发送的数据进行编码和调制。而且，在本申请的一些实例中，所采用的多层编码的层数、每个编码层对应的码率以及发射功率都是根据干扰 信号的统计特征确定的，以匹配干扰的统计特征，从而提升数据传输的性能，减轻干扰对数据传输的影响。
此外，关于如何根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率将在后文中详细描述。
步骤103：根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特。
在本申请的一些实例中，在多层编码的层数确定之后，发送端就可以将待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，将其划分成多个组，分别对应多个编码层，以分别进行后续的编码以及调制。具体地，关于如何进行数据重组将在后文中详细描述。
步骤104：根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流。
在本申请的一些实例中，在得到各个编码层对应的信息比特以及各个编码层对应的码率之后，针对每个编码层，发送端即可利用与单层编码(SLC)相同的方式分别对各个编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流。
步骤105：根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流。
在本申请的一些实例中，发送端需要将多层编码各个编码层经过编码的数据流合并为一个数据流，以及通过星座调制，将数据流调制到多个星座点上，然后才能利用自身的发射机进行数据的发送。上述将多层编码各个编码层的数据流合并为一个数据流的操作一般可以称为层映射，通常，层映射是根据各个编码层所对应的发射功率来进行的。
具体地，发送端可以先进行层映射然后再进行星座调制，也可以先进行星座调制然后再进行层映射。具体的实现方法将在下文详细描述。
步骤106：发送上述待发送的符号流。
在得到最终的经过编码以及调制后的符号流之后，发送端即可以通过自身的发射机发送上述符号流，完成数据的发送。
从上述方法可以看出，在本申请中，发送端并不需要精确获知全部的干扰信号，而可以使用干扰信号的统计特征来进行数据编码以及调制，从而可以适用于发送端无法准确获知全部干扰信号的场景，例如，基于Grant-free竞争机制的上行传输方式，其他基于竞争的数据传输方式，不协调传输方式，或者在信道估计错误、信道估计延时等等的场景下。
此外，在本申请的上述方法中，发送端使用多层编码的结构来匹配干扰的统计特征，也即在多层编码时通过联合的功率以及码率分配来匹配干扰，以降低中断概率和/或提高平均数据速率。也就是说，通过使用本申请提供的数据发送方法可以获得更好的数据传输性能。
此外，为了使接收端可以正确解调以及解码上述发送端发送的符号，发送端还需要进一步通过上行信令或者下行信令将下述信息反馈给接收端：多层编码的层数、每一个编码层对应的码率以及发射功率等等。
下面将进一步结合具体的实例以及附图，详细说明上述方法中各个步骤的具体实现方法。
针对上述步骤101，下面将通过举例详细说明发送端是如何获得干扰信号的统计特征的。
如前所述，在本申请的实例中，干扰信号的统计特征具体可以是指信道中干扰信号的统计分布。
在这种情况下，在本申请的实例中，发送端可以通过以下三种方法获得干扰信号的统计特征。
方法1：发送端根据已知的信道相关信息估计干扰信号的统计特征。
在本例中，上述信道相关信息可以是信道质量指数(CQI)。发送端可以根据信道相关信息(如CQI)和预先确定信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型(也就是信道中干扰信道的统计分布的先验知识或假定，例如，大规模用户存在之时，每用户业务假设为泊松分布，则干扰的平均功率就可以假设为服从高斯分布)，然后再根据信道相关信息以及预先确定的信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型估计干扰信号的统计特征(例如，干扰的平均功率的分布函数，干扰的平均功率的平均值等等)。
在本申请的一些实例中，可以预先假设干扰的均值的分布模型，例如，将假设信道中干扰的均值满足高斯分布或者均匀分布；在这种情况下，瞬时的CQI即可以被认为是信道干扰的均值的统计分布的平均值。此时，即可根据瞬时的CQI确定干扰信号的均值的统计分布，也即确定干扰信号的统计特征。
在本申请的一些实例中，可以预先设定信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型，该模型中的干扰信号分布函数由一个或若干个参数决定，其中部分或全部参数与CQI均有一一对应的关系。如此，发送端在获知CQI之后，可以将其代入上述模型中的干扰信号分布函数，从而可以得到干扰信号的分布函数。具体而言，上述信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型可以是高斯分布模型、泊松分布模型、帕累托分布模型等。
方法2：通过分析干扰的分布特征得到干扰信号的统计特征。
在该方法中，特别是在海量机器类通信(mMTC，massive Machine Type of Communication)系统中，可以预先假设每个设备的数据到达速率以及设备的数量，随后，基于大数定理分析可以得到干扰的统计分布，也即可以确定干扰信号的统计特征。具体而言，根据用户的业务模型、传输功率模型和位置分布模型，并根据大数定理，分析信道中同时传输的用户个数的概率密度分布以及信道中的总体发送功率获得干扰信号 的统计特征，也即根据用户的个数和位置获得干扰信号的统计特征。
方法3：通过线上学习(Online Learning)来估计干扰信号的统计特征。
需要说明的是，Online Learning是工业界比较常用的机器学习算法，可以被认为是一种模型的训练方法。具体而言，Online Learning能够根据线上反馈数据，实时快速地进行模型调整，使得模型及时反映线上的变化，提高线上预测的准确率。基于此，发送端可以建立机器学习模型，其中，所述机器学习模型的输入是每次获得的瞬时干扰信号，输出为干扰信号的统计分布。此后，发送端可以根据瞬时干扰信号持续更新所述机器学习模型，在所述机器学习模型的输出收敛时，获得的干扰信号统计特征。
在本申请的实例中，基于Online Learning的机器学习方法，发送端在工作的过程中获得并且持续更新信道中干扰信号的统计分布，在学习结果收敛时，既可以确定干扰信号的统计分布，也即可以确定的干扰信号统计特征。
具体而言，发送端可以选择一种机器学习模型，例如强化学习模型(Reinforcement Learning)，该模型的输入是每次获得的瞬时干扰信号，输出为干扰信号的统计分布或者其他统计特征。如此，发送端在工作过程中可以持续更新干扰信号的统计分布，从而确定干扰信号的统计特征。此外，上述机器学习模型也可以部署在接收端(例如，针对上行传输的情况，机器学习模型部署在基站一侧)。在这种情况下，接收端通过与上述同样的机器学习方法确定干扰信号的统计特征，然后，再通过相关的信令，如广播信令，通知发送端。
由此可以看出，通过上述多种方法，发送端均可以获得信道干扰的统计分布，也即可以获得干扰信号的统计特征。
针对上述步骤102，下面将通过举例详细说明发送端是如何根据干扰信号的统计特征来确定多层编码的编码层数以及每个编码层的码率和发射功率的。
在本申请的实例中，发送端可以优化多层编码的层数、多层编码中每一个编码层的码率以及发射功率以使其匹配干扰信号的统计特征，最终最大化发送端数据的平均传输速率。因此，在本申请的实例中，在本步骤102进行优化的目标是在给定干扰信号的统计分布的情况下求使得发送端数据的平均传输速率最大的多层编码的层数以及多层编码每一个编码层对应的码率以及发射功率。
在本申请的实例中，图2给出了根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及多层编码每一个编码层对应的码率以及发射功率的方法流程图。如图2所示，该方法可以具体包括如下步骤。
步骤201：预先设定多层编码的最大层数L M。
理论上，多层编码的层数越多，发送端就可以更好的匹配干扰特性，从而更大程度地提高发送端的数据平均传输速率。但是相应地，多层编码的层数越多，发送端的复杂度也越高。因此，可以设定多层编码的最大层数L M来限定编码层的最大数量，且该多层编码最大层数L M的设定可以折衷考虑性能和复杂度，例如通过经验确定等等。比如，在一些实例中，上述多层编码的最大层数L M可以设置为3。
步骤202：对应1到最大层数L M，分别计算在某个多层编码的层数时，发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大值时的发送端数据的平均传输速率以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率。
也即，通过本步骤202的计算可以得到L M组对应不同多层编码层数的发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值和在对应的层数下每一个编 码层对应的码率和发射功率。例如，L M等于3时，通过上述步骤可以得到，多层编码的层数为1时，该编码层对应的码率和发射功率以及此时发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值；多层编码的层数为2时，两个编码层分别对应的码率和发射功率以及此时发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值；以及多层编码的层数为3时，三个编码层分别对应的码率和发射功率以及此时发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值。
在本申请的一些实例中，可通过优化下述表达式，获得优选的多层编码码率和功率参数：
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000001
其中，I为干扰信号的平均功率，f(I)为干扰信号的平均功率的统计分布；M(I,λ i,R i,i＝1…L,Rx)为收益函数，其中λ i为第i个编码层的功率分配因子，R i为第i个编码层的码率，M(I,λ i,R i,i＝1…L,Rx)定义为在某种接收策略Rx和干扰I下，各层采用功率分配因子λ i和码率配置R i的条件下，获得的收益，其中收益可以为遍历容量，或者(1-中断概率)，或瞬时容量等等。
例如，在本申请的一些实例中，确定接收策略Rx为对每个编码层做SIC接收，收益目标确定为发送端数据可靠传输的瞬时容量，则收益函数可以定义为：
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000002
其中，L为多层编码的层数；
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000003
P为发送端的发送功率；N为噪声功率。在对上述表达式进行优化时，假设第i层先于第j层被接收端检测，也即(i＜j)。此外，Θ(·)是示性函数，即当括号中表述为真时， 取值为1；反之，取值为0。
需要说明的是，在上述优化过程中，对各参数(包括码率，功率因子等)值的选择可能会受到一定的限制。在本申请的一些实例中，这个限制可能来源于编码器的可选配置，也可能来源于调制器的可选配置，也可能来源于最后的总和星座图的形状约束等等。因此，在优化过程中，可以根据系统编码器和调制器的可选配置以及星座图形状约束等等条件来优化上述公式(1)得到在满足系统约束条件的情况下的发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值。
通过最大化上述表达式(1)即可以得到在采用L层多层编码时，发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大时所要求的每一个编码层的码率以及发射功率。
在本申请的一些实例中，通过上述步骤202可以得到如下表1所示的L M组数据：
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000004
表1
其中，上述表格中的第L行(1≤L≤L M)的数据{RL}和{PL}分别为元素个数为L的数组，也即{RL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的码率；{PL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的发射功率或 者功率分配因子。
步骤203：从这L M组对应L M个不同编码层数的发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值中找到其中的最大值，及其对应的编码层数L以及在多层编码层数为L时使得发送端数据的平均传输速率最大时的每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。
如前所述，通过上述步骤202，可以得到如上表1所示的数据，则在本步骤中，可以首先在上述L M组数据中找到L M个发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值中的最大值，也即C1～CL M中的最大值，例如，CL，从而可以确定多层编码的层数为L。然后，再根据上表中的第L组数据，确定多层编码的层数为L且数据的平均传输速率达到最大时每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率，也即将上述表1中第L行的数据{RL}和{PL}作为这L层多层编码中每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。
从上述选择多层编码的层数、每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率的方法可以看出，这种选择方法是以最大化发送端数据的平均传输速率为目标的，也即，所确定的多层编码的层数、每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率可以使用户发送的信号更好地适配信道中的干扰，从而使得发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大；在考虑多用户间SIC接收时，所确定的多层编码的层数、每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率可以促进多用户间的SIC，从而删除用户间的部分干扰，提升总和容量。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，除了最大化发送端数据的平均传输速率之外，还可以选择其他的优化目标，来确定多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。例如，可以选择最小化中断概率作为优化目标，或者使用星座图约束的容量表达式来代替前例中的香农容量表达式，本申请优化目标的选择不进行限定。
虽然，在本申请中对优化目标并没有进行严格的限定，但是，本申 请所选择的优化目标均应当与多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率有关，且通过选取适合的多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率均可以达到优化目标，从而可以确定本申请所需的上述参数，也即多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。
针对上述步骤103，下面将通过举例详细说明发送端是如何根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组的。
具体而言，图3显示了在本申请的实例中发送端进行数据重组的方法流程图。如图3所示，在确定了多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率以及功率之后，发送端将执行如下操作：
步骤301：确定各个编码层的等级。
由于每一个编码层所对应的码率以及发射功率都可能不同，因此，每一个编码层对该层信息比特的保护力度是不同的，也即，多层编码中不同编码层可以为信息比特提供不等的容错保护。一般来讲，假设所有其它设定都相同的情况下，若检测第i个编码层的码字的检测成功率高于第j个编码层的成功率，则称第i层容错保护等级高于第j层。而且，上述估计可以由发送端来完成，因此，在确定了多层编码的层数以及每一个编码层对应的码率以及功率之后，即可估计得到每一个编码层的容错保护等级。例如，可以认为一个编码层的码率越低、功率越大，则该编码的容错保护等级越高。在本申请中，为了描述方便，可以将编码层的容错保护等级简称为编码层的等级。
步骤302：如果发送端包含多个待发送的数据流，则根据待发送数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级。
通常，发送端所要发送的数据可以包括多种，其中，一些数据和其 他数据相比更为重要，例如，通常控制信息(例如UE的标识id或者调制与编码策略MCS settings等等)的重要程度要高于数据信息，以及通常紧急信息的重要程度要高于一般信息。因此，在本步骤中，可以根据用户所要发送的多个数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级，通常，重要程度越高的数据流的优先级越高。
步骤303：根据多层编码的层数、等级、对应的码率以及待传输数据流的优先级对待发送的数据流进行分组，得到L个数据流分组，并将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层，其中，L为所确定的多层编码的层数。
且在本申请的实例中，优先级越高的数据流分组将被映射至等级越高的编码层。具体地，可以优先对优先级较高的待发送数据流进行分组，并优先映射至等级较高的编码层，然后，再对优先级较低的待发送数据流进行分组，并映射至等级较低的编码层，以实现将优先级越高的数据流分组映射至等级越高的编码层的目的。
此外，在进行数据重组的过程中，每个数据流分组的大小将由该编码层的码率以及码块大小来确定。
通过上述方法，可以按照待发送数据的重要程度进行数据分组，从而将重要的数据分组到容错保护等级较高的编码层上，以使用优先级更高的资源进行数据传输，从而可以进一步保证重要数据传输的质量。
针对上述步骤105，如前所述，发送端可以先进行层映射然后再进行调制，也可以先进行调制然后再进行层映射，下面将结合具体的示例详细说明发送端如何根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流的。
方案1：先调制再进行层映射。
在本申请的一些实例中，在对待发送的每个编码层的数据流进行编码得到各个编码层经过编码的数据流之后，就可以首先分别对各个编码层经过编码的数据流进行星座调制，从而得到每个编码层对应的待发送的符号流。然后，发送端再根据各个编码层对应的发射功率进行层映射，分别为各个编码层对应的待发送的符号分配相应的功率，并合并为一个符号流。
例如，在本申请的一些实例中，层映射可以通过如下公式(3)得到：
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000005
其中，
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000006
为经过调制的第l个符号流，
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000007
为第l个编码层对应的发射功率分配因子；
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000008
为第l个编码层对应的星座图旋转角度；
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000009
代表根据括号内参数配置可以得到的接收端的总和星座图。
在一些实例中，该旋转角度
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000010
可以通过下面公式(4)和(5)求解极值确定。
argmax(metric(θ t))                  (4)
其中，
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000011
其中，x 1为接收端总和星座图中的某一个点；x 2为接收端总和星座图中的某一个点；σ 2代表噪声。
在另一些示例中，为了减小发送端的复杂度，该旋转角度
Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-000012
可以默认设置为0。
方案2：先层映射再调制。
在本申请的一些实例中，在对待发送的每个编码层的数据流进行编码得到各个编码层经过编码的数据流之后，就可以首先根据各个编码层对应的发射功率设计高阶星座图，其中每个星座点对应于多个编码层的一组联合比特配置。多个编码层直接将比特联合映射到高阶星座图中的星座点。然后，发送端再进行高阶星座调制，得到最终的待发送的符号流。在一些实例中，也可以不根据发射功率设计星座图，而采用固定的高阶星座图如64QAM，128QAM等，并进一步将优先级较高的数据流映射至保护等级高的星座点的比特位上。
通过上述处理之后，发送端即可得到待发送的符号流，并通过自身的发射机发送给接收端。
通常情况下，接收端会通过串行干扰消除(SIC)的方法对所接收的数据进行解调以及解码。然而，接收端在通过SIC重建接收信号的时候，可能会产生误差传播(Error Propagation)的问题。也即，如果接收端在上一编码层发生了误判，经过重建和消除，会把这次误判的影响传播到下一编码层，从而影响下一编码层的解调以及解码，严重时会影响系统的可靠性。因此，为了防止在接收端发生误差传播的情况，本申请的实例还给出了一种数据重组的方法，可以在本申请之前描述的数据重组方法的基础之上执行，以有效防止接收端出现误差传播的情况。
如图4所示，该方法可以包括如下步骤：
步骤401：根据各个编码层的码率以及功率确定各个编码层的等级。
上述步骤401的具体实现可以参考上述步骤301。
步骤402：如果发送端包含多个待发送的数据流，则根据待发送数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级。
上述步骤402的具体实现可以参考上述步骤302。
步骤403：根据多层编码的层数、等级、对应的码率以及各个待发送数据流的优先级对待发送的数据流进行分组，得到L个数据流分组，并将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层，其中，L为所确定的多层编码的层数。
上述步骤403的具体实现可以参考上述步骤303。
步骤404：针对每一个编码层，将等级比该编码层高的编码层对应的待发送数据流并入该编码层对应的待发送数据流，并进行系统编码。
也即，假设第1至l编码层的等级是从高到低排列的。此时，在本步骤中，针对第i编码层，可以将第1至i-1编码层对应的待发送数据流均并入第i编码层的数据流中。也就是说，经过上述处理，任意一个编码层对应的待发送数据将包括等级比该编码层高的所有编码层对应的待发送数据流。
经过上述数据重组后，还应当限定在进行编码时发送端采用系统编码方式。采用系统编码的主要目的是降低后一编码层对前一编码层的干扰，这样，在最终生成的混合信号中，每个编码层对应的符号不会受到等级比该层低的编码层的干扰，也就是说，第一编码层对应符号是不存在层间干扰的，如此，根据SIC的操作方式，已经成功解码得到的一个等级的编码层的信息后，这些信息可以被当作干扰去除掉，继续解码下一等级的编码层的信息，而下一等级的编码层将不包含等级更低的编码层的干扰，从而可以准确地解码出来，因此，通过上述方法，在功率分配已确定的情况下可以大大提高接收端对保护程度较高的编码层的检测精度。
对应上述方法，本申请的实例还提出了一种数据发送装置。图5显示了本申请实例所述的数据发送装置的内部结构。如图5所示，该数据 发送装置包括：
干扰确定模块501，用于获得干扰信号的统计特征；
多层编码参数确定模块502，用于根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；
数据重组模块503，用于根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；
多层编码模块504，用于根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；
层映射模块505，用于根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及
发送模块506，用于发送所述待发送的符号流。
其中，在本申请的一些实例中，上述多层编码参数确定模块502包括：
参数设置单元，用于预先设定多层编码的最大层数L M；
优化单元，用于对应1到最大层数L M，分别计算在不同多层编码的层数时发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大值时的发送端数据的平均传输速率以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率，得到L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率；以及
选择单元，用于从所述L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率中找到发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值，将其对应的编码层数L作为所述多层编码的层数以及将多层编码层数为L时使得发送端数据的平均传输速率最大时的每一个编码层对应的码率{RL}和发射功率{PL}作为所述多层编码每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率。
其中，在本申请的一些实例中，数据重组模块503包括：
编码层等级确定单元，用于确定L个编码层的等级；
数据优先级确定单元，用于根据待发送数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级；以及
映射单元，用于根据多层编码的层数、等级、对应的码率以及待传输数据流的优先级对待发送的数据流进行分组，得到L个数据流分组，并将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层。
其中，在一些实例中，映射单元在将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层之后，针对每一个编码层，进一步将等级比所述编码层高的编码层对应的待发送数据流并入该编码层对应的待发送数据流。且此时，上述所述多层编码模块针对每一个编码层进行系统编码。
其中，在本申请的一些实例中，上述层映射模块504包括：
调制单元，用于分别对各个编码层经过编码的数据流进行星座调制，得到每个编码层对应的待发送的符号流；以及
层映射单元，用于根据各个编码层对应的发射功率进行层映射，分别为各个编码层对应的待发送的符号分配相应的功率，并合并为一个符号流。
其中，在本申请的另一些实例中，上述层映射模块504包括：
星座图设置单元，用于根据各个编码层对应的发射功率设计高阶星座图，其中每个星座点对应于多个编码层的一组联合比特配置；
第一映射单元，用于将多个编码层的数据流联合映射到高阶星座图中的星座点；
高阶调制单元，用于进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
其中，在本申请的又一些实例中，上述层映射模块504包括：
第二映射单元，用于将多个编码层的信息比特联合映射到固定高阶 星座图中的星座点，其中，优先级较高的数据流映射至保护等级高的星座点的比特位上；以及
高阶调制单元，用于进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
在本申请的一些实例中，发送端并不需要精确获知全部的干扰信号，而可以使用干扰信号的统计特征来进行数据编码以及调制，从而可以适用于发送端无法准确获知全部干扰信号的场景，例如，基于Grant-free竞争机制的上行传输方式，其他基于竞争的数据传输方式，不协调传输方式，或者在信道估计错误、信道估计延时等等的场景下。
此外，在本申请的一些实例中，发送端使用多层编码的结构来匹配干扰的统计特征，也即在多层编码时通过联合的功率以及码率分配来匹配干扰，以降低中断概率和/或提升平均数据速率。也就是说，通过使用本申请提供的数据发送方法可以获得更好的数据传输性能。
需要说明的是，上述各流程和各结构图中不是所有的步骤和模块都是必须的，可以根据实际的需要忽略某些步骤或模块。各步骤的执行顺序不是固定的，可以根据需要进行调整。各模块的划分仅仅是为了便于描述采用的功能上的划分，实际实现时，一个模块可以分由多个模块实现，多个模块的功能也可以由同一个模块实现，这些模块可以位于同一个设备中，也可以位于不同的设备中。
另外，上述实施方式的说明中使用的框图示出了以功能为单位的块。这些功能块(结构单元)通过硬件和/或软件的任意组合来实现。此外，各功能块的实现手段并不特别限定。即，各功能块可以通过在物理上和/或逻辑上相结合的一个装置来实现，也可以将在物理上和/或逻辑上相分离的两个以上装置直接地和/或间接地(例如通过有线和/或无线)连接从而通过上述多个装置来实现。
例如，本申请的一实施方式中的无线基站、用户终端等可以作为执 行本申请的无线通信方法的处理的计算机来发挥功能。图6是示出本申请的一实施方式所涉及的无线基站和用户终端的硬件结构的一例的图。上述的无线基站10和用户终端20可以作为在物理上包括处理器1001、内存1002、存储器1003、通信装置1004、输入装置1005、输出装置1006、总线1007等的计算机装置来构成。
另外，在以下的说明中，“装置”这样的文字也可替换为电路、设备、单元等。无线基站10和用户终端20的硬件结构可以包括一个或多个图中所示的各装置，也可以不包括部分装置。
例如，处理器1001仅图示出一个，但也可以为多个处理器。此外，可以通过一个处理器来执行处理，也可以通过一个以上的处理器同时、依次、或采用其它方法来执行处理。另外，处理器1001可以通过一个以上的芯片来安装。
无线基站10和用户终端20中的各功能例如通过如下方式实现：通过将规定的软件(程序)读入到处理器1001、内存1002等硬件上，从而使处理器1001进行运算，对由通信装置1004进行的通信进行控制，并对内存1002和存储器1003中的数据的读出和/或写入进行控制。
处理器1001例如使操作系统进行工作从而对计算机整体进行控制。处理器1001可以由包括与周边装置的接口、控制装置、运算装置、寄存器等的中央处理器(CPU，Central Processing Unit)构成。例如，上述的基带信号处理单元104(204)、呼叫处理单元105等可以通过处理器1001实现。
此外，处理器1001将程序(程序代码)、软件模块、数据等从存储器1003和/或通信装置1004读出到内存1002，并根据它们执行各种处理。作为程序，可以采用使计算机执行在上述实施方式中说明的动作中的至少一部分的程序。例如，用户终端20的控制单元401可以通过保 存在内存1002中并通过处理器1001来工作的控制程序来实现，对于其它功能块，也可以同样地来实现。内存1002是计算机可读取记录介质，例如可以由只读存储器(ROM，Read Only Memory)、可编程只读存储器(EPROM，Erasable Programmable ROM)、电可编程只读存储器(EEPROM，Electrically EPROM)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、其它适当的存储介质中的至少一个来构成。内存1002也可以称为寄存器、高速缓存、主存储器(主存储装置)等。内存1002可以保存用于实施本申请的一实施方式所涉及的无线通信方法的可执行程序(程序代码)、软件模块等。
存储器1003是计算机可读取记录介质，例如可以由软磁盘(flexible disk)、软(注册商标)盘(floppy disk)、磁光盘(例如，只读光盘(CD-ROM(Compact Disc ROM)等)、数字通用光盘、蓝光(Blu-ray，注册商标)光盘)、可移动磁盘、硬盘驱动器、智能卡、闪存设备(例如，卡、棒(stick)、密钥驱动器(key driver))、磁条、数据库、服务器、其它适当的存储介质中的至少一个来构成。存储器1003也可以称为辅助存储装置。
通信装置1004是用于通过有线和/或无线网络进行计算机间的通信的硬件(发送接收设备)，例如也称为网络设备、网络控制器、网卡、通信模块等。通信装置1004为了实现例如频分双工(FDD，Frequency Division Duplex)和/或时分双工(TDD，Time Division Duplex)，可以包括高频开关、双工器、滤波器、频率合成器等。例如，上述的发送接收天线101(201)、放大单元102(202)、发送接收单元103(203)、传输路径接口106等可以通过通信装置1004来实现。
输入装置1005是接受来自外部的输入的输入设备(例如，键盘、鼠标、麦克风、开关、按钮、传感器等)。输出装置1006是实施向外部 的输出的输出设备(例如，显示器、扬声器、发光二极管(LED，Light Emitting Diode)灯等)。另外，输入装置1005和输出装置1006也可以为一体的结构(例如触控面板)。
此外，处理器1001、内存1002等各装置通过用于对信息进行通信的总线1007连接。总线1007可以由单一的总线构成，也可以由装置间不同的总线构成。
此外，无线基站10和用户终端20可以包括微处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP，Digital Signal Processor)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD，Programmable Logic Device)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA，Field Programmable Gate Array)等硬件，可以通过该硬件来实现各功能块的部分或全部。例如，处理器1001可以通过这些硬件中的至少一个来安装。
另外，关于本说明书中说明的用语和/或对本说明书进行理解所需的用语，可以与具有相同或类似含义的用语进行互换。例如，信道和/或符号也可以为信号(信令)。此外，信号也可以为消息。参考信号也可以简称为RS(Reference Signal)，根据所适用的标准，也可以称为导频(Pilot)、导频信号等。此外，分量载波(CC，Component Carrier)也可以称为小区、频率载波、载波频率等。
此外，无线帧在时域中可以由一个或多个期间(帧)构成。构成无线帧的该一个或多个期间(帧)中的每一个也可以称为子帧。进而，子帧在时域中可以由一个或多个时隙构成。子帧可以是不依赖于参数配置(numerology)的固定的时间长度(例如1ms)。
进而，时隙在时域中可以由一个或多个符号(正交频分复用(OFDM，Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)符号、单载波频分多址(SC-FDMA，Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access)符号等) 构成。此外，时隙也可以是基于参数配置的时间单元。此外，时隙还可以包括多个微时隙。各微时隙在时域中可以由一个或多个符号构成。此外，微时隙也可以称为子时隙。
无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号均表示传输信号时的时间单元。无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号也可以使用各自对应的其它名称。例如，一个子帧可以被称为传输时间间隔(TTI，Transmission Time Interval)，多个连续的子帧也可以被称为TTI，一个时隙或一个微时隙也可以被称为TTI。也就是说，子帧和/或TTI可以是LTE中的子帧(1ms)，也可以是短于1ms的期间(例如1～13个符号)，还可以是长于1ms的期间。另外，表示TTI的单元也可以称为时隙、微时隙等而非子帧。
在此，TTI例如是指无线通信中调度的最小时间单元。例如，在LTE系统中，无线基站对各用户终端进行以TTI为单位分配无线资源(在各用户终端中能够使用的频带宽度、发射功率等)的调度。另外，TTI的定义不限于此。
TTI可以是经过信道编码的数据包(传输块)、码块、和/或码字的发送时间单元，也可以是调度、链路适配等的处理单元。另外，在给出TTI时，实际上与传输块、码块、和/或码字映射的时间区间(例如符号数)也可以短于该TTI。
另外，一个时隙或一个微时隙被称为TTI时，一个以上的TTI(即一个以上的时隙或一个以上的微时隙)也可以成为调度的最小时间单元。此外，构成该调度的最小时间单元的时隙数(微时隙数)可以受到控制。
具有1ms时间长度的TTI也可以称为常规TTI(LTE Rel.8-12中的TTI)、标准TTI、长TTI、常规子帧、标准子帧、或长子帧等。短于常规TTI的TTI也可以称为压缩TTI、短TTI、部分TTI(partial或fractional TTI)、压缩子帧、短子帧、微时隙、或子时隙等。
另外，长TTI(例如常规TTI、子帧等)也可以用具有超过1ms的时间长度的TTI来替换，短TTI(例如压缩TTI等)也可以用具有比长TTI的TTI长度短且1ms以上的TTI长度的TTI来替换。
资源块(RB，Resource Block)是时域和频域的资源分配单元，在频域中，可以包括一个或多个连续的副载波(子载波(subcarrier))。此外，RB在时域中可以包括一个或多个符号，也可以为一个时隙、一个微时隙、一个子帧或一个TTI的长度。一个TTI、一个子帧可以分别由一个或多个资源块构成。另外，一个或多个RB也可以称为物理资源块(PRB，Physical RB)、子载波组(SCG，Sub-Carrier Group)、资源单元组(REG，Resource Element Group)、PRG对、RB对等。
此外，资源块也可以由一个或多个资源单元(RE，Resource Element)构成。例如，一个RE可以是一个子载波和一个符号的无线资源区域。
另外，上述的无线帧、子帧、时隙、微时隙以及符号等的结构仅仅为示例。例如，无线帧中包括的子帧数、每个子帧或无线帧的时隙数、时隙内包括的微时隙数、时隙或微时隙中包括的符号和RB的数目、RB中包括的子载波数、以及TTI内的符号数、符号长度、循环前缀(CP，Cyclic Prefix)长度等的结构可以进行各种各样的变更。
此外，本说明书中说明的信息、参数等可以用绝对值来表示，也可以用与规定值的相对值来表示，还可以用对应的其它信息来表示。例如，无线资源可以通过规定的索引来指示。进一步地，使用这些参数的公式等也可以与本说明书中明确公开的不同。
在本说明书中用于参数等的名称在任何方面都并非限定性的。例如，各种各样的信道(物理上行链路控制信道(PUCCH，Physical Uplink Control Channel)、物理下行链路控制信道(PDCCH，Physical Downlink Control Channel)等)和信息单元可以通过任何适当的名称来识别，因 此为这些各种各样的信道和信息单元所分配的各种各样的名称在任何方面都并非限定性的。
本说明书中说明的信息、信号等可以使用各种各样不同技术中的任意一种来表示。例如，在上述的全部说明中可能提及的数据、命令、指令、信息、信号、比特、符号、芯片等可以通过电压、电流、电磁波、磁场或磁性粒子、光场或光子、或者它们的任意组合来表示。
此外，信息、信号等可以从上层向下层、和/或从下层向上层输出。信息、信号等可以经由多个网络节点进行输入或输出。
输入或输出的信息、信号等可以保存在特定的场所(例如内存)，也可以通过管理表进行管理。输入或输出的信息、信号等可以被覆盖、更新或补充。输出的信息、信号等可以被删除。输入的信息、信号等可以被发往其它装置。
信息的通知并不限于本说明书中说明的方式/实施方式，也可以通过其它方法进行。例如，信息的通知可以通过物理层信令(例如，下行链路控制信息(DCI，Downlink Control Information)、上行链路控制信息(UCI，Uplink Control Information))、上层信令(例如，无线资源控制(RRC，Radio Resource Control)信令、广播信息(主信息块(MIB，Master Information Block)、系统信息块(SIB，System Information Block)等)、媒体存取控制(MAC，Medium Access Control)信令)、其它信号或者它们的组合来实施。
另外，物理层信令也可以称为L1/L2(第1层/第2层)控制信息(L1/L2控制信号)、L1控制信息(L1控制信号)等。此外，RRC信令也可以称为RRC消息，例如可以为RRC连接建立(RRC Connection Setup)消息、RRC连接重配置(RRC Connection Reconfiguration)消息等。此外，MAC信令例如可以通过MAC控制单元(MAC CE(Control Element)) 来通知。
此外，规定信息的通知(例如，“为X”的通知)并不限于显式地进行，也可以隐式地(例如，通过不进行该规定信息的通知，或者通过其它信息的通知)进行。
关于判定，可以通过由1比特表示的值(0或1)来进行，也可以通过由真(true)或假(false)表示的真假值(布尔值)来进行，还可以通过数值的比较(例如与规定值的比较)来进行。
软件无论被称为软件、固件、中间件、微代码、硬件描述语言，还是以其它名称来称呼，都应宽泛地解释为是指命令、命令集、代码、代码段、程序代码、程序、子程序、软件模块、应用程序、软件应用程序、软件包、例程、子例程、对象、可执行文件、执行线程、步骤、功能等。
此外，软件、命令、信息等可以经由传输介质被发送或接收。例如，当使用有线技术(同轴电缆、光缆、双绞线、数字用户线路(DSL，Digital Subscriber Line)等)和/或无线技术(红外线、微波等)从网站、服务器、或其它远程资源发送软件时，这些有线技术和/或无线技术包括在传输介质的定义内。
本说明书中使用的“系统”和“网络”这样的用语可以互换使用。
在本说明书中，“基站(BS，Base Station)”、“无线基站”、“eNB”、“gNB”、“小区”、“扇区”、“小区组”、“载波”以及“分量载波”这样的用语可以互换使用。基站有时也以固定台(fixed station)、NodeB、eNodeB(eNB)、接入点(access point)、发送点、接收点、毫微微小区、小小区等用语来称呼。
基站可以容纳一个或多个(例如三个)小区(也称为扇区)。当基站容纳多个小区时，基站的整个覆盖区域可以划分为多个更小的区域，每个更小的区域也可以通过基站子系统(例如，室内用小型基站(射频 拉远头(RRH，Remote Radio Head)))来提供通信服务。“小区”或“扇区”这样的用语是指在该覆盖中进行通信服务的基站和/或基站子系统的覆盖区域的一部分或整体。
在本说明书中，“移动台(MS，Mobile Station)”、“用户终端(user terminal)”、“用户装置(UE，User Equipment)”以及“终端”这样的用语可以互换使用。基站有时也以固定台(fixed station)、NodeB、eNodeB(eNB)、接入点(access point)、发送点、接收点、毫微微小区、小小区等用语来称呼。
移动台有时也被本领域技术人员以用户台、移动单元、用户单元、无线单元、远程单元、移动设备、无线设备、无线通信设备、远程设备、移动用户台、接入终端、移动终端、无线终端、远程终端、手持机、用户代理、移动客户端、客户端或者若干其它适当的用语来称呼。
此外，本说明书中的无线基站也可以用用户终端来替换。例如，对于将无线基站和用户终端间的通信替换为多个用户终端间(D2D，Device-to-Device)的通信的结构，也可以应用本申请的各方式/实施方式。此时，可以将上述的无线基站10所具有的功能当作用户终端20所具有的功能。此外，“上行”和“下行”等文字也可以替换为“侧”。例如，上行信道也可以替换为侧信道。
同样，本说明书中的用户终端也可以用无线基站来替换。此时，可以将上述的用户终端20所具有的功能当作无线基站10所具有的功能。
在本说明书中，设为通过基站进行的特定动作根据情况有时也通过其上级节点(upper node)来进行。显然，在具有基站的由一个或多个网络节点(network nodes)构成的网络中，为了与终端间的通信而进行的各种各样的动作可以通过基站、除基站之外的一个以上的网络节点(可以考虑例如移动管理实体(MME，Mobility Management Entity)、 服务网关(S-GW，Serving-Gateway)等，但不限于此)、或者它们的组合来进行。
本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式可以单独使用，也可以组合使用，还可以在执行过程中进行切换来使用。此外，本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式的处理步骤、序列、流程图等只要没有矛盾，就可以更换顺序。例如，关于本说明书中说明的方法，以示例性的顺序给出了各种各样的步骤单元，而并不限定于给出的特定顺序。
本说明书中说明的各方式/实施方式可以应用于利用长期演进(LTE，Long Term Evolution)、高级长期演进(LTE-A，LTE-Advanced)、超越长期演进(LTE-B，LTE-Beyond)、超级第3代移动通信系统(SUPER 3G)、高级国际移动通信(IMT-Advanced)、第4代移动通信系统(4G，4th generation mobile communication system)、第5代移动通信系统(5G，5th generation mobile communication system)、未来无线接入(FRA，Future Radio Access)、新无线接入技术(New-RAT，Radio Access Technology)、新无线(NR，New Radio)、新无线接入(NX，New radio access)、新一代无线接入(FX，Future generation radio access)、全球移动通信系统(GSM(注册商标)，Global System for Mobile communications)、码分多址接入2000(CDMA2000)、超级移动宽带(UMB，Ultra Mobile Broadband)、IEEE 802.11(Wi-Fi(注册商标))、IEEE 802.16(WiMAX(注册商标))、IEEE 802.20、超宽带(UWB，Ultra-WideBand)、蓝牙(Bluetooth(注册商标))、其它适当的无线通信方法的系统和/或基于它们而扩展的下一代系统。
本说明书中使用的“根据”这样的记载，只要未在其它段落中明确记载，则并不意味着“仅根据”。换言之，“根据”这样的记载是指“仅根据”和“至少根据”这两者。
本说明书中使用的对使用“第一”、“第二”等名称的单元的任何参照，均非全面限定这些单元的数量或顺序。这些名称可以作为区别两个以上单元的便利方法而在本说明书中使用。因此，第一单元和第二单元的参照并不意味着仅可采用两个单元或者第一单元必须以若干形式占先于第二单元。
本说明书中使用的“判断(确定)(determining)”这样的用语有时包含多种多样的动作。例如，关于“判断(确定)”，可以将计算(calculating)、推算(computing)、处理(processing)、推导(deriving)、调查(investigating)、搜索(looking up)(例如表、数据库、或其它数据结构中的搜索)、确认(ascertaining)等视为是进行“判断(确定)”。此外，关于“判断(确定)”，也可以将接收(receiving)(例如接收信息)、发送(transmitting)(例如发送信息)、输入(input)、输出(output)、存取(accessing)(例如存取内存中的数据)等视为是进行“判断(确定)”。此外，关于“判断(确定)”，还可以将解决(resolving)、选择(selecting)、选定(choosing)、建立(establishing)、比较(comparing)等视为是进行“判断(确定)”。也就是说，关于“判断(确定)”，可以将若干动作视为是进行“判断(确定)”。
本说明书中使用的“连接的(connected)”、“结合的(coupled)”这样的用语或者它们的任何变形是指两个或两个以上单元间的直接的或间接的任何连接或结合，可以包括以下情况：在相互“连接”或“结合”的两个单元间，存在一个或一个以上的中间单元。单元间的结合或连接可以是物理上的，也可以是逻辑上的，或者还可以是两者的组合。例如，“连接”也可以替换为“接入”。在本说明书中使用时，可以认为两个单元是通过使用一个或一个以上的电线、线缆、和/或印刷电气连接，以及作为若干非限定性且非穷尽性的示例，通过使用具有射频区域、微波区域、和/或光(可见光及不可见光这两者)区域的波长的电磁能等，被相互“连 接”或“结合”。
在本说明书或权利要求书中使用“包括(including)”、“包含(comprising)”、以及它们的变形时，这些用语与用语“具备”同样是开放式的。进一步地，在本说明书或权利要求书中使用的用语“或(or)”并非是异或。
以上对本申请进行了详细说明，但对于本领域技术人员而言，显然，本申请并非限定于本说明书中说明的实施方式。本申请在不脱离由权利要求书的记载所确定的本申请的宗旨和范围的前提下，可以作为修改和变更方式来实施。因此，本说明书的记载是以示例说明为目的，对本申请而言并非具有任何限制性的意义。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种数据发送方法，其中，所述方法包括：
    获得干扰信号的统计特征；
    根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；
    根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；
    根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对每个编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；
    根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及
    发送所述待发送的符号流。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获得干扰信号的统计特征包括：预先确定信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型，根据信道的相关信息以及预先确定的信道中干扰信号的统计分布模型估计干扰信号的统计特征。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获得干扰信号的统计特征包括：根据用户的业务模型、传输功率模型和位置分布模型，分析信道中同时传输的用户个数和位置的概率密度分布以及信道中的总体发送功率获得干扰信号的统计特征。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述获得干扰信号的统计特征包括：
    建立机器学习模型，其中，所述机器学习模型的输入是每次获得的瞬时干扰信号，输出为干扰信号的统计分布；以及
    根据瞬时干扰信号持续更新所述机器学习模型，在所述机器学习模 型的输出收敛时，获得的干扰信号统计特征。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率包括：
    预先设定多层编码的最大层数L M。
    多层编码的层数从1到最大层数L M，分别计算在不同多层编码的层数时发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大值时的发送端数据的平均传输速率以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率，得到L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率；以及
    从所述L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率中找到发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值，将其对应的编码层数L作为所述多层编码的层数以及将多层编码层数为L时使得发送端数据的平均传输速率最大时的每一个编码层对应的码率{RL}和发射功率{PL}作为所述多层编码每一个编码层对应的码率和发射功率，其中{RL}和{PL}分别为包含L个元素的数组，{RL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的码率，{PL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的发射功率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述计算在不同多层编码的层数时发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大值时的发送端数据的平均传输速率以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率包括：
    在确定L的条件下，最大化如下代表发送端数据的平均传输速率的最大值的表达式，从而确定λ i以及R i：
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100001
    其中，I为干扰信号的平均功率，f(I)为干扰信号的平均功率的统 计分布；M(I,λ i,R i,i＝1...L,Rx)为收益函数，其中λ i为第i个编码层的功率分配因子，R i为第i个编码层的码率；其中，M(I,λ i,R i,i＝1...L,Rx)为在某种接收策略Rx和干扰I下，各层采用功率分配因子λ i和码率配置R i的条件下获得的收益。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述接收策略Rx为对每个编码层做串行干扰消除SIC接收，收益目标为发送端数据可靠传输的瞬时容量，则所述收益函数通过如下表达式得到：
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100002
    其中，L为多层编码的层数；
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100003
    P为发送端的发送功率；N为噪声功率；Θ(·)是示性函数，当括号中表述为真时，取值为1；反之，取值为0。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组包括：
    确定L个编码层的等级；
    根据待发送数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级；以及
    根据多层编码的层数、等级、对应的码率以及待传输数据流的优先级对待发送的数据流进行分组，得到L个数据流分组，并将L个数据流 分组映射至L个编码层。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述方法进一步包括：在将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层之后，针对每一个编码层，将等级比所述编码层高的编码层对应的待发送数据流并入该编码层对应的待发送数据流，并进行系统编码。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码包括：在得到各个编码层对应的信息比特以及各个编码层对应的码率之后，针对每个编码层，通过单层编码分别对各个编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制得到待发送的符号流包括：
    分别对各个编码层经过编码的数据流进行星座调制，得到每个编码层对应的待发送的符号流；以及
    根据各个编码层对应的发射功率进行层映射，分别为各个编码层对应的待发送的符号分配相应的功率，并合并为一个符号流。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述层映射通过如下公式得到：
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100004
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100005
    为经过调制的第l个符号流，
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100006
    为第l个编码层对应的发射功率分配因子；
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100007
    为第l个编码层对应的星座图旋转角度；χ t(λ t,θ t)代表根据括号内参数配置可以得到的接收端的总和星座图。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述旋转角度
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100008
    设置为0 或通过求解下述优化问题得到：
    Figure PCTCN2018081789-appb-100009
    其中，x 1为接收端总和星座图中的某一个点；x 2为接收端总和星座图中的某一个点；σ 2代表噪声；χ t(λ t,θ t)代表根据括号内参数配置可以得到的接收端的总和星座图。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制得到待发送的符号流包括：
    根据各个编码层对应的发射功率设计高阶星座图，其中每个星座点对应于多个编码层的一组联合比特配置；
    将多个编码层的信息比特联合映射到高阶星座图中的星座点；以及
    进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制得到待发送的符号流包括：
    将多个编码层的信息比特联合映射到固定高阶星座图中的星座点，其中，优先级较高的信息比特映射至保护等级高的星座点的比特位上；以及
    进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
  16. 一种数据发送装置，其中，所述数据发送装置包括：
    处理器；
    与所述处理器相连接的存储器；所述存储器中存储有机器可读指令模块；所述机器可读指令模块包括：
    干扰确定模块，用于获得干扰信号的统计特征；
    多层编码参数确定模块，用于根据干扰信号的统计特征确定多层编码的层数以及每个编码层对应的码率和发射功率；
    数据重组模块，用于根据确定的多层编码的层数对待发送的信息比特进行数据重组，得到对应各个编码层的信息比特；
    多层编码模块，用于根据确定的每个编码层的码率分别对该编码层的信息比特进行编码，得到各个编码层对应的编码后的数据流；
    层映射模块，用于根据确定的每个编码层的发射功率对各个编码层编码后的数据流进行层映射以及调制，得到待发送的符号流；以及
    发送模块，用于发送所述待发送的符号流。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述多层编码参数确定模块包括：
    参数设置单元，用于预先设定多层编码的最大层数L M；
    优化单元，用于对应1到最大层数L M，分别计算在不同多层编码的层数时发送端数据的平均传输速率达到最大值时的发送端数据的平均传输速率以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率，得到L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率；以及
    选择单元，用于从所述L M组发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值以及对应的每一个编码层的码率和发射功率中找到发送端数据的平均传输速率最大值，将其对应的编码层数L作为所述多层编码的层数以及将多层编码层数为L时使得发送端数据的平均传输速率最大时的每一个编码层对应的码率{RL}和发射功率{PL}作为所述多层编码每一个编码层 对应的码率和发射功率，其中{RL}和{PL}分别为包含L个元素的数组，{RL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的码率，{PL}包含从第1个编码层到第L个编码层对应的发射功率。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述数据重组模块包括：
    编码层等级确定单元，用于确定L个编码层的等级；
    数据优先级确定单元，用于根据待发送数据流的重要程度确定各个待发送数据流的优先级；以及
    映射单元，用于根据多层编码的层数、等级、对应的码率以及待传输数据流的优先级对待发送的数据流进行分组，得到L个数据流分组，并将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述映射单元在将L个数据流分组映射至L个编码层之后，针对每一个编码层，进一步将等级比所述编码层高的编码层对应的待发送数据流并入该编码层对应的待发送数据流；
    所述多层编码模块针对每一个编码层进行系统编码。
  20. 根据权利要求16所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述层映射模块包括：
    调制单元，用于分别对各个编码层经过编码的数据流进行星座调制，得到每个编码层对应的待发送的符号流；以及
    层映射单元，用于根据各个编码层对应的发射功率进行层映射，分别为各个编码层对应的待发送的符号分配相应的功率，并合并为一个符号流。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述层映射模块包括：
    星座图设置单元，用于根据各个编码层对应的发射功率设计高阶星座图，其中每个星座点对应于多个编码层的一组联合比特配置；
    第一映射单元，用于将多个编码层的数据流联合映射到高阶星座图中的星座点；
    高阶调制单元，用于进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的数据发送装置，其中，所述层映射模块包括：
    第二映射单元，用于将多个编码层的信息比特联合映射到固定高阶星座图中的星座点，其中，优先级较高的数据流映射至保护等级高的星座点的比特位上；以及
    高阶调制单元，用于进行高阶星座调制，得到的待发送的符号流。
  23. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机指令，其中，所述计算机指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1至15中任一项所述方法的步骤。
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