WO2018228073A1 - 阳极铜生产方法及装置 - Google Patents

阳极铜生产方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228073A1
WO2018228073A1 PCT/CN2018/085309 CN2018085309W WO2018228073A1 WO 2018228073 A1 WO2018228073 A1 WO 2018228073A1 CN 2018085309 W CN2018085309 W CN 2018085309W WO 2018228073 A1 WO2018228073 A1 WO 2018228073A1
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Prior art keywords
copper
furnace
anode
making
slag
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/085309
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李东波
陆志方
李兵
梁帅表
尉克俭
刘诚
黎敏
茹洪顺
蒋继穆
曹珂菲
张海鑫
颜杰
李锋
陆金忠
周钢
刘恺
Original Assignee
中国恩菲工程技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201710449064.3A external-priority patent/CN107227410A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710449049.9A external-priority patent/CN107326195A/zh
Application filed by 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 filed Critical 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司
Publication of WO2018228073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228073A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
    • C22B19/20—Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/16—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/04—Working-up slag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/02—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces with two or more shafts or chambers, e.g. multi-storey
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/04—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces of multiple-hearth type; of multiple-chamber type; Combinations of hearth-type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/02—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type
    • F27B7/04—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined of multiple-chamber or multiple-drum type with longitudinal divisions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of copper smelting, and in particular to an anode copper production method and apparatus.
  • the traditional fire method copper smelting process includes three steps of smelting, blowing and refining, wherein the smelting furnace smelts copper concentrate into 40-60% copper-copper (also called copper bismuth) containing copper; Copper is blown into blister copper; the refining furnace (anode furnace) refines the blister copper into anode copper, and then sends it to electrolysis to produce a cathode copper plate.
  • the production process requires two steps of blowing and refining from copper crucible to anode copper. The production process is long, the efficiency is low, and the cost is relatively high.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to provide a method and an apparatus for producing an anode copper, which solves the problems of the prior art that the copper beryllium to anode copper production process is too long, the efficiency is low, and the production cost is high.
  • an anode copper production method comprising the steps of: transporting a copper crucible into a copper making furnace, and injecting oxygen-enriched air into the copper crucible in the copper making furnace The oxidation treatment is performed to cause the copper beryllium to carry out a copper-forming reaction to form an anode copper; wherein the volume percentage of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30 to 80%.
  • the cold material is simultaneously added to the copper-making furnace, and/or the water mist is sprayed into the copper-making furnace, and/or the cooling element is disposed outside the furnace body of the copper-making furnace; It includes one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper and solid copper.
  • the metal copper and the copper-making slag are obtained, and when the oxygen in the metal copper in the copper-making furnace is less than 0.2% by weight, the copper slag is discharged.
  • Copper furnace metal copper as anode copper; when the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains more than 0.2wt% oxygen, the copper slag is discharged into the coppermaking furnace, and then a reducing agent is introduced into the coppermaking furnace to the metal copper.
  • the copper oxide impurities in the reduction reaction are carried out to obtain an anode copper.
  • the flux is added from the top of the copper making furnace; at the same time, the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the copper making furnace by the bottom blowing method for oxidation treatment, or optionally sprayed
  • the reducing agent is subjected to a reduction reaction.
  • the flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone.
  • the reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and a solid carbon-based reducing agent.
  • the solid carbon-based reducing agent is pulverized coal and/or lump coal.
  • the copper content of the copper matte is 70% by weight or more.
  • the copper content of the copper matte is 70 to 78% by weight.
  • an anode copper production apparatus comprising a copper-making furnace provided with a copper crucible inlet and a copper-making slag outlet, and a copper-making furnace for copper-making reaction of the copper crucible To generate anode copper and copper slag; the anode copper production device further comprises a spray gun, which is arranged at the side or the bottom of the copper making furnace, and is used for injecting oxygen into the copper making furnace by 30-80% by volume. Air and optional reducing agent.
  • the copper making furnace is also provided with a flux inlet for introducing a flux.
  • the furnace body of the copper making furnace is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.
  • the copper making furnace is further provided with a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residual, waste copper and solid copper to the copper making furnace.
  • the anode copper production apparatus further includes a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace.
  • the cooling device is a negative pressure water jacket device or a water spray mist cooling device.
  • the water spray device is used to spray water mist into the inside of the furnace body of the copper making furnace.
  • the copper making furnace is further provided with an anode copper outlet;
  • the anode copper production device is further provided with a casting device, and the casting device is connected with the anode copper outlet for casting the anode copper.
  • the casting apparatus is a double disc casting machine.
  • the copper crucible is transported into a copper making furnace, and oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the copper-making furnace to oxidize the copper crucible, so that the copper crucible is subjected to a copper-making reaction to form an anode.
  • Copper wherein the volume percentage of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30 to 80%.
  • the invention oxidizes the copper ruthenium in a high oxygen-rich state to cause a copper-making reaction, and can be converted from copper ruthenium to anode copper in one step, which greatly simplifies the production process of the anode copper and improves the production efficiency of the anode copper. And save production costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a copper making furnace provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an anode copper production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the structure of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a short-flow copper smelting system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present invention provides an anode copper production method comprising the steps of: transporting a copper crucible into a copper making furnace, and injecting oxygen-enriched air into the copper making furnace to oxidize the copper crucible to The copper crucible is subjected to a copper-forming reaction to form an anode copper; wherein the volume percentage of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air is 30 to 80%.
  • the invention oxidizes the copper ruthenium in a high oxygen-rich state to cause a copper-making reaction, and can be converted from copper ruthenium to anode copper in one step, which greatly simplifies the production process of the anode copper and improves the production efficiency of the anode copper. And save production costs.
  • the above copper-making reaction is used to directly produce anode copper.
  • the cold material is simultaneously added to the copper-making furnace, and/or the water mist is sprayed into the copper-making furnace, and/or disposed outside the furnace body of the copper-making furnace.
  • a cooling element wherein the cold material comprises one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • CN103382528 proposes a two-step copper smelting process, which first melts copper concentrate into 65-78% copper-copper in a smelting furnace, and then directly produces an anode by oxidation-reduction reaction in a converting furnace. copper.
  • This method mainly has the problem of heat balance and the flue gas problem brought about by it: the redox reaction in the blowing furnace emits a large amount of heat, which must be carried away in some way to maintain the heat balance; the process regulates oxygen, air, The amount of nitrogen, the heat of reaction is carried away by the gas, so the total amount of gas injected must be more, and the relative oxygen concentration is necessarily lower, which makes the amount of flue gas large, and the sulfur dioxide content in the flue gas is very low. Therefore, the subsequent flue gas treatment system and the acid production system are large in scale, large in investment, and high in operating cost.
  • the patent does not indicate how to achieve a copper-copper grade of 65 to 78% in the melting furnace.
  • the present invention adopts the method of adding cold material to the copper making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper making furnace, and/or cooling outside the furnace body of the copper making furnace.
  • the thermal balance of the components are as follows:
  • the added cold material may be one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • waste copper electrolytic residual copper
  • solid copper waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • copper smelting plants use separate metallurgical furnaces to melt and refine secondary copper materials such as waste copper and electrolytic residual copper. This requires not only additional fuel to heat the cold material, but more importantly, the purchase of separate equipment. The construction of separate workshops and the configuration of individual workers has greatly increased the operating costs of the plant.
  • a water jacket which is also for heat dissipation to achieve heat balance of the furnace body.
  • the injection of water mist has the following advantages: 1) Control the furnace temperature more effectively. Since the gasification of water can absorb a large amount of heat, a small change in the amount of water injected can cause a large change in heat, so that the furnace temperature can be controlled more accurately and effectively; 2) the life of the spray gun is extended.
  • the gas injected into the spray gun is less than the low oxygen enrichment concentration, the working strength of the spray gun is low, and the cooling effect of the water can also extend the life of the spray gun itself; 3) 40% rich
  • the oxygen concentration can be nearly 1 times higher than the low oxygen rich concentration (21% to 25%).
  • the high oxygen enrichment concentration (for example, 40%) can handle nearly twice as much material; 4) low energy consumption and low power consumption.
  • the power of the water spray device is much smaller than the size of the device that is blasted into the air.
  • the copper-making furnace of the present invention can be carried out under conditions of high oxygen-rich concentration blowing.
  • the metal copper and the copper-making slag are obtained, and when the metal copper in the copper-making furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, The copper slag is discharged into the copper making furnace, and the metal copper is used as the anode copper; when the metal copper in the copper making furnace contains more than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, the copper slag is discharged into the copper making furnace and then introduced into the copper making furnace.
  • the reducing agent reduces the copper oxide impurities in the metallic copper to obtain an anode copper.
  • the purpose of the copper-making reaction is to remove sulfur and other impurities from the copper crucible to obtain a qualified anode copper.
  • the impurity removal process mainly uses an oxidation reaction to oxidize impurities in copper to remove slag.
  • the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, on the one hand, it is indicated that the impurities are more sufficiently oxidized and enter the copper slag, and on the other hand, the copper is substantially not subjected to peroxidation.
  • the process of the copper-making reaction in the process of the copper-making reaction, the process of oxidizing only does not reduce, and the anode copper can be directly obtained.
  • the oxygen contained in the metallic copper in the copper-making furnace is higher than 0.2% by weight, it is indicated that part of the copper is oxidized while removing impurities.
  • a reducing agent may be further added to carry out a reduction reaction of these copper oxide impurities.
  • the reduction reaction is carried out after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, and it is also possible to prevent the impurities previously oxidized and slag from being dissolved back into the metallic copper, thereby further ensuring the grade of the anode copper.
  • the flux is added from the top of the copper making furnace; meanwhile, the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed into the copper making furnace for oxidation treatment by bottom blowing.
  • a reducing agent may be sprayed to carry out the reduction reaction.
  • the flux is selected from the group consisting of quartz and/or limestone.
  • the reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and solid carbon-based reducing agent, and the solid carbon-based reducing agent is preferably pulverized coal and/or lump coal.
  • the copper content of the copper matte is 70% by weight or more, which can avoid the problem that the copper slag amount is too large due to the copper content of the copper matte is too high, and the copper straightness caused by the copper crucible is prevented.
  • the copper content of the copper ruthenium is 70 to 78% by weight, which can further avoid the problem that the copper content of the smelting slag is too high due to the excessive copper content of the first copper ruthenium, and the problem of low copper direct yield is prevented. .
  • the copper bismuth contains copper at 70 to 78%, elements such as lead, zinc and bismuth enter the smelting slag in the form of an oxide, which facilitates subsequent recovery of these elements from the CR furnace. If the copper bismuth contains low copper, such as 40-50%, some of these elements will remain in the copper bismuth, which is not conducive to subsequent recovery from the CR furnace.
  • an anode copper production apparatus as shown in FIG. 1, which comprises a copper making furnace 20 provided with a copper crucible inlet and a copper making slag outlet, and a copper making furnace 20 It is used for copper-making reaction of copper bismuth to generate anode copper and copper slag; the anode copper production device further comprises a spray gun which is arranged at the side or the bottom of the copper-making furnace 20 for injecting oxygen into the copper-making furnace 20.
  • the volume percentage is 30 to 80% of oxygen-enriched air and an optional reducing agent.
  • the production device provided by the invention can perform copper-making reaction on copper bismuth in a high oxygen-rich state, and can convert copper bismuth into anode copper in one step, which greatly simplifies the production process of anode copper, improves the production efficiency of anode copper, and saves Production costs.
  • the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains less than 0.2% oxygen
  • the impurities are more sufficiently oxidized and enter the copper slag
  • the copper is substantially not subjected to peroxidation.
  • the process of the copper-making reaction in the process of the copper-making reaction, the process of oxidizing only does not reduce, and the anode copper can be directly obtained.
  • the oxygen content in the metallic copper in the copper-making furnace is higher than 0.2%, it indicates that some copper is oxidized while removing impurities.
  • a reducing agent may be further added to carry out a reduction reaction of these copper oxide impurities.
  • the reduction reaction is carried out after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, and it is also possible to prevent the impurities previously oxidized and slag from being dissolved back into the metallic copper, thereby further ensuring the grade of the anode copper.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is also provided with a flux inlet for introducing a flux.
  • a flux inlet for introducing a flux.
  • the introduction of a flux facilitates further improvement of the grade of the anode copper.
  • the furnace body of the copper making furnace 20 is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residuals, scrap copper and solid copper crucibles to the copper making furnace 20.
  • the anode copper production apparatus further includes a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace 20. More preferably, the cooling device is a vacuum water jacket device or a water mist cooling device. Further preferably, the water spray device is used to spray water mist into the inside of the furnace body of the copper making furnace 20.
  • CN103382528 proposes a two-step copper smelting process, which first melts copper concentrate into 65-78% copper-copper in a smelting furnace, and then directly produces an anode by oxidation-reduction reaction in a converting furnace. copper.
  • This method mainly has the problem of heat balance and the flue gas problem brought about by it: the redox reaction in the blowing furnace emits a large amount of heat, which must be carried away in some way to maintain the heat balance; the process regulates oxygen, air, The amount of nitrogen, the heat of reaction is carried away by the gas, so the total amount of gas injected must be more, and the relative oxygen concentration is necessarily lower, which makes the amount of flue gas large, and the sulfur dioxide content in the flue gas is very low. Therefore, the subsequent flue gas treatment system and the acid production system are large in scale, large in investment, and high in operating cost.
  • the patent does not indicate how to achieve a copper-copper grade of 65 to 78% in the melting furnace.
  • the present invention adopts the method of adding cold material to the copper making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper making furnace, and/or cooling outside the furnace body of the copper making furnace.
  • the thermal balance of the components are as follows:
  • the added cold material may be one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • waste copper electrolytic residual copper
  • solid copper waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • copper smelting plants use separate metallurgical furnaces to melt and refine secondary copper materials such as waste copper and electrolytic residual copper. This requires not only additional fuel to heat the cold material, but more importantly, the purchase of separate equipment. The construction of separate workshops and the configuration of individual workers has greatly increased the operating costs of the plant.
  • a water jacket which is also for heat dissipation to achieve heat balance of the furnace body.
  • the injection of water mist has the following advantages: 1) Control the furnace temperature more effectively. Since the gasification of water can absorb a large amount of heat, a small change in the amount of water injected can cause a large change in heat, so that the furnace temperature can be controlled more accurately and effectively; 2) the life of the spray gun is extended.
  • the gas injected into the spray gun is less than the low oxygen enrichment concentration, the working strength of the spray gun is low, and the cooling effect of the water can also extend the life of the spray gun itself; 3) 40% rich
  • the oxygen concentration can be nearly 1 times higher than the low oxygen rich concentration (21% to 25%).
  • the high oxygen enrichment concentration (for example, 40%) can handle nearly twice as much material; 4) low energy consumption and low power consumption.
  • the power of the water spray device is much smaller than the size of the device that is blasted into the air.
  • the copper-making furnace of the present invention can be carried out under conditions of high oxygen-rich concentration blowing.
  • the obtained anode copper is a copper melt.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with an anode copper outlet; the anode copper production device is further provided with a casting device 40, and the casting device 40 is in communication with the anode copper outlet for the anode Copper is cast.
  • the copper melt can be further cast by forming the casting apparatus 40 to form a product such as an anode copper plate. More preferably, the casting apparatus 40 is a double disc casting machine.
  • the present application proposes a short-process copper smelting method, which comprises a smelting furnace, a copper-making furnace, a CR furnace, a first flow tank and a second flow tank; the smelting furnace is provided with a copper sputum outlet And the smelting slag outlet; the copper making furnace is provided with a copper crucible inlet, the copper crucible inlet is connected to the copper crucible outlet through the first laundering tank; the CR furnace is provided with a molten slag inlet, and the molten slag inlet is connected to the melting slag outlet through the second laundering;
  • the process copper smelting method comprises the steps of: smelting a copper concentrate in a smelting furnace to obtain a first copper slag and a smelting slag; and performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper bismuth in a copper-making furnace to generate an anode copper and a copper slag And
  • noise slag means: slag that does not cause heavy metal contamination.
  • the CR furnace is called a fully recycled furnace.
  • the copper smelting method of the present invention adopts a copper-plating device with a pick-up type, and the copper bismuth end of the smelting furnace is directly connected to the copper-making furnace through the launder, and the smelting furnace is discharged.
  • the slag end is directly connected to the CR furnace through the launder, which realizes short-process copper smelting.
  • the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace comprises: mixing the copper concentrate with the first flux to obtain a mixture; and feeding the mixture into the smelting furnace at the first oxidizing agent Melting is carried out under the action to obtain a first copper crucible and a smelting slag.
  • the bottom blowing smelting method or the side blowing smelting method is employed in the smelting process. The use of the bottom blowing smelting method or the side blowing smelting method can further improve the copper enamel grade.
  • the first flux is selected from quartz stone and/or limestone; the first oxidant is selected from one or more of oxygen, compressed air, and oxygen-enriched air.
  • oxygen-enriched air refers to a gas having a concentration of oxygen greater than the concentration of oxygen in the air, such as may be obtained by incorporating oxygen into the air.
  • the first oxidizing agent in the step of smelting the copper concentrate in the smelting furnace, is injected in an amount corresponding to 120 Nm 3 or more of O 2 per ton of copper concentrate to make the copper of the first copper bismuth.
  • the content is 70% by weight or more.
  • the injection amount of the first oxidant is controlled to be 120 Nm 3 or more and O 2 per ton of copper concentrate, so that the copper content of the first copper ruthenium is 70% by weight or more, thereby avoiding the copper content of the first copper ruthenium being too low.
  • the problem of the large amount of copper slag caused is to prevent the problem of low copper yield due to it.
  • the first oxidizing agent is injected in an amount of 120 to 200 Nm 3 O 2 per ton of copper concentrate so that the copper content of the first copper cerium is 70 to 78% by weight, which can further avoid the copper content of the first copper ruthenium.
  • the high smelting slag copper contains an excessively high problem, preventing the problem of low copper yield.
  • elements such as lead, zinc and bismuth enter the smelting slag in the form of oxides, which facilitates subsequent recovery of these elements from the CR furnace. If the copper bismuth contains low copper, such as 40-50%, some of these elements will remain in the copper bismuth, which is not conducive to subsequent recovery from the CR furnace.
  • the cooled copper-making slag is put into a melting furnace and smelted together with the copper concentrate.
  • the melting temperature in the smelting process is 1150 to 1300 ° C
  • the first flux is added in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight based on the total weight of the copper ore.
  • the step of performing a copper-making reaction on the first copper crucible in the copper-making furnace further comprises: simultaneously adding cold material to the copper-making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper-making furnace, And/or providing a cooling element outside the furnace body of the coppermaking furnace; wherein the cold material comprises one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper and solid copper.
  • CN103382528 proposes a two-step copper smelting process, which first melts copper concentrate into 65-78% copper-copper in a smelting furnace, and then directly produces an anode by oxidation-reduction reaction in a converting furnace. copper.
  • This method mainly has the problem of heat balance and the flue gas problem brought about by it: the redox reaction in the blowing furnace emits a large amount of heat, which must be carried away in some way to maintain the heat balance; the process regulates oxygen, air, The amount of nitrogen, the heat of reaction is carried away by the gas, so the total amount of gas injected must be more, and the relative oxygen concentration is necessarily lower, which makes the amount of flue gas large, and the sulfur dioxide content in the flue gas is very low. Therefore, the subsequent flue gas treatment system and the acid production system are large in scale, large in investment, and high in operating cost.
  • the patent does not indicate how to achieve a copper-copper grade of 65 to 78% in the melting furnace.
  • the present invention adopts the method of adding cold material to the copper making furnace, and/or spraying water mist into the copper making furnace, and/or cooling outside the furnace body of the copper making furnace.
  • the thermal balance of the components are as follows:
  • the added cold material may be one or more of waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • waste copper electrolytic residual copper
  • solid copper waste copper, electrolytic residual copper, and solid copper.
  • copper smelting plants use separate metallurgical furnaces to melt and refine secondary copper materials such as waste copper and electrolytic residual copper. This requires not only additional fuel to heat the cold material, but more importantly, the purchase of separate equipment. The construction of separate workshops and the configuration of individual workers has greatly increased the operating costs of the plant.
  • a water jacket which is also for heat dissipation to achieve heat balance of the furnace body.
  • the injection of water mist has the following advantages: 1) Control the furnace temperature more effectively. Since the gasification of water can absorb a large amount of heat, a small change in the amount of water injected can cause a large change in heat, so that the furnace temperature can be controlled more accurately and effectively; 2) the life of the spray gun is extended.
  • the gas injected into the spray gun is less than the low oxygen enrichment concentration, the working strength of the spray gun is low, and the cooling effect of the water can also extend the life of the spray gun itself; 3) 40% rich
  • the oxygen concentration can be nearly 1 times higher than the low oxygen rich concentration (21% to 25%).
  • the high oxygen enrichment concentration (for example, 40%) can handle nearly twice as much material; 4) low energy consumption and low power consumption.
  • the power of the water spray device is much smaller than the size of the device that is blasted into the air.
  • the copper-making furnace of the present invention can be carried out under conditions of high oxygen-rich concentration blowing.
  • the first copper crucible is oxidized by injecting oxygen-enriched air into the copper-making furnace to perform a copper-making reaction, and the volume of oxygen in the oxygen-enriched air The percentage is 30 to 80%.
  • the oxygen concentration of the blowing furnace is 9-60%, since it relies on the gas to carry away heat, the actual oxygen concentration can only be maintained below 25%, and the high oxygen-rich concentration cannot be truly achieved.
  • the above-mentioned heat balance means can fully achieve an oxygen-enriched air concentration of 30 to 80%.
  • the metal copper and the copper-making slag are obtained; when the metal copper in the copper-making furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, The copper slag is discharged from the coppermaking furnace to obtain anode copper.
  • the oxygen in the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace is higher than 0.2 wt%, the copper slag is discharged into the coppermaking furnace, and the reducing agent is introduced into the coppermaking furnace.
  • the copper oxide impurities in the metallic copper are subjected to a reduction reaction to obtain an anode copper.
  • the purpose of the copper-making reaction is to remove the sulfur element and other impurities in the first copper crucible to obtain a qualified anode copper.
  • the impurity removal process mainly uses an oxidation reaction to oxidize impurities in copper to remove slag.
  • the metal copper in the coppermaking furnace contains less than 0.2% by weight of oxygen, on the one hand, it is indicated that the impurities are more sufficiently oxidized and enter the copper slag, and on the other hand, the copper is substantially not subjected to peroxidation.
  • the process of the copper-making reaction in the process of the copper-making reaction, the process of oxidizing only does not reduce, and the anode copper can be directly obtained.
  • the oxygen contained in the metallic copper in the copper-making furnace is higher than 0.2% by weight, it is indicated that part of the copper is oxidized while removing impurities.
  • a reducing agent may be further added to carry out a reduction reaction of these copper oxide impurities.
  • the reduction reaction is carried out after the copper-making slag is discharged from the copper-making furnace, and it is also possible to prevent the impurities previously oxidized and slag from being dissolved back into the metallic copper, thereby further ensuring the grade of the anode copper.
  • the second flux is added from the top of the copper making furnace; meanwhile, the bottom blowing method is used in the copper making furnace.
  • the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed for oxidation treatment, or alternatively, the first reducing agent is sprayed for reduction.
  • the second flux is selected from the group consisting of quartz stone and/or limestone.
  • the first reducing agent is selected from one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and solid carbon-based reducing agent.
  • the solid carbon-based reducing agent is a pulverized coal and/or a solid carbonaceous reducing agent.
  • the function of the above CR furnace is to recover valuable metals in the smelting slag by reducing fuming and sedimentation, and to make harmless slag.
  • the CR furnace includes a cavity including a reducing reduction chamber and a settling chamber; and the step of recovering the valuable metal in the smelting slag includes: smelting the slag in the reducing smoulding chamber Performing reduction and smoulding treatment to obtain valuable metal flue gas and reducing slag, and sedimenting the reducing slag in the sedimentation chamber to obtain second copper ruthenium and harmless slag; or sedimenting the smelting slag in the sedimentation chamber, The second copper ruthenium and the sedimentation slag are obtained, and the sedimentation slag is subjected to reduction and smoulding treatment in the reduction smoulding cavity to obtain a valuable metal smog and a harmless slag.
  • the above CR furnace is an integrated recovery furnace, which simultaneously includes a reduction smoulding chamber and a settling chamber.
  • the smelting slag is successively subjected to reduction smoulding treatment and sedimentation treatment.
  • the magnetic iron (ferric oxide) in the smelting slag can be reduced to ferrous oxide for slag formation, which can reduce the viscosity of the smelting slag, thereby improving the subsequent sedimentation separation effect and facilitating
  • the second copper ruthenium is separated from the reducing slag.
  • the valuable metal oxides such as zinc, lead and antimony are reduced to metal, they are separated into valuable metal fumes due to their volatility, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering valuable metals.
  • the reduced slag flowing dynamics
  • the reduced slag after the reduction smoulding treatment directly enters the sedimentation separation, on the one hand, the treatment efficiency can be greatly improved; on the other hand, since the reducing slag directly enters the sedimentation treatment, a more stable flow state can be maintained, and in the process There are only slight temperature changes or even no temperature changes. The two reasons make it have better sedimentation effect, which can further improve the recovery rate of the second copper matte.
  • the sedimentation treatment is set before the step of reducing the fuming treatment.
  • the copper ruthenium in the smelting slag can be separated first, and then subjected to reduction and smouldering treatment to further recover valuable metals such as zinc, lead, and antimony.
  • the present invention more preferably adopts a method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, compared to the manner of reducing the fuming treatment after the sedimentation.
  • the advantage is that the higher the sedimentation separation temperature, the better the separation effect.
  • the temperature required for the reduction of flue gas is very high (1200 to 1400 ° C). Therefore, the temperature of the material after the first reduction of flue gas is high, and separation can be achieved in the sedimentation stage without additional heating.
  • this method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment can also replenish the sedimentation treatment.
  • the specific heating method can be as follows: the electrode can be heated or insulated in the settling section (for example, 3 to 6 electrodes can be set), and/or the submerged combustion nozzle can be provided (the submerged combustion nozzle ejects fuel and oxygen, and the amount of oxygen Control is in the state of incomplete combustion of the fuel).
  • the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment has the following advantages: after the reducing slag stays in the settling chamber for a certain period of time, the sedimentation stratification of the dross can be more fully realized, the harmless slag is discharged from the upper part, and the second copper slag is discharged from the lower part. release.
  • the smelting slag may be successively subjected to a plurality of reduction smouldering and sedimentation steps, or the smelting slag may be divided into a plurality of parts for performing a reductive smouldering and sedimentation step.
  • a partition wall is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reduction smoulding chamber and a sedimentation chamber, and the smog reduction and smog chamber and the sedimentation chamber are respectively located in the horizontal direction of the partition wall.
  • Side, and the communication channel connecting the reducing chamber and the settling chamber is disposed near the bottom of the chamber.
  • the step of reducing the fuming treatment comprises: adding a second reducing agent to the reducing nicotizing chamber for reductive fuming treatment; preferably, the second reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of natural gas, gas, liquefied petroleum gas, One or more of the iron powder and the solid carbon-based reducing agent, more preferably the solid carbon-based reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of lump coal and/or pulverized coal.
  • the reagent is selected for reduction and fuming treatment, and the recovery of valuable metals is more thorough.
  • the oxidant is injected into the reduction smoulding chamber to provide heat by combustion, and the oxidant may also react with the reducing agent to form a reducing gas such as carbon monoxide, and reduce the effect together with the added reducing agent.
  • a reducing gas such as carbon monoxide
  • a side blowing lance is disposed in the reducing smoulding chamber, and in the step of reducing the smoulding treatment, the second reducing agent is blasted into the reducing smoulding chamber by a side blasting gun.
  • the reducing smoulding chamber is further provided with a venting port, and the step of reducing the smoulding treatment further comprises: introducing a secondary air at the upper portion of the reducing smoulding chamber or at the venting port. In this way, the valuable metal flue gas can be oxidized to a valuable metal oxide, and then the flue gas can be recovered.
  • the reaction temperature is 1200 to 1400 °C. More preferably, when the reduction flue gasification treatment step is located before the sedimentation treatment step, a collector is added to the reduction flue gas chamber while the reduction flue gas treatment is performed; preferably, the trap agent is selected from the first vulcanizing agent and/or copper Concentrate, more preferably the first vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite and/or pyrite.
  • a second vulcanizing agent and/or copper concentrate is added to the sedimentation chamber while the sedimentation treatment is performed, and preferably the second vulcanizing agent is selected from the group consisting of pyrite, pyrite and One or more of lead slag copper scum.
  • a vulcanizing agent and/or a copper concentrate facilitates the reduction of the copper bismuth grade in the smelting slag to be converted into a low-grade copper ruthenium (second copper ruthenium), which can reduce the copper content in the harmless slag and further increase the copper content. Recovery rate.
  • a slag such as lead slag copper scum as a vulcanizing agent, wherein the lead is also It can be volatilized and recovered together with the lead in the sedimentation slag in the reduction fuming step, so that the refractory materials generated in some production processes can be fully utilized to realize comprehensive utilization of resources without adding additional equipment investment and process links.
  • the step of the sedimentation treatment further comprises: injecting an inert gas and/or a sulfur dioxide gas into the settling chamber. This creates a weak agitation which facilitates the separation of copper and slag. More preferably, the sulfur dioxide gas is bubbled in, which acts as a partial vulcanizing agent in addition to the agitation action, and is more advantageous for producing a low-grade copper beryllium in the sedimentation stage.
  • the copper smelting method further comprises the step of returning the second copper crucible to the melting furnace for melting. This can increase the utilization of copper.
  • the copper smelting method further comprises the step of returning the second copper crucible to the copper making furnace for copper making.
  • This can increase the utilization of copper. Since the second copper crucible is generally added in a cooled state (and a solid second copper crucible), it can also function as a heat balance.
  • the obtained copper is a copper melt; after the step of the copper-making reaction, the copper smelting method further comprises casting the copper melt.
  • the step of molding This allows the copper melt to be further cast into a product such as a copper anode plate.
  • a copper smelting system comprising a smelting furnace 10, a copper making furnace 20, a CR furnace 30, a first launder and a second stream a tank; wherein the melting furnace 10 is used for smelting copper concentrate to produce a first copper crucible and smelting slag; the melting furnace 10 is provided with a first copper crucible outlet and a smelting slag outlet; and the copper making furnace 20 is provided with a copper crucible inlet, The copper crucible inlet and the first copper crucible outlet are communicated through the first launder, and the copper making furnace 20 is used for copper-making reaction of the first copper crucible to generate anode copper and copper-making slag; the CR furnace 30 is provided with a smelting slag inlet, which is The smelting slag outlet is connected through the second launder for reducting fuming and sedimentation of
  • the copper ore can be smelted by the melting furnace 10 to obtain a first copper crucible and a smelting slag.
  • the smelting slag can be reduced and smelted and settled by the CR furnace 30, and the valuable metals in the smelting slag such as metal zinc, lead, bismuth, and the like can be recovered.
  • the valuable metals in the smelting slag such as metal zinc, lead, bismuth, and the like can be recovered.
  • the beneficiation process not only greatly reduces the factory floor space, but also makes the process more simple. It also fundamentally eliminates the pollution caused by the beneficiation agent added in the slag beneficiation process.
  • the CR furnace 30 communicates with the slag end of the melting furnace 10, and the copper making furnace 20 communicates with the copper rim end of the melting furnace 10.
  • the first copper crucible is subjected to a copper-making reaction to form a higher-grade anode copper, and on the other hand, the molten slag produced in the smelting process is obtained.
  • the recycling process that is, the use of a pick-up copper smelting device, greatly shortens the steps of copper smelting, and has a good industrialized large-scale application prospect.
  • the CR furnaces 30 are a plurality of units arranged in parallel or in series.
  • the plurality of CR furnaces 30 can produce the second copper crucible, the valuable metal, and the water-damaged harmless slag by continuous operation or alternate operation, thereby improving the processing efficiency.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is a plurality of tubes arranged in parallel. This also improves the capabilities of the device.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is two in parallel, and the CR furnace is one; or
  • the copper making furnace 20 is one, and the CR furnace is two in parallel; or
  • two copper-making furnaces 20 are arranged in parallel, and the CR furnaces are also two disposed in parallel.
  • the CR furnace 30 includes a cavity including a reduced reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and the reducing smoulding chamber 31 is in communication with the smelting slag outlet for reducing the smelting slag.
  • the reducing smog chamber 31 is provided with a flue gas outlet
  • the settling chamber 32 is connected with the reducing smoating chamber 31 for sedimentation treatment of the reducing slag after the reduction and the smoulding treatment
  • the settling chamber 32 is provided with a first The second copper crucible outlet and the slag discharge port (shown in FIG.
  • the CR furnace 30 includes a cavity including a reduced reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and the settling chamber 32 communicates with the smelting slag outlet. It is used for sedimentation treatment of the smelting slag, and the sedimentation chamber 32 is provided with a second copper sputum outlet, and the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is connected with the sedimentation chamber 32 for reducing and smoulding the sedimentation slag after the settlement treatment, and reducing the smoke
  • the chemistry chamber 31 is provided with a flue gas outlet and a slag discharge port.
  • the CR furnace 30 provided by the present invention is an integrated device, which includes a reducing flue gas chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and a connection relationship between the reduction flue gas chamber 31 and the sedimentation chamber 32, which can be determined to reduce the flue gas. , post-settling; or settle first, then reduce the fuming.
  • the smelting slag can be first subjected to reduction and smouldering treatment, and then subjected to sedimentation treatment.
  • the magnetic iron (ferric oxide) in the smelting slag can be reduced to ferrous oxide for slag formation, which can reduce the viscosity of the smelting slag and thereby improve the subsequent sedimentation separation effect. It is convenient to separate the second copper crucible from the reducing slag.
  • the valuable metal oxides such as zinc, lead and antimony are reduced to metal, they are separated into valuable metal fumes due to their volatility, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering valuable metals.
  • the obtained reducing slag flowing dynamics
  • the smelting slag after reduction and smoulding treatment directly enters the sedimentation separation, which can greatly improve the treatment efficiency; on the other hand, the reducing slag directly enters the sedimentation treatment, and can maintain a more stable flow state. In the process, there is only a slight temperature change or even no temperature change. The two reasons make it have better sedimentation effect, which can further improve the recovery rate of the second copper matte.
  • the smelting slag can be first subjected to sedimentation treatment and then subjected to reduction smoulding treatment.
  • the copper ruthenium in the smelting slag can be separated first, and then the reduction smoulding treatment stage can be further carried out to further recover valuable metals such as zinc, lead and bismuth therein.
  • the present invention more preferably adopts a method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment, compared to the manner of reducing the fuming treatment after the sedimentation.
  • the advantage is that the higher the sedimentation separation temperature, the better the separation effect.
  • the temperature required for the reduction of flue gas is very high (1200 to 1400 ° C). Therefore, the temperature of the material after the first reduction of flue gas is high, and separation can be achieved in the sedimentation stage without additional heating.
  • this method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment can also replenish the sedimentation treatment.
  • the method of reducing the flue gas after sedimentation and separation is inevitably required to replenish heat during the sedimentation process.
  • the specific heating method can be as follows: the electrode can be heated or insulated in the settling section (for example, 3 to 6 electrodes can be set), and/or the submerged combustion nozzle can be provided (the submerged combustion nozzle ejects fuel and oxygen, and the amount of oxygen Control is in the state of incomplete combustion of the fuel).
  • the method of first reducing the post-smoothing sedimentation treatment has the following advantages: after the reducing slag stays in the settling chamber for a certain period of time, the sedimentation stratification of the dross can be more fully realized, the harmless slag is discharged from the upper part, and the second copper slag is discharged from the lower part. release.
  • a partition wall 33 is further disposed in the cavity to divide the cavity into a reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32, and a reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a settling chamber 32.
  • the two sides of the partition wall 33 are respectively located in the horizontal direction, and the communication passages of the reduction tobacco chamber 31 and the sedimentation chamber 32 are disposed near the bottom of the chamber.
  • a fluid melt which reacts in the reduction smoulding chamber 31 and a melt which is subjected to sedimentation treatment in the sedimentation chamber can achieve a smoother flow, and the partition wall can block the reduction smog chamber.
  • the agitation and the floating material on the surface further enhance the effect of the sedimentation treatment.
  • the partition wall 33 is a water-cooled partition wall.
  • the reduction smoulding chamber 31 is further provided with a side lance, which is disposed at the side or bottom of the reduction smoulding chamber 31 for injecting a reducing agent into the reduction smoulding chamber 31.
  • the reducing tobacco chamber is further provided with a smoke outlet for discharging valuable metal smoke.
  • the reduction smoulding chamber is further provided with a feed port for adding a collector to the reduction smoulding chamber 31.
  • the settling chamber 32 is also provided with a heating device for performing the settling chamber 32. Keep warm or warm. This can prevent the sedimentation chamber 32 from cooling down, further ensuring the sedimentation separation effect.
  • the heating device is an immersion combustion nozzle or electrode.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a second spray gun and a flux inlet, and the second spray gun is disposed at the side or the bottom of the copper making furnace 20 for alternately adding oxidizing agent to the copper making furnace 20 or Reducing agent; the flux inlet is used to pass the flux.
  • the furnace body of the copper making furnace 20 is a horizontal cylindrical furnace body.
  • a plurality of copper-making furnaces 20 may be arranged in parallel to perform alternate operations or simultaneous operations.
  • an appropriate amount of water mist can be sprayed into the second spray gun to absorb excess heat generated during the copper making process, reduce the amount of smoke, and prolong the life of the spray gun.
  • the coppermaking furnace 20 is also provided with a copper melt outlet; the copper smelting system further includes a casting apparatus 40 in communication with the copper melt outlet for casting the copper melt.
  • the obtained anode copper is a copper melt.
  • the copper melt can be further cast by forming the casting apparatus 40 to form a product such as an anode copper plate. More preferably, the casting apparatus 40 is a double disc casting machine.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a copper slag outlet for discharging copper slag; the smelting furnace 10 is further provided with a copper slag inlet for introducing the cooled copper slag.
  • the melting furnace 10 is further provided with a copper slag outlet for discharging copper slag; the smelting furnace 10 is further provided with a copper slag inlet for introducing the cooled copper slag.
  • the melting furnace 10 is further provided with a second copper crucible inlet for introducing the cooled second copper sulfur into the melting furnace 10. This can further improve the utilization of copper.
  • the copper making furnace 20 is further provided with a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residual, waste copper and solid copper to the copper making furnace 20.
  • a cold material inlet for adding one or more of electrolytic copper residual, waste copper and solid copper to the copper making furnace 20.
  • the residual electrolytic copper residual in the later electrolysis process and the purchased waste copper and solid copper crucible can be passed into the copper making furnace as a cold material to better realize the heat balance in the copper making furnace. Injecting oxygen into the conditions creates conditions.
  • the copper making system further includes a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace 20.
  • a cooling device for cooling the copper making furnace 20. This ensures that the copper-making furnace 20 maintains thermal equilibrium during the copper-making reaction stage, creating conditions for injecting oxygen into the copper-making furnace, and further extending the furnace life.
  • Cooling equipment includes, but is not limited to, a negative pressure water jacket device or a spray cooling device
  • the melting furnace 10 is a top-blowing smelting furnace, a flash smelting furnace, a bottom-blowing smelting furnace or a side-blown smelting furnace.
  • the copper smelting apparatus shown in Fig. 3 is used for copper smelting, and the process conditions of each apparatus are as follows:
  • Melting furnace melting temperature is 1300 ° C; flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of copper ore; oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 150Nm 3 O 2 per ton of copper ore;
  • the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a volumetric oxygen content of 40%, and the addition amount is 200Nm 3 O per ton of the first copper crucible. 2 ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the coppermaking furnace, also spray water mist; at the same time add cold waste copper to the coppermaking furnace; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, before the reducing agent is sprayed, the copper slag is firstly sprayed After the discharge, the copper slag is cooled and returned to the smelting furnace.
  • CR furnace first reduction of fuming, post-sedimentation; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1200 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide combustion-supporting Heat; sulfur dioxide gas is introduced into the settling chamber, and the vulcanizing agent pyrite is added to make low-grade copper bismuth; the low-grade copper bismuth obtained is returned to the melting furnace.
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 235,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.3% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.28%.
  • the copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.
  • the treatment method is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the copper ore raw materials are different, as follows:
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • Melting furnace melting temperature is 1300 ° C; flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 20% of the total weight of copper ore; oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 200Nm 3 O 2 per ton of copper ore;
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; 260,000 tons of copper smelting, 78% copper, 620,000 tons of smelting slag, 4% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.05% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 236,000 tons of anode copper, 99.5% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.2% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.26%.
  • the copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 82%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the melting temperature is 1150 ° C;
  • the flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 1% of the total weight of the copper ore;
  • the oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 120Nm 3 O 2 per ton of copper ore;
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; 260,000 tons of copper smelting, 70% copper, 700,000 tons of smelting, 2.5% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 3.25% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 231,000 tons of anode copper, containing 99.1% copper and 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated by CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.3% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.27%.
  • the copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the melting temperature is 1100 ° C;
  • the flux is quartz stone, the amount of addition is 0.8% of the total weight of the copper ore;
  • the oxidant is oxygen, the amount of addition is 90Nm 3 O 2 per ton of copper ore;
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 200,000 tons of copper, 65% copper, 780,000 tons of smelting, 5% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 4.71% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 228,000 tons of anode copper, 98.0% copper, and 0.1% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.6% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.49%.
  • the overall system copper recovery rate is about 95%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 78%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen volume content of 80%, and the addition amount is 120Nm 3 O per ton of the first copper crucible. 2 ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the copper making furnace, also spray water mist; at the same time, add cold waste copper to the copper making furnace; the reducing agent is pulverized coal; before the reducing agent is sprayed, the copper slag is firstly sprayed Drain, cool and return to the melting furnace.
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 246,000 tons of anode copper, 99.5% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.4% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.32%.
  • the copper recovery rate of the whole system is about 99.6%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 80%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible; the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having an oxygen volume content of 30%, and the addition amount is 140Nm 3 O per ton of the first copper crucible. 2 ; using a spray gun to spray oxidant into the copper making furnace, also spray water mist, while adding cold waste copper to the copper making furnace; reducing agent is pulverized coal; before spraying the reducing agent, first make copper slag Drain, cool and return to the melting furnace.
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 220,000 tons of anode copper, 98.8% copper, 0.03% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.5% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.34%.
  • the overall system copper recovery rate is about 98.7%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 75%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • the flux is quartz stone, which is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the first copper crucible;
  • the oxidant is oxygen-enriched air having a volume content of 25% oxygen, and the addition amount is 140Nm 3 O per ton of the first copper crucible. 2 ;
  • the reducing agent is pulverized coal; no water mist is sprayed, and no cold material is added;
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 182,000 tons of anode copper, 97.6% copper, and 0.12% sulfur.
  • the slag contains 0.41% copper and the slag contains zinc 0.50. %.
  • the copper recovery rate of the entire system is about 95%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 70%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • CR furnace first reduction of fuming, post-sedimentation; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1350 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide heat;
  • the low-grade copper bismuth is formed by adding a vulcanizing agent pyrite; sulfur dioxide gas is introduced into the sedimentation chamber, and the low-grade copper bismuth is returned to the melting furnace.
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 75% copper, 650,000 tons of smelting, 3% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.77% zinc; the copper-making furnace produces 235,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.1% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.19%.
  • the overall system copper recovery rate is about 99%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 85%.
  • the processing method is the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
  • CR furnace first settling, then reducing fuming; in the step of reducing fuming treatment, the reaction temperature is 1350 ° C; the reducing agent is pulverized coal, the amount of addition is 10% of the total weight of the smelting slag; a small amount of oxygen is supplied to provide heat; The settling chamber performs electrode heating.
  • Treatment results 1 million tons of copper concentrate per year, 20% copper in concentrate, 2% zinc; smelting output 250,000 tons of copper, 72% copper, 630,000 tons of smelting, 3.5% copper, smelting
  • the slag contains 2.63% zinc; the copper making furnace produces 240,000 tons of anode copper, 99.3% copper, and 0.05% sulfur; the smelting slag is treated with CR furnace (reduction ashing and sedimentation), the slag contains 0.6% copper, and the slag contains zinc. 0.54%.
  • the overall system copper recovery rate is about 98.5%, and the zinc recovery rate is about 68%.
  • the annual processing amount is large, and the anode copper (refers to the copper product whose purity can reach the electrolytic anode copper) has large output, and the recovery rate of the valuable metal is high.
  • the method of adding cold material and spraying water mist into the copper-making furnace greatly improves the oxygen content of the oxidant in the copper-making reaction, so that the reaction can complete the copper-making reaction under the condition of high oxygen-rich concentration without generating overheating.
  • the phenomenon also effectively improves the copper-sulfur production efficiency and the copper content of the anode copper.
  • the technical solution in the eighth embodiment of the present invention also uses the short-flow copper smelting process to effectively recover the valuable metal in the smelting slag, and directly produces the anode.
  • the incorporation of copper into harmless slag is also within the scope of protection of the present invention.
  • the present invention effectively recovers valuable metals in the smelting slag during the smelting process by reducing fuming and sedimentation, thereby realizing resource recovery and reducing environmental pollution.
  • the invention takes the melting furnace as the core and simultaneously shortens the product end and the slag end, thereby greatly simplifying the copper smelting process. It is estimated that the average zinc content in the slag is calculated according to 3%, the recovery rate is calculated according to 80%, and the copper smelting enterprise with 200,000 t/a can recover 19,000 t/a of zinc, which greatly improves the economic benefits of the enterprise and greatly simplifies.
  • the process of slag treatment has greatly reduced the footprint and solved the potential pollution risk of slag tailings.

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CN114892019A (zh) * 2022-05-19 2022-08-12 云南铜业股份有限公司西南铜业分公司 一种顶吹熔池熔炼温度补偿调控系统及温度补偿调控方法

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