WO2018219423A1

WO2018219423A1 - Grinding method for machining inner surfaces of workpieces with a plurality of inner grinding spindles

Info

Publication number: WO2018219423A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/062892
Authority: WO
Inventors: Josef Preis
Original assignee: Diskus Werke Schleiftechnik Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-05-29
Filing date: 2017-05-29
Publication date: 2018-12-06

Abstract

The invention shows and describes a grinding method for machining the surface of workpieces (6) with a plurality of inner grinding spindles, comprising the following steps: a) providing a grinding machine (1, 1') with at least two grinding tools (2, 2'), wherein the grinding tools (2, 2') are each mounted to rotate about a grinding tool axis (X2, X2'), b) providing at least two workpieces (6) to be machined, c) arranging the workpieces (6) on one of at least two workpiece holders (5, 5', 5") of a workpiece holder unit (4), wherein the at least two workpiece holders (5, 5', 5") are each mounted to rotate about a workpiece holder axis (X5), and wherein the workpiece holder unit (4) is mounted to rotate about a workpiece holder unit axis (X4), and d) grinding the workpiece surfaces (8) of the workpieces (6), wherein the grinding tools (2, 2') rotate about the grinding tool axes (X2, X2'), wherein the at least two workpiece holders (5, 5', 5") each rotate about a workpiece holder axis (X5), and wherein the workpiece surfaces (8) of at least two workpieces (6) arranged on different workpiece holders (5, 5', 5") are simultaneously machined. The invention also shows and describes a workpiece holder unit (4) with a plurality of workpiece holders (5, 5', 5"), and a grinding machine (1, 1') with at least one workpiece holder unit (4) of this kind.

Description

Grinding process for machining inner surfaces of workpieces with several internal grinding spindles

The invention relates to a grinding method for machining the surface of workpieces with a plurality of internal grinding spindles, comprising the following steps: a) providing a grinding machine with at least two grinding tools, wherein the grinding tools are rotatably mounted around a respective grinding tool axis, bj providing at least two workpieces to be machined, c) arranging the workpieces on one of at least two workpiece carriers of a

Workpiece carrier unit, wherein the at least two workpiece carriers are rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier axis, and wherein the workpiece carrier unit is rotatably mounted about a Werkstückträgereinheitachse, and d) grinding the workpiece surfaces of the workpieces, wherein the grinding tools to the

Rotate grinding tool axes, wherein the at least two workpiece carriers rotate about one workpiece carrier axis, and wherein the workpiece surfaces are processed by at least two arranged on other workpiece carriers workpieces simultaneously.

Described is also a workpiece carrier unit with a plurality of workpiece carriers, wherein the at least two workpiece carriers are rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier axis, and wherein the workpiece carrier unit to a

Workpiece carrier unit axis is rotatably mounted.

Described is also a grinding machine with at least one such

Workpiece carrier unit.

By "grinding" is generally understood a machining production process in which excess material is separated in the form of chips often prepared by a bulk material, such as corundum, is bound with a binder. Grinding with a rotating tool - for example a grinding wheel - is to be differentiated from other grinding processes, for example belt grinding.

In the field of grinding technology are different grinding methods and

Grinding machines known. In many of these methods and machines it is provided that the workpieces to be ground are arranged on a transport device with a plurality of workpiece holders. Transport devices with several workpiece holders have the advantage of a particularly efficient

Process management, since the duration of the grinding process can be used to equip the free workpiece holders with new, unpolished workpieces or to remove the already ground workpieces from their workpiece holders. Another advantage of multiple workpiece holders is that multiple workpieces can be brought into engagement with the workpiece simultaneously.

Such a grinding machine is known for example from EP 0 941 803 Bl, there in the embodiment of a double-plan grinding machine with two parallel deliverable grinding wheels and with a transport device with three workpiece holders.

A disadvantage of such methods and devices, however, is the property that always only those workpiece holder rotates, on which the currently processed workpiece is arranged or on which the currently processed workpieces are arranged. Meanwhile, the other workpiece holders stand still, so that they can be loaded or unloaded. Another disadvantage is that only height equal workpieces can be ground. The previously known methods for the simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces with untensioned loops also have the disadvantage that only external

Plan surfaces can be edited and that can only be placed on outer flat surfaces and sanded parallel to it. The invention is therefore based on the object described at the outset

Design and further develop grinding method such that while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages, the most efficient and precise grinding process possible.

This object is achieved by a grinding method for machining the surface of workpieces with a plurality of internal grinding spindles, comprising the following steps: a) providing a grinding machine with at least two

Grinding tools, wherein the grinding tools to one each

C) arranging the workpieces on one of at least two workpiece carriers of a workpiece carrier unit, wherein the at least two workpiece carriers are rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier axis, and wherein the workpiece carrier unit is rotatable about a workpiece carrier unit axis and d) grinding the workpiece surfaces of the workpieces, the grinding tools rotating about the grinding tool axes, the at least two workpiece carriers rotating about one workpiece carrier axis, and the workpiece surfaces being simultaneously processed by at least two workpieces arranged on other workpiece carriers. The method can be used in particular for the machining of inner surfaces of workpieces.

The method according to the invention serves to machine the surface of workpieces, in particular to grind them. A first step, one

To provide grinding machine with at least two grinding tools. The

Grinding machine may also have three or more grinding tools. The grinding tools may, for example, be grinding wheels, in particular inner grinding spindles. The grinding tools are each one

Grinding tool axis rotatably mounted, they can therefore perform a rotational movement. Another step is that at least two to be processed

Workpieces are provided. Another step is that the workpieces be arranged on one of at least two workpiece carriers of a workpiece carrier unit. In this case, the at least two workpiece carriers are rotatably mounted in each case about a workpiece carrier axis. It can also be three or more

Workpiece carrier may be provided, in this case, preferably all

Workpiece carrier rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier axis. In addition, the workpiece carrier unit is rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier unit axis. Another step involves grinding the workpiece surfaces of the workpieces. The grinding tools rotate around the grinding tool axes. In addition, the at least two workpiece carriers rotate about one workpiece carrier axis in each case. If three or more workpiece carriers are provided, preferably all workpiece carriers rotate in each case a workpiece carrier axis. The workpiece surfaces of at least two workpieces arranged on different or different workpiece carriers are processed simultaneously. By the invention is provided that at least two - but preferably all - workpiece carrier rotate about one workpiece carrier axis, the workpiece surfaces of several workpieces can be processed simultaneously even if the workpieces are not arranged on the same workpiece carrier. This distinguishes the claimed method from, for example, EP 0 941 803 B1. Simultaneous grinding of several workpieces initially has the advantage of efficient process control. Another advantage is that those

Workpieces that are sanded at the same time, that can be ground precisely to an identical dimension or to the same degree. This is due to the fact that during dressing all spindles are machined with the same dressing tool and that during grinding the wear can be individually corrected. Further advantages are that even internal surfaces can be machined and that with "multi-spindle machines" (grinding machines with several rotating ones)

Grinding tools) and cylindrical surfaces can be edited. In addition, it is advantageous that internal or recessed planar surfaces can be referenced and that a tensioned surface (in particular outer circumferential surface or bore] tight tolerances (in particular squareness) can be maintained.

According to one embodiment of the method, it is provided that the

Workpiece carrier unit completely rotates about the workpiece carrier unit axis. By a complete rotation is meant a rotation of more than 360 °. A continuous rotation, ie a rotation with constant

The direction of rotation has the advantage over an oscillating movement, for example, that the workpiece carrier unit does not have to be braked and accelerated. Preferably, the workpiece carrier unit rotates with a constant

Rotation speed.

A further embodiment of the method provides that the workpiece carrier unit oscillates about the workpiece carrier unit axis. An oscillation is understood to mean a rotary movement in which the direction of rotation changes, that is to say a reciprocating movement. An oscillating movement has the advantage that the workpieces arranged on the workpiece carriers of the workpiece carrier unit are moved only within a limited range. This allows, for example, the grinding of inner surfaces of the workpieces, including the grinding tools in the

Workpieces must be imported.

According to a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that the

Workpieces are ground on an outer surface. Alternatively, it can be provided that the workpieces are ground on an inner surface. The grinding of the outer surfaces has the advantage that several workpieces can be ground by the same grinding tool. This is not possible when sanding inside surfaces, as this involves inserting the grinding tools ("internal spindles") into the workpiece, such as the inside of a cylindrical ring, or sanding inside surfaces to sharpen multiple parts simultaneously if there are multiple grinding tools. The ability to grind both outer surfaces and inner surfaces, for example, a defined dimension between an outer plane surface and an inner surface, such as an inner shoulder, are generated.

According to a further embodiment of the method it is provided that the

Workpieces are ground on curved surfaces. For this purpose, the

Grinding tools or Innenschleifspindeln employed on the surfaces to be ground. The curved surfaces may be, for example, the lateral surface of a cylinder. The curved surfaces can be ground from the inside or from the outside. Accordingly, the grinding tools are made from the inside to the inner diameter of the surface to be ground or hired from the outside to the outer diameter of the surface to be ground.

In a further embodiment of the method is provided that the

Abrasive tool axis and the workpiece carrier unit axis parallel, in particular run collinear. By a parallel course of the axes is achieved that the distance between the grinding tool and the workpiece carrier unit in each rotational position is constant. In addition, parallel axes of rotation make it possible for the rotating grinding tool not to come into contact with its peripheral surface ("peripheral grinding") but with one of its side surfaces ("side grinding") with the workpiece. Such a grinding process is also referred to as "side surface grinding." If the grinding tool axis and the workpiece carrier unit axis are arranged not only parallel but even collinear, it is achieved that the grinding tool is arranged centrally above the workpiece carrier unit and in this way the largest possible area The symmetrical arrangement of the grinding tool centrally above the workpiece carrier unit enables a grinding process even when the workpiece is stationary

Workpiece carrier unit, provided that the workpiece carrier and the grinding tool rotate. A parallel arrangement of the axes is sufficient in most cases, a collinear arrangement is required only in special cases. In "multi-spindle" can be provided that the grinding tools can be individually delivered in the axial direction to allow individual Maßkorrekturen.

According to a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that at least one workpiece carrier axis runs parallel to the workpiece carrier unit axis. It can be provided that all workpiece carrier axes parallel to the

Workpiece carrier unit axis run. As an alternative or in addition to this, it can be provided in a further embodiment that at least one workpiece carrier axis runs inclined and / or crossed to the workpiece carrier unit axis. It can be provided that all workpiece carrier axes are inclined and / or crossed to the workpiece carrier unit axis. By a parallel course of the axes, a particularly good flatness, recognizable by the cross-grinding pattern, as well as a good perpendicularity of the ground surfaces to the workpiece rotation axis can be achieved. By an inclination of the workpiece carrier, however, components can be manufactured with a defined plan / hollow shape. The workpiece carriers can be inclined in the radial direction of the workpiece carrier unit, namely radially inwards or radially outwards. Alternatively or additionally, the workpiece carriers can be entangled in the circumferential direction or in the tangential direction of the workpiece carrier unit, in the direction of rotation or against the direction of rotation of the workpiece carrier

Workpiece carrier unit. Through an entanglement, the microsection can be influenced. When the entanglement angle is set to 0 °, perfect flatness can be achieved, as can be seen on the cross-cut. On the other hand, by setting a specific angle of intersection (not equal to 0 °, ie greater than 0 ° or less than 0 °), a directional microsection can be generated.

According to a further embodiment of the method, it is provided that

Different sized workpieces are ground simultaneously. Under

Workpieces of different heights are understood to mean, in particular, workpieces that extend from the workpiece carrier at different distances in the direction of the grinding tool. This procedure can be made possible, for example, by some or all of the workpieces being ground up during grinding to be ordered. By placing a support between the workpiece carrier and the workpiece height differences can be compensated. For this purpose, different thicknesses or different lengths can be used. Also height differences can be compensated by specific tool carrier.

After further training of the method is provided that the

Rotation speed of the workpiece carrier independent of the

Rotation speed of the workpiece carrier unit is adjustable. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the direction of rotation of the workpiece carrier is adjustable independently of the direction of rotation of the workpiece carrier unit. Preferably, both the rotational speed and / or the

Rotation direction of each workpiece carrier independent of the

Rotation speed and / or the direction of rotation of

Workpiece carrier unit adjustable. In this way, the grinding process can be optimally adjusted to the type of workpieces and to the desired grinding result. Preferably, the workpiece carriers rotate during the grinding process at a different angular velocity than the workpiece carrier unit. It may be provided that the workpiece carriers rotate at a higher angular velocity or at a lower angular velocity than the workpiece carrier unit; However, it is preferred that the workpiece carriers with a higher

Rotate angular velocity as the workpiece carrier unit.

According to a further embodiment of the method it is provided that the

Grinding tool is cylindrically shaped and is mounted relatively movable in the axial direction and / or in the radial direction. By the cylindrical shape flat surfaces can be ground (by the end face or side surface of the

Grinding tool) and curved surfaces can be ground (by the peripheral surface or lateral surface of the grinding tool). The axial mobility allows a placement of the grinding tool on the workpiece and a lifting of the grinding tool from the workpiece. The mobility in the radial direction has 9

especially when grinding inner surfaces advantages, since the grinding tool can first be introduced into the workpiece and then - can be made by radial displacement - to the surface to be ground. If a plurality of grinding tools are present, it can be provided that each grinding tool is cylindrically shaped and is mounted so as to be movable relative to the workpiece carrier unit and / or to the workpiece in the axial direction and / or in the radial direction. Curved surfaces can be ground by grinding machines with several grinding tools ("multi-spindle")

Mehrspindlern the inner and outer curved lateral surfaces of the workpiece with the relatively small tools are easily accessible. A feed movement can be generated by slight pivoting of the workpiece carrier unit.

Workpiece carrier unit axis is rotatably mounted. The workpiece carrier unit is characterized in that the workpiece carrier unit and the workpiece carrier are independently drivable, in particular can be driven simultaneously. With the workpiece carrier unit (also called "rotary table"), the grinding method described above can be performed.

By independent drives is meant in particular that the

Rotation speed of the workpiece carrier independent of the

Rotation direction of each workpiece carrier independent of the

Rotation speed and / or the direction of rotation of

Workpiece carrier unit adjustable. In this way, the workpiece carrier unit can be optimally adapted to the type of workpieces and to the desired grinding result be set. However, the independence of the drives does not exclude that the rotational movement of the workpiece carrier unit and the rotational movement of the workpiece carrier are coordinated, for example, coupled according to a particularly simple embodiment.

According to one embodiment of the workpiece carrier unit, it is provided that at least one workpiece carrier axis runs parallel to the workpiece carrier unit axis. It can be provided that all workpiece carrier axes parallel to the

Workpiece carrier unit axis run. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that at least one workpiece carrier axis runs inclined and / or crossed to the workpiece carrier unit axis. It can be provided that all

Workpiece carrier axes inclined and / or crossed to the

Workpiece carrier unit axis run. By a parallel course of the axes, a particularly good flatness, recognizable by the cross-grinding pattern, as well as a good perpendicularity of the ground surfaces to the workpiece rotation axis can be achieved. By an inclination of the workpiece carrier, however, components can be manufactured with a defined plan / hollow shape. The workpiece carriers can be inclined in the radial direction of the workpiece carrier unit, namely radially inwards or radially outwards. Alternatively or additionally, the workpiece carrier in

Be circumferential direction or tangential direction of the workpiece carrier unit entangled, in the direction of rotation or against the direction of rotation of the

According to a further embodiment of the workpiece carrier unit, provision can be made for at least one of the workpiece carriers to be mounted tiltably and / or interlockably. Preferably, all workpiece carriers are tilted and / or verschränkbar stored. By a tiltable or entangled storage, the location of the Workpiece carrier axis to be changed. In this way, the workpiece carriers can assume different positions. For example, the workpiece carrier axis can be adjusted so that they parallel to the

Workpiece carrier unit axis runs. Alternatively, the

Workpiece support axis can be adjusted so that it runs obliquely, so inclined or crossed to the workpiece carrier unit axis. The storage of

Workpiece carrier can be designed such that the workpiece carrier in the radial direction of the workpiece carrier unit are tilted (radially inward or radially outward). Alternatively or additionally, the storage of the workpiece carrier can be designed such that the workpiece carrier in the circumferential direction of

Workpiece carrier unit are verschränkbar (in the direction of rotation or against the

Direction of rotation of the workpiece carrier unit). The storage of the workpiece carrier can be designed, for example, as a calotte bearing, preferably as a lockable calotte bearing. Alternatively or additionally, the inclination or the

Entanglement by elastic deformation of certain areas of the

Workpiece carrier can be achieved. The workpiece carrier has, for example, a rotating shaft, a housing and bearings (in particular rolling bearings). Decisive for the inclination of the axis of a workpiece carrier is the tilting of the bearing of the workpiece carrier. This is done by tilting the (single- or multi-part housing with the bearing seats as a whole or being elastically deformed in areas.) Alternatively, the axis can be adjusted if only one of the two bearings is slightly adjusted to reduce the required deformation force Another embodiment of the workpiece carrier unit provides that at least one of the workpiece carriers can be fixed in an inclined and / or folded position

Workpiece carrier for fixing the inclined and / or entangled position has a fixable collar. To adjust the inclination and entanglement can be provided that at least one of the workpiece carrier has adjusting screws for adjusting its inclination and / or entanglement. Both the Inclination angle and the Verschränkungswinkel should be adjustable and fixable in the adjusted position. The inclination or entanglement can be achieved by a suitable storage (eg Kalottenlagerung) or by elastic deformation of the housing. The fixation can be done for example by a collar, which is preferably fixed by axial locking screws. A particularly precise adjustment can be achieved by adjusting screws.

According to a further embodiment of the workpiece carrier unit, it is provided that the workpiece carriers have different workpiece holders. In particular, it can be provided that the workpiece carriers have different heights

Have workpiece holders. Under different high workpiece holders in particular workpiece holders are understood that differ from the

Workpiece carrier unit starting at different distances in the direction of

Extend grinding tool. In this way can be different high

Workpieces are ground simultaneously by the same grinding tool. The

Workpiece receivers can be designed integrally-that is, as part of the workpiece carriers-or designed as a separate component, for example as a support, which is arranged between the workpiece carrier and the workpiece. It can be exciting workpiece holders, positive workpiece holders and / or frictional workpiece holders.

Also described is a grinding machine with at least one

Workpiece carrier unit of the type described above. The grinding machine has in addition to the workpiece carrier unit at least one grinding tool, wherein the grinding tool is rotatably mounted about a grinding tool axis. With the

Grinding machine can be carried out the grinding method described above. In grinding machines with a plurality of grinding tools ("multi-spindle"), it is preferably provided that the tool spindles can be individually delivered to produce defined workpiece dimensions. The grinding machine can be supplemented according to a further embodiment by at least one gripper for loading and / or unloading the workpiece carrier. By one, two or more grippers, the workpiece carriers of

Workpiece carrier unit loaded with workpieces and unloaded, whereby an automated and efficient process management is possible.

Finally, it is proposed for this embodiment that the at least one gripper is designed as a turning gripper. Under a turning gripper, a gripper is understood, which is rotatable by at least 180 °, but preferably by 360 °. Thus, the gripper can turn workpieces, for example, to allow processing of the workpieces on different sides of the workpieces.

During the movement of the workpieces by the grippers, the essential movement (longest path) of the workpieces preferably takes place transversely to the longitudinal direction of the workpieces, ie transversely to the direction of the workpiece axis.

The invention will now be described with reference to a preferred one

Embodiment illustrative drawing explained. In the drawing show:

Fig. 1A: a first embodiment of a grinding machine in one

perspective view,

Fig. 1B: the grinding tool and the workpiece carrier unit of

Grinding machine of Fig. 1A in a front view,

Fig. IC: the workpiece carrier unit of the grinding machine of Fig. 1A in one

Top view,

2A shows a second embodiment of a grinding machine according to the invention in a perspective view, 2B: the grinding tools and the workpiece carrier unit of

Grinding machine of Fig. 2A in a front view,

Fig. 2C: the workpiece carrier unit of the grinding machine of Fig. 2A in one

FIG. 3B shows the workpiece carrier unit from FIG. 3A in a sectional view along the sectional plane A-A drawn in FIG. 3A, FIG.

3C: the workpiece carrier unit from FIG. 3A in a sectional view along the sectional plane B-B shown in FIG. 3A, FIG.

4A shows the workpiece carrier of FIG. 3A in an enlarged view, and FIG. 4B shows an alternative embodiment of the workpiece carrier of FIG. 4A. Fig. 1A shows a first embodiment of a grinding machine 1 in one

perspective view. The illustrated grinding machine 1 is a so-called surface grinding machine, more precisely a side surface grinding machine. The grinding machine 1 comprises a grinding tool 2, which is a

Abrasive tool axis X2 is rotatably mounted. The grinding tool axis X2 is oriented perpendicularly or vertically ("vertical spindle") .The grinding tool 2 is a grinding wheel which is approximately cylindrically shaped The grinding tool 2 is driven by a drive 3 and can move in at least the vertical direction in the direction of the grinding tool axis X2 - be moved. The grinding machine 1 shown in Fig. 1 also comprises a workpiece carrier unit 4 with eight peripherally arranged workpiece carriers 5. On every other

Workpiece carrier 5 - that is, on a total of four of the eight workpiece carrier 5 - are arranged workpieces 6. The workpiece carrier unit 4 is rotatably mounted about a workpiece carrier unit axis X4. The workpiece carrier unit axis X4 is oriented vertically or vertically. In addition, the runs

Workpiece carrier unit axis X4 collinear with the grinding tool axis X2. The

Workpiece carriers 5 are also rotatably mounted, to one each

Workpiece carrier axis X5. In the embodiment shown in FIG

Grinding machine 1, the workpiece carrier axes X5 are approximately vertically or vertically aligned and arranged parallel to the workpiece carrier unit axis X4. Alternatively, however, the workpiece carrier axis X5 could also relative to

Workpiece carrier unit axis X4 be arranged inclined. This will be discussed below in connection with another embodiment of the grinding machine.

The grinding of the workpieces 6 takes place on the grinding machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that the grinding tool 2 rotates about the grinding tool axis X2. In addition, the workpiece carrier unit 4 rotates about the workpiece carrier unit axis X4 and the workpiece carriers 5 rotate about their workpiece carrier axes X5. After the grinding tool 2 has been lowered onto the workpieces 6 to be machined, the surfaces of a plurality of workpieces 6, in particular of all workpieces 6-preferably simultaneously-are gripped and ground by the grinding tool 2. The grinding tool 2 and its drive 3 can be displaced in the vertical direction in order to place the grinding tool 2 on the workpieces 6 and to be able to lift them off again (represented by a double arrow in FIG. 1A).

In Fig. 1B, the grinding tool 2 and the workpiece carrier unit 4 are the

Grinding machine 1 shown in Fig. 1A in a front view. Those regions of the grinding machine 1 which have already been described in connection with FIG. 1A are provided with corresponding reference symbols in FIG. 1B - and in all other figures. The grinding tool 2 has a flat grinding surface 7 and the Workpieces 6 have a surface 8 to be processed. The flat grinding surface 7 of the grinding tool 2 extends approximately at right angles to the grinding tool axis X2 and the surfaces 8 to be machined of the workpieces 6 extend approximately at right angles to the workpiece carrier axes X5. Obviously, the grinding tool axis X2 and the workpiece carrier unit axis X4 are collinear while the

Workpiece support axes X5 offset parallel to these two axes X2, X4 run. Shown in FIG. 1B is a machine position prior to the beginning of the grinding process; at this time, between the grinding surface 7 of the grinding tool 2 and the surfaces to be machined 8 of the workpieces 6 in the vertical direction still a distance 9. The vertical displacement of the grinding tool 2 and its drive 3 are shown in Figure 1B by a straight double arrow. the

On the other hand, rotational movements are not marked with arrows for reasons of clarity. FIG. 1C shows the workpiece carrier unit 4 of the grinding machine 1 from FIG. 1A in a plan view. Those regions of the grinding machine 1 which have already been described in connection with FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B are provided with corresponding reference symbols in FIG. 1C - and in all other figures. In the top view, it can be seen particularly clearly that the grinding tool 2 detects all four workpieces 6 to be machined. Due to the rotation of the workpieces 6 to the

Workpiece support axes X5 are all detected areas of the workpieces 6 to be ground by the grinding tool 2, although the diameter D2 of

Grinding tool 2 is smaller than the diameter D4 of the workpiece carrier unit 4 and although the workpieces 6 are arranged with their outer diameter D6 in the radial direction partially outside of the grinding tool 2. This is achieved in that the distance of the workpiece carrier axes X5 of the

Grinding tool axis X2 is less than half the diameter D2 (ie the radius) of the grinding tool 2. The rotation of the grinding tool 2 and the rotation of the workpieces 6 are shown in Fig. IC by curved arrows; it can be seen that the grinding tool 2 and the workpieces 6 the same direction of rotation have, namely in a clockwise direction. In addition, it can be provided that the workpiece carrier unit 4 rotates about its workpiece carrier unit axis X4.

Fig. 2A shows a second embodiment of a grinding machine V according to the invention in a perspective view. Those regions of the grinding machine Y which have already been described in connection with FIGS. 1A to 1C are provided with corresponding reference symbols in FIG. 2A-and in all other figures. A difference between the first embodiment of the grinding machine 1 (FIGS. 1A to 1C) and the second embodiment of the grinding machine Y (FIGS. 2A to 2C) is that the second embodiment of the grinding machine Y has four grinding tools 2 ', which are rotatably mounted around one grinding tool axis X2 '.

In FIG. 2B, the grinding tools 2 'and the workpiece carrier unit 4 are the

Grinding machine 1 'shown in Fig. 2A in a front view. Those areas of the grinding machine Y which have already been described in connection with FIG. 2A are shown in FIG. 2B - and in all other figures - with corresponding ones

Provided with reference numerals. The grinding tools 2 'each have a grinding surface 7', which runs approximately at right angles to the respective grinding tool axis X2 '. The workpieces 6 to be machined are each arranged on a workpiece carrier 5, with the surfaces 8 of the workpieces 6 to be machined being internal surfaces 8 this time. The workpiece carrier 5 have

Workpiece support axes X5, which are parallel offset to the workpiece carrier unit axis X4. The grinding tool axis X2 and the workpiece carrier unit axis X4 are collinear. The vertical displaceability of the grinding tools 2 'and their drive 3 are shown in Fig. 2B by a straight double arrow. The

Abrasive tools 2 'are also displaceable in the radial direction (parallel

Displacement of the grinding tool axes X2 '), which is for the sake of better

Clarity is not marked by arrows. FIG. 2C shows the workpiece carrier unit 4 of the grinding machine Y from FIG. 2A in a plan view. Those areas of the grinding machine Y, which are already related are described in Fig. 2A or Fig. 2B, are provided in Fig. 2C - and in all other figures - with corresponding reference numerals. In the plan view is particularly well recognizable that each of the four workpieces 6 own

Grinding tool 2 'is assigned. Since the outer diameter D2 'of

Grinding tools 2 'is smaller than the inner diameter D6i of the workpieces 6, the grinding tools 2' can be inserted into the workpieces 6 and thus grind inside surfaces of the workpieces 6. The rotation of the

Abrasive tools 2 'and the rotation of the workpieces 6 are shown in Fig. 2C by curved arrows. Since the grinding tools 2 'are inserted into the workpieces 6, the workpiece carrier unit 4 can not make a complete revolving rotation about the workpiece carrier unit axis X4; instead, the workpiece carrier unit 4 makes an oscillating rotational movement

(represented by a curved double arrow). In Fig. 3A, an alternative embodiment of a workpiece carrier unit 4 is shown in a plan view. Those areas of the workpiece carrier unit 4 which have already been described above are provided with corresponding reference numbers in FIG. 3A-and in all other figures. The third embodiment of

Workpiece carrier unit 4 differs in particular from the previously described embodiment in that workpiece carriers 5 'are provided with a tiltable or entangled bearing. This will be discussed in more detail in connection with FIG. 3B and FIG. 3C.

FIG. 3B shows the workpiece carrier unit from FIG. 3A in a sectional view along the sectional plane A-A shown in FIG. 3A and in FIG. 3C

Workpiece carrier unit shown in Fig. 3A in a sectional view taken along the section plane B-B shown in Fig. 3A. Those areas of

Workpiece carrier unit 4, which have already been described above, are provided with corresponding reference numerals in FIG. 3B and in FIG. 3C-as in all other figures. In Fig. 3B it can be seen that the workpiece carrier 5 'has a tilting bearing 10, which will be discussed in more detail below. The tilting storage 10 allows both a pivoting movement or tilting movement of the workpiece carrier 5 'in the radial direction of the workpiece carrier unit 4 - ie along the sectional plane AA in Fig. 3A (curved double arrow in Fig. 3B, "tilt") and in

Circumferential direction or in the tangential direction of the workpiece carrier unit 4 - ie along the sectional plane B-B in Fig. 3A (curved double arrow in Fig. 3C;

By combining the two illustrated - at right angles to each other - pivoting directions of the workpiece carrier 5 'can be inclined or entangled in any direction

Workpiece support axis X5 no longer necessarily parallel to

Workpiece carrier unit axis X4 must run but - depending on the position of the workpiece carrier 5 '- may be inclined or entangled.

In Fig. 4A, the workpiece carrier 5 'of Fig. 3A is shown in an enlarged view. 4B shows an alternative embodiment of the workpiece carrier 5 "from FIG. 4A.

Those areas of the workpiece carriers 5 ', 5 "which have already been described above are provided with corresponding reference numerals in Fig. 4A and in Fig. 4. The workpiece carrier 5', 5" is in both embodiments relative to the

Workpiece support unit 4 rotatably mounted, for which purpose the workpiece carrier 5 'of Fig. 4A as well as the workpiece carrier 5 "of Fig. 4B has rolling bearings 12, with which a rotating shaft 13 is rotatably mounted in a housing 14

The workpiece carrier 5 ', 5 "is pivotally mounted in both embodiments, this is achieved in the workpiece carrier 5' of Fig. 4A via a tilting bearing 10, which is designed as a spherical bearing .. The workpiece carrier 5 'has a fixable adjusting ring 15 which around the The position of the adjusting ring 15-and thus also the inclination position or interleaving position of the workpiece carrier 5'-can be precisely adjusted by means of adjusting screws 16. In the example shown in Fig. 4A, a radial adjusting screw 16A and an axial adjusting screw 16B Following the adjustment, the position of the workpiece carrier 5 'can be ascertained in any inclination or interlocking position via locking screws 17. The workpiece carrier 5 "from FIG

Tilt bearing 10 ', however, by an elastic deformation of certain areas The areas intended for the elastic deformation can, for example, be made particularly thin The tilting bearing 10 'shown in Fig. 4B is suitable only for smaller tilt angles, for larger tilt angles, the tilting bearing 10 shown in Fig. 4A is preferred.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1 ': grinding machine

2, 2 ': grinding tool

3: drive (of the grinding tool 2,2 ')

4: Workpiece carrier unit

5, 5 ', 5 ": workpiece carrier

6: workpiece

7, 7 ': grinding surface (of the grinding tool 2, 2')

8: surface (of the workpiece 6)

9: distance (between grinding tool 2, 2 'and workpiece 6)

10, 10 ': tilting storage

12: Rolling bearing (of the workpiece carrier)

13: shaft (of the workpiece carrier)

14: housing (of the workpiece carrier)

15: collar

16, 16A, 16B: adjusting screw

17: locking screw

D2, D2 ': outer diameter (of the grinding tool 2,2')

D4: outer diameter (of the workpiece carrier unit 4)

D6: outer diameter (of workpieces 6)

D6i: inner diameter (of the workpieces 6)

X2, X2 ': grinding tool axis

X4: Workpiece carrier unit axis

X5: workpiece carrier axis

Claims

claims

A grinding method for machining the surface of workpieces (6) with a plurality of internal grinding spindles, comprising the following steps:

a) providing a grinding machine (1, 1 ') with at least two

Grinding tools (2, 2 '),

wherein the grinding tools (2, 2 ') are rotatably mounted around a respective grinding tool axis (X2, X2'),

b) providing at least two workpieces (6) to be machined, c) arranging the workpieces (6) on one of at least two

Workpiece carriers (5, 5 ', 5 ") of a workpiece carrier unit (4),

- Wherein the at least two workpiece carriers (5, 5 ', 5 ") are rotatably mounted in each case about a workpiece carrier axis (X5), and

- Wherein the workpiece carrier unit (4) around a

Workpiece carrier unit axis (X4) is rotatably mounted,

and

d) grinding the workpiece surfaces (8) of the workpieces (6),

wherein the grinding tools (2, 2 ') rotate about the grinding tool axes (X2, X2'),

- Wherein the at least two workpiece carriers (5, 5 ', 5 ") rotate about one workpiece carrier axis (X5), and

- Wherein the workpiece surfaces (8) of at least two on other workpiece carriers (5, 5 ', 5 ") arranged workpieces (6) are processed simultaneously.

2. grinding method according to claim 1,

characterized in that the workpiece carrier unit (4) rotates completely around the workpiece carrier unit axis (X4).

3. grinding method according to claim 1 or claim 2,

characterized in that

the workpiece carrier unit (4) oscillates about the workpiece carrier unit axis (X4).

4. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized in that

the workpieces [6] are ground on an outer surface.

5. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 3,

characterized in that

the workpieces (6) are ground on an inner surface.

6. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 5,

characterized in that

the workpieces (6) are ground on curved surfaces.

7. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 6,

characterized in that

the grinding tool axis (X2, X2 ') and the workpiece carrier unit axis (X4) are parallel, in particular collinear.

8. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 7,

characterized in that

at least one workpiece carrier axis (X5) parallel to the

Workpiece carrier unit axis (X4) runs.

9. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that

at least one workpiece carrier axis (X5) inclined and / or crossed to the workpiece carrier unit axis (X4) extends.

10. grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 9,

characterized in that

different height workpieces (6) are ground simultaneously.

11. Grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 10,

characterized in that

the rotational speed of the workpiece carriers (5, 5 ', 5 ") is adjustable independently of the rotational speed of the workpiece carrier unit (4).

12. Grinding method according to one of claims 1 to 11,

characterized in that

the grinding tool (2) is cylindrically shaped and is mounted so as to be relatively movable in the axial direction and / or in the radial direction.