WO2018201714A1 - 一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法 - Google Patents

一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法 Download PDF

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WO2018201714A1
WO2018201714A1 PCT/CN2017/114363 CN2017114363W WO2018201714A1 WO 2018201714 A1 WO2018201714 A1 WO 2018201714A1 CN 2017114363 W CN2017114363 W CN 2017114363W WO 2018201714 A1 WO2018201714 A1 WO 2018201714A1
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coal
drilling
borehole
parameters
construction
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French (fr)
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朱传杰
林柏泉
高子善
卢细苗
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2017404561A priority Critical patent/AU2017404561B2/en
Priority to US16/090,080 priority patent/US11060384B2/en
Priority to RU2018135739A priority patent/RU2682820C1/ru
Publication of WO2018201714A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018201714A1/zh
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/006Production of coal-bed methane
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/002Survey of boreholes or wells by visual inspection
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/10Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose

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  • the invention relates to a precise extraction method for coal mine gas, and is particularly suitable for precise and efficient gas extraction of gas containing coal seam under coal mine, including accurate positioning of the final hole point of the borehole and accurate quantification of gas extraction amount and residual gas content. Therefore, the gas drainage blank belt caused by improper design of the drilling hole can be avoided.
  • Gas drainage by drilling is the main measure for gas prevention. Due to the poor permeability of coal seams in China, the impact range of surface drilling is small, and the drainage effect is poor. Most of them are drilled by constructing small-diameter boreholes in coal mines. These boreholes are simple in construction and large in quantity. However, at present, the extraction effect is not satisfactory. The main reason is that the coal seam is relatively soft compared with other hard rock and the distance is short, which makes the construction track of the borehole difficult to control. It is not clear where the length and final hole point fall. However, most of the existing designs are based on the assumption that the borehole is a straight bored hole constructed from the opening point, and the end position of the borehole is not accurately located.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of inaccurate design and construction of coal mine gas drainage holes, resulting in uneven time and space of coal seam gas drainage, and there is a problem of extracting blank belts, and providing a precise mining method for coal mine gas.
  • the precise positioning of the coal seam and the accurate design of the gas drilling method are adopted to realize the precise extraction of coal mine gas and improve the pertinence of gas control.
  • the precise extraction method of the coal mine gas of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the stratum section in the step (a) adopts a stratum profiler, and the construction site scans along the roadway direction in the coal seam floor roadway.
  • the formation detecting borehole in the step (b) shall be constructed to pass through the coal section until the coal slag is not discharged.
  • the method for depicting the trend, tendency, and thickness variation of the coal seam in the area to be extracted in the step (c) is a comprehensive determination method combining the combination of the profile profile scanning and the drilling coordinate correction: firstly, the formation profile is determined by the formation profile analyzer. The trend of the formation, and then use the drilling coordinates to determine the exact boundary of the coal seam.
  • the actual coal seam floor and the top plate in the step (f) see the coal point coordinates, and the endoscopic camera is used to record the corresponding track points of the drill floor and the coal seam and the top plate see the coal end point, and then the drilling track points recorded in the gyroscope The corresponding correspondence determines the specific coordinate value.
  • the method for adjusting the drilling construction parameter in the step (g) is: firstly, adjusting the azimuth angle, so that the horizontal drilling length of the coal seeing point of the actual drilling trajectory and the designing roof is the same as the horizontal projection length in the vertical direction of the roadway, and then The opening position is adjusted in the opposite direction of the offset direction according to the offset of the borehole in the direction of the lane.
  • the present invention can accurately understand the occurrence of coal seams and gas by implementing the precise extraction method of coal mine gas, and accurately design gas drainage according to the actual occurrence of coal seams and gas.
  • the construction parameters can be adjusted to accurately reach the predetermined drilling design position, thereby avoiding the inaccuracy of the engineers and technicians to understand the changes in coal seams and gas, and the resulting coal mine gas drainage
  • the design of the mining project is not in place, causing problems in the extraction of blank strips.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an implementation flow of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a method for detecting the trend of coal seam orientation, tendency, and coal seam thickness variation according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the borehole design and actual trajectory of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the correspondence relationship between the azimuth angle, the inclination angle and the length of the drill hole of the present invention and the actual coal spot coordinates, the hole bottom coordinates and the three-dimensional drilling trajectory.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relative relationship between the design trajectory, the actual drilling trajectory and the corrected boring trajectory on the horizontal plane of the present invention.
  • the precise extraction method of the coal mine gas of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • step (h) Adjust the drilling opening parameters according to the three-dimensional orientation relationship between the construction parameters of the drilling opening point and the actual coal point parameters of the drilling hole; the method for adjusting the drilling construction parameters in the step (h) is: firstly adjust the orientation The angle, so that the top hole of the actual drilling track and the design roof are the same as the horizontal projection length of the coal point in the vertical direction of the roadway, and then the opening is adjusted in the opposite direction of the offset direction according to the offset in the direction of the roadway. Point coordinates.
  • the coal seam gas content of a coal mine is 12m 3 /t, and the thickness of the coal seam is 4m.
  • the floor roadway is 1km long, and the vertical distance of the floor roadway from the coal seam is 10m.
  • the coal seam gas is pre-extracted to reduce the gas content in the pre-drainage zone to below 8 m 3 /t.
  • the length and width of the pre-drainage zone are 30m and 4m respectively, and the coal density is 1.2t/m 3 .
  • the coal reserves that can be effectively controlled are 576 tons. Originally designed 7 holes, the gas can be extracted 2304m 3 for 6 months, so that the residual gas content can reach 8m 3 /t or less.
  • the coal seam layer 2 is scanned at a uniform speed along the tunneling direction of the floor roadway to detect the general trend of the coal seam 3.
  • the drilling machine is installed in the roadway. Install a hole peeper and a gyroscope in the drill pipe near the drill bit, and drill a vertical formation to the coal seam along the roadway every 10 meters.
  • the drill hole can also be used for late gas drainage.
  • the coal seam 5 and the actual top plate of the borehole are located at the 6th position of the coal end point, respectively connecting all the bottom plates to see the coal point and the top plate seeing the coal end point, and obtaining the accurate trending position map of the coal seam bottom plate 7 and the coal seam roof plate 8.
  • the actual coal seam thickness of the pre-drainage area is 3.5m, which is less than the thickness of the geologic coal seam of 4m, and the actual controlled coal reserves in the pre-drainage area are 504 tons.
  • a drilling machine is installed, and a set of actual construction drilling holes 901 to 907 are formed after the completion of the construction, as shown in FIG. 3; the parameters of each drilling hole are separately tracked and recorded by the gyroscope and the endoscopic camera.
  • the drilling design parameters and actual completion parameters are shown in Table 1. Taking the 907 drilling as an example, the orientation relationship between the designed drilling and the actual construction drilling is shown in Fig. 4;
  • the angular unit in the table is “°”, and the coordinates and the length of the hole are “m”.
  • the drilling correction is performed.
  • the 907 borehole first adjust the actual azimuth angle 13 of the borehole to the borehole azimuth angle 14 after the correction, so that the actual trajectory after adjusting the azimuth angle is consistent with the abscissa X of the design drill hole 10, since only the azimuth angle is adjusted.
  • the shape of the drilling trajectory will be changed. Therefore, the length L of the horizontal projection 18 of the trajectory after the rectification is the same as the length of the horizontal projection 16 of the actual drilling trajectory, that is, the actual top plate of the 907 hole in Table 1 is the X coordinate value of the coal end point.
  • L P , L P is equal to the horizontal projection of the borehole trajectory after the azimuth correction of the actual construction bore 907.
  • the projection length L J on the Y-axis Subtract the projection length L Y of the design drill hole 10 on the Y axis.
  • the 901-907 drilled holes after rectification and re-construction are connected to the gas drainage pipeline, and the accumulated single-meter gas extraction amount of each drilling hole is measured for 6 months, and is filled in Table 2.
  • the gas volume of 2816.8m 3 can be accumulated in 6 months, which can actually reduce the gas content in the control area by 5.6m 3 /t and the residual gas content is 6.4m 3 . /t, meet the requirements.
  • the design and construction parameters of each group of holes are the same. Therefore, the other groups of holes are constructed according to the above-mentioned corrected drilling design parameters, and the drilling of the group is achieved.
  • the design is expected to improve the accuracy of the design and construction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Gyroscopes (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,适用于提高煤矿瓦斯抽采设计与施工的准确性,保证钻孔抽采效率。该方法首先利用陀螺仪和内窥摄像头探测抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向趋势和煤层厚度数据;然后,根据待抽采区域的瓦斯抽采达标要求,设计、施工并跟踪钻孔的轨迹,获得钻孔设计参数与钻孔实际轨迹参数的对应关系;其次,根据设计钻孔参数与实际钻孔参数的对应关系,调整开孔参数,以施工至预定钻孔位置;随后,将钻孔连接到抽采管路,观测钻孔瓦斯抽采流量和每米瓦斯抽采量;最后,根据调整后的钻孔施工参数和抽采数据,设计施工其他钻孔,钻孔施工完毕后,联网进行瓦斯抽采。

Description

一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,尤其适用于煤矿井下含瓦斯煤层的瓦斯精准高效抽采,包括钻孔终孔点的准确定位和瓦斯抽采量与残余瓦斯含量的准确量化,从而能避免抽采钻孔设计不当造成的瓦斯抽采空白带。
背景技术
通过钻孔进行瓦斯抽采是瓦斯防治的主要措施。由于我国煤层透气性较差,地面钻井影响范围小、抽放效果差,大多通过在煤矿井下施工小直径钻孔进行抽采,这些钻孔施工简单、数量较多。但是目前来看,抽采效果不理想,这其中主要的原因是煤层与其它较硬的岩石相比相对较软、距离又短,导致钻孔的施工轨迹很难控制,钻孔的实际见煤长度和终孔点到底落在何处并不是很清楚。然而,现有的设计大都基于钻孔是从开孔点施工的直线钻孔的假设,没有准确定位钻孔的终点位置。而且,钻孔的轨迹也不是完全呈直线形态,从而导致对每个钻孔到底能够抽采多少瓦斯量形成误判。此外,由于我国煤层赋存不稳定,煤层厚度变化大,以往的设计也都假设煤层赋存是稳定的,各处厚度一直,走向和倾向的角度不变化,造成设计参数相同的钻孔可能抽采的瓦斯量存在较大差异。上述原因都会导致对每个钻孔抽采的瓦斯量计算不准确,形成瓦斯抽采空白带,后期煤巷掘进过程中极易遇到瓦斯超限问题,带来安全隐患,威胁矿工生命。
发明内容
技术问题:本发明的目的是针对煤矿瓦斯抽采钻孔设计和施工不精确,导致煤层瓦斯抽采时空不均,存在抽采空白带的问题,提供一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,通过采用煤层赋存精准定位和瓦斯钻孔精确设计的方法,实现煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采,提高瓦斯治理的针对性。
技术方案:本发明的煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,包括如下步骤:
(a)在煤层的待抽采区域进行地层剖面扫描;
(b)在地层剖面扫描区域施工地层探测钻孔;
(c)描绘待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图;
(d)根据待抽采区域的煤层参数和瓦斯抽采达标要求,确定需要施工的钻孔数量及其具体施工参数;
(e)在待施工位置固定钻机,并在钻机的钻头内部安装陀螺仪和内窥摄像头;
(f)利用钻机在煤层中施工并跟踪一组各种不同施工参数钻孔的轨迹,记录钻孔开孔点施工参数与实际见煤点坐标和孔底坐标;
(g)根据钻孔开孔点施工参数与钻孔实际见煤点参数的三维方位关系,调整钻孔开孔施工参数;
(h)将钻孔连接到抽采管路,并安装孔口流量计,记录不同钻孔瓦斯抽采流量和单米瓦斯抽采流量;
(i)根据调整后的钻孔施工参数和单米瓦斯抽采流量,设计并精确施工其它钻孔至预定设计的钻孔位置,施工完毕后密封钻孔,进行瓦斯抽采。
所述步骤(a)中的地层剖面采用地层剖面仪,施工地点在煤层底板巷道中沿巷道掘进方向扫描。
所述步骤(b)中的地层探测钻孔应施工穿过见煤段,直至不排出煤渣为止。
所述步骤(c)中的待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图描绘方法采用地层剖面仪扫描和钻孔坐标修正相结合的综合判定方法:首先用地层剖面仪确定含煤地层的走向趋势,然后利用钻孔坐标划定煤层的准确边界。
所述步骤(f)中的实际煤层底板和顶板见煤点坐标,利用内窥摄像头记录钻孔底板见煤点和顶板见煤终点各自的对应轨迹点,然后在陀螺仪记录的钻孔轨迹点上对应确定具体的坐标数值。
所述步骤(g)中的调整钻孔施工参数方法为:首先调整方位角,使实际钻孔轨迹的顶板见煤点与设计顶板见煤点在与巷道垂直方向上的水平投影长度相同,然后根据钻孔在巷道方向上的偏移量沿偏移方向的反方向调整开孔位置。
有益效果:由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明通过实施煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,一方面可以准确获知煤层和瓦斯的赋存情况,并根据煤层和瓦斯的实际赋存情况,精确设计瓦斯抽采方案;另一方面可以根据钻孔轨迹特征,通过调整施工参数,准确到达预定钻孔设计位置,从而避免了工程技术人员对煤层和瓦斯赋存变化情况了解不够精确,而导致的煤矿瓦斯抽采工程设计不到位、造成存在抽采空白带的问题。同时,通过跟踪定位钻孔的实际轨迹,避免了对钻孔实际轨迹和见煤点位置难以定位的问题,实现了瓦斯抽采量的准确评估,进而判断煤层的残余瓦斯含量,为煤层后期开采或掘进时的瓦斯防治提供参考。
附图说明
图1是本发明的实施流程示意图。
图2是本发明的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势探测方法示意图。
图3是本发明的钻孔设计和实际轨迹剖面示意图。
图4是本发明的钻孔开孔方位角、倾角和钻孔长度与钻孔实际见煤点坐标、孔底坐标和三维钻孔轨迹的对应关系原理立体示意图。
图5是本发明的设计轨迹、实际钻孔轨迹和纠偏后的钻孔轨迹在水平面上的相对关系投影示意图。
图中:图中:1-底板巷道;2-含煤地层;3-煤层;4-地层探测钻孔;5-钻孔实际底板见煤点;6-钻孔实际顶板见煤终点;7-煤层底板;8-煤层顶板;901~907-实际施工钻孔;10-设计钻孔;11-钻孔设计底板见煤点;12-钻孔设计顶板见煤终点;13-钻孔的实际方位角;14-纠偏后的钻孔方位角;15-钻孔的设计方位角;16-实际钻孔轨迹的水平投影;17-设计钻孔轨迹的水平投影;18-纠偏后钻孔轨迹的水平投影。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,本发明的煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)在煤层的待抽采区域进行地层剖面扫描;所述地层剖面扫描采用地层剖面仪, 施工地点在煤层底板巷道中沿巷道掘进方向扫描;
(b)在地层剖面扫描区域施工地层探测钻孔;所述地层探测钻孔应施工穿过见煤段,直至不排出煤渣为止;
(c)描绘待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图;所述待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图描绘方法采用地层剖面仪扫描和钻孔坐标修正相结合的综合判定方法:首先用地层剖面仪确定含煤地层的走向趋势,然后利用钻孔坐标划定煤层的准确边界;
(d)根据待抽采区域的煤层参数和瓦斯抽采达标要求,确定需要施工的钻孔数量及其具体施工参数;
(e)在待施工位置固定钻机,并在钻机的钻头内部安装陀螺仪和内窥摄像头;
(f)利用钻机在煤层中施工并跟踪一组各种不同施工参数钻孔的轨迹,记录钻孔开孔点施工参数与钻孔实际见煤点坐标和孔底坐标,即记录实际钻孔的方位角、倾角、煤层底板和顶板见煤点坐标、以及孔长;所述实际见煤点坐标和孔底坐标,采用陀螺仪和内窥摄像头相结合的方法确定,即内窥摄像头记录钻孔见煤点和孔底各自的对应轨迹点,然后对应确定陀螺仪记录的钻孔轨迹点上的坐标数值;
(g)将钻孔连接到抽采管路,并安装孔口流量计,记录不同钻孔瓦斯抽采流量和单米瓦斯抽采流量;
(h)根据钻孔开孔点施工参数与钻孔实际见煤点参数的三维方位关系,调整钻孔开孔参数;所述步骤(h)中调整钻孔施工参数的方法为:首先调整方位角,使实际钻孔轨迹的顶板见煤点与设计顶板见煤点在与巷道垂直方向上的水平投影长度相同,然后根据在巷道方向上的偏移量沿偏移方向的反方向调整开孔点坐标。
(i)根据调整后的钻孔施工参数,精确施工至预定设计的钻孔位置,施工完毕后密封钻孔,进行瓦斯抽采。
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步的描述:
某煤矿煤层瓦斯含量为12m3/t,地勘煤层厚度4m,煤层下方施工有底板巷道,该底板巷道长1km,底板巷道离煤层的垂直距离为10m,通过在底板巷道内施工穿层钻孔预抽煤层瓦斯,使预抽区域的瓦斯含量降低至8m3/t以下。预抽区域长、宽分别要求为30m和4m,煤炭密度为1.2t/m3,则可以有效控制的煤炭储量共有576吨。原先设计7个钻孔,预抽6个月可以抽采瓦斯2304m3,从而可以使残余瓦斯含量达到8m3/t以下。
如图2所示,首先在煤层的底板巷道1内,利用地层剖面仪沿底板巷道的掘进方向匀速扫描含煤煤层2,探测煤层3的大体走向趋势;扫描完毕后,在巷道内安设钻机,靠近钻头的钻杆内安装孔内窥视仪和陀螺仪,沿巷道每隔10米施工向煤层垂直一个地层探测钻孔4,该钻孔还可用于后期瓦斯抽采,记录钻孔实际底板见煤点5和钻孔实际顶板见煤终点6位置,分别连接所有的底板见煤点和顶板见煤终点,获得煤层底板7和煤层顶板8的准确走向趋势位置图。同时,获得设计预抽区域的实际煤层厚度为3.5m,小于地勘煤层厚度4m,则预抽区域的实际控制煤炭储量有504吨。
然后,在底板巷道1内,安设钻机,施工完成后形成一组实际施工钻孔901~907,如图3所示;利用陀螺仪和内窥摄像头分别跟踪记录每个钻孔的参数,获得的钻孔设计参数和实际完工参数见表一;以907钻孔为例,设计钻孔和实际施工钻孔的方位关系如图4所示;。
表一钻孔设计参数和实际完工参数对应表
Figure PCTCN2017114363-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017114363-appb-000002
备注:表中的角单位为“°”,坐标和孔长单位为“m”。
根据表一的数据进行钻孔纠偏。以907钻孔为例,首先调整钻孔的实际方位角13至纠偏后的钻孔方位角14,使得调整方位角后实际轨迹和设计钻孔10的横坐标X一致,由于仅调整方位角不会改变钻孔轨迹形状,因此,纠偏后钻孔轨迹的水平投影18的长度L与实际钻孔轨迹的水平投影16的长度相同,即表一中907钻孔的实际顶板见煤终点X坐标值18.4m/cos336°=20.1m,因此,设计钻孔轨迹的水平投影17的X轴长度LX与纠偏后钻孔轨迹的水平投影18的长度L的比值的反余弦值arcos(LX/L)=41.7°,表一中907钻孔的设计顶板见煤终点X坐标15m,因此,纠偏后的钻孔方位角14为360°-41.7°=318.3°。
将调整方位角后的钻孔再沿Y轴偏移方向的反方向调整LP,LP等于实际施工钻孔907进行方位角纠偏后钻孔轨迹的水平投影18在Y轴的投影长度LJ减去设计钻孔10在Y轴的投影长度LY,表一中钻孔编号为907的设计顶板见煤终点Y坐标值1.3m,其中,LJ=L×sin(arcos(LX/L))=12.2m,则LP=LJ-LY=10.9m,从而获得纠偏后的设计参数:方位角为318.3°、倾角42°、开孔X坐标为0m、Y坐标为-10.9m、Z坐标为0m。
最后,将纠偏并重新施工后的901~907钻孔连接至瓦斯抽采管路,分别计量每个钻孔6个月的累计单米瓦斯抽采量,填入表二。根据实际孔长和实际单米瓦斯抽放量可知,6个月可累计抽采瓦斯量2816.8m3,则可使控制区域的瓦斯含量实际降低5.6m3/t,残余瓦斯含量为6.4m3/t,达到要求。
表二钻孔抽采流量设计参数和实际抽采参数对比表
Figure PCTCN2017114363-appb-000003
由于钻孔是沿巷道方向按组施工的,每组钻孔的设计和施工参数是一样的,因此,其它组钻孔根据上述纠偏后的钻孔设计参数进行施工,达到与该组钻孔的预期设计效果,从而提高了设计和施工的准确性。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    (a)在煤层的待抽采区域进行地层剖面扫描;
    (b)在地层剖面扫描区域施工地层探测钻孔;
    (c)描绘待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图;
    (d)根据待抽采区域的煤层参数和瓦斯抽采达标要求,确定需要施工的钻孔数量及其具体施工参数;
    (e)在待施工位置固定钻机,并在钻机的钻头内部安装陀螺仪和内窥摄像头;
    (f)利用钻机在煤层中施工并跟踪一组各种不同施工参数钻孔的轨迹,记录钻孔开孔点施工参数与实际见煤点坐标和孔底坐标;
    (g)根据钻孔开孔点施工参数与钻孔实际见煤点参数的三维方位关系,调整钻孔开孔参数;
    (h)将钻孔连接到抽采管路,并安装孔口流量计,记录不同钻孔瓦斯抽采流量和单米瓦斯抽采流量;
    (i)根据调整后的钻孔施工参数和单米,设计并精确施工其它钻孔至预定设计的钻孔位置,施工完毕后密封钻孔,进行瓦斯抽采。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(a)中的地层剖面扫描采用地层剖面仪,施工地点在煤层底板巷道中沿巷道掘进方向扫描。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(b)中的地层探测钻孔应施工穿过见煤段,直至不排出煤渣为止。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(c)中的待抽采区域的煤层走向、倾向、煤层厚度变化趋势图描绘方法采用地层剖面仪扫描和钻孔坐标修正相结合的综合判定方法:首先用地层剖面仪确定含煤地层的走向趋势,然后利用钻孔坐标划定煤层的准确边界。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(f)中的实际煤层底板和顶板见煤点坐标,利用内窥摄像头记录钻孔底板见煤点和顶板见煤终点各自的对应轨迹点,然后在陀螺仪记录的钻孔轨迹点上对应确定具体的坐标数值。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种煤矿瓦斯的精准抽采方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(g)中调整钻孔开孔参数的方法为:首先调整方位角,使实际钻孔轨迹的顶板见煤点与设计顶板见煤点在与巷道垂直方向上的水平投影长度相同,然后根据钻孔在巷道方向上的偏移量沿偏移方向的反方向调整开孔位置。
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CN115898406A (zh) * 2023-01-04 2023-04-04 中煤科工西安研究院(集团)有限公司 一种基于底板定向梳状孔的碎软煤层透明工作面构建方法
CN116427996B (zh) * 2023-04-18 2023-09-26 淮北工业建筑设计院有限责任公司 利用地面瓦斯抽采管实现注浆充填的管理系统及方法
CN116427996A (zh) * 2023-04-18 2023-07-14 淮北工业建筑设计院有限责任公司 利用地面瓦斯抽采管实现注浆充填的管理系统及方法
CN119539216A (zh) * 2025-01-23 2025-02-28 贵州省煤层气页岩气工程技术研究中心 一种煤层气开采量智能预测方法及系统

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